WO2015096288A1 - 一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置及其安装方法 - Google Patents

一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置及其安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015096288A1
WO2015096288A1 PCT/CN2014/073991 CN2014073991W WO2015096288A1 WO 2015096288 A1 WO2015096288 A1 WO 2015096288A1 CN 2014073991 W CN2014073991 W CN 2014073991W WO 2015096288 A1 WO2015096288 A1 WO 2015096288A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
column
connecting shaft
spindle
hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/073991
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨新科
朱建静
郑杭
丁锋军
薛新颖
黄旅文
陈云云
孙四春
王敏杰
Original Assignee
杭州帷盛科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州帷盛科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州帷盛科技有限公司
Priority to JP2016528018A priority Critical patent/JP6067945B2/ja
Priority to US15/106,687 priority patent/US20170005613A1/en
Publication of WO2015096288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015096288A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/60—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/65—Fixation means, e.g. fasteners, specially adapted for supporting solar heat collector modules for coupling adjacent supporting elements, e.g. for connecting profiles together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
    • H02S30/10—Frame structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
    • F24S2030/136—Transmissions for moving several solar collectors by common transmission elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/15—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/10—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules extending in directions away from a supporting surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic tracker, and more particularly to a method of installing a solar photovoltaic component tracker and a tracker. Background technique
  • the installation methods for solar photovoltaic modules mainly include two types of automatic tracking methods. Compared with the fixed method, the automatic tracking method can increase the power generation by about 20%, which has broad market prospects.
  • some of the photovoltaic component tracking devices currently studied generally have defects such as complicated structure, long on-site installation period, and high requirements for the quality of the installation personnel.
  • a solar photovoltaic panel support frame is connected to another solar photovoltaic panel, and a plurality of solar photovoltaic panel support frames are connected by a support mechanism at a lower portion thereof, and a support mechanism is provided on one side of the support mechanism, which can follow the sun on a Sunday
  • the change of the solar luminescent photovoltaic panel on the tracking mechanism can always maintain the optimal illumination angle of the sun and improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation board.
  • the solar energy component equipment is large, and it is very inconvenient to lift the components for installation. Disclosure of invention
  • the invention provides a tracking device and a mounting method thereof for a solar photovoltaic module which are convenient to install, simple in structure, can reduce the difficulty and requirements for on-site installation, shorten the installation period and cost, and solve the problem of the photovoltaic component tracker existing in the prior art. There are many components, long installation period, high difficulty in on-site installation, and technical problems requiring on-site installation.
  • a solar photovoltaic component tracking device comprising a column, a spindle is arranged between two adjacent columns, a photovoltaic module is arranged on the spindle, and two adjacent spindles are arranged
  • the connecting shaft is fixed on the column by the connecting shaft, the upper end surface of the column is a column mounting surface, a through hole is opened in the upper part of the column, and a connecting shaft is installed in the through hole through the bearing structure, and the connecting shaft cross section Less than the cross section of the main shaft, the connecting shaft is connected to the main shaft through the shaft connection structure.
  • the entire tracking system consists of multiple PV modules, column combinations, and spindle combinations.
  • the column is usually driven through the pile driver, and then the bearing and the connecting shaft are mounted on the column.
  • the column has a certain height. After installing the column, the bearing and the connecting shaft are installed. Laborious, installation takes time.
  • the invention has a through hole in the column, and the connecting shaft is installed through the bearing structure in the through hole, and the pre-installation is performed first, and then the whole column assembly is integrally driven through the pile driver, because the through hole is opened in the upper part of the column.
  • the hole is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the column, and does not change the force surface when the column is installed, saving time and effort during installation.
  • the cross section of the main shaft is relatively large, so that the PV module can be fixedly mounted.
  • the cross section of the main shaft is similar to the width of the column.
  • the cross section of the connecting shaft is smaller than the main shaft, which is convenient for installing the connecting shaft into the through hole on the column.
  • the bearing structure comprises a bearing seat fixed on the column, a bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, a positioning structure is arranged between the bearing seat and the bearing, and a fixing member is arranged between the bearing structure and the connecting shaft.
  • the bearing housing is welded to the column, requiring no additional mounting components and a simple structure. Through the fixture The relative position of the connecting shaft to the bearing structure is fixed. After the main shaft is inserted into the bearing structure, the main shaft can be freely rotated within the bearing, and then the main shaft and the bearing structure are relatively fixed in the axial direction by the fixing member.
  • the pre-installed column assembly is transported to the site as a whole, and hammered into the ground through a dedicated piling device, that is, the on-site installation work of the column assembly is completed.
  • the pre-installation greatly increases the installation speed of the site, saves installation time and improves work efficiency.
  • the bearing is a split bearing
  • the bearing comprises two bearing bodies of the same structure, the end of the bearing body is provided with a convex edge, and the two bearing bodies are respectively inserted into the bearing seat by the two ends of the bearing seat,
  • the bearing body is semi-circular
  • the bearing seat is cylindrical
  • the convex edge of the bearing body abuts on the outer edge of the bearing seat
  • the length of the bearing body is not greater than the length of the bearing seat.
  • the bearing body has a convex edge, and the bearing body is inserted into the bearing seat from both ends, and the convex edges of the two bearing bodies abut on the outer ring of the bearing seat to form a complete bearing, and the bearing body and the bearing seat are substantially equal in length, and cooperate Good orientation, able to form a complete support for the main shaft. Then, the bearing body and the bearing seat are fixed to each other by the positioning structure to form a bearing structure, and the split bearing is convenient to install and convenient to adjust and replace.
  • the positioning structure comprises two positioning slots respectively formed on two end faces of the bearing housing, the positioning slots are located at two ends of the same diameter, and the positioning protrusions of the bearing body are provided with positioning protrusions, positioning The protrusion is located in the middle of the curved convex edge, and the fixing member is a hoop.
  • the bearing body has the same shape and can be freely installed from either end.
  • the two bearing bodies are buckled to form a cylinder with the same shape as the bearing housing.
  • One bearing body is inserted from the left end of the bearing housing, and the upper semicircular bearing housing is used.
  • the edge is positioned with the convex edge of the bearing body, and the other bearing body is inserted by the right end of the bearing, and the outer edge of the bearing housing of the lower semicircle is positioned with the convex edge of the bearing body, and the convex edge and the outer edge are in the axial direction of the bearing body and the bearing housing.
  • Positioning At the same time, the bearing seat and the bearing body are positioned in the circumferential direction by the cooperation of the positioning protrusions on the convex edges and the positioning grooves on the bearing housing.
  • Two positioning slots are provided on the bearing housing for easy bearing
  • For the installation of the main body it is also possible to install the upper semicircle on the left side, and the lower semicircle can also be installed to improve the convenience and efficiency of the installation.
  • the hoop structure is simple, the installation is convenient, and the fixing firmness is good.
  • the cross section of the column has an "H" shape
  • the column comprises a column edge plate and a column wing plate on both sides of the column edge plate, and a through hole is formed in the column edge plate, and the bearing seat is inserted in the through hole, the bearing
  • the outer edge of the seat is welded on the pillar edge plate, and a reinforcing rib plate is arranged under the bearing seat, and the reinforcing rib plate is two pieces.
  • the reinforcing rib plate is located on the front and back sides of the pillar edge plate, and the two ends of the reinforcing rib plate are Welding on the column wing plate and the inner circular surface of the rib is welded to the outer circular surface of the bearing housing.
  • the bearing seat is welded on the pillar edge plate in the middle of the column.
  • two reinforcing ribs are added under the bearing seat, which is equivalent to thickening the thickness of the lower semicircle of the bearing seat welded to the pillar edge plate. , making the support surface thicker and improving the support strength.
  • the cross section of the connecting shaft is a racetrack shape
  • the main shaft is a square shaft
  • the width of the main shaft is larger than the width of the connecting shaft
  • a spindle joint is provided at an end of the main shaft
  • the main shaft connecting head includes a positioning structure and
  • the fixing structure is provided with a fixing structure corresponding to the spindle coupling head on the connecting shaft.
  • the processing of the connecting shaft shape of the racetrack is to grind two mutually parallel planes on a circular basis. Two mutually parallel planes are convenient for fixing with the main shaft.
  • the two circular arc surfaces are conveniently rotated in the bearing, and are circular.
  • the connecting shaft is conveniently installed in the column, the cross section is small, and the connecting shaft has a smaller cross section than the column.
  • the spindle can be installed on the column first, and then the pre-installed column structure is installed on site.
  • the structure of the spindle is unchanged.
  • the spindle and the connecting shaft are connected by the spindle connector at the end of the spindle.
  • the spindle and the connecting shaft are positioned by the positioning structure of the spindle connector, and then the spindle is connected to the connecting shaft by a fixed structure.
  • the spindle connector comprises a spindle cover, the spindle cover is welded to the end of the spindle, and the fixing structure comprises two fixing plates parallel to each other, the two fixing plates are welded on the spindle cover, and between the two fixing plates
  • the distance is not less than the diameter of the connecting shaft;
  • the positioning structure is a curved baffle, the arc of the baffle is the same as the arc of the connecting shaft, and the baffle is located between two parallel fixed plates constituting the fixed structure, the baffle
  • the two ends are respectively welded to the fixing plates at both ends, and the fixing plate and the baffle are respectively provided with fixing holes, and the fixing holes are waist-shaped holes, and two mutually parallel sides of the connecting shaft and two upper and lower curved faces are connected A through hole corresponding to the fixing hole is provided in the upper opening.
  • the fixing holes are located above and on the side of the main shaft and the connecting shaft, and are fixed from two directions.
  • the firmness is good, the torque that can be withstood during the rotation is large, and the reliability of the rotation of the shaft is ensured.
  • the fixing hole is formed into a waist-shaped hole, which facilitates the adjustment of the fixed position and improves the convenience of installation.
  • the shape of the curved baffle matches the curvature of the connecting shaft. Since the volume of the main shaft is relatively large relative to the rotating shaft, in order to facilitate the positioning of the two, when the main shaft is mounted, the main shaft is lifted from top to bottom, and the baffle is lapped on the rotating shaft. , position the two, and then use the fixed structure to connect the two.
  • the photovoltaic module is installed in a frame of a photovoltaic module, the frame of the photovoltaic module is fixed on the beam by a pressing block, the beam is fixed on the main shaft, an open groove is arranged above the beam, and a pad is installed above the beam, in the pad A grounding pad is mounted on the plate, and a fastening device is arranged under the pad, and the pressing block fixes the photovoltaic module frame to the grounding pad through the fastening device.
  • the grounding gasket After the grounding gasket is installed on the backing plate and the frame of the photovoltaic module is pressed against the grounding gasket by the pressing block, the grounding gasket penetrates the film on the frame of the photovoltaic component to realize the grounding of the photovoltaic component frame without externally connecting the grounding member.
  • the clamp is bolted to the fastening device below the backing plate, and the clamp presses the photovoltaic module frame against the grounding spacer to secure the grounding spacer.
  • a through hole is formed in a center of the pad, and a pressing member is disposed in the through hole, wherein the pressing member comprises a pressing plate and a hook located under the pressing plate, and an area of the pressing plate is larger than an area of the through hole.
  • the pressing plate is pressed on the grounding pad, and the hook has two hooks, and the two hooks are parallel to each other.
  • the hook body of the hook forms a card slot inward, and a fastening device is arranged in the card slot, and the fastening device is a long strip.
  • the nut, the center of the elongated nut is provided with a threaded hole, and the distance between the elongated nut and the lower surface of the pad is the same as the thickness of the groove edge of the open groove.
  • the pressing member presses the grounding pad on the pad plate by the pressing plate, and the center of the grounding pad also has a through hole, and the pressing plate is pressed and connected
  • the ground gasket, the hook passes through the through hole, and the two hook bodies are bent inward to form an elastic card slot, and the long nut can be fixed in the card slot for connecting with the bolt on the pressure block. , thereby fixing the compact.
  • the elongated nut can also function to fix the pressing member on the backing plate.
  • the length of the long nut is the same as the length of the pad.
  • the long nut is inserted into the opening slot from the narrow side. When the pad moves into position, it is rotated by 90°.
  • the length of the long nut and the beam are The width of the inner side of the cross section is exactly equal, so that the long nut is caught in the beam and the pad is fixed on the beam.
  • the column combination First install the connecting shaft through the bearing and the bearing seat into the through hole on the column.
  • the upper end of the column can still be used as the stress surface of the piling equipment, and then the piling equipment will be used with the bearing structure and
  • the columns connecting the shafts are driven into the ground, and then the spindles are connected together by the connecting shafts;
  • the spindle assembly is installed: Then the beam is mounted on the connecting shaft, the photovoltaic module is installed into the frame of the photovoltaic module, and the frame of the photovoltaic module is passed The pressure plate is fixed on the beam, and the grounding pad on the beam breaks the film outside the frame of the photovoltaic module to achieve grounding; after the photovoltaic module is mounted on the beam, it is pressed by the pressure block and screwed;
  • the spindle assembly is assembled with the completed column by lifting equipment.
  • the structure of the column combination and the spindle combination are as described in the above tracking device.
  • the connecting shaft is pre-mounted to the column through the bearing structure, and the frame of the photovoltaic module is pre-mounted on the beam, and then the column is hit by the pile driver.
  • the main shaft On the ground, the main shaft is mounted on the column.
  • the lifting equipment only needs to hoist the spindle combination, and the spindle assembly with the PV module frame is mounted on the main shaft.
  • a solar photovoltaic module tracking system and a mounting method thereof of the present invention have the following advantages: After opening the hole in the column, the bearing and the connecting shaft are mounted on the column to maintain the original mounting surface of the column, so that the pile driver can be used as a whole to reduce the working difficulty; the spindle, the beam, the component and other components are pre-installed on site. This is done so that these parts, which are difficult to carry and difficult to install, can be quickly installed on the workbench in a streamlined manner, reducing on-site installation time and installation difficulty.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar photovoltaic component tracking device.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the column assembly installation in Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the main shaft of Figure 1.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the spindle assembly of Figure 1.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of the removal of photovoltaic modules and compacts in Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the backing plate of Figure 7.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the other direction of the backing plate of Figure 7.
  • Figure 10 is a tracking system composed of a solar photovoltaic component tracking device. Best way to implement the invention
  • a solar photovoltaic component tracking device includes a column combination and a spindle assembly.
  • the column assembly includes a column 3 having a cross-section "H" shape, a bearing structure, a connecting shaft 2, and the like;
  • the spindle assembly includes a main shaft 1, a beam 20, a photovoltaic module 4, and the like.
  • the main shaft 1 Between the two columns 3 is the main shaft 1, the main The photovoltaic module 4 is fixed to the shaft 1, and two adjacent main shafts 1 are connected by a connecting shaft 2, and the connecting shaft 2 is fixed to the column 3.
  • the column 3 includes a column edge plate 10 and a column wing 11 parallel to each other on both sides of the column edge plate 10.
  • the center of the upper end of the column edge plate 10 is provided with a circular through hole, and a cylindrical hole is welded in the through hole.
  • the bearing housing 7, the outer edge of the bearing housing 7 is welded to the pillar edge plate 10, and there are two reinforcing ribs 31 below the bearing housing 7, the reinforcing rib 31 is rectangular, and the center of the reinforcing rib 31 has a circular arc surface.
  • the arc surface is semicircular, the radius of the arc surface is the same as that of the bearing seat, and the arc surface is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the bearing housing 7, and the length of the reinforcing rib 31 is the same as that of the pillar edge panel 10, and the reinforcing rib is Both ends of 31 are welded to the column wing 11 .
  • the two reinforcing ribs 31 are respectively located on the front and back surfaces of the pillar edge panel 10, which increases the thickness of the support surface of the lower semicircle of the bearing housing 7, and improves the supporting strength.
  • the two ends of the bearing block 7 are provided with positioning slots 12, and the two positioning slots 12 at the same end are located on the same diameter, and the positioning slots 12 on the upper sides of the two ends are located on the same busbar.
  • a bearing is inserted into the bearing housing 7, and the bearing is composed of two bearing bodies of the same shape.
  • the bearing body 8 has a semicircular shape, and the outer circumferential surface has the same radius as the bearing housing, and the inner circumferential surface has a radius and a plug.
  • the radius of the main shaft in the bearing is the same.
  • the bearing body 8 is a plastic bearing, and a semicircular annular bead 5 is integrally formed at one end of the bearing body 8, and a positioning protrusion 6 that cooperates with the positioning groove is formed in the middle of the semicircular flange 5.
  • the two bearing bodies 8 are fastened to form a complete cylindrical bearing.
  • the two bearing bodies 8 are inserted into the bearing housing 7 from both ends of the bearing housing 7, and one of the bearing bodies 8 is inserted into the bearing housing 7 from the left end, and the bearing body 8 is The convex edge abuts on the upper semicircle of the bearing housing 7, the positioning protrusion 6 on the bearing body 8 cooperates with the positioning groove 12 of the upper semicircle on the left side of the bearing housing, and the other bearing body 8 is inserted into the bearing housing from the right end, the bearing body The convex edge abuts on the lower semicircle of the bearing housing, and the positioning protrusion of the bearing body cooperates with the positioning groove 12 of the lower semicircle of the right side of the bearing housing. Thereby positioning the bearing housing and the bearing.
  • the connecting shaft 2 is inserted into the bearing, and the connecting shaft 2 is used to connect the two adjacent main shafts 1.
  • the connecting shaft 2 has a slot 13 on the connecting shaft 2, and after the connecting shaft 2 is inserted into the bearing, the hoop 9 is installed in the card slot, and the hoop 9 is fixed by the hoop 9 Locked.
  • the cross section of the connecting shaft 2 is a racetrack shape
  • the main shaft 1 is a square shaft or a square hollow steel tube
  • the width of the main shaft 1 is larger than the width of the connecting shaft
  • a spindle joint is provided at the end of the main shaft, as shown in Fig. 4, the main shaft
  • the connector includes a positioning structure and a fixing structure, and a fixing structure corresponding to the spindle connector is provided on the connecting shaft.
  • the spindle connector comprises a spindle cover 17, which is welded to the end of the spindle 1.
  • the fixing structure comprises two fixing plates 16 parallel to each other, and the two fixing plates 16 are welded to the spindle cover 17, two fixing plates 16 and the spindle cover 17 form a "U" shaped cavity, the distance between the two fixing plates 16 is not less than the diameter of the connecting shaft 2, so that the connecting shaft 2 can be accommodated therein;
  • the positioning structure is a curved baffle 18, block
  • the arc of the plate 18 is the same as the arc of the connecting shaft.
  • the baffle 18 is located between the two parallel fixing plates 16 constituting the fixed structure.
  • the two ends of the baffle 18 are respectively welded to the fixing plates 16 at both ends, and the connecting shafts 2 are parallel to each other.
  • the two faces are joined to the fixed plate 16, and the curved surface of the connecting shaft is in contact with the baffle 18.
  • a fixing hole 15 is defined in the fixing plate 16 and the baffle plate 18.
  • the fixing hole 15 is a waist hole, and the fixing hole 15 on the fixing plate 16 is located at the open end of the "U" shaped cavity, and the fixing hole on the baffle is located at "
  • the central portion of the U-shaped cavity is provided with a through hole 14 corresponding to the fixing hole on two mutually parallel sides of the connecting shaft and two upper and lower curved faces of the connecting shaft.
  • the photovoltaic module is mounted in the frame of the photovoltaic module, and the frame of the photovoltaic module is fixed on the beam by the pressing block 19.
  • the pressing block 19 located in the middle of the photovoltaic module device has a "several" shape and can be pressed at the same time.
  • the photovoltaic frame on both sides, the pressure block 19 on the side of the photovoltaic module device is stepped.
  • the beam 20 is fixed to the main shaft 1 by a spindle hoop 32.
  • An open groove is provided above the beam 20.
  • a backing plate 21 is mounted above the beam, and a grounding pad 22 is mounted on the backing plate 21 to be fixed under the backing plate 21.
  • the beam 20 is a U-shaped steel, and two mutually parallel sides of the beam 20 are wound inward to form a With the groove edge, the elongated nut 26 extends into the open groove and then rotates by 90°, and the edge of the elongated nut 26 is caught on the groove edge to fix the backing plate 21 to the beam 20.
  • a through hole is defined in the center of the backing plate 21, and a threaded hole 27 corresponding to the central through hole of the backing plate is formed on the elongated nut 26, and the bolt sequentially passes through the pressing plate 19 and the grounding pad 22, The backing plate 21 is then secured within the threaded bore of the elongated nut 26.
  • a through hole is formed in the center of the backing plate 21, and a pressing member is disposed in the through hole.
  • the pressing member includes a pressing plate 24 and a hook 25 located under the pressing plate 24.
  • the pressing plate 24 and the hook 25 are integrally formed of plastic.
  • the area of the pressure plate 24 is larger than the area of the through hole.
  • the pressure plate 24 is pressed against the grounding spacer 22.
  • the hook 25 has two hooks 25, and the two hooks 25 are parallel to each other.
  • the hook body of the hook 25 forms a card slot inwardly.
  • An elongated nut 26 is fixed in the groove, and the distance between the elongated nut 26 and the lower surface of the pad is the same as the thickness of the groove edge of the open groove.
  • the grounding shim has two rows of parallel shovel 23.
  • the film on the PV module frame is broken to achieve grounding.
  • the transmission combination includes a swing arm 30 connected between two adjacent connecting shafts, and the swing arm 30 passes through the pendulum
  • the rod 33 is fixed on the linkage rod 29, and the end of the linkage rod 29 is connected to the push rod 28.
  • the push rod 28 pushes the linkage rod 29 to move, thereby driving the connecting shafts to rotate, and the rotation of the connecting shaft drives the main shaft to rotate and track the sun direction.
  • the photovoltaic module is installed in the frame of the photovoltaic module, and the frame of the photovoltaic component is fixed on the beam through the pressure plate, and the grounding pad on the beam breaks the film outside the frame of the photovoltaic component to achieve grounding; after the photovoltaic component is mounted on the beam, the pressure is applied The block is pressed and bolted;
  • the spindle assembly is assembled by the lifting device in combination with the completed column, and the spindle and the connecting shaft are connected by a fixed structure and a positioning structure on the spindle connector.
  • a through hole corresponding to the fixing hole is opened, and when fixed, the "ten" word is staggered and fixed by the bolt from both the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请涉及一种光伏跟踪器，尤其涉及一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置及其安装方法。包括立柱，相邻两个立柱之间设有主轴，主轴上设有光伏组件，相邻的两个主轴通过连接轴连接，连接轴固定在立柱上，立柱的上端面为立柱安装面，在立柱的上部开设有通孔，在通孔内通过轴承结构安装有连接轴。在立柱上开设通孔，在通孔内通过轴承结构安装连接轴，先进行预安装后，然后再将整个立柱组合整体通过打桩机打入。本申请提供了一种安装方便，结构简单，可以降低现场安装难度和要求，缩短安装周期和成本的太阳能光伏组件的跟踪装置及其安装方法；解决了现有技术中存在的光伏组件跟踪器的构件多，安装周期长，现场安装难度高，现场安装要求多的技术问题。

Description

一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置及其安装方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光伏跟踪器，尤其涉及一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪器和跟踪器 的安装方法。 背景技术
开发新能源和可再生清洁能源是全世界面临的共同课题。 在新能源中， 光 伏发电倍受瞩目。 但由于过高的成本， 目前还未能充分进入市场。 光伏发电市 场前景广阔， 但太阳能利用效率低下， 面临着建设成本高， 投资回报率低的问 题。目前用于太阳能光伏组件的安装方式主要包括固定方式自动跟踪方式两种。 使用自动跟踪方式相比固定方式可提高发电量 20%左右，具有广阔的市场前景， 然而目前研究的一些光伏组件跟踪装置普遍存在结构复杂、 现场安装周期长、 对安装人员素质要求高等缺陷， 严重制约光伏跟踪装置的推广， 有进一歩改进 简化的必要。 在现在的公开文件中有， 中国专利： "太阳能跟踪结构 ( CN202854613U)，，，包括多块太阳能光伏电池板和多个太阳能光伏电池板支撑 架， 每块太阳能光伏电池板的两端和中部通过一个太阳能光伏电池板支撑架与 另一个太阳能光伏电池板连接， 多个太阳能光伏电池板支撑架下部之间通过支 撑机构连接， 支撑机构的一侧设有有跟踪机构， 能够随着太阳在周天的变化而 变化， 跟踪机构上的太阳能发光光伏板能够始终保持太阳最佳的照射角度， 提 高光伏发电板的发电效率。 但是太阳能组件设备都较大， 将各构件吊起进行安 装， 十分不便。 发明的公开
本发明提供了一种安装方便， 结构简单， 可以降低现场安装难度和要求， 缩 短安装周期和成本的太阳能光伏组件的跟踪装置及其安装方法； 解决了现有技 术中存在的光伏组件跟踪器的构件多， 安装周期长， 现场安装难度高， 现场安 装要求多的技术问题。
本发明的上述技术问题是通过下述技术方案解决的： 一种太阳能光伏组件 跟踪装置， 包括立柱， 相邻两个立柱之间设有主轴， 主轴上设有光伏组件， 相 邻的两个主轴通过连接轴连接， 连接轴固定在立柱上， 所述的立柱的上端面为 立柱安装面，在立柱的上部开设有通孔，在通孔内通过轴承结构安装有连接轴， 连接轴的横截面小于主轴的横截面， 连接轴与主轴通过轴连接结构相连。 整个 跟踪系统是由多个光伏组件， 立柱组合， 主轴组合等结构构成。 在安装时， 一 般都是先将立柱通过打桩机打入， 然后在立柱上再安装轴承和连接轴等结构， 立柱是具备一定高度的， 先安装立柱后， 再安装轴承和连接轴等， 吊装费力， 安装费时。 本发明在立柱上开设通孔， 在通孔内通过轴承结构安装连接轴， 先 进行预安装后， 然后再将整个立柱组合整体通过打桩机打入， 因为是在立柱的 上部开设通孔， 通孔与立柱的长度方向垂直， 不改变立柱进行安装时受力面， 安装时省时省力。 主轴的横截面是比较大的， 从而方便固定安装光伏构件， 主 轴的横截面与立柱的宽度近似， 连接轴的横截面小于主轴， 方便将连接轴安装 到立柱上的通孔内。
作为优选， 所述的轴承结构包括固定在立柱上的轴承座， 在轴承座内设有 轴承， 在轴承座和轴承之间设有定位结构， 在轴承结构与连接轴之间设有固定 件。 轴承座焊接在立柱上， 不需要额外的安装构件， 结构简单。 通过固定件将 连接轴与轴承结构的相对位置固定。 主轴穿接在轴承结构内后， 主轴是可以在 轴承内自由转动的，然后通过固定件将主轴与轴承结构的轴向方向上相对固定。 然后将预安装完成的立柱组合整体运至现场， 通过专用的打桩设备锤入地下， 即完成立柱组合体的现场安装工作。 预安装使得现场安装速度大幅度提高， 节 省了安装时间， 提高了工作效率。
作为优选，所述的轴承为分体式轴承，轴承包括两个结构相同的轴承本体， 轴承本体的端部设有凸沿， 两个轴承本体由轴承座的两端分别插入轴承座内， 所述的轴承本体为半圆形， 所述的轴承座为圆柱形， 轴承本体的凸沿抵接在轴 承座的外缘， 轴承本体的长度不大于轴承座的长度。 轴承本体上有凸沿， 让轴 承本体从两端插入轴承座内， 两个轴承本体的凸沿抵接在轴承座的外圈上形成 一个完整的轴承， 轴承本体与轴承座长度大致相当， 配合导向性好， 能对主轴 形成完整的支撑。 然后利用定位结构将轴承本体与轴承座相互固定形成一个轴 承结构， 分体式轴承， 安装方便， 方便调整和更换。
作为优选， 所述的定位结构包括在轴承座的两个端面上各开设有两个定位 槽， 定位槽位于同一直径的两端， 所述的轴承本体的凸沿上设置有定位凸起， 定位凸起位于弧形凸沿的中部， 所述的固定件为抱箍。 轴承本体形状相同， 可 以随意选择从两端任意一端进行安装， 两个轴承本体扣合后形成一个圆柱体与 轴承座的形状相同， 一个轴承本体由轴承座左端插入， 利用上半圆的轴承座外 缘与轴承本体的凸沿定位， 另外一个轴承本体由轴承右端插入， 利用下半圆的 轴承座外缘与轴承本体的凸沿定位， 凸沿与外缘是对轴承本体与轴承座轴向方 向上的定位。 同时利用在凸沿上的定位凸起与轴承座上的定位槽的配合， 将轴 承座与轴承本体在圆周方向上定位。 轴承座上设置 2个定位槽， 可以方便轴承 本体的安装， 左侧安装上半圆也可以， 安装下半圆也可以， 提高安装的便利性 和效率。 抱箍结构简单， 安装方便， 固定牢固度好。
作为优选， 所述立柱的横截面呈 "H "形， 立柱包括立柱缘板和立柱缘板 两侧的立柱翼板， 立柱缘板上开设有通孔， 轴承座插接在通孔内， 轴承座的外 缘焊接在立柱缘板上， 在轴承座的下方设有加强筋板， 加强筋板为两块， 加强 筋板位于立柱缘板的正反两个面上， 加强筋板的两端焊接在立柱翼板上且筋板 的内圆面与轴承座的外圆面焊接。 轴承座焊接在立柱中间的立柱缘板上， 为了 增强焊接后的稳定性， 在轴承座的下方增加两片加强筋板， 也就相当于增厚了 轴承座下半圆焊接在立柱缘板的厚度， 使得支撑面变厚， 提高支撑强度。
作为优选， 所述的连接轴的横截面为跑道形状， 所述的主轴为方轴， 主轴 的宽度大于连接轴的宽度， 在主轴的端部设有主轴连接头， 主轴连接头包括定 位结构和固定结构， 在连接轴上设有与主轴连接头对应的固定结构。 跑道形状 的连接轴的加工是在圆形的基础上磨出两个相互平行的平面， 两个相互平行的 平面方便与主轴进行固定， 两个圆弧面在轴承内方便旋转， 而且圆形的连接轴 方便安装在立柱内， 横截面小， 连接轴的横截面小于立柱， 可以将主轴先安装 在立柱上， 然后将预安装好的立柱结构进行现场安装。 主轴的结构不变， 主轴 与连接轴通过主轴端部的主轴连接头连接， 通过主轴连接头的定位结构将主轴 与连接轴定位， 然后通过固定结构将主轴与连接轴连接。
作为优选， 主轴连接头包括主轴封盖， 主轴封盖焊接在主轴的端部， 固定 结构包括相互平行的两块固定板， 两块固定板焊接在主轴封盖上， 两块固定板 之间的距离不小于连接轴的直径； 所述的定位结构为一弧形挡板， 挡板的弧度 与连接轴的弧度相同， 挡板位于构成固定结构的两块平行的固定板之间， 挡板 的两端分别焊接在两端的固定板上， 在固定板和挡板上均开设有固定孔， 固定 孔为腰形孔， 在连接轴的两个相互平行的侧面和上下两个弧形的面上开设有与 固定孔对应的通孔。 固定孔分别位于主轴和连接轴的上方和侧面， 从两个方向 固定， 牢固度好， 在旋转过程中能承受的扭矩大， 保证转轴旋转的可靠性。 而 且将固定孔制作成腰形孔， 方便固定位置的调节， 提高安装的便利性。 弧形挡 板的形状与连接轴的弧度配合， 由于主轴的体积相对转轴比较大， 为了方便两 者的定位， 安装主轴时是将主轴吊起从上向下放置， 挡板搭接在转轴上， 将两 者位置确定， 然后再利用固定结构将两者固定连接。
作为优选， 所述的光伏组件安装在光伏组件框架内， 光伏组件框架通过压 块固定在横梁上， 横梁固定在主轴上， 在横梁上方设有开口槽， 在横梁上方安 装有垫板， 在垫板上安装有接地垫片， 在垫板的下方设有紧固装置， 压块通过 紧固装置将光伏组件框架固定在接地垫片上。 在垫板上安装接地垫片， 通过压 块将光伏组件的框架压在接地垫片上后，接地垫片剌穿光伏组件框架上的薄膜， 实现光伏组件框架的接地， 不用另外外接接地构件。 压块通过螺栓固定在垫板 下方的紧固装置上， 压块将光伏组件框架压紧在接地垫片上， 从而将接地垫片 固定。
作为优选， 在所述的垫板中心开设有通孔， 在通孔内设有压紧件， 所述的 压紧件包括压板和位于压板下方的卡钩， 压板的面积大于通孔的面积， 压板压 在接地垫片上， 卡钩有两个， 两个卡钩相互平行， 卡钩的钩体向内形成一个卡 槽， 在卡槽内设有紧固装置， 紧固装置为一长条形螺母， 长条形螺母的中心设 有螺纹孔， 长条形螺母与垫板下表面之间的距离与开口槽的槽沿的厚度相同。 压紧件由压板将接地垫片压在垫板上， 接地垫片的中心也有通孔， 压板压住接 地垫片， 卡钩穿过通孔， 两个卡钩体向内弯折， 形成一个弹性的卡槽， 在卡槽 内可以固定长条形螺母， 用于与压块上穿接的螺栓连接， 从而将压块固定。 同 时长条形螺母还可以起到将压紧件固定在垫板上的作用。 长条形螺母的长度方 向与垫板的长度方向一致， 长条形螺母先由窄的一面插入开口槽内， 当垫板运 动到位以后， 然后旋转 90° ， 长条形螺母的长度与横梁的 横截面内边宽度正 好相等， 从而将长条形螺母卡在横梁内， 将垫板固定在横梁上。
一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置的安装方法，
第一歩， 安装立柱组合： 先将连接轴通过轴承和轴承座安装到立柱上的通 孔内， 立柱的上端面依然可以作为打桩设备的受力面， 然后利用打桩设备将带 有轴承结构和连接轴的立柱打入地下， 然后将主轴通过连接轴连接在一起； 第二歩， 安装主轴组合： 然后将横梁安装在连接轴上， 将光伏组件安装到 光伏组件框架内， 将光伏组件框架通过压板固定在横梁上， 横梁上的接地垫片 剌破光伏组件框架外的薄膜， 实现接地； 将光伏组件安装到横梁上后， 用压块 压住并用螺栓拧紧；
第三歩， 通过起吊设备将主轴组合与已施工完成的立柱组合安装。
立柱组合、主轴组合的结构都如上面的跟踪装置所述的结构，先将连接轴 通过轴承结构预安装到立柱上， 同时将光伏组件的框架预安装到横梁上， 然后 将立柱通过打桩机打入地面， 再将主轴安装到立柱上， 吊装设备只需要吊装主 轴组合， 将有光伏组件框架的主轴组合安装到主轴上。使这些数量多、搬运难、 安装难度高的零部件可以在工作台上以流水线的方式快速安装完成， 降低现场 安装时间和安装难度。
因此， 本发明的一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪系统及其安装方法具备下述优点： 在立柱上开孔后将轴承及连接轴安装在立柱上， 维持立柱原有的安装面， 使得 可以整体利用打桩机打入， 降低工作难度； 将主轴、 横梁、 组件等零部件在现 场预安装完成， 使这些数量多、 搬运难、 安装难度高的零部件可以在工作台上 以流水线的方式快速安装完成， 降低现场安装时间和安装难度。
附图说明
图 1是一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置示意图。
图 2是图 1内的 A处放大图。
图 3是图 1内的立柱组合安装爆炸图。
图 4是图 1内的主轴的示意图。
图 5是图 1内的主轴组合的示意图。
图 6是图 5内的 B处放大图。
图 7是图 6内去掉光伏组件和压块的示意图。
图 8是图 7内垫板的示意图。
图 9是图 7内垫板的另一方向示意图。
图 10是太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置组成的跟踪系统。 实现本发明的最佳方法
下面通过实施例，并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一歩具体的说明。 实施例 1 :
如图 1和 2所示， 一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 包括立柱组合和主轴组 合。 其中立柱组合包括横截面为 "H"形的立柱 3、 轴承结构、 连接轴 2等； 主 轴组合包括主轴 1、 横梁 20、 光伏组件 4等。 在两个立柱 3之间为主轴 1， 主 轴 1上固定光伏组件 4， 两个相邻的主轴 1通过连接轴 2连接， 连接轴 2固定 在立柱 3上。 如图 3所示， 立柱 3包括立柱缘板 10和立柱缘板 10两侧相互平 行的立柱翼板 11， 立柱缘板 10的上端中心开设有圆形通孔， 在通孔内焊接有 圆柱形的轴承座 7， 轴承座 7的外缘焊接在立柱缘板 10上， 在轴承座 7的下方 有两个加强筋板 31， 加强筋板 31为长方形， 加强筋板 31的中心有圆弧面， 圆 弧面为半圆形， 圆弧面的半径与轴承座相同， 圆弧面与轴承座 7的外圆周表面 相接处，加强筋板 31的长度与立柱缘板 10相同，加强筋板 31的两端焊接在立 柱翼板 11上。两个加强筋板 31分别位于立柱缘板 10的正反两个面上， 增加了 轴承座 7的下半圆的支撑面厚度， 提高支撑强度。 轴承座 7的两端均开设有定 位槽 12， 位于同一端的两个定位槽 12位于同一直径上， 位于两端的上侧的定 位槽 12位于同一母线上。在轴承座 7内插接有轴承，轴承是由两个形状相同的 轴承本体构成， 轴承本体 8为半圆形， 其外圆周表面的半径与轴承座相同， 其 内圆周表面的半径与插接在轴承内的主轴的半径相同。轴承本体 8为塑料轴承， 在轴承本体 8的一端一体成型有半圆环形凸沿 5， 在半圆形凸沿 5的中部成型 有一个与定位槽配合的定位凸起 6。 两个轴承本体 8扣合形成一个完整的圆柱 形轴承， 两个轴承本体 8由轴承座 7的两端插入轴承座 7内， 其中一个轴承本 体 8从左端插入轴承座 7内， 轴承本体 8的凸沿抵接在轴承座 7的上半圆上， 轴承本体 8上的定位凸起 6与轴承座左侧上半圆的定位槽 12配合，另外一个轴 承本体 8由右端插入轴承座内， 轴承本体的凸沿抵接在轴承座的下半圆上， 轴 承本体的定位凸起与轴承座右侧下半圆的定位槽 12配合。从而将轴承座与轴承 定位。 在轴承内插接连接轴 2， 连接轴 2用于连接相邻的两根主轴 1。 连接轴 2 上有卡槽 13， 连接轴 2插接在轴承内后， 在卡槽内装上抱箍 9， 利用抱箍 9固 定锁紧。
连接轴 2的横截面为跑道形状， 主轴 1为方轴也就是方形的中空钢管， 主 轴 1的宽度大于连接轴的宽度， 在主轴的端部设有主轴连接头， 如图 4所示， 主轴连接头包括定位结构和固定结构， 在连接轴上设有与主轴连接头对应的固 定结构。 主轴连接头包括主轴封盖 17， 主轴封盖 17焊接在主轴 1的端部， 固 定结构包括相互平行的两块固定板 16， 两块固定板 16焊接在主轴封盖 17上， 两块固定板 16和主轴封盖 17形成一个 "U"形容腔， 两块固定板 16之间的距 离不小于连接轴 2的直径， 使得连接轴 2可以容纳其中； 定位结构为一弧形挡 板 18， 挡板 18的弧度与连接轴的弧度相同， 挡板 18位于构成固定结构的两块 平行的固定板 16之间，挡板 18的两端分别焊接在两端的固定板 16上，连接轴 2相互平行的两个面与固定板 16相接， 连接轴的弧形面与挡板 18相接。 在固 定板 16和挡板 18上均开设有固定孔 15， 固定孔 15为腰形孔， 固定板 16上的 固定孔 15位于 "U"形容腔的开口端， 挡板上的固定孔位于 "U"形容腔的中 部， 在连接轴的两个相互平行的侧面和上下两个弧形的面上开设有与固定孔对 应的通孔 14， 在固定时， 通过螺栓从横向和纵向两个方向进行 "十"字交错固 定， 固定牢固度好。
如图 5和 6和 7所示， 光伏组件安装在光伏组件框架内， 光伏组件框架通 过压块 19固定在横梁上， 位于光伏组件装置中部的压块 19呈 "几"字形， 可 以同时压住两边的光伏框架，位于光伏组件装置边上的压块 19呈阶梯状。横梁 20通过主轴抱箍 32固定在主轴 1上， 在横梁 20上方设有开口槽， 在横梁上方 安装有垫板 21，在垫板 21上安装有接地垫片 22，在垫板 21的下方固定有长条 形螺母 26，横梁 20是一 U形钢，横梁 20的相互平行的两个边向内卷绕形成一 个槽沿， 长条形螺母 26伸入开口槽内， 然后旋转 90° ， 长条形螺母 26的边缘 卡在槽沿上， 将垫板 21固定在横梁 20上。 如图 8和 9 ， 在垫板 21的中心开 设有通孔， 在长条形螺母 26上开设有与垫板中心通孔对应的螺纹孔 27， 螺栓 依次穿过压板 19、接地垫片 22、垫板 21然后固定在长条形螺母 26的螺纹孔内。 在垫板 21中心开设有通孔， 在通孔内设有压紧件， 压紧件包括压板 24和位于 压板 24下方的卡钩 25， 压板 24和卡钩 25是塑料一体成型的。 压板 24的面积 大于通孔的面积， 压板 24压在接地垫片 22上， 卡钩 25有两个， 两个卡钩 25 相互平行， 卡钩 25的钩体向内形成一个卡槽， 在卡槽内固定有长条形螺母 26， 长条形螺母 26与垫板下表面之间的距离与开口槽的槽沿的厚度相同。
接地垫片上有两排相互平行的倒剌 23， 当光伏组件框架压在接地垫片上 时， 剌破光伏组件框架上的薄膜， 实现接地。
如图 10所示，将各个跟踪装置的立柱组合和主轴组合连接后，利用传动组 合带动整个装置转动， 传动组合包括连接在相邻两个连接轴之间的摆臂 30， 摆 臂 30通过摆杆 33固定在联动杆 29上， 联动杆 29的端部连接推杆 28， 通过推 杆 28推动联动杆 29运动， 从而带动各连接轴转动， 连接轴的转动带动主轴转 动跟踪太阳方向。
实施例 2:
一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置的安装方法，
第一歩， 安装立柱组合： 立柱上方中心开孔， 将加强筋板焊接在立柱的通 孔下方， 然后焊接轴承座， 分体式轴承由轴承座的两端插入， 通过定位结构固 定。 然后在轴承内插接有连接轴， 连接轴上通过抱箍固定在立柱上。 立柱的上 端面依然可以作为打桩设备的受力面， 然后利用打桩设备将带有轴承结构和连 接轴的立柱打入地下， 然后将主轴通过连接轴连接在一起；
第二歩， 安装主轴组合： 利用主轴抱箍将横梁安装在连接轴上， 在横梁上 再安装垫板。 将长条形螺母窄的一面插入到横梁的开口槽内， 选择好位置后， 旋转垫板， 由于长条形螺母与垫板的长度方向一致， 长条形螺母长度大于开口 槽小于横梁的横截面内部宽度， 因此长条形螺母抵住开口槽的槽沿， 将垫板固 定在横梁上， 然后通过压板将光伏组件框架压紧在接地垫片上， 利用接地垫片 上的倒剌将光伏组件框架外的薄膜剌穿实现接地。 将光伏组件安装到光伏组件 框架内， 将光伏组件框架通过压板固定在横梁上， 横梁上的接地垫片剌破光伏 组件框架外的薄膜， 实现接地； 将光伏组件安装到横梁上后， 用压块压住并用 螺栓拧紧；
第三歩， 通过起吊设备将主轴组合与已施工完成的立柱组合安装， 主轴与 连接轴通过主轴连接头上的固定结构和定位结构连接。 在连接轴的两个相互平 行的侧面和上下两个弧形的面上开设有与固定孔对应的通孔， 在固定时， 通过 螺栓从横向和纵向两个方向进行 "十"字交错固定。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 包括立柱， 相邻两个立柱之间设有主轴， 主 轴上设有光伏组件， 相邻的两个主轴通过连接轴连接， 连接轴固定在立柱上， 其特征在于： 所述的立柱的上端面为立柱安装面， 在立柱的上部开设有通孔， 在通孔内通过轴承结构安装有连接轴， 连接轴的横截面小于主轴的横截面， 连 接轴与主轴通过轴连接结构相连。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 所述的轴 承结构包括固定在立柱上的轴承座， 在轴承座内设有轴承， 在轴承座和轴承之 间设有定位结构， 在轴承结构与连接轴之间设有固定件。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 所述的轴 承为分体式轴承， 轴承包括两个结构相同的轴承本体， 轴承本体的端部设有凸 沿， 两个轴承本体由轴承座的两端分别插入轴承座内， 所述的轴承本体为半圆 形， 所述的轴承座为圆柱形， 轴承本体的凸沿抵接在轴承座的外缘， 轴承本体 的长度不大于轴承座的长度。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 所述的定 位结构包括在轴承座的两个端面上各开设有两个定位槽， 定位槽位于同一直径 的两端， 所述的轴承本体的凸沿上设置有定位凸起， 定位凸起位于弧形凸沿的 中部， 所述的固定件为抱箍。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 所述立柱的横截面呈 "H"形， 立柱包括立柱缘板和立柱缘板两侧的立柱翼板， 立柱缘板上开设有通孔， 轴承座插接在通孔内， 轴承座的外缘焊接在立柱缘板 上， 在轴承座的下方设有加强筋板， 加强筋板为两块， 加强筋板位于立柱缘板 的正反两个面上， 加强筋板的两端焊接在立柱翼板上且筋板的内圆面与轴承座 的外圆面焊接。
6. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 所述的连接轴的横截面为跑道形状， 所述的主轴为方轴， 主轴的宽度大于连接 轴的宽度， 在主轴的端部设有主轴连接头， 主轴连接头包括定位结构和固定结 构， 在连接轴上设有与主轴连接头对应的固定结构。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 主轴连接 头包括主轴封盖， 主轴封盖焊接在主轴的端部， 固定结构包括相互平行的两块 固定板， 两块固定板焊接在主轴封盖上， 两块固定板之间的距离不小于连接轴 的直径； 所述的定位结构为一弧形挡板， 挡板的弧度与连接轴的弧度相同， 挡 板位于构成固定结构的两块平行的固定板之间， 挡板的两端分别焊接在两端的 固定板上， 在固定板和挡板上均开设有固定孔， 固定孔为腰形孔， 在连接轴的 两个相互平行的侧面和上下两个弧形的面上开设有与固定孔对应的通孔。
8. 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 所述的光伏组件安装在光伏组件框架内，光伏组件框架通过压块固定在横梁上， 横梁固定在主轴上， 在横梁上方设有开口槽， 在横梁上方安装有垫板， 在垫板 上安装有接地垫片， 在垫板的下方设有紧固装置， 压块通过紧固装置将光伏组 件框架固定在接地垫片上。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述一种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置， 其特征在于： 在所述的 垫板中心开设有通孔， 在通孔内设有压紧件， 所述的压紧件包括压板和位于压 板下方的卡钩， 压板的面积大于通孔的面积， 压板压在接地垫片上， 卡钩有两 个， 两个卡钩相互平行， 卡钩的钩体向内形成一个卡槽， 在卡槽内设有紧固装 置， 紧固装置为一长条形螺母， 长条形螺母的中心设有螺纹孔， 长条形螺母与 垫板下表面之间的距离与开口槽的槽沿的厚度相同。
10.—种太阳能光伏组件跟踪装置的安装方法， 其特征在于：
第一歩， 安装立柱组合：先将连接轴通过轴承和轴承座安装到立柱上的通孔内， 立柱的上端面依然可以作为打桩设备的受力面， 然后利用打桩设备将带有轴承 结构和连接轴的立柱打入地下， 然后将主轴通过连接轴连接在一起；
第二歩， 安装主轴组合： 然后将横梁安装在连接轴上， 将光伏组件安装到光伏 组件框架内， 将光伏组件框架通过压板固定在横梁上， 横梁上的接地垫片剌破 光伏组件框架外的薄膜， 实现接地； 将光伏组件安装到横梁上后， 用压块压住 并用螺栓拧紧；
第三歩， 通过起吊设备将主轴组合与已施工完成的立柱组合安装。
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