WO2015195095A1 - Câble à fibres optiques à tube central - Google Patents

Câble à fibres optiques à tube central Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015195095A1
WO2015195095A1 PCT/US2014/042731 US2014042731W WO2015195095A1 WO 2015195095 A1 WO2015195095 A1 WO 2015195095A1 US 2014042731 W US2014042731 W US 2014042731W WO 2015195095 A1 WO2015195095 A1 WO 2015195095A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strength members
optical
cable jacket
wall
reinforced
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/042731
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ben Hart WELLS
Glen Falk
Jeffrey Scott Barker
Original Assignee
Prysmian S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Prysmian S.P.A. filed Critical Prysmian S.P.A.
Priority to PCT/US2014/042731 priority Critical patent/WO2015195095A1/fr
Publication of WO2015195095A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015195095A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
    • G02B6/4433—Double reinforcement laying in straight line with optical transmission element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4403—Optical cables with ribbon structure
    • G02B6/4404—Multi-podded

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to optical-fiber cables, particularly ribbon-in-central- tube optical-fiber cables.
  • Optical fibers provide advantages over conventional communication lines. As compared with traditional wire-based networks, optical- fiber communication networks can transmit significantly more information at significantly higher speeds. Optical fibers, therefore, are being increasingly employed in communication networks.
  • Optical fibers are typically grouped in optical-fiber cables, such as central loose-tube cables.
  • optical-fiber cables sometimes include rigid, outer strength members to help the optical-fiber cables withstand the mechanical stresses that occur during installation and thereafter as a result of thermal expansion and contraction.
  • optical-fiber cables should be able to withstand conditions of use over a wide temperature range, such as between about -20°C and 50°C. Indeed, it is desirable for optical-fiber cables to be able to withstand an even wider temperature range, such as between about -40°C and 70°C.
  • the inclusion of rigid, outer strength members however, not only increases the size of optical-fiber cables but also provides another route for water to spread (e.g., flood or otherwise flow) along the length of the cables.
  • the present invention embraces an optical-fiber cable having a central buffer tube that encloses optical fiber elements (e.g., ribbonized or non-ribbonized optical fibers) and a surrounding cable jacket.
  • optical fiber elements e.g., ribbonized or non-ribbonized optical fibers
  • Two groups of rigid, radial strength members e.g., four strength members having the same diameter D sm and being grouped in pairs
  • the two groups of rigid strength members are positioned substantially
  • the optical- fiber cable includes two pairs of two adjacent strength members, the respective adjacent strength members being spaced from one another by a distance of between 0.25D sm and 1.25D sm (e.g., 0.4D sm and 0.8D sm ).
  • strength members e.g., two pairs of two strength members
  • two pairs of adjacent strength members having a diameter D sm are spaced from the cable jacket's inner wall by a distance of less than 0.25D sm .
  • four fully embedded strength members having a diameter D sm are positioned between 0.05 D sm and 0.1 D sm from the cable jacket's inner wall.
  • none of the strength members has more than
  • each of four partially embedded strength members exposes between 1 percent and 5 percent of its surface area through the cable jacket's inner wall.
  • Figures 1-5 schematically depict cross-sectional views of optical-fiber cables according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • the present invention embraces an optical-fiber cable.
  • Figures 1-5 each schematically depict an exemplary optical-fiber cable 10 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the optical-fiber cable 10 includes a central, polymeric buffer tube 12 that defines a central, annular space.
  • Optical fibers 11 e.g., optical-fiber ribbons
  • a cable jacket 13 encloses the optical fibers 11 and the surrounding polymeric buffer tube 12.
  • the cable jacket 13 surrounds the buffer tube 12 so there is essentially no free space between the cable jacket 13 and the buffer tube 12 (e.g., the cable jacket 13 is extruded around the buffer tube 12).
  • optional water-blocking elements 15 may be positioned between the buffer tube 12 and the surrounding cable jacket 13.
  • water-blocking elements 15 e.g., water-swellable yarns and/or water-swellable tapes
  • a thixotropic material 16 (not depicted) or other water-blocking substance might replace the water-blocking elements 15 depicted in Figures 4-5.
  • water-blocking elements 15 e.g., water-swellable yarns and/or water-swellable tapes
  • a thixotropic material 16 e.g., as depicted in Figure 3
  • At least four rigid strength members 14 are substantially embedded in the cable jacket 13.
  • the rigid strength members 14 may be either fully embedded in the cable jacket 13, as depicted in Figure 1 , or partially embedded in the cable jacket 13, as depicted in Figure 5.
  • the rigid strength members 14 are thinly covered by a polymeric layer of the material that forms the cable jacket 13 (e.g., a polymeric skin) or are just slightly exposed through the inner wall 13a of the cable jacket 13.
  • the rigid strength members 14 are typically not positioned to bulge from or otherwise be exposed through the outer wall 13b of the cable jacket 13.
  • one or more rip cords 17 may be positioned between the buffer tube 12 and the surrounding cable jacket 13.
  • a rip cord 17 is typically positioned near the strength members 14, where there is less jacketing material to access and open, thereby facilitating buffer-tube access.
  • the strength members 14 have the same diameter D sm and are configured in two groups of two.
  • the first and second groups of two strength members 14 are positioned substantially diametrically opposite one another, such as depicted in
  • a first group of two adjacent, rigid strength members 14, each having a diameter D sm is substantially embedded within the cable jacket 13.
  • Exemplary rigid strength members are glass-reinforced-plastic strength members having a diameter of between about 0.6 millimeter and 2.6 millimeters (e.g., a diameter of 1.6 millimeters).
  • These first two rigid strength members 14 are typically spaced from one another by a distance of between 0.25D sm and 1.25D sm , such as more than 0.35D sm or less than 1.0D sm (e.g., less than 0.75D sm , such as between about 0.35D sm and 0.5D sm ).
  • the rigid strength members 14 are acentrically positioned toward the cable jacket's inner wall (i.e., the strength members 14 are biased toward the center of the optical-fiber cable).
  • the first and second groups of rigid strength members 14 are partially or fully embedded in the cable jacket 13 (i.e., substantially embedded in the cable jacket 13) such that none of the strength members has more than one third of its surface area (i.e., 120 degrees or less of a circular strength member's
  • the first and second groups of rigid strength members 14 are partially or fully embedded in the cable jacket 13 (i.e., substantially embedded in the cable jacket 13) such that none of the strength members has more than 20 percent of its surface area (e.g., 60 degrees or less of a circular strength member's circumference) exposed through the cable jacket's inner wall 13a. As noted, none of the strength members 14 typically has any of its surface area exposed through the cable jacket's outer wall 13b.
  • each of the strength members has between 2 percent and 15 percent (e.g., between 5 percent and 10 percent) of its surface area exposed through the cable jacket's inner wall 13a.
  • each of the strength members is typically spaced from the cable jacket's inner wall 13a by a distance of less than 0.25D sm , such as less than 0.15D sm (e.g., less than 0.05D sm as depicted in Figures 2-4).
  • the rigid strength members 14 are typically glass-reinforced-plastic rods (i.e., GRP strength members). Glass, which has excellent fire resistance, typically accounts for at least 70 weight percent of these reinforcing materials, with a polymeric component accounting for the remainder.
  • the glass-reinforced-plastic strength members 14 are typically sufficiently tacky to reduce slippage as embedded within the cable jacket 13 while allowing removal during field operations requiring optical-fiber access. Alternatively, smooth, non-tacky glass-reinforced-plastic strength members 14 may be embedded within or otherwise glued to the cable jacket 13.
  • the rigid strength members 14 might include metal rods (e.g., steel strength members), but these are conductive and so are typically disfavored for unarmored optical-fiber cables.
  • Optical-fiber cables were tested to evaluate the spacing between adjacent pairs of glass-reinforced-plastic strength members.
  • bend testing was performed in accordance with Telcordia Technologies generic requirements for "Low- and High- Temperature Cable Bend” (Section 6.5.3) as set forth in GR-20-CORE (Issue 3, May 2008), which itself references ICEA 640 (Section 7.21), FOTP-37 and other sections of
  • GR-20-CORE (Issue 3, May 2008), namely "Cable Testing” (Section 6.5.2).
  • GR-20-CORE (Issue 3, May 2008), ICEA 640 (Section 7.21), and FOTP-37 are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • Each of the tested optical-fiber cables had a ribbon-in-central-tube design including 432 ribbonized optical fibers within a central, polymeric buffer tube.
  • the optical-fiber ribbons and the surrounding polymeric buffer tube were enclosed in an unarmored cable jacket in which two pairs of two glass-reinforced-plastic strength members were embedded (i.e., four embedded strength members).
  • Each glass-reinforced-plastic strength member had a diameter of 1.6 millimeters, and the two groups of
  • each tested ribbon-in-central-tube optical-fiber cable had a diameter of less than 20 millimeters.
  • GR-20-CORE Issue 3, May 2008
  • glass-reinforced-plastic strength member was covered externally by at least 0.5 millimeter of jacketing material (e.g., at least 0.85 millimeter of jacketing material). Adjacent
  • the tested ribbon-in-central-tube optical-fiber cable reported in Table 1 was a control optical-fiber cable. It has been observed that placing two glass-reinforced-plastic strength members contiguously adjacent to one another can reduce cable diameter while maintaining satisfactory cable strength. It has also been observed, however, that such an optical-fiber design allows unacceptable water intrusion and migration via passageways between the contiguously adjacent strength members (e.g., near the central buffer tube).
  • the tested, exemplary ribbon-in-central-tube optical-fiber cables reported in Table 3 demonstrated satisfactory strength (e.g., compression resistance and tensile strength), while precluding possible water passageways between each pair of adjacent strength members. Spacing adjacent glass-reinforced-plastic strength members by a distance of about 0.4D sm (i.e., a 0.65 -millimeter strength-member gap divided by the strength-member diameter D sm of 1.6 millimeters) proved to be satisfactory.
  • the central buffer tube is typically formed from thermoplastic material(s), such as polyolefms
  • the central buffer tube may also be formed from polyester, such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), nucleated polybutylene terephthalate, or low-shrink polybutylene terephthalate; nylon, such as polyamide 12 (PA12), amorphous polyamide 12, or polyamide 11; polyvinyl chloride (PVC); halogen- free flame retardant materials (HFRR); urethane polymers, such as urethane acrylates; and/or blends of these and other polymeric materials.
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PA12 polyamide 12
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • HFRR halogen- free flame retardant materials
  • urethane polymers such as urethane acrylates
  • the layers may be homogeneous or include mixtures or blends of various materials within each layer.
  • the buffer tube may be extruded (e.g. , an extruded polymeric material) or pultruded (e.g., a pultruded, fiber-reinforced plastic).
  • the buffer tube may include a material to provide high temperature and chemical resistance (e.g. , an aromatic material or polysulfone material).
  • buffer tubes typically have a circular cross section
  • buffer tubes alternatively may have an irregular or non-circular shape (e.g., an oval or trapezoidal cross-section, or a substantially circular cross-section with one or more flat spots).
  • the cable jacket is likewise typically formed from thermoplastic material(s), such as polyolefms (e.g., polyethylene or polypropylene, such as medium-density or high-density polyethylene).
  • the cable jacket may also be formed from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamides (e.g., nylon), polyester (e.g., PBT), fluorinated plastics (e.g., perfluorethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride, or polyvinylidene difluoride), and ethylene vinyl acetate.
  • the cable jacket is typically extruded over the buffer tube and any water-blocking elements (e.g., a water-swellable tape).
  • the cable jacket and/or buffer tube materials may also contain other additives, such as nucleating agents, flame-retardants, smoke-retardants, antioxidants, UV absorbers, and/or plasticizers.
  • the cable jacket may be a single sheath formed from a dielectric material (e.g., non-conducting polymers), with or without supplemental structural components that may be used to improve the protection (e.g. , from rodents) and strength provided by the cable jacket.
  • a dielectric material e.g., non-conducting polymers
  • supplemental structural components e.g., from rodents
  • One or more layers of metallic (e.g., steel) tape along with one or more dielectric sheathing may form an armored cable jacket.
  • aramid, fiberglass, or polyester yarns may be employed under the various sheathing materials (e.g., between the cable jacket and the buffer tube), and/or ripcords may be positioned, for example, within the cable jacket.
  • the cable jacket typically has a circular cross section, but the cable jacket alternatively may have an irregular or non-circular shape (e.g., an oval, trapezoidal, or flat cross-section).
  • passive elements may be placed within the central buffer tube's annular space or outside the central buffer tube between its exterior wall and the cable jacket's interior wall.
  • yarns, nonwovens, fabrics (e.g., tapes), foams, or other materials containing water-swellable material and/or coated with water-swellable materials may be placed within the central buffer tube's annular space or outside the central buffer tube between its exterior wall and the cable jacket's interior wall.
  • SAPs super absorbent polymers
  • SAP powder may be employed to provide water blocking and/or to couple the optical fibers to the surrounding buffer tube and/or cable jacket (e.g., via adhesion, friction, and/or compression).
  • a dry water-blocking tape or yarn may at least partially fill the polymeric buffer tube's annular space, and/or a dry water-blocking tape or yarn may be positioned between the central buffer tube and the surrounding cable jacket.
  • Exemplary water-swellable elements are disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Patent No. 7,515,795, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • an adhesive e.g., a hot-melt adhesive or curable adhesive, such as a silicone acrylate cross-linked by exposure to actinic radiation
  • a passive element e.g., water-swellable material
  • An adhesive material may also be used to bond the water-swellable element to optical fibers within the central buffer tube. Exemplary arrangements of such elements are disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Patent No. 7,599,589, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the central buffer tube may also include within its annular space a thixotropic composition (e.g., grease or grease-like gels) between the optical fibers and the buffer tube's interior wall.
  • a thixotropic composition e.g., grease or grease-like gels
  • the thixotropic filling grease mechanically (i.e., viscously) couples the optical fibers to the surrounding buffer tube. That said, such thixotropic filling greases are relatively heavy and messy, thereby hindering connection and splicing operations.
  • the optical fibers may be deployed in dry cable structures (i.e., a grease-free buffer tube).
  • optical-fiber cables according to the present invention may contain either multimode optical fibers or single-mode optical fibers.
  • optical fibers are typically configured as optical-fiber ribbons positioned within central buffer tube's annular space.
  • multiple optical fibers as disclosed herein may be sandwiched, encapsulated, and/or edge bonded to form an optical-fiber ribbon.
  • Optical-fiber ribbons can be divisible into subunits (e.g. , a twelve-fiber ribbon that is splittable into six-fiber subunits).
  • a plurality of such optical-fiber ribbons may be aggregated to form a ribbon stack, which can have various sizes and shapes.
  • a rectangular ribbon stack may be formed with or without a central twist (i. e. , a "primary twist").
  • a ribbon stack is typically manufactured with rotational twist to allow the tube or cable to bend without placing excessive mechanical stress on the optical fibers during winding, installation, and use.
  • a twisted (or untwisted) rectangular ribbon stack may be further formed into a coil-like configuration (e.g., a helix) or a wave-like configuration (e.g., a sinusoid). In other words, the ribbon stack may possess regular "secondary" deformations.
  • the optical fibers may be configured as non-ribbonized optical fibers, such as optical-fiber bundles or as discrete optical fibers loosely positioned within central buffer tube's annular space.
  • bundles of optical fibers can be stranded (e.g., SZ, S, or Z stranded) and then bundled together using binders (e.g., helically or contra-helically wrapped binder yarns or binder tapes) to form an optical-fiber bundle.
  • binders e.g., helically or contra-helically wrapped binder yarns or binder tapes
  • several optical-fiber bundles may be positioned within the central buffer tube's annular space.
  • the optical fibers employed in the present optical-fiber cables may be conventional standard single-mode fibers (SSMF).
  • SSMF standard single-mode fibers
  • ESMF enhanced single-mode fibers
  • ITU-T G.652.D recommendations are commercially available, for instance, from Prysmian Group (Claremont, North Carolina, USA).
  • the ITU-T G.652 (November 2009) recommendations and each of its attributes (i.e., A, B, C, and D) are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • bend-insensitive single-mode optical fibers may be employed in the optical-fiber cables according to the present invention. Bend-insensitive optical fibers are less susceptible to attenuation (e.g., caused by microbending or
  • Exemplary single-mode glass fibers for use in the present optical-fiber cables are commercially available from Prysmian Group (Claremont, North Carolina, USA) under the trade name BendBright®, which is compliant with the ITU-T G.652.D
  • the ITU-T G.657.A recommendations e.g. , the ITU-T G.657.A1 (January 2009) and the ITU-T G.657.A2 (November 2009) subcategories
  • the ITU-T G.657.B recommendations e.g. , the ITU-T G.657.B2 (November 2009) and the ITU-T G.657.B3 (November 2009) subcategories.
  • the ITU-T G.657.A recommendations e.g. , the ITU-T G.657.A1 (November 2009) and the ITU-T G.657.A2 (November 2009) subcategories
  • the ITU-T G.657.B recommendations e.g. , the ITU-T G.657.B2 (November 2009) and the ITU-T G.657.B3 (November 2009) subcategories.
  • the ITU-T G.657.A recommendations e.g. , the
  • exemplary bend-insensitive single-mode glass fibers for use in the present invention are commercially available from Prysmian Group (Claremont,
  • BendBrightXS® optical fibers and BendBright-EliteTM optical fibers are not only compliant with both the ITU-T G.652.D and ITU-T G.657.A/B recommendations, but also demonstrate significant improvement with respect to both macrobending and microbending.
  • conventional single-mode optical fibers typically do not comply with either the ITU-T G.657.A recommendations or the ITU-T G.657.B recommendations, but do typically comply with the ITU-T G.652 recommendations (e.g. , the ITU-T G.652.D recommendations).
  • optical fibers employed with the present optical-fiber cables may also comply with the IEC 60793 and IEC 60794 standards, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the optical fibers employed in the present optical-fiber cables are conventional multimode optical fibers having a 50-micron core (e.g. , OM2 multimode optical fibers) and complying with the ITU-T G.651.1 recommendations.
  • OM2 multimode optical fibers e.g. , OM2 multimode optical fibers
  • ITU-T G.651.1 July 2007 recommendations are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • Exemplary multimode optical fibers that may be employed include MaxCapTM multimode optical fibers (OM2+, OM3, or OM4), which are commercially available from Prysmian Group (Claremont, North Carolina, USA).
  • the present optical-fiber cables may include bend-insensitive multimode optical fibers, such as MaxCapTM-BB-OMx multimode optical fibers, which are commercially available from Prysmian Group (Claremont, North Carolina, USA).
  • bend-insensitive multimode optical fibers typically have macrobending losses of (i) no more than 0.1 dB at a wavelength of 850 nanometers for a winding of two turns around a spool with a bending radius of 15 millimeters and (ii) no more than 0.3 dB at a wavelength of 1300 nanometers for a winding of two turns around a spool with a bending radius of
  • conventional multimode optical fibers in accordance with the ITU-T G.651.1 recommendations, have macrobending losses of (i) no more than 1 dB at a wavelength of 850 nanometers for a winding of two turns around a spool with a bending radius of 15 millimeters and (ii) no more than 1 dB at a wavelength of 1300 nanometers for a winding of two turns around a spool with a bending radius of 15 millimeters. Moreover, as measured using a winding of two turns around a spool with a bending radius of
  • conventional multimode optical fibers typically have macrobending losses of (i) greater than 0.1 dB, more typically greater than 0.2 dB (e.g. , 0.3 dB or more), at a wavelength of 850 nanometers and (ii) greater than 0.3 dB, more typically greater than 0.4 dB (e.g., 0.5 dB or more), at a wavelength of 1300 nanometers.
  • optical fibers typically have an outer diameter of between about 235 microns and 265 microns, although using optical fibers having a smaller diameter may be employed in the present optical-fiber cables.
  • the component glass fiber may have an outer diameter of about 125 microns.
  • the primary coating may have an outer diameter of between about 175 microns and 195 microns (i.e., a primary coating thickness of between about 25 microns and 35 microns)
  • the secondary coating may have an outer diameter of between about 235 microns and 265 microns (i.e., a secondary coating thickness of between about 20 microns and 45 microns).
  • the optical fiber may include an outermost ink layer, which is typically between two and ten microns.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des câbles à fibres optiques tels que des câbles à fibres optiques à rubans dans le tube central. Un câble à fibres optiques donné à titre d'exemple comprend un tube tampon central qui renferme des éléments de fibres optiques (par exemple, des fibres optiques en ruban ou non) et une gaine de câble périphérique dans laquelle sont sensiblement incorporés des éléments de renforcement radiaux.
PCT/US2014/042731 2014-06-17 2014-06-17 Câble à fibres optiques à tube central WO2015195095A1 (fr)

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PCT/US2014/042731 WO2015195095A1 (fr) 2014-06-17 2014-06-17 Câble à fibres optiques à tube central

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2014/042731 WO2015195095A1 (fr) 2014-06-17 2014-06-17 Câble à fibres optiques à tube central

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3176619A1 (fr) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-07 Sterlite Technologies Ltd Câble sismique monotube
EP3447558A1 (fr) * 2017-08-23 2019-02-27 Sterlite Technologies Limited Câble de conduit de ruban de fibres optiques
EP3674761A1 (fr) * 2018-12-31 2020-07-01 Sterlite Technologies Limited Câble à fibre optique unitube
WO2023120483A1 (fr) * 2021-12-20 2023-06-29 住友電気工業株式会社 Câble à fibres optiques

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WO2009062131A1 (fr) 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 Draka Comteq, B.V. Fibre optique résistante aux microcourbures
US7599589B2 (en) 2005-07-20 2009-10-06 Draka Comteq B.V. Gel-free buffer tube with adhesively coupled optical element
WO2011014452A2 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Corning Cable Systems Llc Câbles à fibre optique

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DE3320072A1 (de) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-06 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Lichtwellenleiterkabel und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
EP0468689A1 (fr) * 1990-07-25 1992-01-29 AT&T Corp. Câble aérien d'apport
JPH11337783A (ja) * 1998-05-27 1999-12-10 Fujikura Ltd 光ケーブル
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EP1343041A2 (fr) * 2002-03-04 2003-09-10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Câble à fibres optiques compact
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3176619A1 (fr) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-07 Sterlite Technologies Ltd Câble sismique monotube
EP3447558A1 (fr) * 2017-08-23 2019-02-27 Sterlite Technologies Limited Câble de conduit de ruban de fibres optiques
EP3674761A1 (fr) * 2018-12-31 2020-07-01 Sterlite Technologies Limited Câble à fibre optique unitube
WO2023120483A1 (fr) * 2021-12-20 2023-06-29 住友電気工業株式会社 Câble à fibres optiques

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