WO2015120656A1 - 光栅、显示装置及光栅的制造方法 - Google Patents

光栅、显示装置及光栅的制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015120656A1
WO2015120656A1 PCT/CN2014/074285 CN2014074285W WO2015120656A1 WO 2015120656 A1 WO2015120656 A1 WO 2015120656A1 CN 2014074285 W CN2014074285 W CN 2014074285W WO 2015120656 A1 WO2015120656 A1 WO 2015120656A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
substrate
grating
conductive
polar liquid
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2014/074285
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王俊伟
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/434,655 priority Critical patent/US9904061B2/en
Publication of WO2015120656A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015120656A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • G02B26/005—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid based on electrowetting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/005—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along a single direction only, e.g. lenticular sheets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
    • G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G02B30/28—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays involving active lenticular arrays

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a display device, and, in particular, to a grating for a display device, a display device, and a method of fabricating a grating. Background technique
  • the grating 3D display is precisely coupled by a grating and a 2D (two-dimensional) display.
  • the grating 3D display is divided into a slit grating 3D display and a cylindrical lens grating 3D display, the purpose of which is to control the path of light propagation in a certain way, so that the left and right eyes of the viewer can see different parallaxes.
  • the image thus synthesizes a stereoscopic image in the human brain.
  • liquid crystal grating-based 3D display devices are attracting attention due to their simple structure, compatibility with liquid crystal processes, and good performance.
  • the liquid crystal grating-based 3D display devices are usually based on binocular parallax and
  • the grating structure splitting principle is used to realize a 3D stereoscopic display effect, which generally includes a display device and a liquid crystal grating disposed above the display device.
  • a schematic structural view of a prior art liquid crystal grating includes an upper substrate 11 and a lower substrate 12 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 15 between the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12, the upper substrate 11 facing
  • the liquid crystal layer 15 has a strip electrode 13 on one side, and a plate electrode 14 on the side of the lower substrate 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 15.
  • the plate electrode is grounded, and a set periodic voltage is applied to the strip electrodes at different positions, so that the liquid crystals at different positions are arranged in a specific direction under the action of the electric field, thereby realizing the spatial distribution of the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer, when the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer When the distribution is similar to that of a solid convex lens, a 3D display can be achieved.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is that the choice of liquid crystal in the grating is limited, and the refractive index distribution of the liquid crystal is limited by the deflection of the liquid crystal, resulting in a small viewing angle, and the liquid crystal cost is high.
  • a grating including:
  • a plurality of retaining walls are disposed to respectively correspond to the strip electrodes and located between the first substrate and the second substrate, each of the retaining walls comprising:
  • a layer of polar liquid and a layer of non-polar liquid are filled between each two adjacent said retaining walls.
  • the liquid crystal is not used, and the polar liquid and the non-polar liquid are used, and the affinity layer of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer of the polar liquid and the non-polar liquid is different, which is equivalent to forming the cylindrical lens.
  • Grating Since there are many choices of polar liquids and non-polar liquids, the refractive indices of the two liquids are relatively large, and the curvature of the surface formed by the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer is large. Therefore, the refractive index distribution has a large range and can be improved. The viewing angle, and compared to liquid crystal, the cost of the liquid is lower.
  • the hydrophobic-hydrophobic conversion material layer When the strip electrode is positively charged, the hydrophobic-hydrophobic conversion material layer exhibits hydrophobicity, the polar liquid has a larger contact angle with the hydrophobic hydrophobic-converting material, and the interface between the polar liquid and the non-polar liquid can remain horizontal.
  • the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer when the strip electrode is not energized or negatively charged to the strip electrode, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer exhibits hydrophilicity, and the interface between the non-polar liquid and the polar liquid exhibits the polarity
  • the convex surface convex on one side of the liquid is equivalent to the cylindrical convex lens, so that the two-dimensional and three-dimensional conversion of the image can also be realized by the technical solution of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal grating is temperature-limited, and the grating of the present invention employs a liquid, has a good temperature adaptability to the surrounding environment, and can be applied to a hot
  • the grating further includes a hydrophobic layer on a surface of the plate electrode facing the second substrate, the hydrophobic layer being in contact with the polar liquid layer. That is, when a layer of liquid close to the second substrate is a non-polar liquid, and a layer of liquid close to the first substrate is a polar liquid, a hydrophobic layer is disposed on the plate electrode.
  • the grating further includes a hydrophilic layer on a surface of the plate electrode facing the second substrate, the hydrophilic layer being in contact with the non-polar liquid layer. That is, when a layer of liquid close to the second substrate is a polar liquid and a layer of liquid close to the first substrate is a non-polar liquid, a hydrophilic layer is disposed on the plate electrode.
  • the material for making the hydrophobic layer can be selected from common hydrophobic materials.
  • the hydrophobic layer is made of a polyimide (Polyimide, PI for short) material.
  • the material for making the hydrophilic layer can be selected from common hydrophilic materials.
  • the hydrophilic layer is made of a polyacrylic resin.
  • the first substrate and the second substrate are transparent substrates, and the plate electrodes are transparent plate electrodes, and the strip electrodes may be transparent strip electrodes or opaque strip electrodes.
  • the conductive protrusion is made of a metal material, for example, the metal conductive protrusion is made of copper or gold; or
  • the conductive protrusion includes a support protrusion and a conductive layer covering the support protrusion, the conductive layer is electrically connected to the strip electrode, and the conductive layer may also be made of copper or gold.
  • the cross section of the retaining wall perpendicular to the plane of the transparent substrate may have various shapes such as a square, a triangle, and a trapezoid. In one embodiment, the cross-section of the retaining wall perpendicular to the plane of the transparent substrate is trapezoidal.
  • the internal angle of the trapezoid is selected to be the same as the contact angle of the polar liquid, and when the polar liquid is water or an aqueous solution, the internal acute angle of the trapezoid is 75 to 85 degrees. Since the use of water is more environmentally friendly, the polar liquid is preferably water or an aqueous solution.
  • the retaining wall is disposed on the strip electrode.
  • the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer is made of 16-mercaptohexadecyl acid, and other common hydrophobic-hydrophobic conversion materials may be used, such as a polystyrene/nano-titanium dioxide composite coating.
  • the 16-mercaptohexadecyl acid When the conductive protrusion is positively charged, the 16-mercaptohexadecyl acid is hydrophobic, has a larger contact angle with the polar solution, and the interface between the polar solution and the non-polar solution is substantially horizontal, and the display light passes through the grating.
  • the 16-mercaptohexadecyl acid is hydrophilic, and has a small contact angle with the polar solution, Sexual solution and non-
  • the interface of the polar solution forms a convex surface on the side of the polar solution, which is equivalent to forming a curved lens, that is, a cylindrical lens grating is placed on the light emitting end of the display to realize a three-dimensional display effect.
  • a display device comprising a display device and a grating according to any of the above embodiments on a light exit side of the display device.
  • the display device can realize two-dimensional/three-dimensional switching.
  • a method of fabricating a grating comprising the steps of:
  • the first substrate and the second substrate are subjected to a vacuum box.
  • a hydrophobic layer is further formed on the plate electrode such that the hydrophobic layer is in contact with the polar liquid layer.
  • a hydrophilic layer is further formed on the plate electrode such that the hydrophilic layer is in contact with the non-polar liquid layer.
  • a support protrusion is formed on each of the strip electrodes, and a conductive layer is covered on the support protrusion, and the conductive layer is electrically connected to the strip electrode.
  • a metal layer having a predetermined thickness is formed on the formed strip electrodes by a sputtering process or a plating process, and then using a mask patterning process The metal layer is patterned to form conductive bumps.
  • a support boss is formed on each of the strip electrodes and is supported by the support
  • a silicon nitride layer is coated on the second substrate of the formed strip electrode, and a supporting convex portion is formed through exposure and dry etching, and a layer is deposited on the supporting convex portion. Conductive layer.
  • 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid is coated on the second substrate on which the conductive bumps are formed to form a retaining wall.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal grating in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a grating according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective exploded view of the grating shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an operation state of the grating shown in FIG. 2 when a positive voltage is applied to a strip electrode;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a grating according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a grating according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a method of fabricating a grating according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a grating including: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, the second substrate facing the second One side of the substrate has a plate electrode, and a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate has a plurality of strip electrodes arranged at intervals; a plurality of retaining walls are disposed to respectively correspond to the strip electrodes, and are located Between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a pole filled between each two adjacent said retaining walls Liquid layer and non-polar liquid layer.
  • Each of the retaining walls includes: a conductive protrusion electrically connected to the strip electrode; and a hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer covering the conductive protrusion.
  • the polar liquid layer and the non-polar liquid layer have various options, the refractive index difference between the two liquid layers is large, and the curved surface formed by the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer is large, and therefore, the refraction
  • the range of the rate distribution is large, the viewing angle can be improved, and the cost of the liquid is lower than that of the liquid crystal.
  • the grating includes: a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2 disposed opposite each other, a plurality of retaining walls 5, and a polar liquid layer and a non-polar liquid layer.
  • the surface of the first substrate 1 facing the second substrate 2 is provided with a plate electrode 3, and the surface of the second substrate 2 facing the first substrate 1 is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes 4 arranged at intervals.
  • a plurality of retaining walls 5 are disposed to respectively correspond to each of the strip electrodes 4, and the plurality of retaining walls 5 are located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and each of the retaining walls 5 includes an electrical connection with the strip electrodes 4.
  • the polar liquid layer 7 and the non-polar liquid layer 6 are filled between each two adjacent retaining walls 5 and are divided into two layers along the height direction of the retaining wall 5.
  • the positions of the non-polar liquid layer 6 and the polar liquid layer 7 are not limited to the positions shown in FIG. 2, that is, the positions of the non-polar liquid layer 6 and the polar liquid layer 7 may be the same as in FIG.
  • the positions of the medium-polar liquid layer 6 and the polar liquid layer 7 are interchanged.
  • the liquid crystal is not used, and the polar liquid layer 7 and the non-polar liquid layer 6 are used, and the polar liquid layer 7 and the non-polar liquid layer 6 are provided to the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer.
  • the affinity properties of 52 vary its refractive index.
  • the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer 52 exhibits hydrophilicity, and the interface between the non-polar liquid layer 6 and the polar liquid layer 7 exhibits polarity.
  • the liquid layer 7 - the convex surface of the side is equivalent to form a cylindrical lens grating. Since the polar liquid layer 7 and the non-polar liquid layer 6 have various options, the difference in refractive index between the two liquid layers is large, and the curvature of the curved surface is large, so that the range of the refractive index distribution is large, thereby improving The viewing angle, and the liquid cost is lower compared to liquid crystal. Further, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal grating is temperature-limited, and the grating crucible liquid of the present invention has a good temperature adaptability to the surrounding environment and can be applied to a hotter or colder space.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective exploded view of the grating shown in Figure 2, showing the polar liquid layer and the non-polar Liquid layer.
  • the first substrate 1 is provided with a plate electrode 3
  • the second substrate 2 is provided with a plurality of strip electrodes 4 arranged at intervals, and the retaining wall 5 is disposed on the strip electrode 4, each adjacent to each other.
  • the barrier wall 5 has a polar liquid layer and a non-polar liquid layer.
  • the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer 52 when the strip electrode 4 is not energized or a negative voltage is applied to the strip electrode 4, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer 52 exhibits hydrophilicity, the non-polar liquid layer 6 and the polar liquid layer 7 The interface presents a convex surface that protrudes toward the side of the polar liquid layer 7, that is, a plurality of convex lenses are formed.
  • the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer 52 when a positive voltage is applied to the strip electrodes 4, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer 52 exhibits hydrophobicity, and the interface between the polar liquid layer 7 and the non-polar liquid layer 6 can be maintained horizontally, which is equivalent to a planar lens. Therefore, the two-dimensional display of the image and the two-dimensional to three-dimensional conversion can also be realized by the grating of the present invention.
  • the polar liquid layer 7 may be selected from pure water, an inorganic aqueous solution, such as an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, or the like;
  • the non-polar liquid layer 6 may be selected from a colorless and transparent oil, such as A benzoquinone based silicone oil having a refractive index of 1.425 and a density of 1.07 is available.
  • the polar liquid layer 7 and the non-polar liquid layer 6 having a large difference in density can be selected to ensure the interlayer positional relationship of the two liquid layers when the grating moves, which can be understood as a polar liquid layer 7 and a non-polar liquid layer. 6
  • the relationship between the top and bottom it should be noted that the above-mentioned "upper and lower” are only relative, and the present invention is not limited.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a grating in accordance with a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the grating when the non-polar liquid layer 6 is close to the second substrate 2 and the polar liquid layer 7 is close to the first substrate 1, the grating further includes a hydrophobic layer on the surface of the plate electrode 3 facing the second substrate 2. 8.
  • the hydrophobic layer 8 is in contact with the polar liquid layer 7. This arrangement is advantageous for distinguishing the liquid interface and preventing the distribution of the non-polar liquid layer 6 and the polar liquid layer 7 from being unsatisfactory.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a grating according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the grating when the polar liquid layer 7 is close to the second substrate 2, and the non-polar liquid layer 6 is close to the first substrate 1, the grating further includes a hydrophilic layer on the surface of the plate electrode 3 facing the second substrate 2. Layer 9, the hydrophilic layer 9, is in contact with the non-polar liquid layer 6. This arrangement is advantageous for distinguishing the liquid interface and preventing the distribution of the non-polar liquid layer 6 and the polar liquid layer 7 from being unsatisfactory.
  • the material forming the hydrophobic layer 8 may be a common hydrophobic material.
  • the hydrophobic layer 8 is made of polyaluminum Made of amine (Polyimide, PI for short) materials.
  • the material forming the hydrophilic layer 9 may be a common hydrophilic material.
  • the hydrophilic layer 9 is made of a polyacrylic resin.
  • the thickness of the hydrophobic layer 8 and the hydrophilic layer 9 is generally set to 400 angstroms to 2000 angstroms.
  • the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are transparent substrates
  • the plate electrode 3 is a transparent plate electrode
  • the strip electrode 4 may be a transparent strip electrode or an opaque strip electrode.
  • the material for making the transparent electrode can be ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), and the thickness is generally 400 angstroms to 2000 angstroms.
  • the conductive protrusions 51 are made of a metal conductive material.
  • the material for forming the metal conductive protrusions may be copper or gold.
  • the conductive boss 51 includes a support boss and a conductive layer covering the support boss, the conductive layer being electrically connected to the strip electrode 4.
  • the material for making the conductive layer can also be copper or gold.
  • the supporting protrusions mainly serve to support the retaining wall, and the material thereof may be silicon nitride. Since only the conductive layer is electrically connected to the strip electrode 4, and since the deposited thickness is small when the conductive layer is formed, the conductive bump 51 includes an embodiment of the support protrusion and the conductive layer covering the support protrusion. It can also increase production efficiency.
  • the cross section of the retaining wall 5 perpendicular to the plane of the transparent substrate may have various shapes, such as a square shape, a triangular shape, and a trapezoidal shape.
  • the retaining wall 5 is perpendicular to the transparent substrate.
  • the plane of the plane is trapezoidal.
  • the internal angle of the trapezoid and the polar liquid layer 7 are selected to have the same hydrophilic contact angle as the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material.
  • the inner acute angle of the trapezoid is 75 to 85 degrees. Since the use of water is more environmentally friendly, the polar liquid forming the polar liquid layer 7 may be water or an aqueous solution.
  • the retaining wall 5 is disposed on the strip electrode 4, and the conductive boss 51 of the retaining wall 5 is electrically connected to the strip electrode 4.
  • the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer 52 overlying the conductive projections 51 can exhibit hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity depending on the energization state and/or polarity of the strip electrodes 4.
  • the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer 52 is made of 16-decylhexadecyl acid, but the present invention is not limited thereto. You can also use other common pro-hydrophobic conversion materials. Material, for example, a polystyrene/nano-titanium dioxide composite coating.
  • the 16-mercaptohexadecyl acid When the conductive protrusion 51 is positively charged, the 16-mercaptohexadecyl acid exhibits hydrophobicity, has a larger contact angle with the polar solution, and the interface of the polar solution 7 and the non-polar solution 6 is substantially horizontal, the display The light does not change after passing through the grating, and has a two-dimensional display effect; when the conductive protrusion 52 is negatively charged or uncharged, the 16-mercaptohexadecyl acid is hydrophilic, and the polar solution has a smaller The contact angle, the interface between the polar solution 7 and the non-polar solution 6 forms a convex surface on the side of the polar solution, which is equivalent to forming a curved lens, that is, a cylindrical lens grating is placed on the light emitting end of the display to realize a three-dimensional display effect, thereby Realize the conversion of 2D/3D display.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device.
  • the display device includes a display device 10 and a grating according to any of the above embodiments on the light exit side of the display device 10.
  • the display device can be used as a two-dimensional/three-dimensional switchable display device.
  • the position of the strip electrodes 4 may be above the black matrix of the color filter substrate. For example, 4 to 5 pixels may be provided corresponding to one strip electrode 4.
  • a method of fabricating a grating includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 forming a plurality of strip electrodes arranged at intervals on the second substrate;
  • Step 102 forming a conductive protrusion on each of the strip electrodes and a hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer covering the conductive protrusion, the conductive protrusion and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material layer forming a retaining wall;
  • Step 103 providing a non-polar liquid layer and a polar liquid layer between each two adjacent retaining walls; Step 104, forming a plate electrode on the first substrate;
  • Step 105 Perform vacuum separation on the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the step 104 may be performed in parallel with the steps 101 to 103, or may be performed before the step 101, but the first substrate and the first substrate are respectively disposed before the first substrate and the second substrate are vacuum-paired.
  • the second substrate can be completed.
  • the method further includes: forming a hydrophobic layer on the plate electrode a layer that brings the hydrophobic layer into contact with the polar liquid layer.
  • the step of forming a hydrophilic layer on the plate electrode before performing the vacuum bonding on the first substrate and the second substrate the step of forming a hydrophilic layer on the plate electrode before performing the vacuum bonding on the first substrate and the second substrate
  • the hydrophilic layer is brought into contact with the non-polar liquid layer.
  • the metal conductive bump is formed of a metal material.
  • a support protrusion is formed on each of the strip electrodes, and a conductive layer is covered on the support protrusion so that the conductive layer and the strip electrode are electrically connection.
  • a plate electrode can be formed on the first substrate by sputtering deposition to form a plate electrode material, for example. It may be a transparent conductive layer such as ITO or IZO, and the thickness is generally 400 ⁇ to 2000 ⁇ , and the substrate is selected as a glass substrate;
  • the second substrate manufacturing process in the step of forming a strip electrode on the second substrate, the metal may be used as the strip electrode; in the case of the strip electrode made of metal, the metal layer is first deposited, and the thickness is generally several hundred angstroms. Left and right, and then through a mask patterning process (the mask patterning process usually includes cleaning, film formation, coating photoresist, exposure, development, dry or wet etching, photoresist stripping, etc.) to form a plurality of spaced strips Shape electrode
  • a conductive protrusion is formed on a corresponding region of the formed strip-shaped metal electrode, and in the case where the conductive bump is made of a metal material, a metal layer of a certain thickness is formed by a sputtering process or an electroplating process, and then used
  • the mask patterning process performs patterning on the metal layer, and the mask patterning process adopts a dry etching method to finally form a metal conductive convex portion having a certain angle by controlling the etching rate, and those skilled in the art can according to the process and equipment.
  • the silicon nitride (SiNx) layer is coated on the second substrate on which the strip electrode is formed, after exposure, dry etching, etc.
  • the bottom width of the support protrusion is not more than the line width of the patterned strip electrode on the second substrate, and a conductive layer is deposited on the support protrusion, for example, the conductive layer may be a metal layer.
  • the deposited metal layer is electrically connected to the strip electrode, and this method helps to reduce the thickness of the metal layer and improve production efficiency;
  • a layer of a hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion material is coated on the second substrate on which the conductive protrusions are formed, for example, coating
  • MHA 16-Mercaptohexadecanoic acid
  • the unnecessary area is etched away, and only the MHA part of the surface of the conductive protrusion is retained; then, the dam is formed on the second substrate, and the dam is generally coated with a sealant, and the dam is applied around the second substrate, the device
  • the encapsulation function is applied to the periphery of the second substrate by applying a rubber coating head, and after injecting the liquid of the non-polar liquid layer and the liquid of the polar liquid layer, vacuum-aligning the box with the first substrate, and sealing the frame sealant
  • a grating is obtained after photocuring encapsulation processing, which may also be referred to as a 2D/3D switching control panel.
  • the 2D/3D switching control panel and the display are glued together to complete the display device.
  • the spirit and scope of the Ming the present invention cover the modifications and variations of the inventions

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

一种光栅、显示装置及光栅的制造方法，所述光栅包括相对设置的第一基板（1）和第二基板（2），第一基板（1）面向第二基板（2）的一面具有板式电极（3），第二基板（2）面向第一基板（1）的一面具有多个间隔排列的条形电极（4）。对应每个条形电极（4）设置有挡墙（5），挡墙（5）夹置于第一基板（1）和第二基板（2）之间，挡墙（5）包括导电凸起部（51）以及覆盖导电凸起部（51）的亲疏水转换材料层（52），导电凸起部（51）与条形电极（4）电连接。每相邻的两个挡墙（5）之间填充有液体层，所述液体层包括极性液体（6）和非极性液体（7）。采用该技术方案，可以提高光栅的可视角度，并降低成本。

Description

光栅、 显示装置及光栅的制造方法
技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种显示装置， 特别是， 涉及一种用于显示装置的光 栅、 显示装置及光栅的制造方法。 背景技术
随着液晶显示技术的不断发展， 3D ( Three-Dimensional, 三维）立体显示 技术已经备受关注。光栅 3D显示器由光栅和 2D (二维）显示器精密耦合而成。 根据所用光栅的不同， 光栅 3D显示器分为狭缝式光栅 3D显示器和柱透镜式 光栅 3D显示器， 其目的是对光线传播的路径进行一定方式的控制， 使观看者 的左右眼观看到不同的视差图像， 从而在人脑中合成立体图像。
在 3D显示技术中， 基于液晶光栅的 3D 显示装置由于结构简单、 与液晶 工艺较为兼容以及性能良好等优点而备受关注，其中，所述基于液晶光栅的 3D 显示装置通常是基于双目视差和光栅结构分光原理来实现 3D 立体显示效果 的， 其一般包括显示器件和设置于所述显示器件上方的液晶光栅。
如图 1所示， 现有技术液晶光栅的结构示意图， 所述光栅包括相对设置的 上基板 11和下基板 12, 以及位于上基板 11和下基板 12之间的液晶层 15, 上 基板 11面向液晶层 15的一面具有条形电极 13 ,下基板 12面向液晶层 15的一 面具有板式电极 14。板式电极接地，对不同位置的条形电极施加设定的周期性 电压， 可使得不同位置的液晶在电场的作用下沿特定方向排列， 进而实现液晶 层折射率的空间分布， 当液晶层折射率的分布呈现类似于固态凸透镜的分布 时， 可以实现 3D显示。
现有技术的缺陷在于， 光栅中液晶的选择有限， 液晶折射率分布受到液晶 偏转的限制， 导致可视角度较小， 此外液晶成本较高。 发明内容 本发明的目的是提供一种光栅、 显示装置及光栅的制造方法， 用以提高光 栅可视角度， 并降低光栅成本。
根据本发明的一种实施例， 提供一种光栅， 包括：
相对设置的第一基板和第二基板， 所述第一基板的面向第二基板的一表面 设有板式电极， 所述第二基板的面向第一基板的一表面设有多个间隔排列的条 形电极；
多个挡墙， 设置成分别与所述条形电极相对应， 并位于第一基板和第二基 板之间， 每个所述挡墙包括：
与所述条形电极电连接的导电凸起部； 以及
覆盖所述导电凸起部的亲疏水转换材料层； 以及
填充于每两个相邻的所述挡墙之间的极性液体层和非极性液体层。
根据本发明的上述技术方案，不釆用液晶，而釆用极性液体和非极性液体， 通过极性液体和非极性液体的对亲疏水转换材料层的亲疏性质不同， 等同形成 柱透镜式光栅。 由于极性液体和非极性液体有多种选择， 两种液体的折射率差 异较大， 与亲疏水转换材料层形成的曲面弧度较大， 因此， 折射率分布的范围 较大， 可以提高可视角度， 并且相比于液晶， 液体的成本较低。 当对条形电极 加正电时， 亲疏水转换材料层呈现疏水性， 极性液体与呈现疏水性的亲疏水转 换材料的接触角较大， 极性液体和非极性液体的界面可以保持水平， 相当于平 面透镜； 当不对条形电极加电或对条形电极加负电时， 亲疏水转换材料层呈现 亲水性， 所述非极性液体和极性液体的界面呈现向所述极性液体一侧凸出的凸 面， 相当于柱式凸透镜， 因此通过本发明的技术方案也可实现图像的二维与三 维的转换。 另外， 液晶光栅的液晶受温度限制， 而本发明的光栅采用液体， 对 周围环境的温度适应性较好， 可以应用于较热或较冷的空间。
所述光栅还包括位于所述板式电极的面向所述第二基板的表面的疏水层， 所述疏水层与极性液体层接触。 即， 当靠近所述第二基板的一层液体为非极性 液体， 靠近所述第一基板的一层液体为极性液体时， 板式电极上设置疏水层。 所述光栅还包括位于所述板式电极的面向所述第二基板的表面的亲水层 , 所述亲水层与非极性液体层接触。 即， 当靠近所述第二基板的一层液体为极性 液体，靠近所述第一基板的一层液体为非极性液体时，板式电极上设置亲水层。
制作疏水层的材料可以选择常见的疏水性材料。 在一种实施例中， 所述疏 水层由聚酰亚胺（Polyimide, 简称 PI )材料制成。
制作亲水层的材料可以选择常见的亲水性材料。 在一种实施例中， 所述亲 水层由聚丙烯酸树脂制成。
第一基板和第二基板为透明基板， 板式电极为透明板式电极， 条形电极可 以为透明条形电极也可以为不透明条形电极。
在一种实施例中， 所述导电凸起部由金属材料制成， 例如金属导电凸起部 由铜或金制成； 或者，
所述导电凸起部包括支撑凸起部以及覆盖所述支撑凸起部的导电层， 所述 导电层与所述条形电极电连接， 导电层也可以由铜或金制成。
挡墙的垂直于所述透明基板所在平面的截面可以为多种形状， 例如方形、 三角形和梯形。 在一种实施例中， 釆用挡墙的垂直于所述透明基板所在平面的 截面为梯形。
在一种实施例中， 选择所述梯形的内角与极性液体的接触角相同， 当所述 极性液体为水或水溶液，所述梯形的内锐角为 75~85度。由于使用水更加环保， 因此极性液体优选为水或水溶液。
在上述光栅中， 所述挡墙设置于所述条形电极上。
在上述光栅中， 亲疏水转换材料层由 16-巯基十六烷基酸制成， 也可以釆 用其他常见的亲疏水转换材料， 其他的比如聚苯乙烯 /纳米二氧化钛复合涂层。
当导电凸起部带正电荷时， 16-巯基十六烷基酸呈现疏水性， 与极性溶液 有较大的接触角， 极性溶液与非极性溶液的界面基本水平， 显示器光线经过光 栅后光线不发生改变， 为二维显示效果； 当导电凸起部带负电荷或不带电时， 16-巯基十六烷基酸呈现亲水性， 与极性溶液有较小的接触角， 极性溶液与非 极性溶液的界面向极性溶液一侧形成凸面， 相当于形成曲面透镜， 即在显示器 的光线射出端放置有柱透镜式光栅， 实现三维显示效果。
根据本发明进一步方面的实施例， 提供一种显示装置， 包括显示器件以及 位于所述显示器件出光侧的上述任一种实施例所述的光栅。
由于通过对条形电极施加不同的电荷， 上述光栅可以为平面透镜， 也可以 形成曲面透镜， 因此， 该显示装置可以实现二维 /三维切换。
根据本发明更进一步方面的实施例， 提供一种光栅的制造方法， 包括如下 步骤：
在第二基板上形成多个间隔排布的条形电极；
在每个所述条形电极上形成导电凸起部以及覆盖所述导电凸起部的亲疏 水转换材料层， 所述导电凸起部及亲疏水转换材料层形成挡墙；
在每两个相邻的挡墙之间设置非极性液体层以及极性液体层；
在第一基板上形成板式电极； 以及
将所述第一基板和所述第二基板进行真空对盒。
在上述制造方法中， 在第一基板上形成板式电极的步骤中， 进一步在所述 板式电极上形成疏水层， 使得所述疏水层与极性液体层接触。
在上述制造方法中， 在第一基板上形成板式电极的步骤中， 进一步在所述 板式电极上形成亲水层， 使得所述亲水层与非极性液体层接触。
在上述制造方法中， 在每个所述条形电极上形成导电凸起部的步骤中： 由金属材料形成所述导电凸起部； 或者，
在每个所述条形电极上形成支撑凸起部， 并在所述支撑凸起部上覆盖导电 层， 所述导电层与所述条形电极电连接。
在上述制造方法中， 在由金属材料形成所述导电凸起部的步骤中， 在形成 的条形电极上通过溅射工艺或电镀工艺形成具有预定厚度的金属层， 再使用掩 膜构图工艺对金属层进行图案化处理， 以形成导电凸起部。
在上述制造方法中，在每个所述条形电极上形成支撑凸起部并在所述支撑 凸起部上覆盖导电层的步骤中， 在形成的条形电极的第二基板上涂覆氮化硅 层， 经过曝光、 干刻工艺形成支撑凸起部， 在支撑凸起部上沉积一层导电层。
在上述制造方法中，在形成导电凸起部的第二基板上涂覆 16-巯基十六酸， 以形成挡墙。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中一种液晶光栅的结构示意图；
图 2为根据本发明的第一种实例性实施例的光栅的结构示意图；
图 3为图 2所示的光栅的立体分解示意图；
图 4为图 2所示的光栅在对条形电极加正电压时的工作状态示意图； 图 5为根据本发明的第二种实例性实施例的光栅的结构示意图；
图 6为根据本发明的第三种实例性实施例的光栅的结构示意图；
图 7为根据本发明的一种实例性实施例的显示装置的结构示意图； 以及 图 8为根据本发明一种实例性实施例的光栅的制造方法的流程示意图。
术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实 施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在 没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范 围。
为了提高光栅可视角度， 并降低光栅成本， 根据本发明的总体上的发明构 思， 提供了一种光栅， 包括： 相对设置的第一基板和第二基板， 所述第一基板 的面向第二基板的一侧具有板式电极， 所述第二基板的面向第一基板的一侧具 有多个间隔排列的条形电极； 多个挡墙， 设置成分别与所述条形电极相对应， 并位于第一基板和第二基板之间； 以及填充于每两个相邻的所述挡墙之间的极 性液体层和非极性液体层。 每个所述挡墙包括： 与所述条形电极电连接的导电 凸起部； 以及覆盖所述导电凸起部的亲疏水转换材料层。
在本发明的光栅中， 由于极性液体层和非极性液体层有多种选择， 两种液 体层的折射率差异较大， 与亲疏水转换材料层形成的曲面弧度较大， 因此， 折 射率分布的范围较大，可以提高可视角度，并且相比于液晶，液体的成本较低。
图 2为根据本发明的第一种实例性实施例的光栅的结构示意图。 所述光栅 包括： 相对设置的第一基板 1和第二基板 2、 多个挡墙 5、 以及极性液体层和 非极性液体层。 第一基板 1的面向第二基板 2的表面设有板式电极 3 , 第二基 板 2的面向第一基板 1的表面设有多个间隔排列的条形电极 4。 多个挡墙 5设 置成分别与每个条形电极 4相对应， 多个挡墙 5位于第一基板 1和第二基板 2 之间， 每个挡墙 5包括与条形电极 4电连接的导电凸起部 51 以及覆盖导电凸 起部 51的亲疏水转换材料层 52。 极性液体层 7和非极性液体层 6填充于每两 个相邻的挡墙 5之间， 并沿挡墙 5的高度方向分为两层。
在本发明的实施例中， 非极性液体层 6和极性液体层 7的位置不限于图 2 中所示位置， 即非极性液体层 6和极性液体层 7的位置可以与图 2中非极性液 体层 6和极性液体层 7的位置互换。 在本发明的实施例的光栅中不釆用液晶， 而釆用极性液体层 7和非极性液体层 6 , 通过极性液体层 7和非极性液体层 6 的对亲疏水转换材料层 52的亲疏性质不同改变其折射率。 例如， 当不对条形 电极 4加电或对条形电极 4加负电压时， 亲疏水转换材料层 52呈现亲水性， 非极性液体层 6和极性液体层 7的界面呈现向极性液体层 7—侧凸出的凸面， 等同形成柱透镜式光栅。 由于极性液体层 7和非极性液体层 6有多种选择， 两 种液体层的折射率差异较大， 形成的曲面弧度较大， 因此， 折射率分布的范围 较大， 由此可以提高可视角度， 并且相比于液晶， 液体的成本较低。 另外， 液 晶光栅的液晶受温度限制， 而本发明的光栅釆用液体， 对周围环境的温度适应 性较好， 可以应用于较热或较冷的空间。
图 3为图 2所示的光栅的立体分解示意图， 图中未示出极性液体层和非极 性液体层。 如图 3所示， 第一基板 1上设有板式电极 3 , 第二基板 2上设有多 个间隔排列的条形电极 4, 挡墙 5设置在条形电极 4上， 每两个相邻的挡墙 5 之间具有极性液体层和非极性液体层。
请继续参照图 2所示，当不对条形电极 4加电或对条形电极 4加负电压时， 亲疏水转换材料层 52呈现亲水性， 非极性液体层 6和极性液体层 7的界面呈 现向极性液体层 7—侧凸出的凸面， 即形成多个凸面透镜。 如图 4所示， 当对 条形电极 4施加正电压时， 亲疏水转换材料层 52呈现疏水性， 极性液体层 7 和非极性液体层 6的界面可以保持水平， 相当于平面透镜。 因此通过本发明的 光栅也可实现图像的二维显示、 以及二维至三维的转换。
在一种示例性实施例中， 极性液体层 7可选用纯水、 无机水溶液、 例如氯 化钠水溶液、 氯化钾水溶液等； 非极性液体层 6可选用无色透明的油质， 例如 可选用苯曱基硅油， 其折射率为 1.425 , 密度为 1.07。 可以选择密度差别较大 的极性液体层 7和非极性液体层 6 , 以保证光栅移动时两种液体层的层间位置 关系， 具体可以理解为极性液体层 7和非极性液体层 6相互之间的上下关系， 需要说明的是这里所说的 "上、 下" 只是相对的， 本发明并不做限制。
图 5为根据本发明的第二种实例性实施例的光栅的结构示意图。如图 5所 示， 当非极性液体层 6靠近第二基板 2 , 极性液体层 7靠近第一基板 1时， 光 栅还包括位于板式电极 3的面向第二基板 2的表面上的疏水层 8, 即疏水层 8 与极性液体层 7接触。 如此设置有利于区分液体界面， 防止非极性液体层 6与 极性液体层 7的分布不理想。
图 6为根据本发明的第三种实例性实施例的光栅的结构示意图。如图 6所 示， 当极性液体层 7靠近第二基板 2， 非极性液体层 6靠近第一基板 1时， 光 栅还包括位于板式电极 3的面向第二基板 2的表面上的亲水层 9, 即亲水层 9 与非极性液体层 6接触。 如此设置有利于区分液体界面， 防止非极性液体层 6 与极性液体层 7的分布不理想。
形成疏水层 8的材料可以为常见的疏水性材料。 例如， 疏水层 8由聚酰亚 胺（ Polyimide , 简称 PI )材料制成。
形成亲水层 9的材料可以为常见的亲水性材料。 例如， 亲水层 9由聚丙烯 酸树脂制成。 对于疏水层 8和亲水层 9的厚度无特殊要求， 只要能够保证膜层 的均匀性即可， 一般厚度设置为 400埃〜 2000埃。
第一基板 1和第二基板 2为透明基板， 板式电极 3为透明板式电极， 条形 电极 4可以透明条形电极也可以为不透明条形电极。制作透明电极的材质可以 为 ITO ( Indium Tin Oxide, 匕铟锡）或 IZO ( Indium Zinc Oxide, 匕铟辞）， 厚度一般在 400埃〜 2000埃。
请继续参照图 2所示， 在一种实施例中， 导电凸起部 51 由金属导材料制 成， 例如， 制作金属导电凸起部的材质可以为铜或金。 在一种可替换的实施 例中， 导电凸起部 51 包括支撑凸起部以及覆盖支撑凸起部的导电层， 导电层 与条形电极 4电连接。 制作导电层的材质也可以为铜或金。 支撑凸起部主要起 到支撑挡墙的作用， 其材质可以为氮化硅。 由于与条形电极 4电连接的仅为导 电层， 而且由于导电层制作时沉积厚度较小， 因此釆用导电凸起部 51 包括支 撑凸起部以及覆盖支撑凸起部的导电层的实施方案还可以提高生产效率。
如图 2、 4-6所示， 挡墙 5的垂直于所述透明基板所在平面的截面可以为 多种形状， 例如方形、 三角形和梯形， 优选釆用挡墙 5的垂直于所述透明基板 所在平面的截面为梯形。
选择梯形的内角与极性液体层 7与亲疏水转换材料呈现亲水性的接触角相 同。 例如， 当极性液体层 7为水或水溶液， 设计梯形的内锐角为 75~85度。 由 于使用水更加环保， 因此形成极性液体层 7的极性液体可以为水或水溶液。
如图 2-6所示， 挡墙 5设置于条形电极 4上， 并且挡墙 5的导电凸起部 51 与条形电极 4电连接。 这样， 覆盖在导电凸起部 51上的亲疏水转换材料层 52 可以根据条形电极 4的通电状态和 /或极性呈现亲水性或者疏水性。
对上述各种实施例所述的任一种光栅，亲疏水转换材料层 52由 16-巯基十 六烷基酸制成， 但本发明并不局限于此。 也可以釆用其他常见的亲疏水转换材 料， 例如， 聚苯乙烯 /纳米二氧化钛复合涂层。
当导电凸起部 51带正电荷时， 16-巯基十六烷基酸呈现疏水性， 与极性溶 液有较大的接触角， 极性溶液 7与非极性溶液 6的界面基本水平， 显示器光线 经过光栅后光线不发生变化， 具有二维显示效果； 当导电凸起部 52带负电荷 或不带电时， 16-巯基十六烷基酸呈现亲水性， 与极性溶液有较小的接触角， 极性溶液 7与非极性溶液 6的界面向极性溶液一侧形成凸面，相当于形成曲面 透镜， 即在显示器的光线射出端放置有柱透镜式光栅， 实现三维显示效果， 从 而实现二维 /三维显示的转换。
本发明的实施例还提供一种显示装置， 如图 7所示， 所述显示装置包括显 示器件 10以及位于显示器件 10出光侧的上述任一实施例所述的光栅。
由于通过对条形电极 4施加不同的电荷， 上述光栅可以为平面透镜， 也可 以形成曲面透镜， 因此， 该显示装置可以作为二维 /三维可切换显示装置。
在本发明的显示装置中， 若显示器件 10为液晶面板， 条形电极 4的位置 可以在彩膜基板的黑矩阵对应的上方， 例如， 可以设置 4~5个像素对应一个条 形电极 4。
根据本发明进一步方面的实施例，提供一种光栅的制造方法，如图 8所示， 所述制造方法包括如下步骤：
步骤 101、 在第二基板上形成多个间隔排布的条形电极；
步骤 102、 在每个所述条形电极上形成导电凸起部以及覆盖所述导电凸起 部的亲疏水转换材料层， 所述导电凸起部及亲疏水转换材料层形成挡墙；
步骤 103、 在每两个相邻的挡墙之间设置非极性液体层以及极性液体层； 步骤 104、 在第一基板上形成板式电极；
步骤 105、 将所述第一基板和所述第二基板进行真空对盒。
需要说明的是， 步骤 104可以与步骤 101〜步骤 103并列执行，也可以在步 骤 101之前执行，但只要在将第一基板和所述第二基板进行真空对盒之前分别 对第一基板和第二基板制作完成即可。 在进一步的实施例中， 在将所述第一基板和所述第二基板进行真空对盒之 前， 在第一基板上形成板式电极的步骤中， 进一步还包括： 在所述板式电极上 形成疏水层， 使得所述疏水层与极性液体层接触。
在另一种实施例中， 在将所述第一基板和所述第二基板进行真空对盒之 前， 在第一基板上形成板式电极的步骤中， 进一步在所述板式电极上形成亲水 层， 使得所述亲水层与非极性液体层接触。
在一种实施例中， 在每个所述条形电极上形成导电凸起部的步骤中， 由金 属材料形成所述金属导电凸起部。 在一种可替换的实施例中， 在每个所述条形 电极上形成支撑凸起部， 并在所述支撑凸起部上覆盖导电层， 使得所述导电层 与所述条形电极电连接。
以图 2中所示实施例的光栅为例， 制作光栅的具体的工艺流程如下： 第一基板制作工艺： 可以釆用溅射沉积的方法在第一基板上形成板式电 极， 形成板式电极材质例如可以为 ITO或 IZO等透明导电层， 厚度一般在 400 埃〜 2000埃， 衬底基板选为玻璃基板；
第二基板制作工艺： 在第二基板上形成条形电极的步骤中， 可以釆用金属 作为条形电极； 在以金属制作条形电极的情况下， 首先沉积金属层， 厚度一般 在几百埃左右， 然后通过掩模构图工艺 （掩模构图工艺通常包括清洗、 成膜、 涂布光阻剂、 曝光、 显影、 干刻或湿刻、 光阻剂剥离等工序）形成多个间隔排 列的条形电极；
之后， 在形成的条形的金属电极的对应区域上制作导电凸起部， 在导电凸 起部由金属材料制成的情况下，通过溅射工艺或电镀工艺形成一定厚度的金属 层， 再使用掩膜构图工艺对金属层进行图案化处理， 该掩膜构图工艺中采用干 刻的方法， 通过控制蚀刻速率， 最终形成具有一定角度的金属导电凸起部， 本 领域技术人员可根据工艺和设备能力设定工艺参数形成金属导电凸起部；
在导电凸起部包括支撑凸起部及覆盖支撑凸起部的导电层的情况下， 在制 作完成条形电极的第二基板上涂覆氮化硅（SiNx )层， 经过曝光、 干刻等工艺 形成支撑凸起部， 支撑凸起部的底部宽度不超过第二基板上的图形化的条形电 极的线宽， 在支撑凸起部上沉积一层导电层， 例如导电层可以为金属层， 沉积 的金属层与条形电极电导通， 这种方法有助于降低金属层的厚度， 提高生产效 率；
之后， 在形成导电凸起部的第二基板上涂覆亲疏水转换材料层， 例如涂覆
16-巯基十六酸（ 16-Mercaptohexadecanoic acid, 简称 MHA ), 在形成导电凸起 部的第二基板上涂覆 MHA, MHA与导电凸起部进行自结合， 形成挡墙， 通过 干刻工艺将不需要的区域蚀刻掉， 只保留导电凸起部的表面的 MHA部分； 之后， 在第二基板上形成围坝， 围坝一般采用封框胶， 围坝涂覆于第二基 板四周， 对器件起到封装作用， 通过涂胶头涂布于第二基板四周， 在滴注非极 性液体层的液体和极性液体层的液体后， 与第一基板进行真空对盒， 并对封框 胶进行光固化封装处理后得到光栅， 也可称为 2D/3D切换控制屏。
而对于显示装置， 只需将 2D/3D切换控制屏与显示器用光学胶贴合， 完成 显示装置的制作。 明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及 其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种光栅， 包括：
相对设置的第一基板和第二基板， 所述第一基板的面向第二基板的一表面 设有板式电极， 所述第二基板的面向第一基板的一表面设有多个间隔排列的条 形电极；
多个挡墙， 设置成分别与所述条形电极相对应， 并位于第一基板和第二基 板之间， 每个所述挡墙包括：
与所述条形电极电连接的导电凸起部； 以及
覆盖所述导电凸起部的亲疏水转换材料层； 以及
填充于每两个相邻的所述挡墙之间的极性液体层和非极性液体层。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的光栅， 还包括位于所述板式电极的面向所述第二 基板的表面的疏水层， 所述疏水层与极性液体层接触。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的光栅， 其中， 所述疏水层由聚酰亚胺材料制成。
4、 如权利要求 1 所述的光栅， 还包括位于所述板式电极的面向所述第二 基板的表面的亲水层， 所述亲水层与非极性液体层接触。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的光栅， 其中， 所述亲水层由聚丙烯酸树脂制成。
6、 如权利要求 1-5 中的任一项所述的光栅， 其中， 所述导电凸起部由金 属材料制成； 或者，
所述导电凸起部包括支撑凸起部以及覆盖所述支撑凸起部的导电层， 所述 导电层与所述条形电极电连接。
7、 如权利要求 1-6 中的任一项所述的光栅， 其中， 所述极性液体为水或 水溶液， 所述挡墙的垂直于所述透明基板所在平面的截面为梯形， 所述梯形的 内锐角为 75~85度。
8、 如权利要求 1-7 中的任一项所述的光栅， 其中， 所述挡墙设置于所述 条形电极上。
9、 如权利要求 1~8任一项所述的光栅， 其中， 所述亲疏水转换材料层由 16-巯基十六烷基酸制成。
10、 一种显示装置， 包括显示器件以及位于所述显示器件出光侧的如权利 要求 1 ~9任一项所述的光栅。
11、 一种光栅的制造方法， 其特征在于， 包括如下步骤：
在第二基板上形成多个间隔排布的条形电极；
在每个所述条形电极上形成导电凸起部以及覆盖所述导电凸起部的亲疏 水转换材料层， 所述导电凸起部及亲疏水转换材料层形成挡墙；
在每两个相邻的挡墙之间设置非极性液体层以及极性液体层；
在第一基板上形成板式电极； 以及
将所述第一基板和所述第二基板进行真空对盒。
12、 如权利要求 11 所述的制造方法， 其中， 在第一基板上形成板式电极 的步骤中， 进一步在所述板式电极上形成疏水层， 使得所述疏水层与极性液体 层接触。
13、 如权利要求 11 所述的制造方法， 其中， 在第一基板上形成板式电极 的步骤中， 进一步在所述板式电极上形成亲水层， 使得所述亲水层与非极性液 体层接触。
14、 如权利要求 11 所述的制造方法， 其中， 在每个所述条形电极上形成 导电凸起部的步骤中：
由金属材料形成所述导电凸起部； 或者，
在每个所述条形电极上形成支撑凸起部， 并在所述支撑凸起部上覆盖导电 层， 所述导电层与所述条形电极电连接。
15、 如权利要求 14所述的制造方法， 其中， 在由金属材料形成所述导电 凸起部的步骤中，在形成的条形电极上通过溅射工艺或电镀工艺形成具有预定 厚度的金属层， 再使用掩膜构图工艺对金属层进行图案化处理， 以形成导电凸 起部。
16、 如权利要求 14所述的制造方法， 其中， 在每个所述条形电极上形成 支撑凸起部并在所述支撑凸起部上覆盖导电层的步骤中，在形成的条形电极的 第二基板上涂覆氮化硅层， 经过曝光、 干刻工艺形成支撑凸起部， 在支撑凸起 部上沉积一层导电层。
17、 如权利要求 15或 16所述的制造方法， 其中， 在形成导电凸起部的第 二基板上涂覆 16-巯基十六酸， 以形成挡墙。
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