WO2015100943A1

WO2015100943A1 - High-speed direct connection spindle

Info

Publication number: WO2015100943A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/079284
Authority: WO
Inventors: 汤秀清
Original assignee: 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司
Priority date: 2013-12-31
Filing date: 2014-06-05
Publication date: 2015-07-09
Also published as: CN103737408B; CN103737408A

Abstract

A high-speed direct connection spindle. The high-speed direct connection spindle comprises: a machine body (10); a spindle core (20), the spindle core (20) being pivotally connected in the machine body (10) through an upper bearing (23) and a lower bearing (24) respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the machine body (10), and a conical hole (22) being provided in the bottom end of the spindle core (20), the diameter of the conical hole (22) being gradually increased from bottom to top; a pull rod (30), the lower end of the pull rod (30) being connected to a pull claw (32) that matches the conical hole (22) and is used for fixing a cutter, and the upper end of the pull rod (30) having a cutter hitting disk (31) fixed thereto; a reset spring (21), mounted between the spindle core (20) and the pull rod (30); and an oil cylinder assembly (40), comprising a cylinder body (41) positioned above the top end of the machine body and a piston (42) mounted inside the cylinder body and used for pushing against the cutter hitting disk (31) downwards. The cylinder body (41) is movably provided with a plurality of connecting pieces penetrating therethrough, the part, penetrating through the lower end of the cylinder body (41), of each connecting piece is fixedly connected to the machine body (10), and each connecting piece has an elastic element sleeved thereon. The cylinder body (41) of the oil cylinder is mounted on the machine body (10) in a floating manner, and the axial thrust applied by the oil cylinder to the spindle core (20) when the cutter is assembled or disassembled can be counteracted, so that the bearings are protected from being damaged, and the service life of the bearings is prolonged.

Description

High speed direct coupling spindle

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a high speed direct coupling spindle. Say

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Current direct-connected spindles generally include a body and a shaft that is pivotally connected to the inside of the body through a bearing.

a core, a pull rod connected inside the shaft core, and a cylinder assembly mounted on the upper part of the body, the piston of the cylinder assembly is used for pressing the pull rod downward, completing the unloading process, and the cylinder block of the cylinder is fixed on the body, the rigidity The connection method makes the cylinder generate axial thrust to the bearing of the direct-coupled spindle during normal operation, which reduces the service life of the bearing. Specifically, the unloading force of the cylinder piston to press the pull rod downward is transmitted to the shaft core through the tie rod On the top, the axial core and the body are caused to move axially downward. Although the ordinary bearing can withstand the top pressure, the axial thrust of the bearing for a long time will seriously affect the matching precision of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, and reduce The service life of the bearing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed direct-coupled spindle that can effectively prevent the upper or unloading force of the cylinder from being transmitted to the bearing and prolong the service life of the bearing. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses the following technical solution: a high speed direct-coupled spindle, including Body

The shaft core is connected to the inner core of the body, and the shaft core is pivotally connected to the inner body through the upper bearing and the lower bearing respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the body, and the bottom end of the shaft core is provided with a tapered shape whose diameter increases from bottom to top. Hole

The movable pull rod is connected to the inner rod of the shaft core, and the lower end portion of the pull rod is connected with a pull claw matched with the tapered hole and used for fixing the cutter. The upper end portion of the pull rod is fixed with a cutter disc, and the cutter disc is connected to the shaft core. Opening in the elongated hole and between the upper end and the lower end of the elongated hole;

a return spring mounted between the shaft core and the tie rod, the return spring for providing an elastic stress for pressing the tie rod upward;

a cylinder assembly including a cylinder above the top end of the body and a piston mounted inside the cylinder for pressing down the cutter disc; the movable body of the cylinder is connected with a plurality of connecting members, the connecting member is worn A portion of the lower end portion of the cylinder is fixedly coupled to the body, and the connecting member is sleeved with an elastic member defined between the portion of the upper end of the connecting member protruding from the cylinder and the cylinder, and the elastic member is used for Provides an elastic stress that pushes the cylinder down.

The connecting member is a pre-tightening screw, and the plurality of pre-tightening screws are evenly distributed on the body; the screw portion of the pre-tightening screw is movably connected to the cylinder body, and a portion of the lower end portion of the pre-tightening screw thread passing through the cylinder body is screwed to the body The spring element is a set of springs on the screw of the pre-tightening screw and defined between the cylinder and the nut of the pre-tightening screw.

The top end of the body is fixedly connected with an upper bearing gland which is pressed against the upper end surface of the upper bearing, and the pre-tightening screw is screwed on the upper bearing gland. The outer sleeve of the body is provided with a body jacket, and the two ends of the body jacket are tightly connected with the body, and a cooling gap is formed between the outer casing of the body and the body.

The body is provided with a coolant input channel and a coolant output channel; one end of the coolant input channel communicates with the cooling gap, and the other end extends to the surface of the body to form a coolant inlet; one end of the coolant output channel communicates with the cooling gap, and One end extends to the surface of the body to form a coolant outlet.

A lower end cover on the outside of the shaft core is fixedly coupled to the lower end of the body.

The inner side wall of the lower end cover is provided with an annular air groove, and the annular air groove is connected with the assembly gap between the lower end cover and the shaft core; the body is provided with an air inlet passage, one end of the air inlet channel is connected with the annular air groove, and the other end is Extending to the surface of the body forms an air inlet.

A plurality of air guiding holes are arranged on the shaft core, and one end of the air guiding hole communicates with the annular air groove, and the other end extends to the surface of the tapered hole.

The lower end surface of the lower end cover is evenly distributed with a plurality of cutting fluid outlets, and the body is provided with a liquid supply passage for conveying the cutting fluid to the cutting fluid outlet, and a universal nozzle is installed at the cutting fluid outlet.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

Compared with the prior art, the cylinder of the cylinder of the present invention is floatingly mounted on the body, which can offset the axial thrust applied to the shaft core when the cylinder is slashed or unloaded, thereby preventing the bearing from being subjected to a large axial thrust. Protects the bearing from damage and prolongs the service life of the bearing. At the same time, the air curtain structure of the invention can effectively prevent the cutting debris from entering the inside of the main shaft; in addition, the cooling mechanism of the invention can ensure that the bearing body and the inner core of the body and the shaft core work in a low temperature state, thereby improving the precision of workpiece processing. DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the air curtain of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of a lower end cover of the present invention;

Where: 10, the body; 11, pre-tightening screws; 12, spring; 13, upper bearing gland; 101, coolant inlet; 102, coolant input channel; 103, opening; 104, coolant output channel; 106, coolant outlet; 111, air inlet; 112, intake passage; 121, inlet passage; 122, inlet hole; 123, plug; 20, shaft core; 21, return spring; 23; upper bearing; 24, lower bearing; 25, air guiding hole; 26, long hole; 30, drawbar; 31, cutter head; 32, claw; 40, cylinder assembly; 41, cylinder; 50, lower end cover; 51, communication hole; 52, annular air groove; 53, cutting fluid outlet; 54, cutting fluid inlet; 55, universal nozzle; 60, body jacket; 61, cooling gap. detailed description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the present invention is a high-speed direct-coupled spindle including a body 10, a shaft core 20, a tie rod 30, and a cylinder assembly. 40, wherein the shaft core 20 is connected to the inside of the body 10, and the shaft core 20 is pivotally connected inside the body 10 through the upper bearing 23 and the lower bearing 24 respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the body 10, and the bottom end portion of the shaft core 20 is disposed. a tapered hole 22 having a diameter increasing from bottom to top, the pull rod 30 is movably penetrated inside the shaft core 20, and the bottom end portion of the pull rod 30 is connected with a pulling claw 32 for fixing the cutter, the pulling claw 32 and the above Cone The hole 22 is matched to realize the upper blade and the unloading knife. Specifically, when the pull rod 30 drives the pulling claw 32 to move upwardly through the tapered hole 22, the hole wall of the tapered hole 22 gradually presses the pulling claw 32 inwardly, so that The shank that mounts and fixes the cutter, when the pull rod 30 drives the pull claw 32 to move downward through the tapered hole 11, the elastic member on the pull claw 32 spreads the pull claw 32 to release the shank of the cutter. The upper end portion of the tie rod 30 is fixedly connected with a cutter disc 31. The cutter disc 31 is movably sleeved on the outside of the shaft core 20, and the cutter disc 31 is movably engaged in the long hole 26 of the shaft core 20, and the cutter disc 31 is movable between the upper end and the lower end of the elongated hole 26 along the axial direction of the shaft core 20. A return spring 21 is mounted between the shaft core 20 and the tie rod 30. The return spring 21 may be a disc spring for providing an elastic stress for pressing the tie rod 30 upward. The cylinder assembly 40 is disposed above the upper end portion of the body 10 and includes a cylinder 41 and a piston 42 which is located above the top end portion of the body 10, and a piston 42 is mounted inside the cylinder 41 for use on the cylinder 41 When the chamber is pressurized, the downward movement causes the cutter disc 31 to be pressed downward; the lower end of the cylinder 41 is movably engaged with a plurality of pre-tightening screws 11 , and the screw portion of the pre-tightening screw 11 is movably engaged in the cylinder A portion of the body 41 through which the lower end portion passes through the cylinder block 41 is screwed to the body 10, so that the pre-tightening screw 11 is fixed to the body 10, and the cylinder block 41 is movably connected to the top end portion of the body 10, and the cylinder The body 41 can extend the axial direction of the pre-tightening screw 11 relative to the body 10, and a spring 12 is sleeved on the screw portion of the pre-tightening screw 11, and the spring 12 is defined by the nut of the pre-tightening screw 11 and the cylinder 41. In the meantime, the spring 12 is normally pressurized, which serves to provide an elastic stress that urges the cylinder 41 toward the body 10, i.e., the spring 12 always presses the cylinder 41 downward. In order to ensure a more even pressure of the spring 12 against the cylinder 41, the above-described pretensioning screws 11 may be evenly distributed on the body 10. Of course, in order to achieve the purpose of pressing the cylinder 41 toward the body 10, the above-mentioned spring 12 Other elastic members, such as rubber sleeves, etc., may be used. The pre-tightening screws 1 1 may also be other connecting members fixedly connected to the body 10 as long as the elastic members can provide the basis for installation.

When the above-mentioned direct-coupled spindle is unloaded, the upper chamber of the cylinder block 41 in the cylinder assembly 40 is pressurized by oil, and the piston 42 is pressed downward to slide the inner wall of the cylinder block 41 downward. Since the position of the body 10 is fixed, The cylinder 41 is movably connected to the body 10 and has a tendency to extend the axial movement of the pretensioning screw 11; during the continuous pressurization of the chamber on the cylinder 41, the pressure of the upper chamber of the cylinder 41 forces the piston 42 to move downward. In the process of pressing the cutter disc 31 and pulling the rod 30 downward with the cutter disc 31, a downward axial force is applied to the shaft core 20, and while the upper chamber pressure continues to increase, the cylinder block 41 is subjected to the upper chamber. The pressure of the chamber is moved upward, so that a part of the pressure inside the upper chamber is pressed against the cylinder 41, and the downward force applied to the tie rod 30 is prevented from being excessively large, thereby effectively reducing the axial core 20 being subjected to The axial force prevents the upper bearing 23 from being subjected to a large axial force and effectively protects the upper bearing 23. In the upper knife, the cutter 31 is located at the bottom end of the long hole 26, the upper chamber of the cylinder 41 is depressurized, the return spring 21 starts to reset and the pull rod 30 is pressed upward, and the cutter 31 is moved to the long hole. The upper end surface of the upper end surface of the cutter head 31 has a tendency to move upward when the top pressure of the cutter head 31 is upward. When the shaft core 20 is subjected to a large upward pressure, the shaft core 20 presses the cutter disc 31 upwardly, and the cutter disc The force is transmitted to the piston 42 and the cylinder block 41 in turn. Since the cylinder block 41 is movably mounted on the body 10, the cylinder block 41 moves upward and presses the spring 12, and the plurality of springs 12 are forced to compress to receive the upward direction of the core core 20. The top pressure is evenly distributed to ensure that the axial thrust received by the core 20 is within the range that the upper bearing 23 can withstand.

The top end of the body 10 is fixedly coupled with an upper bearing that is pressed against the upper end surface of the upper bearing 23. The gland 13 3 , the pre-tightening screw 11 described above may be screwed onto the upper bearing gland 13 .

The present invention is further provided with a cooling mechanism for reducing the operating temperature of the main shaft. Specifically, a body casing 60 is fixedly attached to the outside of the body 10, and the upper and lower ends of the casing 60 are disposed between the upper and lower ends of the body casing 60. A sealing ring is disposed, and a cooling gap 61 for accommodating the cooling liquid is formed between the body casing 60 and the body 10. The cooling liquid in the cooling gap 61 exchanges heat with the body 10 to lower the operating temperature of the body 10; For efficiency, a coolant input channel 102 and a coolant output channel 104 may be formed in the body 10. One end of the coolant input channel 102 extends to the outer surface of the body 10 to form a coolant inlet 101, and the other end passes through the body 10. The opening 103 is provided to be electrically connected to the upper end of the cooling gap 61. One end of the coolant output passage 104 extends to the outer surface of the body 10 to form a coolant outlet 106, and the other end passes through the opening 105 and the cooling gap provided on the body 10. The lower end of the 61 is turned on, and the above-mentioned coolant inlet 101 is connected to the external cooling device output, and is cold. The liquid outlet 106 is connected to the input end of the cooling device, thereby connecting the cooling device and the cooling gap 61 into a circuit. During the working of the spindle, the cooling device continuously delivers the cooling liquid to the cooling gap 61, continuously taking the spindle work. The heat generated ensures that the spindle operates within the normal temperature range, in particular ensuring that the lower bearing 24 operates over the normal temperature range, prolongs the service life of the lower bearing 24, and increases the rate of rotation of the shaft core 20.

The lower end portion of the body 10 is fixedly coupled with a lower end cover 50 outside the shaft core 20, and the lower end cover 50 is for supporting the lower bearing 24. The inner side wall of the lower end cover 50 is provided with an annular air groove 52, the lower end cover 50 and the shaft core 20. The assembly gap between them is in communication with the annular gas groove 52. The lower end cover 50 is provided with a communication hole 51 extending along the radial direction thereof; the body 10 is provided with An intake passage 112, an upper end portion of the intake passage 112 extends to an outer surface of the body 10 to form an intake port 1111. After the lower end cover 50 and the body 10 are sufficiently fixed, the communication hole 51 connects the lower end portion of the intake passage 112 with The annular air groove 52 is connected, and the air inlet 111 is connected to a high-pressure air source of the outside, and the compressed air is sent from the air inlet passage 112, the compressed air is extended into the annular air groove 52 through the communication hole 51, and the annular air groove 52 is distributed to the lower end cover. The assembly gap between the 50 and the shaft core 20 is blown out from the lower end portion of the main shaft, whereby an air curtain can be formed at the assembly gap between the lower end cover 50 and the shaft core 20, thereby forming a gas seal for the assembly gap and preventing the workpiece from being processed. Debris and other debris enter the inside of the spindle.

In addition, the shaft core 20 is further provided with a plurality of air guiding holes 25 extending upward from the lower end portion of the side surface of the shaft core 20 to the top end portion of the inner surface of the tapered hole 22, and the air guiding hole 25 is located at the shaft end. One end of the outer side of the core 20 communicates with the annular air groove 52, and the compressed air is evenly distributed to the plurality of air guiding holes 25 via the annular air groove 52. After the unloading is completed, the compressed gas is blown toward the shank of the tool located in the tapered hole 22. , to achieve unloading knife blowing.

A plurality of cutting fluid outlets 53 are further mounted on the lower end cover 50. The cutting fluid outlets 53 are internally provided with a universal nozzle 55. The lower end cover 50 is provided with a cutting fluid inlet 54 communicating with the cutting fluid outlet 53, which is disposed on the body 10. There is a liquid supply passage for conveying the cutting fluid to the cutting fluid inlet 54. In the present invention, the liquid supply passage may be separately provided in the passage of the body 10, or may be a passage in the cooling mechanism described above. Specifically, The body 10 is provided with a liquid inlet passage 121 having an upper end portion communicating with the cooling gap 61 through the liquid inlet hole 122. The lower end portion of the liquid inlet passage 121 extends to the lower end surface of the body 10, and the bottom end portion of the inlet passage 121 is packaged. There is a plug 123. In some processes that need to transport the cutting fluid, the plug 123 can be disassembled, so that the lower end of the inlet passage 121 and the cutting fluid enter The port 54 is in communication, and the cutting fluid is supplied through the coolant inlet 101. After the cutting fluid enters the cooling gap 61, the feed inlet passage 121, the cutting fluid inlet 54, and the universal nozzle 55 are conveyed to the surface of the workpiece.

Various other changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above-described technical solutions and modifications, and all such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Claim

1. A high speed direct coupling spindle, characterized in that

Body

The high-speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member is a pre-tightening screw, and the plurality of pre-tightening screws are respectively distributed on the body; the screw portion of the pre-tightening screw is movably connected to the cylinder The portion of the lower end of the pre-tightening screw thread passing through the cylinder is screwed to the body, and the elastic element is a set of springs on the screw of the pre-tightening screw and defined between the cylinder and the nut of the pre-tightening screw.

The high-speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 2, wherein the top end portion of the body is fixedly coupled with an upper bearing gland which is pressed against the upper end surface of the upper bearing, and the pre-tightening screw is screwed to the upper bearing gland.

The high-speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 1, wherein the outer casing of the body is sleeved with a casing, and the two ends of the casing are tightly connected with the body, and a cooling gap is formed between the casing and the body.

The high-speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 4, wherein the body is provided with a coolant input passage and a coolant output passage; one end of the coolant input passage communicates with the cooling gap, and the other end extends to the surface of the body. Forming a coolant inlet; one end of the coolant output passage communicates with the cooling gap, and the other end extends to the surface of the body to form a coolant outlet.

The high speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the body is fixedly coupled to a lower end cover outside the shaft core.

The high-speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 6, wherein the inner side wall of the lower end cover is provided with an annular air groove, and the annular air groove is connected with the assembly gap between the lower end cover and the shaft core; An intake passage having one end communicating with the annular air groove and the other end extending to the surface of the body to form an air inlet.

The high speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of air guiding holes are uniformly distributed on the shaft core, and one end of the air guiding hole communicates with the annular air groove, and the other end extends to the surface of the tapered hole.

The high-speed direct-coupled spindle according to claim 6, wherein a lower cutting surface of the lower end cover is evenly distributed with a plurality of cutting fluid outlets, and the body is provided with a cutting fluid outlet for cutting The liquid supply channel for sending the cutting fluid is provided with a universal nozzle at the outlet of the cutting fluid.