WO2015171078A1

WO2015171078A1 - Apparatus and method for assisting body movement

Info

Publication number: WO2015171078A1
Application number: PCT/SG2015/050103
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wai Tung Eason CHOW; Ching Chiuan YEN; Sui Ming Raymond HON; Wee Chuan Melvin LOH; Felix AUSTIN
Original assignee: National University Of Singapore
Priority date: 2014-05-09
Filing date: 2015-05-08
Publication date: 2015-11-12

Abstract

An apparatus for assisting movement for a subject disposed on a support structure comprises: a set of inflatable bags wearable on a body of the subject, the set of inflatable bags comprising at least one inflatable bag; a pump assembly for inflating and deflating the set of inflatable bags, in association with processing unit execution of program instructions to provide a cyclically alternating and pulsating inflation/deflation sequence over time; and tubing for fluidically coupling to the pump assembly and the set of inflatable bags. The inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags assist movement of the subject's body relative to the support structure. The apparatus can be independently operated by the subject, substantially reducing the frequency of disrupted rest for caretakers, while effectively providing independent relief of discomfort and improved sleep quality for the subjects.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ASSISTING BODY MOVEMENT

Technical Field

The present disclosure generally relates to an apparatus and method for assisting body displacement, positioning, or movement. More particularly, aspects of the present disclosure are directed to an apparatus and method for assisting movement of or providing assistive movement to portions of a subject's body.

Background

A wide variety of physiological conditions, impairments, or dysfunctions exist that adversely impact the ability of an individual to independently and effectively move, adjust, or readjust their bodily position. For instance, non-ambulant or partially ambulant patients, such as those who are paralyzed and/or confined to a bed or wheelchair, have significant difficulties in moving and positioning parts of their bodies, and rely upon caretakers to assist with making positional adjustments to their body parts. Other individuals, such as those with muscular dystrophy, also face movement difficulties because they have weak pelvis and joint areas, which results in their being wheelchair-bound. Additionally, subjects with scoliosis, which is an abnormal spinal curvature due to weak muscles on either side of the spine that changes their balance and centre of gravity, for example, while disposed on a flat surface such as a bed, are restricted in their effective sleeping or resting positions due to their spinal curvature. It should be noted that individuals with muscular dystrophy may also suffer from scoliosis. In view of the foregoing, one or multiple bodily areas of individuals experiencing several types of physiological conditions, impairments, or dysfunction may remain in a static or essentially constant position for a prolonged period of time (e.g., for several or many hours, such as while sitting or sleeping). As a result, such individuals' sleep quality is reduced, which leads to worsened health. Additionally, pressure (e.g., resulting from gravitational force) may not be evenly or comfortably distributed across such body areas. This can cause pain corresponding to pressure points, which further reduces or greatly reduces sleep quality. It is also well known when a body part remains in a static position for a prolonged period of time, pressure applied to soft tissues within the body part adversely affects or obstructs blood flow in the soft tissues, which gives rise to pressure ulcers or bed sores that can be very difficult to heal. Moreover, when a person's torso remains in a static position for a prolonged period of time, their pulmonary activity is commonly adversely affected, and the functioning of internal organs within their torso can also be adversely affected.

In order to enhance patient comfort, reduce or prevent discomfort / pain, and reduce or minimize the likelihood of pressure sore formation / worsening, pulmonary difficulties, and internal organ constriction, caretakers are employed to care for patients who cannot readily or independently move or (re)position their bodies. The caretakers need to dedicate many hours caring for their patients, e.g., as part of long-term care or a rehabilitation program. For instance, caretakers can help patients by stretching and massaging the patients' affected muscles, thereby stimulating blood circulation and muscle activity in weakened muscles. Regular assisted muscle activity stimulates activity in healthy muscles, and slows muscle degradation.

However, because patients require frequent monitoring and assisted movements, caretakers have to work in shifts in order to adequately care for their patients. For instance, one caretaker may work throughout the day, and another throughout the night. The caretaker working during the night tends to face problems such as disrupted sleep, as he or she must frequently monitor and manually move or reposition the patient. For example, a caretaker typically must switch the sleeping position of the patient every half hour, hourly, or every two hours, in order to prevent or relieve bed sores and patient breathing difficulties. This, in turn, results in numerous disruptions in the caretaker's daily schedule, and can degrade the caretaker's overall health.

There are several products in the market that help caretakers to provide movement care to patients, especially to assist in the rotation of the patients on their beds to improve pulmonary activity. This is also known as Continuous Lateral Rotation Therapy (CLRT). Some examples of products that provide CLRT are described in US 3,477,071 , US 5,092,007, and US 5,515,561 . US 3,477,071 discloses a device for shifting the body of a patient by using a bed with inflatable cells. The patient lies on the bed and the inflatable cells inflate and deflate to move the patient accordingly. US 5,092,007 discloses an air mattress with longitudinal rolls whereon the patient lies. The air mattress is inflatable and deflatable such that the patient is able to roll laterally across the longitudinal rolls. US 5,515,561 discloses a bed having a mechanized system with a plurality of moving arms and linkages that are configured to move the patient sleeping on the bed. In each of the aforementioned prior art documents, the CLRT products are large systems that can be hard on the patients' bodies, and difficult for the patients to adapt to. Particularly, the bed disclosed in US 5,515,561 mechanically tosses a patient's body, which may cause accidents if not used properly. As such, extensive training is required before such large-scale CLRT products can be effectively used. Further, the present CLRT products are relatively rigid and are undesirably limited in the types of body rotations they can perform. Further yet, the present CLRT products are too bulky to be used at nursing homes or other environments where there are constrained living spaces. Therefore, in order to address or alleviate at least one of the aforementioned problems and/or disadvantages, there is a need to provide an apparatus and a method for assisting body movement, in which there are at least some improved features over the prior art. Summary

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for assisting movement of an individual, subject, or patient disposed on a support structure. The apparatus comprises: a set of inflatable bags wearable on a body of the subject, the set of inflatable bags comprising at least one inflatable bag; a pump assembly for inflating and deflating the set of inflatable bags; and a tubing for fluidically coupling to the pump assembly and the set of inflatable bags. The inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags assist movement of the subject's body relative to the support structure. According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an apparatus for assisting movements of a plurality of subjects. The apparatus comprises a plurality of secondary apparatuses, each secondary apparatus for assisting movement of a subject's body disposed on a support structure. Each secondary apparatus comprises: a set of inflatable bags wearable on the body, the set of inflatable bags comprising at least one inflatable bag; a pump assembly for inflating and deflating the set of inflatable bags; and a tubing for fluidically coupling to the pump assembly and the set of inflatable bags. The apparatus further comprises: a processing or control system / unit configured for controlling the pump assembly of each secondary apparatus. The processing system is further configured for controlling the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags of each secondary apparatus. The inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags of each secondary apparatus assist movement of each subject's body relative to the support structure.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for assisting movement of a subject disposed on a support structure. The method comprises: providing a set of inflatable bags wearable on a body of the subject, the set of inflatable bags comprising at least one inflatable bag; executing program instructions residing on a memory of a pump assembly, the pump assembly fluidically coupled to the set of inflatable bags via a tubing; activating the pump assembly to selectively control the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags in accordance with an inflation/deflation sequence; and assisting movement of the subject's body relative to the support structure. The movement of the subject's body is associated with the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags in accordance with the inflation/deflation sequence.

An advantage of the present disclosure is that the apparatus is of a smaller size and is more portable for the subjects. The apparatus can thus be stored and used by subjects in small-space settings, e.g. fitting the apparatus in bed frames and wheelchairs. The inflation/deflation of the set of inflatable bags provides greater flexibility in applying force/pressure on the subjects, and is able to provide symmetrical/uniformed and non-symmetrical/non-uniformed body rotations on the subjects. Another advantage is that the apparatus can be independently operated by the subjects, substantially reducing the need for caretakers to perform manual CLRT. Thus, the apparatus substantially reduces the frequency of disrupted rest for the caretakers and compensates for their lost rest time, while effectively providing independent relief of discomfort for the subjects. The apparatus additionally improves pulmonary functionalities and pressure sore reliefs for the subjects.

An apparatus and a method for assisting body movement according to the present disclosure is thus disclosed hereinabove. Various features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, by way of non-limiting examples only, along with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals represent like components. Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 A and FIG. 1 B are posterior views of a subject according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are illustrations of the apparatus in use by the subject according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are illustrations of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are illustrations of a portion of the apparatus harnessed around the subject according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are illustrations of a releasable coupler of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 A and FIG. 7B are illustrations of magnetic devices of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of an inflation/deflation sequence of the apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In the present disclosure, depiction of a given element or consideration or use of a particular element number in a particular FIG. or a reference thereto in corresponding descriptive material can encompass the same, an equivalent, or an analogous element or element number identified in another FIG. or descriptive material associated therewith. The use of 7" in a FIG. or associated text is understood to mean "and/or" unless otherwise indicated. The recitation of a particular numerical value or value range herein is understood to include or be a recitation of an approximate numerical value or value range, for instance, within +/- 20%, +/- 15%, +/- 10%, +/- 5%, or +/- 0%. With respect to recitations herein directed to dimensional or numerical comparisons or equivalence, reference to the terms "generally," "approximately," or "substantially" is understood as falling within +/- 20%, +/- 15%, +/- 10%, +/- 5%, or +/- 0% of a representative / example comparison, or a specified or target value or value range; and reference to the term "essentially" is understood as falling within +/- 10%, +/- 5%, +/- 2%, +/- 1 %, or +/- 0% of a representative / example comparison, or a specified or target value or value range.

As used herein, the term "set" corresponds to or is defined as a non-empty finite organization of elements that mathematically exhibits a cardinality of at least 1 (i.e., a set as defined herein can correspond to a unit, singlet, or single element set, or a multiple element set), in accordance with known mathematical definitions (for instance, in a manner corresponding to that described in An Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning: Numbers, Sets, and Functions, "Chapter 1 1 : Properties of Finite Sets" (e.g., as indicated on p. 140), by Peter J. Eccles, Cambridge University Press (1998)). In general, an element of a set can include or be a system, an apparatus, a device, a structure, an object, a process, a physical parameter, or a value depending upon the type of set under consideration. For purposes of brevity and clarity, descriptions of embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to an apparatus and a method for assisting body movement, in accordance with the drawings in FIG. 1 A to FIG. 8. While aspects of the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with the embodiments provided herein, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the present disclosure to these embodiments. On the contrary, the present disclosure is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents to the embodiments described herein, which are included within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be recognized by an individual having ordinary skill in the art, i.e. a skilled person, that the present disclosure may be practiced without specific details, and/or with multiple details arising from combinations of aspects of particular embodiments. In a number of instances, well-known systems, methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

In a representative or exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatus 100 for assisting body movement of a subject 200, as well as a method for assisting body movement of the subject 200, are described hereinafter.

FIG. 1 A and FIG. 1 B show posterior views of an individual, subject, or patient 200 (hereafter subject), together with schematics of a vertebral structure 202 of the subject 200. In the present disclosure, the subject 200 is defined as a person who is a user of the apparatus 100. The subject 200 may thus be an individual who requires short term or long term use of the apparatus 100, e.g., for reasons such as short or long term physical impairment or immobilization; rehabilitation; or CLRT. For example, the subject 200 may be suffering from muscular dystrophy and/or scoliosis, or may be suffering from similar conditions that cause the subject 200 to be non- ambulant or partially ambulant.

As shown in FIG. 1 A, the vertebral structure 202 of the subject 200 comprises a spinal structure 204, a ribs structure 206, a pelvis structure 208, and a spinal axis 210 through the spinal structure 204. A subject 200 who is suffering from scoliosis has a spinal structure 204 that is curved or deviates from the spinal axis 210, as shown in FIG. 1 B. The spinal structure 204 generally comprises a cervical spine 212, a thoracic spine 214, and a lumbar spine 216. The curvature or deviation of the spinal structure 204, and in particular the thoracic spine 214, reduces the quality of sleep of the subject 200 and the subject 200 may benefit from or be required to undergo an intervention such as rehabilitation and/or CLRT.

The apparatus 100 provides for assisted or assistive movement of portions of the body of the subject 200, such as when the subject 200 is lying in a supine position on a supporting structure, e.g., a bed or an operating table. The apparatus 100 is typically placed around the thoracic spine 214 of the subject 200, but more particularly, the apparatus 100 is wearable. In various embodiments, the apparatus is wearable at least in part around portions of (e.g., at least some of) the subject's thoracic area 218. When in use, such embodiments of the apparatus 100 assist movement of the subject's body at the upper thoracic area 218a and/or the lower thoracic area 218b.

FIG. 2 provides a schematic illustration of the apparatus 100 for use by the subject 200 to assist body movement thereof. The apparatus 100 comprises a set of inflatable bags 102 and a pump assembly 104. In multiple embodiments, the set of inflatable bags 102 is wearable around particular portions of the subject's body, such that the set of inflatable bags 102 is disposed around, beneath, or behind the thoracic area 218 of the subject 200 without adversely affecting or significantly adversely affecting the mobility of the subject 200. The set of inflatable bags 102 comprises at least one inflatable bag, packet, pouch, or sac, etc. In the representative embodiment shown, the set of inflatable bags 102 comprises two inflatable bags, a first inflatable bag 102a and a second inflatable bag 102b. An individual having ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize that the set of inflatable bags 102 can include additional bags in an alternate embodiment.

The pump assembly 104 is a pump system configured for discharging one or more gases / fluids (hereafter fluid for purpose of simplicity and brevity) to and receiving fluid from the set of inflatable bags 102, in a manner readily understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art. The pump assembly 104 may thus comprise, be coupled or connected to, or be at least one pump apparatus, mechanism, device, or motor, such as a pneumatic pump, hydraulic pump, fluidic pump, or the like. The pump assembly 104 may also include a manual pump in case a pump motor fails. As the pump assembly 104 is typically only utilized to inflate and deflate the set of inflatable bags 102, the pump assembly 104 does not have to be unnecessarily large. Thus, the pump assembly 104 can be at least relatively portable and handheld- friendly, such that the subject 200 or an individual associated with the subject 200 (e.g., a relative or caretaker) can conveniently carry the pump assembly 104 together with the other components of the apparatus 100.

The pump assembly 104 further includes at least one valve 106 for discharging fluid from the pump assembly 104 to the set of inflatable bags 102 during inflation of the set of inflatable bags 102. The valve 106 is further configured for receiving fluid from the set of inflatable bags 102 back into the pump assembly 104 or the external environment during deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102. Thus, in various embodiments, the valve 106, or more particularly a 3/2-way valve 106, is able to control dual-way (forward and backward) fluid flow from a single source, i.e., the pump assembly 104. The fluid that is flowing between the pump assembly 104 and the set of inflatable bags 102 may be a gas such as compressed air, or a liquid substance.

The apparatus 100 additionally comprises tubing 108 connecting or coupling the pump assembly 104 and the set of inflatable bags 102 together. In the representative embodiment shown, there are two inflatable bags - the first inflatable bag 102a and the second inflatable bag 102b. As such, the tubing 108 is split into two parts, namely, first and second tubes 108a and 108b, each for one of the inflatable bags 102. The first tube 108a is fluidically coupled or connected to the first inflatable bag 102a, and the second tube 108b is fluidically coupled or connected to the second inflatable bag 102b. In multiple embodiments, both tubes 108a and 108b are configured to be independent from each other, so as to allow for variable inflation/deflation extent and/or rate for both inflatable bags 102a and 102b when the pump assembly 104 inflates/deflates the set of inflatable bags 102. This allows for greater flexibility in the assistive body movement of the subject 200, such as when the subject 200, while wearing the set of inflatable bags 102 on both sides of the body in a supine position, wishes to incline more towards their left or right. Alternatively, the tubing 108 may be configured such that each inflatable bag 102a and 102b is inflated/deflated by the pump assembly 104 simultaneously to the same extent and/or at the same rate.

The tubing 108 thus fluidically connects or couples the pump assembly 104 to the set of inflatable bags 102, allowing them to be in fluid communication with the pump assembly 104 and possibly each other. As the set of inflatable bags 102 are being inflated by the pump assembly 104, the inflatable bags 102a and 102b expand, and the expansion causes or assists displacement, movement, and/or rotation of portions or the subject's body. Likewise, as the set of inflatable bags 102 are being deflated by the pump assembly 104, the inflatable bags 102a and 102b at least partially contract and such contraction causes or assists displacement, movement, and/or rotation of the subject's body.

Referring to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, the subject 200 is shown wearing the apparatus 100 around the thoracic area 218 of their body, while the subject 200 is lying in a supine position on a support structure 300. The support structure 300 may be a bed or a mattress on which the subject 200 is expected to remain for a significant or prolonged period of time. In FIG. 3A, the apparatus 100, particularly the set of inflatable bags 102, is in a deflated / depressurized / contracted or partially deflated / depressurized / contracted state and the subject 200 remains generally close or close to the support structure 300. When the pump assembly 104 is activated, the pump assembly 104 inflates / pressurizes the set of inflatable bags 102 and expands them. As shown in FIG. 3B, the inflation and expansion of the set of inflatable bags 102 causes or assists subject movement upwards away from the support structure 300. Therefore, the inflation and deflation (and correspondingly the expansion and contraction) of the set of inflatable bags 102 assists movement of portions of the subject's body relative to the support structure 300 whereon the subject is disposed. In some alternative embodiments, the support structure 300 can be a wheelchair in which the subject 200 is sitting, and the apparatus 100 can be used to assist movement of portions of the subject's body relative to the wheelchair. For example, the inflation and expansion of the set of inflatable bags 102 assists movement of portions the subject's body (e.g., portions of their torso) relative to the back of the wheelchair, thereby allowing the subject 200 to sit more upright. On the other hand, the deflation and expansion of the set of inflatable bags 102 can allow the subject 200 to sit in a more relaxed or slouching position. In certain embodiments, the apparatus 100 can additionally or alternatively include a number of inflatable bags 102 configured for assisting movement of portions of the subject's pelvis or legs relative to the wheelchair.

FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B show clearer illustrations of the apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In such an embodiment, the pump assembly 104 has two pump motors 104a and 104b, each coupled to a 3/2-way valve 106. The 3/2-way valves 106 allow for forward and backward fluid flow through the tubing 108. The first pump motor 104a is configured for inflating and deflating the first inflatable bag 102a, and the second pump motor 104a is configured for inflating and deflating the second inflatable bag 102b. The tubing 108 is further separated into two portions - a first tubing portion 1 10 and a second tubing portion 1 12. The first tubing portion 1 10 is fluidically coupled or connected to the pump assembly 104. The second tubing portion 1 12 is fluidically coupled or connected to the set of inflatable bags 102. More particularly, the first tubing portion 1 10 has a first tube portion 1 10a for communicating fluid between the first pump motor 104a and the first inflatable bag 102a, and a second tube portion 1 10b for communicating fluid to between the second pump motor 104b and the second inflatable bag 102b. Similarly, the second tubing portion 1 12 has a first tube portion 1 12a for communicating fluid between the first pump motor 104a and the first inflatable bag 102a, and a second tube portion 1 12b for communicating fluid to between the second pump motor 104b and the second inflatable bag 102b.

The apparatus 100 further comprises a housing component 1 14, such as a back support, casing, or sleeve. The housing component 1 14 includes a sealable edge 1 16 for opening and closing the housing component 1 14. The sealable edge 1 16 may substantially comprise of a sewed edge, and an entry portion such as a zip portion 1 18, a Velcro-type fastener, or a taping means as readily known by a skilled person. The housing component 1 14 carries the set of inflatable bags 102 internally, such that when the subject 200 wears the housing component 1 14, the set of inflatable bags 102 is also being worn and carried by the subject 200. An advantage is that the housing component 1 14 carries or retains the set of inflatable bags 102 within a predetermined spatial volume, and thus prevents the set of inflatable bags 102 from going missing. The housing component 1 14 may be made from a soft material so as to provide cushioning to the subject 200 and the set of inflatable bags 102 when the housing component 1 14 is worn by the subject 200.

The set of inflatable bags 102 can be inserted into and removed from the housing component 1 14 through the sealable edge 1 16. In the embodiment shown, the housing component 1 14 includes or is a back support that is harnessed or strapped around at least portions of the thoracic area 218 of the subject 200. The housing component 1 14 internally carries the first inflatable bag 102a and the second inflatable bag 102b. In a representative non-limiting implementation, the housing component 1 14 may have dimensions of 300mm x 200mm, while each inflatable bag 102 may have dimensions of 200mm x 120mm. Thus, the two inflatable bags 102a and 102b may fit inside the housing component 1 14 with limited room for manoeuvrability. Further, the size of the housing component 1 14 is adequately compact to fit into small areas like bed frames and wheelchairs. Alternatively, the housing component 1 14 and the set of inflatable bags 102 can be relatively larger or smaller; for instance, the housing component 1 14 may be of a larger size and/or each inflatable bag 102a and 102b may be of a smaller size, such that the two inflatable bags 102a and 102b have more room to move about within the internal confines of the housing component 1 14, as described in more detail hereinafter. Moreover, a larger housing component 1 14 allows for additional inflatable bags 102 to be inserted into the housing component 1 14 (e.g., on a selective basis, such as in accordance with a current comfort preference of the subject 200). For securing the wearing of the housing component 1 14 on the subject 200, the housing component 1 14 comprises a harness 120 for strapping around portions of the thoracic area 218, e.g., around or generally around the waist area, of the subject 200. FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B illustrate the harness 120 secured or tied in a given position around the subject 200. The harness 120 is typically fixed or attached to the housing component 1 14 at both sides thereof, specifically at the harness holders 122. The harness 120 may thus be secured to the housing component 1 14 at a left harness holder 122L and a right harness holder 122R. The harness 120 may comprise adjustable structures or devices 124, such as a buckle, belt-like hook and holes, strap-adjusting clips, and/or a Velcro-type fastener. Such adjustable devices 124 allow the subject 200 to vary or change the length of the harness 120, thereby allowing the apparatus 100 to be more easily worn on subjects 200 of different sizes.

In the embodiment shown, the first tubing portion 1 10 is fluidically coupled or connected to the second tubing portion 1 12 via a releasable coupler 126. The releasable coupler 126 allows for quick coupling and decoupling of the tubing 108, i.e. by joining the first tubing portion 1 10 and the second tubing portion 1 12 together, or separating them from each other. When coupled or connected together, the releasable coupler 126 allows for fluid communication between the first tubing portion 1 10 and the second tubing portion 1 12, thereby ensuring smooth fluid flow between the pump assembly 104 and the set of inflatable bags 102. FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B more clearly illustrate aspects of the releasable coupler 126. The releasable coupler 126 has two sides 128, namely, a first side 128a directed towards the pump assembly 104, and a second side directed towards the set of inflatable bags 102.

Disposed at each of these sides 128a and 128b are receptacles 130 for joining the tubing 108 and allowing fluid communication through the tubing 108. The receptacles 130 disposed at the first side 128a are configured to receive the first tubing portion 1 10, including the first tube portion 1 10a and the second tube portion 1 10b. The receptacles 130 disposed at the second side 128b are configured to receive the second tubing portion 1 12, including the first tube portion 1 12a and the second tube portion 1 12b. The joining or connecting of the first tubing portion 1 10 with the second tubing portion 1 12 at the releasable coupler 126, thereby completing the tubing 108, allows fluid to communicate between the pump assembly 104 and the set of inflatable bags 102.

The tubing 108 can be quickly de-coupled or disconnected by the subject 200 or a person associated therewith using the releasable coupler 126, either at the first side 128a or the second side 128b. Upon the de-coupling or disconnection of the tubing 108, the subject 200 is no longer bound or linked to the pump assembly 104. For example, the subject 200 may be using the apparatus 100 while seated on a wheelchair. After using the apparatus 100, the subject 200 or another individual can de-couple or disconnect the tubing 108, thereby de-linking the subject 200 from the pump assembly 104. To allow access to the releasable coupler 126 and convenient de-coupling or disconnection of the tubing 108, the releasable coupler 126 is disposed near a lower corner of the housing component 1 14. The subject 200 can then transfer / move or be transferred / moved from the wheelchair to another location, such as onto a bed, while still wearing the apparatus 100 or at least wearing the housing component 1 14 with the set of inflatable bags 102 therein. The subject 200 can also readily go for toilet breaks by simply disconnecting the tubing 108. Thus, releasable coupler 126 allows the subject 200 to have greater mobility while still wearing the apparatus 100 on the body (e.g., without subject discomfort or significant inconvenience or added weight).

Referring again to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B, in a representative embodiment, the apparatus 100 further comprises a pair of first magnetic devices 132, specifically a left first magnetic device 132L and a right first magnetic device 132R. The first magnetic devices 132 are capable of magnetically engaging with another magnetic material or magnetizable material, e.g., to magnetically attract and move the other material. The first magnetic devices 132 can be or comprise one or more neodymium magnets (e.g., NdFeB magnets) or the like, as readily understood by a skilled person. Additionally, the first magnetic devices 132 may be carried or housed in a protective cover, so as to cushion and protect the first magnetic devices 132 from external damage which may affect their magnetic properties. Referring also to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, the first magnetic devices 132 are disposed on the housing component 1 14 and are positioned such that the subject 200 can access and displace / move them. More specifically, the first magnetic devices 132 are disposable externally on and can be carried by the housing component 1 14, while the set of inflatable bags 102 are internally carried by the housing component 1 14. In the set of inflatable bags 102, at least one inflatable bag carries or comprises a second magnetic device 134. The second magnetic device 134 is capable of magnetically engaging with another magnetic material or magnetizable material, e.g. to magnetically attract and move the other material. As such, the second magnetic device 134 can also be or comprise one or more neodymium magnets. The second magnetic device 134 is disposed on the set of inflatable bags 102, such that when the set of inflatable bags 102 are internally carried by the housing component 1 14, the second magnetic device 134 is also internally carried by the housing component 1 14. With the first magnetic devices 132 disposed externally on the housing component 1 14, and the second magnetic device(s) 134 of the at least one inflatable bag 102a,b disposed internally inside the housing component 1 14, the first magnetic device(s) 132 can magnetically engage with the second magnetic device(s) 134 to thereby enable displacement, movement, or positional shifting of the at least one inflatable bag 102a,b within the housing component 1 14. In the embodiment shown, each of the inflatable bags 102a and 102b has or individually carries a second magnetic device 134, i.e., second magnetic devices 134a and 134b, respectively. For instance, a left first magnetic device 132L is associated with the first inflatable bag 102a and the second magnetic device 134a, and a right first magnetic device 132R is associated with the second inflatable bag 102b and the second magnetic device 134b. By moving the left and right first magnetic devices 132RL, e.g. according to the arrows 302, the first and second inflatable bags 102a and 102b can correspondingly be displaced, moved, or positionally shifted due to the magnetic engagements with the corresponding second magnetic devices 134a and 134b, respectively.

In this representative embodiment, both the first magnetic devices 132 and the second magnetic devices 134 are magnets. In some alternative embodiments, one of the first magnetic devices 132 and second magnetic devices 134 are magnets, while the other of the first magnetic devices 132 and second magnetic devices 134 are magnetizable devices or made from a magnetizable material, such as ferrite materials (e.g., steel plate / bar material). For example, the first magnetic devices 132 can be permanent magnets, while the second magnetic devices 134 are merely magnetizable, or the set of inflatable bags 102 are covered / lined or partially covered / lined with a magnetizable material. The magnets 132 will magnetize the magnetizable devices/material 134 and thereby allow them to be magnetically engaged to enable movement thereof. In other alternative embodiments, the first magnetic devices 132 and/or second magnetic devices 134 are magnetizable or capable of generating a magnetic field in response to an electrical current, instead of being permanent magnets. For instance, the first magnetic devices 132, which are disposed externally on the housing component 1 14, can be independently magnetized first, before they can magnetically engage with the second magnetic devices 134, which are disposed internally within the housing component 1 14, to enable movement of the set of inflatable bags 102.

To complement the movement of the first magnetic devices 132 externally on the surface of the housing component 1 14, the first magnetic devices 132 and/or the housing component 1 14 are configured to allow the first magnetic devices 132 to stick, attach to, or grip the housing component 1 14. Thus, the subject 200 can readily or freely access and move the first magnetic devices 132 to enable movement of the set of inflatable bags 102 internally carried by the housing component 1 14, without risk of the first magnetic devices 132 being dropped and losing the accessibility thereto. For example, the external surface(s) of the housing component 1 14 and the first magnetic devices 132 may contain lines/matrices/grids of Velcro-type fasteners, or similar fastening mechanisms that allow the first magnetic devices 132 to be removably attached to or frictionally slidable along the external surface of the housing component 1 14. Alternatively, the first magnetic devices 132 can be fixed in position by the magnetic forces of attraction with the second magnetic devices 134 and the resultant frictional forces between the external surfaces of the first magnetic devices 132 and the housing component 1 14. Therefore, the attachability of first magnetic devices 132 externally on the housing component 1 14 helps to move and align, indicate the position(s) of, and secure in place (e.g., in an intended position, such as for purpose of enhancing comfort) the set of inflatable bags 102 internally carried by the housing component 1 14. Advantageously, the set of inflatable bags 102 can be conveniently moved by the subject 200 or another person using the first magnetic devices 132, without having to open and close the housing component 1 14 to access the set of inflatable bags 102.

In some embodiments, the apparatus 100 may further comprise a set of sensing devices. The set of sensing devices can include at least one of several types of sensing elements or devices. For instance, one type of sensing device can be a heart rate and/or chest movement sensing device configured for detecting or facilitating the detection of a breathing anomaly of the subject 200. If the subject 200 has a breathing anomaly, their heart rate and/or chest movement will display certain predictive patterns, anomalies, or irregularities, as understood by individuals having ordinary skill in the relevant art, which can indicate breathing difficulties, sleep apnoea, or other sleep disorders / subject conditions. Multiple types of chest movement sensing devices are known in the art, such as chest movement sensor, or wearable heart rate sensor. Another type of sensing device can be configured for detecting sounds corresponding to snoring by the subject 200, e.g. acoustic-type sensors. Snoring by the subject 200 can also be indicative of breathing difficulties, sleep apnea, or other sleep disorders / subject conditions. Therefore, the set of sensing devices are configured to detect one or more predetermined or selectable types of anomalies experienced or displayed by the subject 200, and is further configured to enable assisted movement of the subject 200 in order to address these anomalies. Accordingly, the apparatus 100 in association with the set of sensors can act as a feedback system, by responsively reacting and adjusting or changing the subject's body position based on detected anomalies. The set of sensing devices are disposed close to or on the body of the subject 200 (e.g., worn by the subject 200), so as to accurately detect the anomalies. The set of sensing devices is further connected to or communicatively linked with the pump assembly 104, such that the pump assembly 104 can be activated upon detection of the anomalies by the set of sensors. Such activation of the pump assembly 104 can be performed using the processing unit and predetermined or selectable program instructions (e.g., software instructions) residing in the memory, which are executable by the processing unit. In one example, if the set of sensing devices detects subject breathing anomalies, the set of sensing devices generates signals that cause the pump assembly 104 to be activated and further inflate the set of inflatable bags 102 (if the set of inflatable bags 102 is not fully inflated), or at least partially deflate the set of inflatable bags 102 (if the set of inflatable bags 102 is fully inflated). Such inflation or deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102 causes assisted movement of the subject 200, such as to rotate the subject 200 laterally about their spinal axis 210 (if the subject 200 is resting in a supine position), or to assist the subject 200 to sit move upright (if the subject 200 is seated on a wheelchair). This assisted movement of the subject 200 can at least partially alleviate or address subject breathing difficulties and possibly rectify the anomalies. If breathing anomalies continue for more than a predetermined / selectable maximum amount of time, and/or beyond a certain number of inflatable bag inflation / deflation cycles, the apparatus 100 can automatically communicate a signal (e.g., an audio signal), a message, or a notification (e.g., an "assistance required" or "emergency alert" signal) or to one or more destinations (e.g., a nearby room, or an electronic / computing device such as a mobile telephone). The apparatus 100 can include a communication unit (not shown) coupled to its processing unit for such purpose, in a manner readily understood by individuals having ordinary skill in the relevant art.

A representative method or process for assisting body movement of the subject 200 in accordance with a representative embodiment of the present disclosure, using the apparatus 100 described herein, is described hereafter. The method includes a step of providing the set of inflatable bags 102 from the apparatus 100, the set of inflatable bags 102 wearable on the body of the subject 200, such as in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B. The set of inflatable bags 102 is fluidically coupled to the pump assembly 104 via the tubing 108. The pump assembly 104 comprises or is coupled to a processing unit for controlling the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102. Additionally, the pump assembly 104 comprises or is coupled to a memory in which program instructions reside, where such program instructions are executable by the processing unit. The method includes a step of executing the program instructions. The method further includes a step of activating the pump assembly 104 when the program instructions are executed by the processing unit. The activation of the pump assembly 104 selectively controls the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102, in accordance with at least one predetermined, selectable, or programmable inflation/deflation sequence. The method further includes a step of assisting movement of the subject's body relative to the support structure 300 whereon the subject is disposed. The movement of the subject 200 is associated with the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102 in accordance with the inflation/deflation sequence. With further reference to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, the subject 200 is disposed on the support structure 300, e.g. a bed, in a supine position. The housing component 1 14 of the apparatus 100 is worn over the thoracic area 218 of the subject 200 using the harness 120. The set of inflatable bags 102 is internally carried by the housing component 1 14. The subject 200, or their caretaker, can access the first magnetic devices 132 disposed externally on the housing component 1 14 to magnetically engage with the second magnetic devices 134 of the set of inflatable bags 102 for enabling movement of the set of inflatable bags 102. The first magnetic devices 132 can be moved along the arrow 302 to reposition the set of inflatable bags 102. For example, the subject 200 may be required to have assisted movement more at the upper thoracic area 218a or the lower thoracic area 218b. The set of inflatable bags 102 can be moved towards either the upper thoracic area 218a or the lower thoracic area 218b by shifting the first magnetic devices 132. The first magnetic devices 132 thus allow for spontaneous positioning of the set of inflatable bags 102, thereby optimizing the pressure loading on the subject's body during each use of the apparatus 100. To simplify the use of the apparatus 100, the subjects 200 should position the set of inflatable bags 102 with first magnetic devices 132 before use, and also to secure the set of inflatable bags 102 using the harness 120.

The pump assembly 104 causes the set of inflatable bags 102 to inflate/deflate in accordance with an inflation/deflation sequence, as indicated above. The inflation/deflation sequence comprises repetitive cycles, repeating at least once, of inflation and deflation. Each cycle includes at least one inflation iteration and at least one deflation iteration. Each inflation iteration inflates the set of inflatable bags at least partially, and each deflation iteration deflates the set of inflatable bags at least partially.

A diagram or graph 304 provided in FIG. 8 shows a representative example of an inflation/deflation sequence 306 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is a repeated alternating and pulsating inflation sequence. In this representative example, the set of inflatable bags 102 begins in the deflated state and the subject 200 remains substantially flat in a supine position. In the first /^' minutes (e.g., approximately 30 minutes) from the activation of the pump assembly 104, the set of inflatable bags 102 are inflated until reaching 100% of full inflation, specifically on the left side of the subject 200. At 100% of full inflation, the subject 200 is laterally rotated at an angle of approximately 15 - 45 degrees (e.g., approximately 30 degrees) with respect to the spinal axis 210. During the first /^' minutes of inflation, the inflation rate can be constant or can vary, for instance, at a faster rate during the first half before tapering off during the second half, or at a slower rate during the first half before accelerating during the second half. According to the graph 304, the set of inflated bags 102 is inflated slowly for the first / minutes (e.g., approximately 20 minutes) as indicated by section 308. The inflation rate increases substantially for the next k minutes (e.g., approximately 10 minutes), as indicated by section 310. After the /^' minutes of inflation, there is at least one cycle of gradual / partial deflation and re-inflation. Each partial deflation / re-inflation cycle has an m minute period (e.g., approximately 10 minutes) and is indicated by section 312. In one partial deflation / re-inflation cycle, the set of inflatable bags 102 is partially deflated to p% of full inflation (e.g., approximately 80 - 90% of full inflation) and then inflated back to 100% of full inflation. In various embodiments, the partial deflation / re-inflation cycle is repeated multiple times, e.g., for three times, i.e. for another /^' minutes. After a predetermined / selectable / programmable number of partial deflation / re-inflation cycles, or after a total time of T minutes (e.g., approximately 60 minutes) since the activation of the pump assembly 104 and the initial full inflation of the set of inflatable bags 102, when the set of inflatable bags 102 is at the fully inflated state the pump assembly 104 fully or nearly fully deflates the set of inflatable bags 102. The set of inflatable bags 102 can be deflated at a substantially constant rate over a duration of approximately d minutes (e.g., approximately 20 minutes), as shown by section 314. At the end of the d minutes, or the T + d minutes (e.g., approximately 80 minutes) since the activation of the pump assembly 104, the set of inflated bags 102 is fully, essentially fully, or nearly fully deflated (e.g., at 0 - 10% of full inflation).

In the graph 304, each of the inflation portions indicated by sections 308, 310, and 312 represent a type of inflation iteration of an overall inflation/deflation sequence 306. Similarly, each of the deflation portions indicated by sections 312 and 314 represent a type of deflation iteration of the inflation/deflation sequence 306. In each of such inflation/deflation iterations, the set of inflatable bags 102 is inflated/deflated at least partially, e.g., until the set of inflatable bags 102 reaches between approximately 0% and approximately 100% of full inflation. The inflation/deflation sequence 306 can be repeated on an ongoing or continual basis (e.g., across several or many hours), until specifically interrupted or halted. The repeated or cyclic inflation/deflation sequence 306 provides an alternating and pulsating inflation / deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102, and corresponding alternating and pulsating assisted movement of the subject 200. This type of dynamic movement caused by an inflation/deflation sequence 306 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure advantageously provides a gentler or much gentler, more natural, and comfortable effect on the subject 200, especially during subject sleep. More specifically, such pulsating repetition provided by embodiments of the present disclosure reduces signs of subject bloatedness and mimics or more naturally simulates the natural breathing pattern of dynamic muscle movement compared to the prior art. Test results have shown that the use of the apparatus 100 helps to reduce unnecessary bowel movements, and also allows the subject 200 to experience better quality sleep.

Notably, although the set of inflatable bags 102 can be inflated to provide the subject 200 with a lateral rotation of between 0 and 45 degrees about the spinal axis 210, an optimum range of the lateral rotation for providing effective relief to the subject 200 is typically between 30 and 45 degrees. The maximum angle of lateral rotation is determined by the maximum inflated volume of the set of inflatable bags 102. The set of inflatable bags 102 can be configured such that the maximum inflated volume one or each inflatable bag is adjustable. By adjusting the maximum inflated volume of an inflatable bag, the maximum inflated volume can be limited to a predetermined volume. Consequently, by adjusting the maximum inflated volume of the set of inflatable bags 102, the maximum angle of lateral rotation is adjustable as well. In an embodiment of a configuration for varying or adjusting the maximum inflated volume of an inflatable bag, the inflatable bag includes one or more discrete and airtight compartments therein. If a smaller maximum inflated volume is desired, one or more of the compartments can be sealed (e.g., selectively) so that it does not get inflated. The maximum inflated volume of the set of inflatable bags 102 can thus be restricted to a smaller volume, thereby lowering the maximum angle of lateral rotation. Alternatively or additionally, the inflatable bags can be replaced with those of smaller volumes.

The set of inflatable bags 102 is therefore able to inflate and deflate in accordance with the inflation/deflation sequence 306 to assist displacement, movement, and/or rotation of portions of the subject's body. It will be readily apparent to and understood by a skilled person that other inflation/deflation sequences or patterns are possible to cater to the specific or expected needs of different subjects 200. Some subjects 200 may be non-ambulant patients who require non-uniform pressure relieving, with the option of applying specific pressure relief to key pressure sore areas. Other subjects 200 may require better or improved lateral rotations about their spinal axis 210, such as due to bone deformations caused by scoliosis or due to a need to avoid open wounds. The variability of the inflation/deflation sequence/pattern, together with the ability to move or positionally adjust the set of inflatable bags 102 into the desired positions within the housing component 1 14 so as to accurately direct the assisted movement provided by the apparatus 100 allows different subjects 200 to use the apparatus 100 to suit their individual requirements.

The memory of the pump assembly 104 can have multiple sets of program instructions stored therein, where each set of program instructions corresponds to or represents a given inflation/deflation sequence/pattern 306. Thus, one apparatus 100 can be configured to provide a plurality of inflation/deflation sequences/patterns 306, allowing the subject 200 to select one of them or an ordered arrangement of them before activating the pump assembly 104. In addition, in a number of embodiments the program instructions can provide a user interface by which a user, e.g., either the subject 200 or a caretaker, can define a customizable / customized or user-determined inflation/deflation sequence 306. As such, the subject 200 will not be restricted only to a limited number of predetermined inflation/deflation sequences 306, and can define or program their own inflation/deflation sequence(s) 306. Therefore, the apparatus 100 can be personalized for every subject 200, as different subjects 200 require different kinds of assisted movements, which correspond to different inflation/deflation sequences 306.

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The activation of the pump assembly 104 by way of the execution of program instructions advantageously enables controlled automated inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102. The program instructions can be programmed or defined such that the pump assembly 104 is activated and terminated at scheduled times. For example, a predetermined inflation/deflation sequence 306 for the set of inflatable bags 102 can be administered to a subject 200 during their rest / sleep cycle or expected sleep cycle (e.g., starting at a predetermined time each night, and/or at a given time after detection of a "lights out" condition), so as to allow the apparatus 100 to inflate/deflate the set of inflatable bags 102 and to perform automated assisted movements of the subject's body. In a representative implementation, the inflation/deflation sequence 306 can laterally rotate the subject 200 by approximately 30 degrees every hour, and back to approximately 0 degrees for the next hour. This type of motion further advantageously reduces or eliminates the time required by caretakers to monitor the subject 200 and manually perform CLRT on the subject 200. This in turn reduces the amount of disruptions caused to the caretakers, especially during the night when the subject 200 is sleeping and CLRT needs to be performed.

The automation provided by the apparatus 100 can also be implemented in surgical settings, such as when a surgery is being performed on a subject 200. Especially for surgeries with long durations, it is advantageous to have an automated lateral rotation or assisted movement of portions of the subject's or patient's body. On the other hand, instead of full automation of subject displacement / movement / rotation by way of the pump assembly 104, the pump assembly 104 can be manually triggered or operated to selectively or manually control the inflation/deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102. Such operation of the pump assembly 104 is useful in situations when the rotation or movement of the subject 200 must be carefully and meticulously performed, for instance, in situations in which it would be regarded as safer to manually operate the pump assembly 104 to perform the inflation/deflation and assist the movement of the subject 200.

A computing system comprising the processing unit and the memory can be configured to access and execute a program (e.g., a software application) that enables the apparatus 100, particularly the set of sensing devices, to record body movements, body movement anomalies, or body fidgets of subjects 200. Such recorded information can provide useful data about the subject's sleep quality and/or discomforts felt and experienced by the subjects 200. In some embodiments, the apparatus 100 can learn from such information and automatically or accordingly adjust or customize the inflation/deflation sequence for the subjects 200 in order to reduce or minimize body movement anomalies or subject fidgeting. The program or software application thus allows the apparatus 100 to learn and react accordingly based on the body movement responses and feedback of the subjects 200.

The use of the apparatus 100 can be expanded or extended to a larger scale, such as for a hospital setting or for nursing homes. A representative embodiment of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for assisting body movement for a plurality of subjects 200. For purpose of simplicity and clarity, the apparatus can also be referred to as the primary apparatus. The primary apparatus comprises a plurality of secondary apparatuses 100, each secondary apparatus 100 for assisting movement of a subject's body disposed on a support structure 300. The secondary apparatus 100 used by any given subject 200 is similar or analogous to the apparatus 100 described above.

The primary apparatus further comprises a processing system configured for controlling the pump assembly 104 of each secondary apparatus 100. The processing system is further configured for controlling the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102 of each secondary apparatus 100. The inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags 102 of each secondary apparatus 100 assists displacement / movement / rotation of each subject's body relative to the support structure 300 on or against which the subject is disposed. For example in a hospital environment, a plurality of subjects 200 can be lying on beds, which are the support structures 300. Each subject 200 has his or her own secondary apparatus 100, with the set of inflatable bags 102 worn on his or her body. As such, there is improved personal hygiene, as compared to multiple patients sharing a mechanical tossing bed as in the prior art. The primary apparatus acts as a centralized processing system that controls each of the secondary apparatuses 100. Thus, the hospital, by using such a processing system, is able to control and/or monitor the inflation/deflation sequence/pattern for each subject 200, thereby providing personalized assisted movement for each subject 200. The hospital is thus able to perform a series of bed rotations for bed-ridden subjects 200 or patients in hospital beds on an automated or semi-automated basis. This advantageously reduces or eliminates the frequency at which nurses need to check on the subjects 200 and manually rotate or move the subjects 200.

In the foregoing detailed description, embodiments of the present disclosure in relation to an apparatus and a method for assisting body movement are described with reference to the provided figures. The description of the various embodiments herein is not intended to call out or be limited only to specific or particular representations of the present disclosure, but merely to illustrate non-limiting examples of the present disclosure. The present disclosure serves to address at least some of the mentioned problems and issues associated with the prior art. Although only some embodiments of the present disclosure are disclosed herein, it will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art in view of this disclosure that a variety of changes and/or modifications can be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The scope of the disclosure as well as the scope of the following claims is not limited to embodiments described herein.

Claims

1 . An apparatus for assisting movement of a subject disposed on a support structure, the apparatus comprising:

a set of inflatable bags wearable on a body of the subject, the set of inflatable bags comprising at least one inflatable bag;

a pump assembly for inflating and deflating the set of inflatable bags; and

a tubing for fluidically coupling to the pump assembly and the set of inflatable bags,

wherein the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags assist movement of the subject's body relative to the support structure.

2. The apparatus as in claim 1 , wherein the pump assembly comprises or is coupled to a processing unit for controlling the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags.

3. The apparatus as in claim 2, wherein the pump assembly comprises or is coupled to a memory in which program instructions reside, which when executed by the processing unit, selectively control the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags in accordance with an inflation/deflation sequence.

4. The apparatus as in claim 3, the inflation/deflation sequence comprising a cycle repeating at least once, the cycle including at least one inflation iteration and at least one deflation iteration.

5. The apparatus as in claim 4, wherein each inflation iteration inflates the set of inflatable bags at least partially, and each deflation iteration deflates the set of inflatable bags at least partially.

6. The apparatus as in claim 3, wherein the program instructions are programmable by a user to define a user-determined inflation/deflation sequence.

7. The apparatus as in claim 1 , further comprising a housing component for internally carrying the set of inflatable bags, the housing component being wearable on the body.

8. The apparatus as in claim 7, further comprising a first magnetic/magnetizable device disposable externally on the housing component, the first magnetic/magnetizable device for enabling movement of at least one inflatable bag within the housing component.

9. The apparatus as in claim 8, wherein the at least one inflatable bag comprises a second magnetic/magnetizable device, the first magnetic/magnetizable device for magnetically engaging with the second magnetic/magnetizable device to enable movement of the at least one inflatable bag within the housing component.

10. The apparatus as in claims 8 or 9, wherein the first magnetic/magnetizable device is accessible by the subject to enable movement of the at least one inflatable bag within the housing component.

1 1 . The apparatus as in claim 1 , the tubing comprising:

a first tubing portion for fluidically coupling to the set of inflatable bags; a second tubing portion for fluidically coupling to the pump assembly; and

a releasable coupler for coupling and decoupling the first and second tubing portions, the first and second tubing portions in fluid communication with each other when coupled together.

12. The apparatus as in claim 1 , further comprising a set of sensors, the set of sensors including at least one of:

a sensor for detecting a chest movement anomaly of the subject, the chest movement anomaly corresponding to a breathing anomaly; and

a sensor for detecting sounds corresponding to snoring by the subject.

13. The apparatus as in claim 12, wherein pump assembly is configured to be activated in response to the detections by the set of sensors.

14. The apparatus as in claim 1 , wherein the pump assembly comprises or is coupled to a manual pump.

15. The apparatus as in claim 1 , wherein the set of inflatable bags is configured such that a maximum volume of the set of inflatable bags is adjustable.

16. An apparatus for assisting movements of a plurality of subjects, the apparatus comprising:

a plurality of secondary apparatuses, each secondary apparatus for assisting movement of a subject's body disposed on a support structure, each secondary apparatus comprising:

a set of inflatable bags wearable on the body, the set of inflatable bags comprising at least one inflatable bag;

a pump assembly for inflating and deflating the set of inflatable bags; and

the apparatus further comprising:

a processing system configured for controlling the pump assembly of each secondary apparatus, and further configured for controlling the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags of each secondary apparatus,

wherein the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags of each secondary apparatus assist movement of each subject's body relative to the support structure.

17. A method for assisting movement of a subject disposed on a support structure, the method comprising:

providing a set of inflatable bags wearable on a body of the subject, the set of inflatable bags comprising at least one inflatable bag; executing program instructions residing on a memory of a pump assembly, the pump assembly fluidically coupled to the set of inflatable bags via a tubing;

activating the pump assembly to selectively control the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags in accordance with an inflation/deflation sequence; and

assisting movement of the subject's body relative to the support structure,

wherein the movement of the subject's body is associated with the inflation and deflation of the set of inflatable bags in accordance with the inflation/deflation sequence.