WO2015159785A1 - Power supply system - Google Patents

Power supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015159785A1
WO2015159785A1 PCT/JP2015/061050 JP2015061050W WO2015159785A1 WO 2015159785 A1 WO2015159785 A1 WO 2015159785A1 JP 2015061050 W JP2015061050 W JP 2015061050W WO 2015159785 A1 WO2015159785 A1 WO 2015159785A1
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Prior art keywords
power supply
output current
unit
units
output
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PCT/JP2015/061050
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鵜野良之
Original Assignee
株式会社村田製作所
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Application filed by 株式会社村田製作所 filed Critical 株式会社村田製作所
Priority to DE112015001799.2T priority Critical patent/DE112015001799T5/en
Priority to CN201580014530.4A priority patent/CN106104412B/en
Priority to JP2016513741A priority patent/JP6202196B2/en
Publication of WO2015159785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015159785A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1566—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with means for compensating against rapid load changes, e.g. with auxiliary current source, with dual mode control or with inductance variation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply system that includes a plurality of power supply devices and that has an input unit and an output unit connected in parallel.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a power supply system configured by connecting a master module and a plurality of slave modules in parallel.
  • the master module monitors the load current obtained by summing up the output currents of the modules, and determines the optimum number of modules to be operated according to the load current.
  • the master module drives the determined number of slave modules.
  • JP 2000-102164 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-124228
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system that can suppress each module from being driven quickly and used in an overcurrent state even when the load current increases rapidly when the number of operating units is decreased. It is to provide.
  • the present invention includes a plurality of power supply devices having a converter unit that performs power conversion, and an input unit and an output unit of the plurality of power supply devices are respectively connected in parallel, the plurality of power supply devices communicate with each other, and the plurality of power supply devices
  • the other power supply device detects an output current, and the detection result is transmitted to the master module.
  • An output current detection output unit that outputs to a power supply device set to, and the power supply device set to the master module includes an output current detection unit that detects an output current, and an output current detected by the output current detection unit.
  • a drive control unit that drives all the other power supply devices when a threshold value is exceeded, and the output current detection when all the other power supply devices are driven
  • the output unit detected by the other power supply unit and the output current detection result output from the other power supply unit are added to calculate a total output current, and the power supply unit to be driven based on the calculation result by the calculation unit
  • a number-of-units determining unit that determines the number of the other power supply devices based on the number of units determined by the number-of-units determining unit when all the other power supply units are driven Any one of the above is stopped.
  • the threshold value is equal to or greater than an output current value detected by the output current detection unit when one or more of the power supply devices are stopped.
  • the power supply system can be stably operated without interfering with the number switching operation for the steady state and the all power source starting operation for the sudden increase in load.
  • the plurality of power supply devices include an overcurrent protection circuit, and the threshold value is less than an overcurrent protection point of the overcurrent protection circuit.
  • the operation of the overcurrent protection can be prevented beforehand by driving all other power supply devices before the overcurrent protection point is exceeded and sharing the output current with each power supply device.
  • Circuit diagram of power supply system A block diagram of the controller function that operates as a master
  • a graph of FIG. Diagram for explaining the timing to drive all units when the load suddenly increases Flow chart showing processing executed by unit controller
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power supply system according to the present embodiment.
  • the power supply system 201 includes a plurality of power supply unit units (hereinafter simply “units”) 100A, 100B..., And their input units and output units are connected in parallel. In FIG. 1, the third and subsequent units are not shown.
  • Each of the units 100A, 100B,... Has basically the same configuration, but in this example, the unit 100A operates as a master and the other units 100B and the like operate as slaves.
  • the unit 100A includes a converter unit 1, a switching control circuit 2, a controller 10A, an output voltage detection circuit 3, an output current detection circuit 5, and a droop generation circuit 6.
  • the converter unit 1 includes a switch element Q1, a diode D1, an inductor L1, and a capacitor C1, and constitutes a non-insulated step-down converter circuit.
  • the switching control circuit 2 includes a PWM control circuit including an error amplifier, a PWM comparator, a triangular wave generation circuit, and the like.
  • the output voltage detection circuit 3 is a voltage dividing circuit using resistors R0 and R1.
  • the switching control circuit 2 generates a PWM modulation signal whose on-duty is changed in accordance with the voltage value input from the output voltage detection circuit 3, and supplies the PWM modulation signal to the switch element Q1.
  • the switch element Q1 is controlled by this PWM modulated signal.
  • An exciting current flows through the inductor L1 during the ON period of the switch element Q1, and a return current flows through the diode D1 during the OFF period.
  • the output current detection circuit 5 detects the output current Io of the unit 100A and outputs the detection result to the controller 10A.
  • the controller 10A When the output current Io detected by the output current detection circuit 5 exceeds a threshold value (overcurrent protection point), the controller 10A outputs a signal to the switching control circuit 2 so that the overcurrent does not flow. Switching control of the switch element Q1 is performed. For example, the switching control circuit 2 turns off the switch element Q1 or shortens the on-duty.
  • the switch element Q1, the switching control circuit 2, the output current detection circuit 5, the controller 10A, and the like correspond to the overcurrent protection circuit according to the present invention.
  • the droop generation circuit 6 generates a droop correction value for providing a voltage-current characteristic that decreases the output voltage as the output current Io increases, that is, a droop characteristic.
  • the droop correction value increases as the output current Io increases and is added to the output voltage of the output voltage detection circuit 3.
  • the output voltage decreases as the output current Io increases. Since each unit 100A, 100B... Has a droop characteristic, each unit 100A, 100B... Outputs an equal output current to each other, so that a plurality of units 100A, 100B. In some cases, appropriate load sharing can be realized.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the functions of the controller 10A operating as a master.
  • the communication unit 11 communicates with other units (100B, etc.) via the serial bus 4.
  • the output current acquisition unit 12 receives a voltage signal representing the magnitude of the output current Io from the output current detection circuit 5 and converts it into digital data.
  • the drive control unit 13 drives all the units (100B, etc.) via the communication unit 11.
  • the threshold value used in the drive control unit 13 is equal to or greater than the value of the output current detected when at least one of the plurality of units 100B... Is in a stopped state, and is used in the overcurrent protection unit 16. Is less than the threshold value (overcurrent protection point).
  • the addition unit 14 adds the output current Io of the unit 100A acquired by the output current acquisition unit 12 and the output current of another unit (100B or the like) in the operating state acquired via the communication unit 11. By this addition, the output current of the entire power supply system 201 is obtained.
  • the number determination unit 15 determines the number of units to be operated from the output current of the power supply system 201 obtained by the addition unit 14 adding.
  • the drive control part 13 drives or stops each unit (100B etc.) according to the determination.
  • the overcurrent protection unit 16 determines whether the output current Io of the unit 100A acquired by the output current acquisition unit 12 exceeds a threshold value (overcurrent protection point).
  • the switch control unit 17 outputs a signal to the switching control circuit 2 when the overcurrent protection unit 16 determines that the output current Io exceeds the threshold value.
  • the switching control circuit 2 to which this signal is input turns off the switch element Q1 or shortens the on-duty so as not to be in an overcurrent state. When the entire power supply system 201 is turned off, the switch element Q1 is turned off and the converter unit 1 is stopped.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the function of the controller 10B operating as a slave.
  • the controller 10B does not include the drive control unit 13, the addition unit 14, and the number determination unit 15 of the controller 10A, but includes the communication unit 11, the overcurrent protection unit 16, and the switch control unit 17.
  • the controller 10B converts the information of the output current Io of the unit 100B detected by the output current detection circuit 5 into digital data in the output current acquisition unit 12, and outputs the digital data from the communication unit 11 to the controller 10A operating as a master. Further, the controller 10B drives or stops the converter unit 1 in accordance with a drive or stop command by communication from the controller 10A operating as a master.
  • the unit 100A operating as a master drives or stops other units (such as 100B) operating as slaves.
  • the control will be described.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the efficiency characteristics of the power supply unit with respect to the load.
  • the horizontal axis represents the output current [A] of one unit (100A, etc.), and the vertical axis represents the efficiency (%).
  • the maximum output of the unit is 100A.
  • it is designed so that the efficiency is highest when the output current is around 50A. Therefore, when a plurality of units 100A, 100B,... Are operated in parallel, high efficiency can be maintained by switching the number of operating units so that the output per unit is around 50A (40A to 70A). .
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the efficiency of the power supply system 201 when the number of operating units is increased in accordance with the increasing load current.
  • FIG. 5 also shows the efficiency when the number of operating units is five regardless of the load current for comparison.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph of FIG. The horizontal axis in FIG. 6 represents the output current of the power supply system 201, that is, the total output current of the units 100A, 100B,.
  • the power supply system 201 can maintain high efficiency by setting the number of operating units so that the output current of each unit is around 50 A (for example, 40 A to 70 A). Regardless of the load current, the unit 100A operating as a master is always in an operating state.
  • the number determining unit 15 determines the number of operating units as one. In this case, only the unit 100A operating as the master is driven, and the other units (100B and the like) are stopped. As shown in FIG. 6, when only one unit (100A) is operated, the efficiency per unit is high as compared with the case where five units are operated without changing the number of units.
  • the number determining unit 15 determines the number of operating units to be three. In this case, the load current per unit is 60A. At this time, three units including the unit 100A are operated. As shown in FIG. 6, when three units are operated, the efficiency per unit is higher than when five units are operated without changing the number of units.
  • the number determining unit 15 determines the number of operating units to be five. In this case, the load current per unit is 52A. At this time, five units including the unit 100A operate.
  • high efficiency can be maintained by setting the number of operating units according to the load current and driving the units 100A, 100B,. This process is performed while the controller 10A of the unit 100A communicates with the controller (10B, etc.) of another unit (100B, etc.).
  • the power supply system 201 can maintain high efficiency even if the processing is performed.
  • the unit 100A communicates to calculate the load current of the power supply system 201 and determine the necessary number of units to be operated.
  • the controller 10A of the unit 100A operating as a master drives all the units via the serial bus 4 when the output current detected by the output current detection circuit 5 exceeds the threshold value.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the timing for driving all the units when the load increases rapidly.
  • the load current of the power supply system 201 is 120A.
  • the threshold value of the output current when driving all the units is 80A.
  • the load current When the load current is 120A, the two units 100A and 100B are operating. Thereafter, when the load current increases suddenly, when the load current exceeds 140 A, the number of operating units needs to be three as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in order to maintain high efficiency. And in load current 160A, it is necessary for three units to be in an operating state. However, since the load fluctuation is steep, after the load current exceeds 140A, the load current reaches 160A immediately before performing the process of increasing the number of operating units from two units to three. If only two units are operating when the load current is 160A, the output current per unit is 80A, exceeding the output currents 40A to 70A per unit that can maintain high efficiency.
  • the threshold is set to 80A and the output current of the unit 100A operating as the master exceeds the threshold 80A, that is, when the load current exceeds 160A, another unit that immediately operates as a slave. Send a command to drive everything.
  • the output current borne by one unit can be reduced, and the use of each unit in an overcurrent state can be suppressed.
  • the power supply system 201 can maintain high efficiency in response to a sudden increase in load current.
  • Threshold value is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum value of output current borne by one unit when one or more units are stopped. That is, in this example, it is at least 70 A or more. As a result, it is possible to prevent malfunctions such as driving all modules when the number of normal operations is reduced. It is desirable to have a margin between the maximum value of the output current and the threshold value so that all modules do not drive due to slight load fluctuations, but in order not to activate the overcurrent protection operation when the load suddenly increases, the threshold value is It must be below the overcurrent protection point, and it is desirable to provide a margin for this as well.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing processing executed by the controller 10A of the unit 100A.
  • the output current detection circuit 5 detects the output current (S2).
  • the controller 10A determines whether or not the detected output current is greater than or equal to a threshold value (for example, 80A) (S3).
  • the controller 10A drives all units (S4). Thereby, even when the load current increases rapidly, by driving all the units, the output current borne by one unit can be reduced, and the use of each unit in an overcurrent state can be suppressed.
  • the controller 10A calculates the load current (S5). Specifically, the controller 10A acquires the output current detected by the other unit via communication from the other unit (100B or the like), and adds the total output current. Then, the controller 10A determines the number of operating units from the calculated load current (S6), and drives or stops each unit according to the operating units (S7).
  • the controller 10A determines whether or not to end this process.
  • the case where this process is terminated is, for example, a case where the power supply of the power supply system 201 is turned off.
  • the controller 10A executes the process of S2.
  • this process ends (S8: YES)
  • the controller 10A performs a shutdown process, for example, and ends this process.
  • the power supply system 201 can generate the output current borne by each unit by driving all the units 100A, 100B,... Even when the load current increases rapidly. It can reduce, and it can control that each unit is used in an overcurrent state.
  • detection information is exchanged by communication. Therefore, as in the power supply system described in Patent Document 2, the number of signal lines and connector terminals for the number of modules to be connected are compared to the case where the detection result of the operating status of each module is transmitted to the number controller via the signal lines. This eliminates the need to reduce the size, cost, and simplification of the apparatus.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Power Sources (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a power supply system (201) wherein: a plurality of units (100A, 100B and so on), each of which has a converter section (1) that performs power conversion, are provided; an input section and an output section of each of the units (100A, 100B and so on) are connected in parallel; the units (100A, 100B and so on) are communicating with each other; and the unit (100A) is set as a master module that controls driving and stopping of other units (100B and the like). The unit (100A) makes all other units (100B and the like) driven when an output current (Io) exceeds a threshold value, said output current having been detected by means of an output current detection circuit (5). In the cases where all the units (100B and the like) are driven, one of the all other units (100B and the like) is stopped on the basis of the total of the output currents of the units (100A, 100B and so on). Consequently, provided is the power supply system capable of suppressing the modules being used in an overcurrent state when a load current is rapidly increased.

Description

電源システムPower system
　本発明は、複数の電源装置を備え、それらの入力部及び出力部がそれぞれ並列接続された電源システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a power supply system that includes a plurality of power supply devices and that has an input unit and an output unit connected in parallel.
　高出力化又は回路の冗長化を目的として、複数の電源装置を並列接続して構成される電源システムが利用される。特許文献１には、マスタモジュール及び複数のスレーブモジュールを並列接続して構成される電源システムが開示されている。この電源システムでは、マスタモジュールは、各モジュールの出力電流を合計した負荷電流を監視し、その負荷電流に応じた最適なモジュール運転台数を決定している。そして、マスタモジュールは、決定した台数のスレーブモジュールを駆動させている。 A power supply system configured by connecting a plurality of power supply devices in parallel is used for the purpose of increasing output or circuit redundancy. Patent Document 1 discloses a power supply system configured by connecting a master module and a plurality of slave modules in parallel. In this power supply system, the master module monitors the load current obtained by summing up the output currents of the modules, and determines the optimum number of modules to be operated according to the load current. The master module drives the determined number of slave modules.
特開２０００－１０２１６４号公報JP 2000-102164 A 特開平３－１２４２２８号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-124228
　ここで、特許文献１に記載の電源システムにおいて、特許文献２に記載されているように、各スレーブモジュールにおいて負荷電流を検出し、これらの検出情報により駆動する電源モジュールの台数を制御することがある。しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されているような送受信回路による通信の制御では、時間当たりに伝達可能な情報量に限界があるため、負荷電流が急激に増加する場合、マスタモジュールが各スレーブモジュールの負荷電流検出値による負荷電流情報を収集して、最適なモジュール運転台数を決定することに時間を要してしまう。したがって、マスタモジュールは、負荷電流の急激な増加に合わせて、必要数の各スレーブモジュールを即時に駆動させることができない、という問題が発生する。このため、各モジュールが過電流状態で使用される場合があり、不具合が生じるおそれがある。 Here, in the power supply system described in Patent Document 1, as described in Patent Document 2, the load current is detected in each slave module, and the number of power supply modules to be driven is controlled based on the detection information. is there. However, in the communication control by the transmission / reception circuit as described in Patent Document 1, since there is a limit to the amount of information that can be transmitted per time, when the load current increases rapidly, the master module is connected to each slave module. It takes time to collect the load current information based on the detected load current value and determine the optimum number of modules to operate. Accordingly, there arises a problem that the master module cannot immediately drive the necessary number of slave modules in accordance with the rapid increase in load current. For this reason, each module may be used in an overcurrent state, which may cause a problem.
　また、特許文献１に記載の電源システムのように、電源システムの出力を一括で検出する場合、大きな電流が流れるため大きな検出回路が必要となり、サイズアップ又はコスト増加につながる。 Also, as in the power supply system described in Patent Document 1, when the outputs of the power supply system are detected at once, a large current flows, so a large detection circuit is required, leading to an increase in size or cost.
　そこで、本発明の目的は、動作台数を減少させているときに負荷電流が急激に増加した場合においても、各モジュールが速やかに駆動され、過電流状態で使用されることを抑制できる電源システムを提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system that can suppress each module from being driven quickly and used in an overcurrent state even when the load current increases rapidly when the number of operating units is decreased. It is to provide.
　本発明は、電力変換を行うコンバータ部を有する複数の電源装置を備え、前記複数の電源装置の入力部及び出力部がそれぞれ並列接続され、前記複数の電源装置は互いに通信して、前記複数の電源装置のうち少なくとも一つは、他の前記電源装置の駆動及び停止を制御するマスタモジュールに設定された電源システムにおいて、前記他の電源装置は、出力電流を検出し、検出結果を前記マスタモジュールに設定された電源装置へ出力する出力電流検出出力部を備え、前記マスタモジュールに設定された電源装置は、出力電流を検出する出力電流検出部と、前記出力電流検出部が検出した出力電流が閾値を超えたときに、他のすべての前記電源装置を駆動させる駆動制御部と、前記他の電源装置すべてが駆動している場合、前記出力電流検出部が検出した出力電流、及び、前記他の電源装置が出力した出力電流の検出結果を加算し、出力電流の合計を算出する算出部と、前記算出部による算出結果に基づいて、駆動させる電源装置の台数を決定する台数決定部と、を備え、前記駆動制御部は、他のすべての前記電源装置が駆動しているときに前記台数決定部が決定した台数に基づいて、前記他の電源装置の何れかを停止させることを特徴とする。 The present invention includes a plurality of power supply devices having a converter unit that performs power conversion, and an input unit and an output unit of the plurality of power supply devices are respectively connected in parallel, the plurality of power supply devices communicate with each other, and the plurality of power supply devices In the power supply system in which at least one of the power supply devices is set as a master module that controls driving and stopping of the other power supply device, the other power supply device detects an output current, and the detection result is transmitted to the master module. An output current detection output unit that outputs to a power supply device set to, and the power supply device set to the master module includes an output current detection unit that detects an output current, and an output current detected by the output current detection unit. A drive control unit that drives all the other power supply devices when a threshold value is exceeded, and the output current detection when all the other power supply devices are driven The output unit detected by the other power supply unit and the output current detection result output from the other power supply unit are added to calculate a total output current, and the power supply unit to be driven based on the calculation result by the calculation unit A number-of-units determining unit that determines the number of the other power supply devices based on the number of units determined by the number-of-units determining unit when all the other power supply units are driven Any one of the above is stopped.
　この構成では、マスタモジュールに設定された電源装置で、閾値を超える出力電流が検出されたときに、他の全ての電源装置へ駆動を指令することで、負荷電流が急激に増加したときでも、他の電源装置が速やかに起動する。これにより、急激な負荷電流の増加したときに、各電源装置が過電流状態で使用されることを抑制できる。また、出力電流の検出結果を加算処理する算出部を備えているので、大きな検出回路が不要であり、小型化及びコスト削減を達成できる。 In this configuration, when an output current exceeding the threshold is detected in the power supply device set in the master module, even when the load current suddenly increases by instructing driving to all other power supply devices, Other power supplies start up quickly. Thereby, when a sudden load current increases, it can suppress that each power supply device is used in an overcurrent state. In addition, since a calculation unit for adding the detection results of the output current is provided, a large detection circuit is unnecessary, and downsizing and cost reduction can be achieved.
　前記閾値は、一以上の前記電源装置が停止している場合に前記出力電流検出部が検出する出力電流値以上であることが好ましい。 It is preferable that the threshold value is equal to or greater than an output current value detected by the output current detection unit when one or more of the power supply devices are stopped.
　この構成では、定常時のための台数切替動作と、負荷急増時のための全電源起動動作とが干渉せず、電源システムを安定に動作させることができる。 In this configuration, the power supply system can be stably operated without interfering with the number switching operation for the steady state and the all power source starting operation for the sudden increase in load.
　前記複数の電源装置は過電流保護回路を備え、前記閾値は前記過電流保護回路の過電流保護点未満であることが好ましい。 It is preferable that the plurality of power supply devices include an overcurrent protection circuit, and the threshold value is less than an overcurrent protection point of the overcurrent protection circuit.
　この構成では、過電流保護点を超える前に他の全ての電源装置を駆動させて、出力電流を各電源装置に分担させることで、過電流保護の作動を未然に防止できる。 In this configuration, the operation of the overcurrent protection can be prevented beforehand by driving all other power supply devices before the overcurrent protection point is exceeded and sharing the output current with each power supply device.
　本発明によれば、負荷電流が急激に増加したときに、各電源装置が過電流状態で使用されることを抑制できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent each power supply device from being used in an overcurrent state when the load current increases rapidly.
実施形態に係る電源システムの回路図Circuit diagram of power supply system according to embodiment マスタとして動作するコントローラの機能をブロック化して表した図A block diagram of the controller function that operates as a master スレーブとして動作するコントローラの機能をブロック化して表した図A block diagram of the controller function that operates as a slave 負荷に対する電源ユニットの効率特性を示すグラフGraph showing efficiency characteristics of power supply unit against load 増加する負荷電流に合わせて動作台数を増やしたときのユニット一台当たりの効率を示す図Diagram showing efficiency per unit when the number of operating units is increased to match the increasing load current 図５をグラフ化した図A graph of FIG. 負荷が急激に増加したときに、全ユニットを駆動させるタイミングを説明するための図Diagram for explaining the timing to drive all units when the load suddenly increases ユニットのコントローラが実行する処理を示すフローチャートFlow chart showing processing executed by unit controller
　図１は、本実施形態に係る電源システムの回路図である。この電源システム２０１は、複数の電源装置ユニット（以下、単に「ユニット」）１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・を備え、それらの入力部および出力部がそれぞれ並列接続されて構成されている。図１では３つめ以降のユニットの図示は省略している。ユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・のそれぞれは基本的に同一構成であるが、この例では、ユニット１００Ａがマスタ、他のユニット１００Ｂ等はスレーブとして動作する。 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power supply system according to the present embodiment. The power supply system 201 includes a plurality of power supply unit units (hereinafter simply “units”) 100A, 100B..., And their input units and output units are connected in parallel. In FIG. 1, the third and subsequent units are not shown. Each of the units 100A, 100B,... Has basically the same configuration, but in this example, the unit 100A operates as a master and the other units 100B and the like operate as slaves.
　ユニット１００Ａは、コンバータ部１、スイッチング制御回路２、コントローラ１０Ａ、出力電圧検出回路３、出力電流検出回路５、及びドループ生成回路６を備えている。 The unit 100A includes a converter unit 1, a switching control circuit 2, a controller 10A, an output voltage detection circuit 3, an output current detection circuit 5, and a droop generation circuit 6.
　コンバータ部１は、スイッチ素子Ｑ１、ダイオードＤ１、インダクタＬ１及びキャパシタＣ１を備え、非絶縁の降圧コンバータ回路を構成している。スイッチング制御回路２は、誤差増幅器、ＰＷＭコンパレータ及び三角波生成回路等により構成されるＰＷＭ制御回路を備えている。 The converter unit 1 includes a switch element Q1, a diode D1, an inductor L1, and a capacitor C1, and constitutes a non-insulated step-down converter circuit. The switching control circuit 2 includes a PWM control circuit including an error amplifier, a PWM comparator, a triangular wave generation circuit, and the like.
　出力電圧検出回路３は抵抗Ｒ０，Ｒ１による分圧回路である。スイッチング制御回路２は、出力電圧検出回路３から入力した電圧値に応じて、オンデューティを変更したＰＷＭ変調信号を生成し、スイッチ素子Ｑ１へ与える。スイッチ素子Ｑ１は、このＰＷＭ変調された信号で制御される。スイッチ素子Ｑ１のオン期間にインダクタＬ１に励磁電流が流れ、オフ期間にダイオードＤ１を通して還流電流が流れる。 The output voltage detection circuit 3 is a voltage dividing circuit using resistors R0 and R1. The switching control circuit 2 generates a PWM modulation signal whose on-duty is changed in accordance with the voltage value input from the output voltage detection circuit 3, and supplies the PWM modulation signal to the switch element Q1. The switch element Q1 is controlled by this PWM modulated signal. An exciting current flows through the inductor L1 during the ON period of the switch element Q1, and a return current flows through the diode D1 during the OFF period.
　出力電流検出回路５は、ユニット１００Ａの出力電流Ｉoを検出し、検出結果をコントローラ１０Ａへ出力する。 The output current detection circuit 5 detects the output current Io of the unit 100A and outputs the detection result to the controller 10A.
　コントローラ１０Ａは、出力電流検出回路５が検出した出力電流Ｉoが閾値（過電流保護点）を超えると、スイッチング制御回路２へ信号を出力し、過電流が流れないように、スイッチング制御回路２がスイッチ素子Ｑ１をスイッチング制御する。例えば、スイッチング制御回路２は、スイッチ素子Ｑ１をオフにし、又は、オンデューティを短くする。スイッチ素子Ｑ１、スイッチング制御回路２、出力電流検出回路５及びコントローラ１０Ａ等は、本発明に係る過電流保護回路に相当する。 When the output current Io detected by the output current detection circuit 5 exceeds a threshold value (overcurrent protection point), the controller 10A outputs a signal to the switching control circuit 2 so that the overcurrent does not flow. Switching control of the switch element Q1 is performed. For example, the switching control circuit 2 turns off the switch element Q1 or shortens the on-duty. The switch element Q1, the switching control circuit 2, the output current detection circuit 5, the controller 10A, and the like correspond to the overcurrent protection circuit according to the present invention.
　ドループ生成回路６は、出力電流Ｉoが大きくなるにともなって出力電圧を小さくする電圧電流特性、すなわちドループ特性をもたせるためのドループ用補正値を生成する。ドループ用補正値は、出力電流Ｉoが大きくなるにともなって大きくなり、出力電圧検出回路３の出力電圧に加算される。出力電圧検出回路３の出力電圧にドループ用補正値が加算されることで、出力電流Ｉoが大きくなるにともなって出力電圧は低下する。各ユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・がドループ特性を有することで、各ユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・からは、互いに等しい出力電流が出力されるため、複数のユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・を並列稼働させる場合に、適正な負荷分担を実現できる。 The droop generation circuit 6 generates a droop correction value for providing a voltage-current characteristic that decreases the output voltage as the output current Io increases, that is, a droop characteristic. The droop correction value increases as the output current Io increases and is added to the output voltage of the output voltage detection circuit 3. By adding the droop correction value to the output voltage of the output voltage detection circuit 3, the output voltage decreases as the output current Io increases. Since each unit 100A, 100B... Has a droop characteristic, each unit 100A, 100B... Outputs an equal output current to each other, so that a plurality of units 100A, 100B. In some cases, appropriate load sharing can be realized.
　図２は、マスタとして動作するコントローラ１０Ａの機能をブロック化して表した図である。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the functions of the controller 10A operating as a master.
　コントローラ１０Ａにおいて、通信部１１は、他のユニット（１００Ｂ等）とシリアルバス４を介して通信する。出力電流取得部１２は、出力電流Ｉoの大きさを表す電圧信号を出力電流検出回路５から入力してディジタルデータに変換する。駆動制御部１３は、出力電流取得部１２により取得した出力電流Ｉoが閾値以上である場合、通信部１１を介して、各ユニット（１００Ｂ等）を全て駆動させる。 In the controller 10A, the communication unit 11 communicates with other units (100B, etc.) via the serial bus 4. The output current acquisition unit 12 receives a voltage signal representing the magnitude of the output current Io from the output current detection circuit 5 and converts it into digital data. When the output current Io acquired by the output current acquisition unit 12 is equal to or greater than the threshold, the drive control unit 13 drives all the units (100B, etc.) via the communication unit 11.
　ここで、駆動制御部１３で用いられる閾値とは、複数のユニット１００Ｂ・・・のうち一台でも停止状態である場合に検出される出力電流の値以上であり、過電流保護部１６で用いられる閾値（過電流保護点）未満である。 Here, the threshold value used in the drive control unit 13 is equal to or greater than the value of the output current detected when at least one of the plurality of units 100B... Is in a stopped state, and is used in the overcurrent protection unit 16. Is less than the threshold value (overcurrent protection point).
　加算部１４は、出力電流取得部１２が取得したユニット１００Ａの出力電流Ｉoと、通信部１１を介して取得した、稼働状態にある他のユニット（１００Ｂ等）の出力電流とを加算する。この加算により、電源システム２０１全体の出力電流が得られる。 The addition unit 14 adds the output current Io of the unit 100A acquired by the output current acquisition unit 12 and the output current of another unit (100B or the like) in the operating state acquired via the communication unit 11. By this addition, the output current of the entire power supply system 201 is obtained.
　台数決定部１５は、加算部１４が加算して得られた電源システム２０１の出力電流から、ユニットの動作台数を決定する。駆動制御部１３は、その決定に応じて、各ユニット（１００Ｂ等）を駆動又は停止させる。 The number determination unit 15 determines the number of units to be operated from the output current of the power supply system 201 obtained by the addition unit 14 adding. The drive control part 13 drives or stops each unit (100B etc.) according to the determination.
　過電流保護部１６は、出力電流取得部１２が取得したユニット１００Ａの出力電流Ｉoが閾値（過電流保護点）を超えているかを判定する。スイッチ制御部１７は、過電流保護部１６により、出力電流Ｉoが閾値を超えていると判定された場合、スイッチング制御回路２へ信号を出力する。この信号が入力されたスイッチング制御回路２は、スイッチ素子Ｑ１をオフにし、又は、オンデューティを短くし、過電流状態とならないようにする。また、電源システム２０１全体をオフする場合は、スイッチ素子Ｑ１をオフにして、コンバータ部１を停止させる。 The overcurrent protection unit 16 determines whether the output current Io of the unit 100A acquired by the output current acquisition unit 12 exceeds a threshold value (overcurrent protection point). The switch control unit 17 outputs a signal to the switching control circuit 2 when the overcurrent protection unit 16 determines that the output current Io exceeds the threshold value. The switching control circuit 2 to which this signal is input turns off the switch element Q1 or shortens the on-duty so as not to be in an overcurrent state. When the entire power supply system 201 is turned off, the switch element Q1 is turned off and the converter unit 1 is stopped.
　図３は、スレーブとして動作するコントローラ１０Ｂの機能をブロック化して表した図である。コントローラ１０Ｂは、コントローラ１０Ａの駆動制御部１３、加算部１４及び台数決定部１５を備えず、通信部１１、過電流保護部１６及びスイッチ制御部１７を備えた構成である。コントローラ１０Ｂは、出力電流検出回路５により検出されたユニット１００Ｂの出力電流Ｉoの情報を、出力電流取得部１２においてディジタルデータに変換して、通信部１１からマスタとして動作するコントローラ１０Ａに出力する。また、コントローラ１０Ｂは、マスタとして動作するコントローラ１０Ａからの通信による駆動又は停止指令に応じて、コンバータ部１を駆動又は停止させる。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the function of the controller 10B operating as a slave. The controller 10B does not include the drive control unit 13, the addition unit 14, and the number determination unit 15 of the controller 10A, but includes the communication unit 11, the overcurrent protection unit 16, and the switch control unit 17. The controller 10B converts the information of the output current Io of the unit 100B detected by the output current detection circuit 5 into digital data in the output current acquisition unit 12, and outputs the digital data from the communication unit 11 to the controller 10A operating as a master. Further, the controller 10B drives or stops the converter unit 1 in accordance with a drive or stop command by communication from the controller 10A operating as a master.
　以上のように構成されたユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・を備える電源システム２０１では、マスタとして動作するユニット１００Ａが、スレーブとして動作する他のユニット（１００Ｂ等）を駆動させ、又は、停止させる。以下、その制御について説明する。 In the power supply system 201 including the units 100A, 100B... Configured as described above, the unit 100A operating as a master drives or stops other units (such as 100B) operating as slaves. Hereinafter, the control will be described.
　図４は、負荷に対する電源ユニットの効率特性を示すグラフである。図４に示すグラフは、横軸を一のユニット（１００Ａ等）の出力電流［Ａ］、縦軸を効率（％）としている。この例では、ユニットの最大出力は１００Ａとしてある。そして、出力電流５０Ａ付近のときに最も効率が高くなるように設計されている。したがって、複数のユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・を並列稼働させる場合、ユニット一台あたりの出力が５０Ａ付近（４０Ａ～７０Ａ）となるよう、動作台数を切り替えることで、高効率を維持することができる。 FIG. 4 is a graph showing the efficiency characteristics of the power supply unit with respect to the load. In the graph shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal axis represents the output current [A] of one unit (100A, etc.), and the vertical axis represents the efficiency (%). In this example, the maximum output of the unit is 100A. And it is designed so that the efficiency is highest when the output current is around 50A. Therefore, when a plurality of units 100A, 100B,... Are operated in parallel, high efficiency can be maintained by switching the number of operating units so that the output per unit is around 50A (40A to 70A). .
　図５は、増加する負荷電流に合わせて動作台数を増やしたときの電源システム２０１の効率を示す図である。図５では、比較のために負荷電流に関係なくユニットの動作台数を５台とした場合の効率も示す。図６は、図５をグラフ化した図である。図６の横軸は、電源システム２０１の出力電流、すなわち、各ユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・の出力電流の合計である。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the efficiency of the power supply system 201 when the number of operating units is increased in accordance with the increasing load current. FIG. 5 also shows the efficiency when the number of operating units is five regardless of the load current for comparison. FIG. 6 is a graph of FIG. The horizontal axis in FIG. 6 represents the output current of the power supply system 201, that is, the total output current of the units 100A, 100B,.
　図４で説明したように、各ユニットの出力電流が５０Ａ付近（例えば、４０Ａ～７０Ａ）となるようにユニットの動作台数を設定することで、電源システム２０１は、高効率を維持できる。なお、負荷電流に関係なく、マスタとして動作するユニット１００Ａは、常に動作状態にある。 As described with reference to FIG. 4, the power supply system 201 can maintain high efficiency by setting the number of operating units so that the output current of each unit is around 50 A (for example, 40 A to 70 A). Regardless of the load current, the unit 100A operating as a master is always in an operating state.
　例えば、負荷電流が４０Ａの場合、台数決定部１５は、動作台数を１台に決定する。この場合、マスタとして動作するユニット１００Ａのみが駆動し、他のユニット（１００Ｂ等）は停止状態となる。図６に示すように、１台のみのユニット（１００Ａ）を動作させた場合、台数を変更せずに、５台のユニットを動作させている場合と比べて、一台当たりの効率は高い。 For example, when the load current is 40 A, the number determining unit 15 determines the number of operating units as one. In this case, only the unit 100A operating as the master is driven, and the other units (100B and the like) are stopped. As shown in FIG. 6, when only one unit (100A) is operated, the efficiency per unit is high as compared with the case where five units are operated without changing the number of units.
　負荷電流が１８０Ａの場合、台数決定部１５は、動作台数は３台に決定する。この場合、ユニット一台あたりの負荷電流は６０Ａである。このとき、ユニット１００Ａを含む３台が稼働するようにする。図６に示すように、３台のユニットを動作させた場合、台数を変更せずに、５台のユニットを動作させている場合と比べて、一台当たりの効率は高い。 When the load current is 180 A, the number determining unit 15 determines the number of operating units to be three. In this case, the load current per unit is 60A. At this time, three units including the unit 100A are operated. As shown in FIG. 6, when three units are operated, the efficiency per unit is higher than when five units are operated without changing the number of units.
　さらに、加算部１４による加算の結果、負荷電流が２６０Ａの場合、台数決定部１５は、動作台数は５台に決定する。この場合、ユニット一台あたりの負荷電流は５２Ａである。このとき、ユニット１００Ａを含む５台が稼働する。 Furthermore, when the load current is 260 A as a result of the addition by the adding unit 14, the number determining unit 15 determines the number of operating units to be five. In this case, the load current per unit is 52A. At this time, five units including the unit 100A operate.
　以上のように、負荷電流に応じて動作台数を設定して、ユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・を駆動させることで、高効率を維持できる。この処理は、ユニット１００Ａのコントローラ１０Ａが、他のユニット（１００Ｂ等）のコントローラ（１０Ｂ等）と通信しつつ行われる。負荷変動が小さい場合、前記処理を行っても、電源システム２０１は高効率を維持できる。 As described above, high efficiency can be maintained by setting the number of operating units according to the load current and driving the units 100A, 100B,. This process is performed while the controller 10A of the unit 100A communicates with the controller (10B, etc.) of another unit (100B, etc.). When the load fluctuation is small, the power supply system 201 can maintain high efficiency even if the processing is performed.
　一方で、負荷電流が急峻に変化した場合、ユニット１００Ａが通信を行って、電源システム２０１の負荷電流を算出し、かつ、必要な動作台数を決定したのち、その台数分のユニット（１００Ｂ等）を駆動させると、停止状態の他のユニットを駆動させるのに遅れが生じ、負荷電流の増加に合わせてユニットの動作台数が追随できず、電源システム２０１の各ユニットが過電流状態で使用される等の不具合が生じる。そこで、本実施形態では、マスタとして動作するユニット１００Ａのコントローラ１０Ａは、出力電流検出回路５が検出する出力電流が閾値を超えたときに、シリアルバス４を介して、各ユニットを全て駆動させる。 On the other hand, when the load current changes abruptly, the unit 100A communicates to calculate the load current of the power supply system 201 and determine the necessary number of units to be operated. When the unit is driven, there is a delay in driving other units in the stopped state, the number of operating units cannot follow the increase in load current, and each unit of the power supply system 201 is used in an overcurrent state. Such problems occur. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the controller 10A of the unit 100A operating as a master drives all the units via the serial bus 4 when the output current detected by the output current detection circuit 5 exceeds the threshold value.
　図７は、負荷が急激に増加したときに、全ユニットを駆動させるタイミングを説明するための図である。この例では、最初、電源システム２０１の負荷電流は１２０Ａであるとする。また、全ユニットを駆動させる際の出力電流の閾値は８０Ａとする。 FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the timing for driving all the units when the load increases rapidly. In this example, initially, it is assumed that the load current of the power supply system 201 is 120A. The threshold value of the output current when driving all the units is 80A.
　負荷電流が１２０Ａの場合、２台のユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂが動作している。この後、負荷電流が急激に増加した場合、負荷電流が１４０Ａを超えたときに、高効率の維持のため、図５及び図６に示すように、動作台数を３台にする必要がある。そして、負荷電流１６０Ａでは、３台のユニットが稼働状態である必要がある。しかしながら、負荷変動が急峻であるため、負荷電流が１４０Ａを超えた後、２台のユニットから動作台数を３台に増やす処理を行う前に、すぐに負荷電流が１６０Ａに達する。負荷電流１６０Ａの場合に２台のユニットのみが動作していると、ユニット一台当たりの出力電流は８０Ａとなり、高効率を維持できるユニット一台当たりの出力電流４０Ａ～７０Ａを超える。 When the load current is 120A, the two units 100A and 100B are operating. Thereafter, when the load current increases suddenly, when the load current exceeds 140 A, the number of operating units needs to be three as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in order to maintain high efficiency. And in load current 160A, it is necessary for three units to be in an operating state. However, since the load fluctuation is steep, after the load current exceeds 140A, the load current reaches 160A immediately before performing the process of increasing the number of operating units from two units to three. If only two units are operating when the load current is 160A, the output current per unit is 80A, exceeding the output currents 40A to 70A per unit that can maintain high efficiency.
　そこで、閾値を例えば８０Ａに設定し、マスタとして動作するユニット１００Ａの出力電流が、その閾値８０Ａを超えたときに、すなわち、負荷電流が１６０Ａを超えたときに、直ちにスレーブとして動作する他のユニット全てを駆動させるコマンドを送信する。これにより、負荷電流が急増した場合であっても、全ユニットを駆動させることで、一台当たりが負担する出力電流を軽減でき、各ユニットが過電流状態で使用されることを抑制できる。そして、電源システム２０１は、急激な負荷電流の増加に対応し、高効率を維持できる。 Therefore, for example, when the threshold is set to 80A and the output current of the unit 100A operating as the master exceeds the threshold 80A, that is, when the load current exceeds 160A, another unit that immediately operates as a slave. Send a command to drive everything. Thereby, even when the load current increases rapidly, by driving all the units, the output current borne by one unit can be reduced, and the use of each unit in an overcurrent state can be suppressed. The power supply system 201 can maintain high efficiency in response to a sudden increase in load current.
　閾値は、一以上のユニットが停止している場合にユニット一台当たりが負担する出力電流の最大値以上に設定する。すなわちこの例では、最低でも７０Ａ以上とする。これにより、通常の動作台数を減少させているときに全モジュール駆動してしまうといった誤動作を防止することができる。多少の負荷変動で全モジュールが駆動しないように、出力電流の最大値と閾値との間にはマージンを持たせることが望ましいが、負荷急増時に過電流保護動作を起動させないためには、閾値は過電流保護点未満にする必要があり、これについてもマージンを持たせることが望ましい。 Threshold value is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum value of output current borne by one unit when one or more units are stopped. That is, in this example, it is at least 70 A or more. As a result, it is possible to prevent malfunctions such as driving all modules when the number of normal operations is reduced. It is desirable to have a margin between the maximum value of the output current and the threshold value so that all modules do not drive due to slight load fluctuations, but in order not to activate the overcurrent protection operation when the load suddenly increases, the threshold value is It must be below the overcurrent protection point, and it is desirable to provide a margin for this as well.
　図８は、ユニット１００Ａのコントローラ１０Ａが実行する処理を示すフローチャートである。 FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing processing executed by the controller 10A of the unit 100A.
　コントローラ１０Ａは起動すると（Ｓ１）、出力電流検出回路５により出力電流を検出する（Ｓ２）。コントローラ１０Ａは、その検出した出力電流が閾値（例えば８０Ａ）以上であるか否かを判定する（Ｓ３）。 When the controller 10A is activated (S1), the output current detection circuit 5 detects the output current (S2). The controller 10A determines whether or not the detected output current is greater than or equal to a threshold value (for example, 80A) (S3).
　検出した出力電流が閾値以上である場合（Ｓ３：ＹＥＳ）、コントローラ１０Ａは全ユニットを駆動させる（Ｓ４）。これにより、負荷電流が急増した場合であっても、全ユニットを駆動させることで、一台当たりが負担する出力電流を軽減でき、各ユニットが過電流状態で使用されることを抑制できる。 When the detected output current is equal to or greater than the threshold (S3: YES), the controller 10A drives all units (S4). Thereby, even when the load current increases rapidly, by driving all the units, the output current borne by one unit can be reduced, and the use of each unit in an overcurrent state can be suppressed.
　検出した出力電流が閾値以上でない場合（Ｓ３：ＮＯ）、コントローラ１０Ａは、負荷電流を算出する（Ｓ５）。詳しくは、コントローラ１０Ａは、他のユニット（１００Ｂ等）から通信を介して、他のユニットが検出した出力電流を取得し、全出力電流を加算する。そして、コントローラ１０Ａは、算出した負荷電流から、動作台数を決定し（Ｓ６）、その動作台数に応じて各ユニットを駆動又は停止させる（Ｓ７）。 When the detected output current is not equal to or greater than the threshold (S3: NO), the controller 10A calculates the load current (S5). Specifically, the controller 10A acquires the output current detected by the other unit via communication from the other unit (100B or the like), and adds the total output current. Then, the controller 10A determines the number of operating units from the calculated load current (S6), and drives or stops each unit according to the operating units (S7).
　Ｓ５からＳ７の処理では、Ｓ４で一度全ユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・を駆動させた場合、その全台数が、各ユニットの出力電流の合計から決定された台数を超えている場合には、ユニットを停止させる。不要なユニットを停止させることで、効率よく電流を出力できる。 In the processing from S5 to S7, when all the units 100A, 100B,... Are driven once in S4, if the total number exceeds the number determined from the total output current of each unit, Stop. By stopping unnecessary units, current can be output efficiently.
　Ｓ８では、コントローラ１０Ａは本処理を終了するか否かを判定する。本処理を終了する場合とは、例えば、電源システム２０１の電源がオフされる場合などである。本処理を終了しない場合（Ｓ８：ＮＯ）、コントローラ１０ＡはＳ２の処理を実行する。本処理を終了する場合（Ｓ８：ＹＥＳ）、コントローラ１０Ａは、例えばシャットダウン処理等を行い、本処理を終了する。 In S8, the controller 10A determines whether or not to end this process. The case where this process is terminated is, for example, a case where the power supply of the power supply system 201 is turned off. When this process is not terminated (S8: NO), the controller 10A executes the process of S2. When this process ends (S8: YES), the controller 10A performs a shutdown process, for example, and ends this process.
　なお、図８ではすべての処理を定常処理で示しているが、定常処理ではＳ２→Ｓ５→・・・とし、Ｓ３の処理を割り込みトリガとし、Ｓ４の処理を割り込みルーチンにすることで、さらにすみやかに全ユニットを起動することもできる。 In FIG. 8, all processes are shown as steady processes. However, in the steady process, S2 → S5 →..., The process of S3 is set as an interrupt trigger, and the process of S4 is set as an interrupt routine. You can also activate all units.
　以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る電源システム２０１は、負荷電流が急増した場合であっても、全ユニット１００Ａ，１００Ｂ・・・を駆動させることで、一台当たりが負担する出力電流を軽減でき、各ユニットが過電流状態で使用されることを抑制できる。 As described above, the power supply system 201 according to the present embodiment can generate the output current borne by each unit by driving all the units 100A, 100B,... Even when the load current increases rapidly. It can reduce, and it can control that each unit is used in an overcurrent state.
　また、本実施形態は、通信により検出情報をやり取りしている。したがって、特許文献２に記載の電源システムのように、各モジュールの稼働状況の検出結果を台数制御器にそれぞれ信号線で伝達する場合に比べて、モジュールを接続する台数分の信号線及びコネクタ端子が不要となり、装置の小型化、コストダウン、及び簡素化が可能となる。 In the present embodiment, detection information is exchanged by communication. Therefore, as in the power supply system described in Patent Document 2, the number of signal lines and connector terminals for the number of modules to be connected are compared to the case where the detection result of the operating status of each module is transmitted to the number controller via the signal lines. This eliminates the need to reduce the size, cost, and simplification of the apparatus.
１…コンバータ部
２…スイッチング制御回路
３…出力電圧検出回路
４…シリアルバス
５…出力電流検出回路（出力電流検出部）
６…ドループ生成回路
１０Ａ，１０Ｂ…コントローラ
１１…通信部
１２…出力電流取得部（出力電流検出部）
１３…駆動制御部
１４…加算部（算出部）
１５…台数決定部
１６…過電流保護部
１７…スイッチ制御部
２１…三角波生成回路
１００Ａ，１００Ｂ…ユニット
２０１…電源システム
Ｃ１，Ｃ２…キャパシタ
ＣＭＰ１…ＰＷＭコンパレータ
Ｄ１…ダイオード
Ｌ１…インダクタ
ＯＰＡＭＰ１…誤差増幅器
Ｑ１…スイッチ素子
Ｒ０，Ｒ１，Ｒ２…抵抗 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Converter part 2 ... Switching control circuit 3 ... Output voltage detection circuit 4 ... Serial bus 5 ... Output current detection circuit (output current detection part)
6 ... Droop generation circuits 10A, 10B ... Controller 11 ... Communication unit 12 ... Output current acquisition unit (output current detection unit)
13 ... Drive control unit 14 ... Addition unit (calculation unit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Number determination part 16 ... Overcurrent protection part 17 ... Switch control part 21 ... Triangle wave generation circuit 100A, 100B ... Unit 201 ... Power supply system C1, C2 ... Capacitor CMP1 ... PWM comparator D1 ... Diode L1 ... Inductor OPAMP1 ... Error amplifier Q1 ... Switch elements R0, R1, R2 ... Resistance

Claims (3)

  1. 　電力変換を行うコンバータ部を有する複数の電源装置を備え、前記複数の電源装置の入力部及び出力部がそれぞれ並列接続され、前記複数の電源装置は互いに通信して、前記複数の電源装置のうち少なくとも一つは、他の前記電源装置の駆動及び停止を制御するマスタモジュールに設定された電源システムにおいて、
    　前記他の電源装置は、
    　出力電流を検出し、検出結果を前記マスタモジュールに設定された電源装置へ出力する出力電流検出出力部
    　を備え、
    　前記マスタモジュールに設定された電源装置は、
    　出力電流を検出する出力電流検出部と、
    　前記出力電流検出部が検出した出力電流が閾値を超えたときに、他のすべての前記電源装置を駆動させる駆動制御部と、
    　前記他の電源装置すべてが駆動している場合、前記出力電流検出部が検出した出力電流、及び、前記他の電源装置が出力した出力電流の検出結果を加算し、出力電流の合計を算出する算出部と、
    　前記算出部による算出結果に基づいて、駆動させる電源装置の台数を決定する台数決定部と、
    　を備え、
    　前記駆動制御部は、
    　他のすべての前記電源装置が駆動しているときに前記台数決定部が決定した台数に基づいて、前記他の電源装置の何れかを停止させる、
    　電源システム。     A plurality of power supply devices having a converter unit for performing power conversion, wherein input units and output units of the plurality of power supply devices are respectively connected in parallel, and the plurality of power supply devices communicate with each other, and among the plurality of power supply devices At least one of the power supply systems set in the master module that controls the driving and stopping of the other power supply device,
    The other power supply is
    An output current detection output unit that detects an output current and outputs a detection result to a power supply set in the master module;
    The power supply set in the master module is
    An output current detector for detecting the output current;
    When the output current detected by the output current detection unit exceeds a threshold, a drive control unit that drives all the other power supply devices;
    When all the other power supply devices are driven, the output current detected by the output current detector and the detection result of the output current output by the other power supply device are added to calculate the total output current. A calculation unit;
    Based on the calculation result by the calculation unit, a unit number determination unit that determines the number of power supply devices to be driven,
    With
    The drive control unit
    Based on the number determined by the number determination unit when all the other power supply devices are driven, any one of the other power supply devices is stopped.
    Power system.
  2. 　前記閾値は、一以上の前記電源装置が停止している場合に前記出力電流検出部が検出する出力電流値以上である、請求項１に記載の電源システム。 The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the threshold value is equal to or greater than an output current value detected by the output current detection unit when one or more of the power supply devices are stopped.
  3. 　前記複数の電源装置は過電流保護回路を備え、
    　前記閾値は前記過電流保護回路の過電流保護点未満である、
    　請求項１又は２に記載の電源システム。     The plurality of power supply devices include an overcurrent protection circuit,
    The threshold is less than an overcurrent protection point of the overcurrent protection circuit;
    The power supply system according to claim 1 or 2.
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