WO2015115143A1 - 遮音材及び遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス - Google Patents

遮音材及び遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015115143A1
WO2015115143A1 PCT/JP2015/050322 JP2015050322W WO2015115143A1 WO 2015115143 A1 WO2015115143 A1 WO 2015115143A1 JP 2015050322 W JP2015050322 W JP 2015050322W WO 2015115143 A1 WO2015115143 A1 WO 2015115143A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nonwoven fabric
sound
wire harness
base
insulating material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/050322
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高田　裕
Original Assignee
株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所
住友電装株式会社
住友電気工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所, 住友電装株式会社, 住友電気工業株式会社 filed Critical 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所
Priority to US15/109,830 priority Critical patent/US9978352B2/en
Priority to DE112015000560.9T priority patent/DE112015000560T5/de
Priority to CN201580006013.2A priority patent/CN105940444A/zh
Publication of WO2015115143A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015115143A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0846—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for duct, cable or rod passages, e.g. between engine and passenger compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/0207—Wire harnesses
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/04—4 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0246—Acrylic resin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sound insulation material using a nonwoven fabric, and a wire harness with a sound insulation material in which the sound insulation material and the wire harness are integrated.
  • the present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sound insulation material having excellent sound insulation performance and a wire harness with a sound insulation material.
  • the sound insulating material of the present invention is A sound insulating material composed of a nonwoven fabric laminate in which a plurality of nonwoven fabrics are laminated,
  • the nonwoven fabric has a skin material nonwoven fabric and a base material nonwoven fabric having a larger basis weight than the skin material nonwoven fabric, At least the base nonwoven fabric has a first base nonwoven fabric and a second base nonwoven fabric, and the skin material nonwoven fabric is disposed between the first base nonwoven fabric and the second base nonwoven fabric. It is what.
  • the sound insulating material it is preferable to have a skin material nonwoven fabric different from the skin material nonwoven fabric on at least one surface of the nonwoven fabric laminate.
  • the basis weight of the skin material nonwoven fabric is preferably in the range of 10 to 100 g / m 2
  • the basis weight of the base material nonwoven fabric is preferably in the range of 100 to 600 g / m 2 .
  • the wire harness with a sound insulating material of the present invention is characterized in that the above sound insulating material and the wire harness are integrated.
  • the sound insulating material and the wire harness are integrated with the sound insulating material sandwiched between the plurality of nonwoven fabrics.
  • the sound insulation material of the present invention is a sound insulation material composed of a nonwoven fabric laminate in which a plurality of nonwoven fabrics are laminated, and the nonwoven fabric has a skin material nonwoven fabric and a base material nonwoven fabric having a larger basis weight than the skin material nonwoven fabric. And at least the base nonwoven fabric has a first base nonwoven fabric and a second base nonwoven fabric, and the skin material nonwoven fabric is disposed between the first base nonwoven fabric and the second base nonwoven fabric.
  • the wire harness with a sound insulation material of the present invention is a sound insulation material capable of sound insulation of a wide range of frequencies from a low frequency to a high frequency by adopting a configuration in which the sound insulation material and the wire harness are integrated. The trouble of attaching separately from the wire harness can be saved.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an example of a sound insulating material of the present invention.
  • 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the sound insulating material of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an external perspective view showing an example of a wire harness with a sound insulating material of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the wire harness with a sound insulating material is attached to the vehicle body.
  • FIG. 6 is an external perspective view showing a material of a comparative example.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the measurement results of the sound insulation performance of the example.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring sound transmission loss.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an example of a sound insulating material of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
  • the sound insulating material 1 shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 is comprised from the nonwoven fabric laminated body by which the some nonwoven fabric was laminated
  • the sound insulating material 1 includes a skin material nonwoven fabric 2 and a base material nonwoven fabric 3 having a larger basis weight than the skin material nonwoven fabric 2.
  • the base nonwoven fabric 3 two nonwoven fabrics of a first base nonwoven fabric 31 and a second base nonwoven fabric 32 are used.
  • the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 is disposed between the first substrate nonwoven fabric 31 and the second substrate nonwoven fabric 32.
  • the substrate nonwoven fabric 3 such as the first substrate nonwoven fabric 31 or the second substrate nonwoven fabric 32 has a larger basis weight than the skin material nonwoven fabric 2.
  • the base nonwoven fabric 3 having the same configuration is used as the first base nonwoven fabric 31 and the second base nonwoven fabric 32.
  • the fabric weights of the first base nonwoven fabric 31 and the second base nonwoven fabric 32 may be the same, they may be different.
  • the basis weights of the first base nonwoven fabric 31 and the second base nonwoven fabric 32 are different, it is only necessary that the base nonwoven fabric having the smaller basis weight has a larger basis weight than the skin material nonwoven fabric 2.
  • the sound insulating material 1 is superior in the structure in which the basis weight of the base nonwoven fabric 3 (31, 32) and the skin nonwoven fabric 2 is different and the skin nonwoven fabric 2 is disposed between the two base nonwoven fabrics 31 and 32. Sound insulation effect is obtained.
  • Each non-woven fabric constituting the sound insulating material may be simply overlapped, or may be integrated by heat fusion, adhesion, or the like. Preferably, heat welding, needle punch, or the like is used.
  • the nonwoven fabrics may be in close contact with each other, or may have some space.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the sound insulating material of the present invention.
  • the sound insulating material 1 is formed on the outermost surface of the nonwoven fabric laminate in which the first base material nonwoven fabric 31, the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 (first skin material nonwoven fabric 21), and the second base material nonwoven fabric 32 shown in FIG.
  • the first skin material nonwoven fabric 21 may be configured to have a skin material nonwoven fabric 2 (second skin material nonwoven fabric 22) different from the first skin material nonwoven fabric 21.
  • the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 on the outermost surface of the nonwoven fabric laminate may be only one surface on the outermost surface of the sound insulating material 1 as shown in FIG. You may comprise so that it may provide in the other surface and the outermost skin material nonwoven fabric may be laminated
  • the second skin material nonwoven fabric 22 may be provided on the surface of the first base material nonwoven fabric 31 as shown in FIG. However, it may be provided on the surface of the second base nonwoven fabric 32 side.
  • the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 preferably has a basis weight in the range of 10 to 100 g / m 2 . If the basis weight of the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 is too large, it may be difficult to obtain a sound insulation effect as the skin material. If the basis weight of the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 is too small, the sound insulation effect of the skin material may not be sufficiently exhibited.
  • the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 preferably has a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 3 mm. If the thickness of the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 becomes too thick, the sound insulation effect of the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 may be difficult to obtain. If the thickness of the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 becomes too thin, the sound insulation effect of the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 may not be exhibited.
  • the fiber diameter of the fiber used for the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 is preferably in the range of 1 to 50 ⁇ m. If the fiber diameter is too thin, the sound insulation performance is high, but the material may become brittle. In addition, if the fiber diameter is too thick, the sound insulation effect of the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 may not be exhibited.
  • the shape of the fiber used for the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 may be a core-sheath type, a cylindrical type, a hollow type, a side-by-side type, or a modified cross-section fiber having a different shape from a normal fiber.
  • the fibers used for the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 may be either short fibers or long fibers.
  • polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyolefin, nylon, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, rayon, acrylic, acrylonitrile, cellulose, kenaf, and glass.
  • the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 can be a nonwoven fabric produced by needle punching, spunbonding, spunlace, melt blown, or the like.
  • the base nonwoven fabric 3 preferably has a basis weight in the range of 100 to 600 g / m 2 .
  • the basis weight of the base nonwoven fabric 3 increases, the sound insulation rate increases, and when the basis weight decreases, the sound insulation rate tends to decrease.
  • the base nonwoven fabric 3 preferably has a thickness in the range of 5 to 40 mm.
  • the fiber diameter of the fiber used for the base nonwoven fabric 3 is preferably in the range of 9 to 100 ⁇ m. When the fiber diameter of the fiber used for the base nonwoven fabric 3 is thin, the sound insulation performance is high, and when the fiber diameter is thick, the sound insulation performance tends to be low.
  • the shape of the fiber used for the base nonwoven fabric 3 may be a core-sheath type, a cylindrical type, a hollow type, a side-by-side type, or a modified cross-section fiber having a different shape from a normal fiber.
  • the fibers used for the base nonwoven fabric 3 may be either short fibers or long fibers.
  • polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyolefin, nylon, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, rayon, acrylic, acrylonitrile, cellulose, kenaf, and glass.
  • the base nonwoven fabric 3 can be a nonwoven fabric produced by needle punching, spunbonding, spunlace, melt blown, or the like.
  • the basis weight of each non-woven fabric constituting the skin material non-woven fabric 2 or the base non-woven fabric 3 can be appropriately selected according to the sound insulation performance or the like.
  • the skin material nonwoven fabric 2 disposed at a position closest to the sound source side is configured to have the highest density. This is because when the sound incident on the sound insulating material 1 is reflected inside, it can be prevented from going out to the sound source side again through the skin material nonwoven fabric 2.
  • the density of the nonwoven fabric is an apparent density (bulk density) and can be determined from the basis weight and thickness.
  • the basis weight can be measured by using a test method for determining the mass per unit area of JIS L1913.
  • the thickness at the time of pressurization can be used by the pressure of 0.1 kPa.
  • FIG. 4 is an external perspective view showing an example of a wire harness with a sound insulating material of the present invention.
  • the wire harness 6 with a sound insulating material is an example in which the sound insulating material 1 and the wire harness 7 shown in FIG. 3 are combined.
  • the sound insulating material 1 and the wire harness 7 are integrated.
  • the wire harness 7 is integrated in a state where a part thereof is sandwiched between the first base material nonwoven fabric 31 and the first skin material nonwoven fabric 21 of the sound insulating material 1.
  • the position of the wire harness 6 with the sound insulating material that fixes the wire harness 7 is not particularly limited to the above form.
  • the wire harness 7 may be disposed at any position of the nonwoven fabric laminate constituting the sound insulating material 1.
  • the buffer effect by a nonwoven fabric is acquired.
  • the wire harness 7 may be, for example, a wire bundle in which a plurality of wires each having a core wire covered with an insulator are bundled, and the wire bundle is covered with a wire harness protective material.
  • the wire harness 7 is not particularly limited to the above-described configuration, and may be composed of only one electric wire, or may be a bundle of a plurality of electric wires using a binding material or the like without using a wire harness protective material. .
  • the wire harness 7 As a means for fixing the wire harness 7 to the sound insulating material 1 and integrating it, a method of adhering the above-described wire harness protecting material and the sound insulating material through an adhesive may be mentioned. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, when the wire harness 7 is pinched
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the wire harness with the sound insulating material is attached to the vehicle body.
  • the wire harness 6 with the sound insulating material is fixed in a state where one surface of the sound insulating material 1 is in contact with the vehicle body 8.
  • the upper side in the figure is a direction that becomes a sound source such as an engine room, and the lower side in the figure is a direction that becomes a room side.
  • either the wire harness 7 or the sound insulating material 1 or both the wire harness 7 and the sound insulating material 1 are fixed to a support member (not shown) installed on the vehicle body 8. Can do.
  • the sound insulating material 1 or the wire harness 6 with the sound insulating material can be installed at a place where noise is to be blocked, such as between the engine room of the automobile and the room, such as the inside of a dashboard of the automobile or the like.
  • the sound insulating material of the present invention can be suitably used as a sound insulating material for vehicles such as automobiles.
  • the wire harness with a sound insulating material of the present invention can be suitably used as an automobile wire harness.
  • Examples of the present invention and comparative examples are shown below.
  • Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example As shown in FIG. 3, the sound insulating material of Example 1 has a four-layer laminated structure of a base nonwoven fabric 32, a skin material nonwoven fabric 21, a base material nonwoven fabric 31, and a skin material nonwoven fabric 22.
  • the sound insulating material of Example 2 has a three-layer laminated structure of the base nonwoven fabric 32, the skin material nonwoven fabric 2, and the base nonwoven fabric 31, as shown in FIG.
  • the sound insulation material 101 of the comparative example used the laminated body which laminated
  • the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation materials of Examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example was measured according to JIS A 1411-1. The measurement results of the sound insulation performance are shown in FIG. The details of the configurations of the sound insulation materials and the sound insulation performance test methods of the examples and comparative examples are as follows.
  • Example 1 Skin material nonwoven fabric (thickness 1 mm) / base material nonwoven fabric (thickness 10 mm) / skin material nonwoven fabric (thickness 1 mm) / base material nonwoven fabric (thickness 10 mm), total thickness 22 mm
  • Example 2 Substrate nonwoven fabric (thickness 10 mm) / skin material nonwoven fabric (thickness 1 mm) / substrate nonwoven fabric (thickness 10 mm), total thickness 21 mm
  • the skin material nonwoven fabric and the base material nonwoven fabric were laminated and then bonded together at 180 ° C. to be integrated into a sound insulating material.
  • the sound insulation performance was measured according to JIS A 1441-1 and evaluated by the value of sound transmission loss.
  • An acoustic insulation material (sample 55) was placed and the sound transmission loss was measured.
  • a speaker 54 serving as a sound source is disposed in the reverberation chamber 51 to generate sound waves (incident sound), and the sound pressure level of the sound (transmitted sound) transmitted through the sample 55 and the resin plate 53 to the anechoic chamber 52 is measured.
  • a microphone 56 for this purpose was placed and the sound pressure (transmitted sound) was measured.
  • the sound pressure level of the transmitted sound with respect to the sound pressure level of the incident sound was measured, and the value of sound transmission loss was obtained from the following equation (2).
  • the measurement was performed when each of the sound insulating materials of Examples 1 and 2 and the comparative example was used and when the sound insulating material was not used (no material).
  • the sound transmission loss (TL) is 10 times the common logarithm of the ratio between the sound power (W 1 ) incident on the sample and the sound power (W 2 ) transmitted through the sample, and is given by the following equation (1).
  • TL 10 log 10 (W 1 ) / (W 2 ) (1)
  • the TL can be obtained from the following equation (2) by assuming that the reverberation chamber 51 is a complete diffuse sound field and sound is transmitted to the anechoic chamber 52 only through the sample.
  • TL SPL 0 ⁇ PWL i +10 log 10 S ⁇ 6 (2) TL: Sound transmission loss [dB] SPL 0 : Indoor average sound pressure level [dB] in the reverberation room PWL i : Indoor average sound pressure level [dB] in an anechoic room S: Area of sample [m 2 ]
  • the sound insulating material of the present invention may be composed of, for example, three or more base material nonwoven fabrics, or may be composed of three or more skin material nonwoven fabrics.

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Abstract

遮音性能の優れた遮音材及び遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスを提供する。 複数の不織布が積層された不織布積層体から構成される遮音材であって、前記不織布が表皮材不織布と該表皮材不織布よりも目付の大きい基材不織布とを有し、少なくとも、前記基材不織布が第一基材不織布３１と第二基材不織布３２を有し、前記表皮材不織布２を前記第一基材不織布３１と前記第二基材不織布３２の間に配置して遮音材１を構成し、該遮音材１をワイヤーハーネス７と一体化して遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス６を構成した。

Description

遮音材及び遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス
　本発明は、不織布を用いた遮音材、及び遮音材とワイヤーハーネスが一体化された遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスに関するものである。
　通常、自動車や住宅等の内装には、室内の静粛性を高めるために、吸音材が設けられている。吸音材としては、従来、グラスウール、ロックウール、多孔質セラミックス、屑綿等が使用されていた。また近年、例えば、熱可塑性エラストマー等の実質的に通気量のないシートと不織布からなる吸音材を積層した吸遮音材が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。
特開２００７－８６５０５号公報
　特に自動車等の車両用では、外部の騒音を遮断して室内の静粛性を向上させて、室内の環境を快適にすることが望ましい。そのため、従来の吸音性能を有する吸音材以外に、遮音性能が優れた遮音材が要求されている。
　本発明は、上記従来技術の問題点を解決しようとするものであり、遮音性能の優れた遮音材、及び遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスを提供することを目的とする。
　本発明の遮音材は、
　複数の不織布が積層された不織布積層体から構成される遮音材であって、
　前記不織布が表皮材不織布と該表皮材不織布よりも目付の大きい基材不織布とを有し、
　少なくとも、前記基材不織布が第一基材不織布と第二基材不織布を有し、前記表皮材不織布が前記第一基材不織布と前記第二基材不織布の間に配置されていることを要旨とするものである。
　上記遮音材において、少なくとも前記不織布積層体の最表面の一面に、前記表皮材不織布とは別の表皮材不織布を有することが好ましい。
　上記遮音材において、前記表皮材不織布の目付が１０～１００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内であり、前記基材不織布の目付が１００～６００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内であることが好ましい。
　本発明の遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスは、上記の遮音材とワイヤーハーネスが一体化されていることを要旨とするものである。
　上記遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスにおいて、上記の遮音材が前記複数の不織布の間に挟まれた状態で、前記遮音材と前記ワイヤーハーネスが一体化されていることが好ましい。
　本発明の遮音材は、複数の不織布が積層された不織布積層体から構成される遮音材であって、前記不織布が表皮材不織布と該表皮材不織布よりも目付の大きい基材不織布とを有し、少なくとも、前記基材不織布が第一基材不織布と第二基材不織布を有し、前記表皮材不織布が前記第一基材不織布と前記第二基材不織布の間に配置されている構成を有することにより、低周波から高周波まで幅広い周波数の音を遮音することが可能である。
　また本発明の遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスは、上記の遮音材とワイヤーハーネスが一体化されている構成を採用したことにより、低周波から高周波まで幅広い周波数の音を遮音することが可能な遮音材をワイヤーハーネスと別に取り付ける手間を省くことができる。
図１は本発明の遮音材の一例を示す外観斜視図である。 図２は図１のＡ－Ａ線縦断面図である。 図３は本発明の遮音材の他の態様を示す断面図である。 図４は本発明の遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスの一例を示す外観斜視図である。 図５は遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスを車体に取り付けた状態を示す断面図である。 図６は比較例の材料を示す外観斜視図である。 図７は実施例の遮音性能の測定結果を示すグラフである。 図８は音響透過損失の測定方法の説明図である。
　以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の遮音材の一例を示す外観斜視図であり、図２は図１のＡ－Ａ線縦断面図である。図１及び図２に示す遮音材１は、複数の不織布が積層された不織布積層体から構成されている。
　図１及び図２に示すように遮音材１は、表皮材不織布２と該表皮材不織布２よりも目付の大きい基材不織布３とを有している。基材不織布３は、第一基材不織布３１と、第二基材不織布３２の２枚の不織布が用いられる。表皮材不織布２は、第一基材不織布３１と、第二基材不織布３２の間に配置されている。
　第一基材不織布３１又は第二基材不織布３２等の基材不織布３は、表皮材不織布２よりも目付が大きく形成されている。図１の態様の遮音材において、第一基材不織布３１及び第二基材不織布３２は、同一の構成の基材不織布３を用いた。このように第一基材不織布３１及び第二基材不織布３２の目付は、同じであっても良いが、異なっていても良い。第一基材不織布３１及び第二基材不織布３２の目付が異なる場合は、目付の小さい方の基材不織布が、表皮材不織布２よりも目付が大きければよい。
　遮音材１は、基材不織布３（３１、３２）と表皮材不織布２の目付が異なり、２枚の基材不織布３１、３２の間に表皮材不織布２が配置されている構成により、優れた遮音効果が得られる。
　遮音材を構成する各不織布は、単に重ね合わせただけでも良いし、熱融着、接着等により一体化させても、いずれでもよい。好ましくは、熱溶着やニードルパンチ等である。
　また、各不織布の間は密着していても、或いは多少の空間が設けられていても、いずれでもよい。
　図３は、本発明遮音材の他の例を示す断面図である。遮音材１は図２に示す第一基材不織布３１、表皮材不織布２（第一表皮材不織布２１）、第二基材不織布３２が順次積層されている不織布積層体の最表面に、図３に示すように、更に前記第一表皮材不織布２１とは別の表皮材不織布２（第二表皮材不織布２２）を有するように構成してもよい。
　不織布積層体の最表面に有する表皮材不織布２は、図３に示すように遮音材１の最表面の一方の面だけでも良いが、特に図示しないが、遮音材の最表面の一方の面と他方の面に設けて、最表面の表皮材不織布が遮音材１の表裏両面に積層されているように構成してもよい。
　不織布積層体の最表面の一面のみに第二表皮材不織布２１を設ける場合、図３に示すように第一基材不織布３１の表面に第二表皮材不織布２２を設けてもよいが、特に図示しないが第二基材不織布３２側の表面に設けてもよい。
　図３に示すように、遮音材１は、不織布積層体の最表面に第二表皮材不織布２２を有するように構成した場合、図１に示す遮音材と比較して更に良好な遮音効果が得られる。
　表皮材不織布２は、目付１０～１００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内であるのが好ましい。表皮材不織布２の目付が大きくなりすぎると、表皮材としての遮音効果が得られ難くなる虞がある。表皮材不織布２の目付が小さくなりすぎると、表皮材の遮音効果が十分発揮されない虞がある。
　表皮材不織布２は、厚みが０．１～３ｍｍの範囲内が好ましい。表皮材不織布２の厚みが厚くなりすぎると、表皮材不織布２の遮音効果が得られ難くなる虞がある。表皮材不織布２の厚みが薄くなりすぎると、表皮材不織布２の遮音効果が発揮されない虞がある。
　表皮材不織布２に用いる繊維の繊維径は、１～５０μｍの範囲内が好ましい。繊維径が細くなりすぎると、遮音性能は高いが材料が脆くなる虞がある。また、繊維径が太くなりすぎると、表皮材不織布２の遮音効果が発揮されない虞がある。
　表皮材不織布２に用いる繊維の形状は、芯鞘型、円筒型、中空型、サイドバイサイド型、通常の繊維とは形状の異なる異型断面繊維を使用してもよい。表皮材不織布２に用いる繊維は、短繊維、長繊維、いずれでもよい。
　表皮材不織布２の繊維の素材としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、ナイロン、ポリアミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、レーヨン、アクリル、アクリロニトリル、セルロース、ケナフ、ガラス等が挙げられる。
　表皮材不織布２は、ニードルパンチ、スパンボンド、スパンレース、メルトブローン等で作製された不織布を使用することができる。
　基材不織布３は、目付が１００～６００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内が好ましい。基材不織布３の目付が大きくなると、遮音率が高くなり、目付が小さくなると、遮音率が低くなる傾向がある。
　また基材不織布３は、厚みが５～４０ｍｍの範囲内であるのが好ましい。
　また基材不織布３に用いる繊維の繊維径は、９～１００μｍの範囲内が好ましい。基材不織布３に用いる繊維の繊維径が細くなると、遮音性能が高くなり、繊維径が太くなると遮音性能が低くなる傾向がある。
　基材不織布３に用いる繊維の形状は、芯鞘型、円筒型、中空型、サイドバイサイド型、通常の繊維とは形状の異なる異型断面繊維を使用してもよい。基材不織布３に用いる繊維は、短繊維、長繊維、いずれでもよい。
　基材不織布３の繊維の素材としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、ナイロン、ポリアミド、ポリ塩化ビニル、レーヨン、アクリル、アクリロニトリル、セルロース、ケナフ、ガラス等が挙げられる。
　基材不織布３は、ニードルパンチ、スパンボンド、スパンレース、メルトブローン等で作製された不織布を使用することができる。
　表皮材不織布２又は基材不織布３を構成する各不織布の目付は、遮音性能等に応じて、適宜選択することができる。
　遮音材１を車両等に設置する場合、音源側に最も近い位置に配置される表皮材不織布２は、密度が最も高くなるように構成することが好ましい。これは、遮音材１に入射した音が内部で反射した際に、表皮材不織布２を通して再度音源側に出て行くのを防止することができるからである。
　不織布の密度は、見掛け密度（嵩密度）のことであり、目付と厚みの値から求めることができる。目付の測定は、ＪＩＳ　Ｌ１９１３の単位面積当たりの質量を求める試験方法を用いることができる。また厚みは、圧力０．１ｋＰａで加圧時の厚みを用いることができる。
　図４は、本発明の遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスの一例を示す外観斜視図である。図４に示すように遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス６は、図３に示す遮音材１とワイヤーハーネス７を組み合わせた例である。遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス６は、遮音材１とワイヤーハーネス７が一体化されている。ワイヤーハーネス７は、その一部が遮音材１の第一基材不織布３１と第一表皮材不織布２１の間に挟まれた状態で一体化されている。
　遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス６は、ワイヤーハーネス７を固定する位置は、上記形態に特に限定されない。ワイヤーハーネス７は、遮音材１を構成する不織布積層体のどの位置に配置してもよい。このようにワイヤーハーネスを遮音材の不織布積層体の内部に位置するように、不織布でワイヤーハーネスを挟み込まれた状態となるように形成した場合は、不織布による緩衝効果が得られる。
　ワイヤーハーネス７は、例えば、芯線の周囲を絶縁体により被覆した電線を複数本束にした電線束の周囲をワイヤーハーネス保護材により被覆したもの等が挙げられる。ワイヤーハーネス７は、特に上記構成に限定されず、１本の電線のみから構成してもよいし、ワイヤーハーネス保護材を使用せずに、結束材等で複数の電線を一纏めにしたものでもよい。
　ワイヤーハーネス７を遮音材１に固定して一体化する手段として、上記のワイヤーハーネス保護材等と遮音材を、接着剤を介して接着する方法が挙げられる。また図４に示すように不織布３１、２１の間にワイヤーハーネス７を挟んだ場合は、ワイヤーハーネスの保護材と不織布を熱溶着して一体化することも可能である。また特に図示しないが、別体の取り付け部材等を用いて、遮音材１にワイヤーハーネス７を固定して一体化してもよい。ワイヤーハーネス７は、第一表皮材不織布２１、第二表皮材不織布２２、第一基材不織布３１、第二基材不織布３２のいずれの不織布に固定してもよい。
　図５は、遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスを車体に取り付けた状態を示す断面図である。図５に示すように、遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス６は、車体８に遮音材１の一方の面が接触した状態で固定されている。図中上方が、エンジンルーム等の音源となる方向であり、図中下方が室内側となる方向である。遮音材１を車体８に取り付けるには、車体８に設置した支持部材（図示せず）にワイヤーハーネス７又は遮音材１のいずれか一方、或いはワイヤーハーネス７及び遮音材１の両方を固定することができる。
　遮音材１又は遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス６は、自動車等のダッシュボードの内側等、自動車のエンジンルームと室内との間のように騒音を遮断しようとする箇所に設置することができる。
　本発明の遮音材は自動車等の車両用遮音材として好適に用いることができる。本発明の遮音材付きワイヤーハーネスは、自動車用ワイヤーハーネスとして好適に用いることができる。
　以下、本発明の実施例、比較例を示す。
実施例１～２、比較例
　実施例１の遮音材は図３に示すように基材不織布３２、表皮材不織布２１、基材不織布３１、表皮材不織布２２の４層積層構造した。また実施例２の遮音材は図１にように基材不織布３２、表皮材不織布２、基材不織布３１の３層積層構造とした。また図６に示すように比較例の遮音材１０１は、基材不織布１０２に表皮材不織布１０３を積層した積層体を用いた。実施例１、２及び比較例の遮音材について、ＪＩＳ　Ａ　１４１１－１に準拠して遮音性能を測定した。遮音性能の測定結果を図７に示す。実施例、比較例の遮音材の構成及び遮音性能試験方法の詳細は以下の通りである。
　各遮音材における音源側からの不織布の配置は下記の通りである。
実施例１：表皮材不織布（厚み１ｍｍ）／基材不織布（厚み１０ｍｍ）／表皮材不織布（厚み１ｍｍ）／基材不織布（厚み１０ｍｍ）、全厚み２２ｍｍ
実施例２：基材不織布（厚み１０ｍｍ）／表皮材不織布（厚み１ｍｍ）／基材不織布（厚み１０ｍｍ）、全厚み２１ｍｍ
比較例：表皮材不織布（厚み１ｍｍ）／基材不織布（厚み１０ｍｍ）、全厚み１１ｍｍ
　表皮材不織布と基材不織布は、積層した後、１８０℃で貼り合わせて一体化して遮音材とした。
［表皮材不織布］
・繊維の種類：ポリオレフィン長繊維、繊維径４μｍ
・作成方法：ニードルパンチ又はスパンボンドで作成
・目付：５０ｇ／ｍ２
・厚み：１ｍｍ
［基材不織布］
・繊維の種類：ポリエステル短繊維、繊維径２０μｍ
・作成方法：ニードルパンチ又はスパンボンドで作成
・目付：３００ｇ／ｍ２
・厚み：１０ｍｍ
［遮音性能測定方法］
　遮音性能の測定は、ＪＩＳ　Ａ　１４４１－１のに準拠して試験を行い、音響透過損失の値により評価した。試験は図８に示すように、音源室となる残響室５１と、受音室となる無響室５２との間を樹脂板５３（ｔ＝１ｍｍ）で仕切り、残響室５１に実施例、比較例の遮音材（試料５５）を配置して音響透過損失を測定した。残響室５１には、音源となるスピーカー５４を配置し音波（入射音）を発生させ、無響室５２に試料５５と樹脂板５３を透過してきた音（透過音）の音圧レベルを測定するためのマイクロホン５６を配置して、音圧（透過音）を測定した。遮音材の試験片（試料）の寸法は、縦×横＝５９６ｍｍ×５９６ｍｍとした。入射音の音圧レベルに対する透過音の音圧レベルを測定して、下記の（２）式から音響透過損失の値を得た。測定は実施例１、２、比較例の各遮音材を用いた場合と、遮音材を用いない場合（材料無し）について行った。
　音響透過損失（ＴＬ）は、試料に入射する音響パワー(Ｗ１)と試料を透過する音響パワー(Ｗ２)との比の常用対数の10倍で、下記（１）式で与えられる。
ＴＬ＝１０ｌｏｇ１０(Ｗ１)／(Ｗ２)・・・（１）
　ＴＬは、残響室５１が完全な拡散音場で、試料だけを通して無響室５２へ音が透過すると仮定することによって下記（２）式より求めることができる。
ＴＬ＝ＳＰＬ０－ＰＷＬｉ＋１０ｌｏｇ１０Ｓ－６・・・（２）
　　ＴＬ：音響透過損失［ｄＢ］
　　ＳＰＬ０：残響室における室内平均音圧レベル［ｄＢ］
　　ＰＷＬｉ：無響室における室内平均音圧レベル［ｄＢ］
　　Ｓ：試料の面積［ｍ２］
［音響透過損失の測定結果について］
　図７のグラフに示すように、比較例の材料の透過損失は、材料無しの場合と比較して少しだけ大きくなっていたがほとんど変化がなかった。これに対し、実施例１、２の場合、材料無し、比較例と比較して、周波数帯のほぼ全域において、透過損失の値が大きく変化していて、遮音性能が向上していることが確認できた。
　以上、本発明の実施例について詳細に説明したが、本発明は、上記実施例に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々の改変が可能である。
　本発明の遮音材は、例えば、３枚以上の基材不織布を用いて構成してもよいし、３枚以上の表皮材不織布を用いて構成してもよい。

Claims (5)

  1. 　複数の不織布が積層された不織布積層体から構成される遮音材であって、
    　前記不織布が表皮材不織布と該表皮材不織布よりも目付の大きい基材不織布とを有し、
    　少なくとも、前記基材不織布が第一基材不織布と第二基材不織布を有し、前記表皮材不織布が前記第一基材不織布と前記第二基材不織布の間に配置されていることを特徴とする遮音材。
  2. 　少なくとも前記不織布積層体の最表面の一面に前記表皮材不織布とは別の表皮材不織布を有することを特徴とする請求項１記載の遮音材。
  3. 　前記表皮材不織布の目付が１０～１００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内であり、前記基材不織布の目付が１００～６００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の遮音材。
  4. 　請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の遮音材と、ワイヤーハーネスが一体化されていることを特徴とする遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス。
  5. 　前記ワイヤーハーネスが、前記複数の不織布の間に挟まれた状態で、前記遮音材と前記ワイヤーハーネスが一体化されていることを特徴とする請求項４記載の遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス。
PCT/JP2015/050322 2014-01-29 2015-01-08 遮音材及び遮音材付きワイヤーハーネス WO2015115143A1 (ja)

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