WO2015079500A1 - Shearing device and blade - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a shearing device and blade capable of handling the cutting of material for tailored blanks by being designed to reduce cost and processing workload, improve material yield, and limit blade damage when cutting sheets as well as limiting the occurrence of twisting, out-of-plane bending, and in-plane bending in the cut sheet and improving the characteristics and dimensional precision of the cut surface of the material. The shearing device (10) is provided with a blade (11) for cutting a metal sheet, dies (12A, 12B) having a slit (48) through which the blade (11) passes, and a stripper plate (34) for clamping the sheet on the dies (12A, 12B). The shearing device cuts the sheet by punching a narrow piece having the same width as the blade (11) from the sheet. The side surfaces (11k) of the blade (11) that face the dies (12A, 12B) are provided with relief sections (11c), which are concave in the direction away from the sheet after cutting.

Description

Shearing device and blade

The present invention relates to a shearing device and a blade for punching and cutting a material constrained on a die by penetrating the blade through a slit provided in the die.

Conventionally, there has been a shearing device in which a plate material is disposed between a movable blade (upper blade) and a fixed die (lower blade), and the blade is pushed down to sandwich the plate material between the blade and the die and cut linearly. It is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-148348 A

A general shearing device shown in Patent Document 1 or the like has a structure in which a plate material is sandwiched between a pair of blades and a die and cut like a scissors, and is orthogonal to the cutting direction of the blades and the die. Since the direction clearance is large, the cut plate material is twisted, causing out-of-plane bending and in-plane bending of the plate material, and when the shear surface and fracture surface are formed on the cut surface of the plate material, As a result, the proportion of the fractured surface increases and the properties and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface are poor. For example, the accuracy of the Y straightness (straightness measured in the longitudinal direction of the cut surface) and the Z straightness (straightness measured in the thickness direction of the cut surface) are low. It is remarkable that the accuracy of the Y straightness and the Z straightness of the part cut off is lower than the part left behind.

Among these, in order to improve the Y straightness of the cut surface of the plate material, when the shearing process is performed again so that the cut-off portion of the plate material becomes a portion left by changing the direction of 180 °, the number of processing steps Led to an increase in material yield and a decrease in material yield.
In addition, if laser cutting processing is added to improve the dimensional accuracy of the cut surface after shearing processing, cost increases and processing time increases in terms of processing costs, facility costs, and power consumption.
Furthermore, in the formation of tailored blanks (pressed materials in which a plurality of plate materials having different thicknesses and materials, etc., are abutted and welded according to the purpose), the cut surfaces of the plate materials are butted together and welded In addition, a gap may be generated at the abutting portion, which may cause a reduction in bonding strength.

Therefore, if the clearance between the blade and the die is reduced in order to improve the Z straightness, the deformation heat generated in the cut surface during cutting of the plate material is transmitted to the blade by the contact between the blade and the cut surface, and chipping in the blade. Continuous processing becomes difficult due to occurrence of damage such as galling and seizure and increased wear.
The object of the present invention is to twist the cut material, bend out of the plane, and cause in-plane bending while reducing the cost and man-hour for cutting the plate material, improving the material yield, and suppressing damage to the blade. Another object of the present invention is to provide a shearing device and a blade capable of preventing the tailored blank material and improving the properties and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface of the material.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a shearing device of the present invention includes a blade for cutting a material, a die having a slit through which the blade passes, and a restraining tool for restraining the material on the die, The material is cut by punching a member having the same width as that of the blade, and a relief portion recessed in a direction away from the material after cutting is provided on a side surface of the blade facing the die.

According to this configuration, by providing a slit through which the blade penetrates on the die side and adopting a split type structure that cuts by punching out a member from the material, it supports the material that is bisected by cutting and left on the die side It is possible to suppress torsion, out-of-plane bending, and in-plane bending that occur in a material cut by a conventional shearing device.
In addition, by providing a relief part on the side of the blade, even if the clearance in the blade thickness direction between the blade and the die is reduced, contact between the blade and the material is only the cutting edge during or after cutting the material. , Like normal shearing and shearing, the heat generated by shearing during the cutting process is difficult to be transmitted to the side of the blade, so the temperature rise of the blade is very small and damage such as seizure occurs on the blade. Can be suppressed. Thereby, the property and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface after cutting the material can be improved.

If the properties and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface are improved, it is not necessary to perform laser cutting or the like after shearing, and costs and processing time can be reduced.
In addition, since the material is cut by punching a narrow member having the same width as the blade, the narrow punched member is not used, so there is no need to rework the material by changing the direction of the material by 180 ° with the shearing device. The number of processing steps can be reduced, and the material yield can be improved.

In the above configuration, the blade may be provided with a shear angle. According to this configuration, the maximum load required for cutting can be further reduced.
In the above configuration, the relief portion may be provided on both side surfaces of the blade. According to this configuration, it becomes difficult for the material to come into contact with both side surfaces of the blade during or after cutting of the material, and damage such as seizure can be suppressed from occurring on both side surfaces of the blade.
In the above configuration, an inner wall extending in the longitudinal direction of the slit may be formed to spread downward. According to this configuration, the cut member can be easily discharged from the slit.

The blade of the present invention is a blade used in a shearing device that constrains a material on a die having a slit through which the blade penetrates and cuts the material by punching a member having the same width as the blade. The side surface of the blade facing the die is provided with a relief portion recessed in a direction away from the material after cutting.
According to this configuration, by providing a slit through which the blade penetrates on the die side and adopting a split type structure that cuts by punching out a member from the material, it supports the material that is bisected by cutting and left on the die side It is possible to suppress torsion, out-of-plane bending, and in-plane bending that occur in a material cut by a conventional shearing device.
In addition, by providing a relief part on the side of the blade, even if the clearance in the blade thickness direction between the blade and the die is reduced, contact between the blade and the material is only the cutting edge during or after cutting the material. , Like normal shearing and shearing, the heat generated by shearing during the cutting process is difficult to be transmitted to the side of the blade, so the temperature rise of the blade is very small and damage such as seizure occurs on the blade. Can be suppressed. Thereby, the property and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface after cutting the material can be improved.

If the properties and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface are improved, it is not necessary to perform laser cutting or the like after shearing, and costs and processing time can be reduced.
In addition, since the material is cut by punching a narrow member having the same width as the blade, the narrow punched member is not used, so there is no need to rework the material by changing the direction of the material by 180 ° with the shearing device. The number of processing steps can be reduced, and the material yield can be improved.

The present invention comprises a blade for cutting a material, a die having a slit through which the blade passes, and a restraining tool for restraining the material on the die, and the material is cut by punching a member having the same width as the blade. In addition, since the side facing the die of the blade is provided with a relief portion that is recessed in the direction away from the material after cutting, by adopting a split type structure that cuts by punching a member from the material, the die is divided into two by cutting It becomes possible to support the material remaining on the side, and torsion, out-of-plane bending, and in-plane bending that occur in the material cut by the conventional shearing device can be suppressed.
In addition, by providing a relief part on the side of the blade, even if the clearance in the blade thickness direction between the blade and the die is reduced, contact between the blade and the material is only the cutting edge during or after cutting the material. , Like normal shearing and shearing, the heat generated by shearing during the cutting process is difficult to be transmitted to the side of the blade, so the temperature rise of the blade is very small and damage such as seizure occurs on the blade. Can be suppressed. Thereby, the property and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface after cutting the material can be improved.

If the properties and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface are improved, it is not necessary to perform laser cutting or the like after shearing, and costs and processing time can be reduced.
In addition, since the material is cut by punching a narrow member having the same width as the blade, the narrow punched member is not used, so there is no need to rework the material by changing the direction of the material by 180 ° with the shearing device. The number of processing steps can be reduced, and the material yield can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a shearing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the shearing device. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a shearing device. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the blade. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. FIG. 6 is a front view showing the die. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the clearance between the blade and the die. FIG. 9 is a first operation diagram for explaining the operation of the shearing device. FIG. 10 is a second action diagram illustrating the operation of the shearing device. FIG. 11 is an operation diagram showing a cutting state of a plate material, FIG. 11 (A) is an operation diagram showing a state before cutting, FIG. 11 (B) is an operation diagram showing a state during cutting, and FIG. 11 (C). These are operation diagrams showing the state after cutting. FIG. 12 is a front view showing the blade of the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a shearing device 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, in the shearing device 10 shown in FIG. 1, the front side for inserting the metal plate material to be cut is referred to as “the front portion of the shearing device 10”, and the rear side for discharging the cut plate material is referred to as “the shearing device”. 10 "rear part", the left side facing "the left part of the shearing apparatus 10", and the right side facing "the right part of the shearing apparatus 10".
A shearing device 10 is a press die that sandwiches a metal plate with a blade 11 as an upper blade and a pair of dies 12A and 12B (see FIG. 2) as a lower blade, and cuts (shears) them linearly. This type of processing machine.
Specifically, the shearing device 10 includes a die set 16 having a lifting mechanism that lifts and lowers the blade 11 side relative to the dies 12A and 12B, a fixing portion 17 attached to the lower portion of the die set 16, and an upper portion of the die set 16. A movable part 18 attached to the fixed part 17 and a plate material pressing part 19 supported on the upper part of the die set 16 so as to be movable up and down between the movable part 18.

The die set 16 is a mechanism that maintains the positional relationship between the movable portion 18 on the blade 11 that moves up and down and the fixed portion 17 on the fixed die 12A, 12B side.
Specifically, the die set 16 includes a lower die set plate 21 disposed at the lowermost part, a plurality of guide posts 22 attached to the lower die set plate 21, and an upper die set plate 23 disposed at the uppermost part. And a guide bush 24 comprising a plurality of cylinders, which are attached to the upper die set plate 23 and into which the guide posts 22 are inserted so as to be relatively movable.
The upper die set plate 23 and the guide bush 24 can be raised and lowered by, for example, a mechanical mechanism such as a crank mechanism included in a shearing facility (not shown) or a hydraulic mechanism with respect to the lower die set plate 21 and the guide post 22. It is configured.

The fixed portion 17 includes a die plate 27 attached to the lower die set plate 21 via a die packing plate 26, and dies 12A and 12B attached to substantially the center portion in the front-rear direction of the die plate 27.
The movable part 18 includes a blade plate 32 attached to the upper die set plate 23 via a blade packing plate 31, and a blade 11 attached to the center part in the front-rear direction of the blade plate 32.
The plate material pressing portion 19 is a portion that presses the plate material to be cut so as not to move during cutting. Specifically, the plate material holding portion 19 is configured to keep a predetermined distance between the stripper plate 34 applied to the plate material, a plurality of gas springs 36 that generate a pressing force that presses the stripper plate 34 against the plate material, and the blade plate 32 and the stripper plate 34. And a stripper bolt unit 45 to be set.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the shearing device 10. The upper part of the stripper bolt unit 45 in the drawing is incorporated in the upper die set plate 23 as shown in FIG. 3, but here it is separated from the upper die set plate 23 for convenience of explanation. Show.
The guide posts 22 are attached to the four corners of the lower die set plate 21 so as to extend upward, and are guided by guide bushes 24 inserted into guide bush insertion holes 23a formed in the four corners of the upper die set plate 23 so as to be movable. The portion 18 is guided so as to move up and down while being parallel to the fixed portion 17.

The die slit 27a of the die plate 27 is formed so as to extend in the left-right direction at the center in the front-rear direction of the die plate 27. The dies 12A and 12B are attached to the inner surface of the die slit 27a along the longitudinal direction of the die slit 27a. At both ends of the die plate 27, gas springs 43 accommodated in spring accommodating holes 17a formed in the fixing portion 17 are disposed. The upper end of the gas spring 43 protrudes upward from the upper surface of the die plate 27 and can be elastically supported when the stripper plate 34 is lowered. The gas spring 43 makes it easy to insert and position the plate material by slightly raising the plate material pressing portion 19 that has been lowered when the plate material is cut, by the elastic force when the movable portion 18 is lifted after the cutting of the plate material is finished.

The stripper plate 34 is provided with a stripper slit 34a formed so as to extend in the left-right direction at the center in the front-rear direction, and the blade 11 penetrates the stripper slit 34a when cutting the plate material. On the upper surface of the stripper plate 34, a plurality of gas springs 36 are disposed on both sides of the stripper slit 34a. The gas spring 36 includes a cylinder portion 36a attached to the stripper plate 34 and a rod portion 36b attached to the cylinder portion 36a so as to be movable. The rod portion 36b is urged upward by the gas pressure in the cylinder portion 36a, and the stripper plate 34 is pressed downward by the reaction force of this urging force.

The blade plate 32 has inner guide posts 44 extending downward at four corners. The inner guide posts 44 are provided so that they can be inserted into guide holes 34b opened at the four corners of the stripper plate 34 and fixed side guide holes 46 respectively opened in the lower die set plate 21, the die packing plate 26 and the die plate 27. It has been. Thus, the inner guide post 44 is movably inserted into the fixed guide hole 46, so that the blade plate 32, the stripper plate 34 of the movable portion 18, and the die plate 27 of the fixed portion 17 are accurately positioned in the horizontal direction. It can be performed.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the shearing device 10, in which a stopper bolt unit 45 included in the IIIB-IIIB line cross section is described instead of one gas spring 36 included in the IIIA-IIIA line cross section shown in FIG. Is.
The stripper bolt unit 45 includes a cylindrical collar 45a and a stripper bolt 45b inserted into the collar 45a. The stripper bolt unit 45 penetrates the upper die set plate 23 and the movable portion 18 and is screwed to the stripper plate 34. .
A head portion 45c of the stripper bolt 45b is disposed in a bolt head insertion hole 23c formed in the upper die set plate 23, and a shaft portion 45e of the stripper bolt 45b is inserted into the collar 45a.

The collar 45 a passes through a bolt insertion hole 23 d formed in the upper die set plate 23, a bolt insertion hole 31 d formed in the blade packing plate 31, and a bolt insertion hole 32 d formed in the blade plate 32.
The bolt head insertion hole 23c of the upper die set plate 23 has a larger diameter than the bolt insertion hole 23d, and the step 45e of the bolt head insertion hole 23c and the bolt insertion hole 23d has a head 45c of the stripper bolt 45b. The lower end is applied by the elastic force of the gas spring 36.
The male screw 45d of the stripper bolt 45b is formed on the stripper plate 34 and is screwed to the screw 34c. The collar 45a sets the stripper plate 34 and the blade plate 32 at a predetermined interval. That is, the lower limit position of the stripper plate 34 with respect to the blade plate 32 side is set.

The upper die set plate 23 is formed with a plurality of screw holes 23b in which female threads are formed, and screws 47 are screwed into the screw holes 23b.
The upper portion of the gas spring 36 passes through the movable portion 18, and the upper end of the rod portion 36 b is applied to the screw 47. Accordingly, the gas spring 36 is in contact with the stripper plate 34 and the screw 47 without any gap, and a downward elastic force of the gas spring 36 acts on the stripper plate 34 against the upper die set plate 23. The screw 47 is a component that receives the elastic force of each gas spring 36 and applies a stripper force that peels off the blade 11 from the plate material at the time of cutting.

The upper end of the blade 11 is applied to the blade packing plate 31, and an upward load acting on the blade 11 is supported by the blade packing plate 31.
The dies 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B are attached to inner side surfaces 27 b and 27 b of a die slit 27 a provided on the die plate 27 via spacers 51, respectively. The pair of dies 12A and 12B are separated by a predetermined distance, and a slit 48 through which the blade 11 passes is formed between the dies 12A and 12B.
A plurality of spacers 51 having different plate thicknesses are prepared, and the distance between one inner side surface 27b and the blade portion of the die 12A and the distance between the other inner side surface 27b and the blade portion of the die 12B are adjusted. This makes it possible to properly adjust the clearance between the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B (the clearance in the thickness direction of the blade 11 (the left-right direction in the drawing)).

The lower ends of the dies 12A and 12B are applied to the die packing plate 26, and the downward load acting on the dies 12A and 12B is supported by the die packing plate 26.
Lower slits 21 a and 26 a extending in the left-right direction are formed in the center portions of the lower die set plate 21 and the die packing plate 26 in the front-rear direction. The lower slits 21a and 26a are portions for dropping the elongated cut pieces after cutting the plate material.
The stripper slit 34 a of the stripper plate 34 is formed so that its width in the front-rear direction is slightly larger than the plate thickness of the blade 11. When the blade 11 penetrates the stripper slit 34a and cuts the plate material, the inner surface of the stripper slit 34a regulates the displacement (swing) in the plate thickness direction (horizontal direction) at the blade portion of the blade 11.
The shearing device 10 of the present embodiment includes a blade 11 and dies 12A and 12B provided with slits 48 through which the blade 11 passes, and the blade 11 cuts a plate material by punching a member having a slight width from the plate material. It has a (parting) structure.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the blade 11.
The blade 11 includes a base portion 11b having a plurality of mounting holes 11a through which bolts for mounting to the blade plate 32 (see FIG. 3) are passed, and is thinner than the base portion 11b and adjacent to the base portion 11b in the entire longitudinal direction. The formed escape portion 11c and the blade portion 11d formed at the tip of the escape portion 11c are a plate-like member formed integrally.
The escape portion 11 c has the same width B and extends in the substantially longitudinal direction of the blade 11.
The blade portion 11d has a shear angle θ and is inclined with respect to the plate material to be cut. The shear angle θ is set to 1 ° ≦ θ ≦ 4 °. When θ <1 °, the stroke of the blade 11 may be small, but the maximum cutting load is large. On the other hand, when θ> 4 °, the maximum cutting load is reduced, but the stroke required for cutting the blade 11 is increased, and the escape portion 11c of the blade 11 needs to be lengthened.

Thus, by providing the shear angle θ, the maximum cutting load can be further reduced, the stroke of the blade 11 can be reduced, and an increase in the size of the shearing device 10 (see FIG. 1) can be suppressed. The shear angle θ is determined from the length of the blade portion 11d of the blade 11 and the maximum cutting load.
As the material of the blade 11, alloy tool steel (SKD11 as a representative steel type), high speed tool steel (representative steel type SKH51), powder high speed tool steel (representative steel type SKH40), and super steel alloy (representative material V30) are suitable. . The blade 11 is coated with a coating for improving seizure resistance and wear resistance. As the coating, titanium carbonitride (TiCN) and titanium nitride aluminum (TiAlN) are suitable.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
The blade portion 11d of the blade 11 is a portion in a range from the tip surface 11e to the distance L of the blade 11, and the tip surface 11e and a blade portion side surface 11g extending at right angles from both ends of the tip surface 11e with respect to the tip surface 11e, 11g, and cutting edges 11f and 11f, which are ridge lines formed from the tip surface 11e and the blade side surfaces 11g and 11g. The distance L is a portion used as a reference when the blade 11 is processed, and is set to 0 to 1 mm. The symbol W in the figure is the distance between the cutting edges 11f and 11f, that is, the thickness of the blade 11.

Relief portions 11c, 11c formed on both side surfaces 11k, 11k of the blade 11, respectively, are inclined surfaces 11h, 11h extending from the ends of the blade side surfaces 11g, 11g to the center side of the blade 11, and inclined surfaces 11h, 11 h and 11 g of escape part side surfaces extended in parallel with the blade part side surfaces 11g and 11g from the edge part of 11h are provided. In the drawing, symbol α (α <90 °) is the inclination angle of the inclined surfaces 11h, 11h with respect to the tip surface 11e, and δ is the relief portion side surface with respect to the blade side surfaces 11g, 11g (that is, the cutting edges 11f, 11f) of the blade portion 11d. 11j and 11j are escaped amounts.
The reason for providing the relief portion 11c is to form a gap between the blade 11 after cutting the plate material and the plate material after cutting so that the cut surface of the plate material does not contact the blade 11. If the cutting surface of the plate material does not come into contact with the blade 11, the heat of the cutting surface that has become high due to the cutting becomes difficult to be transmitted to the blade 11, and damage such as seizing of the blade 11 is suppressed.

The inclination angle α is set to 85 ° <α <89 °. In the case of α ≦ 85 °, the angle of the cutting edge 11f becomes small, and there is a concern that both the compressive strength at the time of cutting the blade 11 and the tensile strength at the time of retraction are lowered. On the other hand, when α ≧ 89 °, the escape amount δ for avoiding contact between the parallel blade side surfaces 11g, 11g and the plate material is reduced, and the effect of preventing seizure is reduced.
The escape amount δ is set to 0.02 mm <δ <0.2 mm. After the plate material is cut, the cut portion of the plate material becomes narrower than the distance W between the cutting edges 11f and 11f of the blade 11 by the spring back, so that the cut surface and the side surfaces 11k and 11k of the blade 11 escape so as not to contact each other. Parts 11c and 11c are provided. The amount of springback depends on the deformation resistance of the plate material and on the thickness of the plate material. When the strength of the plate material is high and the plate thickness is thick, there is a possibility of contact between the blade 11 and the cut plate material when δ ≦ 0.02 mm. Further, when δ ≧ 0.2 mm, the thickness of the blade 11 is reduced and the strength is lowered. Therefore, in the range of 0.02 mm <δ <0.2 mm, contact between the blade 11 and the plate material does not occur. Is appropriate.

The plate thickness W of the blade 11 is as narrow as 3 to 5 mm. In this embodiment, in the conventional shearing device, when the cut plate material is cut by changing the direction of 180 °, in the present embodiment, when the plate material is cut by the blade 11, a plate material cut piece having a narrow width equal to the above width is provided. Since it is formed, the material yield can be increased.
Further, the cutting edge 11f is provided with a small roundness (so-called R chamfering) having a radius of about 0.1 mm. This roundness can stably form a shearing surface on the plate material and prevent chipping of the cutting edge 11f due to contact with the plate material when the blade 11 is retracted after cutting the plate material.

6 is a front view showing the die 12A, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the die 12B has a symmetrical shape with the die 12A, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6, the die 12 </ b> A is an elongated square member having a substantially rectangular cross section, and includes a plurality of bolt insertion holes 12 c through which bolts are passed when attached to the die plate 27 (see FIG. 3).
As shown in FIG. 7, the die 12A has a cutting edge 12f formed of an upper surface 12d and an inner surface 12e. The inner surface 12e is inclined with respect to the upper surface 12d by an acute angle β (β <90 °), and is formed thinner as it goes to the lower part of the die 12A.
The outer surface 12g facing the inner surface 12e is formed at a right angle to the upper surface 12d.
Thus, the reason why the inner side surface 12e is inclined is to make it easier for the elongated cut piece after the plate material is cut to fall.
As the material of the die 12A, alloy tool steel (representative steel type SKD11) is suitable.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the clearance between the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B.
In the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B, the clearance in the thickness direction of the blade 11, that is, the clearance between the cutting edge 11f of the blade 11 and the cutting edge 12f of the dies 12A and 12B is C.
In the shearing device, the quality and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface are important as the quality after the plate material is cut. The clearance described above greatly affects the properties and dimensional accuracy of such a cut surface.

For example, when the clearance is large, a large crack occurs in the cut portion at an early stage during cutting of the plate material, and the area of the fracture surface becomes larger than the shear surface of the cut surface, so that the cut surface becomes rough ( (The surface roughness decreases) and tilts greatly (reduced straightness measured in the thickness direction).
When the cut surface is greatly inclined, for example, in the formation of a tailored blank, when the cut surfaces of the steel plates are butted and welded, a gap is generated at the butted portion. As a result, when welding, defects or material shortages occur in the welded portion, which may lead to a decrease in bonding strength. Further, if the welding speed is slowed down in order to avoid the above-described defects in the welded portion and material shortage, the productivity will be lowered. Alternatively, for example, when a process for finishing the cut surface by laser cutting is added to correct the inclined cut surface, the cut surface becomes smooth, but the equipment cost and processing time increase, and the power consumption also increases.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, by reducing the clearance, the formation of the fracture surface is suppressed by generating a crack immediately after the end of cutting after forming the shearing surface when cutting the plate material. The majority of the cut surface can be a shear surface. Thereby, properties such as surface roughness and straightness of the shear surface and dimensional accuracy are improved, which is advantageous for manufacturing tailored blanks and the like. Further, since it is not necessary to add processing such as laser cutting processing, it is possible to achieve low cost, shortening of processing time, and power saving.
In the present embodiment, the clearance C can be further reduced by providing the relief portions 11 c and 11 c on the side surface of the blade 11. The conventional clearance between the blade and the die was 0.08 to 0.1 t, where t is the plate thickness of the plate material. In this embodiment, the clearance C is C ≦ 0.02 t, preferably 0. By setting .005t ≦ C ≦ 0.01t, it is possible to improve the quality of the cut surface without causing damage to the blade 11 such as increased wear, chipping, galling, and seizure.

The operation of the shearing apparatus 10 described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 9 is a first action diagram for explaining the operation of the shearing device 10, and FIG. 10 is a second action diagram for explaining the operation of the shearing device 10.
In FIG. 3, the blade portion 11 d provided on the lower edge of the blade 11 is disposed in the stripper slit 34 a of the stripper plate 34 before cutting the plate material.
In this state, the plate material is placed at a predetermined position on the die plate 27 and the dies 12A and 12B, and the blade 11 and the plate material pressing portion 19 included in the movable portion 18 are mounted together with the upper die set plate 23 as indicated by the white arrow. Lower.

FIG. 9 shows a state in which the plate material 60 is pressed by the stripper plate 34 of the lowered plate material pressing portion 19 and starts to be restrained. A pressing force due to the elastic force of the plurality of gas springs 36 acts on the plate member 60. In the drawing, the portion of the plate material 60 that is cut is shorter than the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B.
As the plate material 60, a steel material (cold rolled steel plate, hot rolled steel plate, high-tensile steel plate, stainless steel plate, etc.) or non-ferrous metal material (aluminum plate, aluminum alloy plate, copper plate, copper alloy plate, etc.) is used.

From the state of FIG. 9, the upper die set plate 23 and the blade 11 of the movable portion 18 are further lowered as shown by the white arrow, and the plate material 60 is sandwiched between the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B as shown in FIG. Disconnect with. At the time of this cutting, a plurality of gas springs 36 are contracted to generate a restraining force for pressing the plate member 60 so as not to be displaced along the upper surfaces of the die plate 27 and the dies 12A and 12B. Further, a cut piece 61 that has been punched by cutting and elongated in a width substantially equal to the thickness of the lower end of the blade 11 falls through the slit 48, the lower slit 26 a of the die packing plate 26, and the lower slit 21 a of the lower die set plate 21. Then, it is discharged out of the shearing device 10.

As described above, the punched cut piece 61 is bent and deformed in the longitudinal direction due to the shear angle of the blade 11, but a strong pressing pressure is applied to the plate member 60 by the gas spring 36 at the time of cutting. No warpage, twisting, out-of-plane bending, or in-plane bending (straightness in the longitudinal direction of the cut surface) occurs in both of the two plate members 60, 60 left by the above. Therefore, the cut plate members 60 and 60 can be formed with high quality, and can be sufficiently adapted to the production of tailored blanks that require high accuracy of the cut surface.

FIG. 11 is an operation diagram showing a cutting state of the plate member 60, FIG. 11 (A) is an operation diagram showing a state before cutting, FIG. 11 (B) is an operation diagram showing a state during cutting, and FIG. ) Is an action diagram showing a state after cutting.
As shown in FIG. 11A, the blade 11 is lowered in the stripper slit 34a of the stripper plate 34 as shown by an outline arrow. The stripper slit 34a is formed so that the inner surface width thereof is slightly larger than the distance W (see FIG. 5) between the cutting edges 11f and 11f of the blade 11, so that the vibration of the blade 11 in the thickness direction can be restricted. it can.
FIG. 11B shows a state in which the plate member 60 is being cut and immediately before the end of cutting. After the plate material 60 is sheared by the cutting edges 11f and 11f of the blade 11 and the shear surface 60b is formed on the cut surface 60a, a minute crack 60c is generated between the cutting edges 11f and 11f and the lower surface of the plate material 60. And breakage occurs. Since the crack is minute, the area of the fracture surface formed by the crack is minute.

The cutting edges 11f and 11f of the blade 11 can improve the dimensional accuracy of the cutting surface 60a of the plate 60 because the stripper slit 34a regulates the vibration in the blade thickness direction at the start of cutting and the initial stage of cutting. it can.
FIG. 11C shows a state after the cutting of the plate material 60 and immediately after the end of the cutting. Since the inner side surfaces 12e and 12e of the dies 12A and 12B are formed so as to spread downward, the cut piece 61 after being cut is smoothly dropped and discharged.

As shown in FIG. 11B, in the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B according to the present embodiment, most of the cut surface 60a of the plate 60 is obtained by reducing the clearance in the thickness direction of the blade 11. A smooth shear surface 60b can be formed, and the fracture surface due to the crack 60c can be further reduced.
11B and 11C, the side surface 11k of the blade 11 is recessed in a direction away from the cut surface 60a including the shearing surface 60b of the plate member 60, that is, a relief portion recessed toward the plate thickness center side of the blade 11. Since 11c is formed, the cutting surface 60a is less likely to come into contact with the blade 11 during and after the cutting of the plate member 60, and heat generated during cutting of the plate member 60 is less likely to be transmitted to the blade 11. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of damage such as seizure.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 5, and 10, the shearing apparatus 10 includes a blade 11 that cuts a metal plate 60 as a material, and a die having a slit 48 through which the blade 11 passes. 12A, 12B, and a stripper plate 34 as a restraining tool for restraining the plate material 60 on the dies 12A, 12B, and cut by punching a cut piece 61 as a member having the same width as the blade 11 from the plate material 60. The side surfaces 11k and 11k of the blade 11 facing the dies 12A and 12B are provided with relief portions 11c and 11c that are recessed in a direction away from the cut plate materials 60 and 60, respectively.

According to this configuration, a slit 48 through which the blade 11 penetrates is provided on the dies 12A and 12B side, and the cutting is performed by punching the cut piece 61 as a member from the plate member 60 as a material, thereby cutting. It is possible to support the plate members 60A and 60B that are bisected and left on the dies 12A and 12B side, and to suppress the torsion, out-of-plane bending, and in-plane bending that occur in the plate material cut by the conventional shearing device. it can.
Further, by providing the relief portion 11c on the side surface 11k of the blade 11, even if the clearance in the blade thickness direction between the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B is reduced, the blade 11 The contact with the plate materials 60A and 60B is only the cutting edge, and the heat of the shear deformation generated by the cutting process is not easily transmitted to the side surface of the blade 11 as in normal shearing or shearing. Since it is very small, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of damage such as seizure in the blade 11. Thereby, the property and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface 60a (refer FIG.11 (C)) after the cutting | disconnection of the board | plate material 60 can be improved.
If the properties and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface 60a are improved, it is not necessary to perform laser cutting after the shearing process, and costs and processing time can be reduced.
Further, since the cutting is performed by punching a member (cut piece 61) having the same width as the blade 11 from the plate member 60, the cut piece 61 punched with a narrow width is not used, so the direction of the material by the shearing device 10 is 180 °. It is not necessary to perform reworking by changing, and the number of processing steps can be reduced, and the material yield can be improved.

Further, since the slit 48 is formed by the pair of dies 12A and 12B and the blade 11 is passed through the slit 48, the plate member 60 is cut into two plate members 60A and 60B. Since a uniform cutting force is generated on the cutting edges 11f and 11f on both sides of the blade 11 (see FIG. 11B), compared to the conventional cutting using only the cutting edge on one side of the blade. In this embodiment, the displacement of the blade 11 in the plate thickness direction can be suppressed. As a result, the accuracy of straightness in the longitudinal direction of the cut surfaces 60a and 60a of the cut plate members 60A and 60B can be improved. Furthermore, the cut surfaces 60a and 60a of the two plate members 60A and 60B can be finished accurately and smoothly at the same time, and productivity can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, since the blade 11 has the shear angle θ, the maximum load necessary for cutting can be further reduced. Therefore, the shearing device 10 can be reduced in size, and the equipment cost can be suppressed.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, since the relief portions 11 c are provided on the both side surfaces 11 k and 11 k of the blade 11, it becomes difficult for the plate material 60 to contact the both side surfaces 11 k and 1 k of the blade 11 during or after the cutting of the plate material 60. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of damage such as seizure on both side surfaces 11k, 11k of the blade 11.
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, since the inner side surfaces 12e, 12e as inner walls extending in the longitudinal direction of the slit 48 are formed so as to spread downward, the cut piece 61 that has been cut can be easily discharged from the slit 48. .

4, 5, and 10, the plate member 60 is constrained on the dies 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B having the slits 48 through which the blade 11 passes, and the plate member 60 is cut to a plate member having the same width as the blade 11 (cutting). A blade 11 used in a shearing device 10 that is cut by punching a piece 61), and a relief portion 11c that is recessed in a direction away from the cut plate 60 on side surfaces 11k, 11k of the blade 11 facing the dies 12A, 12B. 11c is provided, so that a slit 48 through which the blade 11 penetrates is provided on the die 12A, 12B side, and a cutting type structure is employed in which cutting is performed by punching a cut piece 61 as a member from a plate material 60 as a material. It is possible to support the plate members 60A and 60B which are divided into two parts and remain on the dies 12A and 12B side. Torsion generated in cut sheet bend plane, it is possible to suppress the bending plane.
Further, by providing the relief portion 11c on the side surface 11k of the blade 11, even if the clearance in the blade thickness direction between the blade 11 and the dies 12A and 12B is reduced, the blade 11 The contact with the plate materials 60A and 60B is only the cutting edge, and the heat of the shear deformation generated by the cutting process is not easily transmitted to the side surface of the blade 11 as in normal shearing or shearing. Since it is very small, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of damage such as seizure in the blade 11. Thereby, the property and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface 60a (refer FIG.11 (C)) after the cutting | disconnection of the board | plate material 60 can be improved.

If the properties and dimensional accuracy of the cut surface 60a are improved, it is not necessary to perform laser cutting after the shearing process, and costs and processing time can be reduced.
Further, since the cutting is performed by punching a member (cut piece 61) having the same width as the blade 11 from the plate member 60, the cut piece 61 punched with a narrow width is not used, so the direction of the material by the shearing device 10 is 180 °. It is not necessary to perform reworking by changing, and the number of processing steps can be reduced, and the material yield can be improved.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 12 is a front view showing the blade 71 of the second embodiment. The same components as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
The blade 71 has a base portion 71b having a plurality of mounting holes 11a through which bolts for mounting to the blade plate 32 (see FIG. 3) are passed, and is thinner than the base portion 71b adjacent to the base portion 71b and in the entire longitudinal direction. The formed escape portion 71c and the blade portion 11d formed at the tip of the escape portion 71c are a plate-like member formed integrally.

The escape portion 11c has an upper edge 71e formed in parallel to the upper end surface 71f that is horizontal to the blade 71, and is provided with a shear angle θ that is an angle of the blade portion 11d with respect to the upper end surface 71f.
Therefore, the width of the other end is narrower than one end of the escape portion 11c.
The relief portion 11c has a minimum width (minimum width in the cutting direction (vertical direction)) of B1, and is recessed from the blade portion side surfaces 11g and 11g (see FIG. 5) of the blade portion 11d toward the plate thickness center side of the blade 11. Part. The minimum width B1 is set larger than the plate thickness of the plate material to be cut.
Thus, by making the upper edge 71e of the escape portion 71c horizontal, the area of the escape portion 71c of the blade 71 can be further reduced, and the rigidity of the blade 71 can be increased.

The above-described embodiment is merely an aspect of the present invention, and can be arbitrarily modified and applied without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the relief portions 11 c are provided on both side surfaces of the blade 11, but this is not limiting, and the relief portion 11 c may be provided only on one side surface of the blade 11. .
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the inner surface 12e of the die 12A is inclined by an angle β with respect to the upper surface 12d. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plane parallel to the outer surface 12g is formed from the end of the upper surface 12d. You may do it. Further, an inclined surface that approaches the outer surface 12g side from the lower end of the plane parallel to the outer surface 12g may be formed, and the other die may be formed in the same manner, so that the lower portions of the inner surfaces of the pair of dies are expanded downward.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the die packing plate 26 is provided in the fixed portion 17 and the blade packing plate 31 is provided in the movable portion 18, but not limited thereto, the die packing plate 26 and the blade packing plate 31 are provided. It is not necessary.
As shown in FIG. 2, the gas springs 43 are provided at both ends of the die plate 27. However, instead of the gas springs 43, an elastic member such as a coil spring may be arranged to float the plate material.

10 Shearing device 11, 71 Blade 11c, 71c Escape part 11k Side surface 12A, 12B Die 12e Inner side surface (inner wall)
34 Stripper plate (restraint)
48 Slit 60 Plate (Material)
61 Cutting piece (narrow member)

Claims (5)

1. A blade for cutting the material; a die having a slit through which the blade passes; and a restraining tool for restraining the material on the die; and cutting the material by punching a member having the same width as the blade. A shearing device comprising a relief portion recessed in a direction away from the material after cutting on a side surface of the blade facing the die.
2. The shearing device according to claim 1, wherein a shear angle is provided in the blade.
3. The shearing device according to claim 1, wherein the relief portion is provided on both side surfaces of the blade.
4. The shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inner wall extending in a longitudinal direction of the slit is formed to spread downward.
5. A blade used in a shearing device for constraining a material on a die having a slit through which the blade passes, and cutting the material by punching a member having the same width as the blade,
   A blade having a relief portion recessed in a direction away from the material after cutting on a side surface of the blade facing the die.

Images