WO2015165316A1 - 成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法与装置 - Google Patents

成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法与装置 Download PDF

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WO2015165316A1
WO2015165316A1 PCT/CN2015/075460 CN2015075460W WO2015165316A1 WO 2015165316 A1 WO2015165316 A1 WO 2015165316A1 CN 2015075460 W CN2015075460 W CN 2015075460W WO 2015165316 A1 WO2015165316 A1 WO 2015165316A1
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quarter
metal plates
circular metal
circular
capacitance
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PCT/CN2015/075460
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English (en)
French (fr)
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胡鹏程
谭久彬
郭佳豪
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哈尔滨工业大学
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Priority claimed from CN201410179253.XA external-priority patent/CN104034308B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410179173.4A external-priority patent/CN104019797B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410179299.1A external-priority patent/CN104034313B/zh
Application filed by 哈尔滨工业大学 filed Critical 哈尔滨工业大学
Priority to US15/307,300 priority Critical patent/US10145683B2/en
Publication of WO2015165316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015165316A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/18Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
    • G01C9/20Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids the indication being based on the inclination of the surface of a liquid relative to its container
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/02Details
    • G01C9/06Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/18Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/02Details
    • G01C9/06Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
    • G01C2009/062Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means capacitive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • G01C9/18Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
    • G01C2009/185Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids dielectric

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of angle measurement, and mainly relates to a method and a device for measuring the inclination angle.
  • the known sensing method for measuring the inclination is to utilize the principle that the surface of the liquid is always level at rest.
  • the container in which the liquid is added inside is tilted, and the liquid level remains horizontal after stabilization, but the relative position of the liquid and the container changes.
  • the angle of the container relative to the internal liquid surface is calculated to determine the tilt angle of the container.
  • the sensing method for detecting the tilt angle between the container and the surface of the liquid to which it is added can be classified into two types: resistive type and electrostatic capacitance type.
  • Japanese Patent No. 2001-13160 discloses a related art of a resistive sensor in which a cylindrical metal container closed at one end is sealed with an appropriate amount of a conductive liquid, and the opening is closed by a metal circular plate. A pair of metal electrodes are penetrated and fixed to the circular plate. When the container is tilted, the angle formed by the container with the internal liquid surface changes, so that the contact area of the metal electrode with the conductive liquid changes, so that the electrical resistance between the metal container and each metal electrode changes. By measuring the change in the resistance value, the inclination angle of the container can be detected.
  • the sensor is a 1/2 amount of conductive liquid sealed in an inner sealed container in an electrically insulating system, and a plate-shaped main electrode is placed on two parallel sides of the container, and a silicon oxide coating film is formed on the surface thereof to serve as a silicon oxide coating film. Dielectric.
  • the angle formed by the container with the internal liquid surface changes, causing a change in capacitance between the plate-shaped main electrode and the conductive liquid.
  • the change in the capacitance value is measured to detect the magnitude of the tilt angle of the container.
  • the invention is directed to the direct contact between the metal electrode and the conductive liquid in the sensing method for detecting the tilt angle, the long-term guarantee of the stability of the sensor, the limitation of the measurable inclination range, and the like, and the invention proposes and designs the invention.
  • Method and apparatus for measuring the tilting angle of a four-divided ring-four equal-divided circular nesting plate, the insulation used in the invention The liquid avoids electrochemical reactions such as precipitation of the plates, and the annular coplanar capacitor structure in the sensor unit realizes 360-degree full-scale measurement.
  • a method for measuring the inclination angle of a pair of four equal-ring-four-division circular nesting plates the method steps are as follows:
  • a circular metal plate and an outer circular metal plate are placed concentrically concentrically, and the circular metal plate and the outer circular metal plate are equally divided in the radial direction to obtain four quarter circles respectively.
  • a metal plate and four quarter-circular metal plates, the quarter-shaped metal plate and the quarter-circular metal plate of the same fan-shaped angle form a capacitance, the four-four a circular circular metal plate is combined with four quarter-circular metal plates to obtain a ring-shaped coplanar capacitance probe;
  • a pair of four equal-ring-four-part circular nesting plate opposing staggered tilt measuring device comprising a capacitance measuring unit and a tilt calculating unit, wherein the capacitance measuring unit is connected with the tilt calculating unit; the device further comprises The sensor unit is configured to seal and mount two circular insulating substrates on the two open ends of the cylindrical container having open ends, and are located on the side of the two circular insulating substrates in the cylindrical container cavity.
  • the measuring head A is composed of four quarter-circular metal plates a, b, c, d and four quarter-circular metal plates e, f, g, h, of which four quarters
  • the annular metal plates e, f, g, h are arranged outside the four quarter-circular metal plates a, b, c, d, and four quarter-circular metal plates e, f, g , h is coplanar and concentric with four quarter-circular metal plates a, b, c, d, which are evenly distributed along the circumference in the four quarter-circular metal plates e, f, g, h
  • the annular coplanar capacitance probe B consists of four quarter-circular metal plates i, j, k, l and
  • the output capacitance value always has a function relationship with the inclination angle, so the measurement range is not limited, and the 360 degree full scale is provided. The characteristics of the measurement.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a sensor unit of a pair of four equal-divided-four-part circular nesting plates facing the staggered tilt measuring device.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a ring-shaped coplanar capacitance probe A in a sensor unit of a pair of four equal-divided-four-divided circular nesting plates facing the interleaved tilt measuring device.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a ring-shaped coplanar capacitance probe B in a sensor unit of a pair of four equal-divided-four-divided circular nested opposing staggered tilt measuring devices.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a ring-shaped coplanar capacitance probe A in a sensor unit of a pair of four equal-divided-quadruple-enclosed plate-opposing staggered tilt measuring devices.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a ring-shaped coplanar capacitance probe B in a sensor unit of a pair of four equal-divided-quadruple-enclosed plate-opposing staggered tilt measuring devices.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a ring-shaped coplanar capacitance probe A tilted in a sensor unit of a pair of four equal-divided-four-divided circular nested opposing staggered tilt measuring devices.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a ring-shaped coplanar capacitance probe B tilted in a sensor unit of a pair of quarter-ring-four-divided circular nesting plate-opposing tilting angle measuring device.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a pair of quarter-divided-four-division circular nesting plates facing the staggered placement angle measuring device
  • annular coplanar capacitance probe A 1 annular coplanar capacitance probe A, 2 quarter circular metal plate a, 3 quarter circular metal plate b, 4 quarter circular metal plate c, 5 four One-piece circular metal plate d, 6 quarter-circular metal plate e, 7 quarter-circular metal plate f, 8 quarter-circular metal plate g, 9 quarter Circular metal plate h, 10 circular insulating substrate, 11 annular coplanar capacitance probe B, 12 quarter circular metal plate i, 13 quarter circular metal plate j, 14 quarter circle Shaped metal plate k, 15 quarter circular metal plate l, 16 quarter annular metal plate m, 17 quarter annular metal plate n, 18 quarter annular metal plate o, 19 quarter annular metal plate p, 20 circular insulating substrate, 21 cylindrical container, 22 insulating liquid, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 potential leads, 39 sensor units, 40 batteries Capacity measurement unit, 41 inclination calculation unit.
  • a pair of four equal-ring-four-part circular nesting plate opposing staggered inclination measuring device comprising a sensor unit 39, a capacitance measuring unit 40 and a tilt calculating unit 41, as shown in FIG. Schematic diagram of the overall structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the outline of a sensor unit of a reclining device, which is configured by sealingly assembling two circular insulating substrates 10 at both open ends of a cylindrical container 21 having openings at both ends, 20, two annular coplanar capacitance probes A1, B11 are respectively arranged on the sides of the two circular insulating substrates 10, 20 in the cavity of the cylindrical container 21;
  • the annular coplanar capacitance probe A1 is composed of four four a circular metal plate a2, b3, c4, d5 and four quarter-circular metal plates e6, f7, g8, h9, wherein four quarter-circular metal plates e6, f7 , g8, h9 are arranged outside the four quarter-circular metal plates a2, b3, c4, d5, and four quarter-circular metal plates e6, f7, g8, h9 and four quarters
  • a circular metal plate a2, b3, c4, d5 is concentrically concentric,
  • the circular insulating substrates 10, 20 are made of a resin fiberglass material.
  • the insulating liquid 22 is a liquid in which one or more components selected from the group consisting of alcohols of methanol, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol, acetones, ketones of methyl ethyl ketone, and ethers of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
  • a method for measuring the inclination angle of a pair of four equal-ring-four-part circular nesting plates is as follows:
  • the power lines between the metal plates of the annular coplanar capacitance probes A and B are evenly distributed along the metal plate, and can be replaced by a semi-circular arc line.
  • the annular coplanar capacitance is proportional to the dielectric constant of the dielectric, and can be expressed by the following formula.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the annular coplanar capacitance probe A in the sensor unit of the inclination measuring device, the capacitance formed by the metal plates 2, 6 and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 3, 7, and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 4, 8.
  • the capacitances formed by the metal plates 5 and 9 can be expressed by the following equations, respectively.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the annular coplanar capacitance probe B in the sensor unit of the inclination measuring device, the capacitance formed by the metal plates 12, 16 and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 13, 17 and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 14, 18.
  • the capacitances formed by the metal plates 15, 19 can be expressed by the following equations, respectively.
  • Fig. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the annular coplanar capacitance probe A is tilted.
  • the capacitance formed by the metal plates 2, 6 and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 3, 7, the capacitance formed by the metal plates 4, 8, and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 5, 9 are respectively:
  • Fig. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the annular coplanar capacitance measuring head B is tilted.
  • the capacitance formed by the metal plates 12 and 16 and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 13, 17 and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 14, 18 and the capacitance formed by the metal plates 15, 19 are respectively:
  • the obtained signal is compared by the capacitance measuring unit and the tilt calculating unit to obtain a tilt angle output.
  • the liquid level of the insulating liquid is adjacent to the radial dividing line of the annular coplanar capacitance probe B.
  • the annular coplanar capacitance probe A is used as the input of the capacitance measuring unit. It can improve the sensitivity of the inclination measuring device and make the measurement result more accurate.
  • the liquid level of the insulating liquid is adjacent to the radial dividing line of the annular coplanar capacitance probe A.
  • the annular coplanar capacitance probe B is used as the capacitance measuring unit.
  • the input can also achieve the same effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法,其中传感器单元(39)的环形共面电容测头(1)由四个四分之一圆形金属板(2,3,4,5)和四个四分之一圆环形金属板(6,7,8,9)组成,八块金属板(2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)共面同心,同一扇形角所对的四分之一圆形金属板(2,3,4,5)和四分之一圆环形金属板(6,7,8,9)形成电容。将两个环形共面电容测头(1,2)安置于两个圆形绝缘基板(10,20)上,两个圆形绝缘基板(10,20)作为圆柱体容器(21)的两底面,并将圆柱体容器(21)横置,圆柱体容器(21)中密封注入体积1/2的绝缘性液体(22)。电位引线(23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38)将十六块金属板(2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19)的电位取出并与电容测量单元(39)的输入端相连,电容测量单元(39)与倾角计算单元(41)连接。圆柱体容器(21)发生倾斜时,两个环形共面电容测头(1,11)与绝缘性液体(22)的相对位置发生变化,通过测量电容值的变化,可求得倾角值。还公开了一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置。

Description

成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法与装置 技术领域
本发明属于角度测量技术领域,主要涉及一种倾角测量方法与装置。
背景技术
目前,公知的测量倾角的传感方法是利用液体的表面在静止状态下始终保持水平的原理。内部加入了液体的容器发生倾斜,稳定后液面保持水平,但液体与容器的相对位置发生了变化。通过检测这一过程所引发的电学量变化,计算出容器相对于内部的液体表面的角度,进而来测定容器的倾斜角。
对于检测容器与其内部所加入的液体表面的之间的倾斜角的传感方式,可分为电阻式和静电电容式两大类。
日本专利2001-13160号公报中介绍了电阻式传感器的相关技术,是将一端封闭的圆筒状的金属容器内密封入适量的导电性液体,开口用金属圆板堵塞。将一对金属电极贯通并固定于圆板。当容器倾斜时,容器与内部的液体表面所成的角度发生变化,从而使金属电极与导电性液体的接触面积改变,使得金属容器和各金属电极之间的电阻发生变化。通过测量其电阻值的变化,就能检测出容器的倾斜角。
但是,金属电极与导电性液体的直接接触,造成电极本身金属的析出、导电性液体的电解等电化学反应,传感器的精度及稳定性很难得到长期的保障。
关于静电电容式传感器,中国CN 1668892A号专利中介绍了相关技术。该传感器就是在电绝缘体制的筒状密闭容器内密封入内容积的1/2量的导电性液体,容器内平行的两个侧面上放置板状主电极,其表面有硅氧化覆盖膜,充当电介质。当容器倾斜时,容器与内部的液体表面所成的角度发生变化,使得板状主电极和导电性液体之间的电容发生变化。从而,对其电容值的变化进行测量,以检测出容器的倾斜角的大小。
但是,在这种静电电容式传感器的情况下,当筒状密闭容器发生的倾斜角度过大时,容器内部的液体偏置一侧而失去与另一个主电极的接触,此时这种传感器失去功效。由于原理的局限性,其可测倾斜角的量程总是有限的,且取决于容器内部的结构尺寸。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有检测倾角的传感方式中金属电极与导电性液体的直接接触、传感器稳定性很难得到长期的保障、可测倾角量程的有限性等问题,本发明提出和设计了成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法与装置,该发明中使用的绝缘 性液体避免了极板的析出等电化学反应,传感器单元中的环形共面电容结构实现了360度全量程测量。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法,所述方法步骤如下:
(1)、将一个圆形金属板和外部圆环形金属板共面同心放置,且圆形金属板和外部圆环形金属板沿径向四等分,分别得到四份四分之一圆形金属板和四份四分之一圆环形金属板,所述同一扇形角所对的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板形成电容,所述四份四分之一圆形金属板与四份四分之一圆环形金属板组合得到环形共面电容测头;
(2)、将两个上述环形共面电容测头垂直浸入到绝缘性液体中,两个环形共面电容测头共轴相向放置,且两个环形共面电容测头的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板均交错分布,绝缘性液体的液面通过两个环形共面电容测头的中心,同一扇形角所对的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板形成的电容容值由空气的介电常数、绝缘性液体的介电常数、各自极板裸露在空气中部分所对的扇形角和浸没在绝缘性液体中部分所对的扇形角共同决定;
(3)、上述两个环形共面电容测头沿中心进行圆周旋转时,其倾角发生改变,绝缘性液体的液面保持水平,两个环形共面电容测头与绝缘性液体的相对位置发生变化,各极板裸露在空气中部分所对的扇形角和浸没在绝缘性液体中部分所对的扇形角发生改变,测量上述同一扇形角所对的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板形成的电容容值的变化,求得倾角值;
(4)、上述两个环形共面电容测头沿中心进行圆周旋转,绝缘性液体液面临近任一环形共面电容测头的径向分割线时,取另一环形共面电容测头所得的计算结果作为最终倾角计算结果。
一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置,包括电容测量单元和倾角计算单元,所述电容测量单元与倾角计算单元连接;所述装置还包括传感器单元,所述传感器单元的构造是:在两端呈开口状的圆柱体容器的两开口端分别密封装配两个圆形绝缘基板,在圆柱体容器腔内位于两个圆形绝缘基板里侧面上分别配装两个环形共面电容测头A、B;所述环形共面电 容测头A由四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d和四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h构成,其中四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h配置在四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d外侧,且四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h与四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d共面同心,所述四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h沿周向均匀分布且与四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d一一对应;所述环形共面电容测头B由四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l和四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p构成,其中四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p配置在四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l外侧,且四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p与四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l共面同心,所述四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p沿周向均匀分布且与四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l一一对应;所述环形共面电容测头A的四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d和环形共面电容测头B的四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l交错分布,所述环形共面电容测头A的四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h和环形共面电容测头B的四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p交错分布;十六根电位引线依次分别将四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d、四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h和四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l、四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p与电容测量单元的输入端连接;所述圆柱体容器呈横置,在所述圆柱体容器内密封注入占圆柱体容器体积二分之一的绝缘性液体。
本发明具有以下特点及良好效果:
(1)与电阻式倾角测量装置相比,由于与电极极板接触的是绝缘性液体,避免了极板本身金属的析出等电化学反应,因此能够长期维持传感器的稳定性和可靠性。
(2)与静电电容式倾角测量装置相比,由于横置的容器可沿中心轴线360度旋转,输出的电容值始终与倾斜角存在函数关系,因此测量范围不受限制,具有360度全量程测量的特点。
(3)由于圆形金属板和外部圆环形金属板均沿径向四等分,得到的四份四分之一圆形金属板和四份四分之一圆环形金属板一一对应,使得环形共面电容测头的径向分割线附近的电力线分布更加均匀,从原理上消除了由径向分割所产生的微小误差,测量结果更加精确。
(4)由于使用了共轴相向放置的两个环形共面电容测头,且两个环形共面电容测头的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板均交错分布,提高了绝缘性液体液面临近环形共面电容测头的径向分割线时倾角测量的灵敏度,测量结果更加精确。
附图说明
图1为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的传感器单元的外形透视图
图2为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头A的原理示意图
图3为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头B的原理示意图
图4为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头A的正视图
图5为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头B的正视图
图6为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头A倾斜时的说明图
图7为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头B倾斜时的说明图
图8为成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置的整体结构示意图
图中件号说明:1环形共面电容测头A、2四分之一圆形金属板a、3四分之一圆形金属板b、4四分之一圆形金属板c、5四分之一圆形金属板d、6四分之一圆环形金属板e、7四分之一圆环形金属板f、8四分之一圆环形金属板g、9四分之一圆环形金属板h、10圆形绝缘基板、11环形共面电容测头B、12四分之一圆形金属板i、13四分之一圆形金属板j、14四分之一圆形金属板k、15四分之一圆形金属板l、16四分之一圆环形金属板m、17四分之一圆环形金属板n、18四分之一圆环形金属板o、19四分之一圆环形金属板p、20圆形绝缘基板、21圆柱体容器、22绝缘性液体、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38电位引线、39传感器单元、40电 容测量单元、41倾角计算单元。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明实施例进行详细描述。
一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置,包括传感器单元39、电容测量单元40和倾角计算单元41,如图8所示为倾角测量装置的整体结构示意图。
图1中示出倾角测量装置的传感器单元的外形透视图,所述传感器单元27的构造是在两端呈开口状的圆柱体容器21的两开口端分别密封装配两个圆形绝缘基板10、20,在圆柱体容器21腔内位于两个圆形绝缘基板10、20里侧面上分别配装两个环形共面电容测头A1、B11;所述环形共面电容测头A1由四个四分之一圆形金属板a2、b3、c4、d5和四个四分之一圆环形金属板e6、f7、g8、h9构成,其中四个四分之一圆环形金属板e6、f7、g8、h9配置在四个四分之一圆形金属板a2、b3、c4、d5外侧,且四个四分之一圆环形金属板e6、f7、g8、h9与四个四分之一圆形金属板a2、b3、c4、d5共面同心,所述四个四分之一圆环形金属板e6、f7、g8、h9沿周向均匀分布且与四个四分之一圆形金属板a2、b3、c4、d5一一对应;所述环形共面电容测头B11由四个四分之一圆形金属板i12、j13、k14、l15和四个四分之一圆环形金属板m16、n17、o18、p19构成,其中四个四分之一圆环形金属板m16、n17、o18、p19配置在四个四分之一圆形金属板i12、j13、k14、l15外侧,且四个四分之一圆环形金属板m16、n17、o18、p19与四个四分之一圆形金属板i12、j13、k14、l15共面同心,所述四个四分之一圆环形金属板m16、n17、o18、p19沿周向均匀分布且与四个四分之一圆形金属板i12、j13、k14、l15一一对应;所述环形共面电容测头A1的四个四分之一圆形金属板a2、b3、c4、d5和环形共面电容测头B11的四个四分之一圆形金属板i12、j13、k14、l15交错分布,所述环形共面电容测头A1的四个四分之一圆环形金属板e6、f7、g8、h9和环形共面电容测头B11的四个四分之一圆环形金属板m16、n17、o18、p19交错分布;十六根电位引线23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38依次分别将四个四分之一圆形金属板a2、b3、c4、d5、四个四分之一圆环形金属板e6、f7、g8、h9和四 个四分之一圆形金属板i12、j13、k14、l15、四个四分之一圆环形金属板m16、n17、o18、p19与电容测量单元39的输入端连接;所述圆柱体容器21呈横置,在所述圆柱体容器21内密封注入占圆柱体容器21体积二分之一的绝缘性液体22。
所述的圆形绝缘基板10、20由树脂玻纤材料制成。
所述的绝缘性液体22是由甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇的醇类、丙酮、丁酮的酮类、二甘醇单丁基醚的醚类中的一种或多种成分组合的液体。
一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法,该方法步骤如下:
(1)将一个圆形金属板和外部圆环形金属板共面同心放置,且外部圆环形金属板沿径向四等分,得到四份四分之一圆环形金属板,所述每一份四分之一圆环形金属板分别与圆形金属板形成电容,所述一个圆形金属板与四份四分之一圆环形金属板组合得到环形共面电容测头。
参照附图2、3,环形共面电容测头A、B的金属板间电力线沿金属板均匀分布,可近似用半圆弧形线代替。依照单一共面电容的求解公式,可知环形共面电容与电介质的介电常数成正比关系,可用下式表示。
C=K·ε
(2)将两个上述环形共面电容测头垂直浸入到绝缘性液体中,两个环形共面电容测头共轴相向放置,且两个环形共面电容测头的四分之一圆环形金属板交错分布,绝缘性液体的液面通过两个环形共面电容测头的中心,每一份四分之一圆环形金属板与圆形金属板形成的电容容值由空气的介电常数、绝缘性液体的介电常数、各自极板裸露在空气中部分所对的扇形角和浸没在绝缘性液体中部分所对的扇形角共同决定。
图4为倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头A的正视图,金属板2、6所形成的电容和金属板3、7所形成的电容、金属板4、8所形成的电容以及金属板5、9所形成的电容可分别用下式表示。
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000004
图5为倾角测量装置的传感器单元中环形共面电容测头B的正视图,金属板12、16所形成的电容和金属板13、17所形成的电容、金属板14、18所形成的电容以及金属板15、19所形成的电容可分别用下式表示。
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000008
(3)上述两个环形共面电容测头沿中心进行圆周旋转时,其倾角发生改变,绝缘性液体的液面保持水平,两个环形共面电容测头与绝缘性液体的相对位置发生变化,各极板裸露在空气中部分所对的扇形角和浸没在绝缘性液体中部分所对的扇形角发生改变。
图6示出环形共面电容测头A倾斜时的说明图。此时金属板2、6所形成的电容和金属板3、7所形成的电容、金属板4、8所形成的电容以及金属板5、9所形成的电容分别为:
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000012
对上式组合作差可得:
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000014
进而求得倾斜角的求解公式为:
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000015
图7示出环形共面电容测头B倾斜时的说明图。此时金属板12、16所形成的电容和金属板13、17所形成的电容、金属板14、18所形成的电容以及金属板15、19所形成的电容分别为:
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000019
对上式组合作差可得:
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000021
进而求得倾斜角的求解公式为:
Figure PCTCN2015075460-appb-000022
通过电容测量单元和倾角计算单元将得到的信号进行比较处理,即可得到倾斜角输出。
(4)上述两个环形共面电容测头沿中心进行圆周旋转,绝缘性液体液面临近任一环形共面电容测头的径向分割线时,取另一环形共面电容测头所得的计算结果作为最终倾角计算结果。
当倾斜角在±45°和±135°附近时,绝缘性液体的液面临近环形共面电容测头B的径向分割线,此时以环形共面电容测头A作为电容测量单元的输入,可提高倾角测量装置的灵敏度,使测量结果更加精确。同理,当倾斜角在0°和±90°附近时,绝缘性液体的液面临近环形共面电容测头A的径向分割线,此时以环形共面电容测头B作为电容测量单元的输入,亦可达到相同的效果。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量方法,其特征在于:所述方法步骤如下:
    (1)、将一个圆形金属板和外部圆环形金属板共面同心放置,且圆形金属板和外部圆环形金属板沿径向四等分,分别得到四份四分之一圆形金属板和四份四分之一圆环形金属板,所述同一扇形角所对的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板形成电容,所述四份四分之一圆形金属板与四份四分之一圆环形金属板组合得到环形共面电容测头;
    (2)、将两个上述环形共面电容测头垂直浸入到绝缘性液体中,两个环形共面电容测头共轴相向放置,且两个环形共面电容测头的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板均交错分布,绝缘性液体的液面通过两个环形共面电容测头的中心,同一扇形角所对的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板形成的电容容值由空气的介电常数、绝缘性液体的介电常数、各自极板裸露在空气中部分所对的扇形角和浸没在绝缘性液体中部分所对的扇形角共同决定;
    (3)、上述两个环形共面电容测头沿中心进行圆周旋转时,其倾角发生改变,绝缘性液体的液面保持水平,两个环形共面电容测头与绝缘性液体的相对位置发生变化,各极板裸露在空气中部分所对的扇形角和浸没在绝缘性液体中部分所对的扇形角发生改变,测量上述同一扇形角所对的四分之一圆形金属板和四分之一圆环形金属板形成的电容容值的变化,求得倾角值;
    (4)、上述两个环形共面电容测头沿中心进行圆周旋转,绝缘性液体液面临近任一环形共面电容测头的径向分割线时,取另一环形共面电容测头所得的计算结果作为最终倾角计算结果。
  2. 一种成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置,包括电容测量单元(40)和倾角计算单元(41),所述电容测量单元(40)与倾角计算单元(41)连接;其特征在于:所述装置还包括传感器单元(39),所述传感器单元(39)的构造是:在两端呈开口状的圆柱体容器(21)的两开口端分别密封装配两个圆形绝缘基板(10、20),在圆柱体容器(21)腔内位于两个圆形绝缘基板(10、20)里侧面上分别配装两个环形共面电容测头A、B(1、11);所述环形共面电容测头A(1)由四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d(2、3、4、5)和四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h(6、7、8、9)构成,其中四 个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h(6、7、8、9)配置在四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d(2、3、4、5)外侧,且四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h(6、7、8、9)与四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d(2、3、4、5)共面同心,所述四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h(6、7、8、9)沿周向均匀分布且与四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d(2、3、4、5)一一对应;所述环形共面电容测头B(11)由四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l(12、13、14、15)和四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p(16、17、18、19)构成,其中四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p(16、17、18、19)配置在四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l(12、13、14、15)外侧,且四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p(16、17、18、19)与四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l(12、13、14、15)共面同心,所述四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p(16、17、18、19)沿周向均匀分布且与四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l(12、13、14、15)一一对应;所述环形共面电容测头A(1)的四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d(2、3、4、5)和环形共面电容测头B(11)的四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l(12、13、14、15)交错分布,所述环形共面电容测头A(1)的四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h(6、7、8、9)和环形共面电容测头B(11)的四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p(16、17、18、19)交错分布;十六根电位引线(23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38)依次分别将四个四分之一圆形金属板a、b、c、d(2、3、4、5)、四个四分之一圆环形金属板e、f、g、h(6、7、8、9)和四个四分之一圆形金属板i、j、k、l(12、13、14、15)、四个四分之一圆环形金属板m、n、o、p(16、17、18、19)与电容测量单元(39)的输入端连接;所述圆柱体容器(21)呈横置,在所述圆柱体容器(21)内密封注入占圆柱体容器(21)体积二分之一的绝缘性液体(22)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置,其特征在于:所述的圆形绝缘基板(10、20)由树脂玻纤材料制成。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的成对四等分环-四等分圆嵌套极板相向交错放置式倾角测量装置,其特征在于:所述的绝缘性液体(22)是由甲醇、乙醇、异 丙醇的醇类、丙酮、丁酮的酮类、二甘醇单丁基醚的醚类中的一种或多种成分组合的液体。
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