WO2015176533A1 - 一种电池板接入模式的判断方法及逆变器 - Google Patents

一种电池板接入模式的判断方法及逆变器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015176533A1
WO2015176533A1 PCT/CN2014/095297 CN2014095297W WO2015176533A1 WO 2015176533 A1 WO2015176533 A1 WO 2015176533A1 CN 2014095297 W CN2014095297 W CN 2014095297W WO 2015176533 A1 WO2015176533 A1 WO 2015176533A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
input
side circuit
value
access mode
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
耿后来
曹金虎
金曼
倪华
伍永富
李浩源
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular, to a method for judging a battery panel access mode and an inverter.
  • the general system will adopt a multi-input access mode, as shown in Figure 1, taking two battery panels PV1 and PV2 as an example for description, application.
  • the prior art if there is a large difference in input voltage among the multiple inputs, it is considered to be an independent access mode, and independent control is adopted; if the voltages in the multiple inputs are close, the inverter cannot determine that it is independent.
  • the access mode is also a parallel access mode.
  • the prior art inverter requires the application to send an instruction to run in parallel or independently through the liquid crystal delivery or through a hardware DIP switch, and then apply corresponding control; however, in actual situations The application does not necessarily realize the discrimination for the multi-access mode, so that the actual access mode does not match the application control, resulting in incorrect control of the inverter, resulting in loss of input power.
  • the present invention provides a method for judging a battery panel access mode and an inverter to solve the problem of loss of input power caused by employing error control in the prior art.
  • a method for judging a battery panel access mode is applied to an inverter in a photovoltaic power generation system, the inverter includes: a multi-channel DC side circuit, an inverter bridge, and a controller, wherein the multiple DC side circuits are The method includes a DC input and a switch tube; and the method for determining the access mode of the battery board includes:
  • the controller detects a voltage value of an input end of the multiple DC side circuit
  • the controller determines whether a difference between voltage values of the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits is greater than a preset value
  • the controller determines that the difference between the voltage values of the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits is greater than the preset value, determining that the panel is in an independent access mode
  • the controller determines that the difference between the voltage values of the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits is less than or equal to the preset value, then the panel is defaulted to the parallel access mode;
  • the controller When the panel defaults to the parallel access mode, the controller generates and outputs the same current reference value to the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit through voltage control, and re-detects the multiple DC side The voltage value at the input of the circuit and the judgment of the access mode.
  • the method further includes:
  • the controller detects a voltage value of an output end of each of the panels
  • the controller determines whether the voltage values at the output ends of the respective panels are greater than a minimum grid-connected voltage value
  • the controller determines that at least one of the voltage values of the output ends of the respective panels is less than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, determining that the panel is in an independent access mode
  • the controller determines that the voltage value of the output end of each of the panels is greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, the grid is started when the system meets other grid-connected conditions, and the determination of the access mode is continued.
  • the controller generates and outputs the same current reference value to the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit by voltage control, and the step of re-detecting the voltage value of the input end of the multiple DC side circuit specifically includes: :
  • the controller performs PI adjustment control and limiting control on the difference between the voltage value of one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit and the reference value thereof, and generates and outputs the same current reference value to the multiple DC side.
  • DC input in the circuit
  • the controller respectively performs PI adjustment control and limiting control on the difference between the same current reference value and the current feedback value of the DC input of the multiple DC side circuit, and then outputs a control signal to the respectively a control end of the switching tube of the multi-channel DC side circuit;
  • the voltage value at the input of the multiple DC side circuit is re-detected.
  • the preset value is less than or equal to a maximum open circuit voltage of the single battery panel.
  • An inverter is applied between a photovoltaic panel and an AC power grid, and the inverter includes:
  • the multiple DC side circuits each include a DC input and a switch tube;
  • An inverter bridge connected to the output end of the multi-channel DC side circuit, and an output end of the inverter bridge is connected to the AC power grid;
  • a controller respectively connected to the multiple DC side circuit and the inverter bridge, configured to detect a voltage value at an input end of the multiple DC side circuit; and determine a voltage value between the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits Whether the difference is greater than a preset value; when it is determined that the difference between the voltage values of the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits is greater than the preset value, determining that the panel is an independent access mode; When the difference between the voltage values of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit is less than or equal to the preset value, the battery board is in a parallel access mode by default; when the battery board defaults to the parallel access mode And generating, by the voltage control, the same current reference value to the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit, re-detecting the voltage value of the input end of the multiple DC side circuit, and determining the access mode.
  • the controller is further configured to detect a voltage value of the output end of each of the battery boards; and determine whether the voltage values of the output ends of the respective battery boards are greater than a minimum grid-connected voltage value; Determining that the panel is in an independent access mode when at least one of the voltage values of the output terminals is less than the minimum grid-connected voltage value; determining that the voltage values at the output ends of the respective panels are greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage The value starts to be connected to the network when the system meets other grid-connected conditions, and continues to judge the access mode.
  • the controller comprises:
  • a current reference value generating unit configured to perform a PI adjustment control and a limiter control on a difference between a voltage value of one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit and a reference value thereof, and generate and output the same current reference value to the Describe the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit;
  • a plurality of switch tube control units respectively connected to the output end of the current set value generating unit, wherein the output ends of the switch tube control unit are respectively connected to the corresponding switch tube control ends for respectively respectively respectively After performing the PI adjustment control and the limiter control on the difference between the fixed value and the current feedback value of the DC input of the multiple DC side circuit, respectively outputting the control signal to the control end of the switch tube of the multiple DC side circuit;
  • the number of the switch tube control units is the same as the number of the DC side circuits.
  • the current given value generating unit comprises:
  • a subtracter configured to calculate a difference between a voltage value of one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit and a reference value thereof
  • a voltage PI adjustment module connected to the output of the subtractor for performing PI adjustment control on a difference between a voltage value of one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit and a reference value thereof;
  • a voltage limiting module connected to the output end of the voltage PI regulating module for limiting the output signal of the voltage PI adjusting module, generating and outputting the same current setting value to the multi-channel DC DC input in the side circuit.
  • the switch tube control unit comprises:
  • a current subtractor connected to the output of the current setpoint generating unit for calculating a difference between the current set value and a current feedback value of a DC input in the corresponding DC side circuit
  • a current PI adjusting module connected to the output of the current subtractor for performing PI adjustment control on a difference between the current set value and a current feedback value of a DC input in the corresponding DC side circuit
  • a voltage limiting module connected to the output end of the current PI adjusting module, the output end of the voltage limiting module is connected to the control end of the corresponding switching tube in the DC side circuit, for the current
  • the output signal of the PI regulating module performs limiting control, and generates and outputs a control signal to the switching tube in the DC side circuit.
  • the method for judging the access mode of the panel of the present invention detects the voltage value at the input end of the multi-channel DC side circuit through the controller; and determines whether the difference between the voltage values is less than Setting a value; when it is determined that the difference is not less than the preset value, determining that the panel is in an independent access mode; when determining that the difference is less than the preset value, the battery board is connected in parallel by default The access mode; when the battery board defaults to the parallel access mode, generating and outputting the same current reference value to the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit by voltage control, and re-detecting the multiple DC side
  • the controller in the inverter has the function of judging the access mode, without the actual judgment of the application, and avoiding the error of the application maker to make the inverter The problem of input power loss caused by the wrong control.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic power generation system of the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining a battery panel access mode according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of power waveforms of two DC-side circuits disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining a two-way battery panel access mode according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a method for judging a battery panel access mode to solve the problem of input power loss caused by using error control in the prior art.
  • the method for determining a battery panel access mode is applied to an inverter in a photovoltaic power generation system, and the inverter includes: a multi-channel DC side circuit, an inverter bridge, and a controller, and the multi-channel DC
  • the side circuits each include a DC input and a switch tube;
  • the method for determining the access mode of the battery board, as shown in FIG. 2 includes:
  • the controller detects a voltage value of an input end of the multiple DC side circuit.
  • this step should be implemented by a voltage sensor inside the controller.
  • the controller determines whether a difference between voltage values at an input end of the multiple DC side circuit is greater than a preset value
  • the preset value may be selected according to a specific situation, but the preset value should be less than or equal to the maximum open circuit voltage of the single battery board, and the hardware sampling precision is considered, and the preset is generally The value is not less than 5V.
  • the controller determines that a difference between voltage values of the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits is less than or equal to the preset value, the battery board is in a parallel access mode by default;
  • the description may be a parallel access mode, but it may also be a short voltage value due to illumination or the like.
  • the time is relatively close, but in fact it is the independent access mode, so further judgment is needed; here, the battery board is connected in parallel mode, and the software control is also controlled according to the parallel access mode.
  • the controller When the panel defaults to the parallel access mode, the controller generates and outputs the same current reference value to the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit by voltage control, and detects the multiple channel again. The voltage value at the input of the DC side circuit and the judgment of the access mode.
  • the multi-channel DC side circuit causes the voltage value at the input end thereof to be relatively close due to illumination or the like, and is actually an independent access mode, in this case, parallel control is adopted, and the controller will be directed to the multiple DC side.
  • the same current command is issued in the circuit.
  • the power of the multiple DC side circuit is slightly different, the voltage value at the input end of the multiple DC side circuit is immediately pulled apart, and the power difference is larger, and the voltage is pulled apart.
  • the two panels PV1 and PV2 are taken as an example.
  • the curves L1 and L2 are curves with the two open circuit voltages being very close. When the controller is disturbed to the left, the same is issued.
  • the controller in the inverter has the function of determining the access mode by using the above steps, without the actual judgment of the application, and avoiding the error of the application maker.
  • the inverter employs erroneous control, which in turn causes problems with input power loss.
  • the method for determining the access mode of the panel includes:
  • the controller detects a voltage value of an output end of each of the battery boards.
  • the voltage values at the output ends of the respective panels are detected to prepare for starting the grid connection.
  • the controller determines whether the voltage values of the output ends of the respective panels are greater than a minimum grid-connected voltage value
  • step S203 is performed;
  • the controller detects a voltage value of an input end of the multiple DC side circuit.
  • the controller determines whether a difference between voltage values of the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits is greater than a preset value
  • step S203 is performed;
  • the default panel is a parallel access mode.
  • the controller determines that the difference between the voltage values of the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits is less than or equal to the preset value, then the panel is defaulted to the parallel access mode;
  • the controller When the panel defaults to the parallel access mode, the controller generates and outputs the same current reference value to the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit by voltage control, and detects the multiple channel again. The voltage value at the input of the DC side circuit and the judgment of the access mode.
  • the method for judging the access mode of the panel disclosed in the embodiment detects the voltage value of the output end of each panel before the grid connection, and determines whether each value is greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, and then satisfies other In the case of grid-connected conditions, the grid connection may be started. Before the grid connection, it may be determined that at least one of the values is less than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, and the system belongs to the independent access mode, and does not have to wait for the grid connection. Then, the judgment is performed; but for a part of the system whose values are greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, the steps S205 to S208 are also required to implement the judgment of the access mode.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a method for judging the access mode of the two-way battery board.
  • the specific quantity and application environment should also be considered.
  • the PV voltage detection and determination step is appropriately increased, and the logic processing still detects the difference of the PV voltages, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • S105 in FIG. 2 and S208 in FIG. 4 are specifically:
  • the controller When the panel defaults to the parallel access mode, the controller generates and outputs the difference between the voltage value of one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit and the reference value thereof by PI adjustment control and limiting control.
  • the controller respectively performs PI adjustment control and limiting control on the difference between the same current reference value and the current feedback value of the DC input of the multiple DC side circuit, and then outputs the control signal to the respective The control end of the switch tube of the multi-channel DC side circuit;
  • the controller re-detects the voltage value of the input end of the multiple DC side circuit and determines the access mode.
  • the above steps are a specific process of S105 in FIG. 2 and S208 in FIG. 4, mainly for the controller to generate and output the same current reference value to the DC in the multiple DC side circuit through the outer loop voltage control.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention further provides an inverter, which is applied to a photovoltaic power generation system, as shown in FIG. 5, and is connected between the battery board 100 and the AC power grid 200.
  • the inverter 300 includes:
  • the DC side circuit 301 of the multiple output terminals is connected in parallel, and the input ends of the multiple DC side circuits 301 are respectively connected to the output ends of the corresponding battery boards 100, and the multiple DC side circuits 301 each include a DC input and a switch tube S.
  • the DC input includes an inductor L and a diode D;
  • the input end is connected to the inverter bridge 302 connected to the output end of the multi-channel DC side circuit 301, and the output end of the inverter bridge 302 is connected to the AC power grid 200;
  • a controller 303 is connected to the multiple DC side circuit 301 and the inverter bridge 302, respectively.
  • the controller 303 detects the voltage value at the input end of the multiple DC side circuit 301; and determines whether the difference between the voltage values at the input end of the multiple DC side circuit 301 is greater than a preset value; when determining the multiple DC side When the difference between the voltage values at the input end of the circuit 301 is greater than the preset value, it is determined that the panel 100 is in an independent access mode; when it is determined that the difference between the voltage values at the input end of the multiple DC side circuit 301 is less than or When the preset value is equal to, the default panel 100 is in the parallel access mode; when the panel 100 defaults to the parallel access mode, the same current setpoint is generated and outputted by the voltage control to the multi-channel DC side circuit 301.
  • the DC input re-detects the voltage value at the input end of the multi-channel DC side circuit 301 and judges the access mode.
  • the inverter 300 disclosed in this embodiment enables the controller 303 in the inverter 300 to have the function of determining the access mode through the above process, without the actual judgment of the application, and avoiding the error of the application maker to make the inverter 300 adopt. Wrong control, which in turn leads to problems with input power loss.
  • the controller 303 is further configured to detect the voltage value of the output end of each of the battery boards 100; and determine whether the voltage values of the output ends of the respective battery boards 100 are greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage value; when determining the voltage of the output end of each of the battery boards 100 If at least one of the values is less than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, determining that the panel 100 is in an independent access mode; when determining that the voltage value at the output of each panel 100 is greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, the system satisfies Under other conditions of grid connection, the network is started and the access mode is judged.
  • the controller 303 detects the voltage value of the output end of each panel 100 before the grid connection, and determines whether each value is greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, and then satisfies other grid connection. In the case of the condition, the grid connection is started. Before the grid connection, it can be determined that at least one of the values is less than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, and the system belongs to the independent access mode, and does not have to wait until the grid is connected. A determination is made; but for a part of the system in which each value is greater than the minimum grid-connected voltage value, the determination process described in the foregoing embodiment is required to implement the determination of the access mode.
  • the controller 303 includes:
  • the input ends are respectively connected to the plurality of switch tube control units 320 connected to the output end of the current set value generating unit 310, and the output ends of the switch tube control unit 320 are respectively connected to the corresponding switch tube control ends;
  • the number N of the switch tube control units 320 is the same as the number of the DC side circuits.
  • the current reference value generating unit 310 performs PI adjustment control and limiter control on the difference between the voltage value V of one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit and the reference value V-REF, and generates and outputs the same current reference value.
  • I-REF to the DC input in the multiple DC side circuit;
  • the switch control unit 320 respectively sets the current reference value I-REF and the current feedback value of the DC input of the multiple DC side circuit (IL1-RED to After the difference between the ILN-RED and the PI control and the limit control, the control signal is respectively output to the control end of the switch of the multi-channel DC side circuit.
  • the controller 303 generates and outputs the same current reference value I-REF to the DC input in the multi-channel DC side circuit through the outer loop voltage control, and then controls the current through the inner loop current respectively. And outputting a control signal to the control end of the switch tube of the multi-channel DC side circuit, so that the voltage value of the input end of the multi-channel DC side circuit is changed, and then detecting and judging again.
  • the current reference value generating unit 310 includes:
  • a voltage PI adjustment module 332 connected to the output of the subtractor 331;
  • a voltage limiting module 333 connected to the output end of the voltage PI adjustment module 332;
  • the switch tube control unit 320 includes:
  • a current subtractor 341 connected to the output of the current setpoint generating unit 310;
  • a current PI adjustment module 342 connected to the output of the current subtractor 341;
  • the voltage limiting module 343 is connected to the output end of the current PI adjusting module 342, and the output end of the voltage limiting module 343 is respectively connected to the corresponding switching tube control end of the DC side circuit.
  • the voltage sensor detects the voltage value V of the input end of the multiple DC side circuit, wherein the voltage value V is preferably the voltage value of the input end of the first DC side circuit, and of course, the input end of the other DC side circuit can also be selected.
  • a voltage value; a subtractor 331 calculates a difference between a voltage value V of one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit and a reference value V-REF thereof; and a voltage value of the voltage input adjustment module 332 for one of the input terminals of the multiple DC side circuit
  • the difference between V and its reference value V-REF is PI adjustment control; the voltage limiting module 333 performs limiting control on the output signal of the voltage PI adjustment module 332, generates and outputs the same current reference value I-REF to the plurality of DC input in the DC side circuit; each current subtractor 341 calculates the same current reference value I-REF and corresponding in the multiple DC side circuit
  • the difference between the current feedback value of the DC input one of IL1-RED to
  • the controller sends the same current command to the multiple DC side circuit, and if the power of the multiple DC side circuit is slightly different, the input end of the multiple DC side circuit The voltage value will be pulled open immediately. The larger the power difference is, the larger the voltage is pulled apart. The voltage value at the input end of the multi-channel DC side circuit is changed, and then the detection and judgment are performed again.

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Abstract

一种逆变器及其电池板接入模式的判断方法。该判断方法包括通过控制器检测多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值（S101，S201）；并判断各电压值之间的差值是否小于预设值（S102，S206）；当判断差值大于预设值时，则判断电池板为独立接入模式（S103，S203）；当判断差值小于或等于预设值时，则默认电池板为并联接入模式（S104，S207）；当电池板默认为并联接入模式时，通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至多路直流侧电路（S105，S208），重新检测多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。该判断方法使得逆变器中的控制器具有接入模式的判断功能，无需应用者的实际判断，避免了应用者判断错误使逆变器采用错误的控制，进而导致的输入功率损失的问题。

Description

一种电池板接入模式的判断方法及逆变器
本申请要求于2014年5月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410220246.X、发明名称为“一种电池板接入模式的判断方法及逆变器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏发电技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池板接入模式的判断方法及逆变器。
背景技术
当前在光伏发电系统中，由于应用者对于电池板配置的实际需要，一般系统会采用多路输入的接入方式，如图1所示，以两块电池板PV1和PV2为例进行说明，应用者对于电池板的配置存在两种接入模式：相互独立、各不干扰的独立接入模式，此时其控制则采用独立控制；或者将两块电池板PV1和PV2的正端相连，PV1和PV2的负端相连，称为并联接入模式，其控制则采用并联控制。
现有技术中，如果多路输入中存在输入电压差值较大的情况，则认为是独立接入模式，采用独立控制；如果多路输入中的电压接近时，逆变器无法判断出是独立接入模式还是并联接入模式，现有技术的逆变器是要求应用者通过液晶下发或通过硬件拨码开关发送并联运行或独立运行的指令，然后应用相应的控制；然而在实际情况中，应用者并不一定能够实现对于多路接入模式的判别，从而会出现实际接入模式与其应用控制不符的情况，导致逆变器控制有误，从而导致输入功率损失。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种电池板接入模式的判断方法及逆变器，以解决现有技术中因采用错误控制而导致的输入功率损失的问题。
一种电池板接入模式的判断方法，应用于光伏发电系统中的逆变器，所述逆变器包括：多路直流侧电路、逆变桥及控制器，所述多路直流侧电路均包括直流输入和开关管；所述电池板接入模式的判断方法包括：
所述控制器检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；
所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值是否大于预设值；
当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于所述预设值时，判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；
当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，则默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；
当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，所述控制器通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
优选的，还包括：
所述控制器检测所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值；
所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值是否均大于最小并网电压值；
当所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值，则判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；
当所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值均大于所述最小并网电压值，则在系统满足其他并网条件情况下开始并网，并继续进行接入模式的判断。
优选的，所述控制器通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值的步骤具体包括：
所述控制器将所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入；
所述控制器分别将所述相同的电流给定值与所述多路直流侧电路的直流输入的电流反馈值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，再分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端；
重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值。
优选的，所述预设值小于等于所述单块电池板的最大开路电压。
一种逆变器，应用光伏发电系统，连接于电池板与交流电网之间，所述逆变器包括：
多路输出端并联的直流侧电路，所述多路直流侧电路的输入端分别与各自对应的所述电池板的输出端相连，所述多路直流侧电路均包括直流输入和开关管；
输入端与所述多路直流侧电路输出端相连的逆变桥，所述逆变桥的输出端与所述交流电网相连；
分别与所述多路直流侧电路及逆变桥相连的控制器，用于检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；并判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值是否大于预设值；当判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于所述预设值时，判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；当判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，则默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
优选的，所述控制器还用于检测所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值；并判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值是否均大于最小并网电压值；当判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值，则判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；当判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值均大于所述最小并网电压值，则在系统满足其他并网条件情况下开始并网，并继续进行接入模式的判断。
优选的，所述控制器包括：
电流给定值生成单元，用于将所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入；
输入端分别与所述电流给定值生成单元输出端相连的多个开关管控制单元，所述开关管控制单元的输出端分别与相应的开关管控制端相连，用于分别将所述电流给定值与所述多路直流侧电路的直流输入的电流反馈值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，再分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端；
其中，所述开关管控制单元的个数与所述直流侧电路的个数相同。
优选的，所述电流给定值生成单元包括：
减法器，用于计算所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值；
与所述减法器输出端相连的电压PI调节模块，用于对所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值进行PI调节控制；
输入端与所述电压PI调节模块输出端相连的电压限幅模块，用于对所述电压PI调节模块的输出信号进行限幅控制，生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入。
优选的，所述开关管控制单元包括：
与所述电流给定值生成单元输出端相连的电流减法器，用于计算所述电流给定值与相应的所述直流侧电路中直流输入的电流反馈值的差值；
与所述电流减法器输出端相连的电流PI调节模块，用于对所述电流给定值与相应的所述直流侧电路中直流输入的电流反馈值的差值进行PI调节控制；
输入端与所述电流PI调节模块输出端相连的电压限幅模块，所述电压限幅模块的输出端与对应的所述直流侧电路中的开关管的控制端相连，用于对所述电流PI调节模块的输出信号进行限幅控制，生成并输出控制信号至所述直流侧电路中的开关管。
从上述的技术方案可以看出，本发明公开的电池板接入模式的判断方法，通过控制器检测多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；并判断各电压值之间的差值是否小于预设值；当判断所述差值不小于所述预设值时，则判断电池板为独立接入模式；当判断所述差值小于所述预设值时，则默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断；使得逆变器中的控制器具有接入模式的判断功能，无需应用者的实际判断，避免了应用者判断错误使所述逆变器采用错误的控制，进而导致的输入功率损失的问题。
附图说明
图1为现有技术的光伏发电系统结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例公开的电池板接入模式的判断方法流程图；
图3为本发明实施例公开的两路直流侧电路功率波形示意图；
图4为本发明另一实施例公开的两路电池板接入模式的判断方法流程图；
图5为本发明另一实施例公开的光伏发电系统结构示意图；
图6为本发明另一实施例公开的控制器结构示意图；
图7为本发明另一实施例公开的控制器结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了进一步了解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明优选实施方案进行描述，但是应当理解，这些描述只是为进一步说明本发明的特征和优点，而不是对本发明权利要求的限制。
本发明提供了一种电池板接入模式的判断方法，以解决现有技术中因采用错误控制而导致的输入功率损失的问题。
具体的，所述电池板接入模式的判断方法，应用于光伏发电系统中的逆变器，所述逆变器包括：多路直流侧电路、逆变桥及控制器，所述多路直流侧电路均包括直流输入和开关管；所述电池板接入模式的判断方法，如图2所示，包括：
S101、所述控制器检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；
具体的，此步应由所述控制器内部的电压传感器来实现。
S102、所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值是否大于预设值；
在实际的应用环境中，可以根据具体情况进行预设值的选取，但所述预设值应小于等于所述单块电池板的最大开路电压，考虑硬件采样精度，一般情况下所述预设值也不小于5V。
S103、当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于所述预设值时，判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；
当所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于预设值时，说明所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值差别较大，应为独立接入模式，此时软件控制应按照独立接入模式进行控制。
S104、当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，则默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；
当所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，说明可能为并联接入模式，但也有可能是由于光照等原因所导致的电压值短时间内比较接近，而实际上却为独立接入模式，所以还需要进一步的判断；此处先默认所述电池板为并联接入模式，软件控制也按照并联接入模式进行控制。
S105、当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，所述控制器通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
如果所述多路直流侧电路由于光照等原因导致其输入端的电压值短时间内比较接近，而实际为独立接入模式，此时采用并联控制，所述控制器会向所述多路直流侧电路中发出相同的电流指令，如果所述多路直流侧电路的功率略微有差异时，所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值会立即拉开，功率差的越大，电压拉开的越大；如图3所示，以两块电池板PV1和PV2为例进行说明，曲线L1，L2分别为两路开路电压相差非常近的曲线，当所述控制器向左扰动，发出相同的电流指令，由于曲线L1，L2功率不同，为输出相同的电流，会导致曲线L1运行在V1点(对应功率点PL1)，此时其处于最大功率点，曲线L2运行在V2点(对应功率点PL2)，故两路曲线的输入电压立即被拉开，如果两路电压差大于所述预设值，则立即切换进入独立接入模式工作，当然如果两路曲线的功率一模一样，则此方法失效，然而此时两路接入都为最大功率点，没有功率损失，因此综合考虑此方法有效。
本实施例公开的电池板接入模式的判断方法，通过上述步骤，使得所述逆变器中的控制器具有接入模式的判断功能，无需应用者的实际判断，避免了应用者判断错误使所述逆变器采用错误的控制，进而导致的输入功率损失的问题。
优选的，如图4所示，所述电池板接入模式的判断方法包括：
S201、所述控制器检测所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值；
在系统并网之前先检测所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值，为开始并网做准备。
S202、所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值是否均大于最小并网电压值；
当所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值，则执行步骤S203；
S203、判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；
S204、当所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值均大于所述最小并网电压值，则在系统满足其他并网条件情况下开始并网，并继续进行接入模式的判断；
S205、所述控制器检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；
S206、所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值是否大于预设值；
当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于所述预设值时，则执行步骤S203；
S207、默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；
当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，则默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；
S208、当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，所述控制器通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
本实施例公开的电池板接入模式的判断方法，在并网前检测所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值，并判断各值是否均大于所述最小并网电压值，然后再在满足其他并网条件的情况下开始并网，可以在并网之前就判别出所述各值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值的一部分系统属于独立接入模式，而不必一定要等到并网后再进行判断；但对于所述各值均大于所述最小并网电压值的一部分系统还需要进行S205至S208的步骤，以实现对其接入模式的判断。
值得说明的是，图4所示为针对两路电池板接入模式的判断方法示例，当所述方法应用于多路电池板接入模式的判断时，还应视其具体数量及应用环境 适当增加PV电压检测判断步骤，其逻辑处理依然通过检测各个PV电压差值，此处不做具体限定。
优选的，图2中的S105与图4中的S208具体为：
当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，所述控制器将所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入；
然后所述控制器分别将所述相同的电流给定值与所述多路直流侧电路的直流输入的电流反馈值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，再分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端；
所述控制器再重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
上述步骤为图2中的S105与图4中的S208的一个具体过程，主要为所述控制器通过外环电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，再通过内环电流控制分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端，使得所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值有所改变，再重新进行检测及判断。
本发明另一实施例还提供了一种逆变器，应用光伏发电系统，如图5所示，连接于电池板100与交流电网200之间，逆变器300包括：
多路输出端并联的直流侧电路301，多路直流侧电路301的输入端分别与各自对应的电池板100的输出端相连，多路直流侧电路301均包括直流输入和开关管S，所述直流输入包括电感L与二极管D；
输入端与多路直流侧电路301输出端相连的逆变桥302，逆变桥302的输出端与交流电网200相连；
分别与多路直流侧电路301及逆变桥302相连的控制器303。
具体的工作原理为：
控制器303检测多路直流侧电路301的输入端的电压值；并判断多路直流侧电路301的输入端的电压值之间的差值是否大于预设值；当判断多路直流侧 电路301的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于所述预设值时，判断电池板100为独立接入模式；当判断多路直流侧电路301的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，则默认电池板100为并联接入模式；当电池板100默认为并联接入模式时，通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至多路直流侧电路301中的直流输入，重新检测多路直流侧电路301的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
本实施例公开的逆变器300，通过上述过程使得逆变器300中的控制器303具有接入模式的判断功能，无需应用者的实际判断，避免了应用者判断错误使逆变器300采用错误的控制，进而导致的输入功率损失的问题。
优选的，控制器303还用于检测各个电池板100的输出端的电压值；并判断各个电池板100的输出端的电压值是否均大于最小并网电压值；当判断各个电池板100的输出端的电压值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值，则判断电池板100为独立接入模式；当判断各个电池板100的输出端的电压值均大于所述最小并网电压值，则在系统满足其他并网条件情况下开始并网，并继续进行接入模式的判断。
本实施例公开的逆变器300，控制器303在并网前检测各个电池板100的输出端的电压值，并判断各值是否均大于所述最小并网电压值，然后再在满足其他并网条件的情况下开始并网，可以在并网之前就判别出所述各值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值的一部分系统属于独立接入模式，而不必一定要等到并网后再进行判断；但对于所述各值均大于所述最小并网电压值的一部分系统还需要进行上述实施例所述的判断过程，以实现对其接入模式的判断。
优选的，如图6所示，控制器303包括：
电流给定值生成单元310；
输入端分别与电流给定值生成单元310输出端相连的多个开关管控制单元320，开关管控制单元320的输出端分别与相应的开关管控制端相连；
其中，开关管控制单元320的个数N与所述直流侧电路的个数相同。
具体的工作原理为：
电流给定值生成单元310将所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值V与其参考值V-REF的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，生成并输出相同的电流给定值I-REF至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入；开关管控制单元320分别将电流给定值I-REF与所述多路直流侧电路的直流输入的电流反馈值(IL1-RED至ILN-RED其中一个)的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，再分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端。
本实施例公开的逆变器300，控制器303通过外环电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值I-REF至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，再通过内环电流控制分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端，使得所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值有所改变，再重新进行检测及判断。
优选的，如图7所示，电流给定值生成单元310包括：
减法器331；
与减法器331输出端相连的电压PI调节模块332；
输入端与电压PI调节模块332输出端相连的电压限幅模块333；
优选的，如图7所示，开关管控制单元320包括：
与电流给定值生成单元310输出端相连的电流减法器341；
与电流减法器341输出端相连的电流PI调节模块342；
输入端与电流PI调节模块342输出端相连的电压限幅模块343，电压限幅模块343的输出端分别与对应的所述直流侧电路中的开关管控制端相连。
具体的工作原理为：
电压传感器检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值V，其中，电压值V优选第一个所述直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，当然也可以选择其他所述直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；减法器331计算所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值V与其参考值V-REF的差值；电压PI调节模块332对所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值V与其参考值V-REF的差值进行PI调节控制；电压限幅模块333对电压PI调节模块332的输出信号进行限幅控制，生成并输出相同的电流给定值I-REF至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入；每个电流减法器341计算相同的电流给定值I-REF与所述多路直流侧电路中相应 的直流输入的电流反馈值(IL1-RED至ILN-RED其中一个)的差值；电流PI调节模块342分别对相同的电流给定值I-REF与所述多路直流侧电路中相应的直流输入的电流反馈值(IL1-RED至ILN-RED其中一个)的差值进行PI调节控制；电压限幅模块343分别对相应的电流PI调节模块342的输出信号进行限幅控制，生成并输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路中的开关管的控制端，如果所述多路直流侧电路由于光照等原因导致其输入端的电压值短时间内比较接近，而实际为独立接入模式，此时采用并联控制，所述控制器会向所述多路直流侧电路中发出相同的电流指令，如果所述多路直流侧电路的功率略微有差异时，所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值会立即拉开，功率差的越大，电压拉开的越大；使所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值有所改变，再重新进行检测及判断。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种电池板接入模式的判断方法，其特征在于，应用于光伏发电系统中的逆变器，所述逆变器包括：多路直流侧电路、逆变桥及控制器，所述多路直流侧电路均包括直流输入和开关管；所述电池板接入模式的判断方法包括：
    所述控制器检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；
    所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值是否大于预设值；
    当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于所述预设值时，判断电池板为独立接入模式；
    当所述控制器判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，则默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；
    当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，所述控制器通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池板接入模式的判断方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述控制器检测所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值；
    所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值是否均大于最小并网电压值；
    当所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值，则判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；
    当所述控制器判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值均大于所述最小并网电压值，则在系统满足其他并网条件情况下开始并网，并继续进行接入模式的判断。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池板接入模式的判断方法，其特征在于，所述控制器通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值的步骤具体包括：
    所述控制器将所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入；
    所述控制器分别将所述相同的电流给定值与所述多路直流侧电路的直流输入的电流反馈值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，再分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端；
    重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池板接入模式的判断方法，其特征在于，所述预设值小于等于所述单块电池板的最大开路电压。
  5. 一种逆变器，其特征在于，应用光伏发电系统，连接于电池板与交流电网之间，所述逆变器包括：
    多路输出端并联的直流侧电路，所述多路直流侧电路的输入端分别与各自对应的所述电池板的输出端相连，所述多路直流侧电路均包括直流输入和开关管；
    输入端与所述多路直流侧电路输出端相连的逆变桥，所述逆变桥的输出端与所述交流电网相连；
    分别与所述多路直流侧电路及逆变桥相连的控制器，用于检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值；并判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值是否大于预设值；当判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值大于所述预设值时，判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；当判断所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值之间的差值小于或等于所述预设值时，则默认所述电池板为并联接入模式；当所述电池板默认为并联接入模式时，通过电压控制生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入，重新检测所述多路直流侧电路的输入端的电压值，并进行接入模式的判断。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的逆变器，其特征在于，所述控制器还用于检测所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值；并判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值是否均大于最小并网电压值；当判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值中至少有一个小于所述最小并网电压值，则判断所述电池板为独立接入模式；当判断所述各个电池板的输出端的电压值均大于所述最小并网电压值，则在系统满足 其他并网条件情况下开始并网，并继续进行接入模式的判断。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的逆变器，其特征在于，所述控制器包括：
    电流给定值生成单元，用于将所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入；
    输入端分别与所述电流给定值生成单元输出端相连的多个开关管控制单元，所述开关管控制单元的输出端分别与相应的开关管控制端相连，用于分别将所述电流给定值与所述多路直流侧电路的直流输入的电流反馈值的差值进行PI调节控制和限幅控制后，再分别输出控制信号至所述多路直流侧电路的开关管的控制端；
    其中，所述开关管控制单元的个数与所述直流侧电路的个数相同。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的逆变器，其特征在于，所述电流给定值生成单元包括：
    减法器，用于计算所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值；
    与所述减法器输出端相连的电压PI调节模块，用于对所述多路直流侧电路其中一个输入端的电压值与其参考值的差值进行PI调节控制；
    输入端与所述电压PI调节模块输出端相连的电压限幅模块，用于对所述电压PI调节模块的输出信号进行限幅控制，生成并输出相同的电流给定值至所述多路直流侧电路中的直流输入。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的逆变器，其特征在于，所述开关管控制单元包括：
    与所述电流给定值生成单元输出端相连的电流减法器，用于计算所述电流给定值与相应的所述直流侧电路中直流输入的电流反馈值的差值；
    与所述电流减法器输出端相连的电流PI调节模块，用于对所述电流给定值与相应的所述直流侧电路中直流输入的电流反馈值的差值进行PI调节控制；
    输入端与所述电流PI调节模块输出端相连的电压限幅模块，所述电压限幅模块的输出端与对应的所述直流侧电路中的开关管的控制端相连，用于对所 述电流PI调节模块的输出信号进行限幅控制，生成并输出控制信号至所述直流侧电路中的开关管。
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