WO2015135168A1 - 一种兼容可控硅调光器的led驱动电路 - Google Patents

一种兼容可控硅调光器的led驱动电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015135168A1
WO2015135168A1 PCT/CN2014/073340 CN2014073340W WO2015135168A1 WO 2015135168 A1 WO2015135168 A1 WO 2015135168A1 CN 2014073340 W CN2014073340 W CN 2014073340W WO 2015135168 A1 WO2015135168 A1 WO 2015135168A1
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capacitor
module
voltage
thyristor
diode
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PCT/CN2014/073340
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English (en)
French (fr)
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叶军
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深圳普得技术有限公司
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Priority to CN201480073384.8A priority Critical patent/CN105935006B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/073340 priority patent/WO2015135168A1/zh
Publication of WO2015135168A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015135168A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/385—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using flyback topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/357—Driver circuits specially adapted for retrofit LED light sources
    • H05B45/3574—Emulating the electrical or functional characteristics of incandescent lamps
    • H05B45/3575—Emulating the electrical or functional characteristics of incandescent lamps by means of dummy loads or bleeder circuits, e.g. for dimmers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of LED technology, and in particular, to an LED driving circuit compatible with a thyristor dimmer.
  • the thyristor dimmer is a technology from the 1960s.
  • the thyristor dimmer 199 and the incandescent lamp are typically 200.
  • the thyristor dimmer 199 adjusts the output energy of the AC power source by automatically cutting the sine wave AC power, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the brightness of the incandescent lamp.
  • the thyristor dimmer is mainly designed based on the resistance characteristics of the incandescent lamp, and the LED lighting device mainly exhibits a capacitance characteristic.
  • the compatibility of LED lighting devices with thyristor dimmers has been a challenge in the LED lighting industry.
  • the driving voltage V and the driving current I have a linear relationship, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the thyristor dimmer matches the LED driver power supply best.
  • LED lighting devices mainly exhibit capacitive characteristics, that is, LEDs
  • the driver power supply typically uses a capacitor at the front end. Therefore, in conjunction with Figure 3, when the TRIAC dimmer is turned on, a spike 223 is generated at the drive current I.
  • the high current of this moment affects the thyristor dimmer on the one hand.
  • the LED drive power is matched, and when the LED illumination device does not match the TRIAC dimmer, the LED will flash. On the other hand, this moment of high current may also burn the thyristor dimmer.
  • inductor boosting voltage technology In order to better match LED lighting devices with thyristor dimmers, it is common to use inductor boosting voltage technology to make LEDs The resistance characteristics of the lighting device are greatly improved.
  • the voltage on the thyristor dimmer rises to a larger value before it is turned on.
  • the inductor L0 when there is an AC input, the inductor L0 is intermittently charged and discharged, and the inductor L0 It is possible to generate a voltage higher than the AC input.
  • this voltage is higher than the voltage of the capacitor CB2, the voltage on the capacitor CB2 also rises.
  • the AC input is basically 0, then the inductor L0 The charging and discharging are stopped to be in a conducting state to provide a latching current of the thyristor dimmer, and at the same time, the driving circuit is temporarily stopped. In this state, the capacitor CB2 The voltage on it is maintained at a higher voltage.
  • the thyristor dimmer is turned on again, since the voltage on the capacitor CB2 is higher than the voltage at the AC input, the AC input will not be on the capacitor CB2.
  • This boosting method improves the thyristor dimmer and LED Drive power compatibility, however, this method contains high inductance, large size, and complicated circuit. In addition, due to the magnetic leakage and internal impedance of the inductor, a large part of energy is lost, resulting in overall power efficiency. not tall.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a compatible thyristor dimming with low cost, small size, simple circuit and high efficiency for the above-mentioned defects of high cost, large volume, complicated circuit and low efficiency in the prior art.
  • LED Drive circuit .
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to construct an LED driving circuit compatible with the thyristor dimmer, and connect the LED The lamp group and the thyristor dimmer, the LED driving circuit comprises: a rectifier module, a capacitor boosting module, a conversion module, a voltage sampling module, a dummy load module, a driving chip and a first switching tube, and the capacitor boosting module At least include a first capacitor and a second capacitor, wherein
  • the rectifier module is configured to rectify an AC voltage after passing through the thyristor dimmer, and to be the first capacitor and the second capacitor Charging, and providing a driving voltage to the LED lamp group through the second capacitor;
  • the voltage sampling module is configured to sample the rectified voltage
  • a driving chip configured to pass the dummy load module to the thyristor when the sampled voltage is lower than a preset first threshold
  • the dimmer provides a latch current and turns off the first switch; when the sampled voltage is higher than a preset second threshold, the stop is the thyristor
  • the dimmer provides a latching current and controls operation of the first switching transistor to couple the driving voltage to the LED lamp set through the conversion module;
  • the first capacitor charges the second capacitor before the thyristor dimmer is turned on to boost the driving voltage.
  • the driving is performed before the thyristor dimmer is turned on.
  • the sum of the current required to operate the chip, the leakage current, and the leakage current of the first switching transistor is lower than the charging current at which the first capacitor charges the second capacitor.
  • the capacitor boosting module further includes a first resistor, a first diode, and a second diode, and the anode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode are connected in parallel to the rectifier module a positive output terminal, a cathode of the second diode is connected to the conversion module, a second capacitor is connected between a cathode of the second diode and ground, and the first resistor is connected to the Between the negative electrode of the first diode and the negative electrode of the second diode, the first capacitor is connected between the negative electrode of the first diode and the ground.
  • the rectifying module Charging the first capacitor and the second capacitor through the first diode and the second diode, respectively;
  • the first capacitor charges the second capacitor through the first resistor before the thyristor dimmer is turned on again.
  • the first diode and the second diode are respectively configured to prevent a voltage of the first capacitor and a voltage of the second capacitor from flowing backward into the rectifier module.
  • the capacitance of the first capacitor is greater than the capacitance of the second capacitor.
  • the rectifying module when the thyristor dimmer is turned on, the rectifying module is opposite to the first capacitor The charging current for charging is less than the charging current for charging the second capacitor.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a prior art thyristor dimmer and an incandescent lamp
  • Figure 2 is a graph of the driving voltage V and the driving current I under ideal conditions
  • Figure 3 is a graph of driving voltage V and driving current I in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a boosting module in an LED driving circuit in the prior art
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 1 of the LED driving circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a graph of the drive drive voltage V and the drive current I in Figure 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of an LED driving circuit of the present invention, the LED driving circuit including a rectifying module 111
  • the EMI filter 117 First, the input voltage of the AC power source is filtered. Then, the thyristor dimmer (not shown) cuts the waveform of the filtered AC voltage, and the processed AC voltage is sent to the rectifier module 111.
  • Rectifier module 111 It is a diode rectifier bridge composed of diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, which is used to rectify the AC voltage after the thyristor dimmer to provide the driving voltage for the LED group.
  • Voltage sampling module 116 is used to sample the rectified voltage.
  • the driving chip 113 is configured to use the dummy load module 114 as a thyristor when the sampled voltage is lower than a preset first threshold.
  • the dimmer provides a latch current and turns off the first switch M1; when the sampled voltage is higher than a preset second threshold, the stop is a thyristor
  • the dimmer provides a latching current and controls operation of the first switching transistor M1 to couple the driving voltage to the LED light group through the conversion module 115.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold may be the same or different.
  • the anode of the first diode DB1 and the anode of the second diode DB2 are connected in parallel with the positive output terminal of the rectifier module 111, and the cathode of the second diode DB2 is connected to the converter module 115.
  • the second capacitor CB2 is connected between the cathode of the second diode DB2 and the ground, and the first resistor RB1 is connected between the cathode of the first diode DB1 and the cathode of the second diode DB2, and the first capacitor CB1 is connected Between the cathode of the first diode DB1 and the ground, and the first capacitor The capacitance value of CB1 is greater than the capacitance value of the second capacitor CB2.
  • the connection point of the second resistor R10 and the third resistor R11 is connected to the voltage sampling terminal (VR) of the driving chip 113.
  • the fourth resistor RD1 The first end of the fourth thyristor RD1 is connected to the first end of the rectifier module, and the second end of the fourth resistor RD1 is passed through the third capacitor CD1
  • the second output end of the thyristor dimmer is connected to the second input end of the rectifier module, and the control end of the second switch tube M0 is connected to the latch current control end (BLDR) of the driving chip 113, and the second switch tube M0
  • the first end of the second switch tube M0 is grounded through the twelfth resistor RB connected to the positive output terminal of the rectifier module.
  • the driving control end (Gate) of the driving chip 113 is connected to the control end of the first switching tube M1, and the first switching tube M1
  • the first end is connected to the conversion module, the second end of the first switch M1 is grounded through the fifth resistor R7, and the second end of the first switch M1 is further connected to the current sampling end (VCS) of the drive chip 113.
  • VCS current sampling end
  • the driver chip 113 can select a chip with low power consumption.
  • the first end of the sixth resistor R5 is respectively connected to the negative pole of the second diode DB2 and the isolation transformer T1
  • the second end of the sixth primary winding R5 is connected to the negative pole of the third diode D5 through the seventh resistor R6, and the positive pole of the third diode D5 is respectively connected to the isolation transformer T1.
  • the first end of the first primary winding and the first end of the first switch M1; the same end of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer T1 is connected to the negative pole of the LED lamp set, the isolation transformer T1
  • the opposite end of the secondary winding is connected to the positive pole of the fourth diode D7, the negative terminal of the fourth diode D7 is connected to the positive pole of the LED light group, and the fifth capacitor C5 and the eighth resistor R8 are connected to the LED Between the positive and negative poles of the lamp set.
  • the conversion module can also couple energy to the driver chip 113 to drive the chip 113 during normal operation. powered by.
  • the conversion module further includes a ninth resistor R2, a tenth resistor R3, a sixth capacitor C2, and a fifth diode D6, and the same name end of the second primary winding of the isolation transformer T1 is grounded, and the isolation transformer The second primary winding of T1 is terminated by the negative terminal of the fifth diode D6, the negative terminal of the fifth diode D6 is grounded through the sixth capacitor C2, and the negative terminal of the fifth diode D6 is also connected to the driving chip 113.
  • the power supply terminal, the ninth resistor R2 and the tenth resistor R3 are connected in series between the different end of the second primary winding of the isolation transformer T1 and the ground, and the connection point of the ninth resistor R2 and the tenth resistor R3 passes through the thirteenth resistor.
  • R15 is connected to the voltage feedback terminal (FB) of the driver chip 113.
  • the LED driving circuit further includes an eleventh resistor R17, and the eleventh resistor R17 is connected to the positive output end of the rectifier module and the driving chip Between the power terminals (VCC) of 113, it is used to power the driver chip 113 at power-on.
  • the working principle of the driving circuit is described below: when the thyristor dimmer is turned on for the first time, the AC voltage is passed through the EMI filter. After filtering and thyristor dimmer processing, it is sent to rectifier module 111 for rectification to output DC voltage.
  • the second resistor R10 and the third resistor R11 divide the rectified DC voltage, and then drive the chip 113 Sampling the voltage on the third resistor R11, and turning off the second switch M0 through its latch current control terminal (B LDR), and controlling the first switch M1 through its drive control terminal (Gate) normal work.
  • the rectifier module charges the first capacitor CB1 and the second capacitor (CB2) through the first diode DB1 and the second diode DB2, respectively, the first capacitor CB1
  • the voltage on the second capacitor CB2 (drive voltage VAC) will rise.
  • the capacitance value of the first capacitor CB 1 and/or the resistance value of the first resistor RB1 are large, the first capacitor CB 1
  • the upper voltage tends to a constant DC voltage and remains on the first capacitor CB 1 .
  • the driving chip 113 determines that the sampling voltage on the third resistor R11 is lower than the preset a first threshold and opening a second switch M0 through its latch current control terminal (B LDR ) to provide a latch current for the thyristor dimmer through the fourth resistor RD1 and the third capacitor CD1
  • the first switch M1 is turned off by its drive control terminal (Gate) to turn off the power supply of the LED light group.
  • the first capacitor CB1 will pass the first resistor RB1.
  • the second capacitor CB2 is charged.
  • the voltage VAC of the second capacitor CB2 is boosted to a higher voltage value before the next turn-on of the thyristor dimmer.
  • the driving voltage VAC of the LED lamp group gradually increased from the set threshold 236 until a large voltage value 235 was reached.
  • the first diode The DB1 and the second diode DB2 are respectively used to prevent the voltage of the first capacitor CB1 and the voltage of the second capacitor CB2 from flowing back into the rectifier module.
  • the TRIAC dimmer When the TRIAC dimmer is turned on again, for example, at t0, the AC voltage is passed through the EMI filter. After filtering and thyristor dimmer processing, it is sent to rectifier module 111 for rectification to output DC voltage.
  • the second resistor R10 and the third resistor R11 divide the rectified DC voltage and sample the third resistor The voltage on R11, then, the driving chip 113 samples the voltage on the third resistor R11, and latches the current control terminal (B LDR) when the sampling voltage is higher than the preset second threshold
  • the second switch tube M0 is turned off, and the first switch tube M1 is controlled to operate at a certain duty ratio through its drive control end (Gate).
  • the thyristor dimmer has been boosted to a higher voltage before it is turned on.
  • the characteristics of the LED driver circuit exhibit resistance characteristics, thus improving the compatibility of the thyristor dimmer with the LED driver circuit.
  • silicon The dimmer does not generate a large current at the instant of conduction.
  • this capacitor boosting module saves inductance compared to the prior art, The cost is lower, the volume is smaller, the circuit is simple, and since there is no problem such as inductance leakage, the overall efficiency of the power supply is greatly improved.
  • the capacitor boosting module includes a first capacitor CB1 having a large capacitance value
  • the voltage on the second capacitor CB2 acts as the input voltage of the isolation transformer when the thyristor dimmer is turned on, the LED lamp group is powered, so that the rectifier module is opposite to the first capacitor CB1.
  • the charging current for charging is less than the charging current for charging the second capacitor CB2. Therefore, even if the rectifier module charges the large capacitance first capacitor CB1, it does not affect the power factor of the driving circuit. .
  • the isolation transformer T1 will be second
  • the energy of the capacitor CB2 is coupled to the LED lamp group, and the driving chip 113 controls the first switching transistor M1 according to the magnitude of the sampled voltage. Work to adjust the driving current of the LED group to achieve the purpose of adjusting the brightness. At the same time, the fifth resistor R7 feeds back the magnitude of the drive current to the driver chip.
  • the power supply of the driving chip 113 is realized by two parts. At the time of power-on, the eleventh resistor R17 takes power from the rectified DC voltage to supply power to the driving chip at the time of power-on. After the driving chip is stable, the second primary winding of the isolation transformer T1 Energy is coupled to the driver chip 113 to power the driver chip after stable operation.
  • a capacitor boosting module of other circuit configurations may be selected as long as it can implement the following functions. Then: After the power-on is stable (that is, the voltage of the first capacitor CB1 reaches a preset value), the first capacitor CB1 is the second capacitor CB2 before the thyristor dimmer is turned on. Charge to boost the drive voltage.
  • the conversion module can be implemented by using a non-isolated inductor in addition to the isolation transformer in the above embodiment. All of the above alternatives are within the scope of the invention.

Abstract

一种兼容可控硅调光器的LED驱动电路，包括：整流模块（111）、电容升压模块（112）、转换模块（115）、电压采样模块（116）、假负载模块（114）、驱动芯片（113）和第一开关管（M1），电容升压模块（112）至少包括第一电容（CB1）和第二电容（CB2），驱动芯片（113）用于在所采样的电压低于预设的第一阈值时，通过假负载模块（114）为可控硅调光器提供锁存电流，并关断第一开关管（M1），在所采样的电压高于预设的第二阈值时，停止为可控硅调光器提供锁存电流，并控制第一开关管（M1）工作，使驱动电压通过转换模块（115）耦合到LED灯组，而且，在上电稳定后，第一电容（CB1）在可控硅调光器导通前为第二电容（CB2）充电。该LED驱动电路提高了可控硅调光器与LED驱动电路的兼容性，在可控硅调光器导通的瞬间不会产生大电流。

Description

一种兼容可控硅调光器的LED驱动电路 技术领域
本发明涉及 LED 技术领域，尤其涉及一种兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路 。
背景技术
在全球低碳、绿色、环保的发展趋势下，随着 LED 技术的不断进步，LED 产品的应用领域逐步拓展，LED 照明也逐渐被人们接受。在传统照明领域，利用可控硅调光器（TRIAC）调节白炽灯的明暗在家居中十分普遍。LED 照明作为白炽灯和节能灯的替代产品，支持可控硅调光器成为LED 照明应用的重要需求。
可控硅调光器是源于上个世纪 60 年代的一种技术，结合图 1 ，通常将可控硅调光器199 与白炽灯 200 串联后接入交流电源，该可控硅调光器 199 通过自动切割正弦波交流电，调节交流电源的输出能量，从而达到调节白炽灯亮度的目的。
但是，由于可控硅调光器主要基于白炽灯的电阻特性来设计的，而 LED 照明器件主要呈现电容特性，因此， LED 照明器件与可控硅调光器的兼容性一直是 LED 照明行业的难题。理想（即完全兼容）情况下，驱动电压 V 和驱动电流 I 呈现线性关系，如图 2 所示，在这种情况下，可控硅调光器与 LED 驱动电源的匹配最好。但是，由于 LED 照明器件主要呈现电容特性，即， LED 驱动电源一般会在前端使用电容，所以，结合图 3 ，当可控硅调光器导通瞬间，驱动电流 I 上会产生一个尖峰 223 。这个瞬间的大电流一方面会影响可控硅调光器与 LED 驱动电源的匹配，而当 LED 照明器件与可控硅调光器匹配不好时， LED 灯会出现闪烁。另一方面，这个瞬间的大电流还有可能烧毁可控硅调光器。
为了使 LED 照明器件与可控硅调光器较好地匹配，目前通常采用了电感提升电压的技术，使得 LED 照明器件的电阻特性大大提高。例如，采用如图 4 所示的升压电路对驱动电压进行升压，使得电容 CB2 上的电压在可控硅调光器在开启前就升高到一个较大的值。具体为：当有交流电输入的时候，通过对电感 L0 进行间断地充放电，电感 L0 上就可以产生高于交流输入的电压。当这个电压高于电容 CB2 的电压时，电容 CB2 上的电压也会上升。当可控硅调光器关断时，交流输入基本为0 ，这时电感 L0 停止充放电，成导通状态，以提供可控硅调光器的锁存电流，同时，驱动电路暂时停止工作。在这种状态下，电容 CB2 上的电压保持在一个较高的电压上。当可控硅调光器再次导通的时候，由于电容 CB2 上的电压高于交流输入的电压，交流输入就不会对电容 CB2 充电，也就不会产生尖峰电流。这种升压方式虽然提高了可控硅调光器与 LED 驱动电源兼容性，但是，这种方式由于包含电感，因此，成本高、体积大、电路复杂，而且，由于电感有漏磁和内部阻抗等特性，有很大一部分能量会损失，造成电源整体效率不高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述成本高、体积大、电路复杂、效率低的缺陷，提供一种成本低、体积小、电路简单、效率高的 兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路 。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：构造一种兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，连接 LED 灯组及可控硅调光器，所述 LED 驱动电路包括：整流模块、电容升压模块、转换模块、电压采样模块、假负载模块、驱动芯片和第一开关管， 所述电容升压模块至少包括 第一电容 和 第二电容，其中，
所述整流模块，用于对经可控硅调光器后的交流电压进行整流，并为所述第一 电容 和 第二电容 充电，而且，通过所述第二电容 为所述 LED 灯组提供驱动电压；
所述电压采样模块，用于对整流后的电压进行采样；
驱动芯片，用于在所采样的电压 低于预设的第一阈值时，通过所述假负载模块为所述 可控硅 调光器提供锁存电流，并关断所述第一开关管；在所采样的电压高于预设的第二阈值时，停止为所述 可控硅 调光器提供锁存电流，并控制所述第一开关管工作，使所述驱动电压通过所述转换模块耦合到LED灯组 ；而且，
在上电稳定后， 所述第一电容 在可控硅调光器导通前 为所述 第二电容 充电，以提升驱动电压。
在本发明所述的兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路中，在可控硅调光器导通前， 所述驱动 芯片工作所需要的电流、漏电流及所述第一开关管的 漏电 流 的总和低于 所述第一电容为所述第二电容充电的充电电流 。
在本发明所述的兼容可控硅调光器的LED 驱动电路中， 所述电容升压模块还包括第一电阻、第一二极管和第二二极管，而且，所述第一二极管的正极和第二二极管的正极一并接所述整流模块的正输出端，所述第二二极管的负极接所述转换模块，所述第二电容连接在所述第二二极管的负极和地之间，所述第一电阻连接在所述第一二极管的负极和第二二极管的负极之间，所述第一电容连接在所述第一二极管的负极和地之间。
在本发明所述的兼容可控硅调光器的LED 驱动电路中，在可控硅调光器导通 时， 所述整流模块 分别通过所述第一二极管和所述第二二极管为所述第一 电容 和 第二电容充电 ；
在可控硅调光器再次导通前，所述第一电容通过所述第一电阻为所述 第二电容充电。
在本发明 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的LED 驱动电路中，所述第一二极管和所述第二二极管分别用于防止所述第一电容的电压和所述第二电容的电压反向流入所述整流模块。
在本发明 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的LED 驱动电路中， 所述第一电容的电容值大于所述第二电容的电容值。
在本发明 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的LED 驱动电路中，在可控硅调光器导通时，所述整流模块对所述第一 电容 进行充电的充电电流小于其对所述 第二电容 进行充电的充电电流。
实施本发明的技术方案，由于在可控硅调光器开启前 电容升压模块 中的第二电容 已经将驱动电压提升到一个较高的电压，该 LED 驱动电路的特性就呈现电阻特性，因此提高了可控硅调光器与 LED 驱动电路的兼容性，在可控硅 调光器导通的瞬间不会产生大电流。而且，这种电容升压模块相比现有的电感升压技术，由于省去了电感，所以 成本较低、体积较小、电路简单，而且，由于不存在漏磁等问题，所以大大提高了电源整体效率。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图 1 是现有技术中可控硅调光器与白炽灯的电路图；
图 2 是理想情况下驱动电压 V 和驱动电流 I 的曲线图；
图 3 是现有技术中驱动电压 V 和驱动电流 I 的曲线图；
图 4 是现有技术中 LED 驱动电路中的升压模块的电路图；
图 5 是本发明 LED 驱动电路实施例一的电路图；
图 6 是图 5 中驱动驱动电压 V 和驱动电流 I 的曲线图 。
具体实施方式
图 5 是本发明 LED 驱动电路实施例一的电路图，该 LED 驱动电路包括整流模块 111 、电容升压模块 112 、驱动芯片 113 、假负载模块 114 、转换模块 115 、电压采样模块 116 、第一开关管 M1 和 EMI 滤波器 117 。在该 LED 驱动电路中， EMI 滤波器 117 首先对交流电源的输入电压进行滤波，然后，可控硅调光器（未示出）对滤波后的交流电压的波形进行切割处理，处理后的交流电压被送入整流模块 111 。整流模块 111 为由二极管 D1 、 D2 、 D3 、 D4 组成的二极管整流桥，其用于对经可控硅调光器后的交流电压进行整流，为 LED 灯组提供驱动电压。电压采样模块 116 用于对整流后的电压进行采样。驱动芯片 113 用于在所采样的电压 低于 预设的 第一 阈值时，通过假负载模块 114 为 可控硅 调光器提供锁存电流，并关断第一开关管M1；在所采样的电压高于预设的 第二 阈值时，停止为可控硅 调光器提供锁存电流，并控制第一开关管M1工作，使驱动电压通过转换模块115耦合到LED灯组。 最后需说明的是，第一阈值和第二阈值可以相同也可不相同。
在电容升压模块112中，第一二极管DB1的正极和第二二极管DB2的正极一并接整流模块111的正输出端，第二二极管DB2的负极接转换模块115，第二电容CB2连接在第二二极管DB2的负极和地之间，第一电阻RB1连接在第一二极管DB1的负极和第二二极管DB2的负极之间，第一电容CB1连接在第一二极管DB1的负极和地之间，而且，第一电容 CB1 的电容值大于第二电容 CB2 的电容值 。
在电压采样模块 116 中，第二电阻 R10 和第三电阻 R11 串联在整流模块的正输出端和地之间，第二电阻 R10 和第三电阻 R11 的连接点接驱动芯片 113 的电压采样端（VR）。
在假负载模块 114 中，第四电阻 RD1 的第一端分别连接可控硅调光器的第一输出端及整流模块的第一输入端，第四电阻 RD1 的第二端通过第三电容 CD1 连接可控硅调光器的第二输出端及整流模块的第二输入端，第二开关管 M0 的控制端连接驱动芯片 113 的锁存电流控制端（ BLDR ），第二开关管 M0 的第一端通过第十二电阻 RB 接整流模块的正输出端，第二开关管 M0 的第二端接地。
驱动芯片 113 的驱动控制端（Gate）连接第一开关管 M1 的控制端，第一开关管 M1 的第一端连接转换模块，第一开关管 M1 的第二端通过第五电阻 R7 接地，而且，第一开关管 M1 的第二端还连接驱动芯片 113 的电流采样端（VCS）。 另外，优选地，在 可控硅调光器导通前 ，驱动 芯片 113 工作所需要的电流、漏电流及第一开关管 M1 的 漏电流的总和应 低于 第一电容CB1 为第二电容CB2 充电的充电 电流 。 这样，驱动芯片 113 可选用功耗低的芯片 。
在转换模块 115 中，第六电阻 R5 的第一端分别连接第二二极管 DB2 的负极及隔离变压器 T1 的第一原边绕组的同名端，第六电阻 R5 的第二端通过第七电阻 R6 连接第三二极管 D5 的负极，第三二极管 D5 的正极分别连接隔离变压器 T1 的第一原边绕组的异名端及第一开关管 M1 的第一端；隔离变压器 T1 的副边绕组的同名端连接 LED 灯组的负极，隔离变压器 T1 的副边绕组的异名端连接第四二极管 D7 的正极，第四二极管 D7 的负极连接 LED 灯组的正极，第五电容 C5 和第八电阻 R8 连接在 LED 灯组的正极和负极之间。
另外，该转换模块还可将能量耦合到驱动芯片 113 ，以在正常工作时为驱动芯片 113 供电。该转换模块还包括第九电阻 R2 、第十电阻 R3 、第六电容 C2 、第五二极管 D6 ，而且，隔离变压器 T1 的第二原边绕组的同名端接地，隔离变压器 T1 的第二原边绕组的异名端接第五二极管 D6 的正极，第五二极管 D6 的负极通过第六电容 C2 接地，第五二极管 D6 的负极还连接驱动芯片 113 的电源端，第九电阻 R2 和第十电阻 R3 串联在隔离变压器 T1 的第二原边绕组的异名端和地之间，第九电阻 R2 和第十电阻 R3 的连接点通过第十三电阻 R15 连接驱动芯片 113 的电压反馈端（FB）。
该 LED 驱动电路还包括第十一电阻 R17，第十一电阻 R17 连接在整流模块的正输出端和驱动芯片 113 的电源端（VCC）之间，用于在上电时为驱动芯片 113 供电。
下面说明该驱动电路的工作原理：当可控硅调光器第一次开启时，交流电压经 EMI 滤波器 11 7 滤波、可控硅调光器处理后，被送入整流模块 111 进行整流，以输出直流电压。第二电阻 R10 和第三电阻 R11 对整流后的直流电压进行分压，然后，驱动芯片 113 采样第三电阻 R11 上的电压，并 通过其锁存电流控制端（B LDR）关断第二开关管 M0 ，并通过其 驱动控制端（Gate）控制第一开关管 M1 正常工作。而且，此时，整流模块 分别通过第一二极管 DB1 和第二二极管 DB2 为第一电容CB1 和 第二电容（CB2） 充电， 第一 电容CB1 、第二电容 CB2 上的电压（驱动电压 VAC ）会升高。当第一电容 CB 1 的电容值和 / 或第一电阻 RB1 的电阻值较大时，第一电容 CB 1 上电压会趋于一个恒定的直流电压，并保持在 第一 电容 CB 1 上。
当可控硅 调光器关断时，交流输入基本为 0，驱动芯片113 判断第三电阻 R11 上的采样电压低于预设的 第一 阈值，并通过 其锁存电流控制端（ B LDR ）打开第二开关管 M0 ，以通过第四电阻 RD1 和 第三电容CD1 为 可控硅 调光器提供锁存电流 ，同时，通过其 驱动控制端（ Gate ）控制第一开关管 M1 关断，以关断 LED 灯组的供电。 在这种状态下，第一电容CB1 会通过第一电阻 RB1 对第二电容 CB2充电。在可控硅 调光器 下一次 导通之前，第 二 电容 CB2 的电压 VAC 会被提升到一个较高的电压值。如图 6 所示，在 t0 之前，可控硅 调光器虽然关断，但是LED灯组的驱动电压VAC从所设置的阈值236开始慢慢升高，直到达到一个较大的电压值235 。 另外， 第一二极管 DB1和第二二极管 DB2分别用于防止第一电容 CB1 的电压和第二电容 CB2 的电压反向流入整流模块。
当可控硅调光器再次开启时，例如，在 t0 时开启，交流电压经 EMI 滤波器 11 7 滤波、可控硅调光器处理后，被送入整流模块 111 进行整流，以输出直流电压。第二电阻 R10 和第三电阻 R11 对整流后的直流电压进行分压，并采样第三电阻 R11上的电压，然后，驱动芯片 113 采样第三电阻 R11 上的电压，在该采样电压高于预设的 第二 阈值时， 通过其锁存电流控制端（B LDR ）关断第二开关管 M0 ，并通过其 驱动控制端（Gate ）控制第一开关管 M1 按一定的占空比工作。而且，此时，由于 第 二 电容 CB 2 的电压 VAC 在可控硅调光器开启前已经被 提 升到一个较高的电压，该 LED 驱动电路的特性就呈现电阻特性，因此提高了可控硅 调光器与 LED 驱动电路的兼容性，在可控硅 调光器导通的瞬间不会产生大电流。而且，这种电容升压模块相比现有技术，由于省去了电感，因此， 成本较低、体积较小、电路简单，而且，由于不存在电感漏磁等问题，所以大大提高了电源整体效率。 而且，虽然该电容升压模块中包含电容值较大的第一电容 CB1 ，但由于 在 可控硅调光器导通时，仅第二电容 CB2 上的 电压 作为 隔离变压器的输入 电压， 以为 LED 灯组供电，使得 整流模块对第一电容CB1 进行充电的充电电流小于其对第二电容CB2 进行充电的充电电流 。 所以，即使整流模块对大容值的第一电容 CB1 充电，也不会影响 该 驱动电路的功率因数 。
另外，隔离变压器T1将 第二 电容CB2的能量耦合到LED灯组，而且，驱动芯片113根据所采样的电压的大小控制第一开关管M1 工作，以调节LED灯组的驱动电流，从而实现调节亮度的目的。同时，第五电阻R7将驱动电流的大小反馈至驱动芯片。
驱动芯片113的供电由两部分来实现，在刚上电时，第十一电阻R17从整流后的直流电压取电，以在上电时为驱动芯片供电。当驱动芯片工作稳定后，隔离变压器T1的第二原边绕组 将能量耦合到驱动芯片113，以在稳定工作后为驱动芯片供电。
以上只是本发明的一个具体实施例中，在其它实施例中，可选用其它电路结构的电容升压模块，只要其能实现以下功能 即可： 在 上电稳定（即，第一电容 CB1 的电压达到预设值）后，第一电容 CB1 在可控硅调光器导通前 为 第二电容CB2 充电以提升驱动电压。另外，转换模块除了用上述实施例中隔离变压器的方式实现外，还可选用非隔离式的电感来实现。以上的这些替代方式都在本发明的保护范围内。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，连接 LED 灯组及可控硅调光器，其特征在于，所述 LED 驱动电路包括：整流模块、 电容 升压模块、转换模块、电压采样模块、假负载模块、驱动芯片和第一开关管，所述电容升压模块至少包括第一电容和 第二电容，其中，
    所述整流模块，用于对经可控硅调光器后的交流电压进行整流， 并为所述第一电容和 第二电容充电，而且，通过所述第二电容为所述 LED 灯组提供驱动电压；
    所述电压采样模块，用于对整流后的电压进行采样；
    驱动芯片，用于在所采样的电压 低于 预设的 第一 阈值时，通过所述假负载模块为所述 可控硅 调光器提供锁存电流，并关断所述第一开关管；在所采样的电压高于预设的 第二 阈值时，停止 为所述 可控硅 调光器提供锁存电流，并控制所述第一开关管工作，使所述驱动电压通过所述转换模块耦合到LED灯组；而且，
    在上电稳定后， 所述第一电容 在可控硅调光器导通前为所述 第二电容充电，以提升驱动电压。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，其特征在于，在可控硅调光器导通前，所述驱动芯片工作所需要的电流、漏电流及所述第一开关管的漏电流的总和低于所述第一电容为所述第二电容充电的充电电流。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，其特征在于， 所述电容升压模块还包括第一电阻、第一二极管和第二二极管，而且，所述第一二极管的正极和第二二极管的正极一并接所述整流模块的正输出端，所述第二二极管的负极接所述转换模块，所述第二电容连接在所述第二二极管的负极和地之间，所述第一电阻连接在所述第一二极管的负极和第二二极管的负极之间，所述第一电容连接在所述第一二极管的负极和地之间。
  4. 根据权利要求 3 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，其特征在于，在可控硅调光器导通时，所述整流模块分别通过所述第一二极管和所述第二二极管为所述第一电容和第二电容充电；在可控硅调光器再次导通前， 所述第一电容通过所述第一电阻为所述 第二电容充电。
  5. 根据权利要求 3 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，其特征在于，所述第一二极管和所述第二二极管分别用于防止所述第一电容的电压和所述第二电容的电压反向流入所述整流模块。
  6. 根据权利要求 3 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，其特征在于，所述第一电容的电容值大于所述第二电容的电容值。
  7. 根据权利要求 3 所述的兼容可控硅调光器的 LED 驱动电路，其特征在于，在可控硅调光器导通时，所述整流模块对所述第一 电容进行充电的充电电流小于其对所述第二电容进行充电的充电电流。
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