WO2015188391A1 - 一种能与电容触摸屏通信的ic卡及其系统和方法 - Google Patents

一种能与电容触摸屏通信的ic卡及其系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015188391A1
WO2015188391A1 PCT/CN2014/080167 CN2014080167W WO2015188391A1 WO 2015188391 A1 WO2015188391 A1 WO 2015188391A1 CN 2014080167 W CN2014080167 W CN 2014080167W WO 2015188391 A1 WO2015188391 A1 WO 2015188391A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
card
mobile device
data
touch screen
capacitive touch
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/080167
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵飞
Original Assignee
赵飞
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201420309969.2U external-priority patent/CN204155313U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410258989.6A external-priority patent/CN104123644B/zh
Application filed by 赵飞 filed Critical 赵飞
Publication of WO2015188391A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015188391A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/12—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation using a selected wavelength, e.g. to sense red marks and ignore blue marks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of online transactions, and more particularly to a system and method for transacting through an IC card in communication with a capacitive touch screen And IC card.
  • Card usually Read and write through the magnetic stripe card interface, contact card interface, and non-contact interface.
  • a card reader that communicates through a headphone interface or a Bluetooth interface of a mobile device.
  • the emergence of these devices solved two problem.
  • the security of online services in the mobile environment is improved by means of cards and card reading devices.
  • the second is the card under the line Business and online business have been seamlessly integrated. More convenient for cardholders, it also expands and consolidates the market advantage of existing card issuers.
  • the way of this external card reader requires an additional cost to the individual. If you can pass the device without adding extra equipment In this way, mobile devices can directly read and write cards, which will have a greater advantage.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • the existing mobile device's secure interaction requires additional configuration hardware, such as the purchase of expensive card readers. Not only is the cost high, but it also brings great inconvenience to promotion.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve a system, method and IC card for IC card communication by communicating with a capacitive touch screen.
  • additional hardware is required, such as purchasing expensive card reader equipment, which is not only costly, but also brings great promotion to promotion. Inconvenient technical issues.
  • a system for communicating with a capacitive touch screen through an IC card comprising: a mobile device having a capacitive touch screen, IC card, where:
  • the IC card can be attached to the capacitive touch screen of the mobile device to communicate directly with the mobile device to complete the IC card transaction, and Moreover, the side of the IC card facing the capacitive touch screen contains a conductive contact for transmitting an electric field to the mobile device and is used for An optical coupling that converts an optical signal emitted by the capacitive touch screen into an electrical signal;
  • the mobile device sends data to the IC card through the light change generated on the screen, and the IC card senses and obtains through the optocoupler Taking data, the IC card transmits data to the mobile device by generating a changing electric field at the conductive contact, and the capacitive touch of the mobile device The screen recognizes the electric field change as a touch effect and then decodes it into received data.
  • the IC card includes a conductive layer, an insulating layer for insulating between the respective components, and an IC card internal structure, the guide An electrical contact and the optocoupler are disposed on the insulating layer, and the IC card internal structure further includes: an IC card chip: Completing the card function; a modulation/demodulation circuit: disposed between the IC card chip and the conductive contact for using the IC card chip The emitted data is modulated and sent to the conductive contacts; and is disposed between the IC card chip and the optocoupler for light The coupled data is sent to the IC card chip by demodulation.
  • the IC card further includes a power source, and the power source is coupled to the optical coupler for performing bidirectional data on the IC card and the mobile device.
  • the IC card is supplied with power during communication.
  • the IC card further includes an IC card coil disposed in the internal structure of the IC card to complete the non-connection of the IC card and the peripheral device. Touch communication.
  • the IC card further includes an IC card contact disposed on the insulating layer, the IC card contact being exposed to the insulating layer, Physical and electrical contact by the reader device.
  • the surface structure of the IC card is configured to remind the user that the area where the identification is located is placed in the capacitor when the card is operated. Touching the area graphic identifier in the range of the screen, and setting the plurality of places on the opposite surface in the corresponding area of the vertical projection of the graphic identifier Conductive contacts and a plurality of optocouplers.
  • the conductive contacts have n sets, each set being equal to the maximum number of touch points normally supported by the capacitive touch screen, Supports (n+1) encoded data transmission.
  • the optocoupler is provided with filters of different colors for interference immunity and mutual interference immunity.
  • the mobile device further comprises: a capacitive sensing point and a light emitting signal that dynamically receives or generates a signal during operation Point, decoding/encoding engine, the decoding/encoding engine corresponding to the modulation/demodulation circuit to jointly complete the IC card and movement Data transfer between devices.
  • a method for communication between an IC card and a capacitive touch screen includes the following steps:
  • the IC card is attached to the capacitive touch screen of the mobile device to directly communicate with the mobile device to complete the IC card transaction, and
  • the side of the IC card facing the capacitive touch screen includes a conductive contact for transmitting an electric field to the mobile device and for the electrical An optical coupling that converts an optical signal emitted by the touch screen into an electrical signal;
  • the mobile device sends data to the IC card through the light change generated on the screen, and the IC card senses and acquires through the optical coupling Data, the IC card sends data to the mobile device by generating a changing electric field at the conductive point, and the capacitive touch screen of the mobile device will The electric field change is identified as a touch effect and is then decoded into received data.
  • the IC card obtains the screen position through the conductive contacts that are turned on by default: when the card is attached to the screen and starts to work, the mobile device Precisely know the position of the conductive contacts and optocouplers on the IC card to establish data transmission and reception at the corresponding screen position Road.
  • the solution of the mobile device is turned on by default to at least three conductive contacts of the human body.
  • the code engine connects the sensed touch points and compares the shape of the connection with the pre-stored IC card conductive contact map. Match, if matched, record the current sensed conductive contact position and further estimate other non-default conductive contacts and Optocoupler position.
  • the method also includes:
  • the IC card power is turned off by default, and the on is activated by the optocoupler interval selection on.
  • the IC card passes through the modulation circuit to generate an electric field change at the conductive contact to transmit data to the mobile device.
  • Mode, passive capacitor mode and active capacitor mode :
  • the modulation circuit turns the conductive contact to the body through the path of the conductive contact, thereby making the mobile device Recognized as a "touch” / "non-touch” event;
  • the modulation circuit is capable of scanning the pre-sampled touch screen signal in an active manner at the conductive contacts Inverting to send or stop sending, which will weaken or stop weakening the collected capacitance of the touch screen scanning circuit, thereby making the mobile device Recognized as a "touch” / "non-touch” event;
  • the operator is required to keep the finger in contact with the card, which avoids the absence of the operator when the card is absent.
  • the intention is to fit on the surface of mobile devices and be remotely hijacked by Trojans.
  • the method can be used for cardholder online identity authentication, card legality verification, storage, circle, online consumption, transfer, Trading purposes such as trading digital signatures and online updates of card data.
  • An IC card characterized in that an IC card can be attached to a capacitive touch screen of a mobile device and directly communicated with the mobile device
  • the letter completes the IC card transaction, and the IC card includes a conductive layer, an insulating layer for insulating between the respective components, and an IC card internal structure.
  • the conductive contact and the optocoupler are disposed on the insulating layer;
  • the side of the IC card facing the capacitive touch screen contains conductive contacts for transmitting an electric field to the mobile device and for Converting an optical signal emitted by the capacitive touch screen into an optical coupling of an electrical signal;
  • IC card chip used to complete the IC card function
  • a modulation/demodulation circuit disposed between the IC card chip and the conductive contact, for transmitting the number of the IC card chip Modulated and transmitted to the conductive contacts; and disposed between the IC card chip and the optocoupler for data of the optocoupler It is sent to the IC card chip by demodulation.
  • the outer dimensions of the IC card are designed according to a standard card, or are designed according to a non-standard outer shape, and the standard card includes a symbol.
  • the width specified in ISO/IEC7810 is 85.6 mm, the height is 53.98 mm, and the thickness is 0.76 mm.
  • the present invention can realize the secure transaction of the IC card without purchasing an expensive card reader device. This is low and has great scalability.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a system diagram for online transactions through an IC card capable of communicating with a capacitive touch screen
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a schematic diagram of internal components of an IC card
  • 3(a) to 3(b) show an example of a schematic diagram of an external structure of an IC card
  • 4(a) to 4(b) show an example of enabling a user to correctly place an IC card in a screen operation area
  • 5(a) to 5(b) show the indication that the IC card transmits a signal to the capacitive touch screen through the conductive contact in the passive capacitive mode.
  • 6(a)-6(c) show the indication that the IC card transmits a signal to the capacitive touch screen through the conductive contact in the active capacitor mode.
  • FIG. 7(a)-7(b) illustrate an example of a mobile device transmitting data to an IC card through a light-emitting point on the screen
  • 8(a) to 8(b) show an example in which an IC card obtains a screen position by a conductive contact that is turned on by default;
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which a mobile device activates an IC card power source through a specific optical signal
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of a process in which an IC card is attached to a screen before a transaction starts to obtain positioning and power-on;
  • 11(a) to 11(b) show an example of improving the data rate of the IC card transmission by means of n-ary coding (n>2);
  • a new method is proposed that is intended to allow an individual to attach an IC card to a capacitive touch screen of a mobile device.
  • IC card is designed to face the capacitive touch screen One side contains conductive contacts and optocouplers.
  • the mobile device sends data to the IC card through the light changes generated on the screen, while the IC
  • the card senses and acquires data through an optocoupler.
  • the IC card sends data to the mobile device by generating a changing electric field at the conductive contacts,
  • the capacitive touch screen of the mobile device recognizes the electric field change as a touch effect and is then decoded into received data.
  • This method makes the user A mobile device that touches the screen with a support capacitor around it without having to purchase expensive card reader equipment
  • the IC card proposed by the invention can be directly operated to realize functions such as card transaction, authentication, data reading and writing. Expanded the IC card should Use the scene.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a system diagram for online transactions via an IC card capable of communicating with a capacitive touch screen.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a system diagram for online transactions via an IC card capable of communicating with a capacitive touch screen.
  • FIG. 1 shows multiple components that are functionally separated, but such illustrations are for illustrative purposes only. Obviously, the picture depicted in the figure The components can be combined or divided into separate software, firmware and/or hardware components. And, you can understand, no matter what Combine or divide these components, which can be executed on the same host or multiple hosts, and multiple of them can be To connect through one or more networks.
  • the system includes an IC card 10, and an IC card chip 17 included in the IC card 10, and a modulation power.
  • the decoding engine 121, the encoding engine 122, and the transaction engine 130 may also include a transaction host 140.
  • the term "engine” as used herein refers to software, firmware, hardware, or other components used to accomplish a certain purpose.
  • the engine typically includes software instructions stored in non-volatile memory (also known as secondary memory). When executing these software instructions The processor loads at least a portion of the software instructions in a memory (also referred to as main memory). Then the processor executes the save Software instructions in the memory.
  • the processor can be a shared processor, a dedicated processor, or a junction of a shared processor and a dedicated processor. Hehe.
  • a typical program includes calls to hardware components such as I/O devices. This usually requires a driver to be executed. drive The program can be considered as part of the engine or not, but the difference is not important.
  • Transaction master is used here to be used broadly to include online transactions and related certifications.
  • Host device and trading system software for purposes such as query and data synchronization.
  • Transaction Host can have one or more units, which can have There are dual hot standby or load balancing.
  • the transaction host can bring its own or external connection to the transaction database.
  • Trading host generally passes The firewall, router, indirectly obtains a remote connection with the mobile device 100.
  • the mobile device 100 that the IC card 10 interacts with may be, but is not limited to, wherein the mobile device is Mobile phones with capacitive touch screens, including: Apple iPhone, Apple iPod, Apple iPad, Apple iTouch, Google's Android device, Windows mobile device, BlackBerry mobile device, or other operating system mobile device. Take And including at least a capacitive touch screen 110, decoding and encoding as needed, exchanging information with the transaction host for verification Certificate account information, any other portable software, firmware, hardware or other combination that performs transactions and interacts with the card Electronic equipment.
  • the mobile device is Mobile phones with capacitive touch screens, including: Apple iPhone, Apple iPod, Apple iPad, Apple iTouch, Google's Android device, Windows mobile device, BlackBerry mobile device, or other operating system mobile device.
  • Typical components of mobile device 100 may include, but are not limited to, a persistent memory (eg, a flash ROM), Machine access memory (eg SRAM), camera, battery, LCD driver, capacitive touch screen, cellular antenna, speaker, Bluetooth circuit and WIFI circuit.
  • a persistent memory eg, a flash ROM
  • Machine access memory eg SRAM
  • camera battery
  • LCD driver capacitive touch screen
  • cellular antenna e.g., Bluetooth circuit
  • WIFI circuit trademark of WiFI circuit
  • the persistent storage can contain programs, applications, and/or operating systems of the mobile device System.
  • the IC card can be a financial IC card, a public transportation IC card, a stored value IC card, a security authentication IC card, and an identity ID.
  • the IC card, its size can be designed with a standard IC card The same, can also be different.
  • the IC card can also add magnetic strips to facilitate traditional card reading devices, such as desktop readers. It is accepted on equipment such as self-service teller machines and ATM machines.
  • an IC card which may include:
  • a housing for encapsulating various parts and circuits within the IC card includes a conductive layer (upper surface) and an insulating layer (lower surface and Side) and the internal structure of the IC card.
  • the internal structure of the IC card mainly refers to the structure encapsulated therein.
  • IC card internal structure can include IC card chip, IC card coil, power supply.
  • Insulation layer includes IC card contacts, conductive contacts and optocoupler 15 (these structures are behind) The sequel will focus on the introduction and is only briefly explained). among them:
  • the IC card coil has this component if the IC card has a contactless communication interface. If the IC card is contact communication, Then there can be no IC card coil.
  • the IC card chip refers to a chip that is encapsulated inside the IC card and completes the function of the IC card card. From the perspective of internal function division, The transaction module 171, the IO module 172, the processor module 173, the key module 174, and the storage module 175 are typically included. among them The transaction module is used to complete the card authentication, consumption, recharge, deposit, circle, encryption and decryption, digital signature and other services. transaction The module can be implemented by logic, or by the card operating system (COS) and card running on the processor module. Implemented in software.
  • COS card operating system
  • a modulation/demodulation circuit for performing data transmission and reception and codec processing between an IC card and a mobile device.
  • the power supply supplies power to the IC card when the IC card performs two-way data communication with the mobile device.
  • IC card contact if the IC card has a contact communication interface, it has this component.
  • the IC card contacts are exposed to the insulation layer. It can be physically and electrically contacted by the card reader device.
  • the conductive contacts are exposed to the insulating layer.
  • the optocoupler 15 is configured to convert an optical signal emitted by the screen of the mobile device into an electrical signal.
  • the optocoupler is exposed to the insulating layer and can be straight Connect to the external light source.
  • the photocoupler 15 can be a photoresistor, a photodiode, a phototransistor, or A CMOS image sensor or a CCD image sensor, or a combination of the above devices.
  • the size of the IC card is designed according to standard cards or according to a non-standard form factor.
  • the IC card includes the standard card size in accordance with ISO/IEC7810, that is, the width is 85.6mm, the height is 53.98mm, and the thickness is 0.76mm.
  • the IC card can communicate with the system according to existing industry standards, including: contact card interface according to ISO7816 and other standards. Letter, or ISO14443, ISO15693, ISO18000 and other standards for non-contact card interface communication, or ISO7811 standard Magnetic stripe card interface communication. In the standard communication mode, the corresponding card reading device is required.
  • the IC card can also be set to the screen communication mode, which means that the IC card can be communicated through the capacitive touch screen of the mobile device.
  • Letter no special card reading equipment is required. It is required that the user's finger maintains continuous contact with the IC card during communication. From this request It is the role of allowing users to personally confirm the current business. Can avoid the situation where the user is not at the business site, IC card industry It was hijacked by hackers such as Trojans.
  • the IC card In the screen communication mode, the IC card is turned on by no less than three conductive contacts by default.
  • Application software After prompting the user to attach the IC card to the screen, the mobile device can calculate the IC card by sensing the position of the conductive contact. Outline and position. And automatically complete the positional positioning of the IC card optocoupler or other non-conducting conductive contacts, which is accurate for subsequent communication Ready.
  • the IC card in the screen communication mode, in order to adapt to the lower communication rate in the screen communication mode, the IC card can provide one A set of proprietary online trading instruction sets that reduce the amount of communication data.
  • the IC card and its specific communication method are specifically described below.
  • FIG. 2 shows an internal structure of an IC card 10 that can communicate with a capacitive touch screen, including: a conductive layer 11, an insulating layer 12. Modulation circuit 13, demodulation circuit 14, optocoupler 15, conductive contact 16, IC card chip 17, and battery 18.
  • IC card contact 20 can choose IC card contact 20 according to ISO7816 specification, or you can choose to comply with ISO14443 or IC card induction coil 19 of ISO15693 specification.
  • the conductive layer 11 shown in Figure 2 facing the capacitive touch screen, faces away from the screen towards the card holder.
  • Conductive medium The quality can cover the entire upper surface of the card, or it can be a partial area. When using local area conduction, it should have a certain The area identifier to remind the cardholder to keep the finger in contact with the area.
  • the insulating layer 12 shown in Figure 2 faces the screen and is facing away from the cardholder during communication with the capacitive touch screen. Insulation 12 is used to protect the card and to isolate the optocoupler 15, the conductive contact 16 and the IC card contact 20. Further explanation The insulating layer 12 maintains insulation between the IC card contacts 20 (if present), the conductive contacts 16, and the optocouplers 15. When the conductive contact When there is more than one of 16, the conductive contacts 16 are also insulated from each other.
  • a modulation circuit 13 shown in FIG. 2 for modulating data sent from the IC card chip 17 and transmitting it to the conductive contacts 16 on.
  • the modulation circuit can be passively capacitive, see Figure 5(a) - Figure 5(b). Active capacitors can also be used. See Figure 6(a) - Figure 6(c).
  • the demodulation circuit 14 shown in FIG. 2 is used to shape and decode the electrical signals sent by the optocoupler 15. And forwarded to the IC Card chip 17. See Figure 7(a) - Figure 7(b).
  • the optocoupler 15 shown in FIG. 2 can have a color filter to improve the anti-interference by filtering non-specified color light.
  • the optocoupler can have multiples to increase the rate at which the card receives data.
  • the optocoupler 15 shown in FIG. 2 can be a photoresistor, a photodiode, a phototransistor, or a CMOS image. Sensor or CCD image sensor, or a combination of the above.
  • the conductive contact 16 shown in Figure 2 is for transmitting an electric field signal change to the capacitive touch screen.
  • the conductive contact 16 can be composed of Made of metal or injectable material that penetrates the conductive medium.
  • the conductive contacts 16 may have multiples to improve the card sending data. rate.
  • the IC card chip 17 shown in FIG. 2 is used to complete the IC card transaction function.
  • IC card chip Generally adopted in accordance with ISO7816 and ISO14443 Specification, or other industry specifications, such as the EMV specification, the PBOC specification IC card chip.
  • Typical IC card chip is packaged on the hardware Including FLASH, processor, key security module, coprocessor, IO communication, clock, random number generator, etc.; in software A card operating system (COS) and card application are built in.
  • COS card operating system
  • IC card chips also load personalized data when personalized.
  • the power supply 18 shown in Figure 2 includes a battery and power control circuitry.
  • the power supply 18 can be turned on by a specific signal. Into the open state. And return to the off state when the signal is not received within a certain period of time. In this patent, the electricity from the optocoupler 15 is passed. The signal controls the power source 18 to be turned on.
  • FIG. 3(a) to 3(b) show a typical external structure of the IC card 10 capable of communicating with a capacitive touch screen.
  • Figure 3 (a) shows the structure of the upper surface of the IC card 10 (toward the card holder), and the area graphic identifier 30 is used to remind the user to operate the card. When you need to place the area of the logo 30 in the range of the capacitive touch screen.
  • Figure 3 (b) shows the lower surface of the IC card (towards the capacitive touch Touch the screen) structure.
  • a plurality of electrically conductive contacts 16 and a plurality of optocouplers 15 are located in regions corresponding to the vertical projection of the graphic indicia 30.
  • This embodiment adopts a circular layout for the logo 30, but does not limit other shape layouts, such as rectangular, polygonal or irregular shapes. Wait.
  • 4(a) to 4(b) show an example in which the user correctly places the IC card in the screen operation area. Regardless of the operator The plane intersection angle places the card on the capacitive touch screen surface of the mobile device 100 as long as the logo 30 is within the screen area, The card will work properly.
  • Fig. 5(a) shows that the IC card 10 transmits the logic signal '0' in the passive capacitive mode.
  • the relay 131 is turned off.
  • the electrical connection between the human body electric field and the conductive contacts 16 is broken.
  • the high frequency drive signal from the capacitive screen scan line 116 will be mainly
  • the capacitive screen column scan line 115 is received.
  • Cp is the mutual coupling of the scan lines capacity.
  • the touch screen scanning circuit recognizes the "non-touch" state, and the decoding engine decodes the state into a logical letter. No. '0'.
  • Fig. 5(b) shows that the IC card 10 transmits the logic signal '1' in the passive capacitive mode.
  • the relay 131 is turned on.
  • the electrical field of the human body is electrically connected to the conductive contacts 16.
  • the high frequency drive signal from the capacitive screen row scan line 116 will be part of Received by the capacitive screen column scan line 115, a part of which is shunted and absorbed by the human body, and the capacitive touch screen scans to obtain a capacitance.
  • Cx' Cp-Ci.
  • Ci is the equivalent capacitance of the human body.
  • the touch screen scanning circuit recognizes the difference between Cx' and Cx. In the "touch" state, the decoding engine decodes the state into a logic signal '1'.
  • FIG. 6(a)-6(c) show the IC card 10 transmitting signals to the capacitive touch screen through the conductive contacts 16 in the active capacitive mode.
  • modulation circuit 13 has sampling circuit 132, frequency locking circuit 133 and inverting Drive circuit 134.
  • the sampling circuit 132 performs signal coupling and sampling (AD conversion) from the conductive contacts 16.
  • Frequency lock circuit 133 points The signal transmitted by the sampling circuit 132 is analyzed, and frequency analysis and restoration (DA conversion) are performed, and the phase is sent to the inverting driving circuit 134. The same frequency signal.
  • the inverting driving circuit 134 inverts and amplifies the signal sent from the frequency locking circuit, and sends it to the signal Electrical contact 16.
  • Fig. 6(a) shows the IC card 10 transmitting a logic signal '0' in the active capacitive mode.
  • the modulation circuit 13 is at Silent state.
  • the conductive contacts 16 do not form an electric field effect on the capacitive touch screen.
  • High frequency emitted by the capacitive screen scanning line 116 The drive signal will be primarily received by the capacitive screen column scan line 115.
  • Cp is The scan lines are coupled to each other in capacitance.
  • the touch screen scanning circuit will recognize the "non-touch" state, and the decoding engine will State decoded into logic signal '0'
  • Ca is the negative electric field capacitance caused by the inverting drive circuit.
  • the frequency of the driving scan signal is always fixed due to the same capacitive touch screen. Therefore, in order to reduce costs. It is possible to equip one conductive contact with one sampling circuit and one frequency locking circuit. its The remaining conductive contacts replace the sampling circuit with a simpler trigger circuit and share a unique frequency-locked circuit signal.
  • FIG. 7(a) to 7(b) show an example in which a mobile device transmits data to the IC card 10.
  • the demodulation circuit 14 of the IC card 10 is from The photocoupler 15 receives the electrical signal and decodes it into serial bit stream data for transmission to the IC card chip.
  • Modulation circuit 14 includes shaping circuit 141 and shift register 142. In an embodiment a plurality of optocouplers and a plurality of shaping circuits share a shift register.
  • Figure 7(a) shows the mobile device transmitting a logical signal '0'.
  • the mobile device is at the light-emitting point 112 of the corresponding optocoupler 15, Keep the corresponding pixel in the "black” state.
  • the optocoupler does not sense the light, does not perform photoelectric conversion, and the shaping circuit 141 sends out '0'
  • the level is buffered by the shift register into a bit signal and sent to the IC card chip in serial timing.
  • Figure 7(b) shows the mobile device transmitting a logical signal '1'.
  • the mobile device is at the light-emitting point 112 of the corresponding optocoupler 15, Keep the corresponding pixels in the "colored" lighting state.
  • the color of the emitted light is the same as the color of the optocoupler's filter.
  • Optocoupler sensing The light is photoelectrically converted, and the shaping circuit 141 sends a '1' level, which is buffered by the shift register into a bit signal, and is directed to the IC.
  • the card chip is sent in the serial timing.
  • 8(a) to 8(b) show an example in which the IC card obtains screen positioning by a conductive contact that is turned on by default. Bonding on the card When you get to the screen and start working, the mobile device needs to know exactly the position of the conductive contacts and optocouplers on the IC card so that The screen position establishes a data transmission and reception channel.
  • FIG. 8(a) shows that the IC card 10 always turns on a plurality of conductive contacts 16 to the conductive layer 11 by default. Whether it is passive capacitor The type is also active capacitor.
  • Fig. 8(b) shows the IC card 10 after being initially placed in the screen area.
  • the decoding engine of the mobile device connects the touched touch points, and divides the connection shape and the pre-stored IC card conductive contacts. The layout is matched. If it matches, record the current sensed conductive contact position and further estimate other non-default conduction Conductive contacts and optocoupler locations.
  • the IC card power is turned off by default.
  • a specific signal is required to activate the turn-on.
  • This embodiment uses The optocoupler senses the signal to activate.
  • the embodiment proceeds In one step, the optocoupler interval is selected to be turned on.
  • Figure 9 shows the mobile device at adjacent illumination points a', b', c', d'. Signals are sent to the corresponding optocouplers a, b, c, d.
  • the power switch circuit is pre-logically identified by the inverter and the AND gate. This avoids the possibility of external glare with no difference in false opening.
  • Figure 10 is a complete example of the process of attaching the IC card to the screen before the transaction starts, and obtaining the process of positioning and power-on.
  • 11(a) to 11(b) show an example of increasing the data rate of the IC card transmission by means of n-ary encoding (n>2).
  • Figure 12 (a) - Figure 12 (h) shows an example of an IC card electronic cash deposit transaction flow, which is for other transactions, such as Lifting, online consumption, transfer, online certification, etc. also have reference significance.
  • Figure 12(a) shows the system prompting the user to enter the transaction amount before the transaction begins.
  • Figure 12 (b) shows the system followed Prompt the user to enter a password.
  • Figure 12(c) shows the system prompting the user to attach the card to the designated area of the screen.
  • Figure 12 (d) shows the system Get the card positioning.
  • Figure 12(e) shows the system authenticating the card, where the authentication can be done by symmetric key or non- A symmetric key is made. In addition to the authentication of the card, this step also authenticates the password, which is encrypted by the card and After the digital signature, it is sent back to the transaction host.
  • Figure 12(f) shows card-to-system authentication to prevent phishing sites and phishing apps Attack, where authentication can be done with a symmetric key or an asymmetric key.
  • Figure 12 (g) shows the card after passing various certificates The film begins to update the electronic cash offline balance.
  • Figure 13 (h) shows that after the transaction is completed, the system displays the post-transaction balance and mentions The user is removed from the card.

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Abstract

一种能与电容触摸屏通信的IC卡及其系统和方法，该方法预期使个人将IC卡贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上，直接与移动设备通信，从而完成IC卡交易。IC卡（10）被设计成朝向电容触摸屏幕（110）的一面含有导电触点（16）和光耦（15）。移动设备（100）通过屏幕上产生的光线变化向IC卡（10）发送数据，而IC卡（10）通过光耦感应和获取数据。IC卡通过在导电触点（16）生成变化的电场向移动设备发送数据，而移动设备（100）的电容触摸屏幕（110）将电场变化识别为触摸效应并随之解码成接收数据。这种方法使用户能够在不必购买昂贵的读卡器设备的情况下，通过身边的支持电容触摸屏幕的移动设备，就可以直接操作IC卡，实现卡片交易、认证、数据读写，拓展了IC卡应用场景。

Description

一种能与电容触摸屏通信的IC卡及其系统和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及网上交易领域，尤其涉及通过与电容触摸屏通信的IC卡来交易的系统、方法 和IC卡。
背景技术
在传统商业活动中，存在大量基于卡片的交易。例如通过信用卡、借记卡、预付卡等在 POS机上购物。通过信用卡和借记卡在自动取款机(ATM)上可以取现金或进行转账、还款、缴 费、圈存、圈提等操作。
现有的卡片依赖于专门的读卡器设备进行处理，如POS、ATM、柜面读卡器等。卡片通常 通过磁条卡界面、接触卡界面、非接触界面进行读写。
随着以iPhone和安卓为代表的移动设备的普及。移动环境下联机交易类业务通过手机 App的方式在手机和平板上得到推广。如手机银行、手机钱包、第三方支付应用等。由于手 机缺乏专门内置的安全硬件单元。这些交易类操作暴露在开放环境下，极易受到安全攻击。 此外这类应用依赖于联机账户体系，与基于卡片的业务不能很好的结合。
为了满足移动环境下联机交易的需求，出现了一些结合移动设备的外置式小型读卡器， 比如通过移动设备的耳机接口或蓝牙接口进行通信的读卡器。这些设备的出现，解决了两个 问题。一是借助卡片和读卡设备，提高了移动环境下联机业务的安全性。二是将线下的卡片 业务和线上业务做了无缝整合。更方便持卡人，也拓展和巩固了现有发卡组织的市场优势。 但这种外置读卡器的方式，需要额外增加个人持有的成本。如果能够通过不额外增加设备的 方式，就能让移动设备直接读写卡片，将具有更大的优势。
市场上出现了一种新技术,近距场通信(NFC)。支持NFC技术的移动设备，具有直接访问 卡片的能力。作为一种非强制性的配置要求，目前支持NFC的移动设备还比较有限。如果有 一种方法，能够不依赖NFC这样的特殊装置，只需要利用移动设备普遍具有的装置(如电容 触摸屏幕)就能读写卡片，将具有更大的优势。
也就是说，现有的移动设备的安全交互方式需要额外配置硬件，如购买昂贵的读卡器设 备不仅成本高，而且给推广带来极大的不方便。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于一种通过与电容触摸屏通信的IC卡交易的系统、方法和IC卡，以解决 现有技术中要额外配置硬件，如购买昂贵的读卡器设备不仅成本高，而且给推广带来极大的 不方便的技术问题。
移动设备已经广泛采用多点电容触摸屏，可以将触摸事件编码成数据，这使得通过过电 容触摸屏向手机发送数据变为可能。
一种通过IC卡与电容触摸屏通信的系统，其特征在于，包括具有电容触摸屏的移动设备、 IC卡，其中：
IC卡可贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上，直接与移动设备通信以完成IC卡交易，并 且，所述IC卡朝向电容触摸屏幕的一面含有用于向移动设备传递电场的导电触点和用于将所 述电容触摸屏发出的光信号转换成电信号的光耦；
所述移动设备通过屏幕上产生的光线变化向IC卡发送数据，而IC卡通过光耦感应和获 取数据，IC卡通过在导电触点生成变化的电场向移动设备发送数据，而移动设备的电容触摸 屏将电场变化识别为触摸效应并随之解码成接收数据。
较佳地，IC卡包括导电层、用于各个部件之间绝缘的绝缘层和IC卡内部结构，所述导 电触点和所述光耦设置在所述绝缘层上，所述IC卡内部结构进一步包括：IC卡芯片：用于 完成卡功能；调制/解调电路：设置在所述IC卡芯片与所述导电触点之间，用于将IC卡芯片 发出的数据进行调制并发送到导电触点上；及设置在IC卡芯片与所述光耦之间，用于将光 耦的数据通过解调方式发送至所述IC卡芯片上。
较佳地，IC卡还包括电源，所述电源连接光耦，用于在IC卡与移动设备进行双向数据 通信时向所述IC卡提供电力。
较佳地，IC卡还包括设置在IC卡内部结构内的IC卡线圈，以完成IC卡与外设的非接 触通信。
较佳地，IC卡还包括设置在绝缘层的IC卡触点，所述IC卡触点外露于所述绝缘层，可 被读卡器设备物理和电气接触。
较佳地，IC卡一表面结构设置用于提醒用户在操作卡片时需要将标识所在区域置于电容 触摸屏幕范围内的区域图形标识，其对立面上在图形标识垂直投影对应区域内设置其多个所 述导电触点和多个光耦。
较佳地，导电触点具有n组，每组数量为等同于电容触摸屏通常支持的最大触摸点数，以 支持(n+1)进制编码数据发送。
较佳地，光耦配置有用于抗干扰和抗互扰的不同颜色的滤光片。
较佳地，移动设备进一步包括：在工作过程中动态接收或产生信号的电容感应点和发光 点、解码/编码引擎，所述解码/编码引擎与调制/解调电路相对应，以共同完成IC卡与移动 设备之间的数据传输。
一种IC卡与电容触摸屏通信方法，包括以下步骤：
IC卡贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上，直接与移动设备通信以完成IC卡交易，并且， 所述IC卡朝向电容触摸屏的一面含有用于向移动设备传递电场的导电触点和用于将所述电 容触摸屏发出的光信号转换成电信号的光耦；
所述移动设备通过屏幕上产生的光线变化向IC卡发送数据，而IC卡通过光耦感应和获取 数据，IC卡通过在导电点生成变化的电场向移动设备发送数据，而移动设备的电容触摸屏将 电场变化识别为触摸效应并随之解码成接收数据。
IC卡通过默认导通的导电触点获得屏幕定位：在卡片贴合到屏幕并开始工作时，移动设 备精确知道IC卡上导电触点和光耦的位置，以便在对应的屏幕位置建立起数据发送和接收通 道。
IC卡在初始放置到屏幕区域后，通过默认导通人体的至少三个导电触点，移动设备的解 码引擎将感应到的触摸点进行连线，并将连线形状和事先存储的IC卡导电触点分布图进行匹 配，如匹配，则记录当前感应到的导电触点位置，并进一步推算其他非默认导通导电触点和 光耦位置。
该方法还包括：
IC卡电源默认关闭，通过光耦间隔选择开启的方式来激活开启。
IC卡通过调制电路，在导电触点生成电场变化，以便向移动设备发送数据，调制有两种 方式，被动电容方式和主动电容方式：
被动电容方式下，调制电路通过接通或断开导电触点到人体的通路，从而使移动设备将 之识别为“触摸”/“非触摸”事件；
主动电容方式下，调制电路能够将预采样的触摸屏扫描信号，以有源的方式在导电触点 反相送出或停止送出，这将削弱或停止削弱触摸屏扫描电路的采集电容量，从而使移动设备 识别为“触摸”/“非触摸”事件；
以上通过调制产生的持续的“触摸”/“非触摸”事件序列将进一步被解码引擎解码为 数据的“1”/“0”位序列。
卡片交易过程中，要求操作者保持手指与卡片的接触，这避免了操作者不在场时，卡片无 意中贴合在移动设备表面，被木马进行远程劫持的可能。
其方法可以用于持卡人联机身份认证、卡片合法性验证、圈存、圈提、联机消费、转账、 交易数字签名、卡片数据在线更新在内的交易用途。
一种IC卡，其特征在于：IC卡可贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上，直接与移动设备通 信以完成IC卡交易，IC卡包括导电层、用于各个部件之间绝缘的绝缘层和IC卡内部结构， 所述导电触点和所述光耦设置在所述绝缘层上；
所述IC卡朝向电容触摸屏幕的一面含有用于向移动设备传递电场的导电触点和用于将 所述电容触摸屏发出的光信号转换成电信号的光耦；
IC卡芯片：用于完成IC卡功能；
调制/解调电路：设置在所述IC卡芯片与所述导电触点之间，用于将IC卡芯片发出的数 据进行调制并发送到导电触点上；及设置在IC卡芯片与所述光耦之间，用于将光耦的数据 通过解调方式发送至所述IC卡芯片上。
所述IC卡的外形尺寸按标准卡片设计，或按非标准的外形尺寸设计，所述标准卡包括符 合ISO/IEC7810规定的宽度85.6mm，高度53.98mm，厚度0.76mm。
与现有技术相比，本发明不需要额外购买昂贵的读卡器设备即可实现IC卡安全交易，成 本低，并且具有极强的扩展性。
相关领域的上述示例和其有关的限制旨在使说明性的不是排他性的。当阅读说明书和研 究附图时，相关领域的其他限制将变得清楚。
附图说明
图1示出通过能与电容触摸屏通信的IC卡进行联机交易的系统示意图的范例；
图2示出IC卡内部部件示意图的范例；
图3(a)-图3(b)示出IC卡外部结构示意图的范例；
图4(a)-图4(b)示出使用户正确将IC卡放在屏幕操作区域的范例；
图5(a)-图5(b)示出被动电容方式下，IC卡通过导电触点向电容触摸屏发送信号的示 意图的范例；
图6(a)-图6(c)示出主动电容方式下，IC卡通过导电触点向电容触摸屏发送信号的示 意图的范例；
图7(a)-图7(b)示出移动设备通过屏幕上发光点向IC卡发送数据的范例；
图8(a)-图8(b)示出IC卡通过默认导通的导电触点获得屏幕定位的范例；
图9示出移动设备通过特定光信号启动IC卡电源的范例；
图10示出IC卡在交易开始前贴合屏幕，获得定位和电源开启的流程的范例；
图11(a)-图11(b)示出通过n进制编码(n>2)的方式，提高IC卡发送数据速率的范例；
图12(a)-图12(h)示出IC卡电子现金圈存交易流程的范例；
具体实施方式
在附图中，方法是作为示例而不是作为限制说明的，附图中类似的附图标记表示类似的 元件。应当注意，本发明公开中引用的“一个”或“一些”实施例不一定指相同实施例，这 种应用意味着至少一个。
提出了一种新方法，该新方法预期使个人将IC卡贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上， 直接与移动设备通信，从而完成IC卡交易的系统和方法。IC卡被设计成朝向电容触摸屏幕 的一面含有导电触点和光耦。移动设备通过屏幕上产生的光线变化向IC卡发送数据，而IC 卡通过光耦感应和获取数据。IC卡通过在导电触点生成变化的电场向移动设备发送数据，移 动设备的电容触摸屏幕将电场变化识别为触摸效应并随之解码成接收数据。这种方法使用户 能够在不必购买昂贵的读卡器设备的情况下，通过身边的支持电容触摸屏幕的移动设备，就 可以直接操作本发明提出的IC卡，实现卡片交易、认证、数据读写等功能。拓展了IC卡应 用场景。
图1示出通过能与电容触摸屏通信的IC卡进行联机交易的系统示意图的范例。虽然示意 图将多个部件示出为在功能上分离，但是这种图示仅用于说明用途。很明显，该图中描绘的 部件可以任意组合或划分成分离的软件，固件和/或硬件部件。而且，还可以理解，无论如何 组合或划分这些部件，这些部件都能够在同一主机或多个主机上执行，并且其中多个主机可 以通过一个或多个网络连接。
在图1的范例中，系统包括了IC卡10，以及IC卡10所包含的IC卡芯片17、调制电 路13、解调电路14、导电触点16和光耦15；还包括了移动设备100，以及移动设备所具有 的电容触摸屏110、电容触摸屏110在工作过程中动态产生的电容感应点111和发光点112、 解码引擎121、编码引擎122、交易引擎130；还可以包括交易主机140。
这里所述的术语“引擎”指的是软件、固件、硬件或用来实现某种目的的其他部件。引 擎通常会包括存储在非易失性存储器(也称为次存储器)中软件指令。当执行这些软件指令 时，处理器将软件指令的至少一部分装在存储器(也称为主存储器)内。然后处理器执行存 储器中的软件指令。处理器可以是共用处理器、专用处理器或共用处理器和专用处理器的结 合。通常的程序包括对硬件部件(例如I/O设备)的调用。这通常需要执行驱动程序。驱动 程序可以认为是或不是引擎的一部分，但是这种区别并不重要。
这里使用的术语“交易主机”，宽泛的用来包括用于进行联机交易以及相关的认证、查 询、数据同步等用途的主机设备和交易系统软件。“交易主机”可以有一台或多台，可以具 有双机热备或负载均衡。交易主机可以自带或外部连接交易数据库。交易主机一般通过通过 防火墙、路由器，间接的与移动设备100获得远程联接。
在图1的范例中，IC卡10所交互的移动设备100可以是但不限于其中所述移动设备是 具有电容式触摸屏幕的移动电话，包括：苹果iPhone、苹果iPod、苹果iPad、苹果iTouch、 谷歌的安卓设备、windows的移动设备、黑莓的移动设备，或其他操作系统的移动设备。以 及包括至少带有具有电容触摸屏110，在需要时进行解码和编码，与交易主机交换信息以验 证用户的账户信息，执行交易并与卡片交互的软件、固件、硬件或其他组合的任何其他便携 式电子设备。移动设备100的典型部件可以包括但不限于永久性存储器(例如快闪ROM)、随 机存取存储器(例如SRAM)、照相机、电池、LCD驱动器、电容触摸屏、蜂窝天线、扬声器、 蓝牙电路和WIFI电路。其中永久性存储器可以包含移动设备的程序、应用程序和/或操作系 统。
同样，IC卡，可以是金融IC卡、公共交通IC卡、储值IC卡、安全认证IC卡、身份ID 卡、数据存储IC卡或其他类型IC卡的一种。并且，IC卡，其尺寸可以设计成与标准IC卡 相同，也可以不同。另外，IC卡还可以增加磁条，以便于在传统的读卡设备，如台式读卡器、 自助柜员机、ATM机等设备上受理。
即，一种IC卡，其可以包括：
壳体，用于封装IC卡内各零件和电路。壳体包括了导电层(上表面)、绝缘层(下表面及 侧面)及IC卡内部结构。IC卡内部结构主要是指封装在其内的结构。IC卡内部结构可以包括 IC卡芯片、IC卡线圈、电源。绝缘层内包括IC卡触点、导电触点和光耦15(这些结构在后 续会着重介绍，现仅简单说明)。其中：
IC卡线圈，如果IC卡具有非接触通信界面，则具有该部件。如果IC卡为接触式通信， 则可以没有IC卡线圈。
IC卡芯片，指封装在IC卡内部，完成IC卡卡片功能的芯片，从内部功能划分的角度， 通常包括交易模块171，IO模块172，处理器模块173、密钥模块174，存储模块175。其中 交易模块用于完成卡片的认证、消费、充值、圈存、圈提、加解密、数字签名等业务。交易 模块可以通过逻辑电路实现，也可以通过运行在处理器模块上的卡片操作系统(COS)和卡片应 用软件实现。
调制/解调电路，用于在IC卡和移动设备之间进行数据收发和编解码处理。
电源，在IC卡与移动设备进行双向数据通信时，向IC卡提供电源。
IC卡触点，如果IC卡具有接触通信界面时，则具有该部件。IC卡触点外露于绝缘层， 可以被读卡器设备物理地和电气地接触。
导电触点，用于调制解调电路向移动设备传递电场。导电触点外露于绝缘层。
光耦15，用于将移动设备屏幕发出的光信号转换成电信号。光耦外露于绝缘层，可以直 接感知到外部光源。并且，光耦15，可以是光敏电阻、光敏二极管、光敏三极管，也可以是 CMOS图像传感器或CCD图像传感器，或上述器件的组合应用。
IC卡的外形尺寸按标准卡片设计，或按非标准的外形尺寸设计，其中，按标准卡片设计 时，IC卡包括符合ISO/IEC7810规定的标准卡尺寸，即宽度85.6mm，高度53.98mm，厚度 0.76mm。
IC卡可以按已有行业标准与系统进行通信，包括：按ISO7816等标准进行接触卡界面通 信，或ISO14443、ISO15693、ISO18000等标准进行非接触卡界面通信，或ISO7811标准进行 磁条卡界面通信。在标准通信模式下，需要相应的读卡设备。
IC卡还可以设置为屏幕通信模式，其是指IC卡可以通过移动设备的电容触摸屏进行通 信，不需要专门的读卡设备。要求在通信过程中用户手指保持与IC卡的持续接触。该要求起 到了让用户对当前业务进行亲自确认的作用。可以避免用户不在业务现场的情况下，IC卡业 务被木马等黑客行为劫持。
在屏幕通信模式，IC卡在非工作状态下，会默认导通不少于三个导电触点。当应用软件 提示用户将IC卡贴合到屏幕后，移动设备可以通过所感应到导电触点的位置推算出IC卡的 轮廓和位置。并自动完成对IC卡光耦或其他未导通导电触点的位置定位，为后继通信做好准 备。并且，屏幕通信模式，为了适应在屏幕通信模式下的较低的通信速率，IC卡可以提供一 套专有的联机交易指令集，减少通信数据量。
实施例：
以下具体说明IC卡及其具体的通信方式。
图2示出能与电容触摸屏通信的IC卡10具有的内部结构，包括了：导电层11、绝缘层 12、调制电路13、解调电路14、光耦15、导电触点16、IC卡芯片17、电池18。此外为了 兼容传统IC卡，可以选配符合ISO7816规范的IC卡触点20，也可以选配符合ISO14443或 ISO15693规范的IC卡感应线圈19。
图2所示的导电层11，在和电容触摸屏幕通信过程中，背向屏幕，朝向持卡人。导电介 质可以覆盖整个卡片上表面，也可以是局部区域。采用局部区域导电的方式时，应具有一定 的区域标识，以提醒持卡人将手指和该区域保持接触。
图2所示的绝缘层12，在和电容触摸屏幕通信过程中，朝向屏幕，背向持卡人。绝缘层 12用于保护卡片，以及用于将光耦15、导电触点16和IC卡触点20进行隔离。进一步说明 绝缘层12，使IC卡触点20(如果存在)、导电触点16、光耦15之间保持绝缘。当导电触点 16多于一个时，导电触点16之间也保持绝缘。
图2所示的调制电路13，用于将IC卡芯片17发出的数据进行调制，并发送到导电触点 16上。调制电路可以采用被动电容方式，参见图5(a)-图5(b)。也可以采用主动电容方式， 参见图6(a)-图6(c)。
图2所示的解调电路14，用于将光耦15所上送的电信号进行整形和解码。并转发给IC 卡芯片17。参见图7(a)-图7(b)。
图2所示的光耦15，可以具有颜色滤光片，通过过滤非指定颜色光线，来提高抗干扰性。 光耦可以具有多个，以提高卡片接收数据的速率。
图2所示的光耦15，可以是光敏电阻、光敏二极管、光敏三极管，也可以是CMOS图像 传感器或CCD图像传感器，或上述材料的组合。
图2所示的导电触点16，用于向电容触摸屏幕传递电场信号变化。导电触点16可以由 金属或渗透导电介质的可注塑材料制作。导电触点16可以具有多个，以提高卡片发送数据的 速率。
图2所示的IC卡芯片17，用于完成IC卡交易功能。一般采用符合ISO7816和ISO14443 规范，或其他行业规范，如EMV规范、PBOC规范的IC卡芯片。典型的IC卡芯片在硬件上包 括了FLASH、处理器、密钥安全模块、协处理器、IO通信、时钟、随机数发生器等；在软件 上内置了卡片操作系统(COS)、卡片应用。IC卡芯片还会在个人化时，加载个人化数据。
图2所示的电源18，包括了电池和电源控制电路。电源18可以由特定的信号开启，进 入到开启状态。并在一定时间内收不到信号时返回关闭状态。本专利中通过来自光耦15的电 信号对电源18进行开启控制。
图3(a)-图3(b)示出了能够与电容触摸屏幕进行通信的IC卡10所具有的典型外部结构。 图3(a)为IC卡10上表面(朝向持卡人)结构，区域图形标识30用于提醒用户在操作卡片 时，需要将标识30所在区域置于电容触摸屏幕范围内。图3(b)为IC卡下表面(朝向电容触 摸屏幕)结构。多个导电触点16和多个光耦15，处在图形标识30垂直投影对应的区域内。 本实施例对标识30采用圆形布局，但并不限定其他形状布局，如矩形、多边形或非规则形状 等。
图4(a)-图4(b)示出了使用户正确将IC卡放在屏幕操作区域的范例。不论操作者以何种 平面相交角度将卡片置于移动设备100的电容触摸屏幕表面，只要标识30处于屏幕区域内， 卡片就能正常工作。
图5(a)-图5(b)示出被动电容方式下，IC卡10通过导电触点16向电容触摸屏发送信 号的示意图的范例；在被动电容方式下，调制电路13通过继电器131控制人体电场到导电触 点16的通断，以断开表示逻辑’0’，以接通表示逻辑’1’。
图5(a)示出了IC卡10在被动电容方式下发送逻辑信号’0’。此时，继电器131断开。 人体电场与导电触点16的电气连接断开。电容屏行扫描线116发出的高频驱动信号将主要被 电容屏列扫描线115接收。电容触摸屏幕扫描获得电容量为Cx＝Cp。Cp为扫描线互相耦合电 容量。此时，触摸屏扫描电路会识别为“非触摸”状态，解码引擎将该状态解码为逻辑信 号’0’。
图5(b)示出了IC卡10在被动电容方式下发送逻辑信号’1’。此时，继电器131接通。 人体电场与导电触点16的电气连接导通。电容屏行扫描线116发出的高频驱动信号将一部分 被电容屏列扫描线115接收，一部分被人体分流和吸收，电容触摸屏幕扫描获得电容量为 Cx’＝Cp-Ci。Ci为人体等效电容量。此时，因为Cx’与Cx的差量，触摸屏扫描电路会识别 为“触摸”状态，解码引擎将该状态解码为逻辑信号’1’。
图5(a)-(b)所采用的被动电容方式，需要借助人体效应。且触点区域需要一定大小的面 积。这对提高导电触点密度，增加导电触点数量带来一定困难。因此也可以采取主动电容方 式。
图6(a)-图6(c)示出主动电容方式下，IC卡10通过导电触点16向电容触摸屏发送信号 的示意图的范例；在主动电容方式下，调制电路13具有采样电路132，锁频电路133和反相 驱动电路134。采样电路132从导电触点16进行信号耦合和采样(AD转换)。锁频电路133分 析采样电路132传送的信号，并进行频率分析和复原(DA转换)，向反相驱动电路134送出相 同频率的信号。反相驱动电路134对锁频电路送出的信号进行反相和放大处理，并发送到导 电触点16。
图6(a)示出了IC卡10在主动电容方式下发送逻辑信号’0’。此时，调制电路13处于 静默状态。导电触点16不会对电容触摸屏幕形成电场影响。电容屏行扫描线116发出的高频 驱动信号将主要被电容屏列扫描线115接收。电容触摸屏幕扫描获得电容量为Cx＝Cp。Cp为 扫描线互相耦合电容量。此时，触摸屏扫描电路会识别为“非触摸”状态，解码引擎将该状 态解码成逻辑信号’0’
图6(b)-图6(c)示出了IC卡10在主动电容方式下发送逻辑信号’1’。此时，调制电路 13处于工作状态。在t0时刻，电容屏行扫描线116发出的高频驱动信号通过导电触点16被 采样电路132采样、在t1时刻，锁频电路133完成信号频率分析，采样电路关闭，反相驱动 电路134向导电触点送出与扫描信号反相的电场信号。电容屏列扫描线115获得信号被削弱。 电容触摸屏幕扫描获得电容量为Cx’＝Cp-Ca。Ca为反相驱动电路造成的负电场电容量。此时， 因为Cx’与Cx的差量，触摸屏扫描电路会识别为“触摸”状态，解码引擎将改状态解码为 逻辑信号’1’。
对于主动电容方式的调制电路，由于同一款电容触摸屏幕的驱动扫描信号的频率总是固 定的，因此为了降低成本。可以只在一个导电触点上配备一路采样电路和一路锁频电路。其 余导电触点采用更简单的触发电路来替代采样电路，并共享唯一的锁频电路信号。
图7(a)-图7(b)示出移动设备向IC卡10发送数据的范例。IC卡10的解调电路14从 光偶15接收电信号，并解码成串行位流数据发送给IC卡芯片。调制电路14包括了整形电路 141和移位寄存器142。在实施例中多个光耦和多个整形电路共用一个移位寄存器。
图7(a)示出移动设备发送逻辑信号’0’。此时，移动设备在对应光耦15的发光点112， 保持相应像素于“黑色”状态。光耦未感应到光线，未进行光电转换，整形电路141送出’0’ 电平，由移位寄存器缓冲为位信号，并向IC卡芯片按串行时序次第送出。
图7(b)示出移动设备发送逻辑信号’1’。此时，移动设备在对应光耦15的发光点112， 保持相应像素于“有色”发光状态。所发出光线颜色与光耦的滤光片颜色一致。光耦感应到 光线，进行光电转换，整形电路141送出’1’电平，由移位寄存器缓冲为位信号，并向IC 卡芯片按串行时序次第送出。
以上给出的是IC卡与电容触摸屏的一种实现数据通信方式，但仅是举例之用，并非局限 于此。
图8(a)-图8(b)示出IC卡通过默认导通的导电触点获得屏幕定位的范例。在卡片贴合 到屏幕并开始工作时，移动设备需要精确的知道IC卡上导电触点和光耦的位置，以便在对应 的屏幕位置建立起数据发送和接收通道。
图8(a)示出IC卡10总是默认的导通多个导电触点16至导电层11。不论是被动电容方 式还是主动电容方式。
图8(b)示出IC卡10在初始放置到屏幕区域后。通过默认导通人体的多个导电触点，移 动设备的解码引擎将感应到的触摸点进行连线，并将连线形状和事先存储的IC卡导电触点分 布图进行匹配。如匹配，则记录当前感应到的导电触点位置，并进一步推算其他非默认导通 导电触点和光耦位置。
为了降低卡片功耗。IC卡电源默认关闭。需要通过特定的信号来激活开启。本实施例用 光耦感应信号的来激活。为了避免误动作，除了通过滤光片和特定颜色光线外，本实施例进 一步采用了光耦间隔选择开启的方式。图9示出移动设备在相邻的发光点a’,b’,c’,d’。 向对应的光耦a,b,c,d间隔送出信号。电源开关电路通过反相器和与门进行预先逻辑识别。 这样避免了可能存在的外部强光无差别性误开启。
图10完整的描述了IC卡在交易开始前贴合屏幕，获得定位和电源开启的流程的范例
图11(a)-图11(b)示出通过n进制编码(n>2)的方式，提高IC卡发送数据速率的范例。 对于电容触摸屏，最大触控点数T是固定的，当前比较常见的是5个点,T＝5。但是仍然可以 增加导电触点数S，使得S>T。只要控制IC卡同时发送的感应触发信号不超过T即可。这意 味着将对导电触点进行分组，每组对应一个数据位。对于S＝n*T。传输编码为(n+1)进制。
图11(a)示出n＝3时，单个数据位的编码方式。此时每3个导电触点编码为1个数据位。 同时只能导通0个或1个导电触点，因此可以获得0、1、2、3三个位编码，实现4进制数据 位。作为不同的实现例，也可以选择3进制、5进制或其他进制编码方式。
图11(b)示出S＝n*T,n＝3，T＝5的情形。此时总计15个导电触点，具有5个四进制位， 相当于10个二进制位。可以一次传输超过1字节(8个二进制位)数据。实例中以十六进制数 3A5做了编码演示。
图12(a)-图12(h)示出IC卡电子现金圈存交易流程的范例，该范例对于其他交易，如圈 提、联机消费、转账、联机认证等也具有参考意义。
图12(a)示出系统在圈存交易开始前，先提示用户输入交易金额。图12(b)示出系统随之 提示用户输入密码。图12(c)示出系统提示用户将卡片贴合到屏幕指定区域。图12(d)示出系 统获得对卡片定位。图12(e)示出系统对卡片进行认证，这里的认证可以通过对称密钥或非 对称密钥进行。除了对卡片的认证，本步骤还进行了对密码的认证，用户密码由卡片加密和 数字签名后，回送到交易主机。图12(f)示出卡片对系统的认证以防止钓鱼网站和钓鱼应用 攻击，这里的认证可以通过对称密钥或非对称密钥进行。图12(g)示出各种认证通过后，卡 片开始对电子现金脱机余额进行更新。图13(h)示出交易完成后，系统显示交易后余额并提 示用户移开卡片。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所 有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很 多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和 实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求 书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种通过IC卡与电容触摸屏通信的系统，其特征在于，包括具有电容触摸屏的移动 设备、IC卡，其中：
    IC卡可贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上，直接与移动设备通信以完成IC卡交易，并 且，所述IC卡朝向电容触摸屏幕的一面含有用于向移动设备传递电场的导电触点和用于将所 述电容触摸屏发出的光信号转换成电信号的光耦；
    所述移动设备通过屏幕上产生的光线变化向IC卡发送数据，而IC卡通过光耦感应和获 取数据，IC卡通过在导电触点生成变化的电场向移动设备发送数据，而移动设备的电容触摸 屏将电场变化识别为触摸效应并随之解码成接收数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，IC卡包括导电层、用于各个部件之间绝缘 的绝缘层和IC卡内部结构，所述导电触点和所述光耦设置在所述绝缘层上，所述IC卡内部 结构进一步包括：
    IC卡芯片：用于完成IC卡功能；
    调制/解调电路：设置在所述IC卡芯片与所述导电触点之间，用于将IC卡芯片发出的数 据进行调制并发送到导电触点上；及设置在IC卡芯片与所述光耦之间，用于将光耦的数据 通过解调方式发送至所述IC卡芯片上。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，IC卡还包括电源，所述电源连接光耦，用 于在IC卡与移动设备进行双向数据通信时向所述IC卡提供电力，电源可以是可充电电池、 一次性电池，也可以是光伏电池。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的系统，其特征在于，IC卡还包括设置在IC卡内部结构内的 IC卡线圈，以完成IC卡与外设的非接触通信。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的系统，其特征在于，IC卡还包括设置在绝缘层的IC卡触点， 所述IC卡触点外露于所述绝缘层，可被读卡器设备物理和电气接触。
  6. 如权利要求2或3所述的系统，其特征在于，IC卡一表面结构设置用于提醒用户在 操作卡片时需要将标识所在区域置于电容触摸屏幕范围内的区域图形标识，其对立面上在图 形标识垂直投影对应区域内设置其多个所述导电触点和多个光耦。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，导电触点具有n组，每组数量为等同于 电容触摸屏通常支持的最大触摸点数，以支持(n+1)进制编码数据发送。
  8. 如权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，光耦配置有用于抗干扰和抗互扰的不同 颜色的滤光片。
  9. 如权利要求1或2所述的系统，其特征在于，移动设备进一步包括：在工作过程中动 态接收或产生信号的电容感应点和发光点、解码/编码引擎，所述解码/编码引擎与调制/解调 电路相对应，以共同完成IC卡与移动设备之间的数据传输。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述IC卡的外形尺寸按标准卡片设计，或 按非标准的外形尺寸设计，所述标准卡包括符合ISO/IEC7810规定的宽度85.6mm，高度 53.98mm，厚度0.76mm。
  11. 一种IC卡与电容触摸屏通信方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    IC卡贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上，直接与移动设备通信以完成IC卡交易，并且， 所述IC卡朝向电容触摸屏的一面含有用于向移动设备传递电场的导电触点和用于将所述电 容触摸屏发出的光信号转换成电信号的光耦；
    所述移动设备通过屏幕上产生的光线变化向IC卡发送数据，而IC卡通过光耦感应和获取 数据，IC卡通过在导电点生成变化的电场向移动设备发送数据，而移动设备的电容触摸屏将 电场变化识别为触摸效应并随之解码成接收数据。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    IC卡通过默认导通的导电触点获得屏幕定位：在卡片贴合到屏幕并开始工作时，移动设 备精确知道IC卡上导电触点和光耦的位置，以便在对应的屏幕位置建立起数据发送和接收通 道。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，其进一步包括：
    IC卡在初始放置到屏幕区域后，通过默认导通人体及与人体相接触的至少三个导电触点，移 动设备的解码引擎将感应到的触摸点进行连线，并将连线形状和事先存储的IC卡导电触点分 布图进行匹配，如匹配，则记录当前感应到的导电触点位置，并进一步推算其他非默认导通 导电触点和光耦位置。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，其还包括：
    IC卡电源默认关闭，通过光耦间隔选择开启的方式来激活开启。
  15. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，其进一步包括：
    IC卡通过调制电路，在导电触点生成电场变化，以便向移动设备发送数据，调制有两种方式， 被动电容方式和主动电容方式：
    被动电容方式下，调制电路通过接通或断开导电触点到人体的通路，从而使移动设备将 之识别为“触摸”/“非触摸”事件；
    主动电容方式下，调制电路能够将预采样的触摸屏扫描信号，以有源的方式在导电触点 反相送出或停止送出，这将削弱或停止削弱触摸屏扫描电路的采集电容量，从而使移动设备 识别为“触摸”/“非触摸”事件；
    以上通过调制产生的持续的“触摸”/“非触摸”事件序列将进一步被解码引擎解码为 数据的“1”/“0”位序列。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，其进一步包括：
    卡片交易过程中，要求操作者保持手指与卡片的接触，这避免了操作者不在场时，卡片 无意中贴合在移动设备表面，被木马进行远程劫持的可能。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其方法可以用于持卡人联机身份认证、卡片合法性验证、 圈存、圈提、联机消费、转账、交易数字签名、卡片数据在线更新在内的交易用途。
  18. 一种IC卡，其特征在于：IC卡可贴合在移动设备的电容触摸屏幕上，直接与移动 设备通信以完成IC卡交易，IC卡包括导电层、用于各个部件之间绝缘的绝缘层和IC卡内部 结构，所述导电触点和所述光耦设置在所述绝缘层上；
    所述IC卡朝向电容触摸屏幕的一面含有用于向移动设备传递电场的导电触点和用于将 所述电容触摸屏发出的光信号转换成电信号的光耦；
    IC卡芯片：用于完成IC卡功能；
    调制/解调电路：设置在所述IC卡芯片与所述导电触点之间，用于将IC卡芯片发出的数 据进行调制并发送到导电触点上；及设置在IC卡芯片与所述光耦之间，用于将光耦的数据 通过解调方式发送至所述IC卡芯片上。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的IC卡，其特征在于，IC卡还包括电源，所述电源连接光耦， 用于在IC卡与移动设备进行双向数据通信时向所述IC卡提供电力。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的IC卡，其特征在于，IC卡还包括设置在IC卡内部结构 内的IC卡线圈，以完成IC卡与外设的非接触通信，或
    IC卡还包括设置在绝缘层的IC卡触点，所述IC卡触点外露于所述绝缘层，可被所述读 卡器设备物理和电气接触。
  21. 如权利要求18所述的IC卡，其特征在于，所述IC卡的外形尺寸按标准卡片设计， 或按非标准的外形尺寸设计，所述标准卡包括符合ISO/IEC7810规定的宽度85.6mm，高度 53.98mm，厚度0.76mm。
PCT/CN2014/080167 2014-06-11 2014-06-18 一种能与电容触摸屏通信的ic卡及其系统和方法 WO2015188391A1 (zh)

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