WO2015125288A1

WO2015125288A1 - Elevator device

Info

Publication number: WO2015125288A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/054255
Authority: WO
Inventors: 勇貴野澤; 真輔井上; 野口　直昭
Original assignee: 株式会社日立製作所
Priority date: 2014-02-24
Filing date: 2014-02-24
Publication date: 2015-08-27

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elevator device (100) which enables the range of application of counterweight-less elevators to be widened while the space saving characteristics of the counterweight-less elevators are maintained. The elevator device (100) is provided with: a car (3) moving vertically within the hoistway (30); a rope (4) for suspending and holding the car (3); and hoists (2) for driving the rope (4) and thereby vertically moving the car (3). The hoists (2) are provided as a pair, and the pair of hoists (2) have the same rope (4) wrapped therearound. One of the hoists (2) is provided at the upper part of the hoistway (30), and the other hoist (2) is provided at the lower part of the hoistway (30). When viewed within the hoistway (30) in the vertical direction thereof, the pair of hoists (2) are arranged so that the orthogonal projections of the hoists (2) overlap each other.

Description

Elevator equipment

The present invention relates to an improvement in the layout of an elevator device, particularly an elevator device.

The elevator has a hoisting machine with a sheave attached to the output shaft. A rope is wound around the sheave and a car is suspended from the rope. The car is driven with a speed controlled by a hoist. A typical elevator has a counterweight that is equivalent to the mass of a cage suspended by a rope, or the mass of the cage plus half the maximum loading weight, and the side of the rope wrapped around the sheave. The effective load of the motor is reduced by reducing the mass difference on the counterweight side.

On the other hand, there is an elevator apparatus that improves the floor area on the hoistway area where the car can be ridden by reducing the counterweight (for example, see Patent Document 1). The elevator device without the counterweight is hereinafter referred to as a counterweightless elevator. This counterweight-less elevator can improve the boardable floor area in the hoistway area, and can improve the transport capacity per unit area. Moreover, the cost can be reduced by reducing the number of parts of the balance weight and the rail used when the balance weight is moved up and down.

Also, although it is not a counterweight-less elevator, an arrangement method has been proposed in which two hoisting machines are used and the hoistway is reduced by arranging two hoisting machines in a space-saving manner. (For example, see Patent Document 2)

WO2006 / 043317 WO 2006/070437

In the arrangement as disclosed in Patent Document 1, if the aim is to expand the applicable range of high speed and high loading, the machine capacity increases and the horizontal cross-sectional area of the hoistway becomes large. Thereby, the car floor area which occupies the hoistway area which is the feature of the counterweight-less elevator is reduced, and the transport capacity per unit area is reduced.

Furthermore, when two hoisting machines are arranged close to each other as in Patent Document 2, the hoistway space can be effectively utilized. However, by placing the hoisting machine in a nearby location, the height of the beam supporting the hoisting machine can be increased. Strengthening is required, and space expansion may be reduced in expanding the application area of the counterweight-less elevator.

An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus capable of expanding the application area of a counterweight-less elevator while maintaining the space-saving property of the counterweight-less elevator. .

In order to achieve the above object, an elevator apparatus according to the present invention includes a car that moves up and down in a hoistway, a rope that holds the car, and a hoist that drives the rope to raise and lower the car. In the elevator apparatus provided with a machine, a pair of the hoisting machines are used, the same rope is wound around the pair of hoisting machines, and one hoisting machine is placed above the hoistway and the other hoisting machine The hoisting machine is provided below the hoistway, and is disposed in the hoistway so that orthogonal projections of the pair of hoisting machines overlap each other when viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway. And

According to the present invention, there is provided an elevator apparatus capable of expanding the application area of a counterweight-less elevator while maintaining the space-saving property of the counterweight-less elevator.

The perspective view of the elevator apparatus which shows the whole outline | summary of the 1st Example of this invention. The perspective view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning which arrange | positioned two or more hoisting machines at the time of not applying this invention. The top view which shows the structure of the hoistway horizontal cross section in a 1st Example. The perspective view of the elevator apparatus which shows the whole outline | summary of the 2nd Example of this invention. The whole perspective view of the elevator apparatus which shows the whole outline | summary in the 3rd Example of this invention. The top view which shows the structure of the hoistway horizontal cross section in a 3rd Example. The perspective view of the elevator apparatus which shows the whole outline | summary in the 4th Example of this invention. The top view which shows the structure of the hoistway horizontal cross section in a 4th Example. The top view which shows the structure of the hoistway horizontal cross section of other embodiment in a 4th Example. The side view which shows the structure of the lower winding machine part in a 5th Example.

Considering the improvement in transportation capacity per unit area (space saving), the counterweight-less elevator does not have a counterweight that reduces the effective load on the motor. For this reason, if an attempt is made to lift a car with the same load, the size of the motor increases as compared with a normal slidable elevator. When the motor is increased in size due to an increase in the load on the motor, the transport capacity per unit area is reduced. Therefore, in a counterweight-less elevator, the applicable range of speed and loading is limited. Therefore, in the elevator apparatus of the present invention, in order to reduce the torque applied to one motor, a plurality of hoisting machines are provided, and the hoisting machine is reduced in size by distributing torque to each of the hoisting machines. Aims to expand the speed and load application range of the elevator.

That is, in a counterweightless elevator that does not have a counterweight, by providing multiple motors within the same rope, the torque applied to one motor is reduced, the capacity of one motor is reduced, and the motor size is reduced. Miniaturized machines are placed on the same vertical projection plane at the top and bottom of the hoistway.

When attempting to increase the speed and load capacity of a counterweight-less elevator, by reducing the size of one machine and placing the miniaturized machine in a space-saving manner, the space-saving characteristics that make up a counterweight-less elevator are reduced. While maintaining this, it is possible to increase the speed and load of the counterweight-less elevator.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an elevator apparatus showing an overall outline of the form of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the elevator apparatus 100, a car 3 is connected to a pair of hoisting machines 2 arranged above and below via a rope 4. The rope 4 is driven by the rotation of the sheave 7 driven by the hoisting machine 2. The rope 4 drives the car 3 via a car pulley 6 disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the car. In order to compensate for the length of the rope 4 according to the stroke, it is also folded back on the lower surface of the car 3. This is because the length of the rope 4 is always constant regardless of the position of the car 3. Further, when a moment is generated in the car due to the tensile force of the rope 4, both sides of the upper surface of the car 3 are suspended by the rope 4 so that the car 3 does not tilt.

As described above, the elevator apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes the car 3 that moves up and down in the hoistway 30 (shown in FIG. 3), the rope 4 that holds the car 3, and the rope 4 that drives the car 3. And a hoisting machine 2 for moving up and down. A pair of hoisting machines 2 is used, and the same rope 4 is wound around the pair of hoisting machines 2, one hoisting machine 2 is above the hoistway 30, and the other hoisting machine 2 is the hoistway. 30 below.

Further, the rope 4 in the present embodiment suspends the car 3 by winding the rope end 8 on one end side inside the hoistway 30 with the end member and being wound around the pulley 6 provided on the upper part of the car 3. Hold it and pull it up. After that, it is wound around one hoisting machine 2 disposed above the hoistway 30 and drawn downward, and is wound around the other hoisting machine 2 disposed below the hoistway 30 and moved upward. It is drawn around and wound around a pulley 6 provided at the lower portion of the car 3, and then the end 8 of the rope on the other end side is fixed in the hoistway 30 by an end member.

In the elevator apparatus 100 having no counterweight shown in the present embodiment, a tension mechanism is used to apply tension to the rope 4 on the side opposite to the car 3 with respect to the sheave 7 of one hoisting machine 2 arranged at the top. 5 is provided. A frictional force is applied between the sheave 7 and the rope 4 by applying the tension of the tension mechanism 5. By this frictional force, the rope 4 is driven along the rotation of the sheave 7 without slipping, and the car 3 can be driven up and down. This frictional force is determined by the tension ratio of the rope applied to the sheave 7, and if it exceeds the traction determined by the groove shape of the sheave or the winding angle wound around the sheave of the rope, slip occurs between the rope and the sheave, and the car 3 Can not be driven.

The tension applied by the tension mechanism 5 is applied to the car 3 through the lower pulley 6 as shown in FIG. 1, but similarly to the pulley 6 above the car 3 as the tension of the rope 4. Because of this, the torque required to lift the car 3 is not affected. The torque required for the hoisting machine 2 is a difference in tension between the ropes 4 extending from both ends of the sheave wound around the hoisting machine 2. This tension difference becomes the own weight and the loaded weight of the car 3 in this embodiment. Therefore, in order to reduce the torque applied to the hoisting machine, it is necessary to increase the number of ropings to reduce the tension due to the weight of the car 3 and the load weight, or to reduce the weight of the car. The torque applied to can be reduced by using a plurality of hoisting machines 2.

In FIG. 1, the torque required to lift the car 3 is distributed to two motors, so that the motor capacity is reduced from the reduction of the torque required per one, and the hoisting machine 2 is reduced in size. Place the top and bottom inside. At this time, in this embodiment, the hoistway 30 is disposed so that the orthogonal projections of the pair of hoisting machines 2 overlap each other when viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway 30. By arranging the upper hoisting machine and the lower hoisting machine on the same vertical projection plane, it is possible to increase the floor area in the horizontal cross-sectional area of the hoistway rather than arranging one hoisting machine having the same torque. Become. Furthermore, the top and bottom gaps can be reduced by the smaller hoisting machines by arranging them vertically, and also make room for installing other equipment necessary for raising and lowering elevators. Is possible.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an arrangement example in which a plurality of hoisting machines are arranged when the present invention is not applied. When two hoisting machines are provided in the upper part as shown in FIG. 2, a turning pulley 41 and a pulley 42 are required to give the sheave an angle at which the rope is wound in order to suppress slipping, but as shown in FIG. By arranging them vertically, the turning pulley 41 and the pulley 42 can be reduced without changing the winding angle applied to the sheave 7. As a result, the space required for the pulleys can be reduced, and the availability of the hoistway area can be increased.

FIG. 3 is a top view showing the configuration of the horizontal cross section of the hoistway in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the floor area of the car 3 in the hoistway area is increased by reducing the counterweight. Further, in this embodiment, when the pair of hoisting machines 2 are viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway 30, the orthogonal projection of the pair of hoisting machines 2 is performed in the hoistway 30 with the car 3 and the hoistway. In the region between 30 hoistway walls, they are arranged so as to overlap each other. By arranging in the gap space between the car 3 and the hoistway 30 in the hoistway 30, the car top gap and the car lower gap can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, the 2: 1 roping having the rope end 8 at the final end of the building via the car pulley 6 from the hoisting machine as shown in FIG. 1 has been described as an example. There is no limit on the number of times. When the number of ropings is increased, the torque required for the hoisting machine is reduced and the number of revolutions is increased. Generally, when the motor has a low torque, magnetic parts such as magnets can be reduced, and the hoisting machine can be downsized.

This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the elevator apparatus showing the overall outline of the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the weight of the lower hoisting machine 2 in the first embodiment is used to reduce the size of the lower tension mechanism 5. In a counterweightless elevator, since there is no counterweight, the torque applied to the hoisting machine increases. Therefore, after being wound around the pulley 6 provided on the upper part of the car 3 that is a part for suspending the car 3, and then wound on one hoisting machine 2 disposed on the upper part of the hoistway 30. By providing a tension mechanism 5 at the end of the rope 4 opposite to the car 3 with respect to the sheave 7 of the car, a tension is applied to the rope on the side opposite to the car suspension side, thereby causing a frictional force between the sheave and the rope. (Traction) can be increased. The tension mechanism 5 will be described with reference to a spring in FIG. 4. However, if tension can be applied, a passive mechanism such as a spring and a damper, an active mechanism such as a direct acting actuator such as a hydraulic pressure, A mechanism combining them may be used.

As the loading capacity of the car 3 increases, the tension ratio of the rope 4 applied to the sheave 7 increases, and the frictional force between the sheave 7 and the rope 4 decreases. When the frictional force between the rope 4 and the sheave 7 decreases, the rope 4 slips. Therefore, the tension mechanism 5 needs to increase the tension in order to balance the car loading. However, when the load of the car 3 is increased, the tension mechanism 5 increases in size to increase the tension. The enlarged tension mechanism 5 increases the cage lower gap. Therefore, the tension mechanism 5 is reduced in size by applying tension to the rope end opposite to the car 3 suspension side using the weight of the other hoisting machine 2 disposed at the lower part of the hoistway. It is possible.

The hoisting machine guide rails 22 are erected on both sides of the hoisting machine 2, and the hoisting machine guide shoes 23 are provided at both upper and lower ends of the hoisting machine 2, and the hoisting machine guide shoes 23 are hoisted. The machine guide rail 22 is configured to slide. By comprising in this way, the front-back and left-right direction of the winding machine 2 is restrained, and only the up-down direction can be moved. That is, the other hoisting machine 2 is provided so as not to move in the horizontal plane direction of the hoistway 30 but to be movable in the vertical direction. As described above, since the movement can be performed only in the vertical direction, the own weight of the hoisting machine 2 can be applied as tension to the rope portion between the hoisting machines. Furthermore, the beam for fixing the other hoisting machine 2 to a building becomes unnecessary by suspending the other hoisting machine 2 on the rope. Since the tension applied to the upper hoisting machine does not change as a whole, the beam for fixing the upper hoisting machine to the building does not increase in size even if the weight of the lower hoisting machine is used.

In addition, when a plurality of hoisting machines 2 that are driven independently on the same rope are used, the rope between the hoisting machines bends due to a speed difference caused by wear of each sheave diameter or a speed difference caused by a hoisting machine control error. Will occur. However, as in this embodiment, when the lower hoisting machine is freely hung, if the rope is bent, the bending of the rope can be canceled out by the own weight of the hoisting machine itself. Thereby, even if it uses the some winding machine 2, the stable drive is attained.

This embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is an overall perspective view of the elevator apparatus showing an overall outline in the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a top view showing the structure of the hoistway horizontal section in the third embodiment. In the present embodiment, the arrangement of the hoisting machine 2 in the first embodiment is changed to improve the floor area of the car 3 in the horizontal cross-sectional area of the hoistway.

In order to make maximum use of the floor area in the hoistway 30 as shown in FIG. 6 and to improve the transport capacity per unit area, as shown in FIG. The machine is rotated 90 degrees from the state of the first embodiment, and the machine is not installed only between the car 3 and the hoistway wall. So that the orthographic projection of the hoisting machine 2 overlaps the area between the car 3 and the hoistway wall of the hoistway 30 and the orthographic projection of the car 3, and the upper hoisting machine and the lower hoisting machine The projections are arranged so as to overlap each other. As a result, the floor area of the car can be made between the car 3 and the hoistway wall except for a space through which only the guide rail and the rope pass, and the transport capacity per unit area is improved.

Also, although the gap between the top and the bottom of the car increases, it is possible to suppress the increase of the gap to some extent by using a motor of a trunk length type.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the motor shaft 9 of the pair of hoisting machines 2 is installed so as to be perpendicular to the door surface 3 a of the car 3. Therefore, it is possible to use a twisting driving element such as a belt or a chain as a rope.

This embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an elevator apparatus showing an overall outline in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a top view showing the structure of the hoistway horizontal section in the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the application range of the high load and high speed of the counterweight elevator in the first embodiment is expanded, and a plurality of pairs of hoisting machines 2 (two in this embodiment) are provided in a space-saving arrangement. It is said. Note that a combination of the pair of hoisting machines 2, the rope 4, the tension mechanism 5, and the like in the first embodiment is referred to as an elevating mechanism 20 for convenience.

In this embodiment, a pair of hoisting machines 2 and ropes 4 are combined as shown in FIG. 7 and a plurality of sets (two in this embodiment) are provided in the same car 3. In Example 1, when the raising / lowering mechanism 20 is arrange | positioned at the door side, a space is made in the reverse side used as a line symmetrical position with respect to a guide rail. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, when the lifting mechanism 20 a is arranged on the door side on the side surface of the car 3, another set of lifting mechanisms 20 b is arranged in a line symmetrical position with respect to the guide rail 32. That is, a guide rail 32 that guides the raising and lowering of the car 3 is provided in the hoistway 30, and a plurality of pairs of the hoisting machine 2 and the rope 4 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the guide rail 32. By providing a plurality of lifting mechanisms 20 (two in this embodiment), the torque required for one lifting mechanism 20 can be reduced by the number of lifting mechanisms 20.

As shown in FIG. 8, another set of lifting mechanism 20 is arranged at a line-symmetrical position around the guide rail 32 of FIG. 3 described in the first embodiment. Thereby, the number of motors increases, the torque required for one motor is reduced, and the hoisting machine 2 can be downsized. By reducing the size of the hoisting machine 2, it becomes possible to improve the transport capacity per unit area. Further, by arranging a plurality of lifting mechanisms 20, it is possible to cope with an increase in motor capacity due to higher loading and higher speed, and it is possible to expand the application range of balanced weightless elevators.

Further, by arranging the position of the car pulley 6 shown in FIG. 7 at the end of the car as much as possible, it is possible to suppress the inclination due to the movement of the center of gravity due to the eccentric load or the like. If it is in the location pulled with a rope, even if an unbalanced load becomes large, inclination can be reduced.

The tension mechanism 5 provided in the lower part is provided with a plurality of lifting mechanisms 20 (two in this embodiment), so that the tension is reduced by the number of the lifting mechanisms 20 provided. Thereby, the tension mechanism 5 can be downsized by providing a plurality of lifting mechanisms 20 (two in this embodiment).

FIG. 9 is a top view showing the structure of the horizontal cross section of the hoistway of another embodiment in the fourth example. In another embodiment of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 9, when a pair of hoisting machines 2 and ropes 4 provided in a plurality of sets is viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway 30, a specific on the car 3 is specified. In this embodiment, a configuration in which the diagonal lines of the car 3 are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the symmetrical point 33 at the central position, which is the intersection point, is possible. In this way, by arranging the hoisting machine 2 to be pointed, in addition to the above-described effects, it is also possible to implement a hoisting type hoisting machine. In addition, the trunk length type hoisting machine referred to in this specification refers to a machine in which the thickness of the motor portion (the length in the vertical direction on the paper surface in FIG. 9) is larger than the diameter of the sheave 7. On the other hand, the hoisting machine shown in other drawings is called a thin hoisting machine, which means that the thickness of the motor part is smaller than the diameter of the sheave 7.

Furthermore, the hoisting machine having the form described with reference to FIG. 9 may be arranged point-symmetrically with the thin hoisting machine 2 described in the third embodiment and its arrangement configuration. In that case, both the effect described in the third embodiment and the effect described with reference to FIGS.

This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a side view showing the configuration of the lower hoisting machine portion in the present embodiment. In this embodiment, the elevator apparatus 100 is configured to increase the tension applied to the rope 4 by using the own weight of the other hoisting machine 2 disposed in the lower part of the hoistway 30.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the present embodiment, a lower portion that holds tension downward with respect to the other hoisting machine 2 between the other hoisting machine 2 and the building 200 arranged at the lower part of the hoistway 30. It has a hoisting machine tension mechanism (a spring 24 in this embodiment).

The hoisting machine 2 of this embodiment includes a hoisting machine guide device 21. The hoisting machine guide device 21 includes a hoisting machine guide rail 22 and a hoisting machine guide shoe, and the hoisting machine guide rails 22 are erected on both sides of the hoisting machine 2 to guide the hoisting machine guide. The shoes 23 are provided at both upper and lower ends of the hoisting machine 2, and the hoisting machine guide shoes 23 are configured to slide on the hoisting machine guide rails 22. A spring 24 is installed between the hoisting machine 2 and the building with respect to the hoisting machine 2 provided with such a hoisting machine guide device 21. By providing the spring 24, it is possible to further apply tension to the rope between the hoisting machines.

By installing this spring 24, the tension required for the tension mechanism 5 is reduced, the tension mechanism 5 can be miniaturized, and the car lower gap can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the spring 24 is used as the lower hoisting machine tension mechanism. However, if tension can be applied to the rope between the hoisting machines, a passive spring or damper can be used. A mechanism or a direct acting actuator such as a hydraulic pressure or a motor may be used.

This embodiment can be used for the hoisting machine guide device 21 of the above-described embodiments 2 to 4.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Elevator apparatus 2 Hoisting machine 3 Car 3a Car door surface 4 Rope 5 Tension mechanism 6 Car pulley 7 Sheave 8 Rope end 9 Motor output shaft 20 Lifting mechanism 21 Hoisting machine guide device 22 For hoisting machine Guide rail 23 Hoisting machine guide shoe 30 Hoistway 31 Guide device 32 Guide rail 33 Symmetry point 41 Turning pulley 42 Pulley 200 Building

Claims

In an elevator apparatus comprising a car that moves up and down in a hoistway, a rope that holds the car, and a hoist that drives the rope to raise and lower the car,
A pair of the hoisting machines are used, and the same rope is wound around the pair of hoisting machines, one hoisting machine is above the hoistway, and the other hoisting machine is the hoistway. An elevator apparatus, wherein the elevator apparatus is provided below and disposed so that the orthogonal projections of the pair of hoisting machines overlap each other when viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway in the hoistway.
The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rope suspends an upper portion of the car, is wound around the one hoisting machine disposed above the hoistway, and is routed downward. Wound around a pulley provided at the lower part of the car, wound around the other hoisting machine disposed below the hoistway and routed upward;
The other hoisting machine is provided so as not to move in a horizontal plane of the hoistway but to be movable in a vertical direction.
3. The elevator apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the pair of hoisting machines are viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway, the orthogonal projection of the pair of hoisting machines is performed in the hoistway. And the hoistway wall of the hoistway are arranged so as to overlap each other in an area between the hoistway walls and the hoistway wall.
3. The elevator apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the pair of hoisting machines are viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway, the orthogonal projection of the pair of hoisting machines is performed in the hoistway. The elevator apparatus is arranged to overlap each other so as to overlap an area between the hoistway wall and the hoistway wall of the hoistway and an orthogonal projection of the car.
5. The elevator apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the motor shafts of the pair of hoisting machines are installed so as to be perpendicular to the door surface of the car.
The elevator apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a pair of the hoisting machine and the rope are provided as a set, and a plurality of sets are provided in the same car.
The elevator apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a guide rail that guides raising and lowering of the car is provided in the hoistway, and a plurality of sets of the hoisting machine and the rope are provided with respect to the guide rail. An elevator apparatus characterized by being arranged line-symmetrically.
The elevator apparatus according to claim 6, wherein when the pair of the hoisting machine and the rope provided in a plurality of sets is viewed from the vertical direction of the hoistway, the point is determined with respect to a specific point of the car The elevator apparatus characterized by having arrange | positioned in.
The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein a lower hoisting machine tension mechanism is provided between the other hoisting machine and the building so as to maintain a lower tension with respect to the other hoisting machine. An elevator apparatus comprising: