WO2015100783A1 - 显示模组及液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

显示模组及液晶显示装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015100783A1
WO2015100783A1 PCT/CN2014/070433 CN2014070433W WO2015100783A1 WO 2015100783 A1 WO2015100783 A1 WO 2015100783A1 CN 2014070433 W CN2014070433 W CN 2014070433W WO 2015100783 A1 WO2015100783 A1 WO 2015100783A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal panel
black
white
reaction time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/070433
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何振伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority to US14/235,086 priority Critical patent/US9472142B2/en
Publication of WO2015100783A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100783A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
    • G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G02F1/133638—Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/02—Composition of display devices
    • G09G2300/023—Display panel composed of stacked panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/024—Scrolling of light from the illumination source over the display in combination with the scanning of the display screen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0233—Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0252—Improving the response speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/10—Dealing with defective pixels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display devices, and more particularly to a display module and a liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal display realizes the normal display state by controlling the deflection of the liquid crystal. However, since the liquid crystal deflection requires a certain time response, the response time of the liquid crystal determines the quality of the liquid crystal display. If the response time of the liquid crystal is too slow, it will cause display problems such as smear.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a display module and a liquid crystal display device which are less affected by the liquid crystal deflection response time and which have excellent display effects.
  • a display module comprising: a backlight for providing a light source;
  • the first liquid crystal panel is disposed on the backlight, the first liquid crystal panel is disposed in a normally black mode; the second liquid crystal panel is disposed on the first liquid crystal panel, and the second liquid crystal panel is disposed in a normally white mode;
  • the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel displayed by black to white is smaller than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel displayed by black to white, and the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel displayed by white to black is greater than the second liquid crystal.
  • the response time of the panel from white to black is smaller than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel displayed by black to white.
  • the first liquid crystal panel adopts a TN type liquid crystal
  • the second liquid crystal panel adopts an ECB. Liquid crystal.
  • the first liquid crystal panel adopts a TN type liquid crystal
  • the second liquid crystal panel adopts a VA type liquid crystal
  • the first liquid crystal panel adopts a TN type liquid crystal
  • the second liquid crystal panel adopts an IPS type liquid crystal
  • the first liquid crystal panel adopts a TN type liquid crystal
  • the second liquid crystal panel adopts a TN type liquid crystal
  • an optical phase retarder is disposed between the first liquid crystal panel and the second liquid crystal panel.
  • the optical phase retarder consists of an A film and a C film; or the optical outward retarder comprises only an A film; or the optical outward retarder comprises only a C film.
  • a diffusion sheet is disposed on the light emitting surface of the second liquid crystal panel.
  • a display module comprising:
  • a backlight for providing a light source
  • the first liquid crystal panel is disposed on the backlight, the first liquid crystal panel is disposed in a normally white mode; the second liquid crystal panel is disposed on the first liquid crystal panel, and the second liquid crystal panel is disposed in a normally black mode;
  • the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel displayed by white to black is smaller than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel displayed by white to black, and the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel displayed by black to white is greater than the second liquid crystal.
  • the response time of the panel from black to white is smaller than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel displayed by white to black, and the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel displayed by black to white is greater than the second liquid crystal.
  • a liquid crystal display device comprising: the display module of any of the above.
  • the liquid crystal display module is configured to include a first liquid crystal panel and a second liquid crystal panel according to different response times of the liquid crystal deflection, and the first liquid crystal panel is disposed on the backlight and is disposed in a normally black mode, and the second liquid crystal The panel is set to the normally white mode, and the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel displayed by black to white is smaller than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel displayed by black to white, and the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel is displayed from white to black. It is greater than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel displayed from white to black.
  • the display from black to white is provided by the first liquid crystal panel of the normally black mode, and when the display is from white to black, it is provided by the second liquid crystal panel of the normally white mode, which makes full use of the two panels.
  • the changed reaction time is displayed in the normally black or normally white state to compensate for the defects of the single panel in the reaction time, and the display effect of the display device is effectively improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-layer panel and a display reaction time thereof according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a display module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the deflection characteristics of the ECB type liquid crystal
  • FIG. 5 is an analysis chart of high viewing angle and high contrast under the structure of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the structure of a liquid crystal display module according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes: a first liquid crystal panel 100, a second liquid crystal panel 200, and a backlight 300.
  • the first liquid crystal panel is placed in the backlight.
  • the reaction time displayed to white indicates that the reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel 100 from white to black is greater than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel 200 from white to black.
  • the light-incident surface of the first liquid crystal panel 100 is provided with a first polarizing plate 101, and the light-emitting surface thereof is provided with a second polarizing plate 102; the light-incident surface of the second liquid crystal panel 200 is provided with a third polarizing plate 203, and the light-emitting surface thereof is provided with The fourth polarizing plate 204, the normally black and normally white modes of the first liquid crystal panel 100 and the second liquid crystal panel 200 can be realized by adjusting the deflection mode of the liquid crystal and the manner in which the respective polarizing plates are disposed. As shown in FIG.
  • the reaction time is relatively quick when it is displayed from normal black to white, and the reaction time is when the white is returned to the black display.
  • the relative delay is relatively large.
  • the display of the liquid crystal display module is implemented by being provided by the first liquid crystal panel of the normally black mode when displayed from black to white, and not by the second liquid crystal panel 200 of the normally white mode.
  • the second liquid crystal panel 200 with the normally white mode is provided, which fully utilizes the display of the two panels in the normally black or normally white state.
  • the changing reaction time compensates for the defects of the single panel in the reaction time, and effectively improves the display effect of the display device.
  • the first liquid crystal panel 100 adopts a TN type liquid crystal 110
  • the second liquid crystal panel 200 uses a VA type liquid crystal 210
  • the second liquid crystal panel 200 may also adopt an IPS type liquid crystal or an ECB type. , TN type liquid crystal.
  • this embodiment is an improvement based on the first embodiment.
  • the first embodiment since a double-layer panel structure is adopted, when displaying an image, it may be viewed from a larger viewing angle. There will be problems with image misalignment.
  • the present embodiment proposes that by providing an optical phase retarder 270 between the first liquid crystal panel 100 and the second liquid crystal panel, the optical phase retarder 270 can control the light divergence of the panel, thereby solving the problem of image misalignment.
  • the optical phase retarder 270 includes an A film (positive double zigzag uniaxial A-plate) and a C film (negative hyperbolic uniaxial C-plate).
  • the optical phase retarder 270 may also be only an A film or only a C film.
  • the purpose of the optical phase delay sheet 270 of the present invention is to control the light divergence of the light exit surface of the panel, and the optical phase retarder 270 is coupled in such a manner as to avoid image misalignment.
  • the first liquid crystal panel 100 described in this embodiment adopts a TN liquid crystal.
  • the TN type liquid crystal panel has low light divergence, so that it can be exhausted under the double layer structure It is possible to avoid the occurrence of image misalignment.
  • the embodiment adopts an ECB type liquid crystal (disordered mixed arrangement liquid crystal), and the ECB type liquid crystal panel has a good separation of three color peak voltages, a low operating voltage, and a viewing angle over the entire plane.
  • the feature of azimuth symmetry inside can greatly increase the viewing angle of the display device.
  • the deflection state of the ECB type liquid crystal under the action of an electric field is given, which is advantageous for the divergence of light, so that the viewing angle of the display can be enlarged.
  • a high haze diffusion sheet 205 is simultaneously provided to further enlarge the viewing angle range of the display device to compensate for the optical phase retarder.
  • the setting of 270 causes the problem of narrowing the angle of view.
  • the second liquid crystal panel 200 adopts an ECB type liquid crystal, so that it has a display effect similar to that of the IPS structure panel, and a superior display image quality can be seen. Under the structure of the display module of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, it not only has a high viewing angle range, but also has a high contrast display effect.
  • FIG. 6 Another embodiment is provided as shown in Fig. 6. Unlike the first embodiment, an optical phase retarder 270 is also added between the first liquid crystal panel 100 and the second liquid crystal panel 200 in this embodiment. This can effectively eliminate the phenomenon of image misalignment.
  • the first liquid crystal panel is placed on the backlight 300 and is set to the normally white mode
  • the second liquid crystal panel 200 is set to a normally black mode, wherein a reaction time of the first liquid crystal panel 100 from white to black is less than a reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel 200 from white to black, and the first liquid crystal panel 100 is displayed by black to white. The time is longer than the reaction time of the second liquid crystal panel 200 displayed from black to white.
  • the light-incident surface of the first liquid crystal panel 100 is provided with a first polarizing plate 101, and the light-emitting surface thereof is provided with a second polarizing plate 102; the light-incident surface of the second liquid crystal panel 200 is provided with a third polarizing plate 203, and the light-emitting surface thereof is provided with
  • the normally black and normally white modes of the fourth polarizing plate 204, the first liquid crystal panel 100, and the second liquid crystal panel 200 can be realized by adjusting the deflection mode of the liquid crystal and the arrangement of the respective polarizing plates.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

一种显示模组，包括第一液晶面板（100）、第二液晶面板（200）和背光源（300）。第一液晶面板（100）置于背光源（300）之上，并设置为常黑模式。第二液晶面板（200）设置于第一液晶面板（100）之上，并设置为常白模式。第一液晶面板（100）由黑向白显示的反应时间小于第二液晶面板（200）由黑向白显示的反应时间，第一液晶面板（100）由白向黑显示的反应时间大于第二液晶面板（200）由白向黑显示的反应时间。这种方式利用两个面板在常黑或常白状态显示变化的反应时间来补偿单一面板在反应时间上的缺陷。

Description

显示模组及液晶显示装置
【技术领域】
本发明涉及显示装置领域， 更具体的说， 涉及一种显示模组及液晶显示装 置。
【背景技术】
液晶显示器通过控制液晶的偏转以实现正常的显示状态， 但是， 由于液晶 偏转需要一定的时间响应， 因此， 液晶的响应时间快慢就决定了液晶显示的质 量高低。 若液晶响应的时间过慢， 则会造成如拖影等显示问题。
通常， 为了提高液晶的响应时间， 是通过对施加的电压等因素考虑进行改 进， 这就需要考虑对液晶面板的驱动电路进行改进， 然而此种方式， 依然无法 突破液晶偏转的物理限制， 要达到更加优秀的显示效果， 依然需要对液晶显示 装置进行进一步的改进。
【发明内容】
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种受液晶偏转响应时间影响小、 显示 效果优秀的显示模组及液晶显示装置。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的： 一种显示模组， 包括： 背光源， 用于提供光源；
第一液晶面板， 设置于背光源之上， 该第一液晶面板设置为常黑模式； 第二液晶面板， 设置与第一液晶面板之上， 该第二液晶面板设置为常白模 式；
所述第一液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间小于所述第二液晶面板由黑向 白显示的反应时间， 所述第一液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间大于所述第二 液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间。
优选的， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN型液晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 ECB 型液晶。
优选的， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN型液晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 VA型 液晶。
优选的， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN型液晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 IPS型 液晶。
优选的， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN型液晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 TN型 液晶。
优选的， 在所述第一液晶面板与所述第二液晶面板之间， 设置有光学相位 延迟片。
优选的， 所述光学相位延迟片由 A膜与 C膜组成； 或者所述光学向外延迟 片仅包括有 A膜； 或者所述光学向外延迟片仅包括有 C膜。
优选的， 在所述第二液晶面板的出光面， 设置有一扩散片。
一种显示模组， 其包括：
背光源， 用于提供光源；
第一液晶面板， 设置于背光源之上， 该第一液晶面板设置为常白模式； 第二液晶面板， 设置与第一液晶面板之上， 该第二液晶面板设置为常黑模 式；
所述第一液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间小于所述第二液晶面板由白向 黑显示的反应时间， 所述第一液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间大于所述第二 液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间。
一种液晶显示装置， 包括： 如上任一所述的显示模组。
本发明根据液晶偏转的响应时间不同， 将液晶显示模组设置为包括第一液 晶面板以及第二液晶面板， 第一液晶面板置于背光源之上， 并设置为常黑模式， 而第二液晶面板则设置为常白模式， 第一液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间小 于所述第二液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间， 所述第一液晶面板由白向黑显 示的反应时间大于所述第二液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间。 在进行显示时， 由黑向白显示则由常黑模式的第一液晶面板来提供， 而当显示为由白向黑时， 则由常白模式的第二液晶面板来提供， 这种方式充分利用了两个面板在常黑或 常白状态显示变化的反应时间来补偿单一面板在反应时间上的缺陷， 有效的提 高显示装置的显示效果。
【附图说明】
图 1是本发明实施例一的双层面板及其显示反应时间的示意图，
图 2是本发明实施例一的显示模组结构示意图，
图 3是本发明实施例二的显示模组结构示意图，
图 4是 ECB型液晶的偏转特性示意图，
图 5是实施例二结构下的高视角及高对比度的分析图表，
图 6是本发明实施例三的显示模组结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图和较佳的实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例一
如图 1-2所示为本发明实施例一给出的一种液晶显示模组的结构， 包括： 第 一液晶面板 100、 第二液晶面板 200以及背光源 300, 第一液晶面板置于背光源 300之上， 并设置为常黑模式， 而第二液晶面板 200则设置为常白模式， 其中， 第一液晶面板 100由黑向白显示的反应时间小于所述第二液晶面板 200由黑向 白显示的反应时间， 所述第一液晶面板 100 由白向黑显示的反应时间大于所述 第二液晶面板 200由白向黑显示的反应时间。 第一液晶面板 100的入光面设置 有第一偏振片 101 , 其出光面设置有第二偏振片 102; 第二液晶面板 200的入光 面设置有第三偏振片 203 , 其出光面设置有第四偏振片 204, 第一液晶面板 100 和第二液晶面板 200 的常黑、 常白模式可通过调整液晶的偏转方式以及各个偏 振片的设置方式来实现。 如图 1所示， 常黑模式的第一液晶面板 100在 1帧画面中的显示， 由常黑向 白显示时， 其反应时间较为快捷， 而由白返回向黑显示时， 其反应时间则相对 延迟较大； 而对于常白模式的第二液晶面板 200来说， 在 1帧画面中由白向黑 显示， 则反应时间较快， 相反由黑向白显示则反应较慢。 在本实施例中， 液晶 显示模组的显示是这样实现的， 当由黑向白显示则由常黑模式的第一液晶面板 来提供， 而作为常白模式的第二液晶面板 200, 则不需要作出反应， 依然保持常 白状态； 当显示为由白向黑时， 则有常白模式的第二液晶面板 200来提供， 这 种方式充分利用了两个面板在常黑或常白状态显示变化的反应时间来补偿单一 面板在反应时间上的缺陷， 有效的提高显示装置的显示效果。
在本实施例中， 所述第一液晶面板 100采用 TN型液晶 110, 而所述第二液 晶面板 200则采用 VA型液晶 210, 当然， 第二液晶面板 200也可以采用 IPS型 液晶或 ECB型、 TN型液晶。
实施例二
如图 3所示， 本实施例是在实施例一的基础上进行的改进， 上述实施例一由 于采用了双层面板结构， 在显示影像时， 若从较大的视角来观看， 则有可能会 产生影像错位的问题。
为解决该问题， 本实施例提出通过在第一液晶面板 100与第二液晶面板之间 设置光学相位延迟片 270, 光学相位延迟片 270可以控制面板的光发散性，从而 解决影像错位的问题。 本实施例中， 所述光学相位延迟片 270包括 A膜（正性 双曲折单轴 A-plate ) 以及 C膜（负性双曲折单轴 C-plate )。 当然， 所述光学相 位延迟片 270也可以仅是 A膜， 或者仅是 C膜。 不过， 本发明使用光学相位延 迟片 270的目的是为了控制面板出光面的光发散性， 光学相位延迟片 270的配 合方式目的在于避免影像错位。
作为本实施例的进一步改进， 因为光学相位延迟片 270的设置， 将可能影响 到显示装置的可视角度， 为避免出现此现象， 本实施例中所述的第一液晶面板 100采用 TN型液晶， TN型液晶面板的光发散性小， 从而在双层结构下可以尽 可能的避免影像错位的产生。 而对于第二液晶面板 200来说， 本实施例采用的 是 ECB型液晶 （无序混合排列型液晶 ), ECB型液晶的面板具有三色峰值电压 分离较好、 工作电压低、 视角在整个平面内具有方位角对称性的特点， 可以很 好的增大显示装置的可视角度。 如图 4所示给出了 ECB型液晶在电场作用下的 偏转状态， 该种偏转状态有利于光的发散， 从而可以 4艮好的扩大显示器的视角。
作为本实施例的进一步改进， 在所述第二液晶面板 200的出光面上， 同时设 置了高 haze (雾化）的扩散片 205 , 以进一步扩大显示装置视角范围， 以补偿因 光学相位延迟片 270 的设置而导致视角范围缩小的问题。 而第二液晶面板 200 采用 ECB型液晶， 使其具有与 IPS结构面板类似的显示效果， 可以看到比较优 秀的显示画质。 在本实施例的显示模组结构下， 如图 5 所示， 其不仅具备较高 的视角范围， 同时也具有高对比度的显示效果。
实施例三
如图 6所示提供了另一种实施例， 与实施例一不同的是， 该实施例中也在第 一液晶面板 100与第二液晶面板 200之间增加了光学相位延迟片 270。这样可以 有效的消除影像错位的现象。
实施例四
依然以图 3所示， 与实施例一或二不同的是， 本实施例中， 第一液晶面板置 于背光源 300之上， 并设置为常白模式， 而第二液晶面板 200则设置为常黑模 式， 其中， 第一液晶面板 100 由白向黑显示的反应时间小于所述第二液晶面板 200由白向黑显示的反应时间，所述第一液晶面板 100由黑向白显示的反应时间 大于所述第二液晶面板 200由黑向白显示的反应时间。 第一液晶面板 100的入 光面设置有第一偏振片 101 ,其出光面设置有第二偏振片 102;第二液晶面板 200 的入光面设置有第三偏振片 203 , 其出光面设置有第四偏振片 204 , 第一液晶面 板 100和第二液晶面板 200的常黑、 常白模式可通过调整液晶的偏转方式以及 各个偏振片的设置方式来实现。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明， 不能 认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技 术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若干筒单推演或替换， 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种显示模组， 包括：
背光源， 用于提供光源；
第一液晶面板， 设置于背光源之上， 该第一液晶面板设置为常黑模式； 第二液晶面板， 设置与第一液晶面板之上， 该第二液晶面板设置为常白模 式；
所述第一液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间小于所述第二液晶面板由黑向 白显示的反应时间， 所述第一液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间大于所述第二 液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的显示模组， 其中， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN型液 晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 ECB型液晶。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的显示模组， 其中， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN型液 晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 VA型液晶。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的显示模组， 其中， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN型液 晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 IPS型液晶或 TN型液晶。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的显示模组， 其中， 在所述第一液晶面板与所述第二 液晶面板之间， 设置有光学相位延迟片。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的显示模组， 其中， 所述光学相位延迟片由 A膜与 C 膜组成； 或者所述光学向外延迟片仅包括有 A膜； 或者所述光学向外延迟片仅 包括有 C膜。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的显示模组， 其中， 在所述第二液晶面板的出光面， 设置有一扩散片。
8、 一种显示模组， 包括：
背光源， 用于提供光源；
第一液晶面板， 设置于背光源之上， 该第一液晶面板设置为常白模式； 第二液晶面板， 设置与第一液晶面板之上， 该第二液晶面板设置为常黑模 式；
所述第一液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间小于所述第二液晶面板由白向 黑显示的反应时间， 所述第一液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间大于所述第二 液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间。
9、 一种液晶显示装置， 包括：
背光源， 用于提供光源；
第一液晶面板， 设置于背光源之上， 该第一液晶面板设置为常黑模式； 第二液晶面板， 设置与第一液晶面板之上， 该第二液晶面板设置为常白模 式；
所述第一液晶面板由黑向白显示的反应时间小于所述第二液晶面板由黑向 白显示的反应时间， 所述第一液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间大于所述第二 液晶面板由白向黑显示的反应时间。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的液晶显示装置， 其中， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN 型液晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 ECB型液晶。
11、 如权利要求 9所述的液晶显示装置， 其中， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN 型液晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 VA型液晶。
12、 如权利要求 9所述的液晶显示装置， 其中， 所述第一液晶面板采用 TN 型液晶， 所述第二液晶面板采用 IPS型液晶或 TN型液晶。
13、 如权利要求 9所述的液晶显示装置， 其中， 在所述第一液晶面板与所 述第二液晶面板之间， 设置有光学相位延迟片。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的液晶显示装置， 其中， 所述光学相位延迟片由 A 膜与 C膜组成； 或者所述光学向外延迟片仅包括有 A膜； 或者所述光学向外延 迟片仅包括有 C膜。
15、 如权利要求 13所述的液晶显示装置， 其中， 在所述第二液晶面板的出 光面， 设置有一扩散片。
PCT/CN2014/070433 2013-12-31 2014-01-10 显示模组及液晶显示装置 Ceased WO2015100783A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/235,086 US9472142B2 (en) 2013-12-31 2014-01-10 Display assembly and LCD device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310751743.8A CN104391405A (zh) 2013-12-31 2013-12-31 显示模组及液晶显示装置
CN201310751743.8 2013-12-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015100783A1 true WO2015100783A1 (zh) 2015-07-09

Family

ID=52609327

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2014/070433 Ceased WO2015100783A1 (zh) 2013-12-31 2014-01-10 显示模组及液晶显示装置

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US9472142B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN104391405A (zh)
WO (1) WO2015100783A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018178795A1 (ja) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-04 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 表示装置、表示モジュール、及び電子機器
CN107918224A (zh) * 2017-12-28 2018-04-17 惠州市华星光电技术有限公司 显示面板及显示装置
CN108169967B (zh) * 2018-01-02 2021-12-07 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种显示面板、驱动电路及显示装置
TWI737420B (zh) * 2020-07-27 2021-08-21 友達光電股份有限公司 顯示裝置
CN111766737B (zh) * 2020-07-30 2023-11-03 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种显示模组及显示装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7218365B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2007-05-15 Giantplus Tehcnology Co., Ltd. Bi-display mode liquid crystal display
CN102213860A (zh) * 2005-06-30 2011-10-12 Nec液晶技术株式会社 透反射液晶显示装置
CN202443187U (zh) * 2012-02-27 2012-09-19 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种三维立体眼镜及其控制芯片
CN103135273A (zh) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-05 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 液晶显示装置
CN103309097A (zh) * 2013-06-17 2013-09-18 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 液晶盒以及具有该液晶盒的液晶显示器
CN203299486U (zh) * 2013-06-17 2013-11-20 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 液晶盒以及具有该液晶盒的液晶显示器

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5861929A (en) * 1990-12-31 1999-01-19 Kopin Corporation Active matrix color display with multiple cells and connection through substrate
JP2001134221A (ja) * 1999-09-13 2001-05-18 Asulab Sa ２つの重なり合った表示装置を含む表示アセンブリ
US20080084521A1 (en) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-10 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Field sequentially driven liquid crystal display device
JP5110360B2 (ja) * 2006-10-17 2012-12-26 Ｎｌｔテクノロジー株式会社 液晶表示装置及び、その電子機器、画像送出用調整装置、画像切替え装置、画像診断装置
KR20090010661A (ko) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-30 삼성전자주식회사 디스플레이장치 및 그 제어방법
JP2009031420A (ja) * 2007-07-25 2009-02-12 Nec Lcd Technologies Ltd 液晶表示装置及び電子表示装置
JP2009063878A (ja) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-26 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 液晶表示装置
JP5382498B2 (ja) * 2008-11-10 2014-01-08 Ｎｌｔテクノロジー株式会社 液晶表示装置、液晶表示制御装置、電子機器、および液晶表示装置の駆動方法
US20150086799A1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Light Polymers Holding Organic polymer compounds suitable for forming positive a-type retarders and methods of production thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7218365B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2007-05-15 Giantplus Tehcnology Co., Ltd. Bi-display mode liquid crystal display
CN102213860A (zh) * 2005-06-30 2011-10-12 Nec液晶技术株式会社 透反射液晶显示装置
CN103135273A (zh) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-05 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 液晶显示装置
CN202443187U (zh) * 2012-02-27 2012-09-19 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种三维立体眼镜及其控制芯片
CN103309097A (zh) * 2013-06-17 2013-09-18 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 液晶盒以及具有该液晶盒的液晶显示器
CN203299486U (zh) * 2013-06-17 2013-11-20 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 液晶盒以及具有该液晶盒的液晶显示器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9472142B2 (en) 2016-10-18
CN104391405A (zh) 2015-03-04
US20150310810A1 (en) 2015-10-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5532075B2 (ja) 液晶表示装置
CN105372883A (zh) 视角可切换的液晶显示装置
US9454047B2 (en) Liquid crystal display panel, method of driving the same and display device
US20160246138A1 (en) Liquid crystal display panel with switchable viewing angle and driving method thereof
JP2018180290A (ja) 表示装置
US20180046026A1 (en) Liquid crystal display and electronic device
WO2015100783A1 (zh) 显示模组及液晶显示装置
CN109239996A (zh) 一种显示装置及显示方法
WO2015180122A1 (zh) 背光模组以及液晶显示器
WO2015089930A1 (zh) 显示面板
CN107357047A (zh) 立体显示装置及其显示方法
WO2014015612A1 (zh) 一种透明显示器
WO2014153884A1 (zh) 液晶显示面板及液晶显示器
WO2015176334A1 (zh) 背光模组、显示装置及其驱动方法
KR20110066729A (ko) 광학보상필름을 포함하는 블루상 모드 액정표시장치
WO2013174106A1 (zh) 显示装置及其控制方法
WO2019103012A1 (ja) 表示装置
JP2015191053A (ja) 液晶表示装置
US10969634B2 (en) Liquid crystal display panel, liquid crystal display device and method of controlling gray scale of liquid crystal display device
CN105652564B (zh) 显示系统及显示方法
US10852598B2 (en) Optical device, display device, and electronic apparatus
TWI308307B (en) Image display system
WO2014190730A1 (zh) 半透半反式液晶面板、显示装置、阵列基板、彩膜基板及制作方法
CN112415803A (zh) 一种液晶显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置
US9759957B2 (en) Transflective liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 14235086

Country of ref document: US

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14876100

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14876100

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1