WO2015127643A1 - Procédé et nœud de communication pour apprendre une adresse de contrôle d'accès au support (mac) dans un réseau de communication de couche 2 - Google Patents

Procédé et nœud de communication pour apprendre une adresse de contrôle d'accès au support (mac) dans un réseau de communication de couche 2 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015127643A1
WO2015127643A1 PCT/CN2014/072675 CN2014072675W WO2015127643A1 WO 2015127643 A1 WO2015127643 A1 WO 2015127643A1 CN 2014072675 W CN2014072675 W CN 2014072675W WO 2015127643 A1 WO2015127643 A1 WO 2015127643A1
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Prior art keywords
mac address
vlans
vlan
communication node
port
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PCT/CN2014/072675
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English (en)
Inventor
Leiming DU
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Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)
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Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ)
Priority to PCT/CN2014/072675 priority Critical patent/WO2015127643A1/fr
Publication of WO2015127643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015127643A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H04L12/467—Arrangements for supporting untagged frames, e.g. port-based VLANs

Definitions

  • the present technology relates to the field of communication, particularly to a method for learning media access control (MAC) address for VLANs carried by a layer-2 communication network.
  • the technology also relates to a communication node, a computer program and a storage medium.
  • a single layer-2 network may be partitioned to create multiple distinct broadcast domains, which are mutually isolated so that packets can only pass between them via one or more routers; such a domain is referred to as a virtual local area network (VLAN).
  • VLAN virtual local area network
  • a number of VLANs are set up based on the layer-2 carrier network 100.
  • the switch in the layer-2 carrier network may serve one or more of the VLANs.
  • the physical ports of the switch are assigned to individual VLANs for use.
  • a port can be assigned to one or more VLANs.
  • the edge switch 110 serves three VLANs, VI, V2 and V3.
  • the ports PI and P2 of the edge switch 110 are assigned to the VLAN VI
  • the ports P2 and P3 of the edge switch 110 are assigned to the VLAN V2
  • the port P4 is assigned to VLAN V3.
  • a switch maintains a MAC address learning table for each served VLAN separately.
  • the MAC address learning table maps individual MAC addresses of the nodes in user network to the physical ports in the switch.
  • the mapping of a MAC address and a specific physical port is obtained by mapping the source MAC address in the packets received from the nodes with the specific physical port via which the packet is received, which is referred to as a MAC address learning.
  • a packet comprising a source MAC address is received via a specific port of the switch, then when the switch receives another packet with destination MAC address being equal to the source MAC address, the switch should send out the another packet via the specific port.
  • the switch when it receives a packet in a VLAN, it retrieves the destination MAC address from the packet, searches in the MAC address learning table of the VLAN for the port mapping with the destination MAC address, and then directs the packet out of this port. Otherwise, if the port mapping with the destination MAC address can not be found, the packet will be broadcast within the VLAN, which causes flooding. This flooding won't disappear until the port mapping with the MAC address is learned in the VLAN. For the same reason, the flooding may also occur in other VLANs served by the switch unless they also learn the mapping of the MAC address and the port.
  • the problem of flooding within a plurality of VLANs can be alleviated by learning MAC addresses within these VLANs uniformly, which provides the advantage that the MAC addresses can be learned efficiently and as early as possible within these VLANs, thereby reducing the flooding duration within the VLANs.
  • a first aspect of present disclosure is a method for learning MAC address by a communication node in a layer-2 communication network.
  • the communication node serves a plurality of VLANs carried by the layer-2 communication network.
  • the method comprises: receiving a packet via a port of the communication node, the packet comprises a source MAC address to be learned; determining a VLAN within which the packet is transmitted from the plurality of VLANs; and registering a mapping of the source MAC address and the port with a MAC address learning table of the VLAN and MAC address learning tables of other VLANs among the plurality of VLANs.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure is a communication node configured to learn MAC address in a layer-2 communication network.
  • the communication node serves a plurality of VLANs carried by the layer-2 communication network. It comprises a receiving unit, a determining unit and a registering unit.
  • the receiving unit is adapted to receive a packet via a port of the communication node, the packet comprises a source MAC address to be learned;
  • the determining unit is adapted to determine a VLAN within which the packet is transmitted from the plurality of VLANs;
  • the registering unit is adapted register a mapping of the source MAC address and the port with a MAC address learning table of the VLAN and MAC address learning tables of other VLANs among the plurality of VLANs.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure is computer readable storage medium which stores instructions which, when run on a communication node, cause the communication node to perform the steps of the method described above.
  • a fourth aspect of the present disclosure is a communication node which is configured to learn MAC address in a layer-2 communication network.
  • the communication node serves a plurality of VLANs carried by the layer-2 communication network. It comprises a processor and a memory.
  • the memory contains instructions executable by the processor whereby the communication node is operative to receive a packet via a port of the communication node, the packet comprises a source MAC address to be learned; determine a VLAN within which the packet is transmitted from the plurality of VLANs; and register a mapping of the source MAC address and the port with a MAC address learning table of the VLAN and MAC address learning tables of other VLANs among the plurality of VLANs
  • the VLANs may share a same physical port in the communication node of the layer-2 communication network, it is likely that a MAC address mapping with the same physical port needs to be learned in these VLANs respectively.
  • the same mapping of the source MAC address and the port is also registered with MAC address learning tables of other VLANs. In this way, the other VLANs don't have to learn this MAC address again. In other words, the MAC address is only learned once among the VLANs. Once the MAC address is learned, the packets destined to this MAC address won't be broadcast within the VLAN.
  • VLANs learn the MAC address separately, it can be expected that, although some VLANs have learned the MAC address, other VLANs still have the flooding due to not learning the MAC address. Thus, it helps alleviate the flooding by learning the MAC address within these VLANs uniformly.
  • Fig.l illustrates a schematic view of a communication network environment suitable to implement an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig.2 schematically illustrates a flowchart of implementing MAC address learning by a communication node accordance with an embodiment
  • Fig.3 illustrates another schematic view of an exemplary communication network environment suitable to implement an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig.4 illustrates a schematic view of a communication node learning MAC address in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the present technology may be embodied in hardware and/or in software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.).
  • hardware that may be employed in various embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, conventional microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).
  • the present technology may take the form of a computer program on a computer-usable or computer-readable storage medium having computer-usable or computer-readable program code embodied in the medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system.
  • a computer-usable or computer-readable storage medium may be any medium that may contain, store, or is adapted to communicate the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • the term "communication node” refers to the node in layer-2 network that needs to learn MAC address for the VLANs it serves, such as the switch in Ethernet, the provider edge (PE) routers in multiple protocol label switching transport profile (MPLS-TP) network.
  • PE provider edge
  • the inventor of the present invention recognizes that, since the VLANs operate independently and each VLAN has its own MAC address learning table, the mapping of the port and the MAC address will be registered in the respective VLANs separately even if they register the same mapping. Thus, it is desirable that, upon registering a mapping of a source MAC address and a port within a VLAN, the same mapping of the source MAC address and the port is also registered within other VLANs. As such, the other VLANs don't have to learn this MAC address again. The MAC address therefore can be learned efficiently and as early as possible within these VLANs. In this way, the flooding duration will be reduced within these VLANs.
  • Fig.l illustrates a schematic view of a communication network environment suitable to implement an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a layer-2 carrier network 100 includes edge switch 110, edge switch 120 and core switch 130.
  • User network 150 connects with the edge switch 110 and user network 160 connects with the edge switch 120.
  • the user network 150 can communicate with the user network 160 through the layer-2 carrier network 100. More specifically, they communicate with each other through the VLANs (e.g. VI, V2 and V3) carried by the layer-2 carrier network 100.
  • the layer-2 carrier network 100 can be any types of layer-2 communication network, such as Ethernet, MPLS-TP network.
  • the VLANs can be set up based on virtual private local area network service (VPLS).
  • VPLS virtual private local area network service
  • the VLANs can be set up based on Ethernet ring protection (ERP).
  • ERP Ethernet ring protection
  • a switch may serve for a plurality of VLANs. Take the edge switch 110 as example, the edge switch 110 has four physical ports, PI, P2, P3 and P4. PI and P2 are assigned to VLAN VI for use, P2 and P3 are assigned to VLAN V2 for use, and P4 is assigned to VLAN V3 for use.
  • Fig.2 schematically illustrates a flowchart of implementing MAC address learning by a communication node in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the edge switch 110 is the communication node to execute the process of the embodiment. Now the process of the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Fig.2 and Fig.1.
  • the edge switch 110 receives a packet via a port of the edge switch 110, the packet comprises a source MAC address to be learned.
  • the packet can be sent from external network such as user network 150 or the nodes connecting with the edge switch 110 in the layer-2 carrier network such as the core switch 130.
  • the packet can be any types of packet containing a source MAC address, such as a data packet, address resolution protocol (ARP) packet.
  • ARP address resolution protocol
  • the source MAC address refers to the MAC address of the node that sends the packet to the edge switch 110.
  • the packet is transmitted in a VLAN, and each VLAN maintains its own MAC address learning table that records the mapping of the source MAC address and the port. Hence, a source MAC address may need to be learned in the VLAN when the source MAC address is not bound with the port, via which the packet comprising the source MAC address is received, in the MAC address learning table.
  • the edge switch 110 determines a VLAN, within which the packet is transmitted, from the plurality of VLANs.
  • the received packet may comprise a VLAN ID field which indicates the VLAN transmitting the packet.
  • the edge switch 110 can directly determine the VLAN.
  • the edge switch 110 may query which VLAN the port receiving the packet is assigned to, and the queried VLAN is the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted. If the port is assigned to several VLANs, then the edge switch 110 may select a default one as the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted. For example, if the packet is received via the port P2 of the edge switch 110, and the port P2 is assigned to both VLAN VI and V2 for use, then the edge switch 110 may select the default VLAN VI as the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted.
  • the edge switch 110 registers a mapping of the source MAC address and the port with a MAC address learning table of the VLAN and MAC address learning tables of other VLANs among the plurality of VLANs. Specifically, after determining the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted, the edge switch 110 may find the MAC address learning table of the VLAN and write the mapping of the source MAC address and the port into the MAC address learning table. Meanwhile, the edge switch 110 also writes the same mapping of the source MAC address and the port into MAC address learning tables of other VLANs served by the edge switch 110.
  • the edge switch 110 may only write the mapping of the source MAC address and the port into the MAC address learning tables of the VLANs to which the port is assigned. For example, the mapping of the source MAC address E and the port P2 is written into the MAC address learning table of the VLAN VI. Since the port P2 is also assigned to the VLAN V2, then this mapping will also written into the MAC address learning table of the VLAN V2. However, this mapping won't be written into the MAC address learning table of the VLAN V3, since the port P2 is not assigned to the VLAN V3.
  • the same mapping of the source MAC address and the port is also registered with MAC address learning tables of other VLANs.
  • the MAC address is only learned once among the VLANs. Once the MAC address is learned, the packets directed to this MAC address won't be broadcast within the VLAN.
  • the VLANs learn the MAC address separately it can be expected that, although some VLANs have learned the MAC address, other VLANs still have the flooding due to not learning the MAC address. Thus, it helps alleviate the flooding by learning the MAC address within these VLANs uniformly.
  • the edge switch 110 may determine if the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted belongs to a VLAN aggregation group.
  • the VLAN aggregation group can be configured manually or automatically by the network management system. For example, the VLANs that share the same port will be aggregated into a VLAN aggregation group. If the VLAN doesn't belong to any VLAN aggregation group, then the mapping of the source MAC address and the port will not be registered with MAC address learning table of other VLANs. If the VLAN belongs to a VLAN aggregation group, then the edge switch 110 may register the mapping with the MAC address learning table of the VLAN and MAC address learning tables of the other VLANs specified in the VLAN aggregation group.
  • the edge switch 110 may register the mapping of the source MAC address and the port with MAC address learning tables of other VLANs only when the source MAC address is in a predetermined MAC address list. For example, only the MAC address being used frequently (e.g. the occurrence in the packets is over a threshold) is set in the predetermined MAC address list. In this way, only the MAC addresses that often used are learned for the VLANs uniformly, this helps save the memory space of the MAC address learning tables of the VLANs.
  • the edge switch 110 may register the mapping of the source MAC address and the port with MAC address learning tables of other VLANs only when the port is in a predetermined port list.
  • the ports P2 and P3 can be inserted into the predetermined MAC address list.
  • the source MAC address El in the packets will only be learned in the VLAN transmitting the packets.
  • the edge switch 110 receives a malicious packet with the source MAC address being El via the port PI in the VLAN VI, this MAC address will only be learned in the VLAN VI. In other words, only the VLAN VI will register the incorrect mapping of the MAC address El and the port PI . Thus, it can prevent the malicious packet from impacting the MAC address learning in other VLANs.
  • FIG.3 shows a MPLS-TP network 310 which comprises PE 311, PE 312, PE 313 and PE 314.
  • PE 311, PE 312 and PE 314 are connected by the virtual switch interface 1 pseudo-wire (VSI1-PW), which constitutes the VLAN 1 on the MPLS-TP network 310.
  • PE 313, PE 312 and PE 314 are connected by the VSI2-PW, which constitutes the VLAN 2 on the MPLS-TP network 310.
  • the individual radio base stations (RBSs) in the base station (BS) network 320 communicate with core network 330 through different VLANS on the MPLS-TP network 310.
  • RBS 321 connects to PE 311, whereby the packet transmission between the RBS 321 and the core network 330 is done through the VLAN 1.
  • RBS 322 and RBS 323 connect to PE 313, whereby the packet transmission between the RBS 322-323 and the core network 330 is done through the VLAN2.
  • the PE 312 may learn the source MAC address in the packet, i.e. the MAC address of the ER 331, for the VLAN 1 and VLAN2 by the method as described above.
  • the MAC address to be learned can also be virtual MAC address.
  • the MPLS-TP network 310 may make use of a virtual router redundancy protocol, VRRP.
  • the ER 331 functions as VRRP master and ER 332 functions as VRRP slave. Normally, the VRRP master ER 331 operates, and the VRRP slave ER 332 is on standby. If the ER 331 fails, the ER 332 takes over the ER 331 to communicate with the MPLS-TP network 310. In this case, from the viewpoint of BS network 320, all the RBSs in the BS network 320 are communicating with one router having the virtual MAC address in the core network 330.
  • the source MAC address is the real MAC address of the RBS
  • the destination MAC address is the virtual MAC address of the VRRP master.
  • the source MAC address is the real MAC address of the VRRP master (i.e. the real MAC address of the ER 331 or 332)
  • the destination MAC address is the real MAC address of the RBS.
  • the virtual MAC address of the VRRP master can not be learned from the packets that sent from the VRRP master to the RBS, thereby the packets with the destination MAC address being the virtual MAC address will be broadcast in the VLANs carried by the MPLS-TP network, which causes flooding.
  • the VRRP master needs to send a gratuitous ARP packet, in which the source MAC address is the virtual MAC address, to MPLS-TP network 310, whereby the virtual MAC address can be learned.
  • the VRRP master Since the virtual MAC address needs to be learned in all the VLANs separately, the VRRP master has to send the gratuitous ARP packet in the individual VLANs in a short period (millisecond level), which results in the sharp increase with respect to the computing load in the VRRP master, thereby affecting the performance of the VRRP master (i.e. ER 331 or 332) seriously.
  • the PEs in the MPLS-TP network 310 receives a packet (i.e. the gratuitous APR packet) in which the source MAC address is the virtual MAC address through a VLAN, it is advantageous for the PEs to learn the virtual MAC address for all the VLANs that it serves. That is, the PEs register the mapping of the virtual MAC address and the port, via which the packet containing the virtual MAC address as source MAC address, with the respective MAC address learning table of the VLANs.
  • Fig.4 illustrates a schematic view of a communication node learning MAC address in accordance with an embodiment.
  • the communication node 400 comprises a receiving unit 410, a determining unit 420 and a registering unit 430. It should be appreciated that the communication node 400 is not limited to the shown elements, and can comprise other conventional elements and additional elements for other purposes.
  • the communication node represents the node in layer-2 network that needs to learn MAC address for the VLANs it serves.
  • the communication node may function as the edge switches and core switch in the layer-2 carrier network as illustrated Fig.l.
  • the communication node may function as the PE routers in the layer-2 carrier network as illustrated Fig.3. Now the functions of the individual units will be described in detail with reference to the Fig. 4.
  • the receiving unit 410 of the communication node 400 receives a packet via a port of the communication node 400.
  • the packet comprises a source MAC address to be learned.
  • the packet can be any types of packet containing a source MAC address, such as a data packet, address resolution protocol (ARP) packet.
  • ARP address resolution protocol
  • the source MAC address refers to the MAC address of the node that sends the packet to the communication node 400. As known, if a packet comprising a source MAC address is received via a specific port of the communication node 400, then when the communication node 400 receives another packet with destination MAC address being equal to the source MAC address, it should send out the another packet via the specific port.
  • the packet is transmitted in a VLAN, and each VLAN maintains its own MAC address learning table that records the mapping of the source MAC address and the port.
  • a source MAC address may need to be learned in the VLAN when the source MAC address is not bound with the port, via which the packet comprising the source MAC address is received, in the MAC address learning table.
  • the determining unit 420 of the communication node 400 determines a VLAN, within which the packet is transmitted, from the plurality of VLANs.
  • the received packet may comprise a VLAN ID field which indicates the VLAN transmitting the packet.
  • the determining unit 420 can directly determine the VLAN.
  • the determining unit 420 may query which VLAN the port receiving the packet is assigned to, and the queried VLAN is the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted. If the port is assigned to several VLANs, then the determining unit 420 may select a default one as the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted.
  • the registering unit 430 of the communication node 400 registers a mapping of the source MAC address and the port with a MAC address learning table of the VLAN and MAC address learning tables of other VLANs among the plurality of VLANs. Specifically, after the determining unit 420 determines the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted, the registering unit 430 may find the MAC address learning table of the VLAN and write the mapping of the source MAC address and the port into the MAC address learning table. Meanwhile, the registering unit 430 also writes the same mapping of the source MAC address and the port into MAC address learning tables of other VLANs served by the communication node 400.
  • the registering unit 430 may only write the mapping of the source MAC address and the port into the MAC address learning table of the VLANs to which the port is assigned. For example, the mapping of the source MAC address E and the port P2 is written into the MAC address learning table of the VLAN VI. Since the port P2 is also assigned to the VLAN V2, then this mapping will also written into the MAC address learning table of the VLAN V2.
  • the same mapping of the source MAC address and the port is also registered with MAC address learning tables of other VLANs.
  • the MAC address is only learned once among the VLANs. Once the MAC address is learned, the packets directed to this MAC address won't be broadcast within the VLAN.
  • the VLANs learn the MAC address separately it can be expected that, although some VLANs have learned the MAC address, other VLANs still have the flooding due to not learning the MAC address. Thus, it helps alleviate the flooding by learning the MAC address within these VLANs uniformly.
  • the communication node 400 may determine if the VLAN within which the packet is transmitted belongs to a VLAN aggregation group.
  • the VLAN aggregation group can be configured manually or automatically by the network management system. For example, the VLANs that share the same port will be aggregated into a VLAN aggregation group. If the VLAN doesn't belong to any VLAN aggregation group, then the mapping of the source MAC address and the port will not be registered with MAC address learning table of other VLANs. If the VLAN belongs to a VLAN aggregation group, then the registering unit 430 may register the mapping with the MAC address learning table of the VLAN and MAC address learning tables of the other VLANs specified in the VLAN aggregation group.
  • the registering unit 430 may register the mapping of the source MAC address and the port with MAC address learning tables of other VLANs only when the source MAC address is in a predetermined MAC address list. For example, only the MAC address being used frequently (e.g. the occurrence in the packets is over a threshold) is set in the predetermined MAC address list. In this way, only the MAC addresses that often used are learned for the VLANs uniformly, this may help save the memory space of the MAC address learning tables of the VLANs.
  • the registering unit 430 may register the mapping of the source MAC address and the port with MAC address learning tables of other VLANs only when the port is in a predetermined port list.
  • the ports A and B can be inserted into the predetermined MAC address list.
  • the source MAC address El in the packets will only be learned in the VLAN transmitting the packets.
  • the receiving unit 410 receives a malicious packet with the source MAC address being El via a port C in a specific VLAN, this MAC address will only be learned in the specific VLAN. In other words, only the specific VLAN will register the incorrect mapping of the MAC address El and the port. Thus, it can prevent the malicious packet from impacting the MAC address learning in other VLANs.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

Conformément à des modes de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé pour apprendre une adresse de contrôle d'accès au support (MAC) par un nœud de communication dans un réseau de communication de couche 2. Le nœud de communication dessert une pluralité de réseaux locaux virtuels (VLAN) portés par le réseau de communication de couche 2. Le procédé consiste : à recevoir un paquet par l'intermédiaire d'un port du nœud de communication, le paquet comprend une adresse MAC source à apprendre; à déterminer un VLAN à l'intérieur duquel le paquet est transmis à partir de la pluralité de VLAN; et à enregistrer un mappage de l'adresse MAC source et du port avec une table d'apprentissage d'adresse MAC du VLAN et des tables d'apprentissage d'adresse MAC d'autres VLAN parmi la pluralité de VLAN. Les modes de réalisation concernent également un nœud de communication configuré pour apprendre une adresse MAC dans un réseau de communication de couche 2. (Fig. 2)
PCT/CN2014/072675 2014-02-28 2014-02-28 Procédé et nœud de communication pour apprendre une adresse de contrôle d'accès au support (mac) dans un réseau de communication de couche 2 WO2015127643A1 (fr)

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US10313153B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2019-06-04 Cisco Technology, Inc. Adaptive MAC grouping and timeout in EVPN environments using machine learning
CN110166450A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-23 固高科技(深圳)有限公司 基于工业以太网的数据传输方法、装置以及通信设备
CN110620794A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2019-12-27 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种预防mac地址泛洪攻击的方法及装置
US11223569B2 (en) 2020-04-02 2022-01-11 PrimeWan Limited Device, method, and system that virtualize a network
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US11894948B2 (en) 2020-04-02 2024-02-06 PrimeWan Limited Method of forming a virtual network
WO2021227905A1 (fr) * 2020-05-11 2021-11-18 PrimeWan Limited Réseau virtuel

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