WO2015142208A1 - Water with low deuterium content for the dietary prevention of tooth loss - Google Patents
Water with low deuterium content for the dietary prevention of tooth loss Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015142208A1 WO2015142208A1 PCT/RU2014/000175 RU2014000175W WO2015142208A1 WO 2015142208 A1 WO2015142208 A1 WO 2015142208A1 RU 2014000175 W RU2014000175 W RU 2014000175W WO 2015142208 A1 WO2015142208 A1 WO 2015142208A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- deuterium content
- ppm
- deuterium
- tooth loss
- Prior art date
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- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 208000008312 Tooth Loss Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 208000024693 gingival disease Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000720974 Protium Species 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004431 deuterium atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 201000001245 periodontitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000028169 periodontal disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- FBEHFRAORPEGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyxycarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC(C)=C(N(CC=C)CC=C)C(C)=C1 FBEHFRAORPEGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100257034 Homo sapiens SLA2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102100024510 Src-like-adapter 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019007 dietary guidelines Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001307 laser spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021056 liquid food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021590 normal diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-NJFSPNSNSA-N oxygen-18 atom Chemical compound [18O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003239 periodontal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydron;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(O)=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/20—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for horses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
- A23K50/48—Moist feed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
- A61K9/0095—Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B5/00—Water
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/92—Oral administration
Definitions
- the present invention is in the field of food industry and healthcare. More specifically, the present invention relates to water with reduced deuterium content for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
- the natural water is a composition of nine water isotopologues ( 1 H 2 16 0, 1 H 2 17 0, 1 H 2 8 0, 1 H 16 0 2 H, 1 H 17 0 2 H, 1 H 18 0 2 H, 2 H 2 16 0, 2 H 2 17 0, 2 H 2 18 0) formed by stable isotopes of hydrogen 1 H (protium) and 2 H (deuterium) and oxygen ( 16 0, 17 0, and 8 0), wherein content of major water isotopologue 1 H 2 16 0 (herein referred to as H 2 0) is 99.7317 molecular % (mol.%).
- the deuterium content in ocean water is 155 ppm (Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water 2, VSMOW2).
- VSMOW2 Standard Mean Ocean Water 2
- the extremely low deuterium content of 89 ppm was found in water samples of unpopulated area in Antarctica (Standard Light Antarctic Precipitation 2, SLAP2).
- the deuterium is distributed between isotopologues as follows: 99.74% of deuterium forms the isotopologue 1 H 16 0 2 H and the rest of deuterium (0.26%) forms isotopologues 1 H 18 0 2 H, 1 H 17 0 2 H, 2 H 2 16 0, 2 H2 7 0, and 2 H 2 18 0.
- Rothman er a/., J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radial Transfer, 1998, 60, 665. Rothman et ai, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radial Transfer, 2003, 82, p.9.
- van Trigt Laser Spectrometry for Stable Isotope Analysis of Water Biomedical and Paleoclimatological Applications.
- deuterium-containing isotopologues are highly undesirable nutrients for people at risk of tooth loss and restriction of consumption of these isotopologues may represent a special medically determined nutrient requirement, the dietary management of which cannot be achieved by the modification of the normal diet alone.
- a restriction of daily consumption of the deuterium-containing isotopologues with drinking represents a novel approach to the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
- It is an object of the present invention is to provide a water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
- It is an object of the present invention is to provide a method of the dietary prevention of tooth loss comprising a step of administering to a subject in need thereof a water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
- Figure 1 shows the dependence of the percentage of adults aged 65 or older who have lost 6 or more of their natural teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease ("Tooth loss, %”) on the deuterium content (“Deuterium content, ppm”) in drinking water.
- Figure 2 shows the dependence of the percentage of adults aged 65 or older who have lost all of their natural teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease ("Complete tooth loss, %”) on the deuterium content (“Deuterium content, ppm”) in drinking water.
- FIG. 3 shows the scheme of the process for preparing water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
- the present invention provides a water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss. [0008] Further, the present invention provides a method of the dietary prevention of tooth loss comprising a step of administering to a subject in need thereof water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
- the deuterium content in the water is from 90 to 139 ppm.
- the water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm is prepared by a process comprising a step of reducing the deuterium content in the natural water.
- a vacuum distillation of natural water is a non-exclusive example of well-known industrial process, which reduces the deuterium content in the natural water.
- the deuterium content can be measured by isotope mass-spectrometry.
- water refers to a composition of isotopologues formed by stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the isotopes of hydrogen are 1 H (protium) and 2 H (deuterium), and wherein the isotopes of oxygen are 16 0, 17 0, and 8 0.
- isotopologue is in accordance with lUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2nd Edition (1997) and refers to a molecular entity that differs only in isotopic composition (number of isotopic substitutions).
- water isotopologues include 1 H 2 16 0, 1 H 2 17 0, 1 H 2 18 0, 1 H 16 0 2 H, 1 H 17 0 2 H, 1 H 18 0 2 H. 2 H 2 16 0, 2 H 2 17 0, 2 H 2 18 0.
- water with the deuterium content of 1 to 139 ppm may contain protium-containing isotopologues at levels of 99.700 ⁇ 1 H 2 6 O ⁇ 99.999 molecular %, 0.000 ⁇ 1 H 2 17 O ⁇ 0.050 molecular %, and 0.000 ⁇ 1 H 2 8 0 ⁇ 0.250 molecular %.
- tooth loss refers to loss of a natural tooth due to tooth decay or a gum disease, e.g. periodontal disease.
- prevention refers to prophylactic administration of water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm to a subject at risk of tooth loss to prevent the tooth loss.
- water with the deuterium content of 1 to 139 ppm can be a component of a food composition.
- the food composition is selected from the group consisting of medical food, nutritional supplement, and beverage.
- the term "medical food” refers to a food which is formulated to be consumed or administered enterally under the supervision of a physician and which is intended for the specific dietary prevention of tooth loss.
- the medical food of the invention may be prepared by well-known procedures using well-known optional ingredients. Such optional ingredients generally are used individually at levels from about 0.0005% to about 10.0%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 1.0% by weight of the composition. Examples of suitable optional ingredients include, but are not limited to, buffers, sweeteners, colorants, carriers, and etc. [0021]
- the medical food is specially formulated and processed as a drink product. Such drink products include, but are not limited to, drinking water, beverage, and liquid food.
- the liquid medical food may be prepared by saturation of water with the deuterium content of 90 to 139 ppm by carbon dioxide or/and inorganic salts typically abandoned in natural drinking water.
- the medical food can be administered orally for a period of one day or longer and in amounts as prescribed by a physician which manages the diet and/or provides medical supervision.
- the medical food can be administered in amounts from 0.01 to 4.0 liters per subject per day.
- the term "subject" refers to any mammal. Preferably, the subject is a human. Other nonexclusive examples of such subjects include, but are not limited to, dog, cat, and horse.
- Table 1 shows that consumption of water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less significantly reduces tooth loss.
- the water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
- Table 2 shows that consumption of water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less significantly reduces complete tooth loss. Thus, the water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
- This example demonstrates process for preparation of water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
- the reducing deuterium content in a natural water includes steps as follows ( Figure 2): evaporating the natural water with deuterium content of C1 (150 ppm) in boiling means 1 at 60°C and pressure 0.2 bars to produce water vapor; supplying the water vapor to the bottom 2 of distillation column 3; carrying out vapor-liquid contact between a descending liquid and an ascending vapor mainly on the surface of the packing 4 within the distillation column; condensing water vapor with reduced deuterium content (C2) on condenser 5 installed on upper bound of the distillation column 3; and collecting a part of condensate as condensed water with reduced deuterium content of C2 (C2 ⁇ C1).
- water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm is prepared by mixing the water with reduced deuterium content (C2) and the natural water (C1) in certain proportions.
- Preparation of medical food calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in the water with certain deuterium content under room temperature and, then, resulted product is bottled bottles of 330 ml volume.
- the medical food is administered orally to subject at a high risk of tooth loss in daily amounts from 0.01 to 4 liters for the prevention of tooth loss.
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss and method of the dietary prevention of tooth loss comprising a step of administering to a subject in need thereof a water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm. Preferably, the water is a component of medical food, nutritional supplement, or beverage.
Description
WATER WITH LOW DEUTERIUM CONTENT FOR THE DIETARY PREVENTION OF TOOTH LOSS
Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention is in the field of food industry and healthcare. More specifically, the present invention relates to water with reduced deuterium content for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
Background of the invention
[0002] The presence of natural teeth provides the ability to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease, discomfort, or embarrassment. Tooth loss due to tooth decay or gum disease impairs dental function and quality of life. Periodontal disease is a leading cause of tooth loss in older adults. Martin JA, Page RC, Kaye EK, Hamed MT, Loeb CF. Periodontitis severity plus risk as a tooth loss predictor. J Periodontal 2009;80:202-9. 64% adults aged 65 years and older had either moderate or severe periodontitis and 40.4%) of them had loss of six or more of their natural teeth. Eke PI et ai, Prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: 2009 and 2010. J Dent Res. 2012 Oct; 91(10):914-20. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The State of Aging and Health in America 2013. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Dept of Health and Human Services; 2013. www.cdc.gov/aging. Thus, there is a great need in new safe and effective approaches to the prevention of tooth loss. [0003] Water is an essential nutrient. The natural water is a composition of nine water isotopologues (1H2 160, 1H2 170, 1H2 80, 1H1602H, 1H1702H, 1H1802H, 2H2 160, 2H2 170, 2H2 180) formed by stable isotopes of hydrogen 1H (protium) and 2H (deuterium) and oxygen (160, 170, and 80), wherein content of major water isotopologue 1H2 160 (herein referred to as H20) is 99.7317 molecular % (mol.%). The deuterium content in water samples can be measured by isotope mass-spectrometry and expressed as deuterium/protium ratio R=2H/1H, in ppm units, where 2H is the number of deuterium atoms, and 1H is the number of protium atoms. The deuterium
content in ocean water is 155 ppm (Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water 2, VSMOW2). The extremely low deuterium content of 89 ppm was found in water samples of unpopulated area in Antarctica (Standard Light Antarctic Precipitation 2, SLAP2). The deuterium is distributed between isotopologues as follows: 99.74% of deuterium forms the isotopologue 1H1602H and the rest of deuterium (0.26%) forms isotopologues 1H1802H, 1H1702H, 2H2 160, 2H2 70, and 2H2 180. Rothman er a/., J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radial Transfer, 1998, 60, 665. Rothman et ai, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radial Transfer, 2003, 82, p.9. R. Van Trigt. R. van Trigt. Laser Spectrometry for Stable Isotope Analysis of Water Biomedical and Paleoclimatological Applications. 2002, Groningen: University Library Groningen. The deuterium content in environmental water varies systematically across the continents due to isotopic fractionation accompanying the transport of water vapor from the ocean to the land. Kendall et al, Distribution of oxygen -18 and deuterium in river waters across the United States, Hydrol. Processes, 2001, 15(7): 1363-1393. Local tap waters have the same deuterium content as its local sources, e.g. rivers, lakes, and etc. Bowen et al., Stable isotope ratios of tap water in the contiguous USA. Water Resour. Res., 2007, 43, W03419. It has been demonstrated that the deuterium content of local tap water is a reasonable proxy for consumer's fluid intake. Chesson et al., Links between purchase location and stable isotope ratios of bottled water, soda, and beer in the United States. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2010, 58, 7311-7316. Given that a vast majority of people reside at places where deuterium content in tap water varies from 140 to 155 ppm, these people systematically consume fluids (drinking water, food, and beverages) having deuterium content within the range from 140 to 155 ppm. Given that the adequate intake for total water was 3.7 and 2.7 liters per day for men and women, respectively (Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services), people continuously consume deuterium-containing isotopologues as the obligate nutrient in amounts no less than 0.8-1.0 ml per subject per day.
[0004] We surprisingly found that deuterium-containing isotopologues are highly undesirable nutrients for people at risk of tooth loss and restriction of consumption of these isotopologues may represent a special medically determined nutrient requirement, the dietary management of which cannot be achieved by the modification of the normal diet alone. Thus, a restriction of daily consumption of the deuterium-containing isotopologues with drinking represents a novel approach to the dietary prevention of tooth loss. [0005] It is an object of the present invention is to provide a water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
[0006] It is an object of the present invention is to provide a method of the dietary prevention of tooth loss comprising a step of administering to a subject in need thereof a water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
Brief Description of the Drawing
Figure 1 shows the dependence of the percentage of adults aged 65 or older who have lost 6 or more of their natural teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease ("Tooth loss, %") on the deuterium content ("Deuterium content, ppm") in drinking water.
Figure 2 shows the dependence of the percentage of adults aged 65 or older who have lost all of their natural teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease ("Complete tooth loss, %") on the deuterium content ("Deuterium content, ppm") in drinking water.
Figure 3 shows the scheme of the process for preparing water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
Detailed Description of the Invention
[0007] The present invention provides a water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss. [0008] Further, the present invention provides a method of the dietary prevention of tooth loss comprising a step of administering to a subject in need thereof water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
[0009] In preferred embodiments of the invention, the deuterium content in the water is from 90 to 139 ppm.
[0010] In preferred embodiments of the invention, the water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm is prepared by a process comprising a step of reducing the deuterium content in the natural water. A vacuum distillation of natural water is a non-exclusive example of well-known industrial process, which reduces the deuterium content in the natural water.
[0011] As used herein, the term "deuterium content" refers to the amount of deuterium incorporated in water and expressed as deuterium/protium ratio R=2H/1H, in ppm units, where 2H is the number of deuterium atoms, and 1H is the number of hydrogen atoms. The deuterium content can be measured by isotope mass-spectrometry.
[0012] As used herein, the term "water" refers to a composition of isotopologues formed by stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the isotopes of hydrogen are 1H (protium) and 2H (deuterium), and wherein the isotopes of oxygen are 160, 170, and 80.
[0013] As used herein, the term "isotopologue" is in accordance with lUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2nd Edition (1997) and refers to a molecular entity that differs only in isotopic composition (number of isotopic substitutions). Examples of water isotopologues include 1H2 160, 1H2 170, 1H2 180, 1H1602H, 1H1702H, 1H1802H.2H2 160, 2H2 170, 2H2 180.
[0014] In practicing the invention, water with the deuterium content of 1 to 139 ppm may contain protium-containing isotopologues at levels of 99.700<1H2 6O<99.999 molecular %, 0.000<1H2 17O<0.050 molecular %, and 0.000<1 H2 80< 0.250 molecular %.
[0015] As used herein, the term "tooth loss" refers to loss of a natural tooth due to tooth decay or a gum disease, e.g. periodontal disease. [0016] As used herein, the term "prevention" refers to prophylactic administration of water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm to a subject at risk of tooth loss to prevent the tooth loss.
[0017] In preferred embodiments of the invention, water with the deuterium content of 1 to 139 ppm can be a component of a food composition.
[0018] In preferred embodiments of the invention, the food composition is selected from the group consisting of medical food, nutritional supplement, and beverage.
[0019] As used herein, the term "medical food" refers to a food which is formulated to be consumed or administered enterally under the supervision of a physician and which is intended for the specific dietary prevention of tooth loss.
[0020] The medical food of the invention may be prepared by well-known procedures using well-known optional ingredients. Such optional ingredients generally are used individually at levels from about 0.0005% to about 10.0%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 1.0% by weight of the composition. Examples of suitable optional ingredients include, but are not limited to, buffers, sweeteners, colorants, carriers, and etc.
[0021] In practicing the invention, the medical food is specially formulated and processed as a drink product. Such drink products include, but are not limited to, drinking water, beverage, and liquid food. The liquid medical food may be prepared by saturation of water with the deuterium content of 90 to 139 ppm by carbon dioxide or/and inorganic salts typically abandoned in natural drinking water. The examples of such salts include, but are not limited to, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, etc. [0022] In practicing the invention, the medical food can be administered orally for a period of one day or longer and in amounts as prescribed by a physician which manages the diet and/or provides medical supervision.
[0023] In practicing the method of the invention, the medical food can be administered in amounts from 0.01 to 4.0 liters per subject per day.
[0024] As used herein, the term "subject" refers to any mammal. Preferably, the subject is a human. Other nonexclusive examples of such subjects include, but are not limited to, dog, cat, and horse.
[0025] The following examples are presented to demonstrate the invention. The examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1
[0026] This example demonstrates that water with low deuterium content is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss. The percentage of US adults aged 65 or older, who have lost six or more teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease, for each state across US, was obtained from the report of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The State of Aging and Health in America 2013. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Dept of Health and Human Services; 2013. www.cdc.gov/aging. The deuterium contents of tap water across the US were obtained from Bowen GJ et al,
(2007), Stable isotope ratios of tap water in the contiguous United States, Water Resour. Res., 43, W03419. We performed the correlation analysis and found that there is a significant positive correlation (Pearson's r=0.48; p<0.002) between deuterium content in the water and the percentage of people who have lost six or more of their natural teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease. The percentage of people with the >6 teeth loss is increased by 0.73% per each 1 ppm of increase in deuterium content in the drinking water (Figure 1). This result evidently suggests that water with deuterium content 1<2H/1H≤139 ppm is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss. Further, we calculated the average percentage of people who have lost >6 teeth among consumers of either water with deuterium content 89<2H/1H<139 ppm or water with deuterium content 150<2H/ H<155 ppm. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA. Data are presented in Table 1 as percentage mean ± SEM of people who have lost six or more of their natural teeth ("Tooth loss, %").
Table 1
*Differs significantly from group 150< H<155 (p<0.005).
Table 1 shows that consumption of water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less significantly reduces tooth loss. Thus, the water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
Example 2
[0027] This example demonstrates that water with low deuterium content is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss. The percentage of US adults aged 65 or older, who have lost all of their natural teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease, for each state across US, was obtained from Division of Oral Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Available by http://www.cdc.gov/nohss/index.htm. The deuterium contents of tap water across the US were obtained from Bowen GJ et al, (2007), Stable isotope ratios of tap water in the contiguous United States, Water Resour. Res., 43, W03419. We performed the correlation
analysis and found that there is a significant positive correlation (Pearson's r=0.39; p<0.01 ) between deuterium content in the water and the percentage of people who have lost all of their natural teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease. The percentage of people with the complete teeth loss is increased by 0.41 % per each 1 ppm of increase in deuterium content in the drinking water (Figure 2). This result evidently suggests that water with deuterium content 1<2H/ H<139 ppm is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss. Further, we calculated the average percentage of people who have lost all of their teeth among consumers of either water with deuterium content 89<2H/1H≤139 ppm or water with deuterium content 150<2H/1 H<155 ppm. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA. Data are presented in Table 2 as percentage mean ± SEM of people who have lost all of their natural teeth ("Complete tooth loss, %").
Table 2
*Differs significantly from group 150< H/ H<155 (p<0.01 ).
Table 2 shows that consumption of water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less significantly reduces complete tooth loss. Thus, the water with deuterium content 139 ppm and less is useful for the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
Example 3
[0028] This example demonstrates process for preparation of water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm. The reducing deuterium content in a natural water includes steps as follows (Figure 2): evaporating the natural water with deuterium content of C1 (150 ppm) in boiling means 1 at 60°C and pressure 0.2 bars to produce water vapor; supplying the water vapor to the bottom 2 of distillation column 3; carrying out vapor-liquid contact between a descending liquid and an ascending vapor mainly on the surface of the packing 4 within the distillation column; condensing water vapor with reduced deuterium content (C2) on condenser 5 installed on upper bound of the distillation column 3; and collecting a part of
condensate as condensed water with reduced deuterium content of C2 (C2<C1). Finally, water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm is prepared by mixing the water with reduced deuterium content (C2) and the natural water (C1) in certain proportions. The deuterium content in resulting water is measured by isotope mass-spectrometry and expressed as deuterium/protium ratio R=2H/1H, where 2H is the number of deuterium atoms and 1H is the number of hydrogen atoms.
Example 4
[0029] This example demonstrates the use of water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm for preparing medical food for the dietary prevention of tooth loss (Table 3).
Table 3
Ingredient Content, wt %
Medica food 1
Water (deuterium content 39 ppm) 99.953
Calcium Chloride 0.015
Magnesium Chloride 0.007
Sodium Bicarbonate 0.025
Medica food 2
Water (deuterium content 90 ppm) 99.953
Calcium Chloride 0.015
Magnesium Chloride 0.007
Sodium Bicarbonate 0.025
Medica food 3
Water (deuterium content 1 ppm) 99.953
Calcium Chloride 0.015
Magnesium Chloride 0.007
Sodium Bicarbonate 0.025
Preparation of medical food: calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate are dissolved in the water with certain deuterium content under room temperature and, then, resulted product is bottled bottles of 330 ml volume. The medical food is administered orally to
subject at a high risk of tooth loss in daily amounts from 0.01 to 4 liters for the prevention of tooth loss.
Claims
1. A water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm for use in the dietary prevention of tooth loss.
2. The water of claim 1 , wherein said water is prepared by a process comprising a step of reducing deuterium content in the natural water.
3. The water of claim 1 , wherein the deuterium content is from 90 to 139 ppm.
4. The water of claim 1 , wherein said water is a component of a food composition.
5. The water of claim 4, wherein the food composition is selected from the group consisting of medical food, nutritional supplement, and beverage.
6. A method of the dietary prevention of tooth loss comprising a step of administering to a subject in need thereof water with deuterium content from 1 to 139 ppm.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said water is prepared by a process comprising a step of reducing deuterium content in the natural water.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the deuterium content is from 90 to 139 ppm.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein said water is a component of a food composition.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the food composition is selected from the group consisting of medical food, nutritional supplement, and beverage.
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EA014537B1 (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2010-12-30 | Тимантти Аб | Method for decreasing postprandial glucose excursion |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EA014537B1 (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2010-12-30 | Тимантти Аб | Method for decreasing postprandial glucose excursion |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| DZHIMAK S.S. ET AL.: "Vliyanie sverkhnizkikh kontsentratsiy deyteriya na protsessy svobodnoradikalnogo okisleniya u laboratornykh zhivotnykh.", 2012, pages 1, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.biophys.ru/archive/congress2012/proc-p73-d.htm> [retrieved on 20141112] * |
| HIRSCH ROBERT.: "Diabetes and periodontitis.", AUSTRALIAN PRESCRIBER, vol. 27, no. 2, April 2004 (2004-04-01), pages 36 - 37, XP055225374 * |
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