WO2015193221A1

WO2015193221A1 - Burner device for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials

Info

Publication number: WO2015193221A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/063283
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernd Meyer; Fred COMPART
Original assignee: Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg
Priority date: 2014-06-18
Filing date: 2015-06-15
Publication date: 2015-12-23
Also published as: DE102014211757A1; DE102014211757B4

Abstract

The invention relates to burner devices for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials. These are in particular characterized in that the reactants can be supplied to the gasifier internal space - which is pressurized and at temperatures of up to 1600°C - such that, instead of a predominantly recirculation flow, a predominantly plug flow is established in the gasifier internal space. To that end, the burner device has a first insulation covering the gasifier internal space, a cooling device having one coolant supply line and one coolant discharge line, a second insulation, a gasification material distributor space which has a gasification material supply line and is on either the second insulation or the cooling device with a second insulation, a shield gas space having a shield gas supply line above the gasification material distributor space, a cover covering the shield gas space and having a distributor for oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification material in conjunction with a supply line, burners and a third insulation as an insulation surrounding the cooling device, the gasification material distributor space and the shield gas space.

Description

Burner device for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials

The invention relates to burner devices for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials.

The partial oxidation of gaseous gasification substances is carried out in carburetors. For this purpose burner devices are arranged at the head of the gasifier, by means of which the reactants in the interior of the carburetor, which usually has high pressures of 30 to 100 bar and temperatures up to 1,600 ° C, are blown. In non-catalytic partial oxidation (POX mode), temperatures of up to 1600 ° C prevail in the interior of the gasifier. In the catalytic partial oxidation (ATR mode, ATR - autothermal reforming) prevail in the carburetor interior, however, temperatures up to 1000 ° C. In the ATR mode, the acceleration of the gasification reactions and thus the adjustment of the chemical equilibrium position by a catalyst layer in the carburetor interior, through which the gas flows, obtained.

The gaseous reactant streams into the gasifier are:

1 . Oxygen or oxygen-containing and thus exothermic reacting with the gasification gasification agent with temperatures up to about 400 ° C. Water vapor and / or carbon dioxide as well as the inert gas nitrogen may also be included in this reactant stream.

2. Water vapor and / or carbon dioxide as endothermic with the gasification agents reacting gasifying agent with temperatures up to about 400 ° C. The inert gas nitrogen may also be contained in this gas stream. The outlet nozzles of these gasifying agents in the gasifier can be designed as annular gap nozzles so that these endothermic gasification agents as a Schleiergas separate the two other listed reactant streams near the outlet nozzles from each other to limit the temperature load on the outlet nozzles by the otherwise taking place directly there exothermic reactions. Water vapor and / or carbon dioxide have a cooling effect and thus a further thermal protection effect for the outlet nozzles due to their heat-consuming reactions with the gasification substances.

3. Gaseous, carbon-containing gasification materials with temperatures up to about 650 ° C, which contain hydrocarbons and react exothermically with the oxygen (Inlet temperatures up to approx. 650 ° C in ATR mode, usually smaller inlet temperatures in POX mode). As diluents and temperature moderators for the exothermic combustion reactions occurring in the carburetor, nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide reacting endothermically with the hydrocarbons or with other reaction by-products as well as the inert gas nitrogen may also be present in the gas stream.

To cool the surfaces of the burner devices that come into contact with the hot interior of the carburetor, also often coolant at temperatures up to about 100 ° C, which contain in particular cooling water, added by means of pressure lines and discharged again. The temperatures in the gasifier interior determine whether the cooling of the surfaces of the burner devices includes cooling of the burners and burner mouths (nozzle cooling means), or, as in the ATR mode with the lower temperatures in the carburetor interior, other burner protection measures are sufficient, such as the introduction of Insulating material between the burners and the temperature moderation of the endothermic gasification agent reacting with the gasification material.

In power units of the carburetor to 250 MW (thermal) is arranged as a burner device, a gasification burner in a predominantly axial, vertical position at the head of the carburetor. For larger power units of carburetors from 500 MW (thermal) two and more gasification burners are used in the head of the carburetor. The carburetor burners inject the listed reactants close together in the carburetor interior. Known burners include, for example, a central exit nozzle for the oxygen-containing gasification agent surrounded by an optional annular gap exit nozzle for the gasification agent endothermic with the gasification materials, which in turn is surrounded by an outer annular gap exit nozzle for the gasification materials. The gasification agents endothermically reacting with the gasification agents from the optional central annular die function as veils and temperature moderators with respect to the reactants from the central exit nozzle and the outer annular die to minimize the temperature loading of the burners. There are numerous references to combustor designs for near-site co-injection of reactants with liquid carbonaceous gasifiers and slurries and with burner cooling devices. Such solutions are disclosed, inter alia, in US Pat. Nos. 3,874,592, 4,225,175, 4,443,228, EP 0 127 273 A3, EP 0 640 679 A1, US Pat. No. 5,515,794, CA 02 287 742, EP 1 016 505 A1 and WO 2011/085744. In addition, there are publications for burner devices with separated outlet nozzles for the different reactants. Such solutions are known, inter alia, from the publications DE 23 03 280 A1 and US Pat. No. 3,869,244.

Irrespective of a joint local injection of the reactants via burners or injection of the reactants via separate outlet nozzles, the reactant streams from the nozzles have free-jet properties and thus an intake effect, as a result of which recirculation of reacted and already cooled gases from the lower region of the reactor space into the vicinity causes the burner or outlet nozzles. These cold gases are preferably sucked upwards via the peripheral regions of the carburetor interior close to the reactor wall and thus provide protection for areas near the wall in the form of lining against thermal overloading. Recirculation is intentional for these reasons, and may also be enhanced by placement options of burner nozzle exhaust nozzles or torches and other carburettor internals. Such solutions are known, inter alia, from the publications DE 23 03 280 A1, US Pat. No. 3,869,244 A and for combustion, for example, by EP 0 535 684 A3. The disadvantage is that due to the recirculation streams and the resulting reactant dilution and temperature reduction in the upper region of the carburetor interior, the local reactor conversion rates are lowered.

In the case of joint local injection of the reactants via gasification burners, torch flames form below these burners, which continue downwards into vortex streets in which the hot gas fractions react with one another. The burner flames are surrounded by the above-mentioned injector effect of the gas burner of gas recirculation zones, which exceed the flame cross sections of the flames many times. In the recirculation zones, significantly lower turbulent mixing intensities and significantly lower temperatures prevail than in the flames and in the downwardly forming vortex streets. The flames are cooled by the sucked recirculation gases. The reaction conversion based on the flow cross section is lower in the recirculation zones than in the flames. There are several solutions aimed at making better use of the gasifier flow area for the gasification reactions in the flames. The simplest and most commonly used, but least effective, solution is to dilate the cross section of the burner flame by twisting, for example, in coal dust burners or oil burners by twisting the fuel flow. Such solutions can be found inter alia in the publications US 4,704,971, DE 31 23 866 A1 and WO 2001/081509 A1. Effective should be areal trained burners, so-called burner blocks, with at least three burners, as they are known for example from the publications EP 1 182 181 A1 and DE 37 26 875 C2.

Document EP 1 182 181 A1 discloses a premix burner block for partial oxidation processes. This is not suitable for carburetors that are operated at high pressures, since the required, very high flow velocities at the outlet from the burner block under increased pressures can not be realized. Furthermore, the burner block for carburetor temperatures of less than 1 .400 ° C is limited. These temperatures are usually exceeded in modern carburetors.

The document DE 37 26 875 C2 provides a water-cooled multi-nozzle burner in which the reactants in the form of the gasification gas natural gas and the exothermic gasification agent, leading through cooling water spaces are separated. Such a solution is not suitable for the technical design of modern gasification burners, which require the high preheating of the gasification agent to about 400 ° C and the gasification materials to about 650 ° C. Due to the compactness of the bottom plate this would be destroyed quickly due to the high thermal stresses. Likewise, the longitudinal expansion of the non-cooled supply pipes can not be mechanically intercepted. In addition, the required weld construction is technically practically impossible. This is supported to the effect that the installation of the inwardly inclined tubes appears technically unrealisable.

The specified in claim 1 invention has for its object to realize a burner device for the partial oxidation of gaseous reactants so that adjusts a predominant piston flow in the carburetor interior.

This object is achieved with the features listed in claim 1.

The burner devices for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials are characterized in particular by the fact that the reactants can be fed into the carburetor interior, which is hot and pressurized up to 1,600 ° C., so that a predominant piston flow instead of a predominant recirculation flow is established in the carburetor interior. For this purpose, the burner device

a first insulation covering the gasifier interior,

a cooling device each having a coolant supply line and a coolant discharge line,

- a second isolation,

a gasification substance distribution space having a gasification material supply line,

a protective gas space with a protective gas supply line, wherein there is a partition wall between the inert gas space and the gasification substance distribution space,

a cover covering the protective gas space with at least one distributor for oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent in connection with a supply line on the protective gas space,

- burners and

a third insulation as an insulation surrounding the cooling device, the gasification substance distribution space and the protective gas space

on.

The first insulation, the cooling device, the gasification material distribution chamber, the partition wall, the protective gas space and the cover are successively arranged in the direction away from the carburettor interior.

Thus, the cooling means are each with an outwardly directed coolant supply line and coolant discharge line on the first insulation, the second insulation on the cooling device, the gasification material distributor space having the outwardly guided gasification material supply line on either the second insulation or the cooling device with a second insulation, the protective gas chamber with the protective gas supply line led out to the outside above the gasification material distributor space and the cover covering the protective gas space with the distributor for oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent in connection with the outwardly guided supply line to the inert gas chamber. Guided to the outside means that the respective media can be supplied from outside the burner device.

Between the inert gas chamber and the gasification material distribution chamber is a partition wall.

Further, for a burner, a nozzle tube is in communication with the manifold for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent and the gasifier interior spaced apart in a protective gas nozzle connected to the protective gas nozzle tube arranged for inert gas of the inert gas chamber, so that the shielding gas nozzle tube connects the inert gas chamber and the carburetor interior as the output of the inert gas chamber. Furthermore, the inert gas nozzle tube is spaced in the gasification material nozzle tube in combination of both the gasification material distribution chamber and the gasifier interior. Thus, the nozzle tube, the shield gas nozzle tube and the gasification nozzle tube is a burner with inert gas as a fog gas between the gasification substance and either oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent at the outlet of the burner.

Thus, the burner device has the subregions

- A traversed inert gas space with water vapor and / or carbon dioxide and / or nitrogen as inert gases, the gases act as a vaporizer at the burner exit, and also cause steam and / or carbon dioxide in addition as endothermic reacting with the gasification gasification agent heat consumption,

a registration arrangement for oxygen or oxygen-containing and exothermic gasification agent reacting with the gasification substance above or in the protective gas space,

a gasification material entry arrangement with a gasification substance distribution space below the inert gas space,

- Burner nozzles for the locally close common outlet of oxygen-containing and exothermic reacting with the gasification gasification agent, inert gases and gasification materials and

a cooling device below the gasification material distributor space to the adjacent gasifier interior.

The uppermost part of the burner device is designed as a protective gas space. It is bounded at the top of the lid of the burner device. The protective gas chamber has a supply line for protective and veiling gases, from which it is continuously flowed through. A part of the protective gas space can advantageously protrude as a mounted vertical dome on the lid and the burner device as a flange. Through the dome, the gasification material supply line is pressure-tight down to the gasification material distribution space carried out, which is located under the inert gas chamber. The supply line for the oxygen-containing gasification agent can also be passed through the same or another dome in a pressure-tight manner, in the event that the oxygen distribution device is located within the protective gas space. The inert gas chamber has a lower bottom plate, are introduced in the openings, which continue downwards as shielding gas nozzle tubes of the burner. Each shielding gas nozzle tube encloses in its interior a centrally arranged nozzle tube for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent. Spacers secure the central location of the nozzle tube for the oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent. The closing of the protective gas nozzle tubes form annular gap outlet nozzles of the protective gas, wherein the annular gap outlet nozzles surround the centrally located nozzle tubes of the oxygen. The protective gas nozzle tubes may already have constrictions before the final annular gap outlet nozzles, which can take on the function of flow restrictors. As a result, and by the final annular gap outlet nozzles, it can be ensured, depending on the operating medium throughputs, that the pressure of the protective gas space is higher than the pressure in the nozzle tubes and the gasification material distributor space. In the case of any leaks, protective gas therefore always enters the respective affected arrangement.

The protective gas acts as a vent gas and an endothermic gasifying agent on exiting into the gasifier interior. Due to the free expansion possibilities of these protective gas nozzle tubes down no voltage build-up is possible. One way of thermal stress build-up at operating temperatures is via the weld joint of the lower bottom plate separating the inert gas space from the gasification material manifold space, with the cylindrical fit of the burner device and with the recess for a pilot burner. The welds must be dimensioned for the corresponding load. A further possibility of the thermal stress build-up results from the fixation of the gasification material supply line at the top of the dome and at the bottom of the gasification substance distribution space. A correspondingly dimensioned expansion compensation of the supply line within the protective gas space should be provided. Such designs are a known U-bend stretch compensation, Lyra bow or Z-bow.

The installation of the oxygen- or oxygen-containing gasifying agent-introducing arrangement can be realized in two different ways as follows.

On the one hand, the arrangement may have a pressure line to at least one distributor above the protective gas space. The distributor lines emanating from the distributor penetrate the protective gas space and each end in a central nozzle tube for the carburetor interior with a central outlet nozzle. On the other hand, the arrangement may have a pressure line to at least one distributor in the inert gas space and associated distribution lines, each with a nozzle tube.

The central nozzle tubes of the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification means are spaced apart in the protective gas nozzle tube. Due to the free expansion possibilities of the central nozzle tubes no voltage build-up is possible downwards. The central nozzle tube and the central outlet nozzle are each enclosed by the protective gas nozzle tubes and the annular gap protective gas outlet nozzles in the carburetor interior.

The gasification material supply arrangement comprises a gasification material supply line as a pressure line to the gasification material distribution space and the associated gasification material nozzle tubes. These nozzle tubes end to the carburetor interior with annular gap outlet nozzles of the burner. These enclose the middle protective gas nozzle tube and the middle annular gap protective gas outlet nozzle. The lower bottom of the gasification material distribution chamber is designed as a cooling device in the form of a radiator plate with cooling water flow and connected to the cylindrical section of the burner device and with the recess for the pilot burner via welds. These must be dimensioned for the thermal stresses when reaching the operating temperature. In particular, in POX mode with up to 1600 ° C internal gas temperature, this cooling must also include the burner and Brennermünder.

The burners have central nozzle tubes for the oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent, surrounded by the protective gas nozzle tubes of the inert gas space, which in turn are surrounded by the gasification material nozzle tubes of the gasification substance entry arrangement. The nozzle tubes each end in outlet nozzles. The central outlet nozzles of the oxygen-containing gasification agent are surrounded by the annular gap nozzles of the protective gas outlet, and these in turn surrounded by the outer annular gap nozzles for the Vergasungsstoffaustritt.

The cooling device forms the end of the gasification material distributor space to the lower first insulation. In a cooling plate of the cooling device passages for the coolant flow are mounted. This can for example be welded to the cooling plate half tubes. The coolant supply and coolant discharge lines have devices for compensating the thermal expansions of the burner device upon reaching the operating temperatures. This can take the form of a U-bow Expansion compensation, Lyra bows, Z-bends or 90 ° bends. The radiator plate is provided with openings to which the gasification material nozzle tubes are attached as parts of the burners. The area between the burners below the radiator plate is filled as a boundary to the carburetor interior with insulating insulating material and forms the lower first insulation. Furthermore, within the gasification material distributor space, an area above the cooler plate as an inner insulation space is likewise filled with heat-insulating material in order to space the gasification material of up to 650 ° C. from the cooler plate. The cylindrical section of the burner device has as a lateral third insulation also heat-insulating ceramic insulating material, which envelops the Kühlwasserzu- and cooling water discharge line.

An advantage of the burner apparatus is that the entire gasification material registration arrangement is separated from the entry arrangement of the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent through the inert gas space. The protective gas space is also part of the entry arrangement of the endothermic gasification agent water vapor and / or carbon dioxide and has depending on Reaktantendurchsätzen and thus burner performance compared to the other two entry arrangements on a pressure, so that high security requirements are guaranteed.

The burner device is positively connected on the underside to the carburetor lining surrounding the carburetor interior and via ceramic seals so that virtually no gases from the carburetor interior over the cylindrical section of the burner device can flow upward in the direction of carburetor cover.

The burner device has at least one tubular and predominantly vertically extending passage in which the pilot burner or the pilot burner and other burners or registration arrangements are located.

The cover flange of the burner device may conveniently have an additional tower-shaped cover attachment, which may consist of interconnected and concentrically arranged tubes, an outer tube and a top closed inner tube. The outer tube is connected to the cover flange of the burner device and above with the inner tube, which projects beyond the outer tube upwardly connected to a spacer pressure-tight manner by means of a welded connection, wherein the inner tube is closed at its upper end with a lid attachment. This construction represents as a dome top a vertical continuation of the inert gas space through which the Gasification material supply line are pressure-tight feasible. Since the gasification material supply line is firmly connected to the upper plate of the gasification material distributor space, this line is equipped within the protective gas space with a strain compensation, for example as a U-bend expansion compensation, Lyra bow or Z-bow. By the same or a different dome, the supply line for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent is pressure-tightly passed in the event that the means for the distribution therefor is in the inert gas space.

The gasification material supply line can have detachable pipe connections just above the cover attachment in such a way that a spacer between the outer pipe and inner pipe can be pulled over it and over the inner pipe, in order then to weld the outer pipe and inner pipe together by means of the spacer.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the patent claims 2 to 10.

According to the embodiment of claim 2, the nozzle tubes through the cover fixed nozzle tubes, the protective gas nozzle tubes through the partition fixed shielding gas nozzle tubes and the gasification material nozzle tubes through the second insulation and / or the cooling device and / or the first insulation fixed gasification nozzle pipes , Conveniently, the gasification material nozzle pipes are fixed in the lower bottom of the gasification material distributor space. This floor can advantageously be a part of the cooling device at the same time, wherein this floor can be a support for cooling channels or even a cooling body with cooling channels. Furthermore, the gasifying substance nozzle tubes can advantageously be fixed vertically and essentially centrally in this soil. Above the lower bottom of the gasification material distributor space, the second insulation is mounted or stripped on the cooling device between the upwardly projecting part of the nozzle tubes. Below the lower floor of the gasification material distributor space, the first insulation covering the gasifier interior is arranged or tamped between the downwardly projecting part of the nozzle tubes. This can reach up to the level of Brennermünder.

According to the embodiment of claim 3, the first end portions of the nozzle tubes with the lid and the first end portions of the shielding gas nozzle tubes are connected to the partition, so that the other portions of both the nozzle tubes and the shielding gas nozzle tubes expand vertically according to the temperatures and can contract. The gasification material nozzle tube is according to the embodiment of claim 4, the outer tube. Furthermore, the lower part of the protective gas nozzle tube, the central tube and the nozzle tube for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent, the central tube for the burner. Here, an outer annular gap discharge nozzle as the lower end of the gasification material nozzle tube, the middle annular gap discharge nozzle as the lower end of the protective gas nozzle tube and the central exit nozzle as the lower end of the nozzle tube for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent constitute the burner mouth of the burner.

According to the embodiment of claim 5, the protective gas nozzle tubes penetrate the gasification material distributor space and the nozzle tubes for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent the protective gas space and in each case a protective gas nozzle tube. In addition, the protective gas in the inert gas chamber has an overpressure relative to the gasification substance and either the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent. Gasification substance and either oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent can thus advantageously not reach the inert gas space. A resulting explosion hazard is avoided.

The cooling device according to the embodiment of claim 6 either cooling channels or cooling channels on a cooling plate in each case for a coolant. Advantageously, the cooling plate with the cooling channels can be simultaneously a support plate. The cooling channels may preferably be welded to the cooling plate and thus support plate half pipes. The cooling channels are further connected to lines arranged in the third insulation as regions of the coolant supply line and the coolant discharge line.

Cooling channels are according to the embodiment of claim 7 annular and the gasification material nozzle tubes at least partially surrounding cooling channels.

The first insulation is according to the embodiment of claim 8 an insulation of a ceramic with a pointing in the direction of the carburetor interior wear layer for protection against abrasion effects of the hot gases.

According to the embodiment of claim 9, the first insulation at least one plate-shaped body and the third insulation is a tubular body or the first insulation and the third insulation is a pot-shaped body. Furthermore, the first insulation and the third insulation of the burner device with the carburetor interior enclosing carburetor lining out positively connected and ceramic seals so that virtually no gases from the carburetor interior can flow upward in the direction of the lid.

According to the embodiment of claim 10, the burner device has a tube penetrating the protective gas space, the dividing wall, the gasification substance distributor space, the second insulation and the first insulation for at least one pilot burner.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in principle in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a burner apparatus for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials and

2 shows a burner.

A burner device for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials in conjunction with a carburetor interior 9 essentially consists of a cover 1, a protective gas space 2, a gasifier-distributor space 3, a first insulation 4, a second insulation 5, a third insulation 6, a cooling device 7 , Burner 8, a supply line 10 for oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent, an inert gas supply line 1 1, a gasification material supply line 12, a coolant supply line 13, a coolant discharge line 14, at least one gasification material distributor 15 and a partition 16.

1 shows a burner apparatus for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials in a basic representation.

The burner device points to it

the first insulation 4 covering the gasifier interior 9,

the cooling device 7, each with an outwardly directed coolant supply line 13 and coolant discharge line 14 on the first insulation 4,

the second insulation 5 on the cooling device 7,

the gasification substance distribution chamber 3 having the gasification material supply line 12 leading to the outside on either the second insulation 5 or the cooling device 7 with a second insulation 5, the protective gas space 2 with the protective gas supply line 11 led out to the outside, above the gasification substance distribution space 3, the partition wall 16 being located between the protective gas space 2 and the gasification substance distribution space 3,

the protective gas chamber 2 covering the cover 1 with at least one distributor 15 for oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent in connection with the outwardly guided supply line 10 on the inert gas chamber 2,

- Burner 8 and

the third insulation 6 as an insulation 6 surrounding the cooling device 7, the gasification material distribution chamber 3 and the protective gas space 2

on.

2 shows a burner 8 in a basic representation.

In a burner 8, a nozzle tube 17 is arranged in connection with the manifold 15 for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent and the carburetor 9 spaced in a connected to the inert gas chamber 2 shielding gas nozzle tube 18 for inert gas of the inert gas chamber 2, so that the protective gas nozzle tube 18 connects the inert gas chamber 2 with the carburetor interior 9 as the output of the inert gas chamber 2. Furthermore, in the case of a burner 8, the shielding gas nozzle tube 18 is located at a distance in a gasification substance nozzle tube 19 as a connection between the gasification substance distributor space 3 and the carburetor interior 9.

Thus, the nozzle tube 17, the protective gas nozzle tube 18 and the Vergasungsstoff- nozzle tube 19 is a burner 8 with inert gas as a Schleiergas between gasification material and either oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent at the outlet of the burner eighth

This burner device is a burner device in the ATR mode, in which the burners 8 are thermally protected only by the first insulation 4. In one embodiment for a POX mode with higher gasifier internal temperatures up to 1600 ° C, the burners 8 are further thermally protected by cooling water sheaths emanating from and connected to the cooling device 7.

Oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agents which react exothermically with the gasification material are transferred by means of the supply line 10 as a pressure line to the manifold 15, from which the gasification means are passed by means of the nozzle tubes 17 in the carburetor interior 9. The lower parts of the nozzle tubes 17 represent the central tubes of the burner 8 and close with circular outlet nozzles for the Gasification agent to the carburetor interior 9 down. The nozzle tubes 17 are - in the case of the manifold 15 above the lid 1 - guided and fixed at the cover flange of the burner device by separate flange openings.

The protective gases are supplied via the protective gas supply line 11 to the protective gas chamber 2 of the burner device. The protective gas supply line 11 may be connected to an outer tube, a tower-shaped cover attachment in the form of a dome 20 or at another location with the cover flange or the cover 1. The protective gases are conducted by means of the shielding gas nozzle tubes 18, which represent an extension of the inert gas chamber 2 downwards, in the burner 8 and thus in the carburetor interior 9. The lower parts of the shielding gas nozzle tubes 18 represent the central tubes of the burner 8 and close with annular gap outlet nozzles for the protective gases to the carburetor interior 9 back. The protective gas nozzle tubes 18 can move stress-free in the burner device. Each shielding gas nozzle tube 18 encloses in its interior via spacers centrally exactly adjusted, concentrically arranged nozzle tube 17 for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent. Likewise, the annular gap outlet nozzles of the protective gases enclose centrally precisely adjusted, at the same height and concentrically arranged circular outlet nozzles for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent. At the burner exit, the shielding gases act as veiling gases between the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent and the gasification material to dissociate the exothermic combustion reactions from the burner mouth and the cooling device 7. The protective gas components of water vapor and carbon dioxide additionally act as endothermic gasification agents and act through their heat-consuming reactions with the hydrocarbon-containing gasification materials as temperature moderators at the mouth of the burner 8, and thus have an additional thermal protection effect.

In order to effectively prevent leaks or leaks in the oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification entry arrangement from escaping free oxygen contacting the hydrocarbonaceous gasification materials and thereby causing uncontrollable damage to the burner apparatus, the entire oxygen or gas inlet assembly is eliminated oxygen-containing gasification agent within the burner device up to and including the outlet nozzles enclosed by protective gases. Depending on the set burner capacity and the thus prescribed media throughputs, the pressure of the protective gas is always higher, for example by 0.05 to 0.2 bar higher than the pressures of the oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent and the gasification materials within the burner device to the mouth of the burner. 8 If there are any leaks in Registration arrangements of the media therefore always flow protective gases into these defective registration arrangements of the media. This overpressure is guaranteed by correspondingly dimensioned flow resistance of the annular gap outlet nozzles and additional restrictions in the protective gas nozzle tubes 18. In the event of leaks in the entry arrangement for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent or the entry arrangement of the hydrocarbonaceous gasification materials care is taken in this way that neither free oxygen nor gasification substances in the inert gas chamber 2 and the protective gas nozzle tubes 18 to the annular gap outlet nozzles of the protective gases can get. Thus, the separation and inerting function of the inert gas chamber 2 is completely retained under all circumstances.

Gasification materials are fed via the gasification material supply line 12 to the gasification substance distribution chamber 3 of the burner device. The gasification material supply line 12 initially passes through the protective gas space 2. During assembly of the burner device, the cover flange for the burner device is connected to the protective gas space 2 lying underneath. The gasification material supply line 12 with the connected inner tube of the dome 20 is guided through the outer tube of the dome 20 connected to the cover flange as a tower-shaped cover attachment. Thereafter, a spacer is pulled over the gasification material supply line 12 and the inner tube of the mandrel 20 and placed on the outer tube of the mandrel 20. About this spacer following the inner tube and the outer tube are connected to each other by welding. The assembly requires that the gasification material supply line 12 above the associated with him inner tube of the mandrel 20 has a releasable pipe connection such that the spacer can be pulled over and over the inner tube over. Since the gasification substance supply line 12 is thus firmly connected within the protective gas space 2 at two locations, with the upper bottom of the gasification substance distribution space 3 and the inner tube of the dome 20 of the inert gas space 2, the gasification material supply line 12 is within the inert gas space 2 with a compensation for expansion For example, equipped as a U-bend expansion compensation, Lyra bow or Z-bow.

The gasification substances are conducted into the burners 8 and thus into the carburetor interior 9 by means of the gasification material nozzle tubes 19, which represent an extension of the gasification substance distributor space 3 towards the bottom. The lower parts of the gasification material nozzle tubes 19 are the outer tubes of the burner 8 and close with outer annular gap outlet nozzles for the gasification of the burner mouth to the carburetor interior 9 down. The gasification nozzle pipes 19 can move stress-free in the burner apparatus. Each gasification nozzle tube 19 encloses in its interior via a spacer centrally adjusted precisely concentric arranged shielding gas nozzle tube 18 for the protective gases. Likewise, the outer annular gap outlet nozzles of the gasification materials surround the centrally exactly adjusted, at the same height and concentrically arranged annular gap outlet nozzles of the protective gases.

The lower portions of the outside gasification nozzle pipes 19, the center shield gas nozzle pipes 18 of the shielding gases and the inside nozzle pipes 17 for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent form the burner 8. These nozzle pipes 17, 18, 19 are concentric via spacers adjusted to each other. Likewise, the outer annular gap outlet nozzles of the gasification materials, the concentric thereto arranged central annular gap outlet nozzles of the protective gases and concentrically arranged inner circular exit nozzles for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent form the burner mouth. These outlet nozzles are preferably arranged at ambient temperatures at the same height from one another and at the lower end of the first insulation 4. The exothermic and endothermic gasification agents and the gasification substances are thereby preferably injected from an approximately horizontal plane, which corresponds approximately to the lower end of the first insulation 4, in the carburetor interior 9. Through different media temperatures - gasification materials with temperatures up to 650 ° C, protective gases that act as vapors and endothermic gasification agents, with temperatures up to 400 ° C, oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agents with temperatures up to 400 ° C - can be in the operating state these exit nozzles slightly with respect to their vertical orientation to each other by the free vertical possible thermal expansion possibilities of the nozzle tubes move. Furthermore, these outlet nozzles can move slightly downward in the operating state with respect to the lower end of the first insulation 4.

The lid flange of the burner apparatus and the bottoms of the inert gas space 2, the gasification material distribution space 3 and the burner 7 of the burner device are connected to each other with the cylindrical shot of the burner device and with a pilot burner 21. These welds must be dimensioned according to the thermal stress load.

To cool the burner device coolant with temperatures up to about 100 ° C, in particular pressure cooling water, added by means of the coolant supply line 13 as a pressure line, through the cooling device 7 via welded half-tubes or passed other coolant distribution devices and then discharged via the coolant discharge line 14 again.

In the embodiment of the burner apparatus for the POX mode with up to 1600 ° C internal gas temperature, the burners 8 are also cooled by nozzle cooling means. These optional nozzle cooling devices enclose the lower part of the gasification material nozzle tubes 19 as the outer boundary of the burners 8. The optional nozzle cooling devices are preferably designed such that they surround the lower part of the gasification material nozzle tubes 19 in the form of cooling sleeves. However, the burners 8 with these optional nozzle cooling devices are also insulated in this case in the lower first insulation 4. The cooling device 7, the lower first insulation 4 and the optional nozzle cooling devices ensure that the permissible operating temperatures of the metallic materials used for the burner device are not exceeded.

The coolant supply line 13 and the coolant discharge line 14 are enclosed by the lateral third insulation 6 of the burner device and have devices for compensation of thermal expansions.

The first insulation 4 consists for example of preferably layered insulation materials. These are a lower ceramic wear and insulation layer, which images the lower contour of the burner device, and inner ceramic insulation layers. The lower wear and insulation layer withstands the high temperatures and the gas atmosphere of the carburetor interior 9. The inner ceramic insulation layers take over the thermal insulation between the lower ceramic wear and insulation layer and the cooling device 7.

The densely packed and ceramic insulation materials of the lower first insulation 4 and the lateral third insulation 6 give the burner device in addition to the thermal protection of the contour of a compact and closed and largely gas-impermeable body. This largely prevents hot gases from entering the gasifier interior 9 through these insulations 4, 6 and can circulate on the metallic parts of the burner device.

To further prevent gases from flowing out of the carburetor interior 9 upwards in the direction of the radiator device 7 and the cover flange, the burner device is on the underside to the carburetor lining surrounding the carburetor interior 9 positively and via ceramic seals, for example by means of mortar connected. These ceramic gaskets contact the lower first insulation 4 and the lateral third insulation 6 of the burner device.

The burner device may comprise at least one tubular and predominantly vertically extending passage 21, in which the pilot burner and optionally further burners or registration arrangements may be located.

The carburetor cover flange has a tower-shaped cover attachment in the form of the dome 20, which consists of interconnected, usually concentrically arranged tubes and that an outer tube and an upper closed inner tube. The outer tube is connected pressure-tight at the bottom with the cover flange and at the top with the inner tube. The inner tube protrudes upwards beyond the outer tube. The annular distance between the inner tube and the outer tube is sealed pressure-tight with a spacer in the form of a circular ring, preferably in the form of a conical annulus. Through the inner tube, which is closed at its upper end with a lid attachment, the gasification material supply line 12 is performed. Preferably, the dome 20 is also the protective gas supply line 11th

With the present burner device, it becomes possible to distribute the supply of the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent, the gaseous gasification substances and the endothermic gasifying agent over the entire cross section of the carburetor interior 9 so that a predominant piston flow in the carburetor interior 9 is established. The specific thermal power of the carburetor can thus be increased. The carburetor cross section is fully utilized. The burners 8 can be arranged so that the burner flames overlap one another at their lower ends. The burner device is preferably used for carburetor to 100 bar carburetor pressure to further increase the space yield of the carburetor. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 1 lid

2 inert gas space

3 gasification distribution room

4 first isolation

5 second isolation

6 third isolation

7 cooler device

8 burners

9 carburetor interior

10 supply line for oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent

1 1 inert gas supply line

12 gasification feed line

13 coolant supply line

14 coolant discharge line

15 distributors

16 partition

17 nozzle tube

18 shield gas nozzle tube

19 gasification nozzle tube

20 Dom

21 implementation

Claims

claims

1 . Burner device for the partial oxidation of gaseous gasification materials with

a) a first insulation (4) covering the carburetor interior (9),

b) a cooling device (7) each having a coolant supply line (13) and a coolant discharge line (14),

c) a second insulation (5),

d) a gasification substance distributor space (3) having a gasification material supply line (12),

e) a protective gas space (2) with an inert gas supply line (11), wherein a dividing wall (16) is located between the inert gas space (2) and the gasification substance distribution space (3),

f) a protective gas space (2) covering the lid (1) with at least one distributor (15) for oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent in conjunction with a supply line (10) on the inert gas chamber (2), wherein the first insulation (4), the cooling device (7), the gasification material distribution chamber (3), the partition wall (16), the inert gas chamber (2) and the cover (1) successively in the direction of the carburetor interior (9) are arranged away,

g) burners (8), wherein for a burner (8)

- A nozzle tube (17) in connection with the manifold (15) for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent and the carburetor interior (9) spaced in a with the inert gas chamber (2) connected protective gas nozzle tube (18) for inert gas of the inert gas chamber (2) is arranged so that the shielding gas nozzle tube (18) connects the inert gas chamber (2) and the carburetor interior (9) as the output of the inert gas chamber (2),

- Furthermore, the inert gas nozzle tube (18) spaced in a gasification material nozzle tube (19) in conjunction both the gasification material distributor chamber (3) and the carburetor interior (9) and thus

- The nozzle tube (17), the protective gas nozzle tube (18) and the Vergasungsstoff- nozzle tube (19) is a burner (8) with inert gas as a Schleiergas between gasification substance and either oxygen or oxygen-containing gasification agent at the outlet of the burner (8), and

h) a third insulation (6) as an insulation (6) surrounding the cooling device (7), the gasification material distribution chamber (3) and the protective gas space (2).

2. burner device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle tubes (17) through the cover (1) fixed nozzle tubes (17), the protective gas Nozzle tubes (18) through the partition wall (16) fixed inert gas nozzle tubes (18) and the gasification material nozzle tubes (19) through the second insulation (5) and / or the cooling device (7) and / or the first insulation (4) fixed Gasification nozzle pipes (19) are.

3. burner device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first end portions of the nozzle tubes (17) with the cover (1) and the first end portions of the protective gas nozzle tubes (18) are connected to the partition (16), so that the other areas both the nozzle tubes (17) and the protective gas nozzle tubes (18) can expand and contract vertically in accordance with the temperatures.

4. burner device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the gasification material nozzle tube (19) the outer tube, the lower part of the protective gas nozzle tube (18), the middle tube and the nozzle tube (17) for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent central tube for the burner (8), wherein an outer annular gap outlet nozzle as the lower end of the Vergasungsstoff- nozzle tube (19), the middle annular gap outlet nozzle as the lower end of the shielding gas nozzle tube (18) and the central outlet nozzle as the lower end of the Nozzle tube (17) for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent constitute the burner mouth of the burner (8).

5. burner device according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective gas nozzle tubes (18) the gasification material distributor chamber (3) and the nozzle tubes (17) for the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent the inert gas chamber (2) and in each case a protective gas nozzle tube ( 18) and that the protective gas in the protective gas space (2) has an overpressure relative to the gasification substance and either the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gasification agent.

6. burner device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling device (7) are either cooling channels or cooling channels on a cooling plate each for a coolant and that the cooling channels arranged in the third insulation (6) lines as portions of the coolant supply line (13) and the coolant discharge line (14) are connected.

7. Burner device according to claim 6, characterized in that cooling channels are annular, the gasification material nozzle tubes (19) at least partially surrounding cooling channels.

8. burner device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first

Isolation (4) an insulation made of a ceramic with one in the direction of

Carburetor interior (9) facing wear layer to protect against abrasion effects of hot gases.

9. Burner device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first insulation (4) at least one plate-shaped body and the third insulation (6) are a tubular body or that the first insulation (4) and the third insulation (6) is a pot-shaped body are and that the first insulation (4) and the third insulation (6) of the burner device with the carburetor interior (9) enclosing carburetor lining are positively connected and via ceramic seals so that virtually no gases from the carburetor interior (9) upwards in the direction of the lid (1) can flow.

10. Burner device according to claim 1, characterized in that the burner device a protective gas space (2), the partition wall (16), the gasification material distribution chamber (3), the second insulation (5) and the first insulation (4) penetrating tube ais Implementation (21) for at least one pilot burner.