WO2015110120A1

WO2015110120A1 - Heat pump

Info

Publication number: WO2015110120A1
Application number: PCT/DE2015/100030
Authority: WO
Inventors: Markus IMMEL; Hans-Christian KOWALEWSKI; Willi Pauls; Andreas BÜHRING
Original assignee: Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg
Priority date: 2014-01-27
Filing date: 2015-01-26
Publication date: 2015-07-30
Also published as: EP3099983A1; ES2813396T3; EP3099983B1; DE102014100889A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat pump, comprising a housing (1) through which ambient air flows, a flow guide (2) for the ambient air, which is arranged in the housing (1), and a sound-emitting heat pump component (3) that is associated with the flow guide (2) and interacts with the ambient air. According to the invention, the flow guide (2) is designed such as to surround the heat pump component (3) at its vertical sides like a sheath, thereby producing a sheath flow of ambient air in the housing (1).

Description

ärmepumpe

The invention relates to a heat pump, in particular a 5 air-water heat pump, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

A heat pump of the type mentioned above is disclosed on the Internet page http://www.laermorama.ch/m5_krachmacher/energiean- 10 lagen_w.html and shown again in Figure 1.

This heat pump consists of a housing through which the ambient air flows, a flow guide arranged in the housing for the ambient air, and a heat pump component which is associated with the ambient air and interacts with the flow of air and which is associated with the flow. This heat pump serves, as the term air-water heat pump expresses, to transfer the heat present in the ambient air to a liquid heat transfer medium, in particular heating circuit water of a building. When used in reverse, the heat pump can also be used to cool the building.

The term "ambient air" is to be understood here and also in the inventive solution to be explained, the air surrounding the heat pump, so for example tempera- 25 turmäßig weather-dependent fresh air outside a building.

The term "heat pump component" is quoted in the

State of the art and also in the solution according to the invention to be explained in particular a heat exchanger to a 30-order fan to understand. This emits on the one hand because of its electromotive drive, other- but also at the meeting of the ambient air with the

Fan shovels sound. As a heat pump component comes in the cited prior art and in the inventive solution to be explained but also the compressor or the compressor, the evaporator or valves 5 of the heat pump into consideration, d. H. The term "heat pump component" ultimately refers to all possible, but ultimately at least one sound-emitting component of a heat pump.

10

In the heat pump mentioned above, the ambient air flows through an inlet opening on the right side of the housing in the heat pump. It then flows upwards via a flow guide, there to a sound-emitting component (a fan associated with a heat exchanger) and from there again via a flow guide or down to one

Outlet opening on the housing.

The invention has for its object to improve a heat pump of the type mentioned. In particular, a 20 even quieter heat pump is to be created.

This object is achieved with a heat pump of the aforementioned

Art solved by the features listed in the characterizing part of claim 1. 25

According to the invention, it is thus provided that the flow guide for forming a sheath flow of the ambient air in

Housing the heat pump component is formed on its vertical sides like a coat enclosing. 30 As the expert can recognize in the cited prior art, the housing in this solution is evidently cuboid, ie the flow guide for the ambient air or the inlet and outlet openings for the ambient air are provided only on two sides of the housing, in Figure 1 5 left and right. There is no flow guidance at the front and rear sides lying parallel to the plane of the drawing, ie emitted sound is transferred more easily to the outer walls of the housing on these sides than in the area of the

Flow guidance. 10

According to the invention is now - in other words - provided that the flow guide the heat pump component wrapped like a coat, d. H. at least from all verticals

Sides of the case. Considered in more detail, it is provided with respect to the flow guide that it is designed such that it conducts the ambient air in the form of a jacket flow around the heat pump component. The term sheath current is borrowed from the engine technology, in which

With respect to a jet engine, a distinction is made between a core stream and a sheath flow (see http: //de.wi- kipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mantelstrom&oldid=100220384).

Such a core stream is not necessarily present in the heat pump according to the invention, but it is essential that the

Sheath flow in the inventive solution, the core stream 25 or just a corresponding component sheath-like enveloped.

The sheath current can be based on a vertical axis of the

Housing be more or less exactly rotationally symmetric:

If, for example, which is preferred, the housing has a cylindrical shape, the result is, in principle, a very well-balanced rotational symmetry. If, on the other hand, the housing is of three or polygonal cross-section, for example, give approximately three or more flow segments that are approximately symmetrical to each other (in the examples mentioned C ₃ - or Cn-symmetric), which of course ultimately possible

Although internals or circumferential singularities in the flow guide can be present, they do not influence the fundamental rotational or rotational symmetry of the flow or the flow segments.

With regard to the flow guide, it is further preferably provided that this selectively extends from an inlet opening on the housing to the heat pump component or from the heat pump component to an outlet opening on the housing or even from said inlet opening to said outlet opening. If, for example, the inlet opening should be provided only at a peripheral location of the housing, then the flow guide will ultimately start at the point at which the

Flow of the ambient air for the first time actually designed as a sheath current or at least roughly rotationally symmetrical. The same applies analogously to the end of the flow guidance. 20

Other advantageous developments of the heat pump according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

For the sake of completeness, reference is made to the following patent documents: EP 0 079 834 A1, DE 40 16 563 A1, DD 0152

847 AI and DE 22 09 885 A, but consistently unlike the inventive solution consistently no coat-like flow guidance in the sense of claim 1.

The heat pump according to the invention including its advantageous developments according to the dependent claims will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing of a preferred embodiment.

It shows

5

Figure 1 in section a heat pump according to the prior art;

Figure 2 in section a particularly preferred embodiment of the heat pump according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the heat pump according to FIG. 2; 10

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the heat pump according to FIG

3 along the cutting plane A-A;

Figure 5 is a sectional view of the heat pump according to FIG

3 along the section plane B-B;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the heat pump according to FIG. 15

3 along the cutting plane C-C;

Figure 7 is a sectional view of the heat pump according to FIG

3 along the cutting plane D-D; and

Figure 8 in perspective and cut the heat pump according to

Figure 2. 20

Hereinafter, the heat pump according to the invention, which is provided for installation outdoors (ie outside a building) and formed, first on the basis of their representational

Features explained in more detail. Finally, a functional description follows.

The comparison of Figures 1 and 2 shows that both heat pumps initially in a conventional manner from a flowed through by ambient air housing 1, a disposed in the housing 1 30 neten flow guide 2 for the ambient air and one of

Flow guide 2 associated with the ambient air change selwirkenden, also arranged in the housing 1 and sound-emitting heat pump component 3 consist.

Furthermore, in both heat pumps on the housing 1 to the supply and

Optionally, an inlet and / or outlet opening 2.1, 2.2 connected to the flow guide 2 is provided for removing the ambient air. In the heat pump according to the invention, moreover, in order to avoid internal contamination, it is advantageously provided that optionally the inlet and / or the outlet opening 2.1, 2.2 is or are designed to be closed with an air-permeable sieve element 12.

Essential for all embodiments of the invention

Heat pump is now that the flow guide 2 for forming a sheath flow of the ambient air in the housing 1, the heat pump component 15 is formed on its vertical sides like a jacket enclosing.

As explained above, can be emitted in this way

Sound level of the heat pump can be significantly reduced. While 20 known heat pumps (that is, for example, the one shown in Figure 1) typically have a sound power level of over 60 dB (A), the heat pump according to the invention - as experiments have shown - only a sound power level of 54 dB (A). With regard to a rule of thumb (see http: //de.wikipe- 25 dia.org/w/index.php?title=Schalldruckpegel&oldid=126520072),

according to the 10 dB (A) reduction of the sound power level are perceived to be about half the volume, said

Lowering by more than 6 dB (A) while showing a significant

Reduction. 30 To the subject features of the heat pump according to the invention, the heat pump component 3 in a known manner a

Heat exchanger 4 comprises, coming back, it is provided that this heat exchanger 4 enclosed by the sheath flow of ambient air and preferably as a hand on the ambient 5 air and on the other hand is formed by a louvered lamella heat exchanger.

Furthermore, the heat pump component 3 comprises in a known per se a preferably electric motor operated fan 10, which in contrast to the solution according to Figure 1 in the inventive solution has a vertically oriented axis of rotation and is flowed through from top to bottom.

15

Furthermore, in contrast to the quadrangular variant according to FIG

1 according to the invention provided that the housing 1 seen in horizontal cross-section optionally triangular, square, five or more than pentagonal or round, particularly preferably - see the embodiment of Figure 2 to 7 - circular 20 round, is formed.

In addition, as already mentioned above, it is provided that the

Flow guide 2 optionally from the inlet port 2.1 on the housing 1 to the heat pump component 3, from the heat pump 25 component 3 to the outlet port 2.2 on the housing 1 or (at least in sections) from the inlet port 2.1 to

Outlet opening 2.2 extends is formed.

It is further provided that optionally the inlet and / or outlet opening 2.1, 2.2 is / are arranged distributed over one or the circumference of the housing 1. In a case as in FIGS. ren 2 to 7 illustrated, in cross-section circular housing

1, the openings are therefore in principle in the area of a

Cylinder ring. In the case of a cross-sectionally polygonal housing 1, corresponding edges are produced in the surfaces for the openings, whereby webs or the like between the openings can in principle also be provided.

Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the housing

1 has an upper and a lower housing section 1.1, 1.2. In this case, in the upper housing section 1.1, an upper jacket channel 2.3 (with a vertically oriented main axis) for supplying the ambient air and in the lower housing section 1.2 a lower jacket channel 2.4 (also with a vertically oriented main axis) provided for discharging the ambient air. In addition, according to the inlet opening 15 2.1 at the upper housing section 1.1 and the outlet opening 2.2 is arranged around the lower housing section 1.2.

Furthermore, the heat exchanger 4 is arranged in the upper housing section 1.1, which is particularly preferably designed as annular cylinder with 20 vertically oriented main axis or in the horizontal cross-section annular.

In this case, the heat exchanger 4 is furthermore delimiting a first inner space 9 and preferably for, in particular, horizontal guidance of the ambient air from the jacket flow into this first

Interior 9 formed.

The already mentioned fan 5 is associated with the first interior 9 of the heat exchanger 4, and particularly preferably as shown, at the housing bottom end of the annular cylinder. Furthermore, it is provided that the fan 5 downstream either a preferably on the lower jacket channel 2.4 ausmündende, preferably formed of a sound-insulating material, in particular polystyrene, formed conical or pyramid-shaped 5 flow deflection 6. Their tip is particularly preferably formed with an axis of rotation of the fan 5 in alignment. In addition, said lower jacket channel 2.4, a second interior space 10 delimiting, in this or in the lower housing section 1.2 at least 10 of the compressor of the heat pump, preferably also another heat exchanger, in particular a plate heat exchanger, a throttle element and parts of a refrigeration cycle of the heat pump are arranged (not shown separately).

15

Further, in the housing 1, a support frame 7 for the heat pump components such as compressors, heat exchangers, etc. are arranged on the particular housing outer shells 8 are fixed and preferably seen in the horizontal cross-section (see in particular Figure 4 to 7) rectangular, in particular square, 20 is formed.

In order to improve the flow guidance, a first flow deflection 2.5 and in the region of the inlet opening 2

2.6 provided. In this case, the flow deflection 2.5, 2.6 optionally (ie depending on the flow direction, which will be explained in more detail) for deflecting the ambient air from horizontal to vertical or vice versa. The material used for the flow deflection 2.5, 2.6 is particularly preferably a sound-insulating material, in particular polystyrene. Finally, the invention provides that between the

Sheath channel 2.3, 2.4 and an outer wall of the housing 1, in particular the already mentioned housing outer shell 8, a

Sound insulation 11 is arranged. 5

The heat pump according to the invention works as follows:

Ambient air flows over the over the entire circumference of the upper housing section 1.1 of the housing 1 distributed inlet 10 opening 2.1 in the upper jacket channel 2.3, wherein they are equal to

Beginning of the equally comprehensive flow diversion

2.5 is redirected from horizontal to vertical (upward).

Further attracted by the negative pressure generated by the fan 5, the ambient air located in the jacket channel 2.3 and surrounding both the heat exchanger 4 and the fan 5 flows next after another deflection horizontally through the heat exchanger 4 in the (first) interior

9. There, the ambient air is deflected once again, this time down in the direction of fan 5. 20

When passing through the heat exchanger 4, the intended transfer of heat takes place, either from the ambient air to a heat exchanger 4 flowing through the refrigerant (so-called heating) or from this to 25, the air flowing through (so-called cooling operation).

The heat exchanger 4 is connected to the refrigerant side via a non-illustrated cooling circuit with the other typical components of a heat pump, so for example 30 game with a compressor, a throttle element and another heat exchanger for heat transfer, for example to a heating circuit of a building. The components mentioned are preferably arranged in the second interior 10 and also, as already explained, enclosed by one or the jacket channel 2.4 for the ambient air to be discharged.

5

Coming back to the flow guide, the air passes to the

Fan 5 to said cone or pyramidal

Flow deflection 6 and after this in the jacket channel 2.4 in the lower housing section 1.2. There, the air flows vertically from top to bottom until it reaches a further flow deflection 2.6 and ahead of it to the outlet opening 2.2, which is also distributed over the circumference.

As can be seen, which also contributes to the reduction of the emitted sound pressure level, the air sucked in via the inlet opening 2.1 and blown off via the outlet opening 2.2 is deflected several times within the heat pump. In addition, according to the invention, as explained, all sound-emitting

Components of either the upper or lower jacket channel 2.3, 2.4 completely enclosed completely around, ie in the interior of the housing 20 emerging sound can leave the housing 1 practically only by detours.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 housing

1. 1 upper housing section

1. 2 lower housing section

2 flow guidance

2. 1 inlet opening

2. 2 outlet opening

2. 3 upper jacket channel

2. 4 lower jacket channel

2. 5 flow deflection

2. 6 Flow deflection

3 heat pump component

4 heat exchangers

5 fans

6 flow deflection

7 support frame

8 housing shell

9 first interior

10 second interior

11 sound insulation

12 sieve element

Claims

claims

A heat pump comprising a housing (1) through which ambient air flows, a flow guide (2) arranged in the housing (1) for the ambient air and a heat-pump component (3) associated with the ambient air and sound-emitting heat pump component (3) associated with the flow guide (2) .

in that the flow guide (2) for forming a jacket flow of the ambient air in the housing (1) is designed to surround the heat pump component (3) in a jacket-like manner on its vertical sides.

2. Heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump component (3) comprises a heat exchanger (4),

characterized,

that the heat exchanger (4) is enclosed by the sheath flow.

3. Heat pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat pump component (3) comprises a fan (5),

characterized,

the fan (5) has a vertically oriented axis of rotation.

4. Heat pump according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized,

that the housing (1) seen in horizontal cross-section is optionally at least triangular or round, more preferably circular, is formed.

5. Heat pump according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein on the housing (1) optionally with the flow guide (2) connected to the inlet and / or outlet port (2.1, 2.2) is provided,

characterized ,

in that optionally the inlet and / or outlet opening (2.1, 2.2) is or are distributed over a circumference of the housing (1).

6. Heat pump according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized ,

in that the housing (1) has an upper and a lower housing section (1.1, 1.2).

7. Heat pump according to claim 6,

characterized ,

an upper jacket channel (2.3) for supplying the ambient air is provided in the upper housing section (1.1).

8. Heat pump according to claim 6 or 7,

characterized ,

a lower jacket channel (2.4) for discharging the ambient air is provided in the lower housing section (1.2).

9. Heat pump according to one of claims 3 to 8,

characterized ,

in that, downstream of the fan (5), a conical or pyramid-shaped flow deflection (6), which preferably opens out at the lower jacket channel (2.4), is optionally assigned.

10. Heat pump according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized,

in that a support frame (7) is arranged in the housing (1) and is fastened to this housing outer shell (8), the support frame (7) preferably being rectangular, in particular square, viewed in the horizontal cross section