WO2015181405A1 - Orthomode transducer with switchable polarisation - Google Patents

Orthomode transducer with switchable polarisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015181405A1
WO2015181405A1 PCT/ES2014/070445 ES2014070445W WO2015181405A1 WO 2015181405 A1 WO2015181405 A1 WO 2015181405A1 ES 2014070445 W ES2014070445 W ES 2014070445W WO 2015181405 A1 WO2015181405 A1 WO 2015181405A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switchable
transducer
orthodontic
polarized
phase
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PCT/ES2014/070445
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jose Maria Montero Ruiz
Original Assignee
Rymsa Espacio, S.A.
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Application filed by Rymsa Espacio, S.A. filed Critical Rymsa Espacio, S.A.
Priority to PCT/ES2014/070445 priority Critical patent/WO2015181405A1/en
Publication of WO2015181405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015181405A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/182—Waveguide phase-shifters

Definitions

  • a polarizable switchable orthodontic transducer that allows to combine in a single set the functionalities of an orthodontic transducer and polarization switching with a minimum number of elements, where the number of Connections to be made are reduced, and the final volume occupied too.
  • the present invention characterizes the simplicity of the polarized switchable orthomode transducer, presenting a minimum number of connections and a reduced final volume.
  • the present invention is circumscribed both within the scope of orthomodal transducers and between polarization switching systems or means of application in orthomodal transducers.
  • An orthomodal transducer is a device that has a common door (exit), made in a circular or square guide, and that supports two propagating electromagnetic modes with independent polarizations, and two input doors isolated from each other.
  • the common door is connected to a horn antenna.
  • each entrance door excites one of the linear polarizations in the common door.
  • polarization is circular.
  • the common door there is a mode in circular polarization to the right and another mode in circular polarization to the left, associating the entrance doors with the polarization generated in the common door.
  • orthomodal transducers for linear and circular polarization have physically different designs, and can only be used in a type of polarization, either linear or circular.
  • the switching on the entrance doors is based on the use of a quadrature coupler (hybrid -3dB) and a phase changer made by means of a switch with outdated lines.
  • the switching on the common door is done by adding a rotatable polarizer between two rotating joints.
  • polarization switching systems that are associated with an orthodontic transducer are known, such as that described in patent application EP20130802077.1 Referred to a switching device for parallel or hybrid transmission comprising two quadrature couplers same, one input and one output, a rotary spinner and a fixed spinner, both arranged between both couplers.
  • the switching device is then associated with an orthodontic transducer, configuring a set that can be improved, in terms of the number of necessary connections and the final volume that the equipment occupies, the latter being very relevant condition, since as the equipment is mounted on communications satellites, the final volume that the set requires is very important.
  • the object of the invention is a polarized switchable orthodontic transducer comprising:
  • phase shifters one at each of the outputs of the coupler, one of them being fixed (0 Q ) and another switchable (0/180 Q )
  • an orthodontic transducer specific for intermediate polarizations consisting of two specific entrance doors connected to the phase shifters and a common exit door.
  • the switchable OMT polarization state is given by the phase state provided by the switchable phase shifter, 0 Q or 180 Q.
  • the specific orthodontic transducer works in a state of intermediate polarization with respect to the orthomodal transducers used so far, which provide linear dual polarization or circular dual polarization.
  • the polarization obtained in the common door is elliptical to the right and left with an axial ratio of 7.6 dB, while in the orthomodal transducers so far used the axial ratio is 0 dB in the case of polarization circular or infinite in the case of linear polarization. Therefore, the polarized switchable orthodontic transducer integrates in a single device the orthomodal transducer itself and polarization switching means, consisting of a single input coupler and two phase shifters, one fixed and one switchable, both mounted at the output of the coupler. , the orthomodal transducer must be a specific one for intermediate polarizations, thus achieving a set of a minimum number of connections and a reduced final volume.
  • the traditional orthodontic transducer (OMT) that provides circular polarization is called Septum / OMT and technically speaking it provides a differential phase of 90 Q between odd and even excitations of its access doors.
  • the specific orthodontic transducer (OMT S / 45 9 ) used in the invention is constructively similar, but provides a differential phase of 45 Q or 135 Q. Electromagnetic simulations show that it is feasible to achieve proper operation of OMT S / 45 9 in bandwidths similar to the traditional Septum, (ie 12% of percentage band).
  • Figure 1 corresponds to the scheme of an embodiment of a polarization switching device as is known in the state of the art.
  • Said switching device comprises:
  • an orthodontic transducer (5) that has as its entrance doors the exit doors (C) and (D) of the switch, and as an exit door a common door (E) that is mainly connected to a horn antenna.
  • phase shifters (3) and (4) one at each of the coupler outputs, one of them being a fixed coupler (3) (0 Q ) and another switchable coupler (4) (0/180 Q )
  • a specific orthodontic transducer (6) of intermediate polarizations consisting of two specific entrance doors connected to the phase shifters (3) and (4) and a common output door (E).
  • the above values can be exchanged giving rise to the functional exchange of the entrance doors.
  • the switchable OMT polarization state is given by the phase state provided by the switchable phase shifter, 0 Q or 180 Q.
  • the specific orthodontic transducer works in a state of intermediate polarization with respect to the orthomodal transducers used so far, which provide linear dual polarization or circular dual polarization.
  • the polarization obtained in the common door is elliptical to the right and left with an axial ratio of 7.6 dB, while in the orthodontic transducers so far used, the axial ratio is 0 dB for the case of circular or infinite polarization in the case of linear polarization.
  • the specific orthodontic transducer (6) (OMT S / 45 Q ) of intermediate polarizations provides a differential phase of 45 Q , being equally valid if it provides a differential phase of 135 Q in which case the access positions (A) and (B) They are exchanged functionally.
  • Components such as the input coupler and phase shifters can be made in various technologies (coaxial, microstrip, waveguide ).
  • the OMT S / 45 9 will have the common door (E) in square or circular guide, but its access doors can be implemented in diverse technology (coaxial, microstrip, waveguide ).
  • the switchable phase shifter (0 Q / 180 Q ) can be performed in microstrip by electronic switching to PIN diodes.
  • the switchable phase shifter can be performed in a waveguide by means of a twist twist with a 90 Q turn by electromechanical switching.
  • the switching elements are located in the access doors and it is not necessary that both components be close to the antenna. They may be close to the receiving or transmitting equipment, where the environmental and mechanical working conditions are less harsh than for the antenna. This also frees up space in the antenna zone versus OMT based on rotatable polarizer.
  • the turning element (rotary spinner) is much less bulky than a common gate rotary polarizer, whereby, the turning power requirements are less stringent for the present polarized switchable orthodontic transducer.
  • the input coupler and phase shifters can be located near the receiving or transmitting equipment, freeing up the antenna area from space, in addition of supposing a smaller requirement of turning power.
  • Figure 3 shows an implementation in waveguide technology of the polarized switchable orthodontic transducer, with the entrance gates (A) and (B) being connected, connected to a coupler (1) on whose outputs a passive phase shifter (3) is mounted. ) and an active phase shifter (4) made by means of a rotary spinner, whose outputs are connected to a specific intermediate polarized orthodontic transducer (6), resulting in a much more compact set in final volume, than if the construction of the Figure 1, corresponding to the state of the art.

Abstract

The invention relates to an orthomode transducer with switchable polarisation, comprising: an input coupler (1) with a coupling of C=-8.3 dB to the cross path and of 0.69 dB to the direct path or vice versa; two phase shifters (3 and 4), one at each of the outputs of the coupler, one being a fixed phase shifter (3) (0º) and the other being a switchable phase shifter (4) (0/180º); and a specific orthomode transducer (6) of intermediate polarisation, having two specific input ports connected to the phase shifters (3 and 4) and a shared output port (E) providing a differential phase of 45º or 135º. With this assembly it is possible to reduce both the number of connections and the end volume, as well as allowing part of the assembly to be located close to the receiving or transmitting equipment, thereby creating space in the area of the antenna, as well as requiring less rotation power.

Description

TRANSDUCTOR ORTOMODO CONMUTABLE EN POLARIZACIÓN  SWITCHING ORTOMODE TRANSDUCER IN POLARIZATION
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Es objeto de la presente invención, tal y como el título establece, un transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización que permite aunar en un único conjunto las funcionalidades de un transductor ortomodo y las de conmutación de polarización con un mínimo número de elementos, donde el número de conexiones a realizar se reduce, y el volumen final ocupado también. It is an object of the present invention, as the title establishes, a polarizable switchable orthodontic transducer that allows to combine in a single set the functionalities of an orthodontic transducer and polarization switching with a minimum number of elements, where the number of Connections to be made are reduced, and the final volume occupied too.
Caracteriza a la presente invención la simplicidad del transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, presentando un número mínimo de conexiones y un reducido volumen final. The present invention characterizes the simplicity of the polarized switchable orthomode transducer, presenting a minimum number of connections and a reduced final volume.
Por lo tanto, la presente invención se circunscribe tanto dentro del ámbito de los transductores ortomodales como de entre los sistemas o medios de conmutación de polarización de aplicación en transductores ortomodales. Therefore, the present invention is circumscribed both within the scope of orthomodal transducers and between polarization switching systems or means of application in orthomodal transducers.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Un transductor ortomodal es un dispositivo que tiene una puerta común (salida), realizada en guía circular o cuadrada, y que soporta dos modos de electromagnéticos en propagación con polarizaciones independientes, y dos puertas de entrada aisladas entre sí. La puerta común se conecta a una antena tipo bocina. An orthomodal transducer is a device that has a common door (exit), made in a circular or square guide, and that supports two propagating electromagnetic modes with independent polarizations, and two input doors isolated from each other. The common door is connected to a horn antenna.
En la puerta común hay dos modos electromagnéticos de propagación de polarización dual complementaria, por ejemplo, un modo en polarización lineal vertical y otro modo en polarización lineal horizontal. Cada puerta de entrada excita una de las polarizaciones lineales en la puerta común. In the common door there are two complementary dual polarization electromagnetic propagation modes, for example, a vertical linear polarization mode and another horizontal linear polarization mode. Each entrance door excites one of the linear polarizations in the common door.
Otro ejemplo de polarización es circular. En la puerta común se encuentran un modo en polarización circular a derechas y otro modo en polarización circular a izquierdas, asociando las puertas de entrada a la polarización que generan en la puerta común. Another example of polarization is circular. In the common door there is a mode in circular polarization to the right and another mode in circular polarization to the left, associating the entrance doors with the polarization generated in the common door.
Sucede que los transductores ortomodales para polarización lineal y circular presentan diseños físicamente diferentes, pudiendo ser utilizados solamente en un tipo de polarización, bien lineal, o bien circular. It happens that orthomodal transducers for linear and circular polarization have physically different designs, and can only be used in a type of polarization, either linear or circular.
Ahora bien, las formas conocidas para realizar un transductor ortomodal configurable en polarización se basan en conmutación sobre la puerta común, o bien en conmutación sobre las puertas de entrada. However, the known ways to realize a polarized configurable orthomodal transducer are based on switching on the common door, or on switching on the entrance doors.
La conmutación sobre las puertas de entrada se basa en el empleo de un acoplador de cuadratura (híbrido -3dB) y un cambiador de fase realizado mediante un conmutador con líneas desfasadas. La conmutación sobre la puerta común se realiza añadiendo un polarizador rotable entre dos juntas rotatorias. The switching on the entrance doors is based on the use of a quadrature coupler (hybrid -3dB) and a phase changer made by means of a switch with outdated lines. The switching on the common door is done by adding a rotatable polarizer between two rotating joints.
En el estado de la técnica se conocen sistemas de conmutación de a polarización que se asocian a un transductor ortomodo, como el descrito en la solicitud de patente EP20130802077.1 Referido a un dispositivo de conmutación para transmisión paralela o híbrida que comprende dos acopladores en cuadratura iguales, uno de entrada y otro de salida, un girador rotativo y un girador fijo, ambos dispuestos entre ambos acopladores. In the prior art, polarization switching systems that are associated with an orthodontic transducer are known, such as that described in patent application EP20130802077.1 Referred to a switching device for parallel or hybrid transmission comprising two quadrature couplers same, one input and one output, a rotary spinner and a fixed spinner, both arranged between both couplers.
El dispositivo de conmutación se asocia a continuación con un transductor ortomodo, configurando un conjunto susceptible de ser mejorado, en cuanto al número de conexiones necesarias y al volumen final que el equipo ocupa, siendo esta última condición muy relevante, dado que como los equipos son montados sobre satélites de comunicaciones, el volumen final que el conjunto requiera tiene mucha importancia. The switching device is then associated with an orthodontic transducer, configuring a set that can be improved, in terms of the number of necessary connections and the final volume that the equipment occupies, the latter being very relevant condition, since as the equipment is mounted on communications satellites, the final volume that the set requires is very important.
Por lo tanto, es objeto de la presente invención diseñar un transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización que presente un reducido número de conexiones y ocupe un volumen final menor que los equipos empleados hasta el momento, desarrollando un transductor ortomodo como el que a continuación se describe y queda recogido en su esencialidad en la reivindicación primera. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to design a polarizable switchable orthodontic transducer that has a reduced number of connections and occupies a smaller final volume than the equipment used so far, developing an orthodontic transducer such as the one described below and it is reflected in its essentiality in the first claim.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Es objeto de la invención un transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización que comprende: The object of the invention is a polarized switchable orthodontic transducer comprising:
- Un acoplador de entrada - An input coupler
- Dos desfasadores uno a cada una de las salidas del acoplador, siendo uno de ellos fijo (0Q) y otro conmutable (0/180Q) - Two phase shifters one at each of the outputs of the coupler, one of them being fixed (0 Q ) and another switchable (0/180 Q )
- Y un transductor ortomodo específico de polarizaciones intermedias, que consta de dos puertas de entrada específicas conectadas a los desfasadores y una puerta común de salida.  - And an orthodontic transducer specific for intermediate polarizations, consisting of two specific entrance doors connected to the phase shifters and a common exit door.
El acoplador de entrada tiene un acoplamiento de C=-8.3 dB al camino cruzado y de 0.69 dB al camino directo o viceversa. The input coupler has a coupling of C = -8.3 dB to the cross road and 0.69 dB to the direct road or vice versa.
El estado de polarización OMT conmutable, ya sea lineal o circular, viene dado por el estado de fase que proporciona el desfasador conmutable, 0Q ó 180Q. The switchable OMT polarization state, whether linear or circular, is given by the phase state provided by the switchable phase shifter, 0 Q or 180 Q.
El transductor ortomodo específico, trabaja en un estado de polarización intermedio con respecto a los transductores ortomodales empleados hasta el momento, que proporcionan polarización dual lineal o polarización dual circular. Con el transductor específico ahora empleado, la polarización obtenida en la puerta común es elíptica a derechas e izquierdas con una relación axial de 7.6 dB, mientras que en los transductores ortomodales hasta ahora empleados la relación axial es de 0 dB para el caso de la polarización circular o infinita para el caso de la polarización lineal. Por lo tanto, el transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización integra en un solo dispositivo el propio transductor ortomodal y unos medios de conmutación de polarización, consistentes en un único acoplador de entrada y dos desfasadores uno fijo y otro conmutable, ambos montados a la salida del acoplador, debiendo ser el transductor ortomodal uno específico para polarizaciones intermedias, logrando así de este modo un conjunto de un mínimo número de conexiones y un volumen final reducido. The specific orthodontic transducer works in a state of intermediate polarization with respect to the orthomodal transducers used so far, which provide linear dual polarization or circular dual polarization. With the specific transducer now used, the polarization obtained in the common door is elliptical to the right and left with an axial ratio of 7.6 dB, while in the orthomodal transducers so far used the axial ratio is 0 dB in the case of polarization circular or infinite in the case of linear polarization. Therefore, the polarized switchable orthodontic transducer integrates in a single device the orthomodal transducer itself and polarization switching means, consisting of a single input coupler and two phase shifters, one fixed and one switchable, both mounted at the output of the coupler. , the orthomodal transducer must be a specific one for intermediate polarizations, thus achieving a set of a minimum number of connections and a reduced final volume.
El transductor ortomodo (OMT) tradicional que proporciona polarización circular, se denomina Septum/OMT y técnicamente hablando proporciona una fase diferencial de 90Q entre excitaciones par e impar de sus puertas de acceso. The traditional orthodontic transducer (OMT) that provides circular polarization is called Septum / OMT and technically speaking it provides a differential phase of 90 Q between odd and even excitations of its access doors.
El transductor ortomodo específico (OMT S/459) empleado en la invención, constructivamente es similar, pero proporciona una fase diferencial de 45Q o 135Q. Simulaciones electromagnéticas demuestran que es factible conseguir un correcto funcionamiento del OMT S/459 en anchos de banda similares al Septum tradicional, (i.e 12% de banda porcentual). The specific orthodontic transducer (OMT S / 45 9 ) used in the invention is constructively similar, but provides a differential phase of 45 Q or 135 Q. Electromagnetic simulations show that it is feasible to achieve proper operation of OMT S / 45 9 in bandwidths similar to the traditional Septum, (ie 12% of percentage band).
No se conocen hasta el momento transductores ortomodales de fase diferencial de 45Q o de 135Q. No 45 Q or 135 Q differential phase orthomodal transducers are known at this time.
A lo largo de la descripción y de las reivindicaciones la palabra "comprende" y sus variantes no pretenden excluir otras características técnicas, aditivos, componentes o pasos. Para los expertos en la materia, otros objetos, ventajas y características de la invención se desprenderán en parte de la descripción y en parte de la práctica de la invención. Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de sus características, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, de un juego de planos en cuyas figuras, de forma ilustrativa y no limitativa, se representan los detalles más significativos de la invención. To complement the description that is going to be carried out below and in order to help a better understanding of its characteristics, this descriptive report is accompanied by a set of drawings in whose figures, in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the most significant details of the invention.
En la figura 1 , puede observarse una forma de realización de un dispositivo de conmutación para transmisiones paralelas o híbridas, tal y como se conoce en el estado de la técnica. In Figure 1, an embodiment of a switching device for parallel or hybrid transmissions can be seen, as is known in the state of the art.
En la figura 2, se muestra el esquema correspondiente a la realización objeto de la invención donde pueden apreciarse las diferencias con la realización conocida. In figure 2, the scheme corresponding to the embodiment object of the invention is shown where the differences with the known embodiment can be seen.
En la figura 3, se muestra físicamente cómo sería el transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización realizado en guía onda. In Figure 3, it is physically shown how the polarized switchable orthomode transducer performed in waveguide would be.
REALIZACION PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN A la vista de las figuras se describe seguidamente un modo de realización preferente de la invención propuesta PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention is described below.
La figura 1 se corresponden con el esquema de una forma de realización de un dispositivo de conmutación de polarización tal y como se conoce en el estado de la técnica. Dicho dispositivo de conmutación comprende: Figure 1 corresponds to the scheme of an embodiment of a polarization switching device as is known in the state of the art. Said switching device comprises:
- Dos acopladores en cuadratura iguales, un acoplador de entrada (1 ) al que están conectadas las puertas de entrada (A) y (B), y un acoplador de salida (2) al que están conectadas las puertas de salida (C) y ( D).- Two equal quadrature couplers, an input coupler (1) to which the entrance doors (A) and (B) are connected, and an output coupler (2) to which the exit doors (C) and (D).
- Un girador rotativo (4) dispuesto entre ambos acopladores (1 ) y (2)- A rotary spinner (4) arranged between both couplers (1) and (2)
- Un girador fijo (3) dispuesto entre ambos acopladores (1 ) y (2). - A fixed turner (3) arranged between both couplers (1) and (2).
A la salida del conmutador de polarización se dispone un transductor ortomodo (5) que tiene como puertas de entrada las puertas de salida (C) y (D) del conmutador, y como puerta de salida una puerta común (E) que se conecta principalmente a una antena tipo bocina. At the output of the polarization switch there is an orthodontic transducer (5) that has as its entrance doors the exit doors (C) and (D) of the switch, and as an exit door a common door (E) that is mainly connected to a horn antenna.
Ahora y con el objetivo de reducir el número de conexiones, y el volumen final del conjunto, se ha desarrollado un dispositivo transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, tal y como se muestra en la figura 2, que comprende: Now and with the aim of reducing the number of connections, and the final volume of the assembly, a polarizable switchable orthomode transducer device has been developed, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
- Un acoplador de entrada (1 )  - An input coupler (1)
- Dos desfasadores (3) y (4) uno a cada una de las salidas del acoplador, siendo uno de ellos un acoplador fijo (3) (0Q) y otro acoplador conmutable (4) (0/180Q) - Two phase shifters (3) and (4) one at each of the coupler outputs, one of them being a fixed coupler (3) (0 Q ) and another switchable coupler (4) (0/180 Q )
- Y un transductor ortomodo específico (6) de polarizaciones intermedias, que consta de dos puertas de entrada específicas conectadas a los desfasadores (3) y (4) y una puerta común (E) de salida.  - And a specific orthodontic transducer (6) of intermediate polarizations, consisting of two specific entrance doors connected to the phase shifters (3) and (4) and a common output door (E).
El acoplador de entrada tiene un acoplamiento de C=-8.3 dB al camino cruzado y de 0.69 dB al camino directo. Los valores anteriores se pueden intercambiar dando lugar al intercambio funcional de las puertas de entrada. The input coupler has a coupling of C = -8.3 dB to the cross road and 0.69 dB to the direct road. The above values can be exchanged giving rise to the functional exchange of the entrance doors.
El estado de polarización OMT conmutable, ya sea lineal o circular, viene dado por el estado de fase que proporciona el desfasador conmutable, 0Q ó 180Q. The switchable OMT polarization state, whether linear or circular, is given by the phase state provided by the switchable phase shifter, 0 Q or 180 Q.
El transductor ortomodo específico, trabaja en un estado de polarización intermedio con respecto a los transductores ortomodales empleados hasta el momento, que proporcionan polarización dual lineal o polarización dual circular. Con el transductor específico de polarizaciones intermedias empleado la polarización obtenida en la puerta común es elíptica a derechas e izquierdas con una relación axial de 7.6 dB, mientras que en los transductores ortomodales hasta ahora empleados la relación axial es de 0 dB para el caso de la polarización circular o infinita para el caso de la polarización lineal. The specific orthodontic transducer works in a state of intermediate polarization with respect to the orthomodal transducers used so far, which provide linear dual polarization or circular dual polarization. With the specific intermediate polarization transducer used, the polarization obtained in the common door is elliptical to the right and left with an axial ratio of 7.6 dB, while in the orthodontic transducers so far used, the axial ratio is 0 dB for the case of circular or infinite polarization in the case of linear polarization.
El transductor ortomodo específico (6) (OMT S/45Q) de polarizaciones intermedias proporciona una fase diferencial de 45Q, siendo igualmente válido si proporciona una fase diferencial de 135Q en cuyo caso las puestas de acceso (A) y (B) se intercambian funcionalmente. Los componentes tales como el acoplador de entrada y los desfasadores pueden estar realizados en tecnologías diversas (coaxial, microstrip, guía onda....). El OMT S/459 tendrá la puerta común (E) en guía cuadrada o circular, pero sus puertas de acceso pueden estar implementadas en tecnología diversa (coaxial, microstrip, guía de onda...). The specific orthodontic transducer (6) (OMT S / 45 Q ) of intermediate polarizations provides a differential phase of 45 Q , being equally valid if it provides a differential phase of 135 Q in which case the access positions (A) and (B) They are exchanged functionally. Components such as the input coupler and phase shifters can be made in various technologies (coaxial, microstrip, waveguide ...). The OMT S / 45 9 will have the common door (E) in square or circular guide, but its access doors can be implemented in diverse technology (coaxial, microstrip, waveguide ...).
El desfasador conmutable (0Q/180Q) puede realizarse en microstrip mediante conmutación electrónica a diodos PIN. El desfasador conmutable puede realizarse en guía onda mediante un twist girador con un giro de 90Q por conmutación electromecánica. The switchable phase shifter (0 Q / 180 Q ) can be performed in microstrip by electronic switching to PIN diodes. The switchable phase shifter can be performed in a waveguide by means of a twist twist with a 90 Q turn by electromechanical switching.
En el Transductor Ortomodo conmutable en polarización los elementos de conmutación (acoplador y desfasadores) se encuentran en las puertas de acceso y no es preciso que ambos componentes estén cerca de la antena. Pueden estar cerca de los equipos receptores o transmisores, donde las condiciones ambientales y mecánicas de trabajo son menos duras que para la antena. Esto también libera espacio en la zona de antena frente a lo OMT basados en polarizador rotable. In the polarized switchable Ortomode Transducer the switching elements (coupler and phase shifters) are located in the access doors and it is not necessary that both components be close to the antenna. They may be close to the receiving or transmitting equipment, where the environmental and mechanical working conditions are less harsh than for the antenna. This also frees up space in the antenna zone versus OMT based on rotatable polarizer.
Por otro lado, el elemento de giro (girador rotativo) es mucho menos voluminoso que un polarizador rotable en puerta común, con lo cual, los requerimientos de potencia de giro son menos estrictos para el presente transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización. On the other hand, the turning element (rotary spinner) is much less bulky than a common gate rotary polarizer, whereby, the turning power requirements are less stringent for the present polarized switchable orthodontic transducer.
Por lo tanto, además de las ventajas anteriormente expuestas de reducción del número de conexiones, y menor volumen final, el acoplador de entrada y los desfasadores se pueden ubicar cerca de los equipos receptores o transmisores, liberando de espacio la zona de la antena, además de suponer un requerimiento menor de potencia de giro. Therefore, in addition to the above-mentioned advantages of reducing the number of connections, and lower final volume, the input coupler and phase shifters can be located near the receiving or transmitting equipment, freeing up the antenna area from space, in addition of supposing a smaller requirement of turning power.
En la figura 3 se muestra una implementación en tecnología de guía de onda del transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización apreciándose las puertas de entrada (A) y (B), conectadas con un acoplador (1 ) en cuyas salidas hay montado un desfasador pasivo (3) y un desfasador activo (4) realizado mediante un girador rotativo, cuyas salidas están conectadas con un transductor ortomodo específico (6) de polarización intermedia, resultando un conjunto mucho más compacto en volumen final, que si se llevara a cabo la construcción de la figura 1 , correspondiente al estado de la técnica. Figure 3 shows an implementation in waveguide technology of the polarized switchable orthodontic transducer, with the entrance gates (A) and (B) being connected, connected to a coupler (1) on whose outputs a passive phase shifter (3) is mounted. ) and an active phase shifter (4) made by means of a rotary spinner, whose outputs are connected to a specific intermediate polarized orthodontic transducer (6), resulting in a much more compact set in final volume, than if the construction of the Figure 1, corresponding to the state of the art.
En el desfasador activo (4) se situarán los elementos necesarios que lleven a cabo un giro mecánico reversible de 90Q bien sea manual o por actuación electromecánica. In the active phase shifter (4) the necessary elements that carry out a reversible mechanical rotation of 90 Q will be placed either manually or electromechanically.
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, se hace constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba, siempre que no altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental. Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is noted that, within its essentiality, it may be implemented in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example. , and which will also achieve the protection sought, provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización caracterizado porque comprende: one . - Polarized switchable orthomode transducer characterized in that it comprises:
- Un acoplador de entrada (1 ) - An input coupler (1)
- Dos desfasadores (3) y (4) uno a cada una de las salidas del acoplador, siendo uno de ellos un desfasador fijo (3) (0Q) y otro conmutable (4) (0/180Q) - Two phase shifters (3) and (4) one at each of the coupler outputs, one of them being a fixed phase shifter (3) (0 Q ) and another switchable (4) (0/180 Q )
- Y un transductor ortomodo específico (6) de polarizaciones intermedias, que consta de dos puertas de entrada específicas conectadas a los desfasadores (3) y (4) y una puerta común (E) de salida.  - And a specific orthodontic transducer (6) of intermediate polarizations, consisting of two specific entrance doors connected to the phase shifters (3) and (4) and a common output door (E).
2. - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el acoplador de entrada (1 ) tiene un acoplamiento de C=-8.3 dB al camino cruzado y de C= 0.69 dB al camino directo o viceversa. 2. - Polarizable switchable orthodontic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the input coupler (1) has a coupling of C = -8.3 dB to the cross path and C = 0.69 dB to the direct path or vice versa.
3. - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el transductor ortomodo específico, trabaja en un estado de polarización intermedio de manera que la polarización obtenida en la puerta común es elíptica a derechas e izquierdas con una relación axial de 7.6 dB. 3. - Polarizable switchable orthodontic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific orthodontic transducer works in an intermediate polarization state so that the polarization obtained in the common door is elliptical to the right and left with an axial ratio of 7.6 dB
4. - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque el transductor ortomodo específico (6) polarizaciones intermedias proporciona una fase diferencial de 45Q, siendo igualmente válido si proporciona una fase diferencial de 135Q en cuyo caso las puestas de acceso (A) y (B) se intercambian funcionalmente. 4. - Polarizable switchable orthodontic transducer according to claim 3, characterized in that the specific orthodontic transducer (6) intermediate polarizations provides a differential phase of 45 Q , being equally valid if it provides a differential phase of 135 Q in which case the Access (A) and (B) are exchanged functionally.
5. - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el acoplador de entrada (1 ) y los desfasadores fijo (3) y conmutable (4) pueden estar realizados en tecnologías diversas tales como coaxial, microstrip, guía onda. 5. - Polarized switchable orthomode transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the input coupler (1) and the fixed (3) and switchable phase shifters (4) can be made in various technologies such as coaxial, microstrip, waveguide.
6. - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el transductor ortomodo específico (6) tiene la puerta común (E) en guía cuadrada o circular, y sus puertas de acceso están implementadas en tecnología diversas tales como coaxial, microstrip y guía de onda. 6. - Polarized switchable orthodontic transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific orthodontic transducer (6) has the common door (E) in square or circular guide, and its access doors are implemented in various technologies such as coaxial, Microstrip and waveguide.
7. - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, según la reivindicación 1 ó 5, caracterizado porque el desfasador conmutable (4) (0Q/180Q) está realizado en microstrip mediante conmutación electrónica a diodos PIN 7. - Polarized switchable orthomode transducer according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the switchable phase shifter (4) (0 Q / 180 Q ) is made in microstrip by electronic switching to PIN diodes
8. - Transductor ortomodo conmutable en polarización, según la reivindicación 1 ó 5, caracterizado porque el desfasador conmutable (4) (0Q/180Q) está realizado en guía onda mediante un girador rotativo con un giro de 90Q por conmutación electromecánica. 8. - Polarized switchable orthomode transducer, according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the switchable phase shifter (4) (0 Q / 180 Q ) is made in waveguide by means of a rotary spinner with a rotation of 90 Q by electromechanical switching.
PCT/ES2014/070445 2014-05-30 2014-05-30 Orthomode transducer with switchable polarisation WO2015181405A1 (en)

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