WO2015081501A1

WO2015081501A1 - Optical transceiver and method for processing optical signal

Info

Publication number: WO2015081501A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/088451
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈波; 宋小鹿; 吕杰
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2013-12-03
Filing date: 2013-12-03
Publication date: 2015-06-11
Also published as: CN104838605A; CN104838605B

Abstract

Provided in an embodiment of the present invention are an optical transceiver and method for processing optical signals. Low-loss reception and transmission of optical signals can be achieved simply by using an optical interface, a birefringent crystal, a polarization deflection component, a polarization beam splitter, a transmitter optical sub assembly, and a receiver optical sub assembly, without requiring many optical elements and having the advantages of easy assembly and low cost; in addition, fewer optical elements allow the corresponding optical transceiver to be more compact and smaller in size, thus meeting the requirement of modern communication device miniaturization.

Description

Optical transceiver and method for processing optical signal

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an optical transceiver and a method for processing an optical signal. Background technique

The transmission and reception of optical signals is the most basic function that needs to be realized in the field of optical communication. The transmission and reception of optical signals is often achieved by optical transmitters and optical receivers. Since the transmission of optical signals is usually bidirectional, it is necessary to integrate the optical transmitter and the optical receiver into an optical transceiver for simultaneously transmitting and receiving optical signals.

The optical transceiver can convert the electrical signal into an optical signal and couple the optical signal to the optical fiber for transmission, and can convert the optical signal received from the optical fiber into an electrical signal. According to the number of optical fibers used in optical transceiver communication, optical transceivers can be divided into: ordinary optical transceivers using Transmitter Optical Sub Assembly (TOSA) and Receiver Optical Sub Assembly (ROSA). , TOSA and ROSA are respectively used to implement transmitting optical signals and receiving optical signals, wherein the transmitting optical signals and the receiving optical signals use separate optical fibers, and two optical fibers are required for one output; the other single-core bidirectional optical transceiver uses bidirectional optical signals. Bi-directional Optical Sub Assembly (BOSA), which simultaneously transmits and receives optical signals, and accesses and shares a single fiber. As shown in Figure la, the two sides of the communication of the ordinary optical transceiver have two ports, respectively, for receiving the illuminating signal, and the corresponding communication also requires two optical fibers. As shown in Figure lb, the single-core bidirectional optical transceiver requires only one port on each side of the communication, and only one fiber is required for optical signal transmission and reception. Single-core, two-way optical transceivers can save half the fiber and will play an important role in modern and future optical communication systems.

During the research, the inventors found that the prior art single-core bidirectional optical transceivers contain more optical components, which makes assembly difficult and costly. At the same time, a large number of optical components also make the overall of the single-core bidirectional optical transceiver. It is bulky and difficult to adapt to the needs of miniaturization of devices in the field of communication. Summary of the invention

In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an optical transceiver and a method of processing an optical signal. The optical transceiver provided by the embodiment of the invention includes an optical interface, a birefringent crystal, a polarization deflecting component, a polarizing beam splitter, a light emitting component, and a light receiving component, wherein: the optical interface is configured to be coupled to an optical fiber to receive incident light from the optical fiber; and the birefringent crystal is configured to receive the optical interface from the optical interface The incident light is decomposed into first polarized light and second polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other and transmitted in the same direction; and the polarization deflecting member is configured to apply first polarized light and second polarized light from the birefringent crystal At least one of the polarized lights is deflected in a polarization direction such that polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become the same first polarization direction; and the polarization beam splitter is configured to reflect the polarization direction of the incident a first polarized light and a second polarized light in a polarization direction; the light receiving part is configured to receive first polarized light and second polarized light whose polarization direction is reflected by the polarizing beam splitter to be a first polarization direction; The light emitting part is configured to emit a third polarized light having a polarization direction of a second polarization direction, the second polarization direction being perpendicular to the first polarization direction; And for transmitting the third polarized light from the light emitting part, wherein the third polarized light transmitted through the polarizing beam splitter is located at a first polarized light incident on the polarizing beam splitter a polarization line deflecting member for deflecting a polarization direction of the third polarized light from the polarization beam splitter, wherein the polarization deflecting member is deflected by the polarization deflecting member The third polarized light is on the same straight line as the first polarized light incident on the polarization deflecting member, and has the opposite transmission direction and the same polarization direction; the birefringent crystal is further configured to receive the third polarized light from the polarization deflecting member And receiving the received third polarized light to the optical interface; the optical interface is further configured to send the third polarized light from the birefringent crystal to the optical fiber. In combination with the optical transceiver, in a possible implementation manner, the polarization deflecting component includes a magneto-optical crystal for polarizing a polarized light incident on the magneto-optical crystal under the action of a magnetic field A 45 degree angle deflection is performed. In combination with the above implementation manner, in another possible implementation manner, the polarization deflecting portion is deflected. In combination with the above implementation manner, in a further possible implementation, the polarization deflecting component specifically includes a first magneto-optical crystal and a first half-wave plate; the first half-wave plate is used to The polarization direction of the first polarized light of the crystal is deflected, and the first magneto-optical crystal is used to pass the first half under the action of the first magnetic field The polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the wave plate is further deflected by 45 degrees, and the first polarized light deflected by the first half-wave plate and the first magneto-optical crystal is sent to the polarization splitting beam The polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the first half-wave plate and the first magneto-optical crystal is the first polarization direction; the first magneto-optical crystal is also used in the Under the action of the first magnetic field, the polarization direction of the third polarized light whose polarization direction is the second polarization direction from the polarization beam splitter is deflected by 45 degrees, and the first half-wave plate is also used for Depolarizing the polarization direction of the third polarized light after the first magneto-optical crystal is deflected, and transmitting the third polarized light that has been deflected by the first magneto-optical crystal and the first half-wave plate to the pair Refractive crystal. Further, the polarization deflecting member specifically includes a second half wave plate; the second half wave plate is configured to deflect a polarization direction of the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal, the first magnetic rotating light The crystal is further configured to perform a 45 degree deflection of the polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the second half wave plate by the first magnetic field, and pass the second half wave plate and The second polarized light deflected by the first magneto-optical crystal is supplied to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein a polarization of the second polarized light after being deflected by the second half-wave plate and the first magneto-optical crystal The direction is the first polarization direction. The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for processing an optical signal, comprising: decomposing incident light received by an optical interface into a first polarized light and a second polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other and transmitted in the same direction by using a birefringent crystal; The polarization deflecting member deflects a polarization direction of at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal such that polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become the same a polarization direction; reflecting the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the polarization deflecting member by a polarizing beam splitter; receiving the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the polarizing beam splitter by the light receiving member; Transmitting, by the polarizing beam splitter, a third polarized light having a polarization direction of a second polarization direction, the second polarization direction being perpendicular to the first polarization direction; using the polarization deflection component pair to obtain the polarization component The third polarized light of the beamer is deflected in a polarization direction, wherein the third polarized light deflected by the polarization deflecting member and the polarized light are incident The first polarized light of the rotating member is on the same straight line, the transmission direction is opposite, and the polarization direction is the same; the third polarized light from the polarization deflecting member is received by the birefringent crystal, and the received third polarized light is transmitted to the Optical interface. In combination with the method, in a possible implementation, the polarization deflecting member is used to deflect a polarization direction of at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal. Making the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light the same first polarization The direction includes: using a magneto-optical crystal and a half-wave plate in the polarization deflecting member to deflect a polarization direction of at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal, so that the first The polarization directions of the polarized light and the second polarized light are the same first polarization direction, wherein the magnetic rotation crystal has a deflection angle of 45 degrees with respect to the polarization direction of the polarized light incident on the magneto-optical crystal. The optical transceiver and the method for processing the optical signal provided by the embodiment of the invention divide the received light into two polarized lights whose polarization directions are perpendicular by using a birefringent crystal, and then use the polarization deflecting member to at least one of the two polarized lights. The beam is deflected in a polarization direction such that the polarization receiving portions of the two polarized lights receive; in the reverse direction, the polarized beam splitter transmits the polarized light emitted by the light emitting member, and then the polarizing deflecting member is used to polarize the beam splitter from the polarizing beam splitter. The polarized light is deflected such that the polarized light deflected by the polarization deflecting member is on the same line as one of the two polarized lights incident on the polarization deflecting member, the opposite direction of transmission and the same polarization direction, and finally passed through the double The refractive crystal couples the light into the corresponding optical interface and sends it out. The optical transceiver and the method for processing the optical signal provided by the embodiments of the present invention only need an optical interface, a birefringent crystal, a polarization deflecting component, a polarization beam splitter, a light emitting component, and a light receiving component, thereby achieving low loss of the optical signal. Receiving and transmitting, using fewer optical components, has the advantage of easy assembly and low cost, and fewer optical components make the corresponding optical transceiver more compact and smaller, which can meet the requirements of miniaturization of modern communication devices. DRAWINGS

The drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are described in a single manner. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art do not pay Other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings on the premise of creative labor.

Figure la is an optical transceiver provided in the prior art;

Figure lb is another optical transceiver provided in the prior art;

2 is a top view of an optical transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a top plan view of an optical transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a side view of the optical transceiver provided in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a side elevational view of the optical transceiver provided in Figure 3 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a top view of an optical transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the optical transceiver provided in Figure 6 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a side view of an optical transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side view of an optical transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the inventive scope are the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the "coupled" and "connected" as used in the embodiments of the present invention may include a direct physical connection or only a connection relationship on the optical path. An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical transceiver, including an optical interface, a birefringent crystal, a polarization deflecting component, a polarization beam splitter, a light emitting component, and a light receiving component, wherein: the optical interface is used to couple with a fiber, and receive Incident light from the optical fiber; the birefringent crystal for splitting the incident light from the optical interface into first polarized light and second polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other and transmitted in the same direction; a polarization deflecting member for deflecting a polarization direction of at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal such that polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become a first polarization direction; the polarization beam splitter, configured to reflect the first polarization and the second polarization of the incident polarization direction of the first polarization direction; and the light receiving component, configured to receive the polarization component The polarization direction reflected by the beam beam is the first polarization light and the second polarization light in the first polarization direction; the light emitting part is configured to emit the polarization direction as the second polarization direction a third polarized light, the second polarization direction being perpendicular to the first polarization direction; the polarization beam splitter further configured to transmit the third polarized light from the light emitting component, wherein The third polarized light transmitted through the polarizing beam splitter is located on a same line as the first polarized light incident on the polarizing beam splitter and has a reverse direction of transmission; the polarization deflecting member is further used to The third polarized light of the polarization beam splitter is deflected in a polarization direction, wherein the first deflected by the polarization deflecting member The three polarized lights are on the same straight line as the first polarized light incident on the polarization deflecting member, and the transmission direction is opposite and the polarization direction is the same; the birefringent crystal is further configured to receive the third polarized light from the polarization deflecting member, And receiving the received third polarized light to the optical interface; the optical interface is further configured to send the third polarized light from the birefringent crystal to the optical fiber. Optionally, the polarization deflecting member comprises a magneto-optical crystal for deflecting a polarization direction of polarized light incident on the magneto-optical crystal by a 45-degree angle under the action of a magnetic field. Optionally, the polarization deflecting component further includes a half wave plate for deflecting a polarization direction of the polarized light incident on the half wave plate. Optionally, the polarization deflecting member specifically includes a first magneto-optical crystal and a first half-wave plate; the first half-wave plate is configured to deflect a polarization direction of the first polarized light from the birefringent crystal, The first magneto-optical crystal is configured to deflect a polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the first half-wave plate by 45 degrees under the action of the first magnetic field, and pass the first half The wave plate and the first polarized light deflected by the first magneto-optical crystal are supplied to the polarization beam splitter, wherein the first polarization after being deflected by the first half-wave plate and the first magneto-optical crystal a polarization direction of the light is the first polarization direction; the first magneto-optical crystal is further configured to, under the action of the first magnetic field, a polarization direction from the polarization beam splitter to a second polarization direction The polarization direction of the three polarized light is deflected by 45 degrees, and the first half-wave plate is further configured to deflect the polarization direction of the third polarized light deflected by the first magneto-optical crystal, and a magneto-optical crystal and the first half-wave Third polarized light deflected exports the birefringent crystal. Further, the polarization deflecting member specifically includes a second half wave plate; the second half wave plate is configured to deflect a polarization direction of the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal, the first magnetic rotating light The crystal is further configured to perform a 45 degree deflection of the polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the second half wave plate by the first magnetic field, and pass the second half wave plate and The second polarized light deflected by the first magneto-optical crystal is supplied to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein a polarization of the second polarized light after being deflected by the second half-wave plate and the first magneto-optical crystal The direction is the first polarization direction. Optionally, the polarization deflecting member specifically includes a second magneto-optical crystal and a third half-wave plate; and the second magnetizing crystal is configured to, under the action of the second magnetic field, the first from the birefringent crystal The polarization direction of the polarized light is deflected by 45 degrees, and the third half-wave plate is configured to deflect the polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the second magneto-optical crystal, and pass the second magnetic field The optically polarized crystal and the first polarized light deflected by the third half-wave plate are sent to the polarization beam splitter, wherein the first polarization after being deflected by the second magneto-optical crystal and the third half-wave plate The polarization direction of the light is the first polarization direction; the third half-wave plate is further configured to deflect a polarization direction of the third polarization light having a polarization direction from the polarization beam splitter to a second polarization direction, The second magneto-optical crystal is further configured to perform 45 degree deflection of the polarization direction of the third polarized light deflected by the third half-wave plate under the action of the second magnetic field. Further, the polarization deflecting member specifically includes a fourth half-wave plate; the second magneto-optical crystal is further configured to, under the action of the second magnetic field, the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal The polarization direction is deflected by 45 degrees, and the fourth half-wave plate is further configured to deflect the polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the second magneto-optical crystal, and pass the second magneto-optical crystal And the second polarized light deflected by the fourth half-wave plate is sent to the polarization beam splitter, wherein the second polarized light and the second polarized light deflected by the fourth half-wave plate The polarization direction is the first polarization direction. Optionally, the polarization deflecting member specifically includes a third magnetizing crystal and a fourth magnetizing crystal; the third magnetizing crystal is configured to perform 45 degrees of polarization of the first polarized light from the birefringent crystal. Deflecting, and transmitting the first polarized light deflected by the third magneto-optical crystal to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein a polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the third magnetizing crystal is The first polarization direction is further configured to perform a 45 degree deflection on a polarization direction of the third polarized light having a polarization direction from the polarization beam splitter to a second polarization direction; the fourth magneto-optical crystal is used to The polarization direction of the second polarized light of the birefringent crystal is deflected by 45 degrees, and the second polarized light deflected by the fourth magneto-optical crystal is sent to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein, after the fourth The polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the magneto-optical crystal is the first polarization direction. Optionally, the polarization deflecting member specifically includes a fifth magneto-optical crystal and a fifth half-wave plate; and the fifth magnetizing crystal is used to perform 45 degrees of polarization of the first polarized light from the birefringent crystal. Deflecting, and transmitting the first polarized light deflected by the fifth magneto-optical crystal to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein a polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the fifth magneto-optical crystal is a first polarization direction; also for using a polarization direction from the polarization beam splitter as a second polarization side The polarization direction of the third polarized light is deflected by 45 degrees; the fifth half-wave plate is used to deflect the polarization direction of the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal by 45 degrees, and will pass through the fifth The second polarized light deflected by the half wave plate is sent to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein a polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the fifth half wave plate is the first polarization direction. Optionally, the polarization deflecting member further includes a magnetic ring, and the magnetic ring is used to provide a magnetic field to the magnetic rotating crystal. Optionally, the light emitting component is a light emitting device for emitting single-wavelength light; or the light emitting component includes a light emitting device for emitting light of a plurality of wavelengths, and for combining light of a plurality of wavelengths. a multiplexer device; the light receiving member is a light receiving device for receiving single-wavelength light; or the light-receiving member includes a plurality of light-receiving devices for receiving single-wavelength light, and for separating a plurality of wavelengths of light A wave splitting device for light of each wavelength. The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for processing an optical signal, comprising: decomposing incident light received by an optical interface into a first polarized light and a second polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other and transmitted in the same direction by using a birefringent crystal; The polarization deflecting member deflects a polarization direction of at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal such that polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become the same a polarization direction; reflecting the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the polarization deflecting member by a polarizing beam splitter; receiving the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the polarizing beam splitter by the light receiving member; Transmitting, by the polarizing beam splitter, a third polarized light having a polarization direction of a second polarization direction, the second polarization direction being perpendicular to the first polarization direction; using the polarization deflection component pair to obtain the polarization component The third polarized light of the beamer is deflected in a polarization direction, wherein the third polarized light deflected by the polarization deflecting member and the polarized light are incident The first polarized light of the rotating member is on the same straight line, the transmission direction is opposite, and the polarization direction is the same; the third polarized light from the polarization deflecting member is received by the birefringent crystal, and the received third polarized light is transmitted to the Optical interface. Optionally, the polarization deflecting member is used to deflect at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal in a polarization direction, so that the first polarized light and the second polarized light The polarization direction becomes the same first polarization direction, comprising: using a magneto-optical crystal and a half-wave plate in the polarization deflecting member to pair the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal At least one polarized light is deflected in a polarization direction such that polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become the same first polarization direction, wherein the magneto-optical crystal pairs polarized light incident on the magneto-optical crystal The deflection angle of the polarization direction is 45 degrees. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 2, an optical transceiver provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes an optical interface, a birefringent crystal, a polarization deflecting member, a polarization beam splitter, a light receiving component, and a light emitting component. 2 is only an exemplary drawing in which incident light (light input from an external optical fiber) is decomposed into two polarized lights whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, which are respectively referred to as first polarized light and second polarized light, wherein The first polarized light of the two polarized lights that are decomposed in the middle is exemplarily the same as the polarization direction of the third polarized light emitted from the light emitting part. In Fig. 2, the first polarized light and the third polarized light have the same polarization direction, and the opposite directions of transmission are actually coincident. In order to more clearly illustrate the scheme, the first polarized light and the third polarized light which are superposed together on the same straight line are displayed in a slightly separated state. The embodiment of the present invention is only an example. Alternatively, the third polarized light may also receive a signal carrying light at the same wavelength while transmitting the signal with the second polarized light instead of the first polarized light of one wavelength. It can also be used for multi-wavelength two-way communication, that is, transmitting signals carrying light of multiple wavelengths while receiving signals transmitted on multiple wavelengths of light, or single-wavelength transmission multi-wavelength reception or multi-wavelength transmission Wavelength reception, there is no limit to this. It should be noted that, in all embodiments of the present invention, the first polarization direction is a vertical direction and the second polarization direction is a horizontal direction, which is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. The optical interface is coupled (or connected) to the external optical fiber for receiving an optical signal from the external optical fiber and transmitting the optical signal sent by the optical transceiver. At the same time, the optical interface is also coupled with the birefringent crystal, that is, the optical interface first receives the optical signal input by the external optical fiber, and then transmits the corresponding received optical signal to the birefringent crystal, and receives the light from the birefringent crystal in the reverse direction. The signal is then sent to the external fiber by the optical signal from the birefringent crystal. Specifically, the optical interface may be an optical connection device or a coupling device. When the light beam is incident on the anisotropic crystal, it is decomposed into two beams and refracted in different directions. The two beams are linearly polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other. This kind of anisotropic crystal is called birefringence. Crystal, English is Bi refr ingent Crys ta h Incident light from the optical interface, in most cases elliptically polarized or linearly polarized light, of course, can also be natural light, which is split into two polarizations in the birefringent crystal The light, here referred to as the first polarized light (the polarized light above the figure) and the second polarized light (the polarized light located below the figure). The polarization directions of the two polarized lights, one perpendicular to the principal plane (the plane formed by the optical axis of the birefringent crystal and the incident ray), called the ordinary ray (0 light); the other in the principal plane, called the extraordinary ray ( e light). Normal rays follow the law of refraction, while non-existing rays do not follow the law of refraction. The polarization deflecting member deflects at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light in a polarization direction. In FIG. 2, the deflection of the polarization direction is exemplarily performed only for the first polarized light; in fact, if the angle of the polarized light emitted from the birefringent crystal is offset from the direction of the polarized light in FIG. 2, The first polarized light and the second polarized light are deflected in a polarization direction such that the polarized first polarized light and the second polarized light have the same polarization direction and are perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted by the light emitting member. The polarization beam splitter in the embodiment of the present invention can be used to separate polarized light whose polarization direction is perpendicular. In Fig. 2, the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the polarization deflecting member have the same polarization direction but are perpendicular to the polarization direction of the third polarized light from the light emitting member. The polarizing beam splitter is disposed to polarize light emitted from the polarization deflecting member just by the polarized light that is transmitted through the light emitting member. The light receiving part is for receiving polarized light from the polarization beam splitter. The light receiving part may include a PN type photodiode, may include an avalanche photodiode, and may also include other means for receiving an optical signal. Optionally, two devices that receive the optical signal are respectively configured to receive the first polarized light and the second polarized light, and different regions of the device that receive the optical signal respectively receive the first polarized light and the second polarized light, Alternatively, the first polarized light and the second polarized light may be collected by a coupling lens and then received. If it is in a single-wavelength communication system, the light-receiving component may be a corresponding photodetector, such as a PN-type photodiode, or an avalanche photodiode, or other device for receiving an optical signal, or these photodetectors and A combination of coupling lenses. In the multi-wavelength communication system, the light-receiving component may include a plurality of photodetectors, and a demultiplexing device for separating the respective wavelengths. When receiving the optical signals, the optical signals of the respective wavelengths are separated by using the demultiplexing device, and then utilized. A plurality of photodetectors respectively receive optical signals of respective wavelengths. The splitting device here has the function equivalent to the function of the demultiplexer. The light receiving component can be configured to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal after receiving the optical signal. The electrical signal is then sent to the corresponding processing module or processing component for processing. The light emitting component may be a laser for emitting a single wavelength, or may be a laser array that emits multiple wavelengths, or a separate laser chip, or an array laser chip. In the case of single-wavelength communication, the light-emitting component may be only a single-wavelength laser; if it is a multi-wavelength communication system, the light-emitting component may include a laser array for emitting multiple wavelengths, or a separate laser chip. , or an array laser chip, and a multiplexer for merging multiple wavelengths of light. A laser array, a laser chip or an array laser chip emits light of a plurality of wavelengths through a plurality of multiplexed devices, which are first combined and finally transmitted to a polarization beam splitter. The function of the multiplexer here is equivalent to the function of the multiplexer. Wherein, in the multi-wavelength communication system, the polarization directions of the plurality of polarized lights emitted by the light emitting component are the same, and the plurality of polarized lights are combined to form a third polarized light, that is, the third polarized light here may include multiple Polarized light with different wavelengths but the same polarization direction. It can be understood that the light emitted by the laser carries a corresponding communication message. Further, the light emitting component may further include a corresponding polarization direction adjusting component for modulating a polarization direction of the polarized light emitted by the laser or the laser array, so that the light emitting component finally emits

Upon receiving the optical signal, the optical interface coupled to the external fiber first transmits the received optical signal to the birefringent crystal. The birefringent crystal decomposes the received optical signal into first polarized light and second polarized light that are perpendicular to each other in the polarization direction and are transmitted in parallel in the same direction. The polarization deflecting member deflects at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light such that the polarization directions of the deflected first polarized light and the second polarized light are the same first polarization direction, in FIG. 2 The line with the dots indicates the polarized light whose polarization direction is the first polarization direction. Because, when the polarization deflecting member is incident, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light, so that the polarization directions of the two polarized light are the same, then the deflection of the two polarized lights upon incident The angles are 90 degrees apart. That is, when the polarization direction of the second polarized light is incident on the first polarization direction when the polarization deflecting member is incident, it is not necessary to polarize the second polarized light, and it is only necessary to deflect the first polarized light by 90 degrees. If the polarization direction of the second polarized light is incident to the first polarization direction when the polarization deflecting member is incident, the second polarized light may be deflected by the twist, and the first polarized light may be deflected by (90+ Θ) degrees. Here Θ can be a positive angle or a negative angle. The first polarized light and the second polarized light that have undergone polarization deflection are in a first polarization direction, are reflected by the polarization beam splitter, and are received by the light receiving member. When the optical signal is emitted, the light emitting component first emits a third polarization in which the polarization direction is the second polarization direction. Vibrating, in Fig. 2, the line with a short line indicates the polarized light whose polarization direction is the second polarization direction. The polarizing beam splitter is disposed to transmit the third polarized light in the second polarization direction, and the third polarized light transmitted through the polarizing beam splitter is opposite to the first polarized light in the opposite direction of transmission. a polarization deflecting member that deflects a polarization direction of the third polarized light such that the third polarized light deflected by the polarization deflecting member is on the same line as the first polarized light incident on the polarization deflecting member, and the transmission direction is opposite The polarization direction is the same. In Fig. 2, the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the third polarized light on the right side of the polarization deflecting member are the same, and the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the third polarized light on the left side of the polarization deflecting member are different by 90 degrees. It can be seen that the polarization deflection members have a deflection angle of 90 degrees from the first polarized light and the third polarized light of the two polarized lights having opposite transmission directions. The difference in the angle of deflection, in one mode, the polarization deflecting member may comprise a magneto-optical crystal and a half-wave plate, using a combination of polarization reversal of the polarization crystal of the magneto-optical crystal and a polarization deflection function of the half-wave plate; In one mode, the polarization deflecting member may include a circulator and a half wave plate. The circulator may first split the light with different propagation directions, and then use different half wave plates to respectively perform different angles of light with different propagation directions. Polarization deflection; other devices that are known or can be used in the future to achieve different polarization deflection angles in different directions can also be used. The third polarized light deflected by the polarization deflecting member is coupled into the optical interface via a birefringent crystal and finally to the external optical fiber.

The optical transceiver and the method for processing the optical signal provided by the embodiment of the invention divide the received light into two polarized lights whose polarization directions are perpendicular by using a birefringent crystal, and then use the polarization deflecting member to at least one of the two polarized lights. The beam is deflected in a polarization direction such that the polarization receiving portions of the two polarized lights receive; in the reverse direction, the polarized beam splitter transmits the polarized light emitted by the light emitting member, and then the polarizing deflecting member is used to polarize the beam splitter from the polarizing beam splitter. The polarized light is deflected such that the polarized light deflected by the polarization deflecting member is on the same line as one of the two polarized lights incident on the polarization deflecting member, the opposite direction of transmission and the same polarization direction, and finally passed through the double The refractive crystal couples the light into the corresponding optical interface and sends it out. The optical transceiver and the method for processing the optical signal provided by the embodiments of the present invention only need an optical interface, a birefringent crystal, a polarization deflecting component, a polarization beam splitter, a light emitting component, and a light receiving component, thereby achieving low loss of the optical signal. Receiving and transmitting, using fewer optical components, has the advantage of easy assembly and low cost, and fewer optical components make the corresponding optical transceiver more compact and smaller, which can meet the requirements of miniaturization of modern communication devices. In the following, the details of several polarization deflecting members will be explained. As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 provides an optical transceiver. In this embodiment, the polarization deflecting member includes a magneto-optical crystal and a half-wave plate. Alternatively, the magnetic ring for the magneto-optical crystal may be included. . In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the first polarized light decomposed by the birefringent crystal is the second polarization direction (indicated by a line with a short line), and the polarization direction of the second polarized light is the first polarization direction (with a circle) The line of the point indicates that the half-wave plate is used to deflect the polarization direction of the first polarized light by 45 degrees, either clockwise or counterclockwise, and the magneto-optical crystal is used to deflect 45 degrees under the action of the magnetic field. Among them, the half-wave plate and the magneto-optical crystal have the same deflection direction, both clockwise or counterclockwise, and the total deflection is 90 degrees. It can be seen that after two deflections of the half-wave plate and the magneto-optical crystal, the polarization direction of the first polarized light has changed from the second polarization direction to the first polarization direction. In this embodiment, the polarization deflecting member does not deflect the polarization direction of the second polarized light. Among them, the magnetic field required to provide a magneto-optical crystal by using a magnetic ring is only one of the embodiments, and there are many other ways of providing a magnetic field, such as using a permanent magnet, such as using an exciting current, etc., in the art. This is not - for example. Figure 4 shows a perspective side view of the embodiment of Figure 3, with the magnetic ring omitted and the direction of the magnetic field indicated in Figure 4, and Figure 4 also shows the optical path when receiving light. In Fig. 4, the second polarization direction is indicated by a horizontal short line, and the first polarization direction is indicated by a vertical short line. The optical axis of the half-wave plate is located on the left side of the vertical line and is at an angle of 22.5 degrees from the vertical direction. Since the polarization direction of the incident first polarized light is horizontal, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is The optical axis of the half-wave plate is at an angle of 67.5 degrees. It is known from the common knowledge in the art that the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the polarized light of the half-wave plate will be rotated through 1 35 degrees, that is, the polarization direction of the first polarized light of the outgoing half-wave plate is the right side of the vertical line. And at a 45 degree angle to the vertical. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the 135 degree clockwise deflection and the 45 degree counterclockwise deflection are equivalent, so the clockwise deflection of 1 35 degrees is equivalent to the counterclockwise deflection of 45 degrees, correspondingly, if the deflection The angle is (X, which can also be considered to be deflected by (180-α) degrees in the reverse direction. As can be seen from Fig. 4, the first polarized light of the incident magneto-optical crystal, that is, the first polarized light of the outgoing half-wave plate The polarization direction is a vertical angle of 45 degrees to the right. After the magnetic rotation crystal is rotated by 45 degrees, the polarization direction of the first polarized light exiting the magnetic rotation crystal is coincident with the vertical direction, that is, the first A polarization direction. Both the half-wave plate and the magneto-optical crystal do not deflect the second polarized light. Figure 5 is basically the same as Figure 4, except that the optical path when transmitting the optical signal is given. In the case of the optical signal, the third polarized light emitted by the light emitting part is in the second polarization direction, that is, the horizontal direction. After the third polarized light is deflected counterclockwise by the magneto-optical crystal 45 and then deflected by the half-wave plate, the polarization direction is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light of the exiting birefringent crystal, so that the birefringent crystal can make the third polarized light Coupled into the optical interface for transmission. After the first polarized light of the second polarization direction in FIG. 4 is deflected by the half-wave plate and the magneto-optical crystal, the polarization direction is deflected by 90 degrees, which is called the first polarization direction, and the third polarization direction of the second polarization direction is magnetized. After the deflection of the crystal and the half-wave plate, the deflection direction is also the second polarization direction. The main reason is that the optical rotation effect of the magneto-optical crystal is non-reciprocal. When linearly polarized light passes through the medium, if a magnetic field parallel to the direction of propagation of the light is applied to the medium, the vibrating surface of the light will rotate. This magneto-optical phenomenon was first discovered by Faraday in 1845, so it is called For the Faraday effect. The angle of this deflection is related to the direction of the magnetic field, the thickness of the medium, and the dielectric material, regardless of the direction of propagation of the light. Therefore, the polarized light propagating in the opposite direction is in the same direction and equal in the direction of the deflection direction under the action of the Faraday effect. In other words, the magneto-optical crystal deflects the polarization direction of the incident first polarized light by a 45-degree angle counterclockwise, and the deflection angle of the polarization direction of the third polarized light opposite to the first polarized light transmission direction is also reversed. The hour hand is 45 degrees, which results in polarized light of different transmission directions, and the angle of deflection is different.

At the same time, it is precisely because of this non-reciprocity of the magneto-optical crystal that the light reflected by the light-receiving member can be effectively prevented from entering the optical fiber, thereby reducing crosstalk. Generally, in the process of receiving an optical signal, the light receiving component does not receive 100% of the light, and a small portion of the light is reflected back along the original optical path, if the part of the light enters the optical fiber together with the light emitted by the light emitting component. , will cause crosstalk of the optical signal. In the embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that the polarized light reflected by the light receiving member (the reflection process does not change the polarization direction of the light) is the first polarization direction, which is opposite to the polarization direction of the third polarized light emitted by the light emitting part. Vertical, it is not easy to cause crosstalk. Meanwhile, when the reflected light of the first polarization direction passes through the magneto-optical crystal and the half-wave plate in the reverse direction, taking the embodiment in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 as an example, when the reflected light of the first polarization direction passes through the magneto-optical crystal , the polarization is 22.5 degrees, and after the half-wave plate is deflected, the polarization direction of the reflected light will return to the first polarization direction, which is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light after being decomposed by the birefringent crystal. The difference in the polarization direction makes the reflected light not return to the optical interface along the original optical path of the first polarized light, so that it is not coupled into the external optical fiber and is prevented from causing crosstalk caused by the reflected light. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the polarization deflecting member includes two half wave plates and one magnetic rotating crystal, wherein the magnetic ring is optional. In FIG. 6, the processing for the first polarized light and the third polarized light is the same as that in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, and will not be described in detail herein. In the embodiment of Fig. 6, the polarization deflecting member further deflects the polarization direction of the second polarized light such that the polarization direction of the second polarized light exiting the polarization deflecting member is the first polarization direction.

As shown in FIG. 7, wherein FIG. 7 corresponds to FIG. 6, the optical path of the left portion of the figure is the same as that of FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. In FIG. 7, the polarization deflecting member further includes an optical axis located vertically. The right side of the line, a half-wave plate with an angle of 22.5 degrees from the vertical. The second polarized light having a polarization direction in the first polarization direction exits the half-wave plate at an angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, that is, the first polarization direction, and then rotates through the 45-degree rotation of the magneto-optical crystal. The polarization direction of the polarized light returns to the first polarization direction. The reflected light of the second polarized light returning from the original optical path from the light receiving member is deflected by 45 degrees counterclockwise when passing through the magneto-optical crystal, and the reflected polarization direction after the deflection becomes the second polarization. The direction, that is, the horizontal direction, so that the polarization direction of the reflected light of the second polarized light reaching the birefringent crystal is the second polarization direction, which is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light emitted by the birefringent crystal, so the second polarization cannot be along The original light path of the light returns to the optical interface, thereby avoiding reflected light crosstalk.

As shown in FIG. 8, in still another embodiment, the polarization deflecting member includes a magneto-optical crystal and a half-wave plate, and optionally, a magnetic ring. The polarization direction of the first polarized light after birefringence decomposition is on the right side of the vertical line and is at an angle of 45 degrees to the vertical direction, and the second polarized light is on the left side of the vertical line and is 45 degrees from the vertical direction. angle. In this embodiment, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is deflected by a 45-degree angle counterclockwise using only the magneto-optical crystal, and the polarization direction of the second polarized light is deflected by a clockwise 45-degree angle using the half-wave plate. This causes the polarization directions of the deflected first polarized light and the second polarized light to be both in the first polarization direction. When the optical signal is emitted, the polarization direction emitted by the light emitting component is the third polarized light of the second polarization direction, and after being deflected 45 degrees counterclockwise by the magneto-optical crystal, the polarization of the first polarized light after being decomposed by the birefringent crystal The direction is the same. According to the principle of reversible optical path, the polarized light of the polarization direction can be coupled into the optical interface by the birefringent crystal and transmitted.

As shown in FIG. 9, in one embodiment, the polarization deflecting member includes two magneto-optical crystals, and optionally, two magnetic loops. The embodiment of Figure 9 is similar to Figure 8, with the difference being that In Fig. 9, the deflection of the polarization direction of the second polarized light is realized by the half-wave plate, and the deflection of the polarization direction of the second polarized light is realized by the magneto-optical crystal in Fig. 9. In the example of Fig. 9, the two magneto-optical crystals are of the same material, but in the magnetic field in the opposite direction of the magnetic field, the directions of deflection of the two are opposite. In fact, it is also possible to place two magneto-optical crystals in the same magnetic field, and separately use magnetron crystals of different materials, so that one realizes clockwise deflection and the other counterclockwise deflection. It should be noted that in all embodiments of the present invention, the direction of the magnetic field is merely an example, and may also be a direction opposite to the direction in each of the figures, in which case the polarization direction of each polarized light is clockwise, as long as the half-wave plate The polarization angle is also clockwise, so that a 90 degree deflection of the polarization direction of the polarized light can also be achieved. For example, the direction of rotation of magnetron crystals of different materials is different. Some magnetic vibrating crystals rotate clockwise with the direction of the magnetic field, while some magnetic vibrating crystals rotate counterclockwise with the direction of the magnetic field as the axis. When the direction of the magnetic field is still as shown in the figures, but the material of the magneto-optical crystal changes, it may also require a certain change in the polarization angle of the wave half. In short, by selecting a suitable half-wave plate, a magneto-optical crystal, and a magnetic field, the polarization direction of polarization of the first polarized light can be deflected from the second polarization direction to the first polarization direction, and in the vibration direction.

Meanwhile, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first polarized light and the second polarized light which are decomposed by the birefringent crystal are respectively the second polarization direction and the first polarization direction, and this case is only an example. In fact, regardless of the polarization direction of the first polarized light and the second polarized light after being decomposed by the birefringent crystal, if it is possible to form a certain angle with the second polarization direction and the first polarization direction, respectively, half can be used. The wave plate adjusts the polarization direction of the corresponding polarized light to a suitable direction such that the polarized light emitted from the half-wave plate is polarized by the magneto-optical crystal, and its polarization direction is the first polarization direction. In a specific implementation, it is only necessary to adjust the angle between the optical axis of the half wave plate and the corresponding polarized light to an appropriate angle. In addition, the front and rear positions of the half-wave plate and the magneto-optical crystal can be reversed, and the deflection effect on the light is uniform. Of course, the optical axis direction of the half-wave plate needs to be adjusted. The method for processing an optical signal provided by the embodiment of the present invention is similar to the principle of an optical transceiver, and can be referred to the description of the optical transceiver portion. An optical transceiver and a method for processing an optical signal according to embodiments of the present invention, using polarization splitting of a birefringent crystal, deflection of polarized light by a polarization deflecting member, and polarization direction of a polarizing beam splitter The splitting of different polarized lights enables a single optical interface to transmit optical signals while also receiving optical signals. At the same time, the optical transceiver and the method for processing the optical signal provided by the embodiments of the present invention use less optical devices, and the optical device used does not bring additional loss except for the coupling loss, so there is an advantage of low loss. The embodiment of the invention adopts fewer optical components, and has the advantages of easy assembly and low cost. At the same time, because of the small number of optical components used, the processing of the optical transceiver and the optical signal is made more compact, and the device can be miniaturized in the communication system. In the prior art, the light receiving component reflects a part of the optical signal, and may interfere with the optical signal emitted by the light emitting component, thereby causing crosstalk of the optical signal, and the optical signal emitted by the light emitting component may also be related to the received optical signal. Form crosstalk. The polarization direction of the polarized light reflected by the light-receiving member of the embodiment of the present invention is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarized light emitted from the light-emitting member, and crosstalk is less likely to occur. Meanwhile, the polarization deflecting member in the embodiment of the present invention includes a magneto-optical crystal, and the non-reciprocity of the magneto-optical crystal causes the polarized light reflected by the light-receiving member to return to the birefringent crystal because of the polarized light emitted from the original birefringent crystal. The polarization direction is different, and it is difficult to couple into the optical fiber along the original optical path, thereby further reducing signal crosstalk. It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to be limiting; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims

claims

1. An optical transceiver, characterized in that the optical transceiver includes an optical interface, a birefringent crystal, a polarization deflection component, a polarization beam splitter, a light emitting component, and a light receiving component, wherein: the optical interface is used The birefringent crystal is used to couple with the optical fiber and receive the incident light from the optical fiber; the birefringent crystal is used to decompose the incident light from the optical interface into the first polarized light and the third polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other and transmitted in the same direction. Two polarized light; the polarization deflection component is used to deflect at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal in the polarization direction, so that the first polarized light and the second polarized light are The polarization direction of the polarized light becomes the same first polarization direction; the polarization beam splitter is used to reflect the first polarized light and the second polarized light whose polarization direction is the first polarization direction; the light receiving component is used For receiving the first polarized light and the second polarized light whose polarization direction is the first polarization direction reflected by the polarization beam splitter; the light emitting component is used for emitting the third polarized light whose polarization direction is the second polarization direction. , the second polarization direction is perpendicular to the first polarization direction; the polarization beam splitter is also used to transmit the third polarized light from the light emitting component, wherein, through the polarization The third polarized light of the beam splitter is located on the same straight line as the first polarized light incident on the polarizing beam splitter and has an opposite transmission direction; the polarization deflection component is also used to convert the polarized light from the polarizing beam splitter. The third polarized light is deflected in the polarization direction, wherein the third polarized light deflected by the polarization deflection component and the first polarized light incident on the polarization deflection component are located on the same straight line, have opposite transmission directions, and have opposite polarization directions. The same; the birefringent crystal is also used to receive the third polarized light from the polarization deflection component, and output the received third polarized light to the optical interface; the optical interface is also used to transmit the light from the The third polarized light of the birefringent crystal is transmitted to the optical fiber.

2. The optical transceiver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component includes a magnetically active crystal, and the magnetically active crystal is used to polarize the polarized light incident on the magnetically active crystal under the action of a magnetic field. The direction is deflected at an angle of 45 degrees.

3. The optical transceiver according to claim 2, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component further includes a half-wave plate, and the half-wave plate is used to deflect the polarization direction of the polarized light incident on the half-wave plate.

4. The optical transceiver according to claim 3, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component specifically includes a first magnetically rotating crystal and a first half-wave plate; the first half-wave plate is used to deflect light from the birefringence. The polarization direction of the first polarized light of the crystal is deflected, and the first magnetically rotating crystal is used to re-polarize the first polarized light after being deflected by the first half-wave plate under the action of the first magnetic field. 45 degree deflection, and the first polarized light deflected by the first half-wave plate and the first magnetic rotary crystal is output to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein, after passing through the first half-wave plate and the first magnetic rotary crystal, The polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the first magnetically active crystal is the first polarization direction; the first magnetically active crystal is also used to polarize the light from the polarization splitter under the action of the first magnetic field. The polarization direction of the beamer is the second polarization direction and the polarization direction of the third polarization is deflected by 45 degrees. The first half-wave plate is also used to deflect the third polarization light after being deflected by the first magnetic rotary crystal. The polarization direction is then deflected, and the third polarized light deflected by the first magnetically rotatable crystal and the first half-wave plate is transmitted to the birefringent crystal.

5. The optical transceiver according to claim 4, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component further includes a second half-wave plate; the second half-wave plate is used to convert the second half-wave plate from the birefringent crystal. The polarization direction of the polarized light is deflected, and the first magnetically rotating crystal is also used to further perform 45 steps on the polarization direction of the second polarized light after being deflected by the second half-wave plate under the action of the first magnetic field. degree of deflection, and transmit the second polarized light deflected by the second half-wave plate and the first magnetic rotary crystal to the polarization beam splitter device, wherein the polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the second half-wave plate and the first magnetically rotating crystal is the first polarization direction.

6. The optical transceiver according to claim 3, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component specifically includes a second magnetically rotary crystal and a third half-wave plate; the second magnetically rotary crystal is used in the second magnetic field. Under the action of the birefringent crystal, the polarization direction of the first polarized light from the birefringent crystal is deflected by 45 degrees, and the third half-wave plate is used to polarize the first polarized light after being deflected by the second magnetically rotating crystal. The direction is then deflected, and the first polarized light deflected by the second magnetically rotary crystal and the third half-wave plate is output to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein, after passing through the second magnetically rotary crystal and the third half-wave plate, The polarization direction of the first polarized light deflected by the third half-wave plate is the first polarization direction;

Deflecting the third polarized light in the polarization direction, the second magnetically rotating crystal is also used to polarize the third polarized light after being deflected by the third half-wave plate under the action of the second magnetic field. The direction is deflected another 45 degrees.

7. The optical transceiver according to claim 6, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component further includes a fourth half-wave plate; the second magnetically active crystal is also used to perform under the action of the second magnetic field, Deflect the polarization direction of the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal by 45 degrees, and the fourth half-wave plate is also used to redirect the polarization direction of the second polarized light after being deflected by the second magnetic rotary crystal. Deflection is performed, and the second polarized light deflected by the second magnetic optical rotator crystal and the fourth half-wave plate is transmitted to the polarization beam splitter, wherein, after passing through the second magnetic optical rotator crystal and the fourth half-wave plate, The polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the fourth half-wave plate is the first polarization direction.

8. The optical transceiver according to claim 2, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component specifically includes a third magnetic optical rotation crystal and a fourth magnetic optical rotation crystal; the third magnetic optical rotation crystal is used to deflect light from the birefringence. The polarization direction of the first polarized light of the crystal It is deflected 45 degrees in the direction, and the first polarized light deflected by the third magnetically rotary crystal is transmitted to the polarization beam splitter, wherein, the first polarized light deflected by the third magnetically rotary crystal is The polarization direction is the first polarization direction; it is also used to deflect the polarization direction of the third polarized light from the polarization beam splitter whose polarization direction is the second polarization direction by 45 degrees; the fourth magnetic rotation crystal is used Deflecting the polarization direction of the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal by 45 degrees, and transmitting the second polarized light deflected by the fourth magnetically rotating crystal to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein, The polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the fourth magnetically active crystal is the first polarization direction.

9. The optical transceiver according to claim 3, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component specifically includes a fifth magnetically rotary crystal and a fifth half-wave plate; the fifth magnetically rotary crystal is used to deflect light from the birefringence. The polarization direction of the first polarized light of the crystal is deflected by 45 degrees, and the first polarized light deflected by the fifth magnetically rotary crystal is transmitted to the polarizing beam splitter, wherein, after passing through the fifth magnetically rotary crystal The polarization direction of the deflected first polarized light is the first polarization direction; and is also used to deflect the polarization direction of the third polarized light from the polarization beam splitter by 45 degrees, the polarization direction of which is the second polarization direction; The fifth half-wave plate is used to deflect the polarization direction of the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal by 45 degrees, and transmit the second polarized light deflected by the fifth half-wave plate to the Polarizing beam splitter, wherein the polarization direction of the second polarized light deflected by the fifth half-wave plate is the first polarization direction.

10. The optical transceiver according to claim 2, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component further includes a magnetic ring, and the magnetic ring is used to provide a magnetic field for the magnetically active crystal.

11. The optical transceiver according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: the light emitting component is a light emitting device for emitting single wavelength light; or, the light emitting component includes a light emitting device for emitting light. Light emitting devices for light of multiple wavelengths, and wave combining devices for combining light of multiple wavelengths; The light-receiving component is a light-receiving device for receiving single-wavelength light; or, the light-receiving component includes a plurality of light-receiving devices for receiving single-wavelength light, and a light-receiving device for separating each wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths of light. Light wavelength splitting device.

12. A method of processing optical signals, characterized in that the method includes: using a birefringent crystal to decompose the incident light received by the optical interface into a first polarized light and a second polarized light whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other and transmitted in the same direction. Light; using a polarization deflection component to deflect at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal in the polarization direction, so that the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become The same first polarization direction; using a polarization beam splitter to reflect the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the polarization deflection component; using the light receiving component to receive the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the polarization beam splitter Polarized light; use the polarization beam splitter to transmit the third polarized light whose polarization direction is the second polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is perpendicular to the first polarization direction; use the polarization deflection component to deflect light from the The third polarized light of the polarization beam splitter is deflected in the polarization direction, wherein the third polarized light deflected by the polarization deflection component is located on the same straight line as the first polarized light incident on the polarization deflection component, The transmission direction is opposite and the polarization direction is the same; the birefringent crystal is used to receive the third polarized light from the polarization deflection component, and the received third polarized light is output to the optical interface.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that: the polarization deflection component is used to deflect at least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light from the birefringent crystal in the polarization direction. , making the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become the same first polarization direction, including: using the magnetic rotator crystal and the half-wave plate in the polarization deflection component to pair the third polarized light from the birefringent crystal. At least one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is deflected in the polarization direction, so that the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light become the same first polarization direction, wherein the magneto-rotating crystal pair The deflection angle of the polarization direction of the polarized light incident on the magnetically active crystal is 45 degrees.