WO2015179353A1 - Exhaust-gas turbocharger - Google Patents
Exhaust-gas turbocharger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015179353A1 WO2015179353A1 PCT/US2015/031503 US2015031503W WO2015179353A1 WO 2015179353 A1 WO2015179353 A1 WO 2015179353A1 US 2015031503 W US2015031503 W US 2015031503W WO 2015179353 A1 WO2015179353 A1 WO 2015179353A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- blades
- exhaust
- wheel
- channel
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
- F01D5/043—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
- F01D5/048—Form or construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
- F02B37/025—Multiple scrolls or multiple gas passages guiding the gas to the pump drive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
- F05D2250/51—Inlet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust-gas turbocharger. It presents, in particular, a compact exhaust-gas turbocharger which is used in passenger vehicles.
- exhaust gas is directed onto a turbine wheel of the exhaust-gas turbocharger via at least one volute.
- the two channels can lead to different cylinders of the associated internal combustion engine.
- the two channels are arranged one beside the other in the axial direction of the turbocharger, and therefore each individual channel does not direct flow against the entire width of the turbine wheel.
- the problem here is that the separating crosspiece always conceals a certain part of the turbine wheel and flow cannot be directed directly against this part of the turbine wheel. In order to ensure a certain level of stability and endurance strength, the separating crosspiece cannot be configured to be as thin as desired.
- an exhaust-gas turbocharger preferably for a passenger vehicle, comprising a compressor having a compressor wheel and a turbine having a turbine wheel.
- the turbine wheel is arranged in a turbine housing.
- the compressor wheel is connected to the turbine wheel by means of a shaft.
- Exhaust gas for example from an internal combustion engine, flows against the turbine wheel. This causes the shaft, and thus also the compressor wheel, to rotate.
- Charge air for example for the internal combustion engine, is compressed via the compressor wheel.
- At least two channels for guiding the exhaust gas onto the turbine wheel are formed in the turbine housing. The number of channels is referred to as "S".
- the shaft extends in an axial direction from the compressor to the turbine.
- This axial direction lies along the axis of the shaft and/or the axis of the turbine wheel and of the compressor wheel.
- a radial direction is defined perpendicularly to the axial direction.
- a circumferential direction is defined around the axial direction, counter to the direction of rotation of the turbine wheel.
- Each of the at least two channels directs flow against the turbine wheel over the entire width of the latter.
- the width of the turbine wheel is defined in the axial direction.
- each channel directs flow against the turbine wheel over a segment, as seen in relation to the circumferential direction. If use is made of two channels, each channel therefore directs flow against the turbine wheel over 180° and over the entire width of the turbine wheel.
- the invention does not provide two axially adjacent channels subdivided via a separating crosspiece. This means that the turbine wheel is not partially concealed by the separating crosspiece.
- the respective channels terminate on their radial inner side with a so-called tongue. Account has to be taken of the fact that this tongue at least partially prevents optimum flow against the turbine wheel. Since the invention here provides at least two channels, which act on the turbine wheel in a state in which they are offset through 180°, there are two such tongues adversely affecting the optimum flow against the turbine wheel. This adverse effect is noticeable in particular in the case of compact exhaust-gas turbochargers and correspondingly small turbine wheels. It has been found, within the framework of the invention, that sufficiently good flow against the turbine wheel, even with the channels offset through 180°, can be achieved if there is an appropriately high number of turbine blades - at least ten blades. The number of turbine blades will be referred to hereinbelow as "Z". It is particularly preferable for at least twelve, and further preferably for at least fourteen, turbine blades to be provided.
- a so-called narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area is usually defined on exhaust-gas turbochargers.
- This narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area is measured at the turbine outlet, on the turbine-outlet-side edges of the turbine blades.
- the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area here is measured perpendicularly to the blade surfaces and is defined as the clear width of the individual surfaces between the turbine blades. The more turbine blades are arranged on the turbine wheel, the smaller is the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area, since it is the thickness of the turbine-outlet-side edge which reduces the flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area in each case.
- a certain narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area is advantageous for the optimum operation of an exhaust- gas turbocharger.
- Use is therefore preferably made of main blades and intermediate blades of the turbine wheel.
- the intermediate blades at least at their hub-side ends, do not extend in the axial direction as far as the main blades. This ensures that the intermediate blades do not affect the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area.
- the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area is consequently defined along the turbine-outlet-side edges of the main blades and, in addition, is adversely affected only by the thicknesses of the turbine-outlet-side edges of the main blades.
- an intermediate blade is arranged in each case between two main blades. If the total number is at least ten turbine blades, this therefore means that use is made of five main blades and five intermediate blades. In particular, provision is made to use at least six main blades and at least six intermediate blades, particularly preferably at least seven main blades and at least seven intermediate blades.
- each channel terminates with a so-called tongue.
- the end of the tongue is defined as the tip.
- a neck cross- sectional surface area Al of the respective channel is defined at this tip of the tongue.
- An imaginary straight line in the radial direction through the axis of the turbine wheel is located in the neck cross-sectional surface area Al .
- A2 narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area at the turbine-outlet-side edges of the turbine blades. Provision is preferably made for the following to be the case: A2/A1 S DO.9, preferably A2/A1 S Dl .O.
- This ratio of the flow-outlet cross- sectional surface area A2 to the neck cross-sectional surface area Al of the individual channels ensures optimum operation of the exhaust-gas turbocharger.
- the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area A2 which is relatively small for this purpose, is achieved by using the intermediate blades mentioned above.
- a turbine-wheel inlet diameter D is defined at the turbine wheel, as measured up to the radial ends of the turbine blades. If use is made of the main blades and of the intermediate blades, the turbine -wheel inlet diameter D is defined up to the radial ends of the main blades. It is preferably the case that S DAl/D 15 mm, preferably S DAl/D 12 mm.
- the tip of the tongue of one channel forms a geometrical reference point. Starting from this reference point, the next channel terminates at 360°/S, as measured in the circumferential direction. If use is made of two channels, therefore, the one channel terminates at 0° and the other channel terminates at 180°.
- a dedicated volute is formed in the turbine housing for each channel.
- Each volute has a channel formed in it.
- a volute common to the two channels to be formed in the turbine housing.
- This one volute contains a crosspiece which separates the two channels from one another such that the one channel is arranged radially within the other channel.
- the crosspiece merges, in the direction of the turbine wheel, into the tongue of the outer channel.
- the exhaust-gas turbocharger is used, in particular, for internal combustion engines having an even number of cylinders. It is immaterial which channel is connected to which cylinder.
- Figure 1 shows a schematically simplified view of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to all the exemplary embodiments of the invention
- Figure 2 shows a schematically simplified sectional view through the turbine of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention
- Figure 3 shows the turbine wheel of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the first exemplary embodiment of the invention
- Figure 4 shows the turbine wheel of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention
- Figure 5 shows a section through the turbine of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to the second exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 6 shows a section through the turbine of the exhaust-gas turbocharger according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the general construction of the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1 for all exemplary embodiments.
- the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1 has a compressor 2 having a compressor wheel 3. Also provided is a turbine 4 having a turbine wheel 5 and a turbine housing 6. A plurality of turbine blades 12 are formed on the turbine wheel 5. A shaft 7 connects the compressor wheel 3 to the turbine wheel 5.
- Two channels 13, 14 are formed in the turbine housing 6. Exhaust gas is directed onto the turbine wheel 5 via said channels 13, 14. The turbine wheel 5 is thus caused to rotate. Via the shaft 7, the compressor wheel 3 is thus also caused to rotate. Air is taken in, and compressed, via the compressor wheel 3.
- the shaft 7 extends in an axial direction 8.
- the axial direction 8 lies along the axis 11 of the turbine wheel 5.
- the axial direction 8 is defined from the compressor 2 in the direction of the turbine 4.
- a radial direction 9 runs perpendicularly to the axial direction 8.
- a circumferential direction 10 is defined around the axial direction 8.
- the circumferential direction 10 is defined counter to the direction of rotation of the turbine wheel 5.
- FIG. 2 shows, in a schematically simplified illustration, a section through the turbine 4 of the exhaust-gas turbocharger 1 according to the first exemplary embodiment. It can be seen that, in the first exemplary embodiment, two volutes 15, 16 are formed in the turbine housing 6. Each volute 15, 16 contains a respective channel 13, 14.
- the channels 13, 14, or the volutes 15, 16 direct flow against the turbine wheel 5 in each case over the entire width of the latter, as defined in the axial direction 8.
- Each channel 13, 14 directs flow against the turbine wheel 5 over a segment of 180°.
- the respective radial inner side of the channels 13, 14 terminates with a tongue 17.
- the end of the tongue 17 is defined as the tip 18.
- Ten turbine blades 12 are provided on the turbine wheel 5.
- FIG 3 shows a detail of the turbine wheel 5.
- Each of the turbine blades 12 has a turbine-outlet-side edge 19. This turbine-outlet-side edge 19 is located approximately perpendicularly to the axis 11 and is connected to a hub 20 of the turbine wheel 5.
- a narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area A2 is made up of ten sub-surfaces 21. Each sub-surface 21 is measured at the respective turbine-outlet-side edge 19, in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the turbine blade 12. The sum of these, in this case, ten sub-surfaces 21 forms the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area A2.
- the illustration in Figure 3 clearly shows that each turbine blade 12 used, in particular by virtue of its thickness, reduces the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area A2.
- a neck cross-sectional surface area Al of the respective channel 13, 14 is defined at the tips 18 of the tongues.
- the ratio A2/A1 is preferably greater than or equal to 2 D0.9, preferably 2 Dl .0.
- FIG 4 shows a turbine wheel 5 according to the second exemplary embodiment.
- the turbine blades 12 are designed in the form of main blades 22 and intermediate blades 23.
- An intermediate blade 23 is located in each case between two main blades 22.
- the critical factor in the case of the turbine wheel 5 according to Figure 4 is that the hub-side ends 24 of the intermediate blades 23 do not project as far in the axial direction 8 as the main blades 22. Consequently, the turbine-outlet- side edges 19 of the main blades 22 are decisive for the calculation of the narrowest flow-outlet cross- sectional surface area A2.
- the narrowest flow-outlet cross-sectional surface area A2 is not adversely affected by the design of the intermediate blades 23. This means that the preferred ratio of A2/A1 S DO.9, preferably A2/A1 S Dl .O, can be realized to good effect.
- Figure 5 shows the design of the turbine housing 6 for the second exemplary embodiment.
- a volute 15 common to both channels 13, 14 is formed in the second exemplary embodiment.
- the volute 15 is subdivided into the two channels 13, 14 by means of a crosspiece 25.
- the crosspiece 25 is arranged such that the two channels 13, 14 are adjacent to one another in the radial direction 9. This makes it possible for each of the channels 13, 14 to act over the entire width of the turbine wheel 5.
- the crosspiece 25 merges into the tongue of the outer channel 14.
- Figure 6 shows the design of the turbine housing 6 for the third exemplary embodiment.
- the third exemplary embodiment corresponds to the second exemplary embodiment apart from the following difference: in the third exemplary embodiment, just as in Figure 2, the tongue 17 of one channel 14 is shortened.
- the tip 18 of the tongue of the first channel 13 forms a geometrical reference point. Starting from this reference point, the next channel terminates at 360°/S, as measured in the circumferential direction. If use is made of two channels 13, 14, therefore, the first channel 13 terminates at 0° and the second channel 14 terminates at 180°.
- the tip 18 of the tongue of the second channel 14 here is shortened by an angle a in the circumferential direction. For this angle a, it is preferably the case that (360°/Z) - 5° a 5°. In particular this shortening by at least 5° reduces the risk of blade fatigue failure.
- the exhaust-gas turbochargers 1 shown here are provided, in particular, for small constructions.
- the intention is to have, in particular, a relatively small turbine wheel 5.
- Figure 1 shows an inlet diameter D of the turbine wheel 5. This diameter D is preferably not more than 35 mm.
- the construction of the turbine wheel 5 with the main blades 22 and the intermediate blades 23 can also be used in the first exemplary embodiment. It is equally possible for a turbine wheel 5 according to Figure 3 to be used in the construction of the turbine housing 6 according to Figure 5 or Figure 6.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112015001237.0T DE112015001237B4 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Exhaust gas turbocharger |
JP2016566748A JP6572243B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Exhaust gas turbocharger |
KR1020167034128A KR102301070B1 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Exhaust-gas turbocharger |
US15/310,145 US10280833B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Exhaust-gas turbocharger |
CN201580025780.8A CN106460520B (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Exhaust-driven turbo-charger exhaust-gas turbo charger |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014209484 | 2014-05-20 | ||
DE102014209484.4 | 2014-05-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015179353A1 true WO2015179353A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
Family
ID=53276311
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2015/031503 WO2015179353A1 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-19 | Exhaust-gas turbocharger |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10280833B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6572243B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102301070B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106460520B (en) |
DE (1) | DE112015001237B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015179353A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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WO2018175678A1 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Borgwarner Inc. | Dual volute turbocharger with asymmetric tongue-to-wheel spacing |
EP3819486A1 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-12 | Volkswagen Ag | Turbocharger for high performance engine concepts |
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GB201322206D0 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-01-29 | Cummins Ltd | Turbine housing |
DE112015001237B4 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2021-06-24 | Borgwarner Inc. | Exhaust gas turbocharger |
GB2568732B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2021-05-05 | Cummins Ltd | Turbine |
WO2019126615A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Borgwarner Inc. | Turbocharger for an internal combustion engine with a hydrodynamic floating bearing |
CN111556920B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2022-10-18 | 三菱重工发动机和增压器株式会社 | Internal combustion engine with supercharger |
US10465522B1 (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-11-05 | Borgwarner Inc. | Method of reducing turbine wheel high cycle fatigue in sector-divided dual volute turbochargers |
TWI681112B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-01-01 | 國家中山科學研究院 | Method for increasing the operating area of turbocharger |
JP7381368B2 (en) | 2020-03-02 | 2023-11-15 | 日野自動車株式会社 | twin scroll turbo |
JP2023131376A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-09-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | supercharger |
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2015
- 2015-05-19 DE DE112015001237.0T patent/DE112015001237B4/en active Active
- 2015-05-19 WO PCT/US2015/031503 patent/WO2015179353A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-05-19 KR KR1020167034128A patent/KR102301070B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-05-19 US US15/310,145 patent/US10280833B2/en active Active
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WO2018175678A1 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Borgwarner Inc. | Dual volute turbocharger with asymmetric tongue-to-wheel spacing |
JP2020511614A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2020-04-16 | ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド | Dual volute turbocharger with asymmetric tongue-wheel spacing |
US11408294B2 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2022-08-09 | Borgwarner Inc. | Dual volute turbocharger with asymmetric tongue-to-wheel spacing |
EP3819486A1 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-12 | Volkswagen Ag | Turbocharger for high performance engine concepts |
DE102019217316A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-12 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust gas turbocharger for high-performance engine concepts |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2017516012A (en) | 2017-06-15 |
CN106460520B (en) | 2019-06-07 |
US20170107896A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 |
KR102301070B1 (en) | 2021-09-10 |
DE112015001237T5 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
KR20170007346A (en) | 2017-01-18 |
DE112015001237B4 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
CN106460520A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
US10280833B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 |
JP6572243B2 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
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