WO2015196692A1 - Système informatique en nuage, et procédé et appareil de traitement pour un système informatique en nuage - Google Patents

Système informatique en nuage, et procédé et appareil de traitement pour un système informatique en nuage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015196692A1
WO2015196692A1 PCT/CN2014/090398 CN2014090398W WO2015196692A1 WO 2015196692 A1 WO2015196692 A1 WO 2015196692A1 CN 2014090398 W CN2014090398 W CN 2014090398W WO 2015196692 A1 WO2015196692 A1 WO 2015196692A1
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data
cloud computing
computing system
node
disk
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PCT/CN2014/090398
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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莫嫣
高洪
韩银俊
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications

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  • the present invention relates to the field of cloud computing technologies, and in particular to a cloud computing system and a processing method and apparatus for a cloud computing system.
  • Cloud Computing is Grid Computing, Distributed Computing, Parallel Computing, Utility Computing, Network Storage Technologies, and Virtualization. ), load balancing (Load Balance) and other traditional computer technology and network technology development and fusion products. It aims to integrate multiple relatively low-cost computing entities into a system with powerful computing capabilities through the network.
  • Distributed caching is an area in the field of cloud computing. Its role is to provide distributed storage services for massive data and high-speed read and write access.
  • the distributed cache system is composed of a plurality of server nodes and clients interconnected; the server node is responsible for data storage, and the client can perform operations such as writing, reading, updating, and deleting data to the server.
  • data cannot be stored only on a single server node (hereinafter referred to as "node"), but a copy of the same data is stored on multiple nodes, which are backups of each other.
  • the most common storage mode is the master-slave mode, in which one node acts as the master node and the other nodes act as slaves.
  • the identity of the master node is obtained through election or other algorithms.
  • data updates generally occur on the primary node.
  • the standby node obtains data from the primary node for synchronization, and the data access can obtain data from the primary node or obtain data from the standby node, depending on the consistency of the access. Strategy.
  • the data storage mode is generally classified according to NRW, where N represents the number of copies of the data, R represents the number of copies of the data obtained in one data access request, and W represents once.
  • N represents the number of copies of the data
  • R represents the number of copies of the data obtained in one data access request
  • W represents once.
  • the minimum number of participating nodes for the data update request ie, how many nodes are updated).
  • the distributed caching system implements the persistence function
  • the data distributed on the server is saved on the disk.
  • the server cannot provide read and write services. Since the distributed cache system data has multiple replicas, the system can still provide read and write services through the replicas of other nodes as long as the other servers are in a normal state.
  • a distributed cache system node has multiple disks attached, only one or a few of them are damaged for some reason, causing the server to fail to provide services. According to the foregoing, the entire cluster is still available because other servers are normally available. . Assume that during this time, another server has a similar situation, and that node is not able to provide services normally. It is likely that the number of copies cannot satisfy the NRW policy, and the distributed cache cluster is completely unable to provide services. Typically, when the more commonly used NRW is 3/2/2, the two nodes are dropped, only one node is normal, and the read and write operations cannot meet the minimum operation requirements on the two copies.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cloud computing system and a processing method and apparatus for the cloud computing system, which can improve the tolerance of the system to disk failure.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a processing method of a cloud computing system, including:
  • the node disk status report includes: a state of a disk in each node of the cloud computing system, and a data identifier corresponding to data stored in the disk;
  • the steps of performing corresponding operations include:
  • the operation request is an update request; when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to a minimum number of participating nodes of a predetermined data update request of the cloud computing system, Responding to the update request; otherwise, rejecting the update request; or
  • the operation request is a data access request; when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to the number of data copies acquired by a predetermined data access request of the cloud computing system Responding to the data access request; otherwise, rejecting the data access request.
  • the steps include:
  • the primary node of the cloud computing system When the operation request is an update request, and the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is normal, the primary node of the cloud computing system performs data update to the disk of the data of the primary node; the cloud computing The slave node of the system acquires data to be synchronized from the master node, and the slave node performs data update on the disk where the data of the slave node is located;
  • the first slave node of the cloud computing system When the operation request is an update request, and the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is a failure, the first slave node of the cloud computing system performs data to the disk where the data of the first slave node is located. Updating; the second slave node of the cloud computing system acquires data to be synchronized from the first slave node; and the second node performs data update to the disk where the data of the second slave node is located; The state of the disk storing the data by a slave node and the second slave node is normal.
  • the requested steps include:
  • the operation request is a data access request
  • the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is normal
  • Obtaining a second copy of the data from a disk of the at least one slave node of the cloud computing system selecting, from the first copy and the second copy, a copy of the latest version; Sending a copy of the latest version to the client; the state of the disk storing the data of the second slave node is normal;
  • the operation request is a data access request
  • the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is a failure
  • the method further includes:
  • the node disk status report of the cloud computing system is obtained from the node.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a processing device of a cloud computing system, including:
  • a first receiving unit receiving an operation request of the client for the cloud computing system
  • a search unit configured to search, according to a node disk status report of the cloud computing system, each disk in the node of the cloud computing system, where the data corresponding to the data identifier is stored, and a status of each of the disks;
  • the node disk status report includes : a state of a disk in each node of the cloud computing system, and a data identifier corresponding to data stored in the disk;
  • the operation unit performs a corresponding operation according to the state of each of the disks in which the data identifier corresponding data is stored in each node in the cloud computing system.
  • the operating unit includes:
  • the operation request being an update request
  • the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to a predetermined data update request of the cloud computing system Responding to the update request when at least the number of participating nodes;
  • a first rejecting subunit rejecting the update when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is less than a minimum number of participating nodes of a predetermined data update request of the cloud computing system request;
  • the operation request is a data access request; when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to a predetermined data access request of the cloud computing system Responding to the data access request when the number of data copies obtained is obtained;
  • a second rejecting subunit rejecting the data when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is less than the number of data copies acquired by the cloud computing system for a predetermined data access request Access request.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second receiving unit receives the node disk status report of the cloud computing system from the node.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a cloud computing system, including: a client, a processing device, a node, and a disk corresponding to the node;
  • Each of the nodes of the cloud computing system stores a respective disk of the data identifier corresponding data and a status of each of the disks;
  • the node disk status report includes: the nodes in the cloud computing system The state of the disk, the data identifier corresponding to the data stored in the disk; and the corresponding operation according to the state of each of the disks storing the data identifier corresponding data in each node in the cloud computing system.
  • the node sends a node disk status report to the processing device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a processing method of a cloud computing system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing apparatus of a cloud computing system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cloud computing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic structural diagrams of an application scenario of a cloud computing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a processing method of a cloud computing system includes:
  • Step 11 Receive an operation request of the client for the cloud computing system; the operation request may be a data update request or a data access request.
  • Step 12 Acquire, according to the operation request, a data identifier to be operated in the cloud computing system; for example, the operation request is to update the copy 1 in FIG. 4, and the copy 1 is a data identifier.
  • Step 13 Search, according to the node disk status report of the cloud computing system, the status of each disk in which the data identifier corresponding data is stored in each node of the cloud computing system and the status of each of the disks; the node disk status report includes The state of the disk in each node of the cloud computing system, the data identifier corresponding to the data stored in the disk; the state of the disk is normal or faulty; in FIG. 4, the disk state report of node A is: (node A : Disk I, Replica 1, Failure; Disk II, Replica 2, Normal; Disk III, Replica 3, Normal).
  • Step 14 Perform corresponding operations according to states of each of the disks in which the data identifier corresponding data is stored in each node in the cloud computing system.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 10 Obtain a node disk status report of the cloud computing system from a node.
  • the node sends a report if it detects that the disk storing the data is corrupted or fails, or sends a report based on the request.
  • step 14 includes:
  • the operation request is an update request; when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to a minimum number of participating nodes of a predetermined data update request of the cloud computing system, Responding to the update request; otherwise, rejecting the update request; or
  • the operation request is a data access request; when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to the number of data copies acquired by a predetermined data access request of the cloud computing system Responding to the data access request; otherwise, rejecting the data access request.
  • the primary node of the cloud computing system When the operation request is an update request, and the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is normal, the primary node of the cloud computing system performs data update to the disk of the data of the primary node; the cloud computing The slave node of the system acquires data to be synchronized from the master node, and the slave node performs data update on the disk where the data of the slave node is located;
  • the first slave node of the cloud computing system When the operation request is an update request, and the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is a failure, the first slave node of the cloud computing system performs data to the disk where the data of the first slave node is located. Updating; the second slave node of the cloud computing system acquires data to be synchronized from the first slave node; and the second node performs data update to the disk where the data of the second slave node is located; The state of the disk storing the data by a slave node and the second slave node is normal.
  • the operation request is a data access request
  • the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is normal
  • obtaining the first copy of the data from the disk where the data of the primary node of the cloud computing system is located Obtaining, from at least one (or two or three, according to actual conditions) of the cloud computing system, a second copy of the data from a disk on which the data of the node is located; from the first copy And selecting, in the second copy, a copy of the latest version; and sending the copy of the latest version to the client; the state of the disk storing the data of the second slave node is normal;
  • the operation request is a data access request
  • the state of the disk of the primary node storing the data is a failure
  • FIG. 5 is a distributed cache storage system composed of three nodes.
  • the storage system has three copies of each data, and updates and accesses data in a manner of 322.
  • the number of read request access copies specified by the cloud computing system is 2. When one disk is broken, it can still respond to the update or data access operation request. When two disks are broken, the operation request cannot be responded to.
  • the system when a node disk failure occurs, and even multiple nodes simultaneously fail the disk, as long as the number of available disks on the cluster can satisfy the NRW policy, the system can ensure consistency and availability, and may even affect all data.
  • the service, and the fact that the system is completely unable to provide services, will provide services as much as possible.
  • a processing device of a cloud computing system includes:
  • the first receiving unit 21 receives an operation request of the client for the cloud computing system
  • the obtaining unit 22 is configured to acquire, according to the operation request, a data identifier to be operated in the cloud computing system;
  • the searching unit 23 is configured to search, according to the node disk status report of the cloud computing system, each disk in the node of the cloud computing system, where the data corresponding to the data identifier is stored, and a status of each of the disks; the node disk status report
  • the method includes: a state of a disk in each node of the cloud computing system, and a data identifier corresponding to data stored in the disk;
  • the operation unit 24 performs a corresponding operation according to the state of each of the disks in which the data identifier corresponding data is stored in each node in the cloud computing system.
  • the operating unit 24 includes:
  • the operation request being an update request
  • the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to a predetermined data update request of the cloud computing system Responding to the update request when at least the number of participating nodes;
  • a first rejecting subunit rejecting the update when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is less than a minimum number of participating nodes of a predetermined data update request of the cloud computing system request;
  • the operation request is a data access request; when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is greater than or equal to a predetermined data access request of the cloud computing system Responding to the data access request when the number of data copies obtained is obtained;
  • a second rejecting subunit rejecting the data when the number of the disks in the cloud computing system storing the data and in a normal state is less than the number of data copies acquired by the cloud computing system for a predetermined data access request Access request.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second receiving unit 25 receives the node disk status report of the cloud computing system from the node.
  • a cloud computing system includes: a client 31, a processing device 32, a node 33, and a disk 34 corresponding to the node 33;
  • the processing device 32 receives an operation request of the client 31 for the cloud computing system; and according to the operation request, acquires a data identifier to be operated in the cloud computing system; and reports a node disk status according to the cloud computing system. And searching, in each of the nodes 33 of the cloud computing system, a disk that stores the data identifier corresponding data and a status of each of the disks 34; the node disk status report includes: each node 33 of the cloud computing system a state of the disk, a data identifier corresponding to the data stored in the disk; performing a corresponding operation according to a state of each of the disks 34 storing the data identifier corresponding data in each node in the cloud computing system .
  • the node 33 sends a node disk status report to the processing device 32.
  • the first application scenario describes a method for implementing availability when a disk is damaged in a multi-disk path in a cloud computing distributed cache system.
  • Pre-step The client establishes a connection with multiple server nodes in the distributed cache system.
  • the server nodes establish connections and run normally.
  • Each server has several disks for data persistence. Different data points. Slices are persisted on different disks.
  • the number of copies of the data is N
  • the number of copies of the read request access is R
  • write The minimum number of successful requests for copying is W
  • Step A Under normal circumstances, all the disks on each node work normally, and the data has N copies in the system.
  • the master performs data update processing on the disk where the data is located, the slave synchronizes the data from the master, and updates the data to the disk where the data is on the slave.
  • the return is performed.
  • Client data update success message
  • the master/Slave processes the request, and after obtaining the accessed data copy from the disk where the R node data is located, the latest copy is selected from the R data copies and returned to the client.
  • Step B When the node A starts, it finds that a certain disk failure is inaccessible, but the other disks are still normal. Or, during the running of the node A, it is found that the disk fails to access multiple times and it is determined that the disk is faulty. Node A does not switch to a node failure, but continues to provide read and write services, while recording the identity of the failed disk and the corresponding data copy on that disk.
  • Step C When the client initiates a data update request, and the data is exactly distributed on the fault disk of node A described in step B, when updating data to the node, node A directly returns failure; when the data is updated in W After the node is successfully completed (the node A is not included in the W nodes), the data update success message is returned to the client;
  • node A When the client initiates a data access request, node A directly returns a failure, and the master/Slave processes the request, and obtains the accessed data copy from the disk where the data of the R nodes (the R nodes do not include node A) is from the R. The latest copy is selected from the data copies and returned to the client.
  • Step D When the client initiates a data update and an access request, and the data is not distributed on the fault disk of node A described in step B, the processing manner is the same as step A.
  • Step E When Node B is running, multiple access failures to a disk determine that the disk is faulty. Node B does not switch to a node failure, but continues to provide read and write services, while recording the identity of the failed disk and the corresponding data copy on the disk.
  • Step F When the client initiates a data update and access request, and the data is exactly distributed on the fault disk of the node B described in step E, based on the above assumption, not on the fault disk of the node A in step B, then When the node updates the data, the Node B directly returns the failure; when the data update is successfully completed on the W nodes (the W nodes do not include the Node B), the data update success message is returned to the client;
  • the Node B When the client initiates a data access request, the Node B directly returns a failure, and the Master/Slave processes the request, and obtains the accessed data copy from the disk where the R nodes (the R nodes do not include the Node B) data, from the R The latest copy is selected from the data copy and returned to the client.
  • Step G When the client initiates a data update request, and the data is exactly distributed on the fault disk of the node A described in step B, based on the above assumption, if it is not on the fault disk of the node B described in step E, then When the node updates and accesses the data, the process is the same as step C, and the result is that it can be updated and accessed normally.
  • the system when a node disk failure occurs, and even multiple nodes simultaneously fail the disk, as long as the number of available copies of the remaining disk on the cluster can satisfy the NRW policy, the system can ensure consistency and availability, and may even have no effect. The service of all data, and the fact that the system is completely unable to provide services, will provide services as much as possible.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an implementation method for improving the availability of a distributed cache system in the case of multiple disk corruption.
  • the consistency of the system is enhanced, and the availability of the system is enhanced, thereby optimizing the application experience.
  • the server node and the client form a distributed cache system.
  • a master node responsible for processing client updates and access requests.
  • a distributed cache storage system consisting of three nodes.
  • the storage system has three copies of each data and updates and accesses data in 322 mode.
  • Step 1 in the initial normal phase, the system receives the client request, assuming that the data is located on the disk I of the node A, copy 1 (corresponding to the above data identification), the copy of the disk I of the node B, and the copy of the disk III of the node C. 1 on.
  • replica 1 on node B is master, on the other two nodes.
  • the copy is a slave.
  • the copy 2 on node A is the master, and the copy on the other two nodes is the slave.
  • the copy 3 on node A is the master, and the copy on the other two nodes is the slave.
  • Step 2 When the client initiates a data update request, the Node B master updates the data to the copy 1 on the disk 1.
  • the slave synchronizes the data from the master and updates the data to the disk where the data is on the slave.
  • Step 3 As shown in FIG. 4, it is assumed that the disk I on the node A is damaged, resulting in the copy 1 being unavailable.
  • the data of the update request initiated by the client is located on the replica 1 of the node A
  • the data of the copy 1 of the disk I is updated by the master of the node B
  • the slave of the node C synchronizes the data from the master
  • the data is copied to the copy of the disk C of the node C.
  • Data update is performed.
  • the data update success message is returned to the client;
  • Step 4 In the case of step 3, when the update and access request initiated by the client is located on the copy 2 or the copy 3 of the node A, since the copies of the three nodes are available, the processing flow is the same as the step 2.
  • Step 5 as shown in FIG. 5, when the disk II on the node B is damaged, the copy 3 of the node B is unavailable.
  • the data of the update and access request initiated by the client is located on the replica 1 of the node A, the replicas on the node B and the node C are available, and the NRW policy is satisfied, and the processing flow is the same as step 3.
  • Step 6 In the case of step 5, when the update and access request initiated by the client is located on the copy 2 of the node A, since the copy 2 of the three nodes is available, the processing flow is the same as the step 2.
  • Step 7 In the case of step 5, when the data of the update request initiated by the client is located on the copy 3 of the node A, the copy 3 of the node B is damaged, and the copy 3 of the node C is available.
  • the data is updated by the A-Node master to the replica 3 on the disk III, the slave of the node C synchronizes the data from the master, and updates the data on the replica 3 of the disk C on the node C.
  • the distributed cache cluster can provide read and write services for all data as long as the damaged disk copy is not duplicated.
  • each node is actually partially damaged.
  • the damaged disk does not store a copy of the same data, the actual available disk of the entire system. At the top, it still holds at least two copies of all the data, and is fully qualified to provide all services normally. Even if a copy of the same data is stored on the damaged disk, the available data on other disks can still meet the consistency and availability, and can provide read and write services, which cannot be provided only for the data that is damaged at the same time. Read and write access.
  • the present invention is directed to a distributed cache system.
  • the available resources can be fully utilized, and the copy resources conforming to the requirements of consistency and availability can be integrated to improve the availability of the system and improve the tolerance of the system to faults. That is to say, in the distributed cache system of the cloud computing field, a disk and data management mechanism is provided, and even in the case of a failure of a node part disk, the data on the available disk can be utilized as much as possible, and the ability to provide the service is maintained. Enables the server to provide consistent and available storage services with fewer disks or data resources.
  • the above technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is directed to a distributed cache system, in the case of disk corruption, the available resources can be fully utilized, and the copy resources conforming to the consistency and availability requirements are integrated to improve the system availability as much as possible. Improve the system's tolerance to failure.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système informatique en nuage, et un procédé et un appareil de traitement pour un système informatique en nuage. Le procédé de traitement pour un système informatique en nuage consiste à : recevoir, d'un client, une demande d'opération d'un système informatique en nuage ; acquérir un identifiant de données sur lequel une opération doit être exécutée, dans le système informatique en nuage d'après la demande d'opération ; rechercher chaque disque, qui stocke des données correspondant à l'identifiant de données, dans chaque nœud du système informatique en nuage et l'état de chaque disque d'après un rapport d'état de disque de nœud du système informatique en nuage, le rapport d'état de disque de nœud contenant des états de disques dans chaque nœud du système informatique en nuage et des identifiants de données correspondant à des données stockées dans les disques ; et exécuter une opération correspondant à l'état de chaque disque, qui stocke les données correspondant à l'identifiant de données, dans chaque nœud du système informatique en nuage. La présente invention peut améliorer la tolérance d'un système aux pannes d'un disque.
PCT/CN2014/090398 2014-06-24 2014-11-05 Système informatique en nuage, et procédé et appareil de traitement pour un système informatique en nuage WO2015196692A1 (fr)

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CN108173672B (zh) * 2017-12-04 2021-06-08 华为技术有限公司 检测故障的方法和装置
CN110321225B (zh) * 2019-07-08 2021-04-30 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 负载均衡方法、元数据服务器及计算机可读存储介质
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GAO, HONG ET AL.: "Distributed Cache of Cloud Computing Technology and Its Application in the Internet of Things", ZTE TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, vol. 17, no. 4, August 2011 (2011-08-01), pages 37 - 42, XP055246677 *

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