WO2015165640A1

WO2015165640A1 - Dental implant

Info

Publication number: WO2015165640A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/055741
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Augthun
Original assignee: Michael Augthun
Priority date: 2014-04-30
Filing date: 2015-03-19
Publication date: 2015-11-05
Also published as: DE102014106076A1; DE202015009278U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a dental device (1, 101) comprising an artificial tooth root (2), a closure body (3, 103) and an attachment body (4, 104), wherein the artificial tooth root (2) has a longitudinal axis (5) and is provided, on its outer circumferential surface (7), with a thread-like structure for producing a form-fit connection to a surrounding jawbone (8) and is provided, on its end face directed towards the closure body (3, 103), with a receiving portion (9) in which a connection pin (11) of the closure body (3, 103) is received in a rotationally secured manner, wherein this receiving allows a preferably unique position of the closure body (3, 103) relative to the artificial tooth root (2) to be ensured and allows forces to be transmitted in the axial direction of the artificial tooth root (2), wherein the closure body (3, 103) is provided, on its side directed away from the artificial tooth root (2), with a connection area (16) for connecting to an adapted connection portion (18) of the attachment body (4, 104), wherein the connection allows a preferably unique position of the attachment body (4, 104) relative to the closure body (3, 103) to be ensured and allows forces to be transmitted in the axial direction of the closure body (3, 103). In order to develop the dental device (1) such that an exact impression can be taken, preferably by means of impression posts (25), even when several artificial tooth roots (2) are arranged in the jawbone (8) and the gum is preserved as far as possible, provision is made that a maximum diameter (30) or a maximum width of the attachment body (4, 104), measured perpendicularly with respect to the longitudinal axis (5) of the closure body (3, 103), is maximally as great as a maximum diameter (29) or a maximum width of the closure body (3, 103), measured perpendicularly with respect to the longitudinal axis (5) of the closure body (3, 103), and that a length (L) between two tangential planes (27, 28) oriented perpendicularly with respect to the longitudinal axis (5) of the closure body (3, 103) corresponds at least to the maximum diameter (29) or at least the maximum width of the closure body (3, 103), wherein a first tangential plane (27) is located at a point of the closure body (3, 103) farthest away from the artificial tooth root (2), and a second tangential plane (28) is located at a point of the attachment body (4, 104) farthest away from the artificial tooth root (2). The invention further relates to a method for changing different types of attachment bodies (4, 104).

Description

Dental implant

description

introduction

The present invention relates to a dental device comprising an artificial tooth root, a closure body and an attachment body, wherein the artificial tooth root has a longitudinal axis and on its outer lateral surface with a

'thread-like structure for forming a positive connection with a surrounding jaw bone and at its closure body facing the end face with a receiving portion for rotationally receiving a connecting pin of the

Closure body is provided, wherein by means of the recording, a preferably unique position of the closure body relative to the artificial tooth root are adjustable and transferable in the axial direction of the artificial tooth root forces, wherein the

Closure body is provided on its side facing away from the artificial tooth root side with a connection region for connection to an adapted connecting portion of the mounting body, wherein by means of the connection a preferably unique position of the mounting body relative to the closure body are adjustable and securable in the axial direction of the closure body forces.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for changing various attachments.

For the purposes of the present application, the aforementioned forces, which in the axial direction between the closure body and the artificial tooth root and the

Closure body and the attachment occur forces that are caused for example during the impression or a masticatory process.

State of the art

It is known that in the loss of one or more teeth artificial tooth roots, so-called implants, are implanted in the jaw. These supports anchored in the jaw form the stable foundation for an artificial new fixed denture. Size and shape of an artificial tooth root depend on the individual requirements of the jaw of the patient to be treated. Prerequisite for a dental implantation is a minimum bone substance of the jaw. Since artificial tooth roots are osseointegrated (anchored in a bone) and im

Unlike natural teeth - ideally - not the slightest natural mobility have, in the representation of multiple artificial tooth roots of the most accurate three-dimensional representation of the position of the individual artificial tooth roots of particular importance.

The replacement made in the dental laboratory can only be successfully incorporated into the oral cavity with sufficient accuracy and tension, if it is possible to transfer the clinical situation exactly to a model. A precise impression is a necessary condition of an implant-prosthetic restoration.

After the artificial tooth root has been introduced into the bone, either a closed or open healing of the artificial tooth root takes place. In the closed healing is provided that the hollow artificial tooth root is provided with a cover screw. Then the gums are sutured over the artificial tooth root. After several months of healing, the doctor exposes the artificial tooth root again, removes the cover screw and screws or puts in its place

temporarily a gingivaformer. Alternatively, as the clinical situation permits, a gingiva former is mounted in the artificial tooth root immediately after the insertion of the artificial tooth root into the bone.

The gingivaformer is placed as a placeholder for the later dentures in the artificial tooth root, whereby the gums laying around the gingivaformer and thus favors a growth of a stable gum ring after introduction of the artificial tooth root in the jawbone.

After the formation of the stable gingival ring, the gingivaformer is removed again from the gum and replaced, for example, by an impression post (conventional impression) and / or a scanbody (digital impression), by means of which an exact position of the artificial tooth root can then be determined. Typically, to make a model of the denture, an impression of the dentition is made by means of an impression mass. The impression material is in an impression tray, which is guided into the oral cavity of the patient and pressed there against the dentition. An impression of the teeth and the impression post used is produced in the impression material. After the impression material has cured, in the open impression of the accessible from above through the impression material Abformpfosten is unscrewed from the artificial tooth root and taken with the impression material from the oral cavity, such as

for example, from US 2008/0206709 shows. By means of the impression material, an exact reproduction of the teeth, the jaw and the impression post used is aimed at relative to the implant. Such an impression post, which can be used only for the open and not for the closed impression, is also described in EP 1 089 671 B1, which differs in that it is formed in two parts. The impression post has a core and a sleeve, wherein the core rotatably positions the sleeve on the tooth root. Through the core, a screw is guided, which fix the core and the sleeve of the impression post on the artificial tooth root. The sleeve in turn has retentions, in which the impression material penetrates, so that the two-part impression post completely, so both the sleeve and the core, after curing, together with the impression mass can be removed again from the tooth root. Previously, the screw was unscrewed through the perforations in the impression tray. A negative mold in the impression material can then be filled with plaster, for example, so that a precise model of the dentition is created. By means of this model now a denture can be made.

Frequently, a scanbody is mounted on the plaster model for the manufacture of the dental prosthesis and the exact position of the scanbody 3D figuratively determined. This allows the

Tooth root position can be accurately determined in the jawbone. The model has the advantage that all sides of the scanbody can be easily detected by means of the recording device.

Alternatively, it is known from the prior art that the scanbody can also be mounted directly in the oral cavity on the artificial tooth root. Consequently, could be dispensed with an impression. However, it has been found in practice that the scanning process in the oral cavity is difficult to perform depending on the clinical conditions (tilted teeth, oblique implants, bleeding, etc.) because the scanbody is not accessible from all sides. During the fabrication of a crown, bridge or prosthesis, which can be made by means of the precise model, the gingiva former is fixed in the artificial tooth root again after the impression, so that the gum ring does not lose its shape.

The final new teeth are then not attached directly to the implant body or the artificial tooth root, but on implant abutments.

Implant abutments bridge the thickness of the gum so that the gum can not be squeezed between the artificial tooth root and the denture. The healthy gums attach to these implant abutments much like a natural tooth. The dental prosthesis, now supported by the implant abutment and the artificial tooth root, is called a superstructure; this is attached to the individual implant bodies with construction screws or other fastening principles. In two respects, however, this process has proved disadvantageous. First of all, all attachments (such as the gingiva former, impression posts, scanbodies, etc.) must always be placed on the artificial tooth root, which means that the gingiva or gum must be traversed with each change. This can lead to bleeding, saliva, pain, irritation, etc.

As a result, the risk of inflammation increases. In addition, the implantologist is denied a clear view of the dental implant because of the fluids and thus increases the risk of injury.

Second, it is a disadvantage that after removing the gingiva former the

Gums can no longer be kept in shape. The impression posts generally do not conform to the gingival-shaped dimensions of the gums

(so-called emergence profiles or exit profiles). This can lead to distortions in the area of the tissue, for example when molding.

As a result, the dentures in this area too small or too large

is designed. The goal of the acquisition of a previously initiated by gingiva former functional design of the gums in the superstructure and structures is thus difficult or impossible.

To overcome these disadvantages, for example, in DE 600 30 465 T2

proposed that the gingivaformer has information markers and thus can remain during the impression in the artificial tooth root. The information markers are intended to transfer information about the size of the gingiva former and the size and orientation of the artificial tooth root to the impression material. However, since the gingivaformer can not be taken out of the mouth with the impression material, can

Adulteration, for example, by the formation of bubbles in the impression material occur. To prevent this, a flat cap is provided which can reproduce the exact reproduction of the surface of the healing abutment. However, a complete suppression of the blisters is not possible, whereby no clean impression of the gingivaformers can be guaranteed. The cap is removed with the impression material from the oral cavity and then poured out. In this process, the shape of the cap allows additional bubbles to be trapped in the gypsum model, thereby distorting the exact reproduction of the tooth root position.

As an impression post, this cap is not suitable because it is too flat designed to represent a secure positioning in a laboratory analog. It is thus not possible to transmit a three-dimensional representation of the artificial tooth root in the impression material. Another disadvantage of the cap is that the cap only at sufficient space can be used for any adjacent teeth. With tilted teeth in the gap and no safe impression is possible because it may come in a solution of the impression material to a default. Furthermore, it is provided that the gingivaformer can also be used as a scanbody. However, the aforementioned problems occur, namely that the scanbody in the oral cavity can not be detected from all sides by means of the recording apparatus.

After the impression has been made, it is intended to proceed as described above, that is, a plaster model is produced and then scanned.

The company Camlog Biotechnologies sells an implant set called "Isy", which consists of an implant with an implant base, a gingivaformer and a multifunctional cap

Jawbone inserted. Subsequently, either the gingivaformer or a multifunctional cap can be attached to the implant base. A disadvantage of this construction, as this is already the case with the systems described above, that in the change between gingivaformer and the multifunction cap, the two

Objects must be passed through the gums, which in turn can lead to pain, injury, bleeding or the like. A disadvantage is also the gradation between the artificial tooth root and the implant base, whereby no adapted shaping of the gingiva is possible. As mentioned above, the problem also arises in this case, that impression post usually not the means

Gingivaformer shaped dimensions of the gums (so-called emergence profiles or exit profiles) correspond. This can lead to distortions in the area of the tissue, for example when molding. This has the consequence that the denture is designed too small or too large in this area. The implant set is also not suitable for the open impression, because the

Implant base would have to be unscrewed during the impression of the artificial tooth root. Accordingly, the implant set only for the closed

Impression be used. However, this results in the disadvantage that no divergent implants can be formed by means of the implant set, since the cured impression material can be removed only in one direction. In the case of divergent artificial tooth roots, as a result of deduction of the impression material, tilting and falsification of the impression material would occur. Consequently, to avoid them, a single impression would have to be made for each artificial tooth root. The tilting come, among other things, due to the resistance between the impression post and the artificial tooth roots and between the impression post and the gum.

task

The object of the invention is to develop a dental device and a method of the type described above such that preferably by means of

Impression post an exact impression is made possible even if several artificial tooth roots are arranged in the jawbone and the gums are thereby spared as possible.

solution

This object is achieved in that

a maximum diameter or a maximum width of the attachment body measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the closure body is maximally as large as a maximum diameter or a maximum width of the closure body measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the closure body, and

a length between two tangential planes oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the closure body at least equal to the maximum diameter or at least the maximum width of the closure body, wherein a first tangential plane is at a point farthest from the artificial tooth root of the closure body and a second tangential plane is at one of the artificial one

Tooth root is located furthest point of the attachment body.

To simplify the installation of a dental prosthesis, a closure body is placed on the artificial tooth root after ingrowth of the artificial tooth root in the jawbone. Preferably, the closure body remains during the

Forming the gum ring in the artificial tooth root and thus fulfills in particular the purpose of the gingivaformer and preferably has no Abformfunktion. For this reason, it also has on its outer surface no constructive retention, which are provided for secure 3D fixation and / or repositioning in the impression material.

After the formation of the gingival ring, the different attachments are not attached as usual in the art directly on the artificial tooth root

(Reference plane = shoulder of the artificial tooth root), but on the closure body The serving as a reference plane surface of the closure body and thus a wrapping line of a parting line between attachment body and closure body is - in contrast to the shoulder of the artificial tooth root - usually above or at the level of the gum or the mucosal level. The closure body thus moves the implant shoulder to mucosal level (= gingival level). Therefore, in addition to the impression function (open and closed) also prosthetic restorations on the

Closure body in the exact position feasible. If desired, the

Closure body but also removed after completion of the defined tooth crown and the latter are placed directly on the implant shoulder. Thus, the datum plane may be relocated back onto the artificial root of the tooth so as to ensure stable attachment of the definitive crown with or, alternatively, no definitive implant-indexed post on the artificial tooth root. It would be advantageous if the closure body can reproduce the three-dimensional tooth root position as exactly as possible in the extension of the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root, so that the longitudinal axis or the three-dimensional position of the artificial tooth root on the closure body and finally on the

Attachment, which is attachable to the closure body transmits.

From the displacement of the reference plane has the particular advantage that a constant crossing of the gum is avoided with the add-on bodies, since the crossing of the gum preferably takes place only when the closure body is mounted on the artificial tooth root and when replacing the closure body against the tooth structure , wherein the closure body optionally also as an implant structure

for example, can be used for the crown. Consequently, inflammation and pain of the gingiva can be largely avoided. Another advantage of the shifted reference plane is that the location of the

Attachment can already be done alone visually and without an X-ray inspection, as is not common in the conventional procedure with subgingival position of the implant shoulder.

The remaining geometry and the other dimensions of the closure body can be selected individually for a functional shaping of the gums. After attaching the closure body - the gum is preferably penetrated only once during the determination of the position of the artificial tooth root - depending on the type of treatment, the various attachments can be placed on the closure body. There are no restrictions on the selection of the attachments for the exact reconstruction of the position of the artificial tooth root in the jaw bone and the resulting position of the later crown structure, so that the Dental device according to the invention, for example, both for single implants and for a plurality of adjacent dental implants, which may be tilted to each other, can be used. The dental device according to the invention can be used in contrast to the devices known from the prior art for all conceivable treatment cases, such as open and closed impression, divergent or just aligned teeth. Since by means of the dental device according to the invention no tilting, which are present for example in divergent teeth occur, the impression takes place without tension. Consequently, there is less to no distortion and thus less mechanical stress on the closure body during the impression. The three-dimensional positioning of the tooth root is thus by means of this

Dental device exactly on the impression material and finally on the

Transfer plaster model. All existing three-dimensional positions of the artificial tooth roots can be transferred to an impression, even if the artificial tooth roots are divergently aligned with each other. Consequently, the decrease of several impressions, as is typically the case, can be dispensed with.

Another advantage results from the fact that the closure body, during the functional shaping of the gingiva during the molding process continues to be the

Gums supported and held in position and thus reduces the risk of falsification in the reproduction of gums in the impression material and the plaster model. The crown structure can thus be created accurately before it is finally anchored in the artificial tooth root. This avoids that the gum ring is made too big or too small, as is often the case in the prior art. The aim is namely that the gum is as flush as possible around the crown structure in order to avoid germ inclusions between the two.

An exact transmission of the tooth root position on the attachment body is made possible by the fact that the length between the first tangent plane and the second

Tangentialebene corresponds to at least the maximum diameter or at least the maximum width of the closure body. Since the closure body according to the present application can be formed both cylindrical (with arbitrary cross-section), conical and angular, either the maximum diameter or the maximum width of the closure body is relevant. The maximum width of the closure body shown here relates to the largest available width of the closure body with respect to the longitudinal axis of the closure body. Analogously, corresponds to a conical shape of the closure body, the largest diameter of the closure body viewed from the longitudinal axis of the closure body from the maximum diameter. For the purposes of the present application, the first tangential plane is located at a point furthest from the artificial tooth root of the closure body, and is preferably identical to the surface of the closure body serving as a reference plane. The tangential plane is horizontal in space

aligned. Due to the fact that the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root and the longitudinal axis of the closure body need not necessarily be aligned vertically in space, both longitudinal axes can also be arranged obliquely to the tangential plane. In this case, a longitudinal axis of the closure body can be aligned both identically with the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root and obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root. With an oblique orientation of the closure body with respect to the tangential plane, the tangential plane preferably only touches the closure body at a certain point. However, it is not absolutely necessary that the first tangent plane only touches the closure body at one point; instead, the tangential plane can also have a larger contact surface with the body.

Have closure body.

At this point it should be mentioned that the closure body is not necessarily only one

Longitudinal axis must have. It is conceivable that the closure body several

Having longitudinal axes, since the closure body, for example, of several

cylindrical sections with different aligned longitudinal axes may exist. The diameters or widths of the cross section of the closure body are, as mentioned above, individually selectable.

Furthermore, the second tangent plane in the sense of the present application is aligned parallel to the first tangential plane. The second tangent plane is located at a point furthest away from the artificial tooth root. The longitudinal axis of the attachment body can be arranged both identical to the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root and obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root. Analogous to the first tangential plane, it is not absolutely necessary for the second tangential plane to affect the attachment body only at one point, but it can also form a larger contact surface with the attachment body. The length between the two tangential planes preferably corresponds to the length of the attachment body, which is visible in the installed state of the attachment body.

For accurate transmission of the tooth root position on the closure body, it is particularly advantageous that the connecting pin of the closure body and the

Receiving portion of the artificial tooth root configured (eg., In the form of a hexagon) are that they are rotatably connected to each other. That means that one Rotation of the closure body in the artificial tooth root is prevented around the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root, a rotation, for example, would lead to a distortion of the tooth root position in an impression. In addition, this embodiment enables torque to be transmitted from the closure body to the artificial tooth root. This offers the advantage that during an open healing a further passage through the gums is avoided.

The closure body is preferably connected in a built-in state not only rotationally fixed to the artificial tooth root, but also kippfest. That is, between the closure body and the artificial tooth root is no degree of freedom for a

Relative movement more available.

Furthermore, it is necessary that the maximum perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the

Shutter body measured width of the mounting body or the maximum diameter of the mounting body have only a maximum amount, such as the maximum diameter or the maximum measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the closure body width of the closure body. This can be explained, inter alia, that there is often only a small space between adjacent teeth or other artificial tooth roots. A larger width or a larger diameter of the attachment could be used only in very specific cases. As the dental

Device, however, is provided for the installation of each denture, so even for small gaps with small distances to the adjacent teeth, the aforementioned may

Width and / or the aforementioned diameter should not be exceeded. Consequently, the dental device can be a standardized system and at each

Dental implantation are used. The corresponding physician therefore does not need to search for the appropriate attachment bodies before or during implantation. Analogous to the closure body, the attachment body according to the present

Registration also be cylindrical (with any cross-section), conical or angular, whereby either the diameter or the width is relevant. Preferably, the closure body and the attachment body at least in an area in which they meet complementary shapes, so that they lie flush in the first tangent plane.

The attachment body, such as the closure body, also several

Have longitudinal axes, wherein the maximum diameter or the maximum width perpendicular to the longitudinal axis in the respective sections should not be greater than the maximum diameter or the maximum width measured perpendicular to the respective longitudinal axis of the closure body. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the length between the first tangential plane and the second tangential plane is at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm, more preferably at least 6 mm. Thus, even with artificial tooth roots and the associated closure bodies with a very small diameter or a very narrow width it is ensured that an exact transmission of the tooth root position to the attachment body takes place.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the connecting region of the closure body surrounds the connecting portion of the structural body. For this purpose, there is preferably a recess in the closure body into which a connection region of the attachment body protrudes. The recess is surrounded by at least one side wall, which is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root, and a bottom, which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Alternatively it can be provided that the connecting portion of the mounting body encloses the connection region of the closure body. In this embodiment, the closure body has a collar with a circumferential constriction, into which engages a radially oriented projection of the mounting body.

The attachment body and the connecting abutment should preferably be detachably connected to one another in both alternatives, for example by screwing, clamping, tilting, snapping or inserting, wherein the connection should be designed such that an unambiguous position of the attachment body relative to the closure body can be ensured and during the impression no degrees of freedom for a relative movement between the attachment body and the closure body are present. After

Curing the impression material, the attachment body with the impression material should be removed from the oral cavity. Consequently, the three-dimensional

Transfer the tooth root position exactly to the attachment body.

It is also proposed that the closure body is fastened by means of a screw in the artificial tooth root. In the groove base of the closure body there is a bore through which the screw is performed and positively connected with an internal thread located in the artificial tooth root. A screw head rests on an end surface of the groove base facing away from the artificial tooth root and thus prevents the closure body from being readily moved in a direction of the longitudinal axis.

The releasable screw connection is advantageous because the closure body is to remain in the artificial tooth root over a longer period of time, wherein the

Closure body, if this is not at the same time as a connecting element for a

Crown structure is used, yet can be solved again by the artificial tooth root, so that the implant abutments can be attached to the crown of the artificial tooth root.

Other attachment options, such as a connector, in particular a clip connection, but are not excluded.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the receiving portion of the artificial tooth root the connecting pin of the

Encloses closure body. A height of a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root aligned contact surface between the receiving portion of the artificial tooth root and the connecting pin should be possible such that the

Connecting pin does not move unconsciously or breaks off. This can only be ensured if the receiving portion, for example in the form of a recess located in the receiving portion, surrounds the connecting pin and not vice versa, since the receiving portion is typically at least partially disposed in a region of the artificial tooth root, which is in the installed state of the artificial tooth root located in the jawbone.

After attachment of the closure body on the artificial tooth root of the attachment body can be arranged on the closure body.

In one embodiment of the invention, the attachment is an impression post provided with at least one undercut, which is preferably oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root. By means of the attachment body as impression post, the three-dimensional position of the

Tooth root are transferred to the impression material. This applies to both the open and the closed impression. The undercut is formed by a recess, which prevents the impression post in a direction of the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root can be pulled out of the cured impression material, wherein the at least one undercut can be configured both circumferentially and selectively. The undercuts are preferably on an end portion of the impression post. Due to the at least one undercut, the impression post can be taken out of the oral cavity with the impression material during the removal of a negative impression of the denture by means of impression material, since a form-fit bond is created between the impression material and the impression post. Subsequently, will

Preferably attached to the impression material located in the impression at least one body, which dimensions of the dimensions of the

Closure body and the artificial tooth root corresponds. This body is

preferably designed in two parts, wherein a first part (in the form of a laboratory analogue) corresponds to the dimensions of the artificial tooth root, and the second part of the Dimensions ago the closure body corresponds. Then the exact

Tooth root position to be transferred to a model of the dentition.

Since the impression post is taken out with the impression material from the oral cavity, the connection between the impression post and the closure body is preferably designed such that the compound at a certain force extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the artificial tooth root force and non-destructive

can be detached stress-free. The connection between the impression post and the

Closure body dissolves advantageously not when the impression material is pressed against the teeth and thus against the impression post, but only when the

Molding compound is cured. This applies to both the open and the closed impression.

Typically, the artificial tooth root by means of the insertion body in the

Jawbone introduced, which is inventively provided that the attachment body is an insertion body with which the artificial tooth root can be screwed into a jawbone when the insertion body is acted upon by a torque. This is particularly advantageous when an open healing is provided because the gum must be crossed only once. The insertion body is located on the closure body, whereby the closure body is introduced directly to the artificial tooth root. The torque is then introduced from the insertion body to the artificial tooth root via the closure body. After insertion of the artificial tooth root of the insertion body can be easily removed from the closure body and begin the healing phase. During the healing phase is preferably an attachment in the form of a lid on the closure body, so that deposits on the top of the closure body, ie the side of the

Closure body which points into the oral cavity, can be avoided. The lid is preferably located in a recess in the top of the closure body, which is why the lid has no contact with the mucous membrane. An impression by means of the lid is not possible. After the healing phase, a model of the dentition with the exact tooth root position can be created by means of additional attachments, such as the aforementioned impression post.

In order to keep the number of crossings of the gums as low as possible, it is provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention that the attachment body a direction indicator, a registration body, a scanbody, a (provisional or definitive) post for a provisional crown or a (definitive) Post for a definitive crown is. Other not mentioned here essays, which are used for the implantation of a denture are not excluded and can also serve as an attachment. It is further provided that in each case in the artificial tooth root and the closure body an information marker and / or in the closure body and the attachment body is an information marker, wherein an information marker pair is formed for example by a recess with a corresponding increase. By means of the information markers (or indexes), the exact position of the artificial tooth root can preferably be transmitted via the closure body to the attachment body and, for example, the model.

With the help of the information marker pair, it is possible to achieve in the area of the implant shoulder and its constructive elements (indices / information markers) the exact assignment and alignment of the prosthetic components to the implant shoulder and its constructive elements as well as to the surrounding intraoral structures, such as mucous membranes and teeth to ensure.

According to the invention, a method is provided for changing various types of attachment bodies with the following method steps: a) An implanted artificial tooth root which has a longitudinal axis;

having a thread-like structure for forming a positive connection with a surrounding jaw bone and a receiving portion for receiving a connecting pin of a closure body is, a

Closing body with its connecting pin mounted rotationally, wherein by means of the recording a preferably unique position of the closure body relative to the artificial tooth root can be ensured and in the axial direction of the artificial tooth root forces are transmitted b) on one of the artificial tooth root facing away from the

Closure body is placed in a connection region provided with a customized connection portion attachment body, wherein by means of the connection a preferably unique position of the attachment body is ensured relative to the closure body and forces are transferable in the axial direction of the closure body, with a parting line between the closure body and the attachment body with c) The attachment body is removed at a later date from the closure body and another type of attachment body is with his

Connecting portion placed on the connecting portion of the closure body. A surface of the closure body emanating from the outer jacket surface of the closure body, which forms the parting line with the attachment body, forms a reference plane for all types of attachments mounted thereon, it being provided according to the invention that the reference plane lies at or above the level of the mucous membrane and thus from the top side the tooth root, as is typically the case in the prior art, is laid at or above the mucus level. This results in the advantages mentioned above for the device according to the invention.

The outer envelope line of the parting line is both visible / when the composite device is not inserted in the oral cavity as well as after implantation of the artificial tooth root, after insertion of the closure body and after insertion of the mounting body in the oral cavity. Advantageously, the wrapping line is located on the outer jacket of the closure body and / or the attachment body.

Finally, a further development of the method according to the invention provides that a) The closure body is detached from the artificial tooth root and removed from the oral cavity. b) Subsequently, a post for a definitive crown and / or a definitive crown is attached to the tooth root.

When removing the closure body, the reference plane of the

Mucosa level again shifted back to the shoulder of the artificial tooth root, so a temporary extension of the artificial tooth root through the closure body is removed again.

A definitive, preferably implant-indexed, post with a definitive crown or crown is now placed directly on the implant shoulder. Due to the reference plane again on the shoulder of the artificial tooth root, a more stable connection of the crown to the artificial tooth root can be achieved. embodiments

The invention described above will be described below with reference to two

Embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures, explained in more detail.

It shows:

1 shows an enlarged view of an inventive

dental device in a first embodiment,

2 shows a horizontal section through the device according to the invention

FIG. 1,

3 shows another horizontal section through _. the invention

Device according to Figure 1, and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of an inventive

dental device in a second embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows a dental device 1 according to the invention which has an artificial tooth root 2, a closure body 3 and an attachment body 4, the closure body 3 being arranged between the artificial tooth root 2 and the attachment body 4.

The longitudinal axis 5 or axis of rotation of the artificial tooth root 2, which in this embodiment is identical to the longitudinal axis of the closure body 3, is aligned vertically in space. However, another arrangement is not excluded. At a lower portion 6 of a lateral surface 7 of the artificial tooth root 2 is a thread-like structure by means of which a positive connection in a surrounding jaw bone 8 can be made. For this purpose, a hole is first drilled in the jawbone 8 and then inserted or screwed the artificial tooth root 2. In the implanted state of the artificial tooth root 2, an end face 45 of the tooth root 2 facing the closure body 3 is preferably located in the same plane as an interface 48 between the jaw bone 8 and a mucous membrane 49 (= gingiva).

Furthermore, the artificial tooth root 2 has a receiving portion 9, wherein in one of the closure body 3 facing end 45 of the receiving portion 9 a

Well 10 is arranged. The recess 10 is opened in the direction of the closure body 3, so that a connecting pin 11 of the closure body 3 in the

Receiving section 9 can be introduced. The connecting pin 11 and the Receiving portion 9 form next to a parallel to the longitudinal axis 5 arranged

Contact surface 12 is also a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 5 arranged

Contact surface 3 between an artificial tooth root 2 facing side of a bottom 14 of the connecting pin 11 and a bottom surface 15 of the recess 10 of the receiving portion 9. The arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis 5 contact surface 12 has a height H.

In the connecting pin 11 is located in a connecting region 16 a

Recess 17, in which a connecting portion 18 of the mounting body 4 is arranged. The recess 17 is surrounded by side walls 44 and the bottom 14, wherein the recess 17 to one of the artificial tooth root 2 side facing away from the

Closure body 3 is open. In the bottom 14 of the connecting pin 11 is a through hole 19 which corresponds to an internal thread 20 in the artificial tooth root 2. Consequently, a longitudinal axis of the holes 19 is identical to the longitudinal axis 5 of the artificial tooth root 2. By means of a screw 21, the closure body 3 is attached to the artificial tooth root 2 by the screw 21 through the bore 19 in the internal thread 20th

is screwed in. Accordingly, a movement of the closure body 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 is prevented.

In the closure body 3 is a circumferential annular groove 22 into which a

partially interrupted circumferential nose 23 in the connecting portion 18 of the

Mounting body 4 protrudes to secure the attachment body 4 in the closure body 3.

The nose 23 is of a cross-shaped incision 24 according to Figure 3 on the

Closing body 3 facing side of the attachment body 4 interrupted, wherein the

Einschneidung 24 the introduction of the attachment body 4 in the closure body. 3

simplified by a diameter of the connecting portion 18 by a

Compression is smaller and the Rückverform ung the nose 23 engages in the annular groove 22.

The attachment body 4 is in this embodiment of an impression post 25th

formed, which has two circumferential undercuts 26. The two

Undercuts 26 in the form of each return allow the impression post 25 can be removed with a cured impression material while maintaining the three-dimensional position of the oral cavity.

A visible length L in the installed state of the attachment body 4 is formed by a first tangential plane 27 and a second tangential plane 28. One furthest from the artificial tooth root 2 most distant surface of the closure body 3 forms the first perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 5 arranged tangential plane 27 and a farthest from the artificial tooth root 2 surface of the attachment body 4 forms the second perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 5 arranged tangential plane 28. Both tangential planes 27, 28 are arranged parallel to each other.

This length L corresponds to approximately 4.5 mm and is thus greater than a diameter 29 of the closure body 3 at its thickest point. In this case, a diameter 30 of the attachment body 4 at its thickest point corresponds to the diameter 29 of the closure body 3 of approximately 4 mm. A reference plane 50 is formed in this embodiment of the first tangential plane 27 and is above the mucosa 49 and above a

Mucosal levels 51 arranged. The reference plane 50 is thus a surface 54 of the closure body 3, in an area in which the closure body 3 and the attachment body 4 form a wrapping line 52 of a parting line 53. FIG. 2 shows a section II of the dental device 1 according to the invention according to FIG. 1, wherein the section II lies in a position in which the connection between the closure body 3 and the artificial tooth root 2 emerges. The receiving portion 9 of the artificial tooth root 2 is designed to be round on its lateral surface 7, whereas the recess 10, in which the closure body 3 is arranged, has a hexagonal shape. Accordingly, an outer surface 31 of the

Connecting pin 11 a hexagon. The hexagonal shape prevents the

Connecting pin 11 can rotate in the receiving portion 9 and thus

If necessary, transmission of a tooth root position to the impression post 25 would be jeopardized. In addition, 2 forces can be transmitted by means of this hexagonal shape in the axial direction of the artificial tooth root. A movement of the closure body 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 is in turn prevented by the screw head 32 pressing the bottom 14 against the bottom surface 15 of the depression 10.

Furthermore, located in the receiving portion 9 of the artificial tooth root 2, an information marker 33, which corresponds to a located in the connecting pin 1 information marker 34. The two information markers form one

Information marker pair 35 in the form of a recess 36 and a 37 increase.

Analogously, according to FIG. 3, there is in each case an information marker 46, 47 in the attachment body 4 and the closure body 3. In order that precisely this arrangement can be passed on to the attachment body 4, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that there is an information marker 46 in the form of a further groove 36 with a further spring 37 in the closure body 3 and the attachment body 4.

In embodiments not shown here further grooves with corresponding springs in the artificial tooth root, the closure body and the attachment body may be present. Another arrangement or form of information markers is also conceivable, as long as the task is fulfilled, that the three-dimensional position of the

Tooth root is reproduced in the impression material.

Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the incisions 24, which simplify the introduction of the attachment body 4 in the closure body 3, are of cruciform design. In the connecting region 16 of the closure body 3, this has a round

Outer surface 38 and a circular inner surface 39. One with the inner surface 39

Corresponding outer surface 40 of the attachment body 4 is accordingly also designed around. FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the invention

dental device 101. This differs from the first embodiment in that the attachment body 104 surrounds the closure body 103 and not vice versa. The attachment body 104 projects only so far down over the closure body 103 that it remains above the level of the mucous membrane 51 with its free outer lateral surface in the mounted state. The reference plane 50 is again formed by a surface 154 of the closure body 103, which forms with the attachment body 104 a wrapping line 152 of the parting line 153. However, in this embodiment, the reference plane 50 does not correlate with the first tangential plane 127, which is located further above the mucosal level 51. For attachment is in a collar 41 of the closure body 103 a

Constriction 42, in which a radially oriented projection 43 of the mounting body 104 engages.

The interface 48 between the jaw bone 8 and the mucosa 49 is again in a plane with the end face 45. Also in this embodiment corresponds to the largest diameter of

Closure body 103 the largest diameter of the attachment body 104th

Attachments of any kind can be mounted on the closure body instead of the impression posts shown in the two embodiments. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 101 dental device

2 tooth root

3, 103 closure body

4, 104 attachments

5 longitudinal axis

6 lower section

7 lateral surface

8 jawbone

9 receiving section

10 deepening

11 connecting pins

12 contact area

13 contact area

14 floor

15 floor space

16 connection area

17 recess

18 connection section

19 hole

20 internal thread

21 screw

22 ring groove

23 nose

24 incision

25 impression p osts

26 undercut

27, 127 first tangential plane

28 second tangent plane

29 diameter

30 diameters

31 outer surface

32 screw head

33 information markers

34 information markers

35 information marker pair

36 deepening 37 increase

38 outer surface 39 inner surface 40 outer surface 41 collar

42 constriction 43 projection

44 side wall 45 front side

46 Information markers 47 Information markers 48 Interface 49 Mucosa 50 Reference plane 51 Mucosa level

52, 152 serving line

53, 153 parting line

54, 154 surface

L length

H height

Claims

claims

1. A dental device (1, 101) comprising an artificial tooth root (2), a closure body (3, 103) and an attachment body (4, 104), wherein the artificial tooth root (2) has a longitudinal axis (5) and on its outer A lateral surface (7) having a thread-like structure for forming a form-locking connection with a surrounding jawbone (8) and an end face (45) facing the closure body (3, 103) with a receiving portion (9) for rotationally receiving a connecting pin (11) of the Closure body (3, 103) is provided, wherein by means of the receptacle a preferably unique position of

Closure body (3, 103) relative to the artificial tooth root (2) securable and in the axial direction of the artificial tooth root (2) forces are transferable, wherein the closure body (3, 103) on its the artificial tooth root (2) facing away from the side with a connection area (16) for connection to an adapted connecting portion (18) of the mounting body (4, 104) is provided, by means of the connection a preferably unique position of the mounting body (4, 104) relative to the closure body (3, 103) securable and in axial Direction of the

Closure body (3, 103) forces are transferable,

characterized in that

a maximum diameter (30) or a maximum perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (5) of the closure body (3, 103) measured width of the attachment body (4, 104) is at most as large as a maximum diameter (29) or a maximum perpendicular to the Longitudinal axis (5) of the closure body (3, 103) measured width of the closure body (3, 103), and that

a length (L) between two to the longitudinal axis (5) of the closure body (3, 103) vertically aligned tangential planes (27, 28) at least the maximum diameter (29) or at least the maximum width of the closure body (3, 103) corresponds, wherein a first tangential plane (27) located at one of the artificial tooth root (2) farthest point of the closure body (3, 103) and a second tangent plane (28) at one of the artificial tooth root (2) furthest point of the attachment body (4, 104).

2. Device (1, 101) according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (L) between the first tangential plane (28) and the second tangent plane (29). at least 3 mm, preferably at least 4 mm, more preferably at least 6 mm.

Device (1, 101) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting portion (16) of the closure body (3, 103) surrounds the connecting portion (18) of the structural body (4, 104) or that the connecting portion (18) of the mounting body (4, 104) encloses the connection region (16) of the closure body (3, 103).

Device (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the closure body (3, 103) by means of a screw (21) in the artificial tooth root (2) is attached.

Device (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the receiving portion (9) of the artificial tooth root (2) the

Connecting pin (11) of the closure body (3, 103) encloses.

Device (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the attachment body (4, 104) is an impression post (25) which is provided with at least one undercut (26) which is preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (5 ) of the artificial tooth root (2), wherein preferably the connection between the impression post (25) and the closure body (3, 103) at

Exceeding a certain in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5) of the artificial tooth root (2) extending force is non-destructive solvable.

Device (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the attachment body (4, 104) is an insertion body with which the artificial tooth root (2) in a jawbone (8) can be screwed when the

Insertion body is subjected to a torque.

Device (1, 101) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the attachment body (4, 104) is a direction indicator, a registration body, a scanbody, a post for a provisional crown or a post for a definitive crown.

Device (1, 101) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in each case in the artificial tooth root (2) and the closure body (3, 103) an information marker (33, 34) and / or in each case in the closure body ( 3, 103) and the attachment body (4, 104) an information marker (46, 47) is located, wherein a

Information marker pair (35), for example, from a recess (36) with a corresponding increase (37) is formed.

0. Method of changing various types of attachments (4, 104) with the following method steps:

a) on an implanted artificial tooth root (2) having a longitudinal axis (5), a thread-like structure for forming a positive connection with a surrounding jaw bone (8) and a receiving portion (9) for receiving a connecting pin (11) of a closure body (3, 103), the closure body (3, 103) with its connecting pin (11) is mounted rotationally, wherein by means of recording a preferably unique position of the closure body (3, 103) relative to the artificial tooth root (2) can be ensured and in the axial direction the artificial tooth root (2) forces are transferable,

b) on an artificial tooth root (2) facing away from the end face (45) of the closure body (3, 103) in a connection region (16) with a matching connection portion (18) provided attachment body (4, 104) is placed, said means of the connection a preferably unique position of the mounting body (4, 104) relative to the closure body (3, 103) is ensured and in the axial direction of the closure body (3, 103) forces are transferable, wherein a parting line (53, 153) between the closure body (3 , 103) and the attachment body (4, 104) with its outer envelope line (52, 152) is at or above a level of slime (51),

c) The attachment body (4, 104) will be replaced later by the

Closure body (3, 103) taken and another type attachment body is placed with its connecting portion on the connecting portion (16) of the closure body (3, 103).

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized by the following method step: a) The closure body (3, 103) is released from the artificial tooth root (2) and removed from the oral cavity.

b) Subsequently, a post for a definitive crown and / or a

definitive crown attached to the tooth root.