WO2015126315A1 - Machine de forage de roche, procédé pour forage de roche et plate-forme de forage de roche - Google Patents

Machine de forage de roche, procédé pour forage de roche et plate-forme de forage de roche Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015126315A1
WO2015126315A1 PCT/SE2015/050179 SE2015050179W WO2015126315A1 WO 2015126315 A1 WO2015126315 A1 WO 2015126315A1 SE 2015050179 W SE2015050179 W SE 2015050179W WO 2015126315 A1 WO2015126315 A1 WO 2015126315A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
force
rock
piston
drilling machine
setting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2015/050179
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2015126315A9 (fr
Inventor
Per-Erik Larsson
Erik JAKOBSSON
Original Assignee
Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab filed Critical Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab
Publication of WO2015126315A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015126315A1/fr
Publication of WO2015126315A9 publication Critical patent/WO2015126315A9/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/022—Control of the drilling operation; Hydraulic or pneumatic means for activation or operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
    • E21B1/38—Hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D9/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a built-in liquid motor, i.e. the tool being driven by hydraulic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/16—Valve arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/16—Valve arrangements therefor
    • B25D9/20—Valve arrangements therefor involving a tubular-type slide valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/26—Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
    • E21B1/02—Surface drives for drop hammers or percussion drilling, e.g. with a cable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/025—Rock drills, i.e. jumbo drills
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2209/00—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D2209/005—Details of portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously having a tubular-slide valve, which is coaxial with the piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/0011—Details of anvils, guide-sleeves or pistons
    • B25D2217/0023—Pistons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/195—Regulation means

Definitions

  • ROCK DRILLING MACHINE METHOD FOR ROCK DRILLING
  • the invention relates to a rock drilling machine which is adapted to intermittently produce shock wave pulses for transfer over a drill string to a rock disintegrating drill bit in a drilling direction.
  • the invention also relates to a method for rock drilling and a rock drill rig.
  • a feed force is applied to the drill bit through the drill string.
  • This feed force acting in the drilling direction is typically provided by forcing means acting on a slide supporting the rock drilling machine and being guided on a feed beam.
  • the feed force is transferred to a shank adapter, which comprises a first element in the drill string, as seen from the rock drilling machine.
  • the transfer of feed force to the shank adapter is normally provided by a damping unit for also provides damping of shock wave reflexes which emanates from the drill bit striking against rock and which i.a. varies with the degree of rock contact of the drill bit.
  • damping force that is transferred as a force to the shank adapter over the damping piston can be expressed as damp " A damp where P d amp is the mean value of the damping pressure and Adamp is the pressure area of the damper.
  • a thumb rule for describing what the magnitude of the feed force should be in relation to the impulse flow is:
  • a reason why the feed force needs to be that high is to ensure that the drill bit has contact with the rock in order to make it possible for it to crush rock with the aid of the shock wave. If the drill bit would not be in contact with the rock it would, besides reduced drilling capacity, also result in that the shock wave energy could not be delivered to the rock resulting in heating and increased wear of the threads between the individual drill string components.
  • rock drilling machine includes:
  • a force setting unit which is arranged to periodically subject the drill string to a setting force in said drilling direction
  • control unit which is arranged to activate the force setting unit to initiate said setting force before a point of time for producing at least a selection of said shock wave pulses in order to ensure enhanced rock contact of the drill bit when performing an impact .
  • the mean value of the feed force delivered from the rig can hereby be set lower but in spite of that the force pressing the drill bit against the rock when the drill bit performs the strike can be as great as during conventional rock drilling or even be allowed to be greater. This gives potential for higher working speed - better
  • components in the rock drill rig can be dimensioned for lower continuous forces and/or better
  • Hole straightness can also be enhanced since lower continuous feed force can be used and the straightness problems that are typical results from high feed forces can be avoided.
  • the force setting unit can also be activated to initiate said setting force for a
  • shock wave pulses whereby it is possible e.g. to initiate said setting force in respect of every second, every third etc. shock wave pulse.
  • shock wave pulses In respect of high frequency percussion devices it can be sufficient for reaching a totally seen effective drilling this way by ensuring high force setting with greater time distances when at least in some operational cases it can be sufficient with lower force application for the rest of the strikes in order to have good rock disintegration.
  • the force setting unit includes a damping piston which is arranged for transferring feed force to the drill string.
  • a damping piston which is arranged for transferring feed force to the drill string.
  • a chamber associated with the damping piston is connectable to a pressure source for achieving said setting force. If said chamber is a damping chamber being used for normal damping function, the costs of manufacture and development can be minimized.
  • the force setting unit includes at least one setting piston being independent from the damping piston, which results in that the different functions can be held independent from each other.
  • the invention is particularly applicable when the rock drilling machine includes a percussion device with a
  • the control unit then advantageously includes a valve body portion being carried by the percussive piston, the position of which inside the cylinder being arranged to control activation of the force setting unit through cooperation with a valve mouth.
  • the rock drilling machine includes an impulse device with an impulse piston adapted for action against a shank adapter which is only movable to a very limited degree in an axial direction of the rock drilling machine.
  • the control unit suitably includes a setting valve, which for activation of the force setting unit is controllable in dependence of a main control valve of the impulse device.
  • the invention also concerns a method for rock drilling, wherein shock valve pulses are produced intermittently in a drilling direction and are transmitted over a drill string to a rock disintegrating drill bit, wherein a setting force is periodically brought to subject the drill string in said drilling direction, and said setting force is initiated before a point of time for producing at least a selection of said shock wave pulses in order to ensure enhanced rock contact of the drill bit when performing an impact.
  • the feed force is advantageously transferred to the drill string through a damping piston.
  • a chamber being associated with the damping piston is suitably connected to a pressure source for achieving said setting force.
  • a damping chamber is suitably connected to a pressure source for providing said setting force.
  • said setting force can also be set by a setting piston being independent of the damping piston.
  • the shock wave pulses are preferably produced by a
  • percussion device with a percussive piston being arranged for action against a shank adapter and being movable to and fro in a cylinder.
  • - activation of the force setting unit is then preferably controlled by a valve body portion being carried by the percussive piston.
  • shock wave pulses are produced by an impulse device having an impulse piston being arranged for action against a shank adapter.
  • a setting valve being controllable in dependence of a main control valve of the impulse device then suitably activates the force setting unit.
  • the invention also relates to a rock drill rig including a rock drilling machine according the above.
  • Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a rig equipped with a device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a partial axial section of a percussion device according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a partial axial section of a percussion device according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a partial axial section of a percussion device according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial axial section of a percussion device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 6 shows a partial axial section of an impulse device according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 shows a diagram illustrating forces influencing the drill bit in respect of a rock drilling machine according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically a rock drill rig with a carrier vehicle which over a carrier arm supports a feed beam 4 whereon a rock drilling machine 2 is movable.
  • the rock drill rig is equipped with (not shown) means for applying a feed force in a drilling direction R to the rock drilling machine 2.
  • the rock drilling machine 2 produces intermittent shock wave pulses in the drilling direction R via a drill string 3 to a drill bit 6 which is positioned most distally on the drill string 3 and which performs crushing strikes against the rock in a borehole 5.
  • a shank adapter 14 which is a most proximal element in the drill string, is subjected to percussive action form a percussive piston 7 which is movable to and fro inside a cylinder in a housing H of the rock drilling machine.
  • the percussive piston 7 is driven with the aid of a drive fluid which is controlled to intermittently act on surfaces on parts of the percussive piston that are exposed to pressure in order to drive the percussive piston in a striking direction and in a return direction respectively.
  • damping piston 9 Radially outside the percussive piston 7, there is applied a damping piston 9 against the shank adapter 14 via a sleeve 19.
  • the damping piston is part of a single damper device.
  • the damping piston 9 has the purpose of transferring feed force to the shank adapter 14 and is for that purpose applied with a damping force emanating from a damping chamber 10 which is pressurizable from a pressure source P whereby a piston portion of the damping piston 9 is active inside the pressurizable chamber 10.
  • the damping piston in principle acts as a spring, pressing the damping piston opposite to the striking direction against the action of the damping force .
  • a force setting unit 8 is arranged, through which the damping piston 9 is also
  • the setting force influences the shank adapter 14 and is transferred over the drill string all the way to the drill bit in order to ensure that it has good rock contact during a short period of the cycle of the percussion device when the percussive piston 7 performs its strike against the shank adapter 14.
  • this force setting unit 8 For that purpose is with the aid of this force setting unit 8 according to the invention provided that the hydraulic pressure on the damping piston 9 is increased in said drilling direction R and in the shown embodiments in that during these short time periods into the damping chamber 10 there is supplied pressure fluid from an auxiliary pressure fluid source 18 which provides a higher fluid pressure than the damping pressure.
  • control unit 11 including a valve mouth 13 which cooperates with a valve body portion 12
  • valve mouth 13 will be opened by said valve body portion 12 uncovering the valve mouth before the percussive piston 7 hits the shank adapter 14.
  • a pressure increase will occur in the damping chamber 10 and the damping piston 9 will be pressed against the shank adapter 14.
  • the so created setting force will now be transmitted over the drill string to the drill bit before the point of time of the impact of the percussive piston against the shank adapter.
  • a percussion device with a differently constructed damper which in this case is a double damper device.
  • a damping flow Q is continuously supplied to a first damping chamber 15.
  • a damping slot/throttle slot is established between this camber and a second damping chamber which is indicated with 16.
  • the damping piston 9 against the shank adapter 14 immediately before the percussive piston 7 strikes against the shank adapter 14 in that a pressure increase will occur in the first damping chamber 15 through for example a conduit and valve mouth arrangement corresponding to what is described in connection with fig. 2.
  • This damper is
  • a specified striking position or floating position is ensured through a per se previously known
  • the damping piston 9 has been provided with one additional piston portion which is active in a special setting chamber 17.
  • This setting chamber 17 is pressurizable corresponding to what is described in connection with figs. 2, 3, wherein in this case the setting function is thus integrated with the damping piston 9 but separate from the first damping chamber 15 and the second damping chamber 16 being included in a double damper system.
  • a setting piston 23 concentrically between the percussive piston 7 and a damping piston 9, wherein the setting piston 23 cooperates with a setting chamber 24, axially on the opposite side of the setting piston 23, as seen from the shank adapter 14.
  • the setting chamber 24 is pressurizable corresponding to what is described in connection with the above embodiment.
  • an impulse device including an impulse piston 26 which is active in an impulse chamber 29 and is arranged to emit shock wave pulses to a shank adapter 25.
  • a counter chamber 30 is arranged in the drilling direction as seen from the impulse piston 26.
  • Shock wave pulses can for example be produced in that a high pressure increase abruptly occurs in the impulse chamber 9 on the side of the impulse piston 26 being directed from the shank adapter 25.
  • shock wave pulses can be produced in that high pressure is initiated in the impulse chamber 29 as well as in the counter chamber 30, whereupon the pressure in the counter chamber 30 is abruptly released.
  • a force setting unit with a setting piston 27 is arranged radially outside a rod-shaped portion belonging to the impulse piston 26, said setting piston 27 being arranged to be allied against the radially outer part of the shank adapter 25.
  • the setting piston can be alternatively arranged to act against a radially inner part.
  • the setting piston 27 is active in a setting chamber 28 which is pressurizable
  • a control unit can be used having a valve device being controlled to pressurize the setting chamber 28 to set the setting piston 27 against the shank adapter 25 immediately before a shock wave pulse is intended to be initiated.
  • Fig. 7 is a force (F) - time (t) - diagram showing forces affecting the drill bit of a rock drilling machine according to the invention.
  • F force
  • t time
  • FIG. 7 shows very short shock wave pulses 30 with high intensity for transmittal to a drill bit and being produced in a percussion device having a to and fro movable percussive piston or in an impulse device.
  • the curve 31 with dot interrupted line illustrates the
  • the lower force level 32 which prevails essentially between the shock wave pulses 30 produced by the impact in the percussion device (or the impulse device) are comprised of feed force delivered from the drill rig according to the above.
  • the force increases at 33 indicate that a setting force has been applied in the drill string which together with the feed force can be greater than a conventional feed force which is indicated with interrupted line and reaches the force level 34.
  • the force affecting the drill bit for force setting purposes can be greater during performing the rock disintegrating strikes but smaller as seen over an impact cycle.
  • Pressurization of setting pistons can thus also in respect of percussion devices with percussive pistons be made in different ways than through control units with valve portions on the percussive piston.
  • a control unit can be arranged with which the position of the percussive piston is detected and the detected position can be arranged for controlling initiation of the setting force.
  • the position of the percussive piston can thereby be measured over a sensor whose signal is transferred to a control unit which in turn controls the variation in the setting force according to the above.
  • sensors that are suitable for this purpose are capacitive sensors,
  • inductive sensors or laser sensors are inductive sensors or laser sensors.
  • the periodic setting force can also, beside the hydraulic mechanical methods described above, be produced electro- mechanically over an electromagnet which can be activated such that the drill string is subjected to the periodic setting force or pneumatically over pressure variations in a gas affecting a force-producing area for the same purpose.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une machine de forage de roche (2), laquelle machine est apte à produire par intermittence des impulsions d'onde de choc pour le transfert, sur un train de tiges de forage (3), à un trépan de forage de désintégration de roche. La machine de forage de roche comprend : une unité d'établissement de force (8), qui est agencée de façon à soumettre périodiquement le train de tiges de forage (3) à une force d'établissement dans ladite direction de forage, et une unité de commande (11), qui est agencée de façon à activer l'unité d'établissement de force de façon à déclencher ladite force d'établissement avant un point dans le temps pour produire au moins une sélection desdites impulsions d'onde de choc afin d'assurer un contact avec la roche amélioré du trépan de forage (6) lors de la réalisation d'un impact. L'invention porte également sur un procédé et sur une plate-forme de forage de roche.
PCT/SE2015/050179 2014-02-18 2015-02-17 Machine de forage de roche, procédé pour forage de roche et plate-forme de forage de roche WO2015126315A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1450188-6 2014-02-18
SE1450188A SE538090C2 (sv) 2014-02-18 2014-02-18 Bergborrmaskin och förfarande för bergborrning

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015126315A1 true WO2015126315A1 (fr) 2015-08-27
WO2015126315A9 WO2015126315A9 (fr) 2015-09-24

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ID=53878668

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2015/050179 WO2015126315A1 (fr) 2014-02-18 2015-02-17 Machine de forage de roche, procédé pour forage de roche et plate-forme de forage de roche

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE538090C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015126315A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107130919B (zh) * 2017-05-17 2018-11-16 西南石油大学 一种凸轮马达式水力振荡器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008127171A1 (fr) * 2007-04-11 2008-10-23 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Procédé et dispositif pour commander au moins un paramètre de forage pour le forage de roches
WO2009002306A1 (fr) * 2007-06-26 2008-12-31 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Procédé et dispositif de commande d'une installation de forage de roche
WO2009123535A1 (fr) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-08 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Procédé et appareil pour ajuster et contrôler un paramètre
WO2012030272A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Mécanisme hydraulique à impacts destiné à des équipements de traitement de roches et de béton

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008127171A1 (fr) * 2007-04-11 2008-10-23 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Procédé et dispositif pour commander au moins un paramètre de forage pour le forage de roches
WO2009002306A1 (fr) * 2007-06-26 2008-12-31 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Procédé et dispositif de commande d'une installation de forage de roche
WO2009123535A1 (fr) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-08 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Procédé et appareil pour ajuster et contrôler un paramètre
WO2012030272A1 (fr) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab Mécanisme hydraulique à impacts destiné à des équipements de traitement de roches et de béton

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015126315A9 (fr) 2015-09-24
SE538090C2 (sv) 2016-03-01
SE1450188A1 (sv) 2015-08-19

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