WO2015169266A2 - 一种开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法 - Google Patents

一种开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法 Download PDF

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WO2015169266A2
WO2015169266A2 PCT/CN2015/083047 CN2015083047W WO2015169266A2 WO 2015169266 A2 WO2015169266 A2 WO 2015169266A2 CN 2015083047 W CN2015083047 W CN 2015083047W WO 2015169266 A2 WO2015169266 A2 WO 2015169266A2
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reluctance motor
switched reluctance
power converter
motor power
main switch
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WO2015169266A3 (zh
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陈昊
韩国强
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陈昊
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults

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  • the invention relates to a power switch main switch short circuit fault diagnosis method, in particular to a power switch main switch short circuit fault diagnosis method suitable for various phase number switched reluctance motors.
  • the outstanding fault tolerance of switched reluctance motor systems is mainly due to the independent operating characteristics between the main circuits of each phase of the power converter and the magnetic circuits of the phases in the motor body.
  • better fault tolerance does not mean that the switched reluctance motor system will not malfunction.
  • the power converter is a device that provides power conversion for a switched reluctance motor system. It plays an important role in the whole system and is the weakest link in the whole system. Therefore, the requirements for timely and effective fault diagnosis of the switched reluctance motor power converter are very urgent.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a short-circuit fault diagnosis method for a main switch of a switched reluctance motor power converter with a simple method and no need to increase system hardware and implementation effects.
  • the main circuit short-circuit fault diagnosis method of the switched reluctance motor power converter of the invention is: by detecting the phase current transient value, the classification function value f(x) is calculated, and the switched reluctance motor power converter is diagnosed as the fault feature quantity.
  • the main switch is short-circuited.
  • the specific diagnosis method is as follows:
  • phase current f(t) transient value of the switched reluctance motor power converter is detected, and the coefficient of each layer packet node of the phase current wavelet is obtained by wavelet packet transform is S j,k , where j is the number of decomposition layers, k is Signal sampling point number. From this, the energy values of the nodes of the j-th layer of the phase current wavelet packet are calculated as:
  • N is the number of sampling points.
  • the present invention is applicable to short-circuit fault diagnosis of a power regener of a switched reluctance motor of various phase numbers and multiple topologies. Detecting the phase current f(t) transient value of the switched reluctance motor power converter, and calculating the classification function value f(x), as the fault feature quantity, diagnose the main switch short-circuit fault of the switched reluctance motor power converter, reaching this The purpose of the invention.
  • the short-circuit fault diagnosis method for the main switch of the switched reluctance motor power converter focuses on the algorithm, does not increase the hardware, and only obtains the fault characteristic value after the detected phase current transient value is subjected to a certain mathematical operation to realize fault diagnosis and fault diagnosis.
  • the correct positioning rate is 100%, its reliability is high, the effect is good, the engineering application value is good, and it has wide practicality.
  • FIG. 1 is a topological structural diagram of a main circuit of a three-phase two-switched switched reluctance motor power converter.
  • Figure 2 is a phase current waveform diagram of a three-phase two-switched switched reluctance motor power converter without a main switch short-circuit fault.
  • Figure 3 is a phase current waveform diagram of a main switch short-circuit fault in a three-phase two-switched switched reluctance motor power converter.
  • the invention takes a three-phase double-switched reluctance motor power converter as an example, as shown in Fig. 1, the main circuit of the three-phase double-switched reluctance motor power converter, and each phase of the three-phase double-switched power converter has two The main switch and two freewheeling diodes, the A phase, the B phase, and the C phase are connected in parallel on the positive "+” and the negative "-" of the power supply.
  • One end of the upper main switch S1 of the A phase is connected with the positive "+” of the power supply, the other end of the upper main switch S1 is connected with one end of the A phase winding, and one end of the lower main switch S2 is connected with the negative "-" of the power supply, and the lower main switch S2 is connected.
  • One end is connected to the other end of the A-phase winding, one end of the upper freewheeling diode VD1 is connected with the positive "+” of the power supply, the other end of the upper freewheeling diode VD1 is connected with the other end of the A-phase winding, and the lower end of the freewheeling diode VD2 is connected with the negative pole of the power supply.
  • the other end of the connected, lower freewheeling diode VD2 is connected to one end of the A phase winding.
  • the internal connection mode of the B phase and the C phase is the same as that of the internal phase A phase, and is omitted.
  • Three-phase double-switching switched reluctance motor power converter main switch short-circuit fault diagnosis method by detecting the phase current transient value, calculate the classification function value f(x), as the fault feature quantity, diagnose the switching reluctance motor power conversion Main switch short circuit fault,
  • phase A current f(t) of the three-phase two-switched switched reluctance motor power converter is detected.
  • the coefficient of the phase current wavelet packet nodes is S j,k , which is obtained by wavelet packet transform.
  • k is the signal sample point number. From this, the energy values of the nodes of the j-th layer of the phase current wavelet packet are calculated as:
  • N is the number of sampling points
  • the B-phase current f(t) transient value of the three-phase two-switching switched reluctance motor power converter is detected, and the coefficient of each phase packet node of the phase current wavelet is obtained by wavelet packet transform as S j,k , where j To decompose the number of layers, k is the signal sample point number. From this, the energy values of the nodes of the j-th layer of the phase current wavelet packet are calculated as:
  • N is the number of sampling points.
  • the C-phase current f(t) transient value of the three-phase two-switching switched reluctance motor power converter is detected, and the coefficient of the phase current wavelet packet nodes is S j,k , which is obtained by wavelet packet transform.
  • k is the signal sample point number. From this, the energy values of the nodes of the j-th layer of the phase current wavelet packet are calculated as:
  • N is the number of sampling points.
  • the fault detection, the fault type discrimination, and the fault phase localization method of the switched reluctance motor power converter when the two-phase and two-phase simultaneous main-switch short-circuit faults occur are similar to the above.

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  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法，通过检测开关磁阻电机功率变换器的相电流瞬态值，计算出分类函数值f（x），作为故障特征量，诊断出开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障。适用于多种相数、多种拓扑结构的开关磁阻电机功率变换器，无需增加硬件，具有良好的故障诊断定位正确率。其方法简单，通用性强，可靠性高，实施效果好。

Description

一种开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法，尤其是一种适用于各种相数开关磁阻电机的功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法。
背景技术
开关磁阻电机系统突出的容错能力主要源自其功率变换器各相主电路之间以及电机本体中各相磁路之间相互独立的工作特性。然而较好的容错能力并不意味着开关磁阻电机系统不会出现故障。功率变换器是为开关磁阻电机系统提供电能变换的装置，是在整个系统中具有举足轻重的地位，也是整个系统中最容易出现故障的薄弱环节。因此针对开关磁阻电机功率变换器进行及时有效地故障诊断的要求十分迫切。目前，开关磁阻电机功率变换器故障诊断的研究多侧重于硬件，即在功率变换器不同位置增加电流或电压传感器，以获取较多的状态信息，实现故障诊断，但却增加了系统硬件成本和复杂度。若能侧重于算法，即不增加硬件，仅将所检测到的工作电流值或电压值经过一定的数学运算得到故障特征值，实现故障诊断，将是实用有效的开关磁阻电机功率变换器故障诊断方法之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对已有技术中存在问题，提供一种方法简单、无需增加系统硬件、实施效果的开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法。
本发明的开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法是：通过检测相电流瞬态值，计算出分类函数值f(x)，作为故障特征量，诊断出开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障，具体诊断方法如下：
检测开关磁阻电机功率变换器的相电流f(t)瞬态值，由小波包变换求得相电流小波各层包节点的系数为Sj,k，其中，j为分解层数，k为信号采样点序号。由此计算相电流小波包第j层各节点的能量值为：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000001
其中，N为采样点数。
由公式：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000002
计算出分类函数值f(x)，式中：K(xi,x)＝exp(-γ||xi-x||2)为核函数，γ为核参数，sgn()为符号函数，xi为支持向量，x为不同转速下的各层节点能量值x＝Em,m＝1,......,j，αi为支持向量系数，l为支持向量个数，yi为类别，b为偏移量。将分类函数值f(x)作为故障特征量，来诊断开 关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关是否有短路故障；当分类函数值f(x)＝1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器没有发生主开关短路故障；当分类函数值f(x)＝-1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器发生主开关短路故障。
有益效果：本发明对多种相数、多种拓扑结构的开关磁阻电机功率变换器短路故障诊断适用。检测开关磁阻电机功率变换器的相电流f(t)瞬态值，计算出分类函数值f(x)，作为故障特征量，诊断出开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障，达到本发明的目的。该开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法，侧重于算法，不增加硬件，仅将所检测到的相电流瞬态值经过一定的数学运算得到故障特征值，实现故障诊断，故障诊断定位正确率达100％，其性通可靠高、效果好，工程应用价值良好，具有广泛的实用性。
附图说明
图1是三相双开关式开关磁阻电机功率变换器主电路的拓扑结构图。
图2是三相双开关式开关磁阻电机功率变换器没有发生主开关短路故障的相电流波形图。
图3是三相双开关式开关磁阻电机功率变换器发生主开关短路故障的相电流波形图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
本发明以三相双开关式磁阻电机功率变换器为例，如图1所示，三相双开关磁阻电机功率变换器主电路，三相双开关功率变换器的每相均有两只主开关和两只续流二极管，A相、B相、C相并联在供电电源正极“+”和负极“-”上。其中A相的上主开关S1一端与供电电源正极“+”相连、上主开关S1另一端与A相绕组一端相连，下主开关S2一端与供电电源负极“-”相连、下主开关S2另一端与A相绕组另一端相连，上续流二极管VD1一端与供电电源正极“+”相连、上续流二极管VD1另一端与A相绕组另一端相连，下续流二极管VD2一端与供电电源负极“-”相连、下续流二极管VD2另一端与A相绕组一端相连。B相、C相内部连接方式与A相内部连接方式相同，略。
三相双开关式开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法，通过检测相电流瞬态值，计算出分类函数值f(x)，作为故障特征量，诊断出开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障，
首先检测三相双开关式开关磁阻电机功率变换器的A相电流f(t)瞬态值，由小波包变换求得相电流小波各层包节点的系数为Sj,k，其中，j为分解层数，k为信号采样点序号。由此计算相电流小波包第j层各节点的能量值为：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000003
其中，N为采样点数；
由公式：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000004
计算出分类函数值f(x)，式中：K(xi,x)＝exp(-γ||xi-x||2)为核函数，γ为核参数，sgn()为符号函数，xi为支持向量，x为不同转速下的各层节点能量值x＝Em,m＝1,......,j，αi为支持向量系数，l为支持向量个数，yi为类别，b为偏移量。
将分类函数值f(x)作为故障特征量，来诊断开关磁阻电机功率变换器A相主开关S1、S2是否有短路故障；
如图2所示，当分类函数值f(x)＝1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器A相没有发生主开关S1、S2短路故障；
如图3所示，当分类函数值f(x)＝-1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器A相发生主开关S1或S2短路故障。
再检测三相双开关式开关磁阻电机功率变换器的B相电流f(t)瞬态值，由小波包变换求得相电流小波各层包节点的系数为Sj,k，其中，j为分解层数，k为信号采样点序号。由此计算相电流小波包第j层各节点的能量值为：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000005
其中，N为采样点数。
由公式：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000006
计算出分类函数值f(x)，式中：K(xi,x)＝exp(-γ||xi-x||2)为核函数，γ为核参数，sgn()为符号函数，xi为支持向量，x为不同转速下的各层节点能量值x＝Em,m＝1,......,j，αi为支持向量系数，l为支持向量个数，yi为类别，b为偏移量。
将分类函数值f(x)作为故障特征量，来诊断开关磁阻电机功率变换器B相主开关S3、S4是否有短路故障；如图2所示，当分类函数值f(x)＝1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器B相没有发生主开关S3、S4短路故障；如图3所示，当分类函数值f(x)＝-1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器B相发生主开关S3或S4短路故障。
最后检测三相双开关式开关磁阻电机功率变换器的C相电流f(t)瞬态值，由小波包变换求得相电流小波各层包节点的系数为Sj,k，其中，j为分解层数，k为信号采样点序号。由此计算相电流小波包第j层各节点的能量值为：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000007
其中，N为采样点数。
由公式：
Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-000008
计算出分类函数值f(x)，式中：K(xi,x)＝exp(-γ||xi-x||2)为核函数，γ为核参数，sgn()为符号函数，xi为支持向量，x为不同转速下的各层节点能量值x＝Em,m＝1,......,j，αi为支持向量系数，l为支持向量个数，yi为类别，b为偏移量。
将分类函数值f(x)作为故障特征量，来诊断开关磁阻电机功率变换器C相主开关S5、S6是否有短路故障；
如图2所示，当分类函数值f(x)＝1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器C相没有发生主开关S5、S6短路故障；
如图3所示，当分类函数值f(x)＝-1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器C相发生主开关S5或S6短路故障。
该开关磁阻电机功率变换器两相及两相以上同时出现主开关短路故障时的故障检测、故障种类辨别、故障相定位方法与上述类似。
通过对A、B、C三相分别检测相电流，判断其分类函数值f(x)＝1或是f(x)＝-1，从而实现主开关短路故障相的定位。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障诊断方法，其特征是通过检测相电流瞬态值，计算出分类函数值f(x)，作为故障特征量，诊断出开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关短路故障，具体诊断方法如下：
    检测开关磁阻电机功率变换器的相电流f(t)瞬态值，由小波包变换求得相电流小波各层包节点的系数为Sj,k，其中，j为分解层数，k为信号采样点序号；由此计算相电流小波包第j层各节点的能量值Ej为：
    Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-100001
    其中，N为采样点数；
    由公式：
    Figure PCTCN2015083047-appb-100002
    计算出分类函数值f(x)，式中：K(xi,x)＝exp(-γ||xi-x||2)为核函数，γ为核参数，sgn()为符号函数，xi为支持向量，x为不同转速下的各层节点能量值x＝Em,m＝1,......,j，αi为支持向量系数，l为支持向量个数，yi为类别，b为偏移量；
    将分类函数值f(x)作为故障特征量，来诊断开关磁阻电机功率变换器主开关是否有短路故障；
    当分类函数值f(x)＝1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器没有发生主开关短路故障；
    当分类函数值f(x)＝-1，则开关磁阻电机功率变换器发生主开关短路故障。
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