WO2015114267A1 - Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aeronef a partir de son turbopropulseur - Google Patents
Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aeronef a partir de son turbopropulseur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015114267A1 WO2015114267A1 PCT/FR2015/050215 FR2015050215W WO2015114267A1 WO 2015114267 A1 WO2015114267 A1 WO 2015114267A1 FR 2015050215 W FR2015050215 W FR 2015050215W WO 2015114267 A1 WO2015114267 A1 WO 2015114267A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- turboprop
- compressor
- pressure body
- gearbox
- Prior art date
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/02—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being pressurised
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
- B64D13/08—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned the air being heated or cooled
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/10—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of gas-turbine type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/20—Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for driving vehicles
- F02C6/206—Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for driving vehicles the vehicles being airscrew driven
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
- F02C7/268—Starting drives for the rotor, acting directly on the rotor of the gas turbine to be started
- F02C7/27—Fluid drives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/16—Control of working fluid flow
- F02C9/18—Control of working fluid flow by bleeding, bypassing or acting on variable working fluid interconnections between turbines or compressors or their stages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/321—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/56—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
- F04D29/563—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/5826—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger
- F04D29/5833—Cooling at least part of the working fluid in a heat exchanger flow schemes and regulation thereto
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
- B64D2013/0603—Environmental Control Systems
- B64D2013/0618—Environmental Control Systems with arrangements for reducing or managing bleed air, using another air source, e.g. ram air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
- B64D2013/0603—Environmental Control Systems
- B64D2013/0696—Environmental Control Systems with provisions for starting power plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
- F05D2220/323—Application in turbines in gas turbines for aircraft propulsion, e.g. jet engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
- F05D2220/324—Application in turbines in gas turbines to drive unshrouded, low solidity propeller
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
- F05D2220/325—Application in turbines in gas turbines to drive unshrouded, high solidity propeller
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/60—Shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/40—Transmission of power
- F05D2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
- F05D2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/50—On board measures aiming to increase energy efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the air supply of an air conditioning circuit of a cabin of an aircraft which is equipped with at least one turboprop engine.
- a turboprop comprises at least one low pressure body and a high pressure body, the low pressure body driving a propulsion propeller through a gear box or reduction box, commonly called PGB (for Power Gear Box).
- the low pressure body comprises a turbine rotor connected by a shaft to the propeller and possibly to a compressor.
- Each other body comprises a compressor rotor connected by a shaft to a turbine rotor.
- the air conditioning circuit is powered by air taken from one of the turboprop compressors.
- the pressure of the air supplied to the aircraft greatly exceeds the need, in particular during the climb phase of the aircraft, which requires protection devices in the event of overpressure and dimensioning of the air ducts accordingly ,
- the temperature of the air taken at the compressor greatly exceeds the regulatory constraint (maximum temperature when passing through the fuel zones), which requires a cooling device that is difficult to integrate into the nacelle (generally called pre-cooler - from English precooler) before sending air into the aircraft circuit, - a significant amount of energy is lost which penalizes the consumption and the efficiency of the turboprop,
- AGB Accessory Gear Box
- the present invention provides a simple, effective and economical solution to at least some of the problems of prior art.
- the invention proposes an aircraft turboprop, comprising at least one low pressure body and a high pressure body, the low pressure body driving a propulsion propeller via a gearbox, preferably a single, turboprop engine. further comprising means for supplying air to an air conditioning circuit of a cabin of the aircraft, characterized in that said supply means comprise at least one compressor carried by said gearbox and whose rotor is coupled to the low pressure body through said gearbox.
- the compressor, said charge, is thus disposed as close as possible to the gearbox.
- the rotor of the charge compressor and the gearbox are interconnected by a gear chain.
- this gear chain will only accelerate the movement to mechanically feed the rotor of the charge compressor at a sufficient speed.
- This gear chain includes by example of the pinions intermeshed with each other, and is advantageously devoid of radial shaft (relative to the longitudinal axis of the turboprop).
- the turboprop engine advantageously comprises a single gearbox for driving the propeller, which in particular makes it possible to simplify the turboprop engine and to limit the number of lubricating oil chambers.
- the present invention thus proposes a new technology for supplying air to an air conditioning circuit of an aircraft cabin.
- This air is supplied by a compressor, preferably dedicated to the air supply of the cabin, and no longer taken from a turboprop compressor, which penalizes performance less.
- the rotor of this dedicated compressor is rotated by the low pressure body, through the gearbox which connects the low pressure body to the propulsion propeller.
- This is particularly advantageous, especially when the turboprop is configured so that the speed of rotation of its low pressure body obeys a law of discrete regimes, that is to say that each regime is constant stepwise.
- the speed of the propeller can be included in a rather restricted range because it can no longer be functional if it slows down too much.
- the speed of rotation of the low pressure body is particularly constant during the same flight phase.
- Phase of flight is a phase during which the aircraft operates a single type of maneuver.
- the rotational speed of the rotor of the dedicated compressor will not depend on the operating conditions, and the dedicated compressor will be able to provide a flow of air at the minimum required pressure to the conditioning circuit, even at idle.
- the dedicated compressor may be one or more stages, each of any type, for example an axial or centrifugal stage.
- the compressor comprises an air inlet connected to means for withdrawing air from an air inlet shaft of the turboprop.
- the compressor comprises an air inlet connected to means for withdrawing air from a turboprop compressor.
- the compressor comprises an air inlet connected to means for withdrawing air between an air intake sleeve and a turboprop compressor.
- the compressor comprises an air inlet connected to means for withdrawing air outside the turboprop.
- a heat exchanger for example of the pre-cooler type, can be mounted either between the air inlet of the dedicated compressor and the sampling means, or between two compressors or two compressor stages (if the latter comprises at least two), said two compressors or two compressor stages composing the dedicated compressor including the air supply of the cabin.
- the advantage of placing a heat exchanger in this way is that it is more efficient than at the outlet of the dedicated compressor (at the same amount of heat evacuated by the exchanger, the reduction in temperature of the air sent to the aircraft is stronger). This allows for example to use a smaller heat exchanger than in the prior art.
- the compressor may comprise an air outlet connected to a pipe intended to be connected to said circuit.
- This pipe may be equipped with at least one flow control system, for example a valve. It can be equipped with a heat exchanger, for example of the pre-cooler type.
- This pre-cooler can be simplified and be less cumbersome than in the prior art because the supply air of the dedicated compressor can have a relatively low temperature compared to the prior art. It is also conceivable that the air pressure exiting the dedicated compressor is close to the air pressure in the conditioning circuit, and therefore relatively low, which simplifies the pipe and in particular to use a thin-walled pipe to obtain a weight gain over the prior art.
- the turboprop engine may comprise a pneumatic starter of which an air inlet is connected to said pipe.
- the rotor of the pneumatic starter is coupled to the high pressure body by an accessory box and supplied with air by the aircraft via said pipe.
- Valves allow the exclusive powering of the starter.
- the present invention also makes it possible to feed the pneumatic starter via the pipes of the air conditioning circuit.
- the present invention also relates to a method of supplying air to an air conditioning circuit of a cabin of an aircraft which is equipped with at least one turboprop engine comprising at least one low pressure body and a high pressure body , the low pressure body driving a propulsion propeller through a single gearbox, characterized in that the circuit is supplied with air by at least one dedicated compressor which is carried by said gearbox and of which the rotor is coupled to the low pressure body via said gearbox.
- This coupling can be achieved by means of the first gearbox or a second gearbox.
- FIG. 1 is a very diagrammatic view of an aircraft turboprop engine and represents means for supplying air to an air conditioning circuit of a cabin of the aircraft, according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a very schematic view of an aircraft turboprop engine and represents means for supplying air to an air conditioning circuit of a cabin of the aircraft, according to an embodiment of the invention. 'invention,
- FIG. 3 is a very schematic view of a gearbox for driving the dedicated compressor of the air supply means according to the invention
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are views similar to that of FIG. 2 and show alternative embodiments of the air sampling means of the invention
- FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c are very schematic views of alternative embodiments of the air supply means of the aircraft according to the invention.
- FIGS. 7a and 7b are schematic views in axial section of load compressors, respectively centrifugal and axial.
- FIG. 1 represents a turboprop 10 according to the prior art, for an aircraft.
- the turboprop 10 here is of the double-body type and comprises a low-pressure body 12 and a high-pressure body 14, the low-pressure body 12 driving a propulsion propeller through a gearbox 16 or reduction gearbox. commonly called PGB (for Power Gear Box). Only the shaft 18 of the propulsion propeller is shown in FIG.
- the low pressure body 12 here comprises only a turbine rotor connected by a shaft to the gearbox 16.
- the high pressure body 14 comprises a compressor rotor connected by a shaft to a turbine rotor.
- the shaft of the low pressure high body 14, called HP shaft 20 is tubular and coaxially traversed by the shaft of the low pressure body 12, called BP 22 or power shaft.
- BP shaft 22 comprises at one end a pinion (not shown) coupled via a series of gears of the gearbox 16 to the shaft 18 of the propulsion propeller.
- the turboprop engine 10 comprises an accessory equipment drive case 24 (called accessory gearbox or AGB for Accessory Gear Box) which is coupled to the high pressure body of the turbomachine 14, and in particular to the HP shaft, by the
- accessory housing 24 is mounted in the nacelle 28 of the turboprop 10, which is schematically represented by a rectangle in dashed lines.
- Accessory case 24 carries and drives several equipment including a pneumatic starter 30 which, as the name suggests, is intended to start the turboprop 10 by rotating its high pressure body, through the housing of accessories 24 and radial shaft 26.
- a pneumatic starter 30 which, as the name suggests, is intended to start the turboprop 10 by rotating its high pressure body, through the housing of accessories 24 and radial shaft 26.
- the turboprop 10 further comprises an air inlet 32 for supplying air to the engine, and a exhaust nozzle 34 for exhausting the combustion gases.
- the turboprop engine 10 further comprises a combustion chamber 35, between the compressors BP and HP, on the one hand, and the turbines HP and BP, on the other hand.
- the turboprop 10 is furthermore equipped with means for supplying air to an air conditioning circuit 36 of a cabin of the aircraft, these means comprising, according to the prior art, means for withdrawing air from the engine of the turboprop engine 10.
- the engine of the turboprop 10 is equipped with two ports 38 or compressed air sampling port, each of these ports 38 being connected by a valve 40, 42 to a pipe 44 for supplying air to the circuit 36.
- the first port 38 or upstream port (with reference to the direction of flow of gas in the engine) allows to take air at an intermediate pressure.
- the valve 40 connected to this pipe 44 is of the non-return valve type.
- the second port 38 or downstream port allows to take air at high pressure.
- the valve 42 connected to this pipe 44 is open when the pressure of the air drawn by the valve 40 is not sufficient, the air taken by the valve 42 being prevented from being reinjected upstream by the anti-return function of the valve of the valve 40.
- the pipe 44 is equipped with a valve 46 which regulates the supply pressure of the circuit 36, and a heat exchanger 47 of the pre-cooler type, which is intended to lower the temperature of the air before its introduction into the the circuit 36.
- the pipe 44 is further connected by a pipe 48 equipped with a valve 50 to an air inlet of the pneumatic starter 30.
- the pipe 44 passes through an anti-fire wall 52 before being connected to the circuit 36 .
- the present invention overcomes these disadvantages by equipping the turboprop engine with a dedicated compressor, called a charge compressor, whose rotor is coupled to the low-pressure body of the engine via the gearbox.
- FIGS. 2, 4 and 5 show various embodiments of this invention, in which the elements already described in the foregoing are designated by the same references.
- the turboprop engines of FIGS. 2, 4 and 5 may be of the same type as that represented in FIG. 1 or of a different type. They can for example include more than two bodies.
- the low pressure body of each turboprop engine according to the invention may comprise a compressor BP.
- the turboprop 1 10 of Figure 2 differs from that of Figure 1 essentially by the air supply means of the circuit 36.
- These supply means here comprise a dedicated compressor 60 whose rotor 61 is coupled by the gearbox 16 to the low-pressure body 12 and in particular to the LP shaft 22.
- rotor shaft 61 of the compressor 60 may carry a pinion 61 meshing with a pinion 18a of the shaft 18 of the propeller of the turboprop 1 10, this shaft 18 carrying another pinion 18b meshing with a pinion 22a of the BP shaft 22.
- the pinions 18a , 18b, 22a, 61a are housed in the gearbox 16.
- the compressor 60 includes an inlet 62 and an air outlet 64.
- the air inlet 62 is connected by a pipe 66 to the air intake sleeve 32 of the turboprop 1 10, that is to say to the section of the turboprop 1 10 s' extending between the air inlet 32 and the inlet of the turbomachine 14. Fresh air is thus drawn through the pipe 66 to supply the compressor 60.
- the air outlet 64 of the compressor 60 is connected to the air supply pipe 44 of the circuit 36.
- this pipe 44 comprises a valve 46 which regulates the supply pressure of the circuit 36, and a heat exchanger. heat 47 pre-cooler type, which is intended to lower the air temperature before its introduction into the circuit 36.
- the pipe 44 is further connected by a pipe 48 equipped with a valve 50 to an air inlet of the pneumatic starter 30.
- the turboprop 210 of FIG. 4 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially in that the air inlet 62 of the compressor 60 is connected by a pipe 68 to an air sampling scoop 70 which is situated on the outer wall. of the nacelle 28 and which is intended to take air flowing around the turboprop 210 in operation.
- the turboprop 310 of FIG. 4 differs from that of FIG. 2 essentially in that the air inlet 62 of the compressor 60 is connected by a line 72 to an air intake port 74 in a compressor of the engine.
- air is drawn from the engine, the engine is equipped with only one sampling port against two in the prior art. Due to the compression of the air taken from the compressor 60, the air drawn does not need to have a significant pressure. It is therefore it is possible to take air as far upstream as possible from the compressor.
- the compressor 60 used in the context of the invention can be of any type and is for example an axial compressor with one or more stages or a centrifugal compressor with one or more stages or else a mixed compressor comprising one or more axial stages and one or more centrifugal stages.
- FIGS. 6a to 6c show alternative embodiments of the invention concerning in particular the position of the heat exchanger 47.
- the heat exchanger 47 can be mounted downstream of the compressor 60, FIG. that is to say on the pipe 44, as is the case in FIG. 2.
- the heat exchanger 47 is mounted between two compressors 60a, 60b. Each compressor may comprise one or more stages to cover the two aforementioned cases. Each stage may be an axial or centrifugal stage.
- the heat exchanger 47 is mounted upstream of the compressor 60, that is to say on the pipe 66, 68, 72 described with reference to FIGS. 2, 4 and 5.
- the air supply of the circuit 36 may be carried out as follows, with any of the embodiments of the invention described in the foregoing.
- the low pressure body 12 and its shaft 22 After starting the turboprop 1 10, 210, 310, the low pressure body 12 and its shaft 22 generally rotate at a substantially constant speed.
- the rotor of the compressor 60 is rotated at a substantially constant speed, which depends in particular on the reduction coefficient of the gearbox 16.
- the rotation of the rotor shaft 61 of the compressor 60 causes the suction and the removal of This air is then compressed by the compressor 60 which supplies the line 44 with compressed air at a predetermined pressure.
- the valve 46 regulates the supply pressure of the circuit 36.
- the heat exchanger 47 makes it possible to lower the temperature of the air before it is introduced into the circuit 36 (FIG. 6a), before entering the compressor (FIG. 6c) or between two phases compression ( Figure 6b).
- the rotor shaft 61 of the compressor 60 rotates at a constant speed in the case where the rotational speed of the low-pressure body 12 is also constant.
- a charge compressor typically rotates at 60,000 rpm and the LP shaft drives it at about 15,000 rpm. It is therefore necessary to multiply the training speed by four.
- the integration of the load compressor with the gearbox makes it possible to directly increase the ratio four (and not to use a radial shaft, as represented in FIG. 3). This limits the number of gears. Moreover it is no longer necessary to have a dedicated lubrication system of the gearbox. We will only have multiplying ratios between the LP shaft and the load compressor shaft.
- a casing common to the gearbox 16 and the compressor 60 would also allow a saving in weight (less wall) and the lack of lubrication dedicated to additional gearboxes.
- FIGS. 7a and 7b it is possible to introduce variable geometries (moving stator vanes 80) on the air inlet of the charge compressor 60 in order to modulate its operation, the charge compressor 60 being a compressor centrifugal ( Figure 7a) or axial ( Figure 7b).
- the charge compressor 60 being a compressor centrifugal ( Figure 7a) or axial ( Figure 7b).
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GB1612980.1A GB2536847B (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Supply of air to an air-conditioning circuit of an aircraft cabin from its turboprop engine |
US15/115,116 US10703487B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Supply of air to an air-conditioning circuit of an aircraft cabin from its turboprop engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1400264 | 2014-01-31 | ||
FR1400264A FR3017159B1 (fr) | 2014-01-31 | 2014-01-31 | Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aeronef a partir de son turbopropulseur |
Publications (1)
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WO2015114267A1 true WO2015114267A1 (fr) | 2015-08-06 |
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Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2015/050214 WO2015114266A1 (fr) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aéronef a partir de son turbopropulseur |
PCT/FR2015/050215 WO2015114267A1 (fr) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aeronef a partir de son turbopropulseur |
PCT/FR2015/050213 WO2015114265A1 (fr) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aeronef a partir de son turbopropulseur |
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PCT/FR2015/050214 WO2015114266A1 (fr) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aéronef a partir de son turbopropulseur |
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PCT/FR2015/050213 WO2015114265A1 (fr) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-01-29 | Alimentation en air d'un circuit de conditionnement d'air d'une cabine d'un aeronef a partir de son turbopropulseur |
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FR (1) | FR3017159B1 (fr) |
GB (3) | GB2538018B (fr) |
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- 2015-01-29 WO PCT/FR2015/050214 patent/WO2015114266A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-01-29 WO PCT/FR2015/050215 patent/WO2015114267A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-01-29 WO PCT/FR2015/050213 patent/WO2015114265A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-01-29 US US15/115,116 patent/US10703487B2/en active Active
- 2015-01-29 GB GB1612995.9A patent/GB2536848B/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3017159B1 (fr) | 2016-03-04 |
GB2536847B (en) | 2020-03-18 |
GB2536848B (en) | 2020-03-18 |
GB2538018B (en) | 2020-03-18 |
US10703487B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 |
US20170008633A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
US20160347457A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
FR3017159A1 (fr) | 2015-08-07 |
US10858112B2 (en) | 2020-12-08 |
GB201612995D0 (en) | 2016-09-07 |
GB2536847A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
GB2536848A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
GB201612980D0 (en) | 2016-09-07 |
WO2015114266A1 (fr) | 2015-08-06 |
US20160332736A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
WO2015114265A1 (fr) | 2015-08-06 |
GB2538018A (en) | 2016-11-02 |
US10329023B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
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