WO2015171096A1

WO2015171096A1 - Shock absorber

Info

Publication number: WO2015171096A1
Application number: PCT/UA2014/000047
Authority: WO
Inventors: Юрий Григорьевич СИДОРЕНКО; Георгий Владимирович БЕЙЛИН; Сергей Юрьевич ПЕТРЕНКО
Original assignee: Юрий Григорьевич СИДОРЕНКО; Георгий Владимирович БЕЙЛИН; Сергей Юрьевич ПЕТРЕНКО
Priority date: 2014-05-07
Filing date: 2014-05-07
Publication date: 2015-11-12

Abstract

The invention relates to hydraulic shock absorbers intended for use, particularly, in the manufacture of land vehicles. A shock absorber contains a housing in the form of a body of rotation having flat foundations, the cavity of which is intended for filling with a damping fluid, and also contains a partition and a rod, said rod being installed in the housing cavity coaxially relative to same; according to the invention, the housing is in the form of two coaxially-mounted bellows, separated by a partition; a rod is installed in a central aperture of the partition with the ability to be slidably displaced therein; the ends of the rod are rigidly affixed in the foundations of the housing; helical grooves are provided in a wall of the central aperture of the partition in order to create, in conjunction with the rod, a stern-tube bearing; and a unilateral damping fluid flow regulator is installed between each end of the partition and a bellows. The aim of the invention consists in creating a shock absorber which is more reliable, has a longer service life, and which contains means for the real-time (while an automobile is in motion) adjustment of shock-absorber rigidity. The aim is achieved by means of creating conditions for utilizing the effect of a stern-tube bearing in the proposed device, involving a fluid simultaneously serving for damping purposes and for lubricating the rod.

Description

Shock absorber.

The invention relates to hydraulic shock absorbers designed to work, in particular, in the construction of land vehicles.

Closest to the proposed device in technical essence is a shock absorber containing a body in the form of a body of revolution with flat bases, the cavity of which is designed to fill with a damping fluid, a baffle and a rod installed in the cavity of the body and aligned with it [Patent for invention N ° 2249734, Russian Federation, MP 7 F16F5 / 00, F16F9 / 10, published: 04/10/2005]. In the described shock absorber, two corrugations made of elastic material are installed in the housing, between which a central partition is clamped, forming two different in volume and variable in size cavities filled with damping fluid. In this case, the rod has two platforms for tight bonding with two corrugations. The holes in the baffle of the specified shock absorber through which the damping fluid is forced through are covered by a flexible membrane designed to set the required volume of the passed damping fluid.

During operation, the stiffness of such a shock absorber decreases due to wear of parts. For example, the appearance of scratches on the shock absorber rod resulting from the ingress of particles of abrasive materials into the damping fluid leads to damage to the surfaces of the guide sleeve and the gland mating with the stem and, as a result, to the loss of damping fluid, therefore, the described shock absorber is not reliable enough. In addition, it lacks funds for the current - during the movement of the car - regulation of the stiffness of the shock absorber, and also considering dry friction pairs and large dimensions, the use of the described shock absorber in cars is limited.

The basis of the invention is the task of creating such a shock absorber, which would be more reliable, would have a longer resource, and would also contain funds for the current - in the process of moving the car - control the stiffness of the shock absorber.

The problem is solved by creating conditions for the use in the proposed device of the effect of a stern bearing, in which the liquid simultaneously serves both for damping and for lubricating the stem.

We offer, like the well-known shock absorber, contains a body in the form of a body of revolution with flat bases, the cavity of which is designed to be filled with a damping fluid, a partition and a rod installed in the cavity of the body and aligned with it, and, according to the invention, the body is made in the form of two coaxially mounted bellows separated by a partition, in the central opening of which a rod is mounted with a possibility of sliding movement, the ends of which are rigidly fixed in the bases of the housing, in the wall of the central opening of the partition helical grooves were made to create a stern-bearing bearing with a rod, and a one-way damping fluid flow controller was installed between each end of the partition and the bellows.

A feature of the proposed shock absorber is the fact that the one-way flow controller is made in the form of a washer with curly cuts evenly distributed around the circumference, the number of which is equal to the number of helical grooves in the wall of the central opening of the partition, from the side of the central hole installed with the possibility of its forced rotation around the axis and fixing her position.

Another feature of the proposed shock absorber is the fact that the one-way flow controller is equipped with a drive made in the form of a rotor of the same permanent magnets mounted on the washer and uniformly distributed around the circumference and an electrostator mounted externally a bellows with the possibility of interaction of the magnetic fluxes of the rotor and the stator, and the stator is connected to the control unit.

In addition, a feature of the proposed shock absorber is the fact that in the cavity of each bellows is installed at least one stopper of the lateral movement of the bellows corrugation, made in the form of a sleeve, the edges of which are rigidly attached to the wall of the bellows, and the central hole of the sleeve is designed for passage of the rod.

Stern bearings are commonly used on ships, submarines, in water and oil processing industries and pumps [information from sites:

http: // baltix- spb.ru/publ/sudovye_zapchasti/dejdvudnyj_podshipnik_vtulka_gudricha/3-l-0-6 https://www.google.ru/images?q=%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9% D0% B4% D0% B2% D 1% 83% D0% B4% D0% BD% D 1% 8B% D0% B9 +% D0% BF% D0% BE% D0% B4% D 1% 88% D0% B 8% D0% BF% D0% BD% D0% B 8% D0% B A & newwindow = 1 & hl = ru & sa = X & oi = image_result_group & ei-hJRjU62yA8jT4QSC3oCYDg & ved = 0CCgQsAQ]. When the shaft moves in a stern bearing, a layer of liquid (water) is created between the bearing and the shaft, so that the friction between the shaft and the bearing is reduced. In addition, a constant flow of fluid in the gap reduces shaft wear, cools the bearing and allows small particles to pass between the bearing and the shaft without damaging the latter.

During the conduct of patent information research in the preparation of this application, the authors did not find shock absorber designs with the above set of essential features, which proves the conformity of the claimed technical solution to the “novelty” criterion of the invention.

The technical result obtained as a result of the implementation of the present invention consists in creating the conditions for using in the proposed device the effect of a stern bearing, in which the liquid simultaneously serves both for damping and for lubricating the stem. In addition, the technical result obtained as a result of implementation The present invention also consists in the possibility of creating the shock absorber stiffness that is optimal at the moment of the car’s movement by using a one-way damping fluid flow controller in the described device, which can operate both in manual and automatic modes.

The specified technical result in the known technical solutions that are included in the prior art, the authors have not identified, therefore, the proposed shock absorber can be recognized as meeting the criteria of the invention "inventive step".

The proposed shock absorber consists of structural elements for the manufacture of which use currently known technological methods, tools and materials. It can be used in land vehicles, which belong to various sectors of the economy, and therefore we can conclude that the proposed solution meets the criteria of the invention "industrial applicability".

The essence of the proposed shock absorber is explained using schematic drawings.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the proposed shock absorber;

Figure 2 is a top view;

In Fig. 3, a washer with curly cutouts of a one-sided damping fluid flow controller;

Figure 4 is a cross section of the proposed shock absorber with a plane that passes through the rotors and stators of one one-sided flow damper flow regulator;

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of a septum;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional limiter of the bellows corrugation in section;

Figure 7 is a one-way flow rate control of damping fluid;

On Fig - shows the appearance of the proposed shock absorber. The proposed shock absorber contains a housing made in the form of two coaxially mounted bellows 1, separated by a partition 2. In the Central hole of the partition 2 is placed with the possibility of axial sliding movement of the rod 3, the ends of which are fixed in the base covers 4 and 5 of the housing. The bellows 1 are made of rubberized reinforced fabric and, with the help of rings 6, are attached to the partition 2 and to the base covers 4 and 5. In the wall of the central hole of the partition 2 there are screw grooves 7 (rectangular or spherical in cross section) to create the stern effect of the rod 3 bearing. Between each end of the partition 2 and the bellows 1 is installed a one-way flow control damper fluid. Each one-sided damping fluid flow controller contains a washer 8 with curly cuts evenly distributed around the circumference from the side of the central hole, a compression spring 9 installed between the washer 8 and the corresponding bellows 1. To rotate each washer 8 to a predetermined angle, a rotor 10 is mounted on the device in the form of identical permanent magnets fixed on the washer and uniformly distributed around the circumference, as well as, located outside the corresponding bellows 1, electrostator 1 1 of several kih windings. In this case, the electrostator 1 1 and the rotor 10 are installed with the possibility of interaction of their magnetic fluxes, and the electrostator 1 1 is connected to the control unit - the on-board computer installed in the driver's cab and provided with the appropriate software product / not shown /. The rotor 10 and the electrostator 1 1 form essentially a stepper motor, the control unit of which provides sequential activation of the stator windings And, which causes discrete angular displacements (steps) of the rotor 10. To limit the lateral movement of the bellows corrugations 1 in the cavity of each of them is installed, at least one perforated sleeve for fluid passage sleeve 12, the edges of which are rigidly attached to the wall of the bellows 1, and its Central hole is designed to pass the rod 3. Outside, in the troughs of reinforced rubberized bellows 1, additional reinforcing rings 13 are installed to prevent bulging - changes in geometric characteristics during the operation of the shock absorber. To fill the internal volume of the housing damping fluid in the base caps 4 and 5 there are filler holes / not shown /. For mounting the shock absorber on the vehicle frame, it is equipped with an element 14, and for attaching the rod 3 to the movable part of the suspension, it is provided with a fastening element 15.

The proposed shock absorber works as follows.

First, a damping fluid is poured into the shock absorber cavity through the filler holes in the base caps 4, 5, creating a slight overpressure inside the shock absorber for normal operation of the bellows 1. The shock absorber wall 2 is secured to the vehicle frame / not shown / using elements 14, and rod 3 through the fastener 15 is connected to the movable suspension part of the specified vehicle. When the rod 3 is moved, the volumes of the bellows 1 are mutually reversed by flowing liquid from the bellows 1 with a decreasing volume into the bellows 1 with an increasing volume through the curly washers 8 and screw grooves 7, which make it possible to obtain the effect of a stern tube in the proposed device. At the same time, the liquid in the bellows 1 simultaneously serves both for damping and for lubricating the stem 3. The one-way flow rate control of the damping fluid allows controlling the degree of damping. Namely, on the side of the bellows 1 with a decreasing volume, the washer 8 of the one-way damping fluid flow controller is pressed against the partition 2 by the spring 9 and the position of its curly cuts relative to the screw grooves 7 determines the flow rate of the damping fluid. At the same time, from the side of the bellows 1 with an increasing volume, the other washer 8 is squeezed out of the partition 2 by the fluid flow and the position of its curly cuts relative to the screw grooves 7 does not affect the rate of flow of the fluid into the other bellows. When changing the direction of movement of the rod 3, another washer 8 comes into operation, the throughput of which is determined by the angle of its rotation in the horizontal plane. The angle of rotation of the washers 8 is controlled by the control unit - the on-board computer, giving separate signals on the windings of electrostators 1 1. Electrostators 1 1, due to magnetic coupling, hold the rotors 10 in a predetermined position. Thus, in the proposed shock absorber, it is possible to control the degree of damping on the forward and reverse stroke of the rod 3.

The one-way flow controller can also be operated in manual mode.

For this, instead of electrostators 1 1, outside the bellows 1, the same parts (stator rings) of plastic with permanent magnets embedded inside are installed on the outside in shape and size. The number of permanent magnets must correspond to the number of magnets on the rotor 10 with the corresponding direction of magnetization to create a magnetic clutch. Turning (manually or using a cable) and fixing the outer stator ring, rotor 10 is rotated together with it and, thus, the position of the curly cutouts of the washer 8 relative to the outputs of the screw grooves 7 is set and the required shock absorber rigidity is achieved.

The presence of the sleeves 12 provides a centrosymmetric position of the bellows 1 and limits the stroke of the rod 3.

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the proposed shock absorber creates conditions for using the stern-bearing effect in it, which allows the use of fluid in the cavities of the device at the same time for damping, and for lubricating the rod 3, and for cooling, which significantly increases the reliability and service life of the device by reducing wear and the likelihood of damage to the interacting elements of the shock absorber.

In addition, the addition of the shock absorber with simple both in manufacture and in operation single-sided damping fluid flow controllers installed at the connection sections of the partition 2 and bellows 1 allows you to set the shock absorber stiffness in both manual and automatic modes without the use of expensive technologies and equipment, which especially important when using it in a car design. The list of positions in the schematic drawings:

1 - bellows,

2 - partition,

3 - stock

4 and 5 - base covers,

6 - ring,

7 - screw grooves,

8 - washer with evenly distributed around a circle curly cuts,

9 - compression spring,

10 - rotor

1 1 - electrostator,

12 - perforated for the passage of fluid sleeve;

13 - reinforcing ring,

14 - element for mounting the shock absorber on the frame of the vehicle, 15 - mounting element of the rod 3.

Claims

Claim.

1. The shock absorber containing the body in the form of a body of revolution with flat bases, the cavity of which is designed to fill with a damping fluid, a baffle and a rod installed in the cavity of the body and coaxially with it, characterized in that the body is made in the form of two coaxially mounted bellows separated by a partition , in the central hole of which a rod is mounted with a possibility of sliding axial movement, the ends of which are fixed in the bases of the housing, helical grooves are made in the wall of the central opening of the partition to create a stern bearing with the rod, and between each end of the partition and the bellows a one-way damping fluid flow controller is installed.

2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-way flow rate control of the damping fluid is made in the form of a washer with curly cuts evenly distributed around the circumference, the number of which is equal to the number of helical grooves in the wall of the central opening of the partition, from the side of the central hole, installed with the possibility of forced rotation around the axis and fixing its position.

3. The shock absorber according to claim 1, 2, characterized in that the one-way flow rate control of the damping fluid is equipped with a drive made in the form of a rotor of the same permanent magnets mounted on the washer and uniformly distributed around the circumference and an electrostator mounted outside the bellows with the possibility of interaction of the rotor magnetic flux and the stator, and the stator is connected to the control unit.

4. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cavity of each bellows is installed at least one lateral limiter bellows corrugation, made in the form of a sleeve, the edges of which are rigidly attached to the wall of the bellows, and the Central hole of the sleeve is intended for passage of the piston .