WO2015165205A1 - 一种信道接入方法、系统、站点及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

一种信道接入方法、系统、站点及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015165205A1
WO2015165205A1 PCT/CN2014/087468 CN2014087468W WO2015165205A1 WO 2015165205 A1 WO2015165205 A1 WO 2015165205A1 CN 2014087468 W CN2014087468 W CN 2014087468W WO 2015165205 A1 WO2015165205 A1 WO 2015165205A1
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Prior art keywords
station
transmission time
time period
indication information
transmission
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PCT/CN2014/087468
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨丹
吕开颖
李楠
孙波
韩志强
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to EP14891052.4A priority Critical patent/EP3139680B1/en
Priority to US15/307,895 priority patent/US20170055287A1/en
Publication of WO2015165205A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015165205A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a channel access method, system, site, and computer readable storage medium.
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • IEEE802.11 working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers has defined a series of WLAN technology standards such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n. It mainly defines the physical layer (PHY, Physical Layer) and media access control (MAC, Media Access Control) layer specification.
  • PHY Physical Layer
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • other task groups have emerged to develop specifications that are related to the existing 802.11 technology improvements.
  • the High Efficiency WLAN (HEW) task group mainly studies how to enable WLAN networks to achieve more efficient data transmission in dense network scenarios. .
  • the basic architecture of a WLAN refers to a basic service set (BSS) composed of a station (STA, Station), and the BSS includes an access point station (AP) and multiple associated with the AP.
  • BSS basic service set
  • AP access point station
  • Non-AP station. 802.11 defines two basic access modes for wireless channels: contention-based access method-Distributed Coordination Function (DCF); and scheduling-based access method-point coordination function (PCF, Point Coordination Function) ). Based on these two basic access methods, considering the quality of service (QoS) requirements of service flows, two channel access methods are proposed: Enhanced Distributed Coordination Access (EDCA, Enhanced Distributed Channel) Access) and hybrid coordination function control channel access function (HCCA, Hybrid Coordination function Controlled channel Access).
  • EDCA Enhanced Distributed Coordination Access
  • HCCA Hybrid Coordination function Controlled channel Access
  • the DCF is the most basic channel access mode, and uses multiple carrier sense multiple access mechanisms with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA, CSMA with Collision Avoidance) to enable multiple STAs to share a wireless channel.
  • EDCA is an enhanced channel access mode. Based on the CSMA/CA mechanism, EDCA defines four access categories (AC, Access Categories), which are the background access category (AC_BK, AC Background) and the best-effort access category. AC_BE, AC Best Effort), video access category (AC_VI, AC Video) and voice access category (AC_VO, AC Voice), each AC defines a specific set of parameters that statistically define each AC pair The priority level of channel access.
  • the STA obtains a TXOP through the channel access procedure.
  • One TXOP refers to a bounded period in which the STA can transmit a specific communication category.
  • the STA can continue to transmit data frames or control frames according to the AC. , or manage frames, or receive response frames.
  • the precondition is that the duration of these frame sequences does not exceed the TXOP upper limit set for the AC.
  • the network allocation vector NAV, Network Allocation Vector
  • the prior art also allows the STA to use the CF-End (Contention Free End) frame to truncate the TXOP such that the TXOP ends prematurely. At the end of the current TXOP, the channel will be opened again for all STAs to contend for access.
  • CF-End Contention Free End
  • the STAs are very densely distributed, resulting in fierce channel competition.
  • the transmission opportunities available to each site are reduced, and the reduction of transmission opportunities may result in more buffered data waiting for the site.
  • a typical service application of HEW is a video service, and usually downlink data is more than uplink data.
  • the prior art can increase the priority of the AP access channel by configuring the AP with high priority channel access parameters, it is theoretically possible to increase the chance of the AP acquiring the TXOP. But in any case, the AP still needs to contend for the channel, so it cannot reduce the competition. pin.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a channel access method, system, site, and computer readable storage medium.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a channel access method, where the method includes:
  • the first station obtains the first transmission time period, and sends the indication information to the second station in the first transmission time period, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period;
  • the second station obtains a second transmission time period and performs radio frame transmission during the second transmission time period.
  • the first transmission time period is a transmission opportunity acquired by the first station through a contention access channel, or the first transmission time period is a transmission time pre-allocated to the first station.
  • the indication information is a specific radio frame sent by the first station to the second station; or a specific field carried in the radio frame sent by the first station to the second station.
  • the second station obtaining the second transmission time period means that the second station obtains the second transmission time after transmitting the response frame. segment;
  • the second station obtaining the second transmission time period means that the second station obtains the second after receiving the radio frame Transmission time period.
  • the second station After receiving the indication information, the second station suspends the performing retreat process, and Perform data frame transmission;
  • the second station resumes the suspended rollback process after the end of the second transmission time period.
  • the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period is determined by the second station, and the determining by the second station refers to: the transmission opportunity corresponding to the access category of the data to be sent by the second station.
  • the time upper limit value is set to the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period; or, the remaining time length of the first transmission time period is set to the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period;
  • the time start of the second transmission time period is before the end of the first transmission time period.
  • the method before the first station sends the indication information to the second site, the method further includes:
  • the first site performs capability negotiation or capability indication with the second site.
  • the indication information is further used to set a network allocation vector; when the indication information is received by another station recently updated by the first station, the other station sets a network allocation vector after a specific time.
  • the foregoing solution further includes: after the second station receives the indication information, if it decides to abandon the obtaining the second transmission time period, sending a radio frame indication to the first station to end the second transmission time period;
  • a radio frame is a response frame, or an acknowledgment frame, or a management frame carrying abandonment information.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a channel access method, where the method includes:
  • the first station obtains a first transmission time period, and sends indication information to the second station in the first transmission time period, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period.
  • the first transmission time period is a transmission opportunity acquired by the first station through a contention access channel, or the first transmission time period is a transmission time pre-allocated to the first station.
  • the indication information is a specific radio frame sent by the first station to the second station; or a specific field carried in the radio frame sent by the first station to the second station.
  • the method before the sending, by the first site, the indication information to the second site, the method further includes:
  • the first site performs capability negotiation or capability indication with the second site.
  • the indication information is further used to set a network allocation vector; when the indication information is received by another station recently updated by the first station, the other station sets a network allocation vector after a specific time.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a channel access method, where the method includes:
  • the second station receives the indication information sent by the first station, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period, and the indication information is that the first station sends the first transmission time period. of;
  • the second station obtains a second transmission time period and performs radio frame transmission during the second transmission time period.
  • the second station obtaining the second transmission time period means that the second station obtains the second transmission time after transmitting the response frame. segment;
  • the second station obtaining the second transmission time period means that the second station obtains the second after receiving the radio frame Transmission time period.
  • the second station After receiving the indication information, the second station suspends the performing backoff process and performs data frame transmission;
  • the second station resumes the suspended rollback process after the end of the second transmission time period.
  • the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period is determined by the second station, and the determining by the second station refers to: the transmission opportunity corresponding to the access category of the data to be sent by the second station.
  • the time upper limit value is set to the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period; or, the remaining time length of the first transmission time period is set to the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period;
  • the time start of the second transmission time period is before the end of the first transmission time period.
  • the foregoing solution further includes: after the second station receives the indication information, if it decides to abandon the obtaining the second transmission time period, sending a radio frame indication to the first station to end the second transmission time period;
  • a radio frame is a response frame, or an acknowledgment frame, or a management frame carrying abandonment information.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a first site, where the first site includes:
  • the indication information construction module is configured to, after obtaining the first transmission time period, construct indication information for notifying the second station to obtain the second transmission time period;
  • the information sending module is configured to send the indication information to the second station in the first transmission time period.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a second site, where the second site includes:
  • the indication information receiving module is configured to receive the indication information sent by the first station, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period, and the indication information is that the first station is in the first transmission Sent during the time period;
  • a transmission module configured to obtain a second transmission time period and perform radio frame transmission in the second transmission time period.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a channel access system, where the system includes:
  • a first station configured to obtain a first transmission time period, and send indication information to the second station in the first transmission time period, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain a second transmission time period;
  • the second station is configured to obtain a second transmission time period and perform radio frame transmission in the second transmission time period.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, the storage medium comprising a set of computer executable instructions for performing the channel access method provided by any of the above embodiments of the present invention.
  • the first station obtains the first transmission time period, notifies the second station to obtain the second transmission time period; the second station transmits the second transmission time. Data transmission takes place during the time period. So when any one first site After obtaining the first transmission time period, the second station may be notified to obtain the second transmission time period, so that the channel competition capability of the second station is greatly improved, thereby improving the channel access rate of the second station.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart 1 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a second flowchart of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a third flowchart of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a basic topology diagram of a BSS according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary flowchart 1 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary flowchart 2 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary flowchart 3 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary flowchart 4 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary flowchart 5 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is an exemplary flowchart 6 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary flowchart 7 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is an exemplary flowchart 8 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is an exemplary flowchart IX of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is an exemplary flowchart 10 of a channel access method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel access system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a station STA according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another STA according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first station obtains the first transmission time period, and sends the indication information to the second station in the first transmission time period, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time.
  • the second site obtains a second transmission time period, and in the second Radio frame transmission during the transmission period.
  • a first embodiment of the present invention provides a channel access method. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 The first station obtains a first transmission time period, and sends indication information to the second station in the first transmission time period, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period;
  • the first transmission time period obtained by the first station may be a transmission opportunity obtained when the first station contends for the access channel through the EDCA mechanism; or may be a transmission time period obtained by the first station through the non-competitive manner.
  • the first site is a non-access point site
  • the end time of the second transmission time period obtained by the second station may exceed the end time of the first transmission time period; the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period may be corresponding to the access category of the data to be transmitted by the second station.
  • the upper limit of the transmission opportunity time is set.
  • obtaining, by the first station, the first transmission time period includes: the first station detects the medium After being idle, it delays one AIFS, and then delays a random backoff period, and successfully obtains a first transmission time period after performing a frame exchange.
  • the first station After the first station successfully obtains the first transmission time period, the first station sends the indication information to the second station to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period;
  • the indication information may be the specific information sent by the first station to the second station. a radio frame; or a specific field carried in a radio frame sent by the first station to the second station;
  • the first station notifies the second station to obtain the second transmission time period by using the specific radio frame, which means that the first station notifies the second station to obtain the second transmission time period by using the radio frame of the specific frame format; that is, when the first station When the second station receives the radio frame of the specific frame format, the second transmission time period may be obtained;
  • the radio frame of the specific frame format may include: a trigger frame, or a CF-End frame, or Data frame, etc.
  • the first station notifies the second station to obtain the second transmission time period by using a specific field carried in the radio frame, which means that the first station notifies the second station to obtain the second by one or more bits carried in the radio frame. Transmission time period.
  • the second station obtaining the second transmission time period means that the second station obtains the second transmission time after transmitting the response frame segment
  • the obtaining, by the second station, the second transmission time period means that the second station receives the specific radio frame or includes a specific field.
  • the second transmission time period is obtained after the radio frame.
  • the capability negotiation is performed with the second site, where the capability negotiation refers to the interaction between the first site and the second site, thereby determining whether the first site supports Sending indication information, whether the second site supports receiving the indication information; or, before the first station sends the indication information to the second site, performing a capability indication with the second site to determine whether the first site supports the location Describe the ability of the second site to indicate and determine whether the second site accepts the first site indication;
  • the obtaining the indication information of the second transmission time period is further used to set a network allocation vector; when the indication information is received by another station recently updated by the first station, the other station sets the network allocation after a specific time Vector
  • the second station may send a radio frame indicating that the transmission time period is ended.
  • the radio frame may be a response frame or an acknowledgement frame, or may be a management frame carrying the abandonment information actively sent by the second station.
  • Step 102 The second station obtains a second transmission time period, and performs radio frame transmission in the second transmission time period;
  • the second site After receiving the indication information, the second site suspends the execution of the rollback process and performs data Frame transmission
  • the second station resumes the suspended rollback process after the end of the second transmission time period.
  • the time limit of the second transmission time period is set by the second station according to requirements; the second station may set the upper limit of the transmission opportunity time corresponding to the access category of the data to be sent as the second transmission time period.
  • the time limit of the first transmission time period may be set as the upper time limit of the second transmission time period; the remaining duration of the first transmission time period herein refers to the first station being the first The time from the end of the first transmission time period when data transmission is completed within the transmission time period.
  • the time starting point of the second transmission time period obtained by the second station is before the end of the first transmission time period, and the time starting point may be from the time point when the data transmission of the first station is completed in the first transmission time period.
  • the second station sends buffered data to the corresponding station before the set second transmission time period upper limit value arrives; that is, the second station may be in the set second transmission time period within the time frame, the self-buffered data is sent to any other site or sites, where one or more sites may or may not include the first site.
  • the cost of the second station competing channel can be greatly reduced in this way, because any one of the first stations can notify the second station to obtain the second transmission opportunity after obtaining the first transmission opportunity, so that The channel access rate of the second station is greatly increased; after the first station obtains the first transmission time period, the second station is directly notified to obtain the second transmission time period, and after the second station obtains the second transmission time period, the first time is obtained.
  • the station starts at a data transmission end time in the first transmission time period, and occupies a channel to perform data communication in the second transmission time period; the time length of the second transmission time period is transmitted by the second station according to an AC corresponding The upper time limit is determined. Therefore, the end time of the second transmission time period is not limited, and may be the same as the end time of the first transmission time period or before or after the end time of the first transmission time period;
  • the first station may or may not transmit data during the first transmission time period; the case where the data is not transmitted is equivalent to the first station only in the EDCA competition letter.
  • the second station is used to compete for a transmission time period; or the transmission time period pre-allocated for itself is directly forwarded to the second station that needs to send data; in the case of transmitting data, it is equivalent to the first
  • the site utilizes its own capabilities to compete for itself and other second sites for a period of data transmission time; or to share the transmission time period obtained by itself with the second site.
  • the second transmission opportunity obtained by the second station can be regarded as an inheritance of the first transmission time period obtained by the first station, and after inheritance, the length of the second transmission time period can be set as needed. .
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides another channel access method. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 201 The first station obtains a first transmission time period
  • Step 202 The first station sends indication information to the second station in the first transmission time period, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period.
  • the first transmission time period obtained by the first station may be a transmission opportunity obtained when the first station competes for the access channel through the EDCA mechanism; or, the first station may pass the non-competitive manner, for example, when the first station When it is a non-access point site, a transmission time that can be pre-allocated by the access point site for the non-access point site;
  • the first station station obtains the first transmission time period, including: the first station is in After detecting that the media is idle, it delays one AIFS, and then delays a random backoff period, and successfully obtains the first transmission time period after performing a frame exchange;
  • the first station After the first station successfully obtains the first transmission time period, the first station sends the indication information to the second station to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period;
  • the indication information may be the specific information sent by the first station to the second station. a radio frame; or a specific field carried in a radio frame sent by the first station to the second station;
  • the first station notifies the second station to obtain the second transmission time period by using the specific radio frame, which means that the first station notifies the second station to obtain a transmission time period by using the radio frame of the specific frame format; that is, when the second station When the station receives the radio frame of the specific frame format, the second transmission time period may be obtained;
  • the radio frame of the specific frame format may include: a trigger frame, or a CF-End frame, or a data frame;
  • the first station notifies the second station to obtain the second transmission time period by using a specific field carried in the radio frame, which means that the first station notifies the second station to obtain the second by one or more bits carried in the radio frame. Transmission time period;
  • the capability negotiation is performed with the second site, where the capability negotiation refers to the interaction between the first site and the second site, thereby determining whether the first site supports Sending indication information, whether the second site supports receiving the indication information; or, before the first station sends the indication information to the second site, performing a capability indication with the second site to determine whether the first site supports the location Describe the ability of the second site to indicate and determine whether the second site accepts the first site indication.
  • the radio frame may be a response frame or an acknowledgement frame, or may be a management frame that carries the abandonment information actively sent by the second station.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention provides another channel access method. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 The second station receives the indication information sent by the first station, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period, and the indication information is that the first station is in the first transmission time period. Sent
  • Step 302 The second station obtains a second transmission time period, and in the second transmission time period Perform wireless frame transmission.
  • the indication information of the second transmission time period received by the second station may be a radio frame having a specific frame format, or may be a radio frame including a specific field;
  • the second station may obtain the second frame a transmission time period;
  • the radio frame having a specific frame format may include: a trigger frame, or a CF-End frame, or a data frame;
  • the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period may be set according to requirements; the second station may according to the transmission opportunity time corresponding to the access category of the data to be sent.
  • the upper limit value is set for the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period; the time upper limit value of the corresponding access category, such as AC_BK, or AC_BE, or AC_VI or AC_VO may be used as the time upper limit of the second transmission time period Value; or, the remaining duration of the first transmission period may be set to a value of the upper limit of the second transmission period; where the remaining duration of the first transmission period is that the first station is within the first transmission period When the data transmission is completed, the time from the end of the first transmission time period.
  • the second station may send a radio frame indicating that the second transmission time period is ended, where the wireless frame may be
  • the response frame or the confirmation frame may also be a management frame carrying the abandonment information actively sent by the second station.
  • the second station may send buffered data to other stations before the set upper second transmission time period upper limit value arrives as needed; that is, the second station may be in the second transmission time Within the time range of the segment, the self-buffered data is transmitted to any other one or more sites, where one or more sites may or may not include the first site; here, the second transmission time period obtained by the second site
  • the time start point is before the end of the first transmission time period, and the time start point may be from the time point when the first station transmits data in the first transmission time period.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary basic topology diagram of a BSS showing a BSS in a wireless communication system in a dense scenario, the BSS including one AP (ie, AP1 shown in FIG. 4) and a plurality of non- Access point stations STA1, STA2, STA3, and STA4, where STA2 and STA3 are the listening stations of STA1, that is, STA2 and STA3 can listen to the data from STA1; STA4 is not the listening station of STA1, and therefore, the STA1 is not monitored. Data; STA1, STA2, STA3, and STA4 can all receive data from AP1.
  • AP ie, AP1 shown in FIG. 4
  • STA2 and STA3 are the listening stations of STA1, that is, STA2 and STA3 can listen to the data from STA1; STA4 is not the listening station of STA1, and therefore, the STA1 is not monitored.
  • Data; STA1, STA2, STA3, and STA4 can all
  • the channel access method provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below by using the BSS in FIG. 4 as an example.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic timing diagram of a channel access method according to an example of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then A random backoff period is extended, and an RTS is sent to the AP1.
  • the first transmission time period T1 is successfully obtained, and the STA1 starts to send data.
  • the STA1 and STA3 of the STA1 set their own NAV to NAV1 when listening to the RTS, and set their own NAV to NAV3 after listening to the CTS sent by the AP1.
  • STA4 sets its own NAV to NAV4 when it listens to the CTS sent by AP1 to STA1.
  • STA1 sends a trigger frame to AP1.
  • the Ack Policy field of the trigger frame is set to no response.
  • AP1 receives the trigger frame and acquires a new second transmission time period T2, and uses AC_BK (can be associated with STA1).
  • the TXOP limit of the access class of T1 is the same or different as the upper limit of the time of the new transmission time period, and AP1 starts a new transmission time period T2 after the time of the short interframe space (SIFS, Short Interframe Space).
  • SIFS Short Interframe Space
  • STA1 sets an indication supporting the capability of transmitting the trigger frame in the capability domain of the radio frame before transmitting the trigger frame to AP1; AP1 broadcasts its own support accepting site trigger in the management frame (beacon frame and or associated frame) Ability.
  • STA1 sets the TXOP power save field in the trigger frame to 1, indicating that it will enter the power-saving mode, and AP1 does not send data to STA1 after receiving the trigger frame.
  • STA4 sets its own NAV to NAV5 when it receives the first frame in T2.
  • the AP1 performs downlink multi-user (MU) transmission to STA2, STA3, and STA4 in the new transmission time period.
  • MU downlink multi-user
  • the data sent by AP1 in T2 may be data in any AC queue.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic sequence diagram of operation of a channel access method according to Example 2 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and a transmission opportunity first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, STA1 starts to transmit data.
  • the listening stations STA2 and STA3 set their own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • the STA1 sends a trigger frame to the AP1, and the Ack Policy field of the trigger frame is set to be unresponsive.
  • the AP1 acquires a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and
  • the TXOP limit of AC_VO (which may be the same or different from the access category of T1 obtained by STA1) is taken as the upper limit of the time of the new transmission time period, and AP1 starts a new transmission time period T2 after the SIFS time elapses.
  • STA1 before transmitting the trigger frame to AP1, STA1 sends a radio frame indication to AP1 to support the capability of transmitting the trigger frame; after receiving the radio frame, AP1 responds to a radio frame to indicate that it supports the ability to accept the site trigger.
  • AP1 performs downlink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission to STA1, STA2, and STA3 in T2, and the data transmitted by AP1 in T2 may be data in any AC queue.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic timing diagram of a channel access method according to Example 3 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and a first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, STA1 starts to transmit data.
  • the listening stations STA2 and STA3 set their own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • STA1 After transmitting its own data and obtaining the response frame ACK, STA1 sends a trigger frame to AP1.
  • the Ack Policy field of the trigger frame is set to the normal response ACK, and AP1 replies with an ACK after receiving the trigger frame.
  • AP1 After replying to the ACK, AP1 obtains a second transmission time period T2, and uses the TXOP limit of AC_BE as the upper limit of the time of the new transmission time period.
  • the AP1 starts a transmission period, that is, the second transmission period T2, after the SIFS interval after replying to the ACK.
  • AP1 performs MU transmission to STA2, STA3, and STA4 simultaneously in T2, and the data sent by AP1 in T2 may be data in any AC queue.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of operation of a channel access method according to Example 4 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and a first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, STA1 starts to transmit a data frame.
  • the listening stations STA2 and STA3 set their own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • STA1 sets the bit TriggerNewTxop in the data frame sent to AP1 to 1, indicating that AP1 is triggered to acquire a new transmission time period, and the Ack Policy field of the data frame is set to the normal response ACK, and AP1 replies after receiving the data frame.
  • An ACK After replying to the ACK, AP1 obtains a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and uses the TXOP of AC_BE. Limit is used as the upper limit of the time of the new transmission time period T2.
  • AP1 starts a new transmission time period T2 after the SIFS interval after replying to the ACK.
  • AP1 performs MU transmission to STA1, STA2, and STA3 simultaneously in T2, and the data sent by AP1 in T2 may be data in any AC queue.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic timing diagram of a channel access method according to Example 5 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and a first transmission time period T1 is successfully obtained, STA1 starts to transmit data frames, and the listening stations STA2 and STA3 set their own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • the bit TriggerNewTxop in the data frame sent by STA1 to AP1 is set to 1, indicating that the triggering AP1 acquires a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and the Ack Policy field of the data frame is set to the normal response ACK.
  • STA1 does not receive the response frame ACK from AP1 within the SIFS interval after transmitting the data frame, and STA1 retransmits the data frame after the point coordination function interframe space (PIFS).
  • PIFS point coordination function interframe space
  • AP1 successfully receives the retransmission frame and replies with an ACK.
  • AP1 obtains a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and uses the TXOP limit of AC_VI as the new transmission time period T2.
  • AP1 starts a transmission period T2 after the SIFS interval after replying to the ACK.
  • STA2 and STA3 set their own NAV to NAV2 when receiving the first frame in T2.
  • AP1 performs downlink data transmission at intervals of SIFS to STA1, STA2, and STA3 in T2, where data 1 is data sent to STA1; data 2 is data sent to STA2; data sent by AP1 in T2 may be Data in any AC queue.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a channel access method according to Example 6 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and a first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, STA1 starts to transmit data.
  • the listening stations STA2 and STA3 set their own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • STA1 sends a trigger frame to AP1.
  • the Ack Policy field of the trigger frame is set to no response.
  • AP1 receives the trigger frame and acquires a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and uses the TXOP limit of AC_BK. As the upper time limit of the new transmission time period T2, AP1 starts a new transmission time period T2 after the SIFS time elapses.
  • AP1 sends downlink data to STA2 in T2, and the data sent by AP1 in T2 can be data in any AC queue.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic timing diagram of a channel access method according to Example 7 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and the first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, STA1 starts to transmit data.
  • the listening station STA2 sets its own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • STA1 sends a trigger frame to AP1.
  • the Ack Policy field of the trigger frame is set to a normal response.
  • AP1 replies with an ACK and indicates that it has abandoned the ACK.
  • STA1 sends a CF-END to reset the NAVs of the listening stations STA2 and STA3.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a channel access method according to Example 8 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and after detecting that the media is idle, STA1 delays an AIFS, and then After a random backoff period is extended and the first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, STA1 starts to transmit data.
  • the listening station STA2 sets its own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • the STA1 After transmitting its own data and obtaining the response frame ACK, the STA1 sends a CF-End frame to the AP1 as a trigger frame, and the CF-End includes a field for indicating that the AP1 can acquire a new transmission time period.
  • STA2 and STA3 receive the CF-End to reset their NAV;
  • AP1 After receiving the CF-End from STA1, AP1 does not reply or responds to the same CF-End every SIFS interval, indicating that it has abandoned the acquisition of a new transmission time period and resets the NAV of the site around itself.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic sequence diagram of operation of a channel access method according to Example 9 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and the first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, STA1 starts to transmit data.
  • the listening stations STA2 and STA3 set their own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • the STA1 After transmitting its own data and obtaining the response frame ACK, the STA1 sends a CF-End frame to the AP1 as a trigger frame, and the frame carries a trigger indication, indicating that the AP1 can acquire a new transmission time period. STA2 and STA3 will reset their NAV when they receive the CF-End.
  • AP1 After receiving the SIFS interval from the CF-End of STA1, AP1 sends a data to STA3, and acquires a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and takes the TXOP limit of AC_VO as the upper limit of time of T2.
  • STA2, STA3, and STA4 set their own NAV to NAV2 when receiving the first frame in T2.
  • AP1 sends downlink data to STA4 at T2, and the data sent by AP1 in T2 can be data in any AC queue.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a channel access method according to Example 10 of the present invention.
  • AP1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and AP1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle, and then After a random backoff period is extended and the first transmission period T1 is successfully acquired, AP1 starts to transmit data.
  • the listening station STA2 sets its own NAV to NAV1 when receiving the first frame in T1.
  • AP1 sends a trigger frame to STA1.
  • the Ack Policy field of the trigger frame is set to no response.
  • STA1 receives the trigger frame and acquires a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and uses the TXOP limit of AC_BK. As the upper time limit of T2, STA1 starts a new transmission time period T2 after the SIFS time.
  • STA1 performs uplink transmission to the AP simultaneously in T2, and the data sent by STA1 in T2 may be data in any AC queue.
  • FIG. 5 is also a timing diagram of operation of a channel access method according to Example 11 of the present invention.
  • STA1 contends for an access channel through an EDCA mechanism, and STA1 delays an AIFS after detecting that the media is idle. Then, a random backoff period is postponed, and an RTS is sent to the AP1. After successfully receiving the CTS from the AP1 reply, a transmission time period T1 is successfully acquired, and the STA1 starts to send data.
  • the STA1 and STA3 of the STA1 set their own NAV to NAV1 when listening to the RTS, and set their own NAV to NAV3 after listening to the CTS sent by the AP1.
  • STA4 sets its own NAV to NAV4 when it listens to the CTS sent by AP1 to STA1.
  • STA1 sends a trigger frame to AP1, and the Ack Policy field of the trigger frame is set to be unresponsive.
  • AP1 acquires a new transmission time period, that is, the second transmission time period T2, and uses the TXOP limit of AC_BK as the upper limit of the new transmission time period T2.
  • AP1 starts a new one after the SIFS time. Transmission time period T2.
  • STA4 sets its own NAV to NAV5 when it receives the first frame in T2.
  • the AP1 performs downlink MU transmission to STA2, STA3, and STA4 in the new transmission time period T2, and the data sent by AP1 in T2 may be data in any AC queue. In addition, AP1 may not send indications to other sites again, triggering other sites to acquire a new transmission time period again.
  • the AP pre-allocates periodic resources to the STA1 VoIP service, including an activation period and a silent period. For example, the AP pre-allocates a first transmission time period to T1, but ST1A may have no data to send, and enters a silent period. At this time, the STA may send a trigger frame to the AP, or the more data field in the last transmitted data frame. Set to 0 to notify the AP to obtain the second transmission time period T2. After receiving the trigger frame, the AP uses the remaining time of T1 as the upper time limit of T2, and performs downlink data transmission in T2.
  • VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
  • FIG. 15 is a basic structural diagram of the channel access system. As shown in FIG. 15, the system includes: a first site 151 and a second site 152;
  • the first station 151 is configured to send, after the first transmission time period, the indication information to the second station 152 in the first transmission time period, where the indication information is used to notify the second station 152 to obtain the second transmission time period;
  • the second station 152 is configured to obtain a second transmission time period and perform radio frame transmission in the second transmission time period.
  • the first transmission time period obtained by the first station 151 may be a transmission opportunity obtained when the first station 151 competes for the access channel by using the EDCA mechanism; or may be a transmission time period obtained by the first station 151 by the non-contention mode.
  • a transmission time that can be pre-allocated by the access point site for the non-access point site may be pre-allocated.
  • the end time of the second transmission time period obtained by the second station 152 may exceed the end time of the first transmission time period
  • the time upper limit value of the second transmission time period may be set by the second station 152 according to the upper limit of the transmission opportunity time of the access category corresponding to the data that needs to be sent; the upper time limit of the second transmission time period
  • the time limit of the transmission time of the corresponding access category may be the same; or the remaining duration of the first transmission time period may be set to the upper limit of the second transmission time period; the remaining duration of the first transmission time period herein It refers to the time when the first station finishes transmitting data within the first transmission time period and ends at the end of the first transmission time period.
  • the obtaining, by the first station 151, the first transmission time period includes: After detecting that the media is idle, the site 151 delays one AIFS, and then delays a random backoff period, and successfully obtains a transmission opportunity after performing a frame exchange; or
  • the first station 151 After detecting that the media is idle, the first station 151 delays one AIFS, then delays a random backoff period, and sends a request to the second station 152 to send an RTS signal, which is successfully received from the second station 152.
  • the reply is allowed to successfully send a transmission opportunity after sending the CTS signal.
  • the second station 152 After the first station 151 successfully obtains the first transmission time period, the second station 152 sends the indication information to the second station 152 to obtain the second transmission time period; the indication information may be that the first station 151 is the second one. a specific radio frame transmitted by the station 152; or may be carried in the a specific field in the radio frame sent by the first station 151 to the second station 152;
  • the capability negotiation is performed with the second site 152, where the capability negotiation refers to the interaction between the first site and the second site, thereby determining Whether the first station 151 supports sending the indication information, whether the second station 152 supports receiving the indication information; or, before the first station sends the indication information to the second station, performing a capability indication with the second station to determine the Whether the first site supports the ability to indicate to the second site and determine whether the second site accepts the capability of the first site indication;
  • the obtaining, by the second station 152, the second transmission time period means that the second station 152 obtains the second after transmitting the response frame. Transmission time period;
  • the second station 152 obtaining the second transmission time period means that the second station 152 receives the specific radio frame or contains a specific Obtaining the second transmission time period after the radio frame of the field;
  • the second station 152 may send a radio frame indication to end the second transmission time period if the second transmission period is determined to be abandoned.
  • the frame may be a response frame or an acknowledgement frame, or may be a management frame carrying the abandonment information actively sent by the second station 152.
  • the fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a first site.
  • the first site includes: an indication information constructing module 161 and an information sending module 162.
  • the indication information construction module 161 is configured to, after obtaining the first transmission time period, constructing indication information for notifying the second station to obtain the second transmission time period;
  • the information sending module 162 is configured to send the indication information to the second station during the first transmission time period.
  • the obtained first transmission time period may be that the first station competes for access through the EDCA mechanism. a transmission opportunity obtained when the channel is obtained; or, the first station may be in a non-competitive manner, for example, when the first station is a non-access point site, the access point site may be the non-access point A transmission time pre-allocated by the site.
  • the indication information may be a specific radio frame sent by the first station to the second station; or may be a specific field carried in the radio frame sent by the first station to the second station;
  • the first site further includes a negotiation module 163, configured to perform capability negotiation with the second site to determine whether the first site supports sending the indication information, before sending the indication information to the second site, where Whether the second station supports receiving the indication information;
  • the indication information constructing module 161 constructs the indication information that informs the second station to obtain the second transmission time period, and includes: the indication information construction module 161 constructs a specific radio frame or a radio frame including a specific field.
  • the information sending module 162 may be implemented by a communication function chip inside the first site; in the actual application, the indication information constructing module 161 and the negotiating module 163 may be implemented by a central processing unit located at the first station ( CPU), microprocessor (MPU), digital signal processor (DSP), or field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation;
  • CPU central processing unit located at the first station
  • MPU microprocessor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a second site, as shown in FIG. 17, the second site includes: an indication information receiving module 171 and a transmission module 172;
  • the indication information receiving module 171 is configured to receive the indication information sent by the first station, where the indication information is used to notify the second station to obtain the second transmission time period, and the indication information is that the first station is in the first transmission time. Sent within the segment;
  • the transmission module 172 is configured to obtain a second transmission time period and perform radio frame transmission in the second transmission time period.
  • the indication information for acquiring the second transmission time period may be a specific radio frame, or may be a radio frame including a specific field;
  • the second station obtaining the second transmission time period means that the second station obtains the second transmission time after transmitting the response frame segment
  • the obtaining, by the second station, the second transmission time period means that the second station receives the specific radio frame or includes a specific field. Obtaining the second transmission time period directly after the radio frame;
  • the second site further includes: a time upper limit setting module 173; the time upper limit setting module 173 is configured to set a time upper limit value of the second transmission time period, for example, the time upper limit setting module 173
  • the transmission opportunity time upper limit value corresponding to the access category corresponding to the data that the transmission module 172 needs to transmit, for example, AC_BK, or AC_BE, or AC_VI or AC_VO, may be used as the upper time limit value of the second transmission time period;
  • the transmitting module 172 performs radio frame transmission in the second transmission time period, including: the transmission module 172 sends buffered data to other sites before the set upper transmission time period upper limit value arrives; That is, the transmission module 172 can transmit its own buffered data to any one or more sites within a time range of the second transmission time period, where one or more sites may or may not include the first site.
  • the indication information receiving module 171 and the transmission module 172 may be implemented by a communication function chip in the second station; in the actual application, the time upper limit setting module 173 may be located by the CPU and MPU located at the second site. , DSP, or FPGA implementation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, the storage medium comprising a set of computer executable instructions for performing the channel access method provided by any of the above embodiments of the present invention.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may employ computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disks) in one or more of the computer-usable program code embodied therein. A form of computer program product embodied on a memory and optical storage, etc.).
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种信道接入方法，第一站点获得第一传输时间段，并在第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，指示信息用于通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段；第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。本发明同时还公开了一种信道接入系统以及站点。

Description

一种信道接入方法、系统、站点及计算机可读存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信领域，具体涉及一种信道接入方法、系统、站点及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
当前，在无线网络领域，无线局域网(WLAN，Wireless Local Area Networks)快速发展，全球对WLAN覆盖需求日益增长。电气和电子工程师协会工业规范IEEE802.11工作组先后定义了802.11a、802.11b、802.11g、802.11n等一系列WLAN技术标准，主要制定物理层(PHY，Physical Layer)和媒体访问控制(MAC，Media Access Control)层规范。随后陆续出现了其他任务组，致力于发展涉及现有802.11技术改进的规范，例如，高效局域网(HEW，High Efficiency WLAN)任务组主要研究密集布网场景下如何使WLAN网络实现数据的更高效传输。
WLAN的基本架构指一个由站点(STA，Station)组成的基本服务集(BSS，Basic Service Set)，所述BSS包含一个接入点站点(AP，Access Point station)以及与AP相关联的多个非AP站点(non-AP Station)。802.11定义了两种基本的无线信道的接入方式：基于竞争的接入方式-分布式协调功能(DCF，Distributed Coordination Function)；以及基于调度的接入方式-点协调功能(PCF，Point Coordination Function)。在这两种基本接入方式的基础上，考虑业务流的服务质量(QoS，Quality of Service)需求，又提出了两种信道接入方式：增强型分布式协调访问功能(EDCA，Enhanced Distributed Channel Access)和混合协调功能控制信道访问功能(HCCA，Hybrid Coordination function Controlled channel Access)。
DCF是最基本的信道接入模式，利用带有冲突避免的载波侦听多路访问机制(CSMA/CA，CSMA with Collision Avoidance)使多个STA共享无线信道。EDCA是增强型信道接入模式，基于CSMA/CA机制，EDCA中定义了4种接入类别(AC，Access Categories)，分别为背景接入类别(AC_BK，AC Background)、尽力服务接入类别(AC_BE，AC Best Effort)、视频接入类别(AC_VI，AC Video)和语音接入类别(AC_VO，AC Voice)，每个AC定义了一组特定的参数，这些参数在统计上规定了各AC对信道接入的优先级别。EDCA竞争信道接入的过程为：当信道变为空闲状态后首先等待一个固定时长，称为仲裁帧间隔(AIFS，Arbitration Inter-Frame Space)，然后等待一个随机回退时段，之后获得一个传输机会(TXOP，Transmission Opportunity)。
在EDCA和HCCA方式下，STA通过信道接入过程获得一个TXOP，一个TXOP指的是STA可以传输特定通信类别的有界时段，一旦获得TXOP，该STA可以根据AC继续传输数据帧、或控制帧、或管理帧、或接收响应帧。前提条件是这些帧序列的时长不超过为该AC所设置的TXOP上限。在TXOP起始时刻，其他旁听STA的网络分配矢量(NAV，Network Allocation Vector)会被设置，在该时间内，旁听STA不会发送数据。另外，现有技术还允许STA使用无竞争终止(CF-End，Contention Free End)帧来截断所述TXOP，使得该TXOP提前结束。当前TXOP结束时，信道会再次开放，供所有STA竞争接入。
在HEW的典型场景中，STA分布非常密集，从而导致信道竞争激烈，每一个站点能获取到的传输机会随之减少，而传输机会的减少导致站点可能存在较多的缓冲数据待发。例如，HEW的典型业务应用为视频业务，通常下行数据要比上行数据多。虽然现有技术可以通过为AP配置高优先级的信道接入参数来提高AP接入信道的优先级，从而理论上能够增加AP获取TXOP的机会。但无论如何，AP仍然需要竞争信道，因此无法减小竞争开 销。
发明内容
为了解决现有存在的技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种信道接入方法、系统、站点及计算机可读存储介质。
本发明实施例提供了一种信道接入方法，所述方法包括：
第一站点获得第一传输时间段，并在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段；
所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
上述方案中，所述第一传输时间段为所述第一站点通过竞争接入信道获取到的传输机会，或者所述第一传输时间段为预分配给所述第一站点的一段传输时间。
上述方案中，所述指示信息是所述第一站点向第二站点发送的特定无线帧；或者，是携带在所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送的无线帧中的特定字段。
上述方案还包括：
当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在发送所述响应帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧不需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在接收到所述无线帧后获得所述第二传输时间段。
上述方案还包括：
所述第二站点在收到所述指示信息后，暂停正在执行的回退过程，并 进行数据帧传输；
所述第二站点在所述第二传输时间段结束后恢复所述暂停的回退过程。
上述方案中，所述第二传输时间段的时间上限取值由第二站点确定，所述由第二站点确定是指：将所述第二站点要发送的数据的接入类别对应的传输机会时间上限取值设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；或者，将第一传输时间段的剩余时长设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；
所述第二传输时间段的时间起点在第一传输时间段结束之前。
上述方案中，在所述第一站点向第二站点发送指示信息之前，该方法还包括：
所述第一站点与所述第二站点进行能力协商或能力指示。
上述方案中，所述指示信息还用于设置网络分配矢量；当被所述第一站点最近更新的其它站点接收到所述指示信息时，所述其它站点在特定时间后设置网络分配矢量。
上述方案还包括：所述第二站点收到指示信息后，如果决定放弃获得所述第二传输时间段，则向所述第一站点发送无线帧指示结束所述第二传输时间段；所述无线帧为响应帧、或确认帧、或携带放弃信息的管理帧。
本发明实施例提供了一种信道接入方法，所述方法包括：
第一站点获得第一传输时间段，在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段。
上述方案中，所述第一传输时间段为所述第一站点通过竞争接入信道获取到的传输机会，或者所述第一传输时间段为预分配给所述第一站点的一段传输时间。
上述方案中，所述指示信息是所述第一站点向第二站点发送的特定无线帧；或者，是携带在所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送的无线帧中的特定字段。
上述方案中，在所述第一站点向第二站点发送指示信息之前，还包括：
所述第一站点与所述第二站点进行能力协商或能力指示。
上述方案中，所述指示信息还用于设置网络分配矢量；当被所述第一站点最近更新的其它站点接收到所述指示信息时，所述其它站点在特定时间后设置网络分配矢量。
本发明实施例提供了一种信道接入方法，所述方法包括：
第二站点接收第一站点发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，且所述指示信息是所述第一站点在第一传输时间段内发送的；
所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
上述方案还包括：
当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在发送所述响应帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧不需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在接收到所述无线帧后获得所述第二传输时间段。
上述方案还包括：
所述第二站点在收到所述指示信息后，暂停正在执行的回退过程，并进行数据帧传输；
所述第二站点在所述第二传输时间段结束后恢复所述暂停的回退过程。
上述方案中，所述第二传输时间段的时间上限取值由第二站点确定，所述由第二站点确定是指：将所述第二站点要发送的数据的接入类别对应的传输机会时间上限取值设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；或者，将第一传输时间段的剩余时长设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；
所述第二传输时间段的时间起点在第一传输时间段结束之前。
上述方案还包括：所述第二站点收到指示信息后，如果决定放弃获得所述第二传输时间段，则向所述第一站点发送无线帧指示结束所述第二传输时间段；所述无线帧为响应帧、或确认帧、或携带放弃信息的管理帧。
本发明实施例提供了一种第一站点，所述第一站点包括：
指示信息构造模块，配置为在获得第一传输时间段后，构造用于通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段的指示信息；
信息发送模块，配置为在所述第一传输时间段内向所述第二站点发送所述指示信息。
本发明实施例提供了一种第二站点，所述第二站点包括：
指示信息接收模块，配置为接收第一站点发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，且所述指示信息是所述第一站点在第一传输时间段内发送的；
传输模块，配置为获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
本发明实施例提供了一种信道接入系统，所述系统包括：
第一站点，配置为获得第一传输时间段，并在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段；
第二站点，配置为获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质包括一组计算机可执行指令，所述指令用于执行本发明上述任一实施例提供的信道接入方法。
本发明实施例所提供的信道接入方法、系统、站点及计算机可读存储介质，第一站点获得第一传输时间段，通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段；第二站点在第二传输时间段内进行数据传输。如此，当任何一个第一站点 获得第一传输时间段后，都可以通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段，这样，第二站点的信道竞争能力将大大提高，从而提高第二站点的信道接入率。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法流程图一；
图2为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法流程图二；
图3为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法流程图三；
图4为本发明实施例提供的BSS基本拓扑图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图一；
图6为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图二；
图7为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图三；
图8为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图四；
图9为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图五；
图10为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图六；
图11为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图七；
图12为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图八；
图13为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图九；
图14为本发明实施例提供的信道接入方法的示例性流程图十；
图15为本发明实施例提供的信道接入系统基本结构图；
图16为本发明实施例提供的一种站点STA的基本结构图；
图17为本发明实施例提供的另一种STA的基本结构图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例中，第一站点获得第一传输时间段，并在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段；所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二 传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
下面通过附图及具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
实施例一
本发明实施例一提供了一种信道接入方法，如图1所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤101：第一站点获得第一传输时间段，在第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，指示信息用于通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段；
这里，第一站点获得的第一传输时间段可以是第一站点通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道时获得的一个传输机会；或者，也可以是第一站点通过非竞争方式获得的一段传输时间段，例如，当第一站点为非接入点站点时，可以由接入点站点为所述非接入点站点预分配的一段传输时间；
第二站点获得的第二传输时间段的结束时间可以超过第一传输时间段的结束时间；第二传输时间段的时间上限取值可以由第二站点根据要发送的数据的接入类别对应的传输机会时间上限取值进行设定；
当所述第一站点获得的第一传输时间段是第一站点通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道时获得的一个传输机会时，第一站点获得第一传输时间段包括：第一站点在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，再后延一个随机回退时段后，在进行一次帧交换后成功获取到一个第一传输时间段。
第一站点成功获取到第一传输时间段后，向第二站点发送指示信息，通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段；所述指示信息可以是所述第一站点向第二站点发送的特定无线帧；也可以是携带在所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送的无线帧中的特定字段；
所述第一站点通过特定无线帧通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段，是指第一站点通过特定帧格式的无线帧来通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段；也就是说，当第二站点接收到特定帧格式的无线帧时，则可以获得第二传输时间段；所述特定帧格式的无线帧可以包括：触发帧、或CF-End帧、或 数据帧等；
所述第一站点通过携带在无线帧中的特定字段通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段，是指第一站点通过携带在无线帧中的一个或多个比特来通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段。
当所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在发送所述响应帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
当所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧不需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在接收到所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧后获得所述第二传输时间段。
所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送指示信息之前，会与所述第二站点进行能力协商，所述能力协商是指第一站点与第二站点进行交互，从而确定第一站点是否支持发送指示信息，第二站点是否支持接收指示信息；或者，第一站点向所述第二站点发送指示信息之前，与所述第二站点进行能力指示，以确定所述第一站点是否支持向所述第二站点进行指示的能力，并确定第二站点是否接受第一站点指示的能力；
所述获得第二传输时间段的指示信息还用于设置网络分配矢量；当被所述第一站点最近更新的其它站点接收到所述指示信息时，所述其它站点在特定时间后设置网络分配矢量；
另外，所述第二站点收到所述获得第二传输时间段的指示信息后，如果决定放弃获得第二传输时间段，可以向第一站点发送指示结束所述传输时间段的无线帧，所述无线帧可以是响应帧或确认帧，也可以是所述第二站点主动发送的携带放弃信息的管理帧。
步骤102：第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输；
第二站点在收到指示信息后，暂停正在执行的回退过程，并进行数据 帧传输；
第二站点在第二传输时间段结束后恢复所述暂停的回退过程。
第二传输时间段的时间上限取值由第二站点根据需要进行设定；第二站点可以将其要发送的数据的接入类别对应的传输机会时间上限取值设定为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；或者，也可以将第一传输时间段的剩余时长设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；这里的第一传输时间段的剩余时长是指第一站点在第一传输时间段内完成数据发送时，距离第一传输时间段结束的时间。
这里，所述第二站点获得的第二传输时间段的时间起点在第一传输时间段结束之前，所述时间起点可以是从第一站点在第一传输时间段内数据传输完毕的时间点开始；所述第二站点在设定的第二传输时间段时间上限值到达之前，发送缓冲数据到相应的站点；也就是说，所述第二站点可以在设定的第二传输时间段的时间范围内，将自身缓冲数据发送到其他任何一个或多个站点，这里的一个或多个站点可以包括或不包括第一站点。
可以看出，通过这种方式能够大大减小第二站点竞争信道的开销，这是因为：任何一个第一站点获得第一传输机会之后都可以通知第二站点获得第二传输机会，这样，可以大大增加第二站点的信道接入率；第一站点获得第一传输时间段后，直接通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段后，从第一站点在第一传输时间段内的数据传输结束时刻开始，在第二传输时间段内占用信道来执行数据通信；第二传输时间段的时间长度由所述第二站点根据某个AC对应的传输时间上限决定，因此，第二传输时间段的结束时刻并没有任何限制，可以与第一传输时间段的结束时刻相同、也可以在第一传输时间段的结束时刻之前或者之后；
需要说明的是，所述第一站点在第一传输时间段内可以传输数据也可以不传输数据；不传输数据的情况，相当于第一站点只是在EDCA竞争信 道接入过程中利用自身能力为第二站点竞争到一个传输时间段；或者直接将为自身预分配的传输时间段转交给需要发送数据的第二站点；传输数据的情况下，相当于第一站点利用自身能力同时为自身和其它第二站点各竞争到了一个一段数据传输时间；或者将自身获得的传输时间段与第二站点公用。这样，第二站点获得的第二传输机会可以看成是对第一站点获得的第一传输时间段的一种继承，并且在继承之后，可以根据需要对第二传输时间段的时间长短进行设置。
实施例二
本发明实施例二提供了另一种信道接入方法，如图2所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤201：第一站点获得第一传输时间段；
步骤202：第一站点在第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段。
这里，第一站点获得的第一传输时间段可以是第一站点通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道时获得的一个传输机会；或者，也可以是第一站点通过非竞争方式，例如，当第一站点为非接入点站点时，可以由接入点站点为所述非接入点站点预分配的一段传输时间；
当所述第一站点获得的第一传输时间段是第一站点通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道时获得的一个传输机会时，所述第一站点站点获得第一传输时间段包括：第一站点在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，再后延一个随机回退时段后，在进行一次帧交换后成功获取到第一传输时间段；
第一站点成功获取到第一传输时间段后，向第二站点发送指示信息，通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段；所述指示信息可以是所述第一站点向第二站点发送的特定无线帧；也可以是携带在所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送的无线帧中的特定字段；
所述第一站点通过特定无线帧通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段，是指第一站点通过特定帧格式的无线帧来通知第二站点获得一个传输时间段；也就是说，当第二站点接收到特定帧格式的无线帧时，则可以获得第二传输时间段；所述特定帧格式的无线帧可以包括：触发帧、或CF-End帧、或数据帧等；
所述第一站点通过携带在无线帧中的特定字段通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段，是指第一站点通过携带在无线帧中的一个或多个比特来通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段；
所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送指示信息之前，会与所述第二站点进行能力协商，所述能力协商是指第一站点与第二站点进行交互，从而确定第一站点是否支持发送指示信息，第二站点是否支持接收指示信息；或者，第一站点向所述第二站点发送指示信息之前，与所述第二站点进行能力指示，以确定所述第一站点是否支持向所述第二站点进行指示的能力，并确定第二站点是否接受第一站点指示的能力。
所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送获得第二传输时间段的通知消息后，如果接收到指示结束所述第二传输时间段的无线帧，则确定所述第二站点放弃获得第二传输时间段；所述无线帧可以是响应帧、或确认帧，也可以是所述第二站点主动发送的携带放弃信息的管理帧。
实施例三
本发明实施例三提供了又一种信道接入方法，如图3所示，所述方法包括以下步骤：
步骤301：第二站点接收第一站点发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，且所述指示信息是第一站点在第一传输时间段内发送的；
步骤302：第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内 进行无线帧传输。
所述第二站点接收到的获取第二传输时间段的指示信息可以是具有特定帧格式的无线帧，也可以是包含特定字段的无线帧；
当所述第二站点接收到第一站点发送的具有特定帧格式的无线帧；或者，当所述第二站点接收到第一站点发送的包含特定字段的无线帧，第二站点可以获得第二传输时间段；所述具有特定帧格式的无线帧可以包括：触发帧、或CF-End帧、或数据帧等；
所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段之后，可以根据需要对第二传输时间段的时间上限值进行设定；第二站点可以根据其要发送的数据的接入类别对应的传输机会时间上限值对第二传输时间段的时间上限值进行设定；可以将相应接入类别，如AC_BK、或AC_BE、或AC_VI或AC_VO的时间上限值作为第二传输时间段的时间上限值；或者，也可以将第一传输时间段的剩余时长设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；这里的第一传输时间段的剩余时长是指第一站点在第一传输时间段内完成数据发送时，距离第一传输时间段结束的时间。
其中，所述第二站点收到所述指示信息后，确定放弃获得第二传输时间段时，可以向第一站点发送指示结束所述第二传输时间段的无线帧，所述无线帧可以是响应帧或确认帧，也可以是所述第二站点主动发送的携带放弃信息的管理帧。
之后，所述第二站点可以根据需要，在设定的第二传输时间段时间上限值到达之前，发送缓冲数据到与其它站点；也就是说，所述第二站点可以在第二传输时间段的时间范围内，将自身缓冲数据发送到其它任何一个或多个站点，这里的一个或多个站点可以包括或不包括第一站点；这里，所述第二站点获得的第二传输时间段的时间起点在第一传输时间段结束之前，所述时间起点可以是从第一站点在第一传输时间段内数据传输完毕的时间点开始。
图4为BSS的示例性基本拓扑图，图中示出了在密集场景下的无线通信系统中的一个BSS，所述BSS中包括一个AP(即图4中所示的AP1)以及多个非接入点站点STA1、STA2、STA3以及STA4，其中，STA2和STA3为STA1的旁听站点，即STA2和STA3可以监听到来自STA1的数据；STA4不是STA1的旁听站点，因此，监听不到来自STA1的数据；STA1、STA2、STA3以及STA4均可以接收来自AP1的数据。
下面以图4中的BSS为例，通过以下具体示例对本发明至少一个实施例提供的信道接入方法进行详细介绍。
示例一
图5为本发明示例一提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图5所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并向AP1发送RTS，在成功收到AP1回复的CTS后成功获取到第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。STA1的旁听站点STA2和STA3在监听到RTS时设置自己的NAV为NAV1，在监听到AP1发送的CTS后设置自己的NAV为NAV3。STA4监听到AP1发给STA1的CTS时设置自己的NAV为NAV4。
STA1向AP1发送一个触发帧，该触发帧的响应策略(Ack Policy)域设置为无响应，AP1接收到该触发帧即获取到一个新的第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_BK(可以与STA1获得T1的接入类别相同或不同)的TXOP limit作为新的传输时间段的时间上限，AP1在经过短帧间隔(SIFS，Short Interframe Space)的时间后开始一个新的传输时间段T2。
另外，STA1在向AP1发送该触发帧之前，通过在无线帧的能力域中设置支持发送该触发帧能力的指示；AP1在管理帧(信标帧和或关联帧)中广播自己支持接受站点触发的能力。
STA1将触发帧中的TXOP power save域设置为1，指示自己将进入节能模式，AP1在收到该触发帧后不再给STA1发送数据。
STA2和STA3在收到该触发帧后Δt1＝SIFS时间重置自己的NAV，并且在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV2。STA4在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV5。
AP1在新的传输时间段内同时向STA2、STA3和STA4进行下行多用户(MU，Multi-User)传输，AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例二
图6为本发明示例二提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图6所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到一个传输机会第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。旁听站点STA2和STA3在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1向AP1发送一个触发帧，该触发帧的响应策略(Ack Policy)域设置为无响应，AP1接收到该触发帧即获取到一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_VO(可以与STA1获得T1的接入类别相同或不同)的TXOP limit作为新的传输时间段的时间上限，AP1在经过SIFS时间后开始一个新的传输时间段T2。
另外，STA1在向AP1发送该触发帧之前，向AP1发送无线帧指示支持发送该触发帧的能力；AP1在收到该无线帧后，响应一个无线帧以指示自己支持接受站点触发的能力。STA2和STA3在收到该触发帧后Δt1＝0时间重置自己的NAV，并且在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV2；STA4在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV3。
AP1在T2内同时向STA1、STA2和STA3进行下行正交频分多址(OFDMA，Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)传输，AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例三
图7为本发明示例三提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图7所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到一个第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。旁听站点STA2和STA3在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1在发送自己的数据并获取到响应帧ACK之后，向AP1发送一个触发帧，该触发帧的Ack Policy域设置为普通响应ACK，AP1接收到该触发帧后回复一个ACK。AP1在回复ACK后即获得一个第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_BE的TXOP limit作为新的传输时间段的时间上限。AP1在回复ACK后的SIFS间隔后开始一个传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2。
STA2和STA3在接收到触发帧后的特定时间Δt1＝SIFS+ACK时长重置自己的NAV，并且在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV2。
AP1在T2内同时向STA2、STA3和STA4进行MU传输，AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例四
图8为本发明示例四提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图8所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到一个第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据帧。旁听站点STA2和STA3在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1在向AP1发送的数据帧中的比特位TriggerNewTxop置1，指示触发AP1获取一个新的传输时间段，该数据帧的Ack Policy域设置为普通响应ACK，AP1在接收到该数据帧后，回复一个ACK。AP1在回复ACK后即获得一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_BE的TXOP  limit作为新的传输时间段T2的时间上限。AP1在回复ACK后的SIFS间隔后开始一个新的传输时间段T2。
STA2和STA3在接收到触发帧后的特定时间Δt1＝2×SIFS+ACK时长时刻重置自己的NAV，并且在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV2。
AP1在T2内同时向STA1、STA2和STA3进行MU传输，AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例五
图9为本发明示例五提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图9所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到一个第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据帧，旁听站点STA2和STA3在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1向AP1发送的数据帧中的比特位TriggerNewTxop置1，指示触发AP1获取一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，该数据帧的Ack Policy域设置为普通响应ACK。STA2和STA3成功收到该数据帧，并在收到该数据帧后的特定时间Δt1＝SIFS+ACK时长的时刻重置自己的NAV。
而STA1在发送该数据帧后的SIFS间隔内没有收到来自AP1的响应帧ACK，则STA1在点协调功能帧间隔(PIFS，Point coordination function Interframe Space)后重传该数据帧。STA2和STA3成功接收到该重传帧，并在收到该重传帧后的特定时间Δt1＝SIFS+ACK时长的时刻重置自己的NAV。
AP1成功接收到该重传帧，回复一个ACK，AP1在回复ACK后即获得一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_VI的TXOP limit作为新的传输时间段T2的时间上限。AP1在回复ACK后的SIFS间隔后开始一个传输时间段T2。
STA2和STA3在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV2。
AP1在T2内同时向STA1、STA2和STA3进行以间隔SIFS的下行数据传输，其中，数据1是发送给STA1的数据；数据2是发送给STA2的数据；AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例六
图10为本发明示例六提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图10所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到一个第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。旁听站点STA2和STA3在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1向AP1发送一个触发帧，该触发帧的Ack Policy域设置为无响应，AP1接收到该触发帧即获取到一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_BK的TXOP limit作为新的传输时间段T2的时间上限，AP1在经过SIFS时间后开始一个新的传输时间段T2。
STA2和STA3在收到该触发帧后Δt1＝SIFS时间重置自己的NAV，并且在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV2。
AP1在T2内向STA2发送下行数据，AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例七
图11为本发明示例七提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图11所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。旁听站点STA2在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1向AP1发送一个触发帧，该触发帧的Ack Policy域设置为普通响应，AP1接收到该触发帧后回复一个ACK，并在ACK中指示自己放弃获 得新的传输时间段，STA1收到该ACK后，发送CF-END重置旁听站点STA2和STA3的NAV。
示例八
图12为本发明示例八提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图12所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。旁听站点STA2在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1在发送自己的数据并获取到响应帧ACK之后，向AP1发送一个CF-End帧作为触发帧，该CF-End中包括一个域用于指示AP1可以获取一个新的传输时间段。STA2和STA3收到该CF-End会重置自己的NAV；
AP1收到来自STA1的CF-End后不回复或隔SIFS间隔回复相同的CF-End，表示自己放弃获得新的传输时间段，同时重置自身周围的站点的NAV。
示例九
图13为本发明示例九提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图13所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到第一传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。旁听站点STA2和STA3在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
STA1在发送自己的数据并获取到响应帧ACK之后，向AP1发送一个CF-End帧作为触发帧，该帧携带触发指示，指示AP1可以获取一个新的传输时间段。STA2和STA3收到该CF-End会重置自己的NAV。
AP1收到来自STA1的CF-End后的SIFS间隔后向STA3发送一个数据，并获取到一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，以AC_VO的TXOP limit作为T2的时间上限。
STA2、STA3和STA4在收到T2内首帧时设置自己NAV为NAV2。
AP1在T2向STA4发送下行数据，AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例十
图14为本发明示例十提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图14所示，AP1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，AP1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并成功获取到第一传输时间段T1，AP1开始发送数据。旁听站点STA2在收到T1内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV1。
AP1向STA1发送一个触发帧，该触发帧的Ack Policy域设置为无响应，STA1接收到该触发帧即获取到一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_BK的TXOP limit作为T2的时间上限，STA1在SIFS时间后开始一个新的传输时间段T2。
STA2在收到该触发帧后Δt1＝SIFS时间重置自己的NAV，并且在收到T2内首帧时设置自己NAV为NAV2。
STA1在T2内同时向AP进行上行传输，STA1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。
示例十一
图5也为本发明示例十一提供的一种信道接入方法的操作时序示意图，如图5所示，STA1通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道，STA1在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，然后后延一个随机回退时段，并向AP1发送RTS，在成功收到来自AP1回复的CTS后成功获取到一个传输时间段T1，STA1开始发送数据。STA1的旁听站点STA2和STA3在监听到RTS时设置自己的NAV为NAV1，在监听到AP1发送的CTS后设置自己的NAV为NAV3。STA4监听到AP1发给STA1的CTS时设置自己的NAV为NAV4。
STA1向AP1发送一个触发帧，该触发帧的Ack Policy域设置为无响应， AP1接收到该触发帧即获取到一个新的传输时间段、即第二传输时间段T2，并以AC_BK的TXOP limit作为新的传输时间段T2的时间上限，AP1在SIFS时间后开始一个新的传输时间段T2。
STA2和STA3在收到该触发帧后Δt1＝SIFS时间重置自己的NAV，并且在收到T2内首帧时设置自己NAV为NAV2。STA4在收到T2内首帧时设置自己的NAV为NAV5。
AP1在新的传输时间段T2内同时向STA2、STA3和STA4进行下行MU传输，AP1在T2内所发送的数据可以是任意AC队列中的数据。另外，AP1不得再次向其他站点发送指示信息，触发其他站点再次获取一个新的传输时间段。
示例十二
在带静音抑制的网络电话(VoIP，Voice over Internet Protocol)应用中，AP给站点STA1的VoIP业务预分配周期资源，包括激活期和静默期。例如AP给STA1预分配一个第一传输时间段为T1，但ST1A可能无数据要发，进入静默期，此时STA可以向AP发送一个触发帧，或将最后发送的数据帧中的more data域设置为0，以通知AP获取第二传输时间段T2，AP在接收到该触发帧后，将T1的剩余时间作为T2的时间上限值，并T2时间内进行下行数据传输。
实施例四
本发明四提供了一种信道接入系统，图15为所述信道接入系统的基本结构图，如图15所示，所述系统包括：第一站点151和第二站点152；其中，
所述第一站点151，配置为获得第一传输时间段后，在第一传输时间段内向第二站点152发送指示信息，指示信息用于通知第二站点152获得第二传输时间段；
所述第二站点152，配置为获得第二传输时间段，并在第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
第一站点151获得的第一传输时间段可以是第一站点151通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道时获得的一个传输机会；或者，也可以是第一站点151通过非竞争方式获得的一段传输时间段，例如当第一站点151为非接入点站点时，可以由接入点站点为所述非接入点站点预分配的一段传输时间；
第二站点152获得的第二传输时间段的结束时间可以超过第一传输时间段的结束时间；
第二传输时间段的时间上限取值可以由第二站点152根据其需要发送的数据对应的接入类别的传输机会时间上限取值进行设定；所述第二传输时间段的时间上限值可以与相应接入类别的传输时间上限取值相同；或者，也可以将第一传输时间段的剩余时长设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；这里的第一传输时间段的剩余时长是指第一站点在第一传输时间段内完成数据发送时，距离第一传输时间段结束的时间。
当所述第一站点151获得的第一传输时间段是第一站点151通过EDCA机制竞争接入信道时获得的一个传输机会时，所述第一站点151获得第一传输时间段包括：第一站点151在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，再后延一个随机回退时段后，在进行一次帧交换后成功获取到一个传输机会；或者，
第一站点151在检测到媒体空闲后，先后延一个AIFS，再后延一个随机回退时段，并向所述第二站点152发送请求发送RTS信号，在成功收到来自所述第二站点152回复的允许发送CTS信号后成功获取到一个传输机会。
第一站点151成功获取到第一传输时间段后，向第二站点152发送指示信息，通知第二站点152获得第二传输时间段；所述指示信息可以是所述第一站点151向第二站点152发送的特定无线帧；也可以是携带在所述 第一站点151向所述第二站点152发送的无线帧中的特定字段；
所述第一站点151向所述第二站点152发送所述指示信息之前，会与所述第二站点152进行能力协商，所述能力协商是指第一站点与第二站点进行交互，从而确定第一站点151是否支持发送指示信息，第二站点152是否支持接收指示信息；或者，第一站点向所述第二站点发送指示信息之前，与所述第二站点进行能力指示，以确定所述第一站点是否支持向所述第二站点进行指示的能力，并确定第二站点是否接受第一站点指示的能力；
当所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧需要响应帧时，所述第二站点152获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点152在发送所述响应帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
当所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧不需要响应帧时，所述第二站点152获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点152在接收到所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
另外，所述第二站点152收到所述获得第二传输时间段的指示信息后，如果确定放弃获得第二传输时间段，可以发送无线帧指示结束所述第二传输时间段，所述无线帧可以是响应帧或确认帧，也可以是所述第二站点152主动发送的携带放弃信息的管理帧。
实施例五
本发明实施例五提供了一种第一站点，如图16所示，所述第一站点包括：指示信息构造模块161以及信息发送模块162；其中，
指示信息构造模块161，配置为在获得第一传输时间段后，构造用于通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段的指示信息；
信息发送模块162，配置为在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送所述指示信息。
所述获得的第一传输时间段可以是第一站点通过EDCA机制竞争接入 信道时获得的传输机会；或者，也可以是所述第一站点通过非竞争方式，例如当所述第一站点为非接入点站点时，可以由接入点站点为所述非接入点站点预分配的一段传输时间。
所述指示信息可以是所述第一站点向第二站点发送的特定无线帧；也可以是携带在所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送的无线帧中的特定字段；
其中，所述第一站点还包括协商模块163，配置为在向所述第二站点发送所述指示信息之前，与第二站点进行能力协商，确定第一站点是否支持发送所述指示信息，第二站点是否支持接收所述指示信息；
所述指示信息构造模块161构造通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段的指示信息，包括：所述指示信息构造模块161构造特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧。
在具体实施过程中，上述信息发送模块162可以由第一站点内部的通信功能芯片来实现；所述指示信息构造模块161和协商模块163在实际应用中，可由位于第一站点的中央处理器(CPU)、微处理器(MPU)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、或现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现；
实施例六
本发明实施例六提供了一种第二站点，如图17所示，所述第二站点包括：指示信息接收模块171以及传输模块172；其中，
指示信息接收模块171，配置为接收第一站点发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段，且所述指示信息是所述第一站点在第一传输时间段内发送的；
传输模块172，配置为获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
所述获取第二传输时间段的指示信息可以是特定无线帧，也可以是包含特定字段的无线帧；
当所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在发送所述响应帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
当所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧不需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在接收到所述特定无线帧或包含特定字段的无线帧后直接获得所述第二传输时间段；
其中，所述第二站点还包括：时间上限设置模块173；所述时间上限设置模块173，配置为对第二传输时间段的时间上限值进行设定，例如：所述时间上限设置模块173可以将传输模块172需要传输的数据所对应的接入类别，例如，AC_BK、或AC_BE、或AC_VI或AC_VO的传输机会时间上限值作为第二传输时间段的时间上限值；
所述传输模块172在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输，包括：所述传输模块172在设定的第二传输时间段时间上限值到达之前，发送缓冲数据到其它站点；也就是说，所述传输模块172可以在第二传输时间段的时间范围内，将自身缓冲数据发送到任何一个或多个站点，这里的一个或多个站点可以包括或不包括第一站点。
在具体实施过程中，上述指示信息接收模块171和传输模块172可以由第二站点内部的通信功能芯片来实现；所述时间上限设置模块173在实际应用中，可由位于第二站点的CPU、MPU、DSP、或FPGA实现。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质包括一组计算机可执行指令，所述指令用于执行本发明上述任一实施例提供的信道接入方法。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用硬件实施例、软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘 存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种信道接入方法，所述方法包括：
    第一站点获得第一传输时间段，并在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段；
    所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一传输时间段为所述第一站点通过竞争接入信道获取到的传输机会，或者所述第一传输时间段为预分配给所述第一站点的一段传输时间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述指示信息是所述第一站点向第二站点发送的特定无线帧；或者，是携带在所述第一站点向所述第二站点发送的无线帧中的特定字段。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，该方法还包括：
    当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在发送所述响应帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
    当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧不需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在接收到所述无线帧后获得所述第二传输时间段。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4其中任一项所述的方法，其中，该方法还包括：
    所述第二站点在收到所述指示信息后，暂停正在执行的回退过程，并进行数据帧传输；
    所述第二站点在所述第二传输时间段结束后恢复所述暂停的回退过 程。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4其中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第二传输时间段的时间上限取值由第二站点确定，所述由第二站点确定是指：将所述第二站点要发送的数据的接入类别对应的传输机会时间上限取值设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；或者，将第一传输时间段的剩余时长设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；
    所述第二传输时间段的时间起点在第一传输时间段结束之前。
  7. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其中，在所述第一站点向第二站点发送指示信息之前，该方法还包括：
    所述第一站点与所述第二站点进行能力协商或能力指示。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述指示信息还用于设置网络分配矢量；当被所述第一站点最近更新的其它站点接收到所述指示信息时，所述其它站点在特定时间后设置网络分配矢量。
  9. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其中，该方法还包括：所述第二站点收到指示信息后，如果决定放弃获得所述第二传输时间段，则向所述第一站点发送无线帧指示结束所述第二传输时间段；所述无线帧为响应帧、或确认帧、或携带放弃信息的管理帧。
  10. 一种信道接入方法，所述方法包括：
    第一站点获得第一传输时间段，在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述第一传输时间段为所述第一站点通过竞争接入信道获取到的传输机会，或者所述第一传输时间段为预分配给所述第一站点的一段传输时间。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述指示信息是所述第一站点向第二站点发送的特定无线帧；或者，是携带在所述第一站点向所 述第二站点发送的无线帧中的特定字段。
  13. 根据权利要求10、11或12所述的方法，其中，在所述第一站点向第二站点发送指示信息之前，该方法还包括：
    所述第一站点与所述第二站点进行能力协商或能力指示。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述指示信息还用于设置网络分配矢量；当被所述第一站点最近更新的其它站点接收到所述指示信息时，所述其它站点在特定时间后设置网络分配矢量。
  15. 一种信道接入方法，所述方法包括：
    第二站点接收第一站点发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，且所述指示信息是所述第一站点在第一传输时间段内发送的；
    所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，该方法还包括：
    当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在发送所述响应帧后获得所述第二传输时间段；
    当所述特定无线帧或携带特定字段的无线帧不需要响应帧时，所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段是指所述第二站点在接收到所述无线帧后获得所述第二传输时间段。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其中，该方法还包括：
    所述第二站点在收到所述指示信息后，暂停正在执行的回退过程，并进行数据帧传输；
    所述第二站点在所述第二传输时间段结束后恢复所述暂停的回退过程。
  18. 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其中，所述第二传输时间 段的时间上限取值由第二站点确定，所述由第二站点确定是指：将所述第二站点要发送的数据的接入类别对应的传输机会时间上限取值设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；或者，将第一传输时间段的剩余时长设置为第二传输时间段的时间上限取值；
    所述第二传输时间段的时间起点在第一传输时间段结束之前。
  19. 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其中，该方法还包括：所述第二站点收到指示信息后，如果决定放弃获得所述第二传输时间段，则向所述第一站点发送无线帧指示结束所述第二传输时间段；所述无线帧为响应帧、或确认帧、或携带放弃信息的管理帧。
  20. 一种第一站点，所述第一站点包括：
    指示信息构造模块，配置为在获得第一传输时间段后，构造用于通知第二站点获得第二传输时间段的指示信息；
    信息发送模块，配置为在所述第一传输时间段内向所述第二站点发送所述指示信息。
  21. 一种第二站点，所述第二站点包括：
    指示信息接收模块，配置为接收第一站点发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段，且所述指示信息是所述第一站点在第一传输时间段内发送的；
    传输模块，配置为获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
  22. 一种信道接入系统，所述系统包括：
    第一站点，配置为获得第一传输时间段，并在所述第一传输时间段内向第二站点发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于通知所述第二站点获得第二传输时间段；
    第二站点，配置为获得第二传输时间段，并在所述第二传输时间段内进行无线帧传输。
  23. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质包括一组计算机可执行指令，所述指令用于执行权利要求1-9任一项所述的信道接入方法。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质包括一组计算机可执行指令，所述指令用于执行权利要求10-14任一项所述的信道接入方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述存储介质包括一组计算机可执行指令，所述指令用于执行权利要求15-19任一项所述的信道接入方法。
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