WO2015131111A9 - Procédé électrocatalytique de coalescence et d'écumage de polluants dans des corps d'eau avant filtration - Google Patents

Procédé électrocatalytique de coalescence et d'écumage de polluants dans des corps d'eau avant filtration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015131111A9
WO2015131111A9 PCT/US2015/018116 US2015018116W WO2015131111A9 WO 2015131111 A9 WO2015131111 A9 WO 2015131111A9 US 2015018116 W US2015018116 W US 2015018116W WO 2015131111 A9 WO2015131111 A9 WO 2015131111A9
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
electro
pollutants
matrix
catalytic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/018116
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2015131111A1 (fr
Inventor
Nicholas Eckelberry
Original Assignee
OriginClear, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/632,846 external-priority patent/US20150191366A1/en
Application filed by OriginClear, Inc. filed Critical OriginClear, Inc.
Publication of WO2015131111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015131111A1/fr
Publication of WO2015131111A9 publication Critical patent/WO2015131111A9/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
    • C02F1/487—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields using high frequency electromagnetic fields, e.g. pulsed electromagnetic fields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F9/20—Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to water purification, and more particularly to a process for coalescing and skimming pollutants in water prior to filtration.
  • the present invention relates to water purification, and more particularly to a process for coalescing and skimming pollutants in water prior to filtration.
  • polluted water is first emulsified at micron level through a static mixer or other conveyance in order to increase contact zones within the matrix through micro-bubble mass transfer attributes.
  • the medium is then subjected to electro-magnetic pulses generated via catalytic multiple metal oxidizing anodes rods horizontally and centrally positioned in a cathode coated material tube generating an electric field in the matrix thereby coalescing particulates through catalytic reaction mechanisms.
  • the emulsified and charged product is then flowed to a flotation container comprised of a plurality of hydrogen and oxygen bubbles generated through a secondary set of electro-catalytic metal anodes and cathode rods at the bottom of the vessel which force the pollutants out of solution to the surface for ease of recovery.
  • the decontaminated water is then sent to filters for final polish and re-use or discharge.
  • Figure 1 shows a complete side view of the tubes, tank and recovery module.
  • U.S. Patent Application No. 13/865,097 which is incorporated in its entirety herein, disclose that algae cells can be separated from water using a two stage process comprising: an array of electrified reactor tubes that coalesce the algae within the water; wherein the algae may subsequently be flocculated in a tank and forced to rise to the top of the matrix through the generation of hydrogen and oxygen bubbles produced by a second set of electrified rods positioned at the bottom of the recovery tank.
  • the contact area between the anodes and cathodes may be increased by super-imposing another set of cathode rods on top of an anode which was itself suspended on a set of cathodes; thereby creating a dual electrification zone increasing the contact zones between the metals to affect an increase in the generation of H2 and 02 in the flocculation zone. In some embodiments this effected separation of hydrocarbons from spent water.
  • a combination of coalescing and flocculation has been found to be effective at solute extraction in an aqueous medium for organic compounds suspended within the matrix.
  • the systems and methods may be utilized in diverse applications. For example, some of the potential applications are discussed in 14/109,336.
  • the systems and methods may be utilized for removing compounds from water using a series of reactor tubes containing cathodes comprised of a mixed metal oxide.
  • the production of Hypochlorite through the device may be performed as a breakpoint chlorination device, effectively neutralizing ammonia compounds and pathogens with a pass through said reactor tubes (SSE).
  • anodes and/or cathodes may comprise various metal blends.
  • titanium may be coated with metals from the platinum group (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum), in varying blends such as ruthenium, palladium or iridium, rhodium and platinum and electrified.
  • ruthenium, rhodium, palladium or iridium, rhodium and platinum in varying blends such as ruthenium, palladium or iridium, rhodium and platinum and electrified.
  • ruthenium weighted blend may be used in the chlorine gas manufacturing industry to extract chlorine from sea-water and iridium weighted blends increase H2 production.
  • systems and methods comprise the generation of chlorine, in combination of electro-magnetic forces and vortexial contact zones, may be used to create an ionization process with organic material at the same moment in time as the HC1 generation, thus bringing into immediate and timely contact the solute and the chlorine in solution to affect coalescence of the solute within that matrix or in the case of ammonia, for example, the breaking of the NH bonds or the molecular destruction of prokaryote outer cell wall, but not the nuclei of single celled organisms, thus effectively destroying bacterium while preserving eukaryotes.
  • a process maybe the combination of electricity and platinum group metals multiple metal oxides (MMOs) within a body of water to catalyze the fluid rather than electro-chemically alter the water since there is no donation of ferrous or aluminum ions understood within the electro-coagulation and electrolytic arts as ion donors.
  • MMOs metal oxides
  • the process has the advantage of not adding metals to the matrix which then later have to be removed to comply with discharge water quality standards and also extend the useful life of cathodes thereby lowering operational costs.
  • coalescence or in the case of ammonia and other organic material: ionic transformation.
  • the optimization of this two staged electro-catalytic process has led to lowered operational costs and increased flow through capacity and engendered modification designed to affect specific organic compound such as hydrogen sulfide found in oil well produced water for example. And while transformation of H2S is predominantly featured as the organic compound on which these modifications are based, other organosulfur, covalent bonds and organic compounds suspended in a solution can be similarly affected.
  • COD chemical oxygen demand
  • BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
  • MMOs metals known as MMOs or multiple metal oxides composed of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum in varying blends. These metals are coated unto a substrate such as titanium for long life and electrical conductivity delivered as a positive charge which itself is understood to be a DC voltage applied in pulses and varying frequencies with adjustable voltage and high amperage.
  • the negative charge or cathode is delivered to a conductive material such as Ti, Stainless Steel or other material which completes the DC circuit within the matrix without metal donation.
  • micro-mixing and the resulting micro-spheres of product in solution at high pressure are combined at high pressure; increased in conductivity, lowering transit time of time to separation; provided the blending of the matrix is thorough and to a micron level at a percentage of the total flow of at least 30 to 100%.
  • This level of mixing creates dynamic conditions for increased interfacial area and bubble density which in turn decreases the amount of energy required to permeate and catalyze the medium.
  • a micro-bubble is a few hundred micrometers in diameter and has low rising velocity and high inner pressure. This pressure and implosion of its underlying cavity when brought into pressure equilibrium in a larger body of water exude tremendous force and creates a rise of a plurality of microbubbles which pulls solids out of solution forcing this material to the surface of the body of water.
  • This plurality of microbubbles discharged in a low pressure zone cavitate generating shock waves and force is added to the hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrified anode/cathodes at the bottom of the flotation tank and forces the rise of compounds hetero in solution to the top of the tank where they are skimmed off.
  • micro-flotation This method, named "micro-flotation" has not yet found wide application due to two major reasons: (1) the majority of series flotation plants (utilized primarily for minerals conditioning) usually have bubbles with dimensions over 200 micrometers, which is around one order of magnitude higher than the actual dimensions of aggregates; (2) conventional flotation plants where fine bubbles are generated (electro-flotation and dissolved air flotation) cannot ensure conditions for both efficient aggregation of particles and removal of bubbles loaded with contaminants from water, as the rising velocity of bubbles is very low.
  • the invention suggests that the mixture and the electrification occur prior to the flotation tank so that when it is disgorged, the rise in microbubble velocity is assisted by the electrolysis of the media which produce a plurality of H2 and 02 forcing the microbubbles to the top and in a second instance that the amount of flow micro-mixed is controlled to be a part or the whole of the flow. In this instance, a portion ranging from 10 to 100% of the flow is mixed in this manner and flowed into the main stream. This method appears to ensure a plurality of micro-mixed material transferring properties to the whole while mitigating the potential of over micro-mixing.
  • polluted water is entrained through a pump and subjected to a static mixer which partially to fully blends to micron level the slurry to which is added a percentage of the product of the upstream processed fluids which is then flowed under pressure into vortexial and tightly spaced electrified anodic and catalytic tubes which modify and increase the rate of the reaction between fluids.
  • the product is now discharged in a low pressure zone where the process of implosion of hydrodynamic cavitation and further flocculation generated by the underlying anodic generation of H2 and 02 which entrains now separated organic compounds to the top for ease of disposal.
  • micro-bubble is used to lower zeta potential 1 in long chain hydrocarbon rich water.
  • microbubbles do not seem to affect Zeta potential in distilled water
  • inorganic salts such as NaCl reduce the zeta potential and increases electrokinetic potential in colloidal systems, and as water injection in enhanced oil recovery systems (EOR) for the most part utilize saline water, this system is particularly suited for applications within the oil and gas industries where water is injected in formations to increase pressure and recover oil.
  • EOR enhanced oil recovery systems
  • Chlorine gas which can be used to deal with Biological fouling is a frequent problem whenever seawater or freshwater is used as cooling or process water for processes such as re-gasification of liquefied natural gas
  • LNG liquid nitrogen
  • refineries petrochemical plants, oil platforms, desalination and power plants.
  • Zeta potential is a scientific term for electrokinetic potential[l] in colloidal systems. From a theoretical viewpoint, the zeta potential is the electric potential in the interfacial double layer (DL) at the location of the slipping plane versus a point in the bulk fluid away from the interface. In other words, zeta potential is the potential difference between the dispersion medium and the stationary layer of fluid attached to the dispersed particle. A value of 25 mV (positive or negative) can be taken as the arbitrary value that separates low-charged surfaces from highly charged surfaces. Colloids with high zeta potential (negative or positive) are electrically stabilized while colloids with low zeta potentials tend to coagulate or flocculate as outlined in the table.
  • DL interfacial double layer
  • Bio-fouling reduces efficiency and safety of these processes by restricting cooling water flow in pipe runs and reducing heat transfer across heat exchangers and condensers. If it becomes severe enough, the plant will need to be shut down while the problem is remediated. This generated chlorine goes into solution and combines to become a hypochlorite.
  • This process effectively transforms the appliance into an enhanced hypochlorite generator which has value to the oil industry when the produced water is chlorinated and re-injected down-hole.
  • the recovery tank is not used, but rather the chlorinated water is flowed directly into piping or even down hole to mitigate H2S within the formation itself.
  • Blending in this manner has the potential to be used in two distinct settings to mitigate
  • H2S both in the water and the "cut", or potion of the produced water that contains the oil recovered from formation as it is known by the art that chlorination is one of the preferred methods of “sweetening " oil, ridding it of sulfur.
  • Chlorination is applied at high temperatures to avoid dissociation of the H2S into highly toxic components such as Hydrochloric and sulfuric acid. It is the contention that perhaps substituting pressure, pressure differentials and micro-emulsifying the product could perform a similar task as heat as increasing pressure also increase heat (Gay-Lussac' s Law), thereby ridding not only the water but the crude of H2S.
  • ratios In handling of pollutants, there are ratios that can be formulated depending on the type of product desired.
  • the ratio of micron-mixing can be adjusted so that a portion from 10-100% of the sum total is micro-mixed.
  • the addition of one or two sacrificial anodes can be implanted in lieu of MMO anodes for example when the conductivity of the material requires some ions to be present to perform electro-catalytic processes.
  • current densities require power than can be adjusted as to frequency where more H2 production is required for example 2.4 MHz is considered to be desirable. Other factors such adjustments in pulsing of the DC can be used to lower energy requirements.
  • the figure represents an embodiment of the invention as built recently to flow 150 liters/minute.
  • the polluted water (0) is entrained through hoses (1) to a pump (2) into which has been induced a percentage of the product of the end of the SSE tubes (3) the matrix, now judiciously injected with gases flows towards a static mixer (4) where the totality of the flow is micron-mixed thereby creating micro-emulsions, micro-bubbles and micron- gases it then flows to a sequence of tubes in which are placed horizontally and contain centrally embedded anodes in a cathode housing (5).
  • the electro-catalytic process whose direct current is supplied by power supply (7), regulated to parameters matching the values of the matrix, as to conductivity, pH and density.
  • the electrified blend is then disgorged into tank (6) where a set of anodes and cathodes (12) are horizontally placed at the bottom of the tank and electrified in order to produce H2 and 02 bubbles.
  • the micro-/emulsion/bubble mix implodes onto itself as a characteristic of cavitation implosion and this compels the pollutant to the surface where it is collected on a matt (8) for recovery.
  • the DAF industry standard rake and belt system An additional safety feature is the spark proof exhaust system (9) to exhaust any excess gases. The water now free of solids is then flowed through outlets (10).
  • the chlorinated flow (11) is discharged after the SSE s and not disgorged into the floatation tank (6).
  • the duality of the design allows for multiple uses within the same environment.
  • the micron mixture can be directly used in a field for example or in pipes to clean out anaerobic build up with the advantages inherent to micro-bubble implosion phenomenon such as shock and ultrasonic waves which optimize delivery chorine to these sites.
  • the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics.
  • the described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive.
  • the scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims, rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

De l'eau polluée est émulsifiée au niveau micrométrique afin d'augmenter des zones de contact à l'intérieur de la matrice au moyen d'attributs de transfert de masse de microbulles. Le milieu est ensuite soumis à des impulsions électromagnétiques générées par des tiges d'anodes d'oxydation de métaux multiples catalytiques positionnées de façon horizontale et centrale dans un tube de matériau revêtu cathodique générant un champ électrique CC dans la matrice de manière à coalescer des particules par l'intermédiaire de mécanismes de réaction catalytique. Le produit ionisé est coalescé est ensuite mis en circulation dans un récipient de flottation constitué d'une pluralité de bulles d'hydrogène et d'oxygène générées par un ensemble secondaire d'anodes métalliques électrocatalytiques et des tiges de cathode au fond de la cuve désormais imbriquées avec des micro-bulles de cavitation entraînent les polluants hors de la solution à la surface pour faciliter leur récupération. Ce procédé de manipulation de fluides réduit la charge de polluants sur la filtration finale de l'eau, ce qui permet d'optimiser l'écoulement à travers un milieu ou des membranes de filtration pour conformité aux lois relative au rejet des eaux.
PCT/US2015/018116 2014-02-27 2015-02-27 Procédé électrocatalytique de coalescence et d'écumage de polluants dans des corps d'eau avant filtration WO2015131111A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201461945687P 2014-02-27 2014-02-27
US61/945,687 2014-02-27
US14/632,846 2015-02-26
US14/632,846 US20150191366A1 (en) 2012-04-17 2015-02-26 Electro-catalytic process for coalescing and skimming pollutants in bodies of water prior to filtration

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WO2015131111A9 true WO2015131111A9 (fr) 2015-11-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109574168A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-05 宁波顺帆净水剂有限公司 一种可回收环保净水剂及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105254096B (zh) * 2015-10-10 2017-07-11 湖北宜化集团有限责任公司 一种造气含氨含氰含酚的循环水预处理方法及装置
CN112520921B (zh) * 2020-12-01 2023-07-25 华东理工大学 一种多物理场协同的含油污水处理方法和装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090145855A1 (en) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-11 Novapure Systems Inc. Water Purifier System and Method
RU2534125C2 (ru) * 2009-06-29 2014-11-27 Протергоу Инк. Способ электрохимической обработки сточных вод и устройство для его осуществления
US20130299434A1 (en) * 2012-01-30 2013-11-14 Jose Sanchez Removing Ammonia From Water
US20130228464A1 (en) * 2012-01-30 2013-09-05 Nicholas Eckelberry Harvesting and Dewatering Algae Using a Two-Stage Process
US20140014586A1 (en) * 2012-04-19 2014-01-16 Soane Energy, Llc Treatment of wastewater

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109574168A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-05 宁波顺帆净水剂有限公司 一种可回收环保净水剂及其制备方法
CN109574168B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2021-06-22 宁波顺帆净水剂有限公司 一种可回收环保净水剂及其制备方法

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