WO2015135489A1 - Precoding matrix index measurement device and method - Google Patents

Precoding matrix index measurement device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015135489A1
WO2015135489A1 PCT/CN2015/074111 CN2015074111W WO2015135489A1 WO 2015135489 A1 WO2015135489 A1 WO 2015135489A1 CN 2015074111 W CN2015074111 W CN 2015074111W WO 2015135489 A1 WO2015135489 A1 WO 2015135489A1
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transmission mode
base station
matrix
vector
quantization error
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PCT/CN2015/074111
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
夏欣
徐剑标
夏林峰
张哲�
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华为技术有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0636—Feedback format
    • H04B7/0639—Using selective indices, e.g. of a codebook, e.g. pre-distortion matrix index [PMI] or for beam selection

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus and method.
  • the downlink needs to support the multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmission mode and the single user multiple input multiple output (Single User Multiple Input). Multiple Output (SU-MIMO) transmission mode, where the MU-MIMO transmission mode is an important feature of downlink transmission in a multi-antenna system.
  • MU-MIMO multi-user multiple input multiple output
  • SU-MIMO Single User Multiple Input
  • Multiple Output (SU-MIMO) transmission mode where the MU-MIMO transmission mode is an important feature of downlink transmission in a multi-antenna system.
  • PMI Precoding Matrix Index
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • the eNB is enabled to accurately calculate the transmit beam weights of the respective data streams, thereby reducing interference between UEs and improving UE performance.
  • the following scheme is uniformly used to determine the PMI: first, perform a singular value decomposition operation on the channel matrix to generate a beamforming matrix, and calculate the beamforming matrix.
  • the inner product of the first column vector and each codebook vector in the codebook determines the codebook vector corresponding to the inner product with the largest value, and reports the sequence number of the codebook vector corresponding to the inner product with the largest value as the PMI.
  • the eNB because the quantization error of the PMI determined by the scheme is large, serious inter-UE interference is caused when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and the UE performance is significantly deteriorated.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus and method for calculating signals and signals in a case where it is determined that a current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the ratio of the quantization error of the track matrix to the noise, and the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station is determined according to the ratio, thereby solving the problem that the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, causing serious inter-UE interference and significantly degrading the UE performance.
  • the interference between UEs in the MU-MIMO transmission mode of the UE is reduced, and the performance of the UE is improved.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus, including:
  • a first determining module configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode
  • a calculating module configured to calculate a ratio of a quantization error and a noise of the signal to the channel matrix, if the first determining module determines that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode;
  • a second determining module configured to determine a precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal calculated by the calculating module to the channel matrix, so that the base station calculates according to the PMI Transmitting beam weights and weighting the transmit beam weights onto the data stream for transmission.
  • the calculating module is specifically configured to determine, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of a column vector space of the transposed matrix of the H,
  • the i-th vector in the set of the basis vector is represented as q i
  • the H is an M ⁇ N-dimensional channel matrix
  • M represents the number of receiving antennas
  • N represents the number of transmitting antennas
  • 1 ⁇ i ⁇ min(M,N),min( M, N) represents the minimum value in M and N
  • the matrix Q is determined according to min(M, N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set
  • the second determining module is specifically configured to use the j-th signal calculated according to the calculating module a ratio SQENR j of the quantization error of the H corresponding to c j , determining a maximum value of the maximum value max(SQENR j ); determining a number of the B codebook vectors corresponding to the max(SQENR j ) The sequence number j of j codebook vectors, and the j is reported to the PMI of the base station.
  • the calculating module is further configured to obtain, according to the calculation The ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal to the channel matrix, after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, according to the Calculating, by the receiving base station, a reception combining vector m j required by the base station to transmit the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is an inverse matrix of (HH H ), for a conjugate transposed matrix; performing MIMO decoding on the received data stream weighted by the base station and using the transmit beam weight according to the calculated m j .
  • the determining module is specifically configured to send according to the received base station
  • the instruction information determines whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, or determines whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode according to the detection algorithm.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding matrix index measurement method, including:
  • the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix;
  • the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the calculated signal to the channel matrix includes:
  • the And said the QE j calculating a ratio SQENR j and j-th signal corresponding to the C j H quantization error and noise, wherein, ⁇ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
  • determining, according to the calculated ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal and the channel matrix, the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station including:
  • any one of the first to the second possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in the third possible implementation, the calculating the signal and the channel matrix The ratio of the quantization error to the noise, after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, further includes:
  • the MU-MIMO transmission mode includes:
  • the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus and method by determining a current transmission Whether the transmission mode is a multi-user MIMO-MIMO transmission mode, and when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix, and determining the report according to the ratio
  • the precoding matrix of the base station indexes the PMI, so that the accurate PMI can be determined to be reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and weight the transmit beam weight to the data stream, thereby reducing the UE in the MU- Inter-UE interference in MIMO transmission mode improves UE performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the device in this embodiment is applicable to the case where the UE can report the accurate PMI to the base station, and the base station calculates the accurate transmit beam weight according to the PMI reported by the UE and weights the transmit beam weight to the data stream for transmission.
  • the device is typically implemented in hardware and/or software.
  • the apparatus of this embodiment includes the following modules: a first determining module 110, a calculating module 120, and a second determining module 130.
  • the first determining module 110 is configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MU-MIMO transmission mode; and the calculating module 120 is configured to: if the first determining module 110 determines that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, Calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix; the second determining module 130 is configured to determine a precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to a ratio of a quantization error and a noise of the signal calculated by the calculation module 120 to the channel matrix, So that the base station calculates the transmit beam weight according to the PMI and weights the transmit beam weight to the data stream for transmission.
  • the existing PMI measurement algorithm is mainly based on the assumption that the UE only performs the SU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the selection codebook is mainly aimed at maximizing the capacity of the UE itself, and does not consider the PMI required by the evolved base station in the case where the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the quantization error of the PMI except for the energy projection loss, will only cause inter-stream interference within a single UE, and the interference can be received at the receiving end of the UE. reduce.
  • the precoding matrix index measuring apparatus determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the transmit beam weights are weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
  • the precoding matrix index measuring apparatus determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal and a channel when determining that the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the transmit beam weight is weighted to transmit on the data stream, thereby reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
  • the calculation module 120 is specifically configured to determine, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of H, and an ith vector of the orthogonal base vector set.
  • H is an M ⁇ N-dimensional channel matrix
  • M represents the number of receiving antennas
  • N represents the number of transmitting antennas
  • 1 ⁇ i ⁇ min(M,N) represents the values in M and N.
  • the second determining module 130 configured according to a ratio SQENR j quantization error and noise calculation module 120 calculates the j-th signal obtained with the corresponding C j H, and the maximum value is determined The ratio max(SQENR j ); determines the sequence number j of the jth codebook vector in the B codebook vectors corresponding to max(SQENR j ), and uses j as the PMI reported to the base station.
  • the value of SQENR j is the largest, that is, the value of SQENR 3 is the largest, that is, the sequence number 3 of the third codebook vector in the B codebook vectors is reported as The PMI to the base station.
  • the calculating module 120 is further configured to: after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the calculated signal to the quantization error of the channel matrix and the noise, according to Calculating a reception combining vector m j required by the receiving base station to receive the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is the inverse matrix of (HH H ). for The conjugate transposed matrix; according to the calculated m j , performs MIMO decoding on the data stream that is transmitted by the receiving base station and weighted by the transmit beam weight.
  • the determining module 110 is specifically configured to determine, according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode, or determine whether the current transmission mode is determined according to the detection algorithm. It is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the apparatus of this embodiment includes: a first processor 210 and a second processor 220.
  • the first processor 210 is configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode; if it is determined that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error and noise of the signal and the channel matrix are calculated.
  • the second processor 220 is configured to determine, according to the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal calculated by the first processor 210 and the channel matrix, the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, so that the base station calculates the transmit beam according to the PMI. The weights are weighted and transmitted to the data stream for transmission.
  • the existing PMI measurement algorithm is mainly based on the assumption that the UE only performs the SU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the selection codebook is mainly aimed at maximizing the capacity of the UE itself, and does not consider the PMI required by the evolved base station in the case where the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the quantization error of the PMI except for the energy projection loss, will only cause inter-stream interference within a single UE, and the interference can be received at the receiving end of the UE. reduce.
  • the quantization error of the PMI will cause serious inter-user interference, which is difficult to suppress at the UE receiving end.
  • the precoding matrix index measuring apparatus determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the transmit beam weights are weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
  • the precoding matrix index measuring apparatus determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal and a channel when determining that the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the weight is weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving the performance of the UE.
  • the first processor 210 is specifically configured to determine, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of H, and the i-th set of the orthogonal basis vector set.
  • the vector is represented as q i , H is the M ⁇ N-dimensional channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1 ⁇ i ⁇ min (M, N), and min (M, N) represents M and N
  • the minimum value in the matrix; according to the min(M,N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set, determine the matrix Q, Q is the N ⁇ min(M,N) dimensional matrix; according to the B codebook vectors in the codebook set Projection of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of the jth codebook vector c j to H, determining the direction vector of the equivalent channel with the smallest quantization error corresponding to c j And c j with Quantization error QE j , where QE j 1-
  • the second processor 220 is specifically configured according to a ratio SQENR j quantization error and noise of the first processor 210 of the j-th calculated signals corresponding to C j H determined taking the ratio of the maximum value max (SQENR j); determining max (SQENR j) corresponding to the codebook vectors in B j-th code vector of the present number j, j and reported as the PMI to the base station.
  • SQENR j max the maximum value max
  • the value of SQENR j is the largest, that is, the value of SQENR 3 is the largest, that is, the sequence number 3 of the third codebook vector in the B codebook vectors is reported as The PMI to the base station.
  • the first processor 210 is further configured to: after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the calculated signal to the quantization error of the channel matrix and the noise, according to Calculating a reception combining vector m j required by the receiving base station to receive the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is the inverse matrix of (HH H ). for The conjugate transposed matrix; according to the calculated m j , performs MIMO decoding on the data stream that is transmitted by the receiving base station and weighted by the transmit beam weight.
  • the first processor 210 is specifically configured to determine, according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode, or determine a current transmission according to the detection algorithm. Whether the mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the method in this embodiment is applicable to the UE being able to report an accurate PMI to the base station, so that the base station is configured according to the UE.
  • the reported PMI calculates the exact transmit beam weight and weights the transmit beam weights onto the data stream for transmission.
  • the method is performed by a precoding matrix index measuring device, which is typically implemented in hardware and/or software. Referring to FIG. 3, the method of this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode
  • the existing PMI measurement algorithm is mainly based on the assumption that the UE only performs the SU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the selection codebook is mainly aimed at maximizing the capacity of the UE itself, and does not consider the PMI required by the evolved base station in the case where the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the quantization error of the PMI except for the energy projection loss, will only cause inter-stream interference within a single UE, and the interference can be received at the receiving end of the UE. reduce.
  • the precoding matrix index measurement method determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-out MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the transmit beam weights are weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
  • the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input and multiple MU-MIMO transmission mode
  • determining whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix, And determining, according to the ratio, the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, so that the accurate PMI can be determined and reported to the base station, Enabling the base station to calculate an accurate transmit beam weight and weight the transmit beam weight to the data stream for transmission
  • the precoding matrix index measurement method determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-out MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal and a channel when determining that the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the weight is weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving the performance of the UE.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • determining whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode can be implemented as follows:
  • the i-th vector in the orthogonal basis vector set is represented as q i
  • H is an M ⁇ N-dimensional channel matrix
  • M represents the number of receiving antennas
  • N represents the number of transmitting antennas
  • min(M, N) represents the minimum value in M and N.
  • QE j 1-
  • , c j is an N ⁇ 1 dimensional vector
  • Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of Q
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B
  • B is the number of codebook vectors in the codebook set.
  • ⁇ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
  • the value of SQENR j is the largest, that is, the value of SQENR 3 is the largest, that is, the sequence number 3 of the third codebook vector in the B codebook vectors is reported as The PMI to the base station.
  • H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H
  • (HH H ) -1 is the inverse matrix of (HH H ). for Conjugate transposed matrix.
  • S490 Perform MIMO decoding on the data stream that is sent by the receiving base station and weighted by the transmit beam weight according to the calculated m j .
  • the precoding matrix index measurement method determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and determines the jth when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • Reference signal C j corresponding to H of the quantization error and noise ratio, and taking the maximum ratio corresponding to B codebook vector j-th codebook vector j as reported to the precoding matrix index PMI base station, thereby
  • the accurate PMI can be determined to be reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and weight the transmit beam weight to the data stream, thereby reducing the inter-UE interference when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide a precoding matrix index measurement device and method. The precoding matrix index measurement method of the present invention comprises: determining whether a current transmission mode is a multi user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmission mode; if it is determined that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating ratios of a signal to a quantization error and noise of a channel matrix; and determining a precoding matrix index (PMI) to be reported to a base station according to the calculated ratios of the signal to the quantization error and the noise of the channel matrix, so that the base station calculates a transmitting beam weight according to the PMI and adds the transmitting beam weight to a data stream for transmission. Because a more precise PMI is reported to the base station, the base station can calculate a precise transmitting beam weight according to the PMI, so that interference between UEs is reduced when the UEs are in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and performance of the UEs is improved.

Description

预编码矩阵索引测量装置和方法Precoding matrix index measuring device and method 技术领域Technical field
本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种预编码矩阵索引测量装置和方法。The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus and method.
背景技术Background technique
在长期演进(Long Term Evolution，简称LTE)系统中，下行需支持多用户多入多出(Multi User Multiple Input Multiple Output，简称MU-MIMO)传输模式和单用户多入多出(Single User Multiple Input Multiple Output，简称SU-MIMO)传输模式，其中，MU-MIMO传输模式是多天线系统中下行发射的重要特性，通过在相同的时频资源上采用空间维度复用传输不同用户的数据流，提高系统容量。然而，空分传输不同用户的数据流，需要用户(User Equipment，简称UE)设备能够向演进型基站(evolved NodeB，简称eNB)上报精确的预编码矩阵索引(Precoding Matrix Index，简称PMI)，以使eNB精确计算各个数据流的发射波束权值，从而减少UE间的干扰，提升UE性能。In the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, the downlink needs to support the multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmission mode and the single user multiple input multiple output (Single User Multiple Input). Multiple Output (SU-MIMO) transmission mode, where the MU-MIMO transmission mode is an important feature of downlink transmission in a multi-antenna system. By using spatial dimension multiplexing to transmit data streams of different users on the same time-frequency resource, System capacity. However, the user equipment (User Equipment, UE for short) can report an accurate Precoding Matrix Index (PMI) to the evolved NodeB (eNB). The eNB is enabled to accurately calculate the transmit beam weights of the respective data streams, thereby reducing interference between UEs and improving UE performance.
现有技术中，对于处于SU-MIMO传输模式和MU-MIMO传输模式的UE，统一采用如下方案确定PMI：首先对信道矩阵执行奇异值分解运算，以生成波束成形矩阵，并计算该波束成形矩阵的第一列向量与码本中的每个码本向量的内积，确定取值最大的内积对应的码本向量，将取值最大的内积对应的码本向量的序号作为PMI上报给eNB，然而由于该方案确定的PMI的量化误差大，在UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时会带来严重的UE间干扰，使UE性能显著恶化。In the prior art, for a UE in the SU-MIMO transmission mode and the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the following scheme is uniformly used to determine the PMI: first, perform a singular value decomposition operation on the channel matrix to generate a beamforming matrix, and calculate the beamforming matrix. The inner product of the first column vector and each codebook vector in the codebook determines the codebook vector corresponding to the inner product with the largest value, and reports the sequence number of the codebook vector corresponding to the inner product with the largest value as the PMI. The eNB, however, because the quantization error of the PMI determined by the scheme is large, serious inter-UE interference is caused when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and the UE performance is significantly deteriorated.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种预编码矩阵索引测量装置和方法，用于在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式的情况下，通过计算信号与信 道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据该比值确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而解决了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时造成严重的UE间干扰，使UE性能显著恶化的问题，降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。Embodiments of the present invention provide a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus and method for calculating signals and signals in a case where it is determined that a current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode. The ratio of the quantization error of the track matrix to the noise, and the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station is determined according to the ratio, thereby solving the problem that the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, causing serious inter-UE interference and significantly degrading the UE performance. The interference between UEs in the MU-MIMO transmission mode of the UE is reduced, and the performance of the UE is improved.
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种预编码矩阵索引测量装置，包括：In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus, including:
第一确定模块，用于确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式；a first determining module, configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode;
计算模块，用于若所述第一确定模块确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式，则计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值；a calculating module, configured to calculate a ratio of a quantization error and a noise of the signal to the channel matrix, if the first determining module determines that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode;
第二确定模块，用于根据所述计算模块计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，以使所述基站根据所述PMI计算发射波束权值并将所述发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射。a second determining module, configured to determine a precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal calculated by the calculating module to the channel matrix, so that the base station calculates according to the PMI Transmitting beam weights and weighting the transmit beam weights onto the data stream for transmission.
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述计算模块，具体用于根据信道矩阵H，确定所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的一正交基向量集，所述正交基向量集中的第i个向量表示为qi，所述H为M×N维信道矩阵，M表示接收天线数，N表示发射天线数，1≤i≤min(M，N)，min(M，N)表示取M与N中的最小值；根据所述正交基向量集中的min(M，N)个向量，确定矩阵Q，所述Q为N×min(M，N)维矩阵；根据码本集合中的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量cj到所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的投影，确定对应所述cj的量化误差最小的等效信道的方向向量
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000001
和所述cj与所述
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000002
的量化误差QEj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000003
QEj＝1-||QHcj||，所述cj为N×1维向量，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000004
为N×1维向量，QH为所述Q的共轭转置矩阵，j为大于等于1且小于等于B的整数，B为所述码本集 合中的码本向量的个数；根据所述cj、所述
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000005
和所述QEj，计算第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000006
σ2为接收天线的噪声。In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the calculating module is specifically configured to determine, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of a column vector space of the transposed matrix of the H, The i-th vector in the set of the basis vector is represented as q i , the H is an M×N-dimensional channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, and N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1≤i≤min(M,N),min( M, N) represents the minimum value in M and N; the matrix Q is determined according to min(M, N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set, and the Q is an N×min(M,N) dimensional matrix Determining the minimum quantization error corresponding to the c j according to the projection of the jth codebook vector c j of the B codebook vectors in the codebook set to the column vector space of the transposed matrix of the H Direction vector of the channel
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000001
And said c j and said
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000002
Quantization error QE j , where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000003
QE j =1-||Q H c j ||, the c j is an N×1 dimensional vector,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000004
An N×1 dimensional vector, Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of the Q, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B, and B is a number of codebook vectors in the codebook set; Said c j , said
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000005
And said the QE j, calculating a ratio SQENR j and j-th signal corresponding to the C j H quantization error and noise, wherein,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000006
σ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
根据第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述第二确定模块，具体用于根据所述计算模块计算得到的所述第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，确定取值最大的比值max(SQENRj)；确定与所述max(SQENRj)对应的所述B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j，并将所述j作为上报给基站的PMI。According to a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation, the second determining module is specifically configured to use the j-th signal calculated according to the calculating module a ratio SQENR j of the quantization error of the H corresponding to c j , determining a maximum value of the maximum value max(SQENR j ); determining a number of the B codebook vectors corresponding to the max(SQENR j ) The sequence number j of j codebook vectors, and the j is reported to the PMI of the base station.
根据第一方面、第一方面的第一种至第二种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述计算模块，还用于在所述根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI之后，根据所述
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000007
计算接收所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流所需的接收合并向量mj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000008
HH为所述H的共轭转置矩阵，(HHH)-1为(HHH)的逆矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000009
为
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000010
的共轭转置矩阵；根据计算的所述mj，对接收的所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流进行MIMO译码。According to the first aspect, any one of the first to the second possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation, the calculating module is further configured to obtain, according to the calculation The ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal to the channel matrix, after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, according to the
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000007
Calculating, by the receiving base station, a reception combining vector m j required by the base station to transmit the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000008
H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is an inverse matrix of (HH H ),
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000009
for
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000010
a conjugate transposed matrix; performing MIMO decoding on the received data stream weighted by the base station and using the transmit beam weight according to the calculated m j .
根据第一方面、第一方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述确定模块，具体用于根据接收的基站发送的指令信息，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，或者，根据检测算法确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。 According to the first aspect, any one of the first to the third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the determining module is specifically configured to send according to the received base station The instruction information determines whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, or determines whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode according to the detection algorithm.
第二方面，本发明实施例提供一种预编码矩阵索引测量方法，包括：In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a precoding matrix index measurement method, including:
确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式；Determining whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode;
若确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式，则计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值；If it is determined that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix;
根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，以使所述基站根据所述PMI计算发射波束权值并将所述发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射。Determining, according to the calculated ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal to the channel matrix, a precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, so that the base station calculates a transmit beam weight according to the PMI and the transmit beam weight The values are weighted onto the data stream for transmission.
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，包括：In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the calculated signal to the channel matrix includes:
根据信道矩阵H，确定所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的一正交基向量集，所述正交基向量集中的第i个向量表示为qi，所述H为M×N维信道矩阵，M表示接收天线数，N表示发射天线数，1≤i≤min(M，N)，min(M，N)表示取M与N中的最小值；Determining, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of column vector spaces of the transposed matrix of the H, the i-th vector in the orthogonal basis vector set is represented as q i , and the H is M×N-dimension Channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1 ≤ i ≤ min (M, N), and min (M, N) represents the minimum value of M and N;
根据所述正交基向量集中的min(M，N)个向量，确定矩阵Q，所述Q为N×min(M，N)维矩阵；Determining a matrix Q according to min(M,N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set, where Q is an N×min(M,N)-dimensional matrix;
根据码本集合中的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量cj到所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的投影，确定对应所述cj的量化误差最小的等效信道的方向向量
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000011
和所述cj与所述
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000012
的量化误差QEj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000013
QEj＝1-||QHcj||，所述cj为N×1维向量，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000014
为N×1维向量，QH为所述Q的共轭转置矩阵，j为大于等于1且小于等于B的整数，B为所述码本集合中的码本向量的个数；Determining an equivalent channel having a smallest quantization error corresponding to the c j according to a projection of a j-th codebook vector c j of the B codebook vectors in the codebook set to a column vector space of the transposed matrix of the H Direction vector
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000011
And said c j and said
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000012
Quantization error QE j , where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000013
QE j =1-||Q H c j ||, the c j is an N×1 dimensional vector,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000014
An N×1 dimensional vector, Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of the Q, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B, and B is a number of codebook vectors in the codebook set;
根据所述cj、所述
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000015
和所述QEj，计算第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000016
σ2为接收天线的噪声。According to the c j , the
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000015
And said the QE j, calculating a ratio SQENR j and j-th signal corresponding to the C j H quantization error and noise, wherein,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000016
σ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
根据第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式 中，所述根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，包括：According to a first possible implementation of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation And determining, according to the calculated ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal and the channel matrix, the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, including:
根据计算得到的所述第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，确定取值最大的比值max(SQENRj)；Determining a ratio max(SQENR j ) that is the largest value according to the calculated ratio j of the xth signal and the quantization error of the H corresponding to the c j SQENR j ;
确定与所述max(SQENRj)对应的所述B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j，并将所述j作为上报给基站的PMI。Determining the number j max (SQENR j) corresponding to the codebook vector B j-th codebook vector and the j as the PMI reported to the base station.
根据第二方面、第二方面的第一种至第二种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第三种可能的实现方式中，在所述根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI之后，还包括：According to the second aspect, any one of the first to the second possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in the third possible implementation, the calculating the signal and the channel matrix The ratio of the quantization error to the noise, after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, further includes:
根据所述
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000017
计算接收所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流所需的接收合并向量mj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000018
HH为所述H的共轭转置矩阵，(HHH)-1为(HHH)的逆矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000019
为
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000020
的共轭转置矩阵；According to the
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000017
Calculating, by the receiving base station, a reception combining vector m j required by the base station to transmit the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000018
H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is an inverse matrix of (HH H ),
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000019
for
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000020
Conjugate transposed matrix;
根据计算的所述mj，对接收的所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流进行MIMO译码。And performing MIMO decoding on the received data stream that is weighted by the transmit beam weight by the received base station according to the calculated m j .
根据第二方面、第二方面的第一种至第三种可能的实现方式中的任意一种，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，包括：According to the second aspect, any one of the first to the third possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in the fourth possible implementation manner, the determining whether the current transmission mode is multi-user multiple input The MU-MIMO transmission mode includes:
根据接收的基站发送的指令信息，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，或者，Determining whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, or
根据检测算法确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。It is determined according to the detection algorithm whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
本发明实施例预编码矩阵索引测量装置和方法，通过确定当前的传 输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。A precoding matrix index measuring apparatus and method according to an embodiment of the present invention, by determining a current transmission Whether the transmission mode is a multi-user MIMO-MIMO transmission mode, and when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix, and determining the report according to the ratio The precoding matrix of the base station indexes the PMI, so that the accurate PMI can be determined to be reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and weight the transmit beam weight to the data stream, thereby reducing the UE in the MU- Inter-UE interference in MIMO transmission mode improves UE performance.
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description of the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any creative work.
图1为本发明实施例一所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置100的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例二所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置200的结构示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例三所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量方法的流程图；3 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例四所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量方法的流程图。FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is a partial embodiment of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
图1为本发明实施例一所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置100的结构示意图。本实施例的装置适用于UE能够向基站上报精确的PMI，使基站根据UE上报的PMI计算出精确的发射波束权值并将发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射的情况。该装置通常以硬件和/或软件的方式来实现。 本实施例的装置包括如下模块：第一确定模块110、计算模块120和第二确定模块130。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The device in this embodiment is applicable to the case where the UE can report the accurate PMI to the base station, and the base station calculates the accurate transmit beam weight according to the PMI reported by the UE and weights the transmit beam weight to the data stream for transmission. The device is typically implemented in hardware and/or software. The apparatus of this embodiment includes the following modules: a first determining module 110, a calculating module 120, and a second determining module 130.
第一确定模块110用于确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式；计算模块120用于若第一确定模块110确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式，则计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值；第二确定模块130用于根据计算模块120计算得到的信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，以使基站根据PMI计算发射波束权值并将发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射。The first determining module 110 is configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MU-MIMO transmission mode; and the calculating module 120 is configured to: if the first determining module 110 determines that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, Calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix; the second determining module 130 is configured to determine a precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to a ratio of a quantization error and a noise of the signal calculated by the calculation module 120 to the channel matrix, So that the base station calculates the transmit beam weight according to the PMI and weights the transmit beam weight to the data stream for transmission.
现有的PMI测量算法，主要是以UE仅作SU-MIMO传输模式为假设。具体地，选择码本主要以最大化UE自身容量为目标，并没有考虑UE作为MU-MIMO传输模式的情况下，演进型基站需要的PMI。在UE作为SU-MIMO传输模式时，由于没有用户之间的干扰，PMI的量化误差除了能量投影损失外，只会带来单UE内部的流间干扰，该干扰可以在UE接收端通过接收算法降低。而UE作为MU-MIMO传输模式时，PMI的量化误差，会带来严重的用户间干扰，这个干扰在UE接收端难以抑制，使性能显著恶化。从系统级性能的角度，由于量化误差使用户调度算法中估算均衡后的SINR不够准确，可能导致用户配对不够优化，降低系统性能。而本实施例中提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。The existing PMI measurement algorithm is mainly based on the assumption that the UE only performs the SU-MIMO transmission mode. Specifically, the selection codebook is mainly aimed at maximizing the capacity of the UE itself, and does not consider the PMI required by the evolved base station in the case where the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode. When the UE is in the SU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error of the PMI, except for the energy projection loss, will only cause inter-stream interference within a single UE, and the interference can be received at the receiving end of the UE. reduce. When the UE is used as the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error of the PMI may cause serious inter-user interference, which is difficult to suppress at the receiving end of the UE, and the performance is significantly deteriorated. From the perspective of system level performance, the SINR estimated by the user scheduling algorithm is not accurate enough due to the quantization error, which may result in insufficient user matching and system performance. The precoding matrix index measuring apparatus provided in this embodiment determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode. And the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the channel matrix, and determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio, so that the accurate PMI can be determined and reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and The transmit beam weights are weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
本实施例提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将 该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。The precoding matrix index measuring apparatus provided in this embodiment determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal and a channel when determining that the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode. The ratio of the quantization error of the matrix to the noise, and determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio, so that the accurate PMI can be determined to be reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and The transmit beam weight is weighted to transmit on the data stream, thereby reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，计算模块120具体用于根据信道矩阵H，确定H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的一正交基向量集，正交基向量集中的第i个向量表示为qi，H为M×N维信道矩阵，M表示接收天线数，N表示发射天线数，1≤i≤min(M，N)，min(M，N)表示取M与N中的最小值；根据正交基向量集中的min(M，N)个向量，确定矩阵Q，Q为N×min(M，N)维矩阵；根据码本集合中的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量cj到H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的投影，确定对应cj的量化误差最小的等效信道的方向向量
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000021
和cj与
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000022
的量化误差QEj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000023
QEj＝1-||QHcj||，cj为N×1维向量，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000024
为N×1维向量，QH为Q的共轭转置矩阵，j为大于等于1且小于等于B的整数，B为码本集合中的码本向量的个数；根据cj、
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000025
和QEj，计算第j个信号与cj对应的H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000026
σ2为接收天线的噪声。Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the calculation module 120 is specifically configured to determine, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of H, and an ith vector of the orthogonal base vector set. Expressed as q i , H is an M×N-dimensional channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1≤i≤min(M,N), and min(M,N) represents the values in M and N. Minimum value; according to min(M,N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set, determine matrix Q, Q is N×min(M,N) dimensional matrix; according to the number of B codebook vectors in the codebook set Projection of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of j codebook vectors c j to H, determining the direction vector of the equivalent channel with the smallest quantization error corresponding to c j
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000021
And c j with
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000022
Quantization error QE j , where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000023
QE j =1-||Q H c j ||, c j is an N × 1 dimensional vector,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000024
Is an N×1 dimensional vector, Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of Q, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B, and B is the number of codebook vectors in the codebook set; according to c j ,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000025
And the QE j, calculating a ratio SQENR j and the quantization error of the j-th noise signals corresponding to C j H, wherein
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000026
σ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，第二确定模块130具体用于根据计算模块120计算得到的第j个信号与cj对应的H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，确定取值最大的比值max(SQENRj)；确定与max(SQENRj)对应的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j，并将j作为上报给基站的PMI。在此需要说明的是，例如如果在j等于3时，SQENRj的取值最大，也即SQENR3的取值最大，即将B个码本向量中的第3个码本向量的序号3作为上报给基站的PMI。Further, in the above embodiment, the second determining module 130 configured according to a ratio SQENR j quantization error and noise calculation module 120 calculates the j-th signal obtained with the corresponding C j H, and the maximum value is determined The ratio max(SQENR j ); determines the sequence number j of the jth codebook vector in the B codebook vectors corresponding to max(SQENR j ), and uses j as the PMI reported to the base station. It should be noted that, for example, if j is equal to 3, the value of SQENR j is the largest, that is, the value of SQENR 3 is the largest, that is, the sequence number 3 of the third codebook vector in the B codebook vectors is reported as The PMI to the base station.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，计算模块120还用于在根据计算得到的信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预 编码矩阵索引PMI之后，根据
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000027
计算接收基站发送的采用发射波束权值加权的数据流所需的接收合并向量mj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000028
HH为H的共轭转置矩阵，(HHH)-1为(HHH)的逆矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000029
为
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000030
的共轭转置矩阵；根据计算的mj，对接收的基站发送的采用发射波束权值加权的数据流进行MIMO译码。Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the calculating module 120 is further configured to: after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the calculated signal to the quantization error of the channel matrix and the noise, according to
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000027
Calculating a reception combining vector m j required by the receiving base station to receive the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000028
H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is the inverse matrix of (HH H ).
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000029
for
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000030
The conjugate transposed matrix; according to the calculated m j , performs MIMO decoding on the data stream that is transmitted by the receiving base station and weighted by the transmit beam weight.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，确定模块110具体用于根据接收的基站发送的指令信息，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，或者，根据检测算法确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the determining module 110 is specifically configured to determine, according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode, or determine whether the current transmission mode is determined according to the detection algorithm. It is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
图2为本发明实施例二所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置200的结构示意图。本实施例的装置包括：第一处理器210和第二处理器220。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a precoding matrix index measuring apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The apparatus of this embodiment includes: a first processor 210 and a second processor 220.
第一处理器210用于确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式；若确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式，则计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值；第二处理器220用于根据第一处理器210计算得到的信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，以使基站根据PMI计算发射波束权值并将发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射。The first processor 210 is configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode; if it is determined that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error and noise of the signal and the channel matrix are calculated. The second processor 220 is configured to determine, according to the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal calculated by the first processor 210 and the channel matrix, the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, so that the base station calculates the transmit beam according to the PMI. The weights are weighted and transmitted to the data stream for transmission.
现有的PMI测量算法，主要是以UE仅作SU-MIMO传输模式为假设。具体地，选择码本主要以最大化UE自身容量为目标，并没有考虑UE作为MU-MIMO传输模式的情况下，演进型基站需要的PMI。在UE作为SU-MIMO传输模式时，由于没有用户之间的干扰，PMI的量化误差除了能量投影损失外，只会带来单UE内部的流间干扰，该干扰可以在UE接收端通过接收算法降低。而UE作为MU-MIMO传输模式时，PMI的量化误差，会带来严重的用户间干扰，这个干扰在UE接收端难以抑 制，使性能显著恶化。从系统级性能的角度，由于量化误差使用户调度算法中估算均衡后的SINR不够准确，可能导致用户配对不够优化，降低系统性能。而本实施例中提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。The existing PMI measurement algorithm is mainly based on the assumption that the UE only performs the SU-MIMO transmission mode. Specifically, the selection codebook is mainly aimed at maximizing the capacity of the UE itself, and does not consider the PMI required by the evolved base station in the case where the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode. When the UE is in the SU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error of the PMI, except for the energy projection loss, will only cause inter-stream interference within a single UE, and the interference can be received at the receiving end of the UE. reduce. When the UE is used as the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error of the PMI will cause serious inter-user interference, which is difficult to suppress at the UE receiving end. System, making performance significantly worse. From the perspective of system level performance, the SINR estimated by the user scheduling algorithm is not accurate enough due to the quantization error, which may result in insufficient user matching and system performance. The precoding matrix index measuring apparatus provided in this embodiment determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode. And the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the channel matrix, and determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio, so that the accurate PMI can be determined and reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and The transmit beam weights are weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
本实施例提供的预编码矩阵索引测量装置，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。The precoding matrix index measuring apparatus provided in this embodiment determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal and a channel when determining that the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode. The ratio of the quantization error of the matrix to the noise, and determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio, so that the accurate PMI can be determined to be reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and the transmit beam The weight is weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving the performance of the UE.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，第一处理器210具体用于根据信道矩阵H，确定H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的一正交基向量集，正交基向量集中的第i个向量表示为qi，H为M×N维信道矩阵，M表示接收天线数，N表示发射天线数，1≤i≤min(M，N)，min(M，N)表示取M与N中的最小值；根据正交基向量集中的min(M，N)个向量，确定矩阵Q，Q为N×min(M，N)维矩阵；根据码本集合中的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量cj到H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的投影，确定对应cj的量化误差最小的等效信道的方向向量
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000031
和cj与
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000032
的量化误差QEj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000033
QEj＝1-||QHcj||，cj为N×1维向量，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000034
为N×1维向量，QH为Q的共轭转置矩阵，j为大于等于1且小于等于B的整数，B为码本集合中的码本向量的个数；根据cj、
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000035
和QEj，计算第j个信号与cj对应的 H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000036
σ2为接收天线的噪声。Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the first processor 210 is specifically configured to determine, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of H, and the i-th set of the orthogonal basis vector set. The vector is represented as q i , H is the M × N-dimensional channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1 ≤ i ≤ min (M, N), and min (M, N) represents M and N The minimum value in the matrix; according to the min(M,N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set, determine the matrix Q, Q is the N×min(M,N) dimensional matrix; according to the B codebook vectors in the codebook set Projection of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of the jth codebook vector c j to H, determining the direction vector of the equivalent channel with the smallest quantization error corresponding to c j
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000031
And c j with
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000032
Quantization error QE j , where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000033
QE j =1-||Q H c j ||, c j is an N × 1 dimensional vector,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000034
Is an N×1 dimensional vector, Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of Q, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B, and B is the number of codebook vectors in the codebook set; according to c j ,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000035
And the QE j, calculating a ratio SQENR j and the quantization error of the j-th noise signals corresponding to C j H, wherein
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000036
σ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，第二处理器220具体用于根据第一处理器210计算得到的第j个信号与cj对应的H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，确定取值最大的比值max(SQENRj)；确定与max(SQENRj)对应的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j，并将j作为上报给基站的PMI。在此需要说明的是，例如如果在j等于3时，SQENRj的取值最大，也即SQENR3的取值最大，即将B个码本向量中的第3个码本向量的序号3作为上报给基站的PMI。Further, in the above embodiment, the second processor 220 is specifically configured according to a ratio SQENR j quantization error and noise of the first processor 210 of the j-th calculated signals corresponding to C j H determined taking the ratio of the maximum value max (SQENR j); determining max (SQENR j) corresponding to the codebook vectors in B j-th code vector of the present number j, j and reported as the PMI to the base station. It should be noted that, for example, if j is equal to 3, the value of SQENR j is the largest, that is, the value of SQENR 3 is the largest, that is, the sequence number 3 of the third codebook vector in the B codebook vectors is reported as The PMI to the base station.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，第一处理器210还用于在根据计算得到的信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI之后，根据
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000037
计算接收基站发送的采用发射波束权值加权的数据流所需的接收合并向量mj，其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000038
HH为H的共轭转置矩阵，(HHH)-1为(HHH)的逆矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000039
为
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000040
的共轭转置矩阵；根据计算的mj，对接收的基站发送的采用发射波束权值加权的数据流进行MIMO译码。Further, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the first processor 210 is further configured to: after determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the calculated signal to the quantization error of the channel matrix and the noise, according to
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000037
Calculating a reception combining vector m j required by the receiving base station to receive the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000038
H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is the inverse matrix of (HH H ).
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000039
for
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000040
The conjugate transposed matrix; according to the calculated m j , performs MIMO decoding on the data stream that is transmitted by the receiving base station and weighted by the transmit beam weight.
进一步的，在上述实施例的基础上，第一处理器210具体用于根据接收的基站发送的指令信息，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，或者，根据检测算法确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。Further, based on the foregoing embodiment, the first processor 210 is specifically configured to determine, according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode, or determine a current transmission according to the detection algorithm. Whether the mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
图3为本发明实施例三所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量方法的流程图。本实施例的方法适用于UE能够向基站上报精确的PMI，使基站根据UE 上报的PMI计算出精确的发射波束权值并将发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射的情况。该方法由预编码矩阵索引测量装置执行，该装置通常以硬件和/或软件的方式来实现。参照图3，本实施例的方法包括如下步骤：FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The method in this embodiment is applicable to the UE being able to report an accurate PMI to the base station, so that the base station is configured according to the UE. The reported PMI calculates the exact transmit beam weight and weights the transmit beam weights onto the data stream for transmission. The method is performed by a precoding matrix index measuring device, which is typically implemented in hardware and/or software. Referring to FIG. 3, the method of this embodiment includes the following steps:
S310、确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。S310. Determine whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode.
S320、若确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式，则计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值。S320. If it is determined that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculate a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix.
S330、根据计算得到的信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，以使基站根据PMI计算发射波束权值并将发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射。S330. Determine a precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the calculated signal to the quantization error of the channel matrix and the noise, so that the base station calculates the transmit beam weight according to the PMI and weights the transmit beam weight to the data stream. Launch.
现有的PMI测量算法，主要是以UE仅作SU-MIMO传输模式为假设。具体地，选择码本主要以最大化UE自身容量为目标，并没有考虑UE作为MU-MIMO传输模式的情况下，演进型基站需要的PMI。在UE作为SU-MIMO传输模式时，由于没有用户之间的干扰，PMI的量化误差除了能量投影损失外，只会带来单UE内部的流间干扰，该干扰可以在UE接收端通过接收算法降低。而UE作为MU-MIMO传输模式时，PMI的量化误差，会带来严重的用户间干扰，这个干扰在UE接收端难以抑制，使性能显著恶化。从系统级性能的角度，由于量化误差使用户调度算法中估算均衡后的SINR不够准确，可能导致用户配对不够优化，降低系统性能。而本实施例中提供的预编码矩阵索引测量方法，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。The existing PMI measurement algorithm is mainly based on the assumption that the UE only performs the SU-MIMO transmission mode. Specifically, the selection codebook is mainly aimed at maximizing the capacity of the UE itself, and does not consider the PMI required by the evolved base station in the case where the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode. When the UE is in the SU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error of the PMI, except for the energy projection loss, will only cause inter-stream interference within a single UE, and the interference can be received at the receiving end of the UE. reduce. When the UE is used as the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the quantization error of the PMI may cause serious inter-user interference, which is difficult to suppress at the receiving end of the UE, and the performance is significantly deteriorated. From the perspective of system level performance, the SINR estimated by the user scheduling algorithm is not accurate enough due to the quantization error, which may result in insufficient user matching and system performance. The precoding matrix index measurement method provided in this embodiment determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-out MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode. And the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the channel matrix, and determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio, so that the accurate PMI can be determined and reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and The transmit beam weights are weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving UE performance.
具体的，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站， 使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射Specifically, by determining whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input and multiple MU-MIMO transmission mode, when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix, And determining, according to the ratio, the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station, so that the accurate PMI can be determined and reported to the base station, Enabling the base station to calculate an accurate transmit beam weight and weight the transmit beam weight to the data stream for transmission
本实施例提供的预编码矩阵索引测量方法，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，并根据比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。The precoding matrix index measurement method provided in this embodiment determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple-input multiple-out MU-MIMO transmission mode, and calculates a signal and a channel when determining that the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode. The ratio of the quantization error of the matrix to the noise, and determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio, so that the accurate PMI can be determined to be reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and the transmit beam The weight is weighted to transmit on the data stream, thus reducing interference between UEs when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, and improving the performance of the UE.
本实施例以上述实施例三为基础，进一步进行了优化，图4为本发明实施例四所提供的预编码矩阵索引测量方法的流程图。参照图4，本实施例的方法可以包括：The embodiment is further optimized based on the foregoing third embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a precoding matrix index measurement method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the method in this embodiment may include:
S410、确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。S410. Determine whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode.
举例来说，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，可以通过如下方式实现：For example, determining whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode can be implemented as follows:
根据接收的基站发送的指令信息，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，或者，根据检测算法确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。Determining whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, or determining whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode according to the detection algorithm.
S420、在确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式的情况下，根据信道矩阵H，确定H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的一正交基向量集。S420. Determine, in the case that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, determine an orthogonal basis vector set of the column vector space of the transposed matrix of H according to the channel matrix H.
其中，需要说明的是，正交基向量集中的第i个向量表示为qi，H为M×N维信道矩阵，M表示接收天线数，N表示发射天线数，1≤i≤min(M，N)，min(M，N)表示取M与N中的最小值。It should be noted that the i-th vector in the orthogonal basis vector set is represented as q i , H is an M×N-dimensional channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, and N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1≤i≤min(M , N), min(M, N) represents the minimum value in M and N.
S430、根据正交基向量集中的min(M，N)个向量，确定矩阵Q，Q为N×min(M，N)维矩阵。S430. Determine a matrix Q and Q as an N×min(M,N) dimensional matrix according to min(M,N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set.
需要说明的是，矩阵Q可以表示为Q＝[q1q2q3……qmin(M,N)]。It should be noted that the matrix Q can be expressed as Q=[q 1 q 2 q 3 . . . q min(M,N) ].
S440、根据码本集合中的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量cj到H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的投影，确定对应cj的量化误差最小的等效信道的方向向量
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000041
和cj与
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000042
的量化误差QEj。 S440. Determine, according to a projection of a column vector space of a transposed matrix of the jth codebook vector cj to H in the B codebook vectors in the codebook set, determine a direction of an equivalent channel with a minimum quantization error corresponding to cj . vector
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000041
And c j with
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000042
The quantization error QE j .
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000043
QEj＝1-||QHcj||，cj为N×1维向量，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000044
为N×1维向量，QH为Q的共轭转置矩阵，j为大于等于1且小于等于B的整数，B为码本集合中的码本向量的个数。among them,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000043
QE j =1-||Q H c j ||, c j is an N × 1 dimensional vector,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000044
For an N×1 dimensional vector, Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of Q, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B, and B is the number of codebook vectors in the codebook set.
S450、根据cj、
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000045
和QEj，计算第j个信号与cj对应的H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj。S450, according to c j ,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000045
And QE j, calculating a ratio SQENR j and j-th signal C j H corresponding quantization error and noise.
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000046
σ2为接收天线的噪声。among them,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000046
σ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
S460、根据计算得到的第j个信号与cj对应的H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，确定取值最大的比值max(SQENRj)。S460, according to the ratio SQENR j j-th calculated signals corresponding to C j H quantization error and noise, determining the ratio of the maximum value max (SQENR j).
S470、确定与max(SQENRj)对应的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j，并将j作为上报给基站的PMI。S470, determining max (SQENR j) corresponding to the codebook vectors in B j-th code vector of the present number j, and j as the PMI reported to the base station.
在此需要说明的是，例如如果在j等于3时，SQENRj的取值最大，也即SQENR3的取值最大，即将B个码本向量中的第3个码本向量的序号3作为上报给基站的PMI。It should be noted that, for example, if j is equal to 3, the value of SQENR j is the largest, that is, the value of SQENR 3 is the largest, that is, the sequence number 3 of the third codebook vector in the B codebook vectors is reported as The PMI to the base station.
S480、根据
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000047
计算接收基站发送的采用发射波束权值加权的数据流所需的接收合并向量mj。S480, according to
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000047
The received combining vector m j required by the receiving base station to receive the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight is calculated.
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000048
HH为H的共轭转置矩阵，(HHH)-1为(HHH)的逆矩阵，
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000049
为
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000050
的共轭转置矩阵。among them,
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000048
H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is the inverse matrix of (HH H ).
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000049
for
Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-000050
Conjugate transposed matrix.
S490、根据计算的mj，对接收的基站发送的采用发射波束权值加权的数据流进行MIMO译码。S490: Perform MIMO decoding on the data stream that is sent by the receiving base station and weighted by the transmit beam weight according to the calculated m j .
本实施例提供的预编码矩阵索引测量方法，通过确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，在确定当前的传输模式是MU-MIMO传输模式时，计算第j个信号与cj对应的H的量化误差和噪声 的比值，并取最大的比值对应的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j作为上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，从而能够确定精确的PMI上报给基站，使基站能够计算出精确的发射波束权值并将该发射波束权值加权到数据流上发射，因此降低了UE处于MU-MIMO传输模式时UE间的干扰，提高了UE的性能。The precoding matrix index measurement method provided in this embodiment determines whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode, and determines the jth when determining that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode. Reference signal C j corresponding to H of the quantization error and noise ratio, and taking the maximum ratio corresponding to B codebook vector j-th codebook vector j as reported to the precoding matrix index PMI base station, thereby The accurate PMI can be determined to be reported to the base station, so that the base station can calculate the accurate transmit beam weight and weight the transmit beam weight to the data stream, thereby reducing the inter-UE interference when the UE is in the MU-MIMO transmission mode. Improve the performance of the UE.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps to implement the various method embodiments described above may be accomplished by hardware associated with the program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program, when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。 Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种预编码矩阵索引测量装置，其特征在于，包括：A precoding matrix index measuring device, comprising:
    第一确定模块，用于确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式；a first determining module, configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode;
    计算模块，用于若所述第一确定模块确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式，则计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值；a calculating module, configured to calculate a ratio of a quantization error and a noise of the signal to the channel matrix, if the first determining module determines that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode;
    第二确定模块，用于根据所述计算模块计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，以使所述基站根据所述PMI计算发射波束权值并将所述发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射。a second determining module, configured to determine a precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal calculated by the calculating module to the channel matrix, so that the base station calculates according to the PMI Transmitting beam weights and weighting the transmit beam weights onto the data stream for transmission.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述计算模块，具体用于根据信道矩阵H，确定所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的一正交基向量集，所述正交基向量集中的第i个向量表示为qi，所述H为M×N维信道矩阵，M表示接收天线数，N表示发射天线数，1≤i≤min(M，N)，min(M，N)表示取M与N中的最小值；根据所述正交基向量集中的min(M，N)个向量，确定矩阵Q，所述Q为N×min(M，N)维矩阵；根据码本集合中的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量cj到所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的投影，确定对应所述cj的量化误差最小的等效信道的方向向量
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100001
    和所述cj与所述
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100002
    的量化误差QEj，其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100003
    QEj＝1-||QHcj||，所述cj为N×1维向量，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100004
    为N×1维向量，QH为所述Q的共轭转置矩阵，j为大于等于1且小于等于B的整数，B为所述码本集合中的码本向量的个数；根据所述cj、所述
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100005
    和所述QEj，计算第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100006
    σ2为接收天线的噪声。    The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the calculating module is specifically configured to determine, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of a column vector space of the transposed matrix of the H, the orthogonal The i-th vector in the base vector set is represented as q i , the H is an M×N-dimensional channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, and N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1≤i≤min(M,N),min(M , N) represents taking the minimum value of M and N; determining matrix Q according to min(M, N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set, the Q being an N×min(M,N)-dimensional matrix; Determining an equivalent channel having a smallest quantization error corresponding to the c j according to a projection of a j-th codebook vector c j of the B codebook vectors in the codebook set to a column vector space of the transposed matrix of the H Direction vector
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100001
    And said c j and said
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100002
    Quantization error QE j , where
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100003
    QE j =1-||Q H c j ||, the c j is an N×1 dimensional vector,
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100004
    An N×1 dimensional vector, Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of the Q, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B, and B is a number of codebook vectors in the codebook set; Said c j , said
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100005
    And said the QE j, calculating a ratio SQENR j and j-th signal corresponding to the C j H quantization error and noise, wherein,
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100006
     σ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二确定模块，具体用于根据所述计算模块计算得到的所述第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，确定取值最大的比值max(SQENRj)；确定与所述max(SQENRj)对应的所述B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j，并将所述j作为上报给基站的PMI。The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second determining module is used for the quantization error of the H calculated according to the calculation module in the j-th signal corresponding to C j a ratio SQENR j to the noise, determining a ratio max (SQENR j ) that is the largest value; determining a sequence number j of the jth codebook vector in the B codebook vectors corresponding to the max(SQENR j ), and The j is used as a PMI reported to the base station.
  4. 根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述计算模块，还用于在所述根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI之后，根据所述
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100007
    计算接收所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流所需的接收合并向量mj，其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100008
    HH为所述H的共轭转置矩阵，(HHH)-1为(HHH)的逆矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100009
    为
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100010
    的共轭转置矩阵；根据计算的所述mj，对接收的所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流进行MIMO译码。    The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the calculating module is further configured to determine, according to the calculated ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal and the channel matrix, After the precoding matrix index PMI for the base station, according to the
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100007
    Calculating, by the receiving base station, a reception combining vector m j required by the base station to transmit the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100008
    H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is an inverse matrix of (HH H ),
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100009
    for
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100010
    a conjugate transposed matrix; performing MIMO decoding on the received data stream weighted by the base station and using the transmit beam weight according to the calculated m j .
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定模块，具体用于根据接收的基站发送的指令信息，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，或者，根据检测算法确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determining module is configured to determine whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, or And determining, according to the detection algorithm, whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode.
  6. 一种预编码矩阵索引测量方法，其特征在于，包括：A precoding matrix index measurement method, comprising:
    确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式；Determining whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode;
    若确定当前的传输模式为MU-MIMO传输模式，则计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值；If it is determined that the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode, calculating a ratio of quantization error and noise of the signal to the channel matrix;
    根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确 定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，以使所述基站根据所述PMI计算发射波束权值并将所述发射波束权值加权到数据流上进行发射。According to the calculated ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal to the channel matrix, The precoding matrix index PMI is reported to the base station, so that the base station calculates a transmit beam weight according to the PMI and weights the transmit beam weight to the data stream for transmission.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述计算信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，包括：The method according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the calculation signal to the channel matrix comprises:
    根据信道矩阵H，确定所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的一正交基向量集，所述正交基向量集中的第i个向量表示为qi，所述H为M×N维信道矩阵，M表示接收天线数，N表示发射天线数，1≤i≤min(M，N)，min(M，N)表示取M与N中的最小值；Determining, according to the channel matrix H, an orthogonal basis vector set of column vector spaces of the transposed matrix of the H, the i-th vector in the orthogonal basis vector set is represented as q i , and the H is M×N-dimension Channel matrix, M represents the number of receiving antennas, N represents the number of transmitting antennas, 1 ≤ i ≤ min (M, N), and min (M, N) represents the minimum value of M and N;
    根据所述正交基向量集中的min(M，N)个向量，确定矩阵Q，所述Q为N×min(M，N)维矩阵；Determining a matrix Q according to min(M,N) vectors in the orthogonal basis vector set, where Q is an N×min(M,N)-dimensional matrix;
    根据码本集合中的B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量cj到所述H的转置矩阵的列向量空间的投影，确定对应所述cj的量化误差最小的等效信道的方向向量
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100011
    和所述cj与所述
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100012
    的量化误差QEj，其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100013
    QEj＝1-||QHcj||，所述cj为N×1维向量，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100014
    为N×1维向量，QH为所述Q的共轭转置矩阵，j为大于等于1且小于等于B的整数，B为所述码本集合中的码本向量的个数；    Determining an equivalent channel having a smallest quantization error corresponding to the c j according to a projection of a j-th codebook vector c j of the B codebook vectors in the codebook set to a column vector space of the transposed matrix of the H Direction vector
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100011
    And said c j and said
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100012
    Quantization error QE j , where
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100013
    QE j =1-||Q H c j ||, the c j is an N×1 dimensional vector,
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100014
    An N×1 dimensional vector, Q H is a conjugate transposed matrix of the Q, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to B, and B is a number of codebook vectors in the codebook set;
    根据所述cj、所述
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100015
    和所述QEj，计算第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100016
    σ2为接收天线的噪声。    According to the c j , the
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100015
    And said the QE j, calculating a ratio SQENR j and j-th signal corresponding to the C j H quantization error and noise, wherein,
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100016
    σ 2 is the noise of the receiving antenna.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI，包括：The method according to claim 7, wherein the determining the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station according to the calculated ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the channel matrix to the channel matrix comprises:
    根据计算得到的所述第j个信号与所述cj对应的所述H的量化误差和噪声的比值SQENRj，确定取值最大的比值max(SQENRj)；Determining a ratio max(SQENR j ) that is the largest value according to the calculated ratio j of the xth signal and the quantization error of the H corresponding to the c j SQENR j ;
    确定与所述max(SQENRj)对应的所述B个码本向量中的第j个码本向量的序号j，并将所述j作为上报给基站的PMI。 Determining the number j max (SQENR j) corresponding to the codebook vector B j-th codebook vector and the j as the PMI reported to the base station.
  9. 根据权利要求6～8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述根据计算得到的所述信号与信道矩阵的量化误差和噪声的比值，确定上报给基站的预编码矩阵索引PMI之后，还包括：The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the precoding matrix index PMI reported to the base station is determined based on the calculated ratio of the quantization error and the noise of the signal to the channel matrix. After that, it also includes:
    根据所述
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100017
    计算接收所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流所需的接收合并向量mj，其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100018
    HH为所述H的共轭转置矩阵，(HHH)-1为(HHH)的逆矩阵，
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100019
    为
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100020
    的共轭转置矩阵；    According to the
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100017
    Calculating, by the receiving base station, a reception combining vector m j required by the base station to transmit the data stream weighted by the transmit beam weight, where
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100018
    H H is the conjugate transposed matrix of H , and (HH H ) -1 is an inverse matrix of (HH H ),
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100019
    for
    Figure PCTCN2015074111-appb-100020
    Conjugate transposed matrix;
    根据计算的所述mj，对接收的所述基站发送的采用所述发射波束权值加权的数据流进行MIMO译码。And performing MIMO decoding on the received data stream that is weighted by the transmit beam weight by the received base station according to the calculated m j .
  10. 根据权利要求6～9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定当前的传输模式是否为多用户多入多出MU-MIMO传输模式，包括：The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the determining whether the current transmission mode is a multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO transmission mode comprises:
    根据接收的基站发送的指令信息，确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式，或者，Determining whether the current transmission mode is a MU-MIMO transmission mode according to the received instruction information sent by the base station, or
    根据检测算法确定当前的传输模式是否为MU-MIMO传输模式。 It is determined according to the detection algorithm whether the current transmission mode is the MU-MIMO transmission mode.
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