WO2015177314A1 - Method for plating a moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby - Google Patents
Method for plating a moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015177314A1 WO2015177314A1 PCT/EP2015/061332 EP2015061332W WO2015177314A1 WO 2015177314 A1 WO2015177314 A1 WO 2015177314A1 EP 2015061332 W EP2015061332 W EP 2015061332W WO 2015177314 A1 WO2015177314 A1 WO 2015177314A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- crox
- strip
- substrate
- plating
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910019923 CrOx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015217 chromium(III) sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011696 chromium(III) sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H chromium(III) sulfate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Cr+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRWVQDDAKZFPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910005382 FeSn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NNIPDXPTJYIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron tin Chemical compound [Fe].[Sn] NNIPDXPTJYIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 48
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 17
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005029 tin-free steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000569 Gum karaya Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 MexOy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920013819 hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013818 hydroxypropyl guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010494 karaya gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003362 replicative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
- C25D9/10—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes on iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/06—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium from solutions of trivalent chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/38—Chromatising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/10—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium characterised by the organic bath constituents used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
- C25D7/0621—In horizontal cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for producing a coated steel substrate in a continuous high speed plating line and to a coated metal strip produced using said method.
- Electroplating or (in short) plating is a process that uses electrical current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a coherent metal coating on an electrode. Electroplating or electrodeposition is primarily used to change the surface properties of an object (e.g. abrasion and wear resistance, corrosion protection, lubricity, aesthetic qualities, etc.).
- the part to be plated is the cathode in the circuit.
- the anode is made of the metal to be plated on the part. Both components are immersed in a solution called an electrolyte containing one or more dissolved metal salts as well as other ions that permit the flow of electricity.
- a power supply supplies a direct current to the anode, oxidizing the metal atoms that comprise it and allowing them to dissolve in the solution.
- the dissolved metal ions in the electrolyte solution are reduced at the interface between the solution and the cathode, such that they "plate out” onto the cathode.
- the rate at which the anode is dissolved is equal to the rate at which the cathode is plated, vis-a-vis the current flowing through the circuit. In this manner, the ions in the electrolyte bath are continuously replenished by the anode.
- Chromium plating is a technique of electroplating a thin layer of chromium onto a metal object.
- the chromium layer can be decorative, provide corrosion resistance, or increase surface hardness.
- Chromium coated steel for packaging purposes is normally a sheet or strip of steel electrolytically coated with a layer of chromium and chromium oxide with a coating thickness of ⁇ 20 nm.
- TFS Tin Free Steel
- ECCS Electrolytic Chromium Coated Steel
- ECCS excels in adhesion to organic coatings, both lacquers and polymer coatings, like PET or PP coatings, which provide robust protection against a wide range of aggressive filling products, as well as excellent food safety standards, being both Bisphenol A and BADGE free.
- ECCS was produced based on a Cr(VI) process.
- Conventional Cr(III) processes proved to be incapable of replicating the quality of the Cr(VI) based layers because the Cr(III) processes resulted in amorphous and/or porous layers, rather than crystalline and dense layers.
- coating layers can be successfully deposited on the basis of a Cr(III)-based electrolyte as demonstrated by WO2013143928.
- Cr-CrOx chromium-chromium oxide
- One or more of these objects can be achieved by for producing a steel substrate coated with a chromium metal-chromium oxide (Cr-CrOx) coating layer in a continuous high speed plating line, operating at a line speed (vl) of at least 100 m-min _1 , wherein one or both sides of the electrically conductive substrate in the form of a strip, moving through the line, is coated with a chromium metal-chromium oxide (Cr-CrOx) coating layer from a single electrolyte by using a plating process, wherein the substrate is a steel substrate which acts as a cathode and wherein the CrOx deposition is driven by the increase of the pH at the substrate/electrolyte interface (i.e.
- a high speed continuous plating line is defined as a plating line through which the substrate to be plated, usually in the form of a strip, is moved at a speed of at least 100 m-min "1 .
- a coil of steel strip is positioned at the entry end of the plating line with its eye extending in a horizontal plane. The leading end of the coiled strip is then uncoiled and welded to the tail end of a strip already being processed. Upon exiting the line the coils are separated again and coiled, or cut to a different length and (usually) coiled .
- the electrodeposition process can thus continue without interruption, and the use of strip accumulators prevents the need for speeding down during welding. It is preferable to use deposition processes which allow even higher speeds.
- the method according to the invention preferably allows producing a coated steel substrate in a continuous high speed plating line, operating at a line speed of at least 200 m-min "1 , more preferably of at least 300 m-min 1 and even more preferably of at least 500 m-min "1 .
- a line speed of at least 200 m-min "1 , more preferably of at least 300 m-min 1 and even more preferably of at least 500 m-min "1 .
- This invention relates to the deposition of chromium and chromium oxide layer (Cr-CrOx) from an aqueous electrolyte by means of electrolysis in a strip plating line.
- the deposition of CrOx is d riven by the increase of the surface pH due to the reduction of H + (more formally : H 3 0 + ) to H 2 (g) at the strip surface (being the cathode), and not by the regular plating process in which metal ions are d ischarged by means of an electrical current according to : Me n+ (aq) + n -e " ⁇ Me(s).
- H + more formally : H 3 0 +
- H 2 (g) at the strip surface (being the cathode)
- metal ions are d ischarged by means of an electrical current according to : Me n+ (aq) + n -e " ⁇ Me(s).
- increasing the current density is sufficient to achieve the same plated thickness when the
- this invention relates to the deposition of a chromium and chromium oxide layer (Cr-CrOx) from a trivalent chromium electrolyte by means of electrolysis in a strip plating line.
- the deposition of CrOx is driven by the increase of the surface pH due to the reduction of H + , and not by the regular plating process in which metal ions are discharged by means of an electrical current.
- the linear relationship shown in Figure 3 provides evidence for the hypothesis that the deposition of Cr(HCOO)(H 2 0)3(OH) 2 (s) on the electrode surface is driven by the diffusion flux.
- the Cr(HCOO)(H 2 0) 3 (OH) 2 (s) deposit is partly further reduced to Cr-metal and partly converted into Cr-carbide.
- Regime I is the region where there is a current, but no deposition yet.
- the surface pH is insufficient for chromium deposition.
- Regime II is when the deposition starts and increases linearly with the current density until it peaks and drops of in regime III where the deposit starts to dissolve.
- FIG. 1 shows the Nernst diffusion layer adjacent to the electrode (c s : surface concentration [mol-m 3 ], c b : bulk concentration [mol-m -3 ], ⁇ : diffusion layer thickness [m], x: distance from electrode [m]).
- the term single plating step intends to mean that the Cr-CrOx is deposited from one electrolyte in one deposition step.
- the deposition of a complex Cr(HCOO)(H 2 0)3(OH) 2 (s) on the surface of the substrate is immediately followed by the formation of Cr-metal, Cr-carbide and some remaining CrOx when the deposition takes place at a current density within regime II.
- D is the diffusion coefficient [m 2 s *] .
- Figure 3 shows the current density as a function of the strip speed required for depositing 60 mg-m "2 Cr as Cr(OH) 3 .
- RCE Rotating Cylinder Electrode
- SPL Strip Plating Line
- the invention is therefore based on the notion to increase the diffusion layer thickness, which is counterintuitive as most electrodeposition reactions benefit from a thin diffusion layer.
- the diffusion layer thickness can be increased by increasing the kinematic viscosity of the electrolyte.
- bromide in a chloride based electrolyte does not prevent the oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) at the anode as is wrongfully claimed in US3954574, US4461680, US4804446, US6004448 and EP0747510, but bromide reduces chlorine formation. So, when chlorides are replaced by sulphates, bromide can be safely removed from the electrolyte, because it serves no purpose anymore. By using a suitable anode the oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) at the anode in a sulphate based electrolyte can be prevented.
- the electrolyte then consists of an aqueous solution of a Cr(III) salt, preferably a Cr(III) sulphate, a conductivity enhancing salt in the form of potassium sulphate and potassium formate as a chelating agent and optionally some sulphuric acid to obtain the desired pH at 25 °C.
- a Cr(III) salt preferably a Cr(III) sulphate
- a conductivity enhancing salt in the form of potassium sulphate and potassium formate as a chelating agent
- optionally some sulphuric acid to obtain the desired pH at 25 °C.
- the pH was adjusted to 2.9 at 25 °C by the addition of H 2 S0 4 .
- the kinematic viscosity v (m 2 -s _1 ) can be calculated by dividing the measured dynamic viscosity (kg-m _1 -s _1 ) by the density (kg-rrf 3 ).
- the conductivity was measured with a Radiometer CDM 83 conductivity meter.
- the last column of the table indicates whether potassium formate (51.2 g/l or 0.609 M) or sodium formate (41.4 g/l, or 0.609 M) was used as complexing agent.
- the difference in formate also explains why the electrolyte with 250 g/l Na 2 S0 4 has a lower conductivity than the electrolyte with 200 g/l Na 2 S0 4 .
- R represents the sum of all resistances in the electrical circuit (electrolyte, bus bars, bus joints, anodes, conductor rolls, carbon brushes, strip, etc.). So, the expected rectifier power saving will be about 42 %
- the conductivity of the Na 2 S0 4 electrolyte is 11 % larger, entailing an additional rectifier power saving.
- XPS measurements show that there is no significant difference in the composition of the Cr-CrOx deposits produced from a Na 2 S0 4 or K 2 S0 4 electrolyte.
- the degree of porosity decreased with higher kinematic viscosity electrolytes due to the lower current densities required and the consequently reduced formation of H 2 (g)-bubbles.
- the samples with a coating weight of about 100 mg-m "2 Cr-CrOx were also analysed by means of XPS (Table 4).
- Table 4 Samples analysed by means of XPS. Type
- one or both sides of the electrically conductive substrate moving through the line is coated with a Cr-CrOx coating layer from a single electrolyte by using a plating process based on a trivalent chromium electrolyte that comprises a trivalent chromium compound, a chelating agent and a conductivity enhancing salt, wherein the electrolyte solution is preferably free of chloride ions and also preferably free of a buffering agent.
- a suitable buffering agent is boric acid, but this is a potentially hazardous chemical, so if possible its use should be avoided. This relatively simple aqueous electrolyte has proven to be most effective in depositing Cr-CrOx.
- the diffusion flux of H + -ions from the bulk of the electrolyte to the substrate/electrolyte interface is reduced by increasing the kinematic viscosity of the electrolyte and/or by moving the strip and the electrolyte through the plating line in concurrent flow wherein the metal strip is transported through the plating line with a velocity (vl) of at least 100 m-s 1 and wherein the electrolyte is transported through the strip plating line with a velocity of v2 (m-s 1 ).
- the kinematic viscosity is increased by using a suitable conductivity enhancing salt in such a concentration so as to obtain an electrolyte with a kinematic viscosity of at least 1- 10 "6 m 2 -s 1 (1.0 cSt) when the kinematic viscosity is measured at 50 °C. Note that this does not mean that the electrolyte is solely used at 50 °C.
- the temperature of 50 °C is intended here to provide a reference point for the measurement of the kinematic viscosity.
- the kinematic viscosity of the electrolyte is at least 1.25- 10 "6 m 2 -s _1 (1.25 cSt), more preferably at least 1.50- 10 "6 m 2 -s _1 (1.50 cSt) and even more preferably 1.75- 10 "6 m 2 -s _1 (1.75 cSt), all when measured at 50 °C.
- a suitable upper limit for the kinematic viscosity is 1- 10 "5 m 2 -s _1 .
- the kinematic viscosity is increased by using sodium sulphate as the conductivity enhancing salt.
- sodium sulphate which has a high solubility in water, the conductivity can be increased to the same level as potassium sulphate, or even exceed that, and simultaneously produce a higher kinematic viscosity.
- the kinematic viscosity is increased by using a thickening agent.
- the kinematic viscosity can also be increased by making the electrolyte more viscous by adding a thickening agent.
- the thickening agent can be inorganic, for example a pyrogenic silica, or organic, for example a polysaccharide.
- suitable polysaccharide gelling or thickening agents are cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, alginic acid or a salt thereof such as sodium alginate, gum arabic, gum karaya, agar, guar gum or hydroxypropyl guar gum, locust bean gum.
- Polysaccharides made by microbial fermentation can be used, for example xanthan gum.
- polysaccharides can be used and may be advantageous in giving a low shear viscosity which is temperature stable.
- An alternative organic gelling agent is gelatin.
- Synthetic polymeric gelling or thickening agents such as polymers of acrylamide or acrylic acid or salts thereof, e.g. polyacrylamide, partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate, or polyvinyl alcohol can alternatively be used.
- the thickening agent is a polysaccharide.
- the chelating agent is sodium formate.
- sodium formate rather than e.g. potassium formate the chemistry is further simplified. The composition of the deposited layers is unaffected by this change.
- the ratio of (vl/v2) is at least 0.25 and/or at most 4. In a preferable embodiment of the invention the ratio of (vl/v2) is at least 0.5 and/or at most 2.
- a plurality (> 1) of Cr-CrOx coating layers is deposited onto one or both sides of the electrically conductive substrate, wherein each layer is deposited in a single step in subsequent plating cells, in subsequent passes through the same plating line or in subsequent passes through subsequent plating lines.
- the mechanism of deposition of CrOx is driven by the increase of the surface pH due to the reduction of H + to H 2 (g) at the strip surface (the cathode). This means that hydrogen bubbles form at the strip surface. The majority of these bubbles are dislodged during the plating process, but a minority may adhere to the substrate for a time sufficient to cause underplating at those spots potentially leading to a small degree porosity of the metal and metal oxide layer (Cr-CrOx).
- the degree of porosity of the coating layer is reduced by depositing a plurality (> 1) of Cr-CrOx coating layers on top of each other on one or both sides of the electrically conductive substrate.
- a layer of chromium (Cr) is first deposited and then a CrOx layer is produced on top in a second process step.
- Cr and CrOx are formed simultaneously (i.e. in one step), indicated as a Cr-CrOx layer.
- the product with a single layer, and thus having some porosity in the Cr-CrOx coating layer passed all the performance tests for a packaging application where the steel substrate with the Cr-CrOx coating layer is provided with a polymer coating. Its performance is thus comparable to the conventional (Cr(VI)-based !) ECCS material with a polymer coating.
- the degree of porosity is reduced by depositing a plurality (> 1) of Cr-CrOx coating layers on top of each other on one or on both sides of the electrically conductive substrate.
- each single Cr-CrOx layer is deposited in a single step, and multiple single layers are deposited e.g. in subsequent plating cells or in subsequent plating lines, or by going through a single cell or plating line more than once. This further reduces the porosity of the Cr-CrOx coating system as a whole.
- the hydrogen bubbles are removed from the surface of the strip. This may happen e.g. by the strip exiting and re-entering the electrolyte, by using a pulse plate rectifier or by a mechanical action such as a shaking action or a brushing action.
- the electrolyte consists of an aqueous solution of chromium (III) sulphate, sodium sulphate and sodium formate, unavoidable impurities and optionally sulphuric acid, the aqueous electrolyte having a pH at 25 °C of between 2.5 and 3.5, preferably at least 2.7 and/or at most 3.1.
- chromium (III) sulphate, sodium sulphate and sodium formate unavoidable impurities and optionally sulphuric acid
- the aqueous electrolyte having a pH at 25 °C of between 2.5 and 3.5, preferably at least 2.7 and/or at most 3.1.
- some material from the substrate may dissolve and end up in the electrolyte. This would be considered an unavoidable impurity in the bath.
- when using not 100% pure chemicals to produce or maintain the electrolyte there there may be something in the bath which was not intended to be there. This would also be considered an unavoidable impurity
- any unavoidable side reactions resulting in the presence of materials in the electrolyte which were not there in the beginning are also considered an unavoidable impurity in the bath.
- the intention is that the bath is an aqueous solution to which only chromium (III) sulphate, sodium sulphate and sodium formate (all added in a suitable form), and optionally sulphuric acid to adjust the pH are added during the initial preparation of the bath and replenishment of the bath during its use.
- the electrolyte needs to be replenished during its use as a result of the occurrence of drag-out (electrolyte sticking to the strip) and as a result of the deposition of (Cr-)CrOx from the electrolyte.
- the electrolyte for depositing the Cr-CrOx layer in a single step consists of an aqueous solution of chromium (III) sulphate, sodium sulphate and sodium formate and optionally sulphuric acid, the aqueous electrolyte having a pH at 25 °C of between 2.5 and 3.5, preferably at least 2.7 and/or at most 3.1.
- the electrolyte contains between 80 and 200 g-l "1 of chromium (III) sulphate, preferably between 80 and 160 g-l "1 of chromium (III) sulphate, between 80 and 320 g-l "1 sodium sulphate, more preferably between 100 and 320 g-l "1 sodium sulphate, even more preferably between 160 and 320 g-l "1 sodium sulphate and between 30 and 80 g-l "1 sodium formate.
- the method according to the invention is applicable to any electrically conductive substrate, it is preferred to select the electrically conductive substrate from :
- iron-tinplate diffusion annealed with an iron-tin alloy consisting of at least 80% of FeSn (50 at.% iron and 50 at.% tin);
- the second aspect of the invention relates to coated metal strip produced in accordance with the method according to the invention.
- the third aspect of the invention relates to a packaging produced from the coated metal strip produced in accordance with the method according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematical representation of the mechanism of the deposition of Cr(OH) 3 on the substrate. Note that the H + -concentration profile is approximated by a straight line for simplicity. The ⁇ again indicates the stagnant layer in the Nernst diffusion layer concept.
- Figure 3 shows how the required current density for the deposition of a fixed amount of Cr(OH) 3 increases when the speed of the strip moving through a plating line increases.
- the increase of current density would be sufficient.
- the mechanism based on deposition of Cr(OH) 3 the high speeds result in a thinner diffusion layer thickness, and therefore the unwanted diffusion of H + to the electrode speeds up as well.
- Figure 4 shows the Cr-CrOx vs. current density plots: a threshold value before Cr-CrOx deposition starts, a peak followed by a sudden, steep decline ending in a plateau.
- Figure 5 shows Cr-CrOx vs. current density plots for different electrolytes and for varying amounts of sodium phosphate.
- Figure 6 shows a cut-out from Figure 5 which shows the current density for depositing 100 mg/m 2 Cr, which is a suitable target value.
- Figure 7 plots the coating composition is vs. current density for 200 g/l Na 2 S0 4 for a deposition time of 1 second, and in Figure 8, the coating composition weight is plotted vs. deposition time for a current density of 20 A/dm 2 and for 200 g/l Na 2 S0 4 .
- the maximum current density (Regime III - as depicted in Figure 4 and 5, which for 200 g/l Na 2 S0 4 is about 25 A/dm 2 )
- the amount of Cr-metal drops and the coating is increasingly composed of Cr- oxide with increasing current density.
- the amount of Cr-carbide is about the same for all deposition times in Figure 8.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2947794A CA2947794C (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating a moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby |
ES15726900T ES2743802T3 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for veneering a moving metal strip |
US15/308,017 US10422049B2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating a moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby |
DK15726900.2T DK3146092T3 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | PROCEDURE FOR PLATING A MOVING METAL BAND |
RU2016149660A RU2690156C2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for coating a moving metal strip and a coated metal strip produced by said method |
BR112016025251-9A BR112016025251B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for coating a moving metal strip |
KR1020167030391A KR102361074B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating a moⅵng metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby |
JP2016567068A JP6571112B2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby |
EP15726900.2A EP3146092B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating a moving metal strip |
CN201580027093.XA CN106414806B (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | For the method and the thus coated metal item that manufactures of mobile metal strip to be electroplated |
MX2016013455A MX2016013455A (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating a moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby. |
RSP20191115 RS59282B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating a moving metal strip |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14169312.7 | 2014-05-21 | ||
EP14169312 | 2014-05-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015177314A1 true WO2015177314A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
Family
ID=50732974
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2015/061332 WO2015177314A1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | Method for plating a moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10422049B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3146092B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6571112B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102361074B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106414806B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112016025251B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2947794C (en) |
DK (1) | DK3146092T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2743802T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2016013455A (en) |
RS (1) | RS59282B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2690156C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015177314A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3378973A1 (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-09-26 | Tata Steel IJmuiden B.V. | Method for manufacturing chromium-chromium oxide coated blackplate |
WO2019121582A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Method for manufacturing chromium-chromium oxide coated blackplate |
CN110062819A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-07-26 | 塔塔钢铁艾默伊登有限责任公司 | Method for using coating layer that uncoated steel band is electroplated |
EP3666928A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-17 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Process of fabricating a metal band having a chromium and chromium oxide coating using a trivalent chromium containing electrolyte |
EP3666931A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-17 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Process of fabricating a metal band having a chromium and chromium oxide coating using a trivalent chromium containing electrolyte |
EP3722464A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-14 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Method for passivating the surface of a black plate or a tin plate and electrolysis system for carrying out the method |
DE102019109356A1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-15 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Process for the production of a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide based on an electrolyte solution with a trivalent chromium compound and an electrolysis system for carrying out the process |
EP3751022A4 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-11-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Steel sheet for containers and method for producing steel sheet for containers |
WO2022013387A1 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-20 | Tata Steel Nederland Technology B.V. | Method for electrodepositing a functional or decorative chromium layer from a trivalent chromium electrolyte |
EP3526374B1 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2022-09-07 | Coventya S.p.A. | Method for increasing the corrosion resistance of a chrome-plated substrate |
EP4159896A2 (en) | 2021-10-04 | 2023-04-05 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Method for passivating the surface of a white sheet and electrolysis system for carrying out the method |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2915523C (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2017-09-12 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Method for manufacturing chromium-chromium oxide coated substrates |
KR20210129124A (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2021-10-27 | 타타 스틸 이즈무이덴 베.뷔. | Method of electrolytic deposition of a chromium oxide layer |
EP3931374A1 (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2022-01-05 | Tata Steel IJmuiden B.V. | Method for manufacturing chromium oxide coated tinplate |
CN113235143B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆大学 | Method for continuously synthesizing metal oxide or metal deposit micro/nano structure on electrode by mobile in-situ thin layer electrolysis method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005033371A2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-14 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Apparatus and method for treatment of metal surfaces by inorganic electrophoretic passivation |
EP2557202A1 (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2013-02-13 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Process for production of steel sheet for container material which has reduced load on environments, steel sheet for container material which has reduced load on environments, and laminate steel sheet for container material and coated precoat steel sheet for container material which are produced using the steel sheet |
WO2013143928A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv | Coated substrate for packaging applications and a method for producing said coated substrate |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1455580A (en) | 1973-12-13 | 1976-11-17 | Albright & Wilson | Electrodeposition of chromium |
GB1580137A (en) * | 1977-05-24 | 1980-11-26 | Bnf Metals Tech Centre | Electrolytic deposition of protective chromite-containing coatings |
IT1161593B (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1987-03-18 | Lavezzari Impianti Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE PROTECTION OF GALVANIZED STEEL LAMINATES BY MULTILAYER ELECTROLYTIC COATING |
US4461680A (en) | 1983-12-30 | 1984-07-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce | Process and bath for electroplating nickel-chromium alloys |
US4804446A (en) | 1986-09-19 | 1989-02-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce | Electrodeposition of chromium from a trivalent electrolyte |
IT1241489B (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1994-01-17 | Sviluppo Materiali Spa | PROCESSING FOR CONTINUOUS COATING WITH METALLIC CHROME AND CHROMIUM OXIDE OF METALLIC SURFACES. |
JP3188361B2 (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 2001-07-16 | ペルメレック電極株式会社 | Chrome plating method |
US6004448A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1999-12-21 | Atotech Usa, Inc. | Deposition of chromium oxides from a trivalent chromium solution containing a complexing agent for a buffer |
JP3952573B2 (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2007-08-01 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Manufacturing method of tin-free steel with excellent corrosion resistance |
JP2007153791A (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2007-06-21 | Lion Corp | Shampoo composition |
RU2417273C2 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2011-04-27 | Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн | Steel material of high corrosion resistance produced by hot-dip galvanising |
US8580221B2 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2013-11-12 | Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chromium (III) carbonate and process for producing the same |
CN101643924B (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-07-27 | 广州市二轻工业科学技术研究所 | Full-sulfate trivalent-chromium solution for plating thick chromium and plating method |
CN101665960A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-03-10 | 厦门大学 | Trivalent chromium sulfate plating solution and preparation method thereof |
KR101198353B1 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-11-09 | 한국기계연구원 | Trivalent chromium plating solution and plating method using the same |
JP5517164B2 (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2014-06-11 | 奥野製薬工業株式会社 | Trivalent chromium plating method by barrel plating |
CN104540673B (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 塔塔钢铁艾默伊登有限责任公司 | For packaging applications coated polymer base material and manufacture described coating base material method |
-
2015
- 2015-05-21 BR BR112016025251-9A patent/BR112016025251B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-05-21 US US15/308,017 patent/US10422049B2/en active Active
- 2015-05-21 MX MX2016013455A patent/MX2016013455A/en unknown
- 2015-05-21 CA CA2947794A patent/CA2947794C/en active Active
- 2015-05-21 DK DK15726900.2T patent/DK3146092T3/en active
- 2015-05-21 WO PCT/EP2015/061332 patent/WO2015177314A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-05-21 KR KR1020167030391A patent/KR102361074B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-05-21 JP JP2016567068A patent/JP6571112B2/en active Active
- 2015-05-21 RS RSP20191115 patent/RS59282B1/en unknown
- 2015-05-21 CN CN201580027093.XA patent/CN106414806B/en active Active
- 2015-05-21 ES ES15726900T patent/ES2743802T3/en active Active
- 2015-05-21 EP EP15726900.2A patent/EP3146092B1/en active Active
- 2015-05-21 RU RU2016149660A patent/RU2690156C2/en active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005033371A2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-14 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Apparatus and method for treatment of metal surfaces by inorganic electrophoretic passivation |
EP2557202A1 (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2013-02-13 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Process for production of steel sheet for container material which has reduced load on environments, steel sheet for container material which has reduced load on environments, and laminate steel sheet for container material and coated precoat steel sheet for container material which are produced using the steel sheet |
WO2013143928A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv | Coated substrate for packaging applications and a method for producing said coated substrate |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110062819B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2021-07-23 | 塔塔钢铁艾默伊登有限责任公司 | Method for electroplating uncoated steel strip with a coating |
CN110062819A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-07-26 | 塔塔钢铁艾默伊登有限责任公司 | Method for using coating layer that uncoated steel band is electroplated |
JP2019533768A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2019-11-21 | タタ、スティール、アイモイデン、ベスローテン、フェンノートシャップTata Steel Ijmuiden Bv | Method of electroplating an uncoated steel strip with a plating layer |
JP7066707B2 (en) | 2016-11-14 | 2022-05-13 | タタ、スティール、アイモイデン、ベスローテン、フェンノートシャップ | How to electroplat an uncoated steel strip with a plating layer |
EP3378973A1 (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-09-26 | Tata Steel IJmuiden B.V. | Method for manufacturing chromium-chromium oxide coated blackplate |
EP3526374B1 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2022-09-07 | Coventya S.p.A. | Method for increasing the corrosion resistance of a chrome-plated substrate |
WO2019121582A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Tata Steel Ijmuiden B.V. | Method for manufacturing chromium-chromium oxide coated blackplate |
US11542620B2 (en) | 2018-02-09 | 2023-01-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Steel sheet for containers and method for producing steel sheet for containers |
EP3751022A4 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-11-03 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Steel sheet for containers and method for producing steel sheet for containers |
US11274373B2 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2022-03-15 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Method for the production of a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide using an electrolyte solution with a trivalent chromium compound |
EP3666931A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-17 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Process of fabricating a metal band having a chromium and chromium oxide coating using a trivalent chromium containing electrolyte |
EP3666928A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-17 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Process of fabricating a metal band having a chromium and chromium oxide coating using a trivalent chromium containing electrolyte |
US11396713B2 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2022-07-26 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Method for the production of a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide using an electrolyte solution with a trivalent chromium compound |
DE102018132075A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | thysenkrupp AG | Process for producing a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide based on an electrolyte solution with a trivalent chromium compound |
DE102018132074A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | thysenkrupp AG | Process for producing a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide based on an electrolyte solution with a trivalent chromium compound |
EP3722464A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-14 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Method for passivating the surface of a black plate or a tin plate and electrolysis system for carrying out the method |
DE102019109354A1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-15 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Process for passivating the surface of a black plate or a tin plate and an electrolysis system for carrying out the process |
US11401621B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2022-08-02 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Method of producing a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide using an electrolyte solution with a trivalent chromium compound and electrolysis system for implementing the method |
DE102019109356A1 (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-15 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Process for the production of a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide based on an electrolyte solution with a trivalent chromium compound and an electrolysis system for carrying out the process |
EP3733932A1 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2020-11-04 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Method for producing a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide based on an electrolytic solution containing a trivalent chromium compound and electrolytic system for performing the method |
WO2022013387A1 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-20 | Tata Steel Nederland Technology B.V. | Method for electrodepositing a functional or decorative chromium layer from a trivalent chromium electrolyte |
EP4159896A2 (en) | 2021-10-04 | 2023-04-05 | ThyssenKrupp Rasselstein GmbH | Method for passivating the surface of a white sheet and electrolysis system for carrying out the method |
DE102021125696A1 (en) | 2021-10-04 | 2023-04-06 | Thyssenkrupp Rasselstein Gmbh | Process for passivating the surface of a tinplate and an electrolysis system for carrying out the process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3146092A1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
ES2743802T3 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
RS59282B1 (en) | 2019-10-31 |
US10422049B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
KR102361074B1 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
CA2947794A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
BR112016025251B1 (en) | 2022-06-21 |
KR20170007268A (en) | 2017-01-18 |
BR112016025251A2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
MX2016013455A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
DK3146092T3 (en) | 2019-09-16 |
RU2690156C2 (en) | 2019-05-31 |
EP3146092B1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
US20170081773A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
CA2947794C (en) | 2022-06-21 |
CN106414806B (en) | 2019-05-10 |
RU2016149660A3 (en) | 2018-12-03 |
RU2016149660A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
CN106414806A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
JP6571112B2 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
JP2017519103A (en) | 2017-07-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10422049B2 (en) | Method for plating a moving metal strip and coated metal strip produced thereby | |
JP7000405B2 (en) | A method for producing a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide using an electrolytic solution containing a trivalent chromium compound. | |
CA3043486C (en) | Method for electroplating an uncoated steel strip with a plating layer | |
WO2013038928A1 (en) | Positive electrode for electrolytic plating and electrolytic plating method using positive electrode | |
EP2855738B1 (en) | Additives for producing copper electrodeposits having low oxygen content | |
JP6949095B2 (en) | A method for producing a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide using an electrolytic solution containing a trivalent chromium compound. | |
GB2047744A (en) | Electrolytic alloy plating | |
WO2018185154A1 (en) | Method for electrolytically depositing a chromium or chromium alloy layer on at least one substrate | |
JP6934971B2 (en) | A method for producing a metal strip coated with a coating of chromium and chromium oxide using an electrolytic solution containing a trivalent chromium compound and an electrolytic system for carrying out this method. | |
Anicai et al. | Studies regarding the nickel electrodeposition from choline chloride based ionic liquids | |
JP6989646B2 (en) | A method for passivating the surface of a black plate or tinplate and an electrolytic system for carrying out the method. | |
JP5994960B1 (en) | Steel plate for container and method for producing steel plate for container | |
CN115768927A (en) | Method for electrodepositing a functional or decorative chromium layer from a trivalent chromium electrolyte | |
JP6066030B2 (en) | Steel plate for container and method for producing steel plate for container | |
KR101536563B1 (en) | Aluminum electroplating method | |
JP5817403B2 (en) | Anode material for plating, manufacturing method of anode material for plating | |
JPH03193893A (en) | Method for tinning galvanized steel sheet |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15726900 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015726900 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2015726900 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: MX/A/2016/013455 Country of ref document: MX |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20167030391 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15308017 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2947794 Country of ref document: CA |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016567068 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112016025251 Country of ref document: BR |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016149660 Country of ref document: RU Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112016025251 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20161027 |