WO2015180671A1 - 一种数据传输方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015180671A1
WO2015180671A1 PCT/CN2015/080124 CN2015080124W WO2015180671A1 WO 2015180671 A1 WO2015180671 A1 WO 2015180671A1 CN 2015080124 W CN2015080124 W CN 2015080124W WO 2015180671 A1 WO2015180671 A1 WO 2015180671A1
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message
rts
sta
rts message
information
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PCT/CN2015/080124
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English (en)
French (fr)
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树贵明
陆苏
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华为技术有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus.
  • a station In a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a station (STA) usually operates in a power saving mode. When the STA works in a power saving mode, its working state is in an Awake state and sleep according to certain rules. The (Doze) state alternates between transitions. When the STA does not transmit data, it is usually in the Doze state to reduce power consumption, but the STA enters the Awake state when there is data transmission.
  • STA Wireless Local Area Network
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of a mechanism for obtaining a channel usage right transmission data Data by using an RTS/CTS message for a STA in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 a and FIG. 2 b are frame formats of an RTS message and a CTS message in the prior art, respectively.
  • the schematic diagram wherein the RTS frame and the CTS frame belong to a Media Access Control (MAC) frame in the data frame (only the frame header portion, the data portion and the frame tail of the MAC frame are shown in FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b) Part not shown).
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • an STA When an STA (which can become a source STA) needs to send data to an access point (AP), it usually sends a Request To Send (RTS) message through the contention mechanism, and the duration of the RTS message.
  • RTS Request To Send
  • the (Duration) field indicates the channel time that the user wants to send data later, so that other STAs that receive the RTS message in the periphery are within the time indicated by the Duration field of the RTS message (such as the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) in Figure 1 ( The time indicated by RTS) does not occupy the channel.
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • the broadcast sends a Clear To Send (CTS) message, and sets a time value corresponding to the Duration field of the RTS message in the Duration field of the CTS message. So that other STAs that have not received the RTS message but are able to receive the CTS message can also no longer occupy the channel within the time indicated by the Duration field of the CTS message (as indicated by the NAV (CTS) in Figure 1), thus initially sent.
  • the STA of the RTS message can send data to the AP within the time indicated by the Duration field of the RTS message.
  • the DIFS in FIG. 1 is a distributed coordination frame interval, and may also be simply referred to as a DCF-IFS (Distributed coordination function InterFrame Space).
  • the beamforming technology is introduced in the downlink data transmission from the 802.11n standard.
  • the AP can simultaneously send downlinks to STAs located in different directions simultaneously on the same channel. Data to improve the utilization efficiency of the channel spectrum.
  • the AP can allocate different channel resources to multiple STAs at the same time, the utilization efficiency of the channel spectrum is improved, but the technology has the following defects:
  • the AP may arrange more than two STAs on the same subchannel in a time division manner, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the allocation channel In addition to indicating the subchannel identifier and the subchannel duration in the CTS message, the resource needs to indicate the start time of the subchannel, which requires occupying more bits in the CTS message, but in order to make the previous bit
  • the STA can correctly parse the CTS message and cannot increase the length of the CTS message, so the bits available in the CTS message are very limited.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a data transmission method and apparatus, to reduce the occupation of bits in a CTS message, and to avoid interference problems when multiple STAs use the same channel in a time division manner.
  • a data transmission method including:
  • the access point AP receives a request sent by multiple STAs to send an RTS message
  • the AP When the AP allocates the same channel time-frequency resource to the at least two STAs, the AP sends an acknowledgment and sends a CTS message to the at least two STAs according to the RTS message sent by the multiple STAs.
  • the CTS message sent to the at least two STAs includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated to the at least two STAs, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information, and is in the at least two STAs.
  • the channel time-frequency resource information allocated by each STA is the same, and the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information are different, so that the at least two STAs can simultaneously send different to the AP on the same channel time-frequency resource.
  • the uplink data processed by the interleaving sequence and/or the spreading sequence are used to the interleaving sequence information.
  • a CTS message is sent to the at least two STAs, where a CTS message sent to the at least two STAs includes a channel allocated for the at least two STAs
  • the frequency resource information, and the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information specifically include:
  • each CTS message includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated for the STA that receives the CTS message, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information.
  • the method before the AP receives the RTS message sent by the multiple STAs, the method further includes:
  • the AP sends a beacon message, where the beacon message indicates a sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message;
  • the AP sends an uplink synchronization indication message at the sending time, where the uplink synchronization indication message includes identifier information of an STA that is allowed to send an RTS message;
  • the AP receives the RTS message sent by multiple STAs, including:
  • the AP receives the RTS message sent by the multiple STAs, where the multiple STAs need to send uplink data, and determine, according to the received uplink synchronization indication message, that the identity of the STA matches the identifier information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message. STA.
  • the beacon message includes information that restricts access to the window RAW, so that the STA that receives the beacon message no longer uses the RAW in the RAW.
  • the start time point of the RAW is the sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries an RTS message transmission opportunity information, so that The STA that is allowed to send the RTS message can send the RTS message by using the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information; wherein the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information includes:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • a data transmission method including:
  • the CTS Receiving, by the AP, a CTS message that is fed back according to the RTS message; where the CTS is allocated to the sender of the RTS message and the sender of at least one other RTS message by the same channel time-frequency resource, the CTS The message includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated by the AP and being the same as the sender of the at least one other RTS message, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence different from the sender of the at least one other RTS message. information;
  • the method before the RTS message is sent to the AP, the method also includes:
  • an uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP receives, by the sending time, an uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP, where the uplink synchronization indication message includes identifier information of an STA that is allowed to send an RTS message;
  • Send an RTS message to the AP including:
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries an RTS message transmission opportunity information
  • Sending an RTS message to the access point AP includes:
  • the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information sends an RTS message to the AP.
  • the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information includes:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • a data transmission apparatus including:
  • An RTS message receiving unit configured to receive a request sent by a plurality of station STAs to send an RTS message
  • a CTS message sending unit configured to: when the same channel time-frequency resource is allocated to at least two STAs of the plurality of STAs according to the RTS message sent by the multiple STAs received by the RTS message receiving unit The two STAs send an acknowledgment to send a CTS message, where the CTS message sent to the at least two STAs includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated for the at least two STAs, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information.
  • the channel time-frequency resource information allocated to each of the at least two STAs is the same, the interleaving sequence information and/or the extension The frequency sequence information is different, so that the at least two STAs can simultaneously send uplink data processed by different interleaving sequences and/or spreading sequences to the AP on the same channel time-frequency resource.
  • the CTS message sending unit is specifically configured to:
  • each CTS message includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated for the STA that receives the CTS message, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information.
  • the apparatus further includes:
  • a beacon message sending unit configured to send a beacon message, where the beacon message indicates a sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message
  • the uplink synchronization indication message sending unit is configured to send an uplink synchronization indication message, where the uplink synchronization indication message includes the identifier information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message, in the transmission time indicated by the beacon message sending unit;
  • the RTS message receiving unit is specifically configured to:
  • the beacon message includes information that restricts access to the window RAW, so that the STA that receives the beacon message does not use the RAW in the RAW.
  • the start time point of the RAW is the sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries an RTS message transmission opportunity information, so that The STA that is allowed to send the RTS message can send an RTS message using the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information; wherein the RTS message sender
  • the transmission opportunities indicated by the information information include:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • a data transmission apparatus including:
  • An RTS message sending unit configured to send a request to the access point AP to send an RTS message
  • a CTS message receiving unit configured to receive a CTS message that is fed back by the AP according to the RTS message; where, when the AP allocates the same channel to a sender of the RTS message and a sender of at least one other RTS message
  • the CTS message includes the same channel time-frequency resource information allocated by the AP as the sender of the at least one other RTS message, and an interleaving sequence different from the sender of the at least one other RTS message.
  • a data transmitting unit configured to perform interleaving processing and/or spreading processing on the data to be transmitted by using the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence indicated by the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information included in the CTS message receiving unit, and/or
  • the processed data is sent to the AP through the channel time-frequency resource.
  • the apparatus further includes:
  • a beacon message receiving unit configured to receive a beacon message sent by the AP before the RTS message sending unit sends a request to send an RTS message to the access point AP, where the beacon message indicates a sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message ;
  • an uplink synchronization indication message receiving unit configured to receive, by the sending time indicated by the beacon message, an uplink synchronization indication message that is sent by the AP, where the uplink synchronization indication message includes identifier information of an STA that is allowed to send an RTS message;
  • the RTS message sending unit is specifically configured to:
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries an RTS message transmission opportunity information
  • the RTS message sending unit is specifically configured to:
  • the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information sends an RTS message to the AP.
  • the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information includes:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • the at least two STAs may transmit different interlaces on the same channel time-frequency resource.
  • Uplink data processed by sequence and/or spreading sequence Since the at least two STAs can share the same channel time-frequency resource, there is no need to indicate in the CTS message that each STA uses the start time of the allocated channel, and the STA can start the default time as a preset time after receiving the CTS message. Therefore, it is not necessary to occupy more bits in the CTS message, and it is also possible to avoid interference problems when multiple STAs use the same channel in a time division manner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism for a STA to use a RTS/CTS message to obtain channel usage rights to transmit data in the prior art
  • 2a is a schematic diagram of a frame format of an RTS message in the prior art
  • 2b is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a CTS message in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of implementation of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of an RTS message according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a CTS message according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of implementation of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a hardware structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a hardware structural diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the at least two STAs can be allocated different interleaving sequences on the same channel time-frequency resource by allocating the same channel time-frequency resource and different spreading sequence and/or interleaving sequence to the at least two STAs. And/or uplink data processed by the spreading sequence. Since the at least two STAs can share the same channel time-frequency resource, there is no need to indicate in the CTS message that each STA sharing the same channel uses the start time of the allocated channel, and the STA can start the default time after receiving the CTS message. One time is set, so it is not necessary to occupy more bits in the CTS message, and it is also possible to avoid interference problems when multiple STAs use the same channel in a time division manner.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, as shown in FIG. 4, which is a schematic flowchart of the method.
  • the execution body of the method may be, but is not limited to, an access point AP.
  • the method specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 41 The AP receives an RTS message sent by multiple STAs.
  • the RTS message is used to request a channel time-frequency resource from the AP.
  • the method may further include:
  • the AP sends a beacon Beacon message, indicating the sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message, so that the STA that needs to send the uplink data can maintain the Awake state at the indicated transmission time, so as to be able to receive the uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP.
  • the Beacon message may further include information of a Restricted Access Window (RAW), so that the STA that receives the Beacon message does not access the channel in a competitive manner in the RAW; wherein the RAW includes starting The time point and the end time point, the start time point thereof may be the transmission time of the indicated uplink synchronization indication message.
  • RAW Restricted Access Window
  • the sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message may also be earlier than the start time of the RAW, but since the STA enters the Awake state at the transmission time of the uplink synchronization indication message, the later the time of entering the Awake state, the more the power consumption is. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to enable the STA to minimize power consumption, the transmission time of the uplink synchronization indication message is set to be the start time point of the RAW.
  • the AP sends an uplink synchronization indication message at the indicated transmission time, where the uplink indication message includes the identifier information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message, so that the STA that needs to send the uplink data can determine whether it can send the information to the AP according to the identifier information.
  • RTS message includes the identifier information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message, so that the STA that needs to send the uplink data can determine whether it can send the information to the AP according to the identifier information.
  • the foregoing Beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message may further carry the RTS message transmission opportunity information, so that the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message can send the RTS message by using the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information.
  • the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information may be, but is not limited to, including:
  • the STA transmits the subchannel available for the RTS message, and the usage time of each subchannel, and each subchannel may include one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • the AP After the AP sends the uplink synchronization indication message at the indicated sending time, if the AP does not connect Upon receiving the RTS message sent by any STA, the AP needs to modify the identifier information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message included in the uplink synchronization indication message, and resend the modified uplink synchronization indication message until the STA sends the RTS message.
  • the identification information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message may be, but is not limited to, the following representation manner:
  • AID first association identifier
  • preset number of AIDs after the first AID to define a STA corresponding to the first AID and a preset number of AIDs after the first AID
  • a second AID and a third AID to define an STA indicated by an AID between the second AID and the third AID
  • Step 42 When the AP allocates the same channel time-frequency resource to at least two STAs of the multiple STAs according to the RTS message sent by the multiple STAs, the AP sends a CTS message to the at least two STAs.
  • the CTS message sent to the at least two STAs includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated to the at least two STAs, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information, and is each of the at least two STAs.
  • the channel time-frequency resource information allocated by one STA is the same, and the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information are different, so that the at least two STAs can simultaneously send different interleaving sequences to the AP on the same channel time-frequency resource and/or Or uplink data processed by the spread spectrum sequence.
  • the CTS message may be separately sent to the at least two STAs, where the CTS messages respectively sent to the at least two STAs respectively include channel time-frequency resource information allocated to the at least two STAs, and interleaving sequence information. And/or spreading sequence information.
  • the AP When the AP receives the uplink data processed by the at least two STAs sharing the same channel time-frequency resource and processed by different interleaving sequences and/or spreading sequences, the corresponding need to utilize the interleaving sequence specified for each STA and/or Or a spreading sequence, which obtains uplink data sent by each STA by iterative deinterleaving and/or despreading data processing respectively.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission method on the STA side, as shown in FIG. 5, which is a schematic flowchart of the method, and specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 51 The STA sends an RTS message to the AP.
  • step 51 it may also be included before step 51;
  • the STA receives the Beacon message sent by the AP, where the Beacon message indicates the sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message;
  • the STA can receive the Beacon message sent by the AP, indicating that the STA is in the Awake state, after receiving the Beacon message sent by the AP, the STA continues to maintain the Awake state, so as to be able to receive the uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP.
  • the STA receives the uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP at the indicated transmission time, and the uplink indication message includes the identifier information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message, so that the STA that needs to send the uplink data can determine whether it can Send an RTS message to the AP.
  • step 51 may specifically include:
  • the STA determines, according to the received uplink synchronization indication message, that the identity of the STA matches the identifier information of the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message, and sends an RTS message to the AP when the uplink data is to be sent.
  • the Beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message may also carry the RTS message transmission opportunity information.
  • the step 51 may specifically include:
  • the STA sends an RTS message to the AP using the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information.
  • the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information may be, but is not limited to, including:
  • the STA sends the subchannel available for the RTS message, and the usage time of each subchannel.
  • each subchannel can include one or more subcarriers
  • the STA sends the RTS message to the AP by using the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information, which may specifically include :
  • the STA selects one subchannel from among the subchannels available for the STA to send the RTS message, and sends an RTS message to the AP at the time of use of the selected subchannel.
  • the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information may be, but is not limited to, including:
  • the STA uses the entire channel to send the RTS message, at least one time slot is available, the STA sends the RTS message to the AP by using the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information, which may specifically include:
  • the STA selects a time slot from at least one time slot available when the STA sends the RTS message, and sends an RTS message to the AP.
  • Step 52 The STA receives a CTS message that the AP feeds back according to the RTS message sent by the AP.
  • the CTS message includes the same channel time-frequency resource information allocated by the AP as the at least one other STA, and the inter-interlace different from the at least one other STA.
  • Sequence information and/or spreading sequence information are used to determine whether the AP has a channel synchronization with the AP.
  • Step 53 The STA performs interleaving processing and/or spreading processing on the data to be transmitted by using the interleaving sequence and/or the spreading sequence indicated by the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information, and passes the processed data through the allocated channel.
  • the frequency resource is sent to the AP.
  • the STAs involved in the embodiments of the present invention may be high-efficiency Wireless Efficient WiFi (HEW) STAs, or next-generation WiFi STAs (ie, STAs that follow the next-generation WiFi standard).
  • the beacon message may be a beacon frame
  • the uplink synchronization indication message may be an uplink synchronization indication frame
  • the RTS message may be an RTS frame
  • the CTS message may be a CTS frame.
  • the at least two STAs may transmit different interlaces on the same channel time-frequency resource.
  • Uplink data processed by sequence and/or spreading sequence Since the at least two STAs can share the same channel time-frequency resource, there is no need to indicate in the CTS message that each STA uses the start time of the allocated channel, and the STA can start the default time as a preset time after receiving the CTS message. Therefore, there is no need to occupy more bits in the CTS message. At the same time, it is also possible to avoid interference problems when multiple STAs use the same channel in a time division manner.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of implementation of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the AP periodically sends a Beacon message, indicating a RAW message for the STA to send uplink data, and sends an uplink synchronization indication message at the start time of the indicated RAW, so that the STA that needs to send the uplink data can be in the AP.
  • the time point at which the uplink synchronization indication message is sent remains in the Awake state to receive the uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP.
  • the AP may further indicate, in the Beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message, the transmission opportunity information that the STA sends the RTS message in the current beacon period: including, for example, split information on the subchannel (such as each subchannel includes one or more sub-channels) Carrier), and the usage time of each subchannel after division.
  • the AP sends an uplink synchronization indication message at the start time of the RAW for the STA to send the uplink data indicated by the Beacon message (the uplink synchronization indication message can be extended by extending the CTS message defined in the existing standard to conform to the existing 802.11
  • the standard STA can identify the message, and define, in the uplink synchronization indication message, that an RTS message transmission opportunity can be randomly selected subsequently (optionally, the corresponding order of the RTS can also be selected according to the STA order indicated in the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • transmission opportunity information such as split information for the subchannel, that can be subsequently used by the STA to send the RTS message to the AP (such as the number of subcarriers included in each subchannel), and the usage time of each subchannel, etc., that is, one transmission opportunity is determined by one or more subcarriers and a corresponding period of time.
  • the transmission opportunity information of the RTS message may also be carried in the Beacon message, and the information may be omitted in the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • the AP needs to change the qualification condition of the STA that defines the RTS message in the uplink synchronization indication message, and sends the uplink synchronization indication message again until it is determined.
  • the STA with data to send has the opportunity to send an RTS message.
  • the specific qualified condition may be represented by a referenced AID, then the number of subsequent AIDs, or two reference AIDs, an STA between two AIDs, or a group identification information of a group of STAs.
  • the STA that receives the uplink synchronization indication message after receiving the SIFS time of the uplink synchronization indication message, if the STA determines that it can send an RTS message to the AP according to the uplink synchronization indication message, the uplink synchronization indication message (or the Beacon message) Selecting a transmission opportunity randomly, sending an RTS message to the AP, and indicating the channel resource information (such as the number of subchannels and the corresponding time length, or the data to be sent) in the RTS message.
  • the value of the "duration" field in the RTS message is calculated according to the amount of data to be sent.
  • the specific indication mode is as shown in Figure 7: "send" of the six bytes in the RTS message defined by the existing standard.
  • the "address” field is changed to the "send terminal association identifier AID” field occupying two bytes, and the "request bandwidth information” field occupying four bytes.
  • the STA carries its own AID through the "Send Terminal Association Identifier AID” field, so that the AP identifies the STA that sends the RTS message, and the STA carries the channel resource information requested by itself through the "Request Bandwidth Information" field.
  • multiple STAs may select the same transmission opportunity to send an RTS message to the AP, which may result in multiple STAs.
  • the sent RTS message conflicts.
  • the AP does not process and respond.
  • the STA can still determine the length of the channel usage time required to transmit the data to be transmitted by using one subchannel, so that other STAs that receive the RTS message can be determined.
  • This time length value is used to set its own NAV time value so that other STAs no longer compete for the channel for the specified length of time.
  • the AP will use the channel resource requested by the STA.
  • the source information, the channel resource is allocated to the STA, and the subchannel corresponding to the received RTS message is responsive to the CTS message, and the channel resource information allocated to the STA is indicated by the CTS message, for example, the STA is allocated for sending the uplink.
  • One or more subchannels of data and corresponding usage time (the channel usage time can be calculated based on the value of the duration field in the message).
  • the AP If the AP allocates the same channel time-frequency resource to two or more STAs (that is, uses the same subchannel to transmit uplink data at the same time), the AP also needs to include the interleaving sequence information specified for the STA in the CTS message. And/or spreading sequence information.
  • the specific indication mode is as shown in FIG. 8 : changing the “receiving address” field occupying six bytes in the existing standard CTS message to the “receiving terminal association identifier AID” field occupying two bytes, and occupying two The "allocated bandwidth information" field of bytes, and the "interleaved sequence information” field (and / or "spread spectrum sequence information” field) occupying two bytes.
  • the AP carries the association identifier of the target STA by using the “Receive Terminal Association ID AID” field, so that the STA can identify the CTS message sent by the AP to the AP, and the AP carries the channel resource information allocated to the STA through the “Assign Bandwidth Information” field, for example, One or more subchannels allocated for the STA are represented by setting one or more of the binary bits to "1", and the start time of the STA to transmit the uplink data using the subchannel defaults to one SIFS time after receiving the CTS message. The duration of the used channel can be calculated and determined by the value of the "Duration" field in the CTS message.
  • the two bytes may be used in the "interleaving sequence information" field (and/or "spreading sequence information” field) occupying two bytes to indicate the index information of the interleaving sequence or the interleaving sequence specified by the AP for the STA.
  • the interleaving sequence set that needs to be used needs to be defined in advance, and the interleaving sequence in the set is numbered, and the STA can determine the corresponding interleaving sequence by numbering, if the AP needs to specify the interleaving sequence information for the STA at the same time.
  • spreading sequence information one byte can be used to indicate the information of the interleaving sequence and the spreading sequence, respectively.
  • the AP may also specify a spreading sequence only for the STA.
  • the 2-byte "spreading sequence information" field only includes the spreading sequence information specified by the AP for the STA.
  • the STA receives the CTS message including the own associated identifier sent by the AP on the channel that sends the RTS message, and parses the “allocated bandwidth information” field and the “interleaving sequence information” field (and/or “spreading sequence information” included in the AP. Domain), determining the channel resource allocated by the AP for itself, and then multiple STAs respectively send uplink data on the channel resource allocated by the AP for each other.
  • the STA needs to interleave the data by using the interleaving sequence specified by the AP in the CTS message before the data is sent, and when the AP receives the uplink data sent by the STAs sharing the same channel time-frequency resource, the STA needs to be utilized for each STA.
  • the specified interleaving sequence obtains the uplink data sent by each STA by the iterative deinterleaving data processing process (and/or despreading process), respectively.
  • the AP After successfully receiving the uplink data sent by the STA, the AP is successful on different subchannels (such as the channel corresponding to the STA transmitting the RTS message or the subchannel of the subchannel used by the STA to send the uplink data).
  • the STA that transmitted the uplink data transmits an acknowledgement message ACK in parallel.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of implementation of a data transmission method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the AP periodically sends a Beacon message, indicating a RAW message for the STA to send uplink data, and sends an uplink synchronization indication message at the start time of the indicated RAW, so that the STA that needs to send the uplink data can be in the AP.
  • the time point at which the uplink synchronization indication message is sent remains in the Awake state to receive the uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP.
  • the AP may further indicate, in the Beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message, the transmission opportunity information that the STA sends the RTS message in the current beacon period: for example, the division information of the time slot, the STA may send the uplink data.
  • a time period in the RAW is divided into a plurality of time slots, and each time slot can be used by the STA to send an RTS message on the entire channel.
  • the AP starts at the beginning of the RAW for the STA to send the uplink data indicated by the Beacon message.
  • an uplink synchronization indication message is sent (the uplink synchronization indication message can be extended by extending the CTS message defined in the existing standard so that the STA conforming to the existing 802.11 standard can recognize the message), and is defined in the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • a time slot for sending an RTS message may be randomly selected (optionally, the STA may also select a time slot of the corresponding order according to the STA order indicated in the uplink synchronization indication message), and send an RTS message to the AP.
  • the STA defines the condition information, and optionally includes, in the uplink synchronization indication message, the division information of the time slot that can be subsequently used by the STA to send the RTS message to the AP.
  • the information may be omitted in the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • the AP needs to change the qualification condition of the STA that defines the RTS message in the uplink synchronization indication message, and sends the uplink synchronization indication message again until it is determined.
  • the STA with data to send has the opportunity to send an RTS message.
  • the specific qualified condition may be represented by a referenced AID, then the number of subsequent AIDs, or two reference AIDs, an STA between two AIDs, or a group identification information of a group of STAs.
  • the STA that receives the uplink synchronization indication message determines that it can send an RTS message to the AP according to the uplink synchronization indication message, and then from the uplink synchronization indication message (or Beacon message) Selecting a time slot randomly (or sequentially) in the indicated RTS message sending time slot, and sending an RTS message to the AP (the specific sending manner may be to simultaneously send the RTS message in parallel on each subchannel in a manner of copying the content of the RTS message), and In the RTS message, indicate the channel resource information (such as the number of subchannels and the length of time, or the amount of data to be sent), and calculate the value of the "duration" field in the RTS message according to the amount of data to be sent.
  • the channel resource information such as the number of subchannels and the length of time, or the amount of data to be sent
  • the STA can still determine the length of the channel usage time required to transmit the data to be transmitted by using one subchannel, so that other STAs that receive the RTS frame can be determined. This time length value is used to set its own NAV time value so that other STAs no longer compete for the channel for the specified length of time.
  • the AP allocates channel resources to the STA according to the channel resource information requested by the STA, and simultaneously sends the CTS message to the STAs that successfully send the RTS message on the multiple subchannels in parallel.
  • Indicates channel resource information allocated for the STA in the CTS message (a CTS message may also be sent in a broadcast or multicast manner, including channel resource information allocated for multiple STAs), such as indicating that the STA is allocated for allocation Transmitting one or more subchannels of the uplink data and corresponding usage time (the channel usage time may be calculated based on the value of the duration field in the message).
  • the AP If the AP allocates the same channel time-frequency resource to two or more STAs (that is, uses the same subchannel to transmit uplink data at the same time), the AP also needs to include the interleaving sequence information specified for the STA in the CTS message. And/or spreading sequence information.
  • the specific indication manner is as shown in FIG. 8 above.
  • the STA receives the CTS message including the own associated identifier sent by the AP on the channel that sends the RTS, and parses the "allocated bandwidth information" field and the "interleaving sequence information” field (and/or the "spreading sequence information” field included therein. And determining, by the AP, the channel resources allocated by the AP, and then the multiple STAs respectively send the uplink data on the channel resources allocated by the AP.
  • the STAs need to The data is subjected to interleaving processing and/or spreading processing by using an interleaving sequence and/or a spreading sequence specified by the AP in the CTS message before the data is transmitted, and the AP receives the uplink data sent by the STAs sharing the same channel time-frequency resource.
  • the AP After successfully receiving the uplink data sent by the STA, the AP is successful on different subchannels (such as the channel corresponding to the STA receiving the CTS message or one of the subchannels used by the STA to transmit the uplink data).
  • the STA that sent the uplink data sends an ACK in parallel.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission device, which may be, but is not limited to, an AP, as shown in FIG. 10, which is a schematic structural diagram of the device, including:
  • the RTS message receiving unit 101 is configured to receive a request sent by a plurality of station STAs to send an RTS message.
  • the CTS message sending unit 102 is configured to: when the same channel time-frequency resource is allocated to at least two of the multiple STAs according to the RTS message sent by the multiple STAs received by the RTS message receiving unit 101, The at least two STAs send an acknowledgment to send a CTS message, where the CTS message sent to the at least two STAs includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated for the at least two STAs, and interleaving sequence information and/or spread spectrum Sequence information, and the channel time-frequency resource information allocated for each of the at least two STAs is the same, and the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information are different, so that the at least two STAs can be on the same channel.
  • the uplink data processed by the different interleaving sequence and/or the spreading sequence is simultaneously sent to the AP on the time-frequency resource.
  • the CTS message sending unit 102 is specifically configured to:
  • each CTS message includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated for the STA that receives the CTS message, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information.
  • the device further includes:
  • a beacon message sending unit 103 configured to send a beacon message, where the beacon information indicates a sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message;
  • the uplink synchronization indication message sending unit 104 is configured to send an uplink synchronization indication message, where the uplink synchronization indication message includes permission to send, at the transmission time indicated by the beacon message sending unit 103. Identification information of the STA of the RTS message;
  • the RTS message receiving unit 101 is specifically configured to:
  • the beacon message further includes information that restricts access to the window RAW, so that the STA that receives the beacon message does not access the channel in a competitive manner within the RAW;
  • the start time point of the RAW is the sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries the RTS message transmission opportunity information, so that the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message can send the RTS message by using the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information;
  • the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information includes:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • a hardware structure diagram of the apparatus includes: a processor 111 (may be one or more, one embodiment of the present invention is taken as an example), and a memory 112, a receiver 113, a transmitter 114, and a communication bus 115, wherein the processor 111, the memory 112, the receiver 113, and the transmitter 114 are all connected to the communication bus 115.
  • the processor 111 can be a general purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present invention.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication bus 115 can include a path for transferring information between the components.
  • the memory 112 is connected to the processor 111 and stores program code executed by the processor 111;
  • the receiver 113 is connected to the processor 111 through the communication bus 115 for Receiving an RTS message sent by multiple STAs;
  • the processor 111 is connected to the memory 112, and is configured to allocate a channel time-frequency to at least two STAs of the multiple STAs according to the RTS message sent by the multiple STAs received by the receiver 113. Resources and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information;
  • the transmitter 114 is connected to the processor 111 through the communication bus 115, and configured to: when the processor 111 allocates the same channel time-frequency resource to at least two of the multiple STAs, Transmitting, by the at least two STAs, a CTS message, where the CTS message sent to the at least two STAs includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated to the at least two STAs, and interleaving sequence information and/or a spreading sequence Information, and the channel time-frequency resource information allocated for each of the at least two STAs is the same, and the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information are different, so that the at least two STAs can be on the same channel.
  • Uplink data processed by different interleaving sequences and/or spreading sequences is simultaneously transmitted to the AP on the frequency resource.
  • the transmitter 114 is specifically configured to:
  • each CTS message includes channel time-frequency resource information allocated for the STA that receives the CTS message, and interleaving sequence information and/or spreading sequence information.
  • the receiver 113 is further configured to:
  • the receiver 113 is specifically configured to:
  • the beacon message further includes information that restricts access to the window RAW, so that the STA that receives the beacon message does not access the channel in a competitive manner within the RAW;
  • the start time point of the RAW is the sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message.
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries the RTS message transmission opportunity information, so that the STA that is allowed to send the RTS message can send the RTS message by using the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information;
  • the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information includes:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission device, which may be, but is not limited to, an STA, as shown in FIG. 12, which is a schematic structural diagram of the device, including:
  • the RTS message sending unit 121 is configured to send a request to send an RTS message to the access point AP.
  • the CTS message receiving unit 122 is configured to receive a CTS message that is sent back by the AP according to the RTS message, where the AP allocates the same channel for the sender of the RTS message and the sender of at least one other RTS message.
  • the CTS message includes the same channel time-frequency resource information allocated by the AP as the sender of the at least one other RTS message, and an inter-division different from the sender of the at least one other RTS message. Sequence information and/or spreading sequence information;
  • the data sending unit 123 is configured to perform interleaving processing and/or spreading processing on the data to be transmitted by using the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence indicated by the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information included in the CTS message receiving unit 122, And processing the processed data to the AP by using the channel time-frequency resource.
  • the device further includes:
  • the beacon message receiving unit 124 is configured to receive a beacon message sent by the AP, where the beacon message indicates a sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message;
  • the uplink synchronization indication message receiving unit 125 is configured to receive, by the beacon message receiving unit 124, the uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP, where the uplink synchronization indication message is sent. Contains identification information of an STA that is allowed to send an RTS message;
  • the RTS message sending unit 121 is specifically configured to:
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries the RTS message sending opportunity information
  • the RTS message sending unit 121 is specifically configured to:
  • the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information sends an RTS message to the AP.
  • the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information includes:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers; or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • a hardware structure diagram of the apparatus includes: a processor 131 (may be one or more, one embodiment of the present invention is taken as an example), and a memory
  • the processor 131 can be a general purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present invention.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication bus 135 can include a path for transferring information between the components.
  • the memory 132 is connected to the processor 131 and stores program code executed by the processor 131;
  • the transmitter 134 is connected to the processor 131 through the communication bus 135, and configured to send an RTS message to the access point AP; and send the processed data of the processor 131 to the channel time-frequency resource allocated by the AP to the The AP;
  • the receiver 133 is connected to the processor 131 through the communication bus 135, and is configured to receive a CTS message that is sent back by the AP according to the RTS message;
  • the CTS message includes the AP and the The same channel time-frequency resource information of the sender of the at least one other RTS message, and the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information different from the sender of the at least one other RTS message;
  • the processor 131 is connected to the memory 132, and is configured to perform interleaving processing and/or spreading processing on the data to be transmitted by using the interleaving sequence and/or the spreading sequence indicated by the interleaving sequence information and/or the spreading sequence information. And processing the processed data to the AP through the transmitter 134 using the channel time-frequency resource.
  • the receiver 133 is further configured to: before the sender 134 sends an RTS message to the AP, receive a beacon message sent by the AP, where the beacon message indicates a sending time of the uplink synchronization indication message; Receiving, by the sending time, an uplink synchronization indication message sent by the AP, where the uplink synchronization indication message includes identifier information of an STA that is allowed to send an RTS message;
  • the transmitter 134 is specifically configured to:
  • the beacon message or the uplink synchronization indication message carries the RTS message sending opportunity information
  • the transmitter 134 is specifically configured to:
  • the transmission opportunity indicated by the RTS message transmission opportunity information sends an RTS message to the AP.
  • the sending opportunity indicated by the RTS message sending opportunity information includes:
  • the STA transmits a subchannel available for the RTS message, and a usage time of each subchannel, where each subchannel includes one or more subcarriers, or
  • At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message At least one time slot available when the STA uses the entire channel to send an RTS message.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, Or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种数据传输方法和装置，以减少对CTS消息中比特位的占用，并避免多个STA以时分方式使用同一信道时存在的干扰问题。该方法包括：AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；根据所述多个STA发送的RTS消息，为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向所述至少两个STA发送CTS消息；其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为所述至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息不同。

Description

一种数据传输方法和装置
本申请要求于2014年5月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410240524.8中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法和装置。
背景技术
在无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)中，站点(Station，STA)通常工作于省电模式，当STA工作于省电模式时，其工作状态按照一定的规则在苏醒(Awake)状态与睡眠(Doze)状态之间交替转换，当STA不发送数据时通常处于Doze状态，以减少电量消耗，但在有数据发送时STA则进入Awake状态。
在WLAN中，由于同一个基本服务集(Basic Service Set，BSS)内的众多站点(Station，STA)共享一个信道。如图1所示，为现有技术中针对STA采用RTS/CTS消息获得信道使用权发送数据Data的机制的示意图，而图2a和图2b分别为现有技术中RTS消息和CTS消息的帧格式示意图，其中，RTS帧和CTS帧均属于数据帧中的媒体接入控制(Media Access Control，MAC)帧(图2a和图2b中只画出了MAC帧的帧头部分，数据部分和帧尾部分未画出)。当某个STA(可以成为源STA)需要向接入点(Access Point，AP)发送数据时，通常先通过竞争机制发送一个请求发送(Request To Send，RTS)消息，并在RTS消息的持续时间(Duration)域指示自己后续发送数据所要占用的信道时间，以便周边收到RTS消息的其它STA在RTS消息的Duration域指示的时间内(如图1中网络分配矢量(Network Allocation Vector，NAV)(RTS)表示的时间内)不去占用信道。当AP在短帧间隔(Short  Interframe Space，SIFS)时间后接收到STA发送的RTS消息后，广播发送确认发送(Clear To Send，CTS)消息，并在CTS消息的Duration域内设置与RTS消息的Duration域中相对应的时间值，以便没有接收到RTS消息但能够接收到CTS消息的其它STA也能够在CTS消息的Duration域指示的时间内(如图1中NAV(CTS)表示的时间内)不再占用信道，这样最初发送了RTS消息的STA就可以在RTS消息的Duration域指示的时间内将数据发送到AP。其中图1中的DIFS为分布式协调帧间隔，也可以简称为DCF-IFS(Distributed coordination function InterFrame Space)。
为了提高信道频谱的利用效率，增加AP的吞吐量，从802.11n标准开始在下行数据传输时引入了波束赋形技术，通过该技术AP可以在同一信道上同时向位于不同方位的STA并行发送下行数据，以提高信道频谱的利用效率。
通过该技术AP虽然可以同时为多个STA分配不同的信道资源，提高了信道频谱的利用效率，但该技术尚存在如下缺陷：
当STA需要的上行信道资源较少时，AP可能将两个以上的STA以时分的方式安排在同一个子信道上，如图3所示，这种情况下将存在如下问题：首先这种分配信道资源的方式除需要在CTS消息中指示子信道标识、子信道时长外，还需要指示使用子信道的开始时间，这就需要占用CTS消息中更多的比特(Bit)位，但为了使得之前的STA能够正确解析CTS消息，又不能增加CTS消息的长度，所以CTS消息中可用的比特位是非常有限的；其次，当两个STA以时分的方式共享一个子信道时，如果前一个STA由于没有接收到CTS消息，而没有使用指定的子信道的前一段时间发送数据时，其它的STA将通过竞争的方式占用这个子信道并发送数据，这样可能会影响接下来后一个STA对这个子信道的使用。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种数据传输方法和装置，以减少对CTS消息中比特位的占用，并避免多个STA以时分方式使用同一信道时存在的干扰问题。
本发明实施例采用以下技术方案：
第一方面，提供了一种数据传输方法，包括：
接入点AP接收多个站点STA发送的请求发送RTS消息；
所述AP根据所述多个STA发送的RTS消息，为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向所述至少两个STA发送确认发送CTS消息；其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为所述至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息不同，以使所述至少两个STA能够在相同的信道时频资源上同时向所述AP发送经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。
结合第一方面，在第一种实现方式中，向所述至少两个STA发送CTS消息，其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，具体包括：
向所述至少两个STA分别发送CTS消息，其中，每个CTS消息中包含为接收该CTS消息的STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种实现方式，在第二种实现方式中，AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息之前，所述方法还包括：
AP发送信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
所述AP在所述发送时间发送上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息，具体包括：
AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；其中，所述多个STA为需要发送上行数据、且根据接收到的上行同步指示消息确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配的STA。
结合第一方面的第二种实现方式，在第三种实现方式中，所述信标消息包含限制访问窗口RAW的信息，以便接收到所述信标消息的STA在所述RAW内不再以竞争的方式访问信道；
其中，所述RAW的开始时间点为所述上行同步指示消息的发送时间。
结合第一方面的第二种实现方式或第一方面的第三种实现方式，在第四种实现方式中，所述信标消息或者所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息，以便被允许发送RTS消息的STA能够使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会发送RTS消息；其中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
第二方面，提供了一种数据传输方法，包括：
向接入点AP发送请求发送RTS消息；
接收所述AP根据所述RTS消息反馈的CTS消息；其中，在所述AP为所述RTS消息的发送方和至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方分配了相同的信道时频资源时，所述CTS消息中包含所述AP分配的与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方相同的信道时频资源信息，以及与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方不同的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
利用所述交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息指示的交织序列和/或扩频序列对待发送数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，并将处理后的数据通过所述信道时频资源发送给所述AP。
结合第二方面，在第一种实现方式中，向AP发送RTS消息之前，所 述方法还包括：
接收所述AP发送的信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
在所述发送时间接收所述AP发送的上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；则
向AP发送RTS消息，具体包括：
根据所述上行同步指示消息，确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配，且有上行数据待发送时，向AP发送RTS消息。
结合第一方面的第一种实现方式，在第二种实现方式中，所述信标消息或所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息；
向接入点AP发送RTS消息，具体包括：
使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向所述AP发送RTS消息。
结合第一方面的第二种实现方式，在第三种实现方式中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
第三方面，提供了一种数据传输装置，包括：
RTS消息接收单元，用于接收多个站点STA发送的请求发送RTS消息；
CTS消息发送单元，用于根据RTS消息接收单元接收到的所述多个STA发送的RTS消息，为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向所述至少两个STA发送确认发送CTS消息；其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为所述至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩 频序列信息不同，以使所述至少两个STA能够在相同的信道时频资源上同时向所述AP发送经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。
结合第三方面，在第一种实现方式中，所述CTS消息发送单元，具体用于：
向所述至少两个STA分别发送CTS消息，其中，每个CTS消息中包含为接收该CTS消息的STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。
结合第三方面或第三方面的第一种实现方式，在第二种实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
信标消息发送单元，用于发送信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
上行同步指示消息发送单元，用于在信标消息发送单元指示的发送时间发送上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
所述RTS消息接收单元，具体用于：
接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；其中，所述多个STA为需要发送上行数据、且根据接收到的上行同步指示消息确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配的STA。
结合第三方面的第二种实现方式，在第三种实现方式中，所述信标消息包含限制访问窗口RAW的信息，以便接收到所述信标消息的STA在所述RAW内不再以竞争的方式访问信道；
其中，所述RAW的开始时间点为所述上行同步指示消息的发送时间。
结合第三方面的第二种实现方式或第三方面的第三种实现方式，在第四种实现方式中，所述信标消息或者所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息，以便被允许发送RTS消息的STA能够使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会发送RTS消息；其中，所述RTS消息发送机 会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
第四方面，提供了一种数据传输装置，包括：
RTS消息发送单元，用于向接入点AP发送请求发送RTS消息；
CTS消息接收单元，用于接收所述AP根据所述RTS消息反馈的CTS消息；其中，在所述AP为所述RTS消息的发送方和至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方分配了相同的信道时频资源时，所述CTS消息中包含所述AP分配的与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方相同的信道时频资源信息，以及与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方不同的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
数据发送单元，用于利用CTS消息接收单元包含的所述交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息指示的交织序列和/或扩频序列对待发送数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，并将处理后的数据通过所述信道时频资源发送给所述AP。
结合第四方面，在第一种实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
信标消息接收单元，用于在所述RTS消息发送单元向接入点AP发送请求发送RTS消息之前，接收所述AP发送的信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
上行同步指示消息接收单元，用于在所述信标消息指示的发送时间接收所述AP发送的上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
所述RTS消息发送单元，具体用于：
根据所述上行同步指示消息，确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配，且有上行数据待发送时，向AP发送RTS消息。
结合第四方面的第一种实现方式，在第二种实现方式中，所述信标消息或所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息；
所述RTS消息发送单元，具体用于：
使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向所述AP发送RTS消息。
结合第四方面的第二种实现方式，在第三种实现方式中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
本发明实施例的有益效果如下：
本发明实施例中，通过为至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源和不同的扩频序列和/或交织序列，使得该至少两个STA可以在同一信道时频资源上传输经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。由于该至少两个STA可以共享同一信道时频资源，所以无需在CTS消息中指示每个STA使用分配的信道的开始时间，而STA可以默认开始时间为接收到该CTS消息之后预设的一个时间，因此不需要占用CTS消息中更多的比特位，同时还可以避免多个STA以时分方式使用同一信道时存在的干扰问题。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中针对STA采用RTS/CTS消息获得信道使用权发送数据的机制的示意图；
图2a为现有技术中RTS消息的帧格式示意图；
图2b为现有技术中CTS消息的帧格式示意图；
图3为现有技术中数据传输的实现示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的原理流程图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的原理流程图；
图6为本发明实施例一中提供的一种数据传输方法的实现示意图；
图7为本发明实施例一中提供的RTS消息的帧格式示意图；
图8为本发明实施例一中提供的CTS消息的帧格式示意图；
图9为本发明实施例二中提供的一种数据传输方法的实现示意图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的硬件结构图；
图12为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的硬件结构图。
具体实施方式
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明实施例中提出了一种数据传输方案。该技术方案中，通过为至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源和不同的扩频序列和/或交织序列，使得该至少两个STA可以在同一信道时频资源上传输经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。由于该至少两个STA可以共享同一信道时频资源，所以无需在CTS消息中指示共享同一信道的每个STA使用分配的信道的开始时间，而STA可以默认开始时间为接收到该CTS消息后预设的一个时间，因此不需要占用CTS消息中更多的比特位，同时还可以避免多个STA以时分方式使用同一信道时存在的干扰问题。
以下结合说明书附图对本发明的实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。并且在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例的特征可以互相结合。
本发明实施例提出一种数据传输方法，如图4所示，为该方法的原理流程图，该方法的执行主体可以但不限于为接入点AP，该方法具体包括下述步骤：
步骤41，AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；
其中，RTS消息用于向AP请求信道时频资源；
可选的，在步骤41之前还可以包括：
首先，AP发送信标Beacon消息，指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间，使得需要发送上行数据的STA能够在指示的发送时间保持Awake状态，以便能够接收到AP发送的上行同步指示消息。
进一步的，该Beacon消息中还可以包括限制访问窗口(Restricted Access Window，RAW)的信息，以便接收到该Beacon消息的STA在该RAW内不再以竞争的方式访问信道；其中，该RAW包括开始时间点和结束时间点，其开始时间点可以为指示的上行同步指示消息的发送时间。
需要说明的是，上行同步指示消息的发送时间也可以先于RAW的开始时间点，但是由于STA会在上行同步指示消息的发送时间进入Awake状态，而进入Awake状态的时间越晚，电量消耗越少，因此本发明实施例中为了使STA能够最大限度的减少电量消耗，设定上行同步指示消息的发送时间为RAW的开始时间点。
其次，AP在指示的发送时间发送上行同步指示消息，该上行指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息，使得需要发送上行数据的STA能够根据该标识信息，判断自身是否能够向AP发送RTS消息。
可选的，在上述Beacon消息或者上行同步指示消息中还可以携带有RTS消息发送机会信息，以便被允许发送RTS消息的STA能够使用该RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会来发送RTS消息。
该RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会可以但不限于包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，每个子信道可以包括一个或多个子载波；或者
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
另外，AP在指示的发送时间发送上行同步指示消息之后，如果没有接 收到任何STA发送的RTS消息，则AP需要修改上行同步指示消息中包含的允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息，并重新发送修改后的上行同步指示消息，直到有STA发送了RTS消息。
具体的，允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息可以但不限于为如下表示方式：
第一关联标识(Association Identifier，AID)，以及该第一AID后的AID的预设数量，以限定第一AID以及第一AID之后预设数量的AID对应的STA；或者
第二AID和第三AID，以限定该第二AID和该第三AID之间的AID指示的STA；或者
一组STA的组标识信息。
步骤42，当AP根据多个STA发送的RTS消息，为多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向该至少两个STA发送CTS消息；
其中，向该至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为该至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为该至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息不同，以使该至少两个STA能够在相同的信道时频资源上同时向AP发送经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。
具体的，可以向该至少两个STA分别发送CTS消息，此时向该至少两个STA分别发送的CTS消息中分别包含为该至少两个STA各自分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。
当AP接收到共享同一信道时频资源的该至少两个STA发送的经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据时，对应的需要利用为每个STA指定的交织序列和/或扩频序列，分别通过迭代解交织和/或解扩频的数据处理过程获得每个STA发送的上行数据。
对应于上述AP侧的数据传输方法，本发明实施例还提供了一种STA侧的数据传输方法，如图5所示，为该方法的原理流程图，具体包括下述步骤：
步骤51，STA向AP发送RTS消息；
可选的，在步骤51之前还可以包括；
首先，STA接收AP发送的Beacon消息，该Beacon消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
如果STA能够接收到AP发送的Beacon消息，说明该STA为Awake状态，则在接收到AP发送的Beacon消息之后，继续保持Awake状态，以便能够接收到AP发送的上行同步指示消息。
其次，STA在指示的发送时间接收AP发送的上行同步指示消息，该上行指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息，使得需要发送上行数据的STA能够根据该标识信息，判断自身是否能够向AP发送RTS消息。
则在这种情况下，步骤51可以具体包括：
STA根据接收到的上行同步指示消息，确定自身标识与允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配，且有上行数据待发送时，向AP发送RTS消息。
另外，Beacon消息或者上行同步指示消息中还可以携带RTS消息发送机会信息，则在这种情况下，步骤51可以具体包括：
STA使用该RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向AP发送RTS消息。
当RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会可以但不限于包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，每个子信道可以包括一个或多个子载波时，STA使用该RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向AP发送RTS消息，可以具体包括：
STA从该STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道中选择一个子信道，并在选择的子信道的使用时间向AP发送RTS消息。
或者当RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会可以但不限于包括：
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽时，STA使用该RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向AP发送RTS消息，可以具体包括：
STA从STA发送RTS消息时可用的至少一个时间槽中，选择一个时间槽，向AP发送RTS消息。
步骤52，STA接收AP根据其发送的RTS消息反馈的CTS消息；
在AP为该STA和至少一个其它STA分配了相同的信道时频资源时，该CTS消息中包含AP分配的与至少一个其它STA相同的信道时频资源信息，以及与至少一个其它STA不同的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
步骤53，STA利用该交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息指示的交织序列和/或扩频序列对待发送数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，并将处理后的数据通过分配的信道时频资源发送给AP。
需要说明的是，本发明各实施例中所涉及的STA可以是高效率无线保真(High Efficient WiFi，HEW)STA，或者下一代WiFi STA(即遵循下一代WiFi标准的STA)。而所涉及的信标消息可以为信标帧，上行同步指示消息可以为上行同步指示帧，RTS消息可以为RTS帧，CTS消息可以为CTS帧。
本发明实施例中，通过为至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源和不同的扩频序列和/或交织序列，使得该至少两个STA可以在同一信道时频资源上传输经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。由于该至少两个STA可以共享同一信道时频资源，所以无需在CTS消息中指示每个STA使用分配的信道的开始时间，而STA可以默认开始时间为接收到该CTS消息之后预设的一个时间，因此不需要占用CTS消息中更多的比特位， 同时还可以避免多个STA以时分方式使用同一信道时存在的干扰问题。
根据上述实现原理介绍两个实施例对本发明实施例提供的方案进行详细介绍。
实施例一
如图6所示，为本发明实施例一提供的数据传输方法的实现示意图。
参考图6，其实现过程如下：
(1)AP周期性的发送Beacon消息，指示一个供STA发送上行数据的RAW的信息，并将在所指示的RAW的开始时间点发送上行同步指示消息，使得需要发送上行数据的STA能够在AP发送上行同步指示消息的时间点保持Awake状态，以便接收AP发送的上行同步指示消息。
可选地，AP还可以在Beacon消息或上行同步指示消息中指示在本信标周期中STA发送RTS消息的发送机会信息：包括比如对子信道的划分信息(比如每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波)，以及划分后的每个子信道的使用时间等。
(2)AP在Beacon消息指示的供STA发送上行数据的RAW的开始时间点，发送一个上行同步指示消息(该上行同步指示消息可通过扩展现有标准中定义的CTS消息，以便符合既有802.11标准的STA能够识别该消息)，并在该上行同步指示消息中限定随后可以随机选择一个RTS消息发送机会(可选地，也可以根据上行同步指示消息中指示的STA顺序，选择相应次序的RTS消息发送机会)、以及向AP发送RTS消息的STA的限定条件信息，并可选地在上行同步指示消息中包含随后可用于STA向AP发送RTS消息的发送机会信息，比如对子信道的划分信息(比如每个子信道包括的子载波数量)，以及对应每个子信道的使用时间等，也就是说一个发送机会由一个或多个子载波以及对应的一段时间来确定。
该RTS消息的发送机会信息也可以在Beacon消息中携带，则上行同步指示消息中可以省略此信息。
需要说明的是，如果AP发送了一个上行同步指示消息后没有STA发送RTS消息，则AP需要改变上行同步指示消息中限定发送RTS消息的STA的限定条件，并再次发送上行同步指示消息，直到确定有数据待发送的STA有机会发送了RTS消息。具体的限定条件的表示方式可以是包含一个参考的AID，然后指定其后的AID的数量，或者指定两个参考AID，限定两个AID之间的STA，或者是一组STA的组标识信息。
(3)接收到上行同步指示消息的STA，在接收到上行同步指示消息的SIFS时间后，如果STA根据上行同步指示消息判定自己可以向AP发送RTS消息，则从上行同步指示消息(或Beacon消息)中指示的RTS消息的发送机会中随机选择一个发送机会，向AP发送RTS消息，并在RTS消息中指示自己需要的信道资源信息(比如子信道数量及对应的时间长度，或待发送的数据量)，并根据待发送的数据量计算RTS消息中“持续时间”域的值，具体的指示方式如图7所示：将现有标准定义的RTS消息中的占据六个字节的“发送地址”域，改变为占用两个字节的“发送终端关联标识AID”域，以及占用四个字节的“请求带宽信息”域。STA通过“发送终端关联标识AID”域来携带自己的AID，以使AP识别发送RTS消息的STA，同时STA通过“请求带宽信息”域携带自己请求的信道资源信息。
需要说明的是，在这一步骤中因为多个STA是随机选择RTS消息的发送机会，所以可能会有多个STA选择了同一个发送机会向AP发送RTS消息，这时就会导致多个STA发送的RTS消息冲突，对于冲突的RTS消息，AP不进行处理和响应。
另外，对于RTS帧中的“持续时间”域的时间长度值，STA仍然可以根据自己使用一个子信道发送待发送数据所需要的信道使用时间的长度来确定，以便其它接收到该RTS消息的STA利用这一时间长度值设置自身的NAV时间值，从而在指定的这一时间长度内，其它STA不再去竞争信道。
(4)对于成功发送了RTS消息的STA，AP将根据STA请求的信道资 源信息，为STA分配信道资源，并在接收到的RTS消息对应的子信道为其响应CTS消息，并通过CTS消息指示为该STA分配的信道资源信息，比如指示为STA分配的用于发送上行数据的一个或多个子信道及对应的使用时间(可以基于消息中的持续时间域的值计算得到信道使用时间)。
如果AP为两个或两个以上的STA分配了同一信道时频资源(即在同一时间使用相同的子信道发送上行数据)，则AP还需要在CTS消息中同时包含为STA指定的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。具体的指示方式如图8所示：将现有标准CTS消息中占用了六个字节的“接收地址”域，改变为占用两个字节的“接收终端关联标识AID”域，和占用两个字节的“分配带宽信息”域，以及占用两个字节的“交织序列信息”域(和/或“扩频序列信息”域)。AP通过“接收终端关联标识AID”域来携带目标STA的关联标识，以便STA能够识别出AP发送给自己的CTS消息，同时AP通过“分配带宽信息”域携带为STA分配的信道资源信息，比如通过将其中的一个或多个二进制位设置为“1”来表示为STA分配的一个或多个子信道，而STA使用子信道发送上行数据的开始时间默认为接收到CTS消息后的一个SIFS时间之后，而使用信道的持续时间则可以通过CTS消息中“持续时间”域的值来计算确定。在占用两个字节的“交织序列信息”域(和/或“扩频序列信息”域)中可采用这2个字节来表示AP为STA指定的交织序列或交织序列的索引信息，对于指示交织序列索引信息的情况，则需要预先定义可使用的交织序列集合，并对集合中的交织序列进行编号，STA通过编号可以确定对应的交织序列，如果AP需要同时为STA指定交织序列信息和扩频序列信息，则可以各用一个字节来分别指示交织序列和扩频序列的信息。另外，AP也可以只为STA指定扩频序列，这时2字节的“扩频序列信息”域中就仅包含AP为STA指定的扩频序列信息。需要说明的是对于选择了同一个发送机会向AP发送RTS消息的情况，由于AP无法识别冲突的RTS消息，则视为无效的消息，对于无效的RTS消息AP将不响应CTS 消息。
(5)STA在发送RTS消息的信道上接收AP发送的包含自己关联标识的CTS消息，解析其中包含的“分配带宽信息”域以及“交织序列信息”域(和/或“扩频序列信息”域)，确定AP为自己分配的信道资源，然后多个STA分别在AP为其分配的信道资源上并行发送上行数据，当两个或两个以上的STA分配了同一信道时频资源时，这些STA则需要在数据发送前利用AP在CTS消息中指定的交织序列对数据进行交织处理，而当AP接收这些共享同一信道时频资源的STA发送的上行数据时，对应地需要利用为每个STA指定的交织序列，分别通过迭代解交织的数据处理过程(和/或解扩频过程)获得每个STA发送的上行数据。
(6)在成功接收到STA发送的上行数据后，AP分别在不同的子信道(比如对应STA发送RTS消息的信道，或者STA发送上行数据所使用子信道的其中一个子信道)上，为成功发送了上行数据的STA并行发送确认消息ACK。
实施例二
如图9所示，为本发明实施例二提供的数据传输方法的实现示意图。
参考图9，其实现过程如下：
(1)AP周期性的发送Beacon消息，指示一个供STA发送上行数据的RAW的信息，并将在所指示的RAW的开始时间点发送上行同步指示消息，使得需要发送上行数据的STA能够在AP发送上行同步指示消息的时间点保持Awake状态，以便接收AP发送的上行同步指示消息。
可选地，AP还可以在Beacon消息或上行同步指示消息中指示在本信标周期中STA发送RTS消息的发送机会信息：比如时间槽(Time slot)的划分信息，可以将供STA发送上行数据的RAW中的一个时间段上划分为多个时间槽，每个时间槽可用于STA在整个信道上发送一个RTS消息。
(2)AP在Beacon消息指示的供STA发送上行数据的RAW的开始时 间点，发送一个上行同步指示消息(该上行同步指示消息可通过扩展现有标准中定义的CTS消息，以便符合既有802.11标准的STA能够识别该消息)，并在该上行同步指示消息中限定随后可以随机选择一个发送RTS消息的发送时间槽(time slot)(可选地，STA也可以根据上行同步指示消息中指示的STA顺序，选择相应次序的时间槽)，以及向AP发送RTS消息的STA的限定条件信息，并可选地在上行同步指示消息中包含随后可用于STA向AP发送RTS消息的时间槽的划分信息。
如果STA向AP发送RTS消息的时间槽的划分信息已经在Beacon消息中携带，则上行同步指示消息中可以省略该信息。
需要说明的是，如果AP发送了一个上行同步指示消息后没有STA发送RTS消息，则AP需要改变上行同步指示消息中限定发送RTS消息的STA的限定条件，并再次发送上行同步指示消息，直到确定有数据待发送的STA有机会发送了RTS消息。具体的限定条件的表示方式可以是包含一个参考的AID，然后指定其后的AID的数量，或者指定两个参考AID，限定两个AID之间的STA，或者是一组STA的组标识信息。
(3)接收到上行同步指示消息的STA，在接收到上行同步指示消息的SIFS时间后，根据上行同步指示消息判定自己可以向AP发送RTS消息，则从上行同步指示消息(或Beacon消息)中指示的RTS消息发送时间槽中随机(或顺序)选择一个时间槽，向AP发送RTS消息(具体发送方式可以是以复制RTS消息内容的方式分别在每个子信道上同时并行发送RTS消息)，并在RTS消息中指示自己需要的信道资源信息(比如子信道数量及时间长度，或待发送的数据量)，并根据待发送的数据量计算RTS消息中“持续时间”域的值，具体的指示方式可以参考上述图7。
需要说明的是，在这一步骤中因为多个STA是随机选择RTS消息发送时间槽，所以可能会有多个STA选择了同一个时间槽向AP发送RTS消息，这时就会导致多个STA发送的RTS消息冲突，对于冲突的RTS消息，AP 不进行处理和响应。另外，对于RTS帧中的“持续时间”域的时间长度值，STA仍然可以根据自己使用一个子信道发送待发送数据所需要的信道使用时间的长度来确定，以便其它接收到该RTS帧的STA利用这一时间长度值设置自身的NAV时间值，从而在指定的这一时间长度内，其它STA不再去竞争信道。
(4)对于成功发送了RTS消息的STA，AP将根据STA请求的信道资源信息，为STA分配信道资源，并同时在多个子信道上分别为成功发送了RTS消息的STA并行分别发送CTS消息，在CTS消息中指示为该STA分配的信道资源信息(也可以以广播或组播的方式发送一个CTS消息，在其中包含为多个STA分配的信道资源信息)，比如指示为STA分配的用于发送上行数据的一个或多个子信道及对应的使用时间(可以基于消息中的持续时间域的值计算得到信道使用时间)。
如果AP为两个或两个以上的STA分配了同一信道时频资源(即在同一时间使用相同的子信道发送上行数据)，则AP还需要在CTS消息中同时包含为STA指定的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。具体的指示方式如上述图8所示。
需要说明的是对于选择了同一个发送机会向AP发送RTS消息的情况，由于AP无法识别冲突的RTS消息，则视为无效的消息，对于无效的RTS消息AP将不响应CTS消息。
(5)STA在发送RTS的信道上接收AP发送的包含自己关联标识的CTS消息，解析其中包含的“分配带宽信息”域以及“交织序列信息”域(和/或“扩频序列信息”域)，确定AP为自己分配的信道资源，然后多个STA分别在AP为其分配的信道资源上并行发送上行数据，当两个或以上的STA分配了同一信道时频资源时，这些STA则需要在数据发送前利用AP在CTS消息中指定的交织序列和/或扩频序列对数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，而当AP接收这些共享同一信道时频资源的STA发送的上行数据 时，对应地需要利用为每个STA指定的交织序列和/或扩频序列，分别通过迭代解交织或解扩频的数据处理过程获得每个STA发送的上行数据。
(6)在成功接收到STA发送的上行数据后，AP分别在不同的子信道(比如对应STA接收CTS消息的信道，或者STA发送上行数据所使用子信道的其中一个子信道)上，为成功发送了上行数据的STA并行发送ACK。
基于上述方法，本发明实施例还提供了一种数据传输装置，可以但不限于为AP，如图10所述，为该装置的结构示意图，包括：
RTS消息接收单元101，用于接收多个站点STA发送的请求发送RTS消息；
CTS消息发送单元102，用于根据RTS消息接收单元101接收到的所述多个STA发送的RTS消息，为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向所述至少两个STA发送确认发送CTS消息；其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为所述至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息不同，以使所述至少两个STA能够在相同的信道时频资源上同时向所述AP发送经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。
可选的，所述CTS消息发送单元102，具体用于：
向所述至少两个STA分别发送CTS消息，其中，每个CTS消息中包含为接收该CTS消息的STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。
可选的，所述装置还包括：
信标消息发送单元103，用于发送信标消息，所述信标信息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
上行同步指示消息发送单元104，用于在信标消息发送单元103指示的发送时间发送上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送 RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
所述RTS消息接收单元101，具体用于：
接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；其中，所述多个STA为需要发送上行数据、且根据接收到的上行同步指示消息确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配的STA。
可选的，所述信标消息还包含限制访问窗口RAW的信息，以便接收到所述信标消息的STA在所述RAW内不再以竞争的方式访问信道；
其中，所述RAW的开始时间点为所述上行同步指示消息的发送时间。
可选的，所述信标消息或者所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息，以便被允许发送RTS消息的STA能够使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会发送RTS消息；
其中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
基于上述提供的装置，如图11所示，为本发明实施例提供的该装置的硬件结构图，包括：处理器111(可以为一个或多个，本发明实施例以一个为例)、存储器112、接收器113、发送器114和通信总线115，其中，处理器111、存储器112、接收器113和发送器114均与通信总线115连接。
处理器111可以是一个通用中央处理器(CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本发明方案程序执行的集成电路。
其中，所述通信总线115可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
所述存储器112，与所述处理器111连接，并存储所述处理器111执行的程序代码；
所述接收器113，通过所述通信总线115与所述处理器111连接，用于 接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；
所述处理器111，与所述存储器112连接，用于根据所述接收器113接收到的所述多个STA发送的RTS消息，为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配信道时频资源以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
所述发送器114，通过所述通信总线115与所述处理器111连接，用于当所述处理器111为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向所述至少两个STA发送CTS消息；其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为所述至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息不同，以使所述至少两个STA能够在相同的信道时频资源上同时向所述AP发送经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。
可选的，所述发送器114，具体用于：
向所述至少两个STA分别发送CTS消息，其中，每个CTS消息中包含为接收该CTS消息的STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。
可选的，所述接收器113，还用于：
发送信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
在所述发送时间发送上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
在这种情况下，所述接收器113，具体用于：
接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；其中，所述多个STA为需要发送上行数据、且根据接收到的上行同步指示消息确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配的STA。
可选的，所述信标消息还包含限制访问窗口RAW的信息，以便接收到所述信标消息的STA在所述RAW内不再以竞争的方式访问信道；
其中，所述RAW的开始时间点为所述上行同步指示消息的发送时间。
可选的，所述信标消息或者所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息，以便被允许发送RTS消息的STA能够使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会发送RTS消息；
其中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
基于上述方法，本发明实施例还提供了一种数据传输装置，可以但不限于为STA，如图12所述，为该装置的结构示意图，包括：
RTS消息发送单元121，用于向接入点AP发送请求发送RTS消息；
CTS消息接收单元122，用于接收所述AP根据所述RTS消息反馈的CTS消息；其中，在所述AP为所述RTS消息的发送方和至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方分配了相同的信道时频资源时，所述CTS消息中包含所述AP分配的与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方相同的信道时频资源信息，以及与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方不同的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
数据发送单元123，用于利用CTS消息接收单元122包含的所述交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息指示的交织序列和/或扩频序列对待发送数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，并将处理后的数据通过所述信道时频资源发送给所述AP。
可选的，所述装置还包括：
信标消息接收单元124，用于接收所述AP发送的信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
上行同步指示消息接收单元125，用于在信标消息接收单元124指示的发送时间接收所述AP发送的上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中 包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
所述RTS消息发送单元121，具体用于：
根据所述上行同步指示消息，确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配，且有上行数据待发送时，向AP发送RTS消息。
可选的，所述信标消息或所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息；
所述RTS消息发送单元121，具体用于：
使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向所述AP发送RTS消息。
可选的，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
基于上述提供的装置，如图13所示，为本发明实施例提供的该装置的硬件结构图，包括：处理器131(可以为一个或多个，本发明实施例以一个为例)、存储器132、接收器133、发送器134和通信总线135，其中，处理器131、存储器132、接收器133、发送器134均与通信总线135连接。
处理器131可以是一个通用中央处理器(CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本发明方案程序执行的集成电路。
其中，所述通信总线135可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
所述存储器132，与所述处理器131连接，并存储所述处理器131执行的程序代码；
所述发送器134，通过所述通信总线135与所述处理器131连接，用于向接入点AP发送RTS消息；以及将处理器131处理后的数据通过AP分配的信道时频资源发送给所述AP；
所述接收器133，通过所述通信总线135与所述处理器131连接，用于接收所述AP根据所述RTS消息反馈的CTS消息；所述CTS消息中包含所述AP分配的与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方相同的信道时频资源信息，以及与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方不同的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
所述处理器131，与所述存储器132连接，用于利用所述交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息指示的交织序列和/或扩频序列对待发送数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，并将处理后的数据利用所述信道时频资源通过所述发送器134发送给所述AP。
可选的，所述接收器133，还用于在发送器134向AP发送RTS消息之前，接收所述AP发送的信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；在所述发送时间接收所述AP发送的上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；则
所述发送器134，具体用于：
根据所述上行同步指示消息，确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配，且有上行数据待发送时，向AP发送RTS消息。
可选的，所述信标消息或所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息；
所述发送器134，具体用于：
使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向所述AP发送RTS消息。
可选的，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波，或者，
STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、 或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入点AP接收多个站点STA发送的请求发送RTS消息；
    所述AP根据所述多个STA发送的RTS消息，为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向所述至少两个STA发送确认发送CTS消息；其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为所述至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息不同，以使所述至少两个STA能够在相同的信道时频资源上同时向所述AP发送经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，向所述至少两个STA发送CTS消息，其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，具体包括：
    向所述至少两个STA分别发送CTS消息，其中，每个CTS消息中包含为接收该CTS消息的STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    AP发送信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
    所述AP在所述发送时间发送上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
    AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息，具体包括：
    AP接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；其中，所述多个STA为需要发送上行数据、且根据接收到的上行同步指示消息确定自身标识与所述允许发 送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配的STA。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信标消息还包含限制访问窗口RAW的信息，以便接收到所述信标消息的STA在所述RAW内不再以竞争的方式访问信道；
    其中，所述RAW的开始时间点为所述上行同步指示消息的发送时间。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信标消息或者所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息，以便被允许发送RTS消息的STA能够使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会发送RTS消息；其中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
    STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
    STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
  6. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    向接入点AP发送请求发送RTS消息；
    接收所述AP根据所述RTS消息反馈的CTS消息；其中，在所述AP为所述RTS消息的发送方和至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方分配了相同的信道时频资源时，所述CTS消息中包含所述AP分配的与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方相同的信道时频资源信息，以及与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方不同的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
    利用所述交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息指示的交织序列和/或扩频序列对待发送数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，并将处理后的数据通过所述信道时频资源发送给所述AP。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，向AP发送RTS消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述AP发送的信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
    在所述发送时间接收所述AP发送的上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；则
    向AP发送RTS消息，具体包括：
    根据所述上行同步指示消息，确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配，且有上行数据待发送时，向AP发送RTS消息。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信标消息或所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息；
    向接入点AP发送RTS消息，具体包括：
    使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向所述AP发送RTS消息；
    其中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
    STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
    STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
  9. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于，包括：
    RTS消息接收单元，用于接收多个站点STA发送的请求发送RTS消息；
    CTS消息发送单元，用于根据RTS消息接收单元接收到的所述多个STA发送的RTS消息，为所述多个STA中的至少两个STA分配相同的信道时频资源时，向所述至少两个STA发送确认发送CTS消息；其中，向所述至少两个STA发送的CTS消息中包含为所述至少两个STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息，且为所述至少两个STA中的每一个STA分配的信道时频资源信息相同，交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息不同，以使所述至少两个STA能够在相同的信道时频资源上同时向所述AP发送经不同的交织序列和/或扩频序列处理后的上行数据。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述CTS消息发送单元，具体用于：
    向所述至少两个STA分别发送CTS消息，其中，每个CTS消息中包含为接收该CTS消息的STA分配的信道时频资源信息，以及交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    信标消息发送单元，用于发送信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
    上行同步指示消息发送单元，用于在信标消息发送单元指示的发送时间发送上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
    所述RTS消息接收单元，具体用于：
    接收多个STA发送的RTS消息；其中，所述多个STA为需要发送上行数据、且根据接收到的上行同步指示消息确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配的STA。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信标消息还包含限制访问窗口RAW的信息，以便接收到所述信标消息的STA在所述RAW内不再以竞争的方式访问信道；
    其中，所述RAW的开始时间点为所述上行同步指示消息的发送时间。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信标消息或者所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息，以便被允许发送RTS消息的STA能够使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会发送RTS消息；其中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
    STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
    STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
  14. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于，包括：
    RTS消息发送单元，用于向接入点AP发送请求发送RTS消息；
    CTS消息接收单元，用于接收所述AP根据所述RTS消息反馈的CTS消息；其中，在所述AP为所述RTS消息的发送方和至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方分配了相同的信道时频资源时，所述CTS消息中包含所述AP分配的与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方相同的信道时频资源信息，以及与所述至少一个其它RTS消息的发送方不同的交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息；
    数据发送单元，用于利用CTS消息接收单元包含的所述交织序列信息和/或扩频序列信息指示的交织序列和/或扩频序列对待发送数据进行交织处理和/或扩频处理，并将处理后的数据通过所述信道时频资源发送给所述AP。
  15. 如权利要求14所述装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    信标消息接收单元，用于在所述RTS消息发送单元向接入点AP发送请求发送RTS消息之前，接收所述AP发送的信标消息，所述信标消息指示上行同步指示消息的发送时间；
    上行同步指示消息接收单元，用于在所述信标消息指示的发送时间接收所述AP发送的上行同步指示消息，所述上行同步指示消息中包含允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息；
    所述RTS消息发送单元，具体用于：
    根据所述上行同步指示消息，确定自身标识与所述允许发送RTS消息的STA的标识信息相匹配，且有上行数据待发送时，向AP发送RTS消息。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信标消息或所述上行同步指示消息中携带RTS消息发送机会信息；
    所述RTS消息发送单元，具体用于：
    使用所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会向所述AP发送RTS消息；
    其中，所述RTS消息发送机会信息指示的发送机会包括：
    STA发送RTS消息可用的子信道，以及每个子信道的使用时间，所述每个子信道包括一个或多个子载波；或者，
    STA使用整个信道发送RTS消息时，可用的至少一个时间槽。
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