WO2015078371A1 - 一种w型聚焦式太阳能吸热器 - Google Patents

一种w型聚焦式太阳能吸热器 Download PDF

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WO2015078371A1
WO2015078371A1 PCT/CN2014/092259 CN2014092259W WO2015078371A1 WO 2015078371 A1 WO2015078371 A1 WO 2015078371A1 CN 2014092259 W CN2014092259 W CN 2014092259W WO 2015078371 A1 WO2015078371 A1 WO 2015078371A1
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heat
absorbing
reflecting surface
chamber
absorption chamber
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PCT/CN2014/092259
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English (en)
French (fr)
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党安旺
谭新华
陈婷
马迎召
王伟
刘红
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湘电集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2015078371A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015078371A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/80Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors having discontinuous faces
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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  • the invention relates to the field of solar energy applications, and more particularly to a W-type focusing solar heat absorber.
  • solar energy absorbers are required to collect and convert solar energy into heat.
  • the heat absorbing coils of the current heat absorber are evenly distributed throughout the heat absorbing chamber to absorb as much as possible of all the solar energy that is irradiated into the heat absorbing chamber.
  • the sunlight that is irradiated to the heat absorber is the sunlight that is focused by the mirror, the heat absorbing coil located at the bottom of the heat absorbing chamber (especially the heat absorbing coil at the bottom intermediate position) is heated more. Easy to burn.
  • the present invention provides a W-type focusing solar heat absorber to prevent the heat absorbing coil located at the bottom of the heat absorbing chamber from being burnt due to excessive heat.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a W-type focusing solar heat absorber includes: a casing, a heat absorbing cavity located inside the casing, and a heat absorbing coil attached to a sidewall of the heat absorbing cavity, further comprising: disposed in the heat absorbing cavity a bottom portion of the reflective device that uniformly reflects the sunlight that illuminates the bottom of the heat absorbing chamber to the side wall of the heat absorbing chamber Set.
  • the heat sink further comprises: a bottom plate located below the outer casing to fix the outer casing.
  • the reflecting device comprises: a curved rotating reflective surface
  • the arc-shaped rotating reflecting surface is formed by rotating a curved line that meets the requirements around the central axis of rotation;
  • the inner normal direction of any point on the arc-shaped rotating reflecting surface on the same side points to the edge of the corresponding heat-absorbing chamber inlet or to the side of the heat-absorbing tube as required.
  • the reflecting device further comprises: a support arm disposed at a center of the heat absorption chamber;
  • One end of the support arm is connected to a tip end of the curved reflecting surface
  • the other end of the support arm extends through the heat absorption chamber and the outer casing and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate.
  • a nut is embedded in the tip end of the curved reflecting surface
  • One end of the support arm is provided with a thread and is connected to the curved reflecting surface by the nut.
  • a heat absorbing coil is attached below the curved reflecting surface to prevent the reflecting device from overheating.
  • a heat insulating material is filled between the outer casing and the heat absorption chamber.
  • a transparent glass plate for preventing external contaminants from entering the heat absorption chamber is disposed above the cavity of the heat absorption chamber, and the convective heat loss is reduced.
  • a periphery of the cavity of the heat absorption chamber is provided with a ceramic protective cover for reflecting sunlight to the heat absorption chamber.
  • the present invention provides a W-type focusing solar heat absorber as compared with the prior art.
  • the heat absorber comprises: a casing, a heat absorption chamber, and a heat absorbing coil attached to the sidewall of the heat absorption chamber.
  • the bottom of the heat absorption chamber of the heat absorber is provided with a reflecting device for uniformly reflecting the sunlight irradiated to the bottom of the heat absorption chamber to the side wall of the heat absorption chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a W-type focusing solar heat absorber according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view showing the connection of a reflecting device of a W-type focusing solar heat absorber of the present invention.
  • the heat flux density in the heat absorbing cavity of the focusing solar heat absorber is such that the intermediate heat flux is the highest and gradually decreases in the radial direction. Therefore, the heat absorbing coil located at the intermediate position of the heat absorbing chamber is more likely to be burnt due to more heat.
  • the present invention discloses a novel focused solar thermal absorber.
  • the heat absorber includes: a casing 1, a heat absorption chamber 2 located inside the casing 1, and a bottom portion disposed at the bottom of the heat absorption chamber 2, and uniformly reflects the sunlight irradiated to the bottom of the heat absorption chamber 2 to absorb heat.
  • the heat absorbing coil 3 is attached to the side wall of the heat absorbing cavity, and the heat absorbing coil is divided into two inner and outer layers, and a heat absorbing medium flows inside, and the heat absorbing medium is heated under the irradiation of solar energy. , thereby converting solar energy into heat.
  • the reflecting device comprises: a curved reflecting surface 4, and the curved reflecting surface 4 is formed by rotating a matching curve around a central axis of rotation.
  • the curved reflecting surfaces 4 have the same tip end and are fixedly connected by bolts, and the periphery of the curved reflecting surface 4 is connected to the bottom edge of the heat absorbing chamber 2.
  • the curved reflecting surface 4 can uniformly reflect the sunlight onto the side wall of the heat absorbing cavity 2 corresponding to the curved reflecting surface 4, thereby avoiding the solar tube.
  • a heat absorbing coil 3 is arranged below the curved reflecting surface 4 for absorbing the heat transferred from the reflecting device, reducing the temperature of the reflecting device and improving the utilization of the solar energy.
  • the reflecting device further includes: a support arm 5 disposed at a central position of the heat absorption chamber 2.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a connection diagram of a reflecting device of a W-type focusing solar heat absorber of the present invention.
  • One end of the support arm 5 is connected to the tip end of the curved reflecting surface 4, and the other end penetrates through the heat absorbing chamber 2 of the heat absorber and the outer casing 1, and is connected to the bottom plate 6 located below the outer casing.
  • the bottom plate 6 and the outer casing 1 are each provided with a threaded hole and connected by a bolt 7 matching the threaded hole.
  • the tip end of the curved reflecting surface 4 is embedded with a nut 8 which can be connected to the tip through a thread disposed at one end of the supporting arm 5 to achieve a fixed curved reflecting surface.
  • a transparent glass plate 9 is further disposed above the heat absorption chamber 2.
  • the space between the heat absorption chamber 2 and the outer casing 1 is also filled with the heat insulating material 10 to avoid heat exchange between the heat absorption chamber 2 and the external environment as much as possible.
  • an arc mirror (not shown) may be disposed above the outer casing of the heat absorber, and the sunlight is reflected by the curved mirror to form a concentrated solar beam to be irradiated into the heat absorption chamber 2 .
  • the heat sink further includes: a ceramic protective cover 11 disposed on both sides of the cavity of the heat absorption chamber 2.
  • the opening of the ceramic protective sleeve 11 faces the direction of the curved mirror, and the opening angle of the ceramic cover of the heat absorber is designed according to the angle of the opening angle of the curved mirror, and is used for reflecting the opening without directly entering the heat absorption cavity
  • the sunlight on the heat sink cover is reflected twice into the heat absorption chamber 2.
  • the transparent glass plate 9 introduced above is disposed between the ceramic protective cover 11 and the outer casing 1, and the ceramic protective cover 1, the transparent glass plate 9 and the outer casing 1 are provided with threaded ports, and the three are fixedly connected by bolts 12. .
  • a heat absorbing coil is usually arranged in the heat absorbing cavity of the conventional heat absorber, and the pipeline is relatively Long, reducing the utilization of solar energy.
  • a plurality of heat absorbing coils are disposed in the heat absorbing cavity 2 of the heat absorbing device, and the plurality of heat absorbing coils independently exchange heat with each other, which is favorable for uniform temperature in the cavity. Increased solar energy utilization.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器,包括:外壳(1)、吸热腔(2)以及附着在吸热腔(2)的侧壁上的吸热盘管(3)。吸热器的吸热腔(2)的底部设置有反射装置(4),用于将照射到吸热腔(2)的底部的太阳光均匀反射到吸热腔(2)的侧壁上,保证了太阳能的利用率,避免了位于吸热腔(2)底部的吸热盘管(3)因受热过多而烧毁。

Description

一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器
本申请要求于2013年11月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201310629160.8、发明名称为“一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能应用领域,更具体的说是涉及一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器。
背景技术
由于常规能源的短缺和常规能源所带来的污染,太阳能作为一种无污染和可无限利用的资源,得到了世界各国的重视。
目前,人们已经在各个技术领域对太阳能的利用展开了深入的研究,比如:太阳能发电站、太阳能高温熔炉等。无论在任何太阳能应用领域中,都需要采用太阳能吸热器对太阳能进行采集,并转化为热能。
为了提高太阳能的利用率,当前吸热器的吸热盘管都是均匀的分布在整个吸热腔内,以尽可能的吸收照射到吸热腔内的全部太阳能。然而,由于照射到吸热器的太阳光为经过反射镜聚焦后的太阳光,因而位于吸热腔的底部的吸热盘管(尤其是位于底部中间位置的吸热盘管)受热较多,容易烧毁。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器,以避免位于吸热腔的底部的吸热盘管因受热过多而烧毁。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器,包括:外壳、位于所述外壳内部的吸热腔以及附着在所述吸热腔的侧壁上的吸热盘管,还包括:设置于吸热腔的底部,将照射到所述吸热腔的底部的太阳光均匀反射到所述吸热腔的侧壁的反射装 置。
优选的,所述吸热器还包括:位于所述外壳下方,固定所述外壳的底板。
优选的,所述反射装置包括:弧形旋转反射面;
其中,所述弧形旋转反射面由符合要求的弧形线绕旋转中心轴旋转形成;
同一侧的弧形旋转反射面上的任意一点的内法线方向都指向对应吸热腔进口的边沿或根据要求指向吸热管侧。
优选的,所述反射装置还包括:设置于所述吸热腔的中心的支撑臂;
所述支撑臂的一端与所述弧形反射面的尖端相连;
所述支撑臂的另一端贯穿所述吸热腔和所述外壳,并与所述底板固定连接。
优选的,所述弧形反射面的尖端内嵌有螺母;
所述支撑臂的一端设置有螺纹,并通过所述螺母与所述弧形反射面相连。
优选的,所述弧形反射面的下方附着有吸热盘管,防止反射装置过热。
优选的,所述外壳和所述吸热腔的之间填充有绝热材料。
优选的,所述吸热腔的腔口上方设置有,用于防止外部污染物进入所述吸热腔的透明玻璃板,同时降低对流热量损失。
优选的,所述吸热腔的腔口周边设置有用于将太阳光反射到所述吸热腔的陶瓷保护套。
经由上述的技术方案可知,与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器。该吸热器包括:外壳、吸热腔以及附着在吸热腔侧壁上的吸热盘管。其中,该吸热器的吸热腔的底部设置有反射装置,用于将照射到吸热腔底部的太阳光均匀反射到吸热腔的侧壁上。这样,既保证了太阳能的利用率,又避免了位于吸热腔底部的吸热盘管因受热过多而烧毁。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本发明一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器的结构示意图;
图2示出了本发明一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器的反射装置的连接图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
聚焦型太阳能吸热器的吸热腔内的热流密度的分布规律为:中间热流密度最高,沿径向逐渐降低。因而,位于吸热腔中间位置的吸热盘管由于受热较多,容易烧毁。为此,本发明公开了一种新型的聚焦型太阳能吸热器。
参见图1示出了本发明一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器的结构示意图。在本实施例中,该吸热器包括:外壳1、位于外壳1内部的吸热腔2、设置于吸热腔2的底部,将照射到吸热腔2底部的太阳光均匀反射到吸热腔2侧壁上的反射装置。其中,在吸热腔的侧壁上附着吸热盘管3,该吸热盘管分为内外两层,且内部流动有吸热工质,该吸热工质在太阳能的照射下温度升高,从而将太阳能转换为热能。
需要说明的是,该反射装置包括:弧形反射面4,且弧形反射面4由符合要求的曲线绕旋转中心轴旋转而成。该弧形反射面4具有相同的尖端,且通过螺栓固定连接,弧形反射面4的周边均与吸热腔2的底部边缘相连。这样,当太阳光照射到弧形反射面4时,弧形反射面4可将太阳光均匀反射到位于该弧形反射面4相对应的吸热腔2的侧壁上,从而避免了太阳管对吸热盘管3的直接照射。
另外,在弧形反射面4的下方同样布置有吸热盘管3,用于吸收反射装置传递过来的热量,降低反射装置的温度,同时提高了太阳能的利用率。
在实际的工艺设计中,为了固定该弧形反射面4。该反射装置还包括:设置于吸热腔2中心位置的支撑臂5。
参见图2示出了本发明一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器的反射装置的连接图。
该支撑臂5的一端与弧形反射面4的尖端相连,另一端贯穿吸热器的吸热腔2和外壳1,并与位于外壳下方的底板6相连。其中底板6和外壳1上均设置有螺纹孔,并通过与该螺纹孔相匹配的螺栓7相连。
需要说明的是,在本实施例中,弧形反射面4的尖端出内嵌有螺母8,该支撑臂5可通过设置在支撑臂5一端的螺纹与该尖端相连,达到固定弧形反射面4的目的。
可选的,为了防止吸热腔2内的热量向外扩散,提高太阳能的利用率,同时防止外部的污染物比如:灰尘,进入吸热腔2,对吸热腔2造成损害。在本发明中,该吸热腔2的上方还设置有透明玻璃板9。同时,在位于吸热腔2和外壳1之间的空间中还填充有绝热材料10,以尽可能的避免吸热腔2与外界环境发生热交换。
需要说明的是,为了将更多的太阳光照射到吸热腔2内。可选的在该吸热器的外壳上方还可设置一个弧形反射镜(图中未画出),太阳光经弧形反射镜的反射后,形成聚集的太阳光束照射到吸热腔2内。
然而,由于在实际的制作过程中,由于加工工艺的原因,该型反射镜在加工上出现误差,导致部分通过弧形反射镜反射的太阳光并没有直接照射到吸热腔2内。为此,在本发明中,该吸热器还包括:设置在吸热腔2的腔口两侧的陶瓷保护套11。
其中,该陶瓷保护套11的开口朝向曲面反射镜的方向,并根据曲面反射镜的张角大小来设计吸热器陶瓷保护套的张口角,用于把没有直接进入吸热腔口而反射到吸热器保护套上的太阳光二次反射入吸热腔2中。其中,上述介绍的透明玻璃板9设置于陶瓷保护套11和外壳1之间,且该陶瓷保护套1、透明玻璃板9和外壳1上均设置有螺纹口,三者通过螺栓12固定连接相连。
需要说明的是,传统的吸热器的吸热腔内通常布置一条吸热盘管,管路较 长,降低了太阳能的利用率。相对与传统的吸热器,在本发明中,吸热器的吸热腔2中布置有多条吸热盘管,多条吸热盘管彼此间独立换热,有利于腔内温度均匀,提高了太阳能的利用率。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种W型聚焦式太阳能吸热器,包括:外壳、位于所述外壳内部的吸热腔以及附着在所述吸热腔的侧壁上的吸热盘管,其特征在于,还包括:设置于吸热腔的底部,将照射到所述吸热腔的底部的太阳光均匀反射到所述吸热腔的侧壁的反射装置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述吸热器还包括:位于所述外壳下方,固定所述外壳的底板。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述反射装置包括:弧形旋转反射面;
    其中,所述弧形旋转反射面由符合要求的弧形线绕旋转中心轴旋转形成;
    同一侧的弧形旋转反射面上的任意一点的内法线方向都指向对应吸热腔进口的边沿或根据要求指向吸热管侧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述反射装置还包括:设置于所述吸热腔的中心的支撑臂;
    所述支撑臂的一端与所述弧形反射面的尖端相连;
    所述支撑臂的另一端贯穿所述吸热腔和所述外壳,并与所述底板固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述弧形反射面的尖端内嵌有螺母;
    所述支撑臂的一端设置有螺纹,并通过所述螺母与所述弧形反射面相连。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述弧形反射面的下方附着有吸热盘管,防止反射装置过热。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述外壳和所述吸热腔的之间填充有绝热材料。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述吸热腔的腔口上方设置有,用于防止外部污染物进入所述吸热腔的透明玻璃板,同时降低对流热量损失。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的吸热器,其特征在于,所述吸热腔的腔口周边设置有用于将太阳光反射到所述吸热腔的陶瓷保护套。
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