WO2015103998A1 - 活塞式燃水发动机及其工作方法 - Google Patents

活塞式燃水发动机及其工作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015103998A1
WO2015103998A1 PCT/CN2015/070489 CN2015070489W WO2015103998A1 WO 2015103998 A1 WO2015103998 A1 WO 2015103998A1 CN 2015070489 W CN2015070489 W CN 2015070489W WO 2015103998 A1 WO2015103998 A1 WO 2015103998A1
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Prior art keywords
water
water spray
piston
controller
signal
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PCT/CN2015/070489
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English (en)
French (fr)
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曲日
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曲日
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/02Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025Adding water
    • F02M25/03Adding water into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a piston type water combustion engine and a method of operating the same
  • the traditional piston engine uses the explosive force generated by fuel or gas to push the piston to work. It generates a lot of heat that does not work. All the heat is generated from the fuel. The engine cannot fully utilize the energy of the fuel and gas. To ensure the safe temperature of the engine, it must also be forced. Cooling measures, this will inevitably result in the waste of most of the fuel.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a piston type water-fueled engine with low operating temperature, high efficiency, energy saving and consumption, and a working method thereof. Heating the atomized water with heat generated by burning fuel in the engine combustion chamber, and then utilizing Steam expansion pushes the piston to work, improving engine efficiency and reducing fuel consumption and emissions.
  • the piston type water combustion engine includes an engine block, a piston disposed in the engine block, a cylinder head mounted on the engine block, and an exhaust pipe, and the piston is coupled to the crankshaft through a piston rod, the cylinder head a combustion chamber is disposed, an injector is installed in the combustion chamber, and an atomizing water nozzle is further disposed in the combustion chamber, and the atomizing water nozzle is connected to an output end of the high pressure water pump through a water spray controller, The input of the high pressure water pump is connected to the water tank through a pipe.
  • the exhaust pipe is provided with a water jacket, and the water jacket is connected in series in a pipeline between the water tank and the water spray controller.
  • the water spray controller includes a solenoid valve connected in series between the atomizing water nozzle and the high pressure water pump, a pulse width adjusting circuit connected to the control end of the electromagnetic valve, and a water spray control circuit connected to the input end of the pulse width adjusting circuit.
  • the pulse width adjustment circuit includes a monostable trigger controller, a temperature sensor connected to the signal input end of the monostable trigger controller, an amplifying circuit connected to the signal output end of the monostable trigger controller, and the monostable trigger controller The trigger end is connected to the signal output end of the water spray control circuit, and the water spray control circuit comprises an AND gate circuit, a crank position sensor connected to the input end of the AND circuit, and a power cylinder signal generator.
  • the high pressure water pump sends the water pump in the water tank to the input end of the water spray controller, and the water spray controller detects the crankshaft position through the crank position sensor and detects whether it is a power cylinder through the power cylinder signal generator; Between 15 degrees and 60 degrees, the water spray controller sends a water spray pulse signal and determines a pulse width of the water spray pulse signal according to the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor, and the water spray pulse signal controls the electromagnetic valve to smash, to the work cylinder The atomized water is sprayed into the inside; if at least one of the conditions of the power cylinder and the crankshaft is between 15 degrees and 60 degrees, the water spray controller sends a water spray signal.
  • the water in the water tank is preheated to 80 ° C or higher through the exhaust pipe heat exchanger, and the heat of the exhaust gas is reused, and is injected into the cylinder through the high pressure water pump to generate high temperature steam of 300 ° C or higher. Rapidly expanded to about 1800 times.
  • the corresponding pressure of 300 ° C is 9 MPa, which has exceeded the normal working pressure of the engine.
  • Engine speed is reduced by approximately 20%, power is increased by approximately 10%, and torque is increased by approximately 30% .
  • the power will increase proportionally, and the water vapor pressure depends on the fuel injection amount and the water spray ratio. In this way, the fuel consumption can be greatly reduced, and the operating temperature of the engine can be reduced, which is conducive to energy saving and environmental protection.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of a water spray controller.
  • the piston type water combustion engine of the present invention comprises an engine block 8, a piston 7 disposed in the engine block 8, a cylinder head 5 mounted on the engine block 8, and an exhaust.
  • the piston 7 is connected to the crankshaft via a piston rod.
  • the cylinder head 5 is provided with a combustion chamber 6 in which an injector 9 is mounted, and the combustion chamber 6 is also provided with atomized water.
  • the nozzle 6, the atomizing water nozzle 6 is connected to the output end of the high pressure water pump 2 via a water spray controller 3, and the input end of the high pressure water pump 2 is connected to the water tank 1 through a pipe.
  • the exhaust pipe is provided with a water jacket 11, and the water jacket 11 is connected in series between the water tank 1 and the water spray controller 3.
  • the water in the water jacket 11 is heated by the heat of the exhaust pipe and sent to the water spray controller 3 to increase the temperature of the atomized water sprayed into the combustion chamber 6.
  • the water spray controller 3 includes a solenoid valve 31 connected in series between the atomizing water nozzle 6 and the high pressure water pump 2, a pulse width adjusting circuit 32 connected to the control end of the electromagnetic valve 31, and connected to a water spray control circuit 33 at the input end of the pulse width adjustment circuit 32, the pulse width adjustment circuit 32 includes a monostable trigger controller IC, a temperature sensor RT connected to the signal input end of the monostable trigger controller IC, and a monostable connection An amplifying circuit for triggering a signal output end of the controller IC; a trigger end of the monostable trigger controller IC is connected to a signal output end of the water spray control circuit 33, and the water spray control circuit (33) includes an AND circuit (IC2) , the crank position sensor (S1) connected to the input of the AND circuit (IC2) and the power cylinder signal generator (S2).
  • the water spray control circuit 33 includes an AND circuit IC2, a crank position sensor S1 connected to the input end of the AND circuit IC2, and a work cylinder signal generator S2.
  • Both the crank position sensor SI and the work cylinder signal generator S2 are prior art, the crank position sensor S1 generates a crank position signal, and the work cylinder signal generator S2 generates a work cylinder signal.
  • the crank position sensor S1 usually detects the angle of rotation of the crankshaft using a Hall element or a photoelectric element. Degree position, the work cylinder signal generator S2 can use independent sensors to generate the work cylinder signal, or the signal generated by the multiple crank position sensors can be converted or calculated by the circuit to obtain the work cylinder signal.
  • the above-described working method of the piston type water-fueled engine has the following steps:
  • the high-pressure water pump 2 sends the water pump in the water tank 1 to the input end of the water spray controller 3, and the water spray controller 3 detects the crankshaft through the crank position sensor S1.
  • the water spray controller 3 sends a water spray pulse signal and is detected according to the temperature sensor RT
  • the temperature value determines the pulse width of the water jet pulse signal, and the water spray pulse signal controls the solenoid valve 31 to snoring, and sprays the atomized water into the power cylinder; the higher the water temperature, the larger the pulse width of the water jet pulse signal, and the widest width is controlled.
  • the maximum pulse width is limited to 10ms, so that the fuel supply amount and the water supply injection ratio can be automatically corrected according to the sensor feedback signal to ensure the stability of the power, and the safe temperature of the engine is also ensured. If the crankshaft position is between 15 degrees and 20 degrees and at least one of the power strokes is not satisfied, the water spray controller 3 issues a no water spray signal.
  • crankshaft of the ordinary engine ignition is before 15 degrees, that is, after the fuel ignition combustion starts to work, before the end of the work, the atomizing water nozzle 6 sprays the atomized water into the combustion chamber, so that neither Affecting ignition combustion can also use the residual heat after combustion to rapidly heat and expand the atomized water, and the expanded water vapor will push the piston to work and improve work efficiency. .
  • the crankshaft of the ordinary engine ignition is before 15 degrees, that is, after the fuel ignition combustion starts to work, before the end of the work, the atomizing water nozzle 6 sprays the atomized water into the combustion chamber, so that neither Affecting ignition combustion can also use the residual heat after combustion to rapidly heat and expand the atomized water, and the expanded water vapor will push the piston to work and improve work efficiency.
  • the piston type water engine has low operating temperature, high efficiency, stable and reliable operation, and remarkable energy saving and consumption reduction effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

一种活塞式燃水发动机,包括发动机缸体(8)、设置在发动机缸体中的活塞(7)、安装在发动机缸体上的缸盖(5)和排气管,活塞通过活塞杆与曲轴连接,缸盖上设有燃烧室(6),燃烧室中安装有喷油嘴(9),燃烧室中还安装有雾化水喷嘴,雾化水喷嘴通过喷水控制器(3)连接高压水泵(2)的输出端,高压水泵的输入端通过管道连接水箱(1)。该活塞式燃水发动机工作温度低、效率高、运行平稳可靠、节能降耗效果显著。

Description

活塞式燃水发动机及其工作方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种内燃机发动机, 具体说是一种活塞式燃水发动机及其工作方法 背景技术
[0002] 发动机各种新技术从出不穷, 日新月异。 发动机技术已成为一个国家技术水平 的标志。 高端科技、 专利权几乎都被跨国公司所包揽。 我国有自主产权的发动 机技术屈指可数。 能源是全人类关心的问题, 也是我国社会经济发展的重中之 重。 燃油、 燃气价格日益攀升在一定程度上制约了汽车业、 飞机的发展。 发动 机效率一直困扰着发动机专家, 更困扰着环保人士, 同吋已经造成无可挽回的 毁灭性污染。 能源不是取之不尽的, 据专家预测 2050年石油资源将会幵采殆尽 , 能源危机将席卷全球, 而替代能源尚未问世。 传统活塞式发动机利用燃油或 者燃气产生的爆发力推动活塞做功, 会产生大量不做功的热量, 而所有热量均 产自燃油, 发动机无法全部利用燃油、 燃气的能量, 为保证发动机安全温度还 必须采取强制冷却措施, 这必然要造成大部分燃油的浪费。
[0003] 现代科学常识告诉我们, N重量 80°C的水加热至 300°C所需热量为 4200J/(KG°C)
X (300-80) xN=924N (J)
[0004] N重量的汽油燃烧产生的热量是 4.6xlOA7J/KGxN=4600N (J)
[0005] N重量的柴油燃烧产生的热量是 3.3xl0A7J/KGxN=3300N (J)
[0006] N重量的天然气燃烧产生的热量是 4.5 xlOA7J/KGxN=4500N (J)
[0007] 根据发动机功率计算公式: P= (NVP) /30t (N:转速 rpm; V:排量 L; P:缸内平 均压力 MPa; t: 发动机冲程; 四冲程 =4; 二冲程 =2) 证明相同重量燃油或者天 然气完全燃烧产生的热量大于同等重量水升温至 300°所需热量的 4倍。
技术问题
[0008] 本发明的目的是提供一种工作温度低、 效率高、 节能降耗的活塞式燃水发动机 及其工作方法。 利用发动机燃烧室中燃烧燃料产生的热量加热雾化水, 再利用 蒸汽膨胀推动活塞做功, 提高了发动机效率, 降低了燃油消耗和尾气排放。 问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0009] 为达到上述目的, 本发明采用如下的技术方案:
[0010] 活塞式燃水发动机包括发动机缸体、 设置在发动机缸体中的活塞、 安装在发动 机缸体上的缸盖和排气管, 所述活塞通过活塞杆与曲轴连接, 所述缸盖上设有 燃烧室, 所述燃烧室中安装有喷油嘴, 所述燃烧室中还安装有雾化水喷嘴, 所 述雾化水喷嘴通过喷水控制器连接高压水泵的输出端, 所述高压水泵的输入端 通过管道连接水箱。
[0011] 所述排气管上设有水套, 所述水套串联在水箱与喷水控制器之间的管路中。
[0012] 所述喷水控制器包括串联在雾化水喷嘴与高压水泵之间的电磁阀、 连接在电磁 阀控制端的脉宽调整电路、 连接在脉宽调整电路输入端的喷水控制电路, 所述 脉宽调整电路包括单稳态触发控制器、 连接在单稳态触发控制器信号输入端的 温度传感器、 连接在单稳态触发控制器信号输出端的放大电路, 所述单稳态触 发控制器的触发端连接喷水控制电路的信号输出端, 所述喷水控制电路包括与 门电路、 连接在与门电路输入端的曲轴位置传感器和做功缸信号发生器。
[0013] 高压水泵将水箱中的水泵送到喷水控制器的输入端, 喷水控制器通过曲轴位置 传感器检测曲轴位置并通过做功缸信号发生器检测是否为做功缸; 如果做功缸 曲轴位置处于 15度一 60度之间, 则喷水控制器发出喷水脉冲信号并依据温度 传感器检测的温度值确定喷水脉冲信号的脉宽, 所述喷水脉冲信号控制电磁阀 打幵, 向做功缸内喷入雾化水; 如果做功缸和曲轴位置处于 15度一 60度之间 至少其中一个条件不满足, 则喷水控制器发出不喷水信号。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0014] 采用上述技术方案后, 水箱中的水经过排气管换热器预热至 80°C以上, 废气热 量再次利用, 通过高压水泵喷入气缸, 产生 300°C以上高温蒸汽, 其体积迅速膨 胀至 1800倍左右。 根据水蒸气焓熵图査得 300°C的对应压力为 9MPa,已超过发动 机正常工作压力。 发动机转速降低约 20%, 功率提高约 10%, 扭矩提高约 30% 。 如果将水温在提高至 360°C, 水蒸气焓熵图的对应压力为 20MPa, 功率将按比 例升高, 水蒸气压力取决于喷油量和喷水量比例。 这样就可以大幅度降低燃油 消耗, 同吋还可以降低发动机的工作温度, 有利于节能环保。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0015] 图 1是本发明一个实施例的结构原理图。
[0016] 图 2是喷水控制器的电原理图。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0017] 如图 1所示, 本发明所述的活塞式燃水发动机包括发动机缸体 8、 设置在发动机 缸体 8中的活塞 7、 安装在发动机缸体 8上的缸盖 5和排气管, 所述活塞 7通过活塞 杆与曲轴连接, 所述缸盖 5上设有燃烧室 6, 所述燃烧室 6中安装有喷油嘴 9, 所 述燃烧室 6中还安装有雾化水喷嘴 6, 所述雾化水喷嘴 6通过喷水控制器 3连接高 压水泵 2的输出端, 所述高压水泵 2的输入端通过管道连接水箱 1。
[0018] 所述排气管上设有水套 11, 所述水套 11串联在水箱 1与喷水控制器 3之间的管路 中。 利用排气管的热量将水套 11中的水加热以后送到喷水控制器 3, 用以提高喷 入燃烧室 6的雾化水的温度。
[0019] 如图 2所示, 所述喷水控制器 3包括串联在雾化水喷嘴 6与高压水泵 2之间的电磁 阀 31、 连接在电磁阀 31控制端的脉宽调整电路 32、 连接在脉宽调整电路 32输入 端的喷水控制电路 33, 所述脉宽调整电路 32包括单稳态触发控制器 IC、 连接在 单稳态触发控制器 IC信号输入端的温度传感器 RT、 连接在单稳态触发控制器 IC 信号输出端的放大电路; 所述单稳态触发控制器 IC的触发端连接喷水控制电路 3 3的信号输出端, 所述喷水控制电路 (33) 包括与门电路 (IC2) 、 连接在与门 电路 (IC2) 输入端的曲轴位置传感器 (S1) 和做功缸信号发生器 (S2) 。 所述 喷水控制电路 33包括与门电路 IC2、 连接在与门电路 IC2输入端的曲轴位置传感 器 S1和做功缸信号发生器 S2。 曲轴位置传感器 SI和做功缸信号发生器 S2均为现 有技术, 曲轴位置传感器 S1产生曲轴位置信号, 做功缸信号发生器 S2产生做功 缸信号。 曲轴位置传感器 S1通常采用霍尔元件或者光电元件检测曲轴旋转的角 度位置, 做功缸信号发生器 S2可以采用独立的传感器产生做功缸信号, 也可以 利用多个曲轴位置传感器产生的信号经过电路转换或计算得到做功缸信号。
[0020] 该活塞式燃水发动机的其余部分结构和工作原理采用现有技术, 在此不再详述
[0021] 上述的活塞式燃水发动机的工作方法, 其步骤如下: 高压水泵 2将水箱 1中的水 泵送到喷水控制器 3的输入端, 喷水控制器 3通过曲轴位置传感器 S1检测曲轴位 置, 同吋通过做功缸信号发生器 S2判断是否为做功缸, 如果做功缸的曲轴位置 处于 15度一 20度之间, 则喷水控制器 3发出喷水脉冲信号并依据温度传感器 RT 检测的温度值确定喷水脉冲信号的脉宽, 喷水脉冲信号控制电磁阀 31打幵, 向 做功缸内喷入雾化水; 水温越高喷水脉冲信号的脉冲宽度越大, 最宽宽度受控 于限宽电阻, 最大脉宽限制在 10ms以内, 这样就可以根据传感器反馈信号对供 油量、 供水量喷射比例进行自动即吋修正, 确保动力稳定, 同吋也保证了发动 机的安全温度。 如果曲轴位置处于 15度一 20度之间以及做功冲程至少其中一 个条件不满足, 则喷水控制器 3发出不喷水信号。
[0022] 该活塞式燃水发动机的其他工作步骤如进气、 压缩、 喷油、 燃烧、 膨胀做功、 排气, 均与现有技术相通, 在此不再详述。
[0023] 普通发动机点火的吋候曲轴均处于 15度之前, 也就是说在燃油点火燃烧幵始做 功以后、 做功结束之前, 雾化水喷嘴 6向燃烧室喷入雾化水, 这样既不会影响点 火燃烧还可以利用燃烧后的余热将雾化水迅速加热膨胀, 膨胀后的水蒸气又会 推动活塞做功, 提高工作效率。 。
工业实用性
[0024] 普通发动机点火的吋候曲轴均处于 15度之前, 也就是说在燃油点火燃烧幵始做 功以后、 做功结束之前, 雾化水喷嘴 6向燃烧室喷入雾化水, 这样既不会影响点 火燃烧还可以利用燃烧后的余热将雾化水迅速加热膨胀, 膨胀后的水蒸气又会 推动活塞做功, 提高工作效率。 该活塞式燃水发动机工作温度低、 效率高、 运 行平稳可靠、 节能降耗效果显著。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 活塞式燃水发动机, 包括发动机缸体 (8) 、 设置在发动机缸体 (
8) 中的活塞 (7) 、 安装在发动机缸体 (8) 上的缸盖 (5) 和排 气管, 所述活塞 (7) 通过活塞杆与曲轴连接, 所述缸盖 (5) 上 设有燃烧室 (6) , 所述燃烧室 (6) 中安装有喷油嘴 (9) , 其特 征在于: 所述燃烧室 (6) 中还安装有雾化水喷嘴 (6) , 所述雾 化水喷嘴 (6) 通过喷水控制器 (3) 连接高压水泵 (2) 的输出端 , 所述高压水泵 (2) 的输入端通过管道连接水箱 (1) 。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的活塞式燃水发动机, 其特征在于: 所述排气 管上设有水套 (11) , 所述水套 (11) 串联在水箱 (1) 与喷水控 制器 (3) 之间的管路中。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的活塞式燃水发动机, 其特征在于: 所述 喷水控制器 (3) 包括串联在雾化水喷嘴 (6) 与高压水泵 (2) 之 间的电磁阀 (31) 、 连接在电磁阀 (31) 控制端的脉宽调整电路 (32) 、 连接在脉宽调整电路 (32) 输入端的喷水控制电路 (33 ) , 所述脉宽调整电路 (32) 包括单稳态触发控制器 (IC) 、 连 接在单稳态触发控制器 (IC) 信号输入端的温度传感器 (RT) 、 连接在单稳态触发控制器 (IC) 信号输出端的放大电路, 所述单 稳态触发控制器 (IC) 的触发端连接喷水控制电路 (33) 的信号 输出端, 所述喷水控制电路 (33) 包括与门电路 (IC2) 、 连接在 与门电路 (IC2) 输入端的曲轴位置传感器 (S1) 和做功缸信号发 生器 (S2) 。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1— 3任意一项所述的活塞式燃水发动机的工作方法
, 其特征在于步骤如下: 高压水泵 (2) 将水箱 (1) 中的水泵送 到喷水控制器 (3) 的输入端, 喷水控制器 (3) 通过曲轴位置传 感器 (S1) 检测曲轴位置并通过做功缸信号发生器 (S2) 检测是 否为做功缸; 如果做功缸曲轴位置处于 15度一 60度之间, 则喷 水控制器 (3) 发出喷水脉冲信号并依据温度传感器 (RT) 检测的 温度值确定喷水脉冲信号的脉宽, 所述喷水脉冲信号控制电磁阀
(31) 打幵, 向做功缸内喷入雾化水; 如果做功缸和曲轴位置处 于 15度一 60度之间至少其中一个条件不满足, 则喷水控制器 (3
) 发出不喷水信号。
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CN104612860B (zh) * 2014-12-03 2017-04-26 陈峯 组装式节油降污发动机
CN107304732A (zh) * 2016-04-19 2017-10-31 南通航运职业技术学院 一种降低渔船双燃料机nox排放的喷水装置
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