WO2015074473A1 - 一种瞬变电磁法的接地网断点诊断方法 - Google Patents

一种瞬变电磁法的接地网断点诊断方法 Download PDF

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WO2015074473A1
WO2015074473A1 PCT/CN2014/089307 CN2014089307W WO2015074473A1 WO 2015074473 A1 WO2015074473 A1 WO 2015074473A1 CN 2014089307 W CN2014089307 W CN 2014089307W WO 2015074473 A1 WO2015074473 A1 WO 2015074473A1
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Prior art keywords
resistivity
transient electromagnetic
breakpoint
grounding grid
point
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯兴哲
伏进
王谦
鲍明晖
吴高林
唐世宇
籍勇亮
陈伟
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Priority to US14/897,501 priority Critical patent/US9651604B2/en
Publication of WO2015074473A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015074473A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power system grounding grid breakpoint diagnosis, and more particularly to a grounding grid breakpoint diagnosis method of a transient electromagnetic method.
  • grounding grid The complete reliability of the grounding grid is a necessary guarantee for the safe operation of the circuit system.
  • the conductors constituting the grounding grid are buried in the ground.
  • the conductors are often broken due to poor welding, leakage welding or soil corrosion during construction, causing the grounding grid to vent. Declining performance not only threatens equipment and personal safety, but also brings huge economic losses and social impact.
  • the current grounding network fault diagnosis technology is mainly based on circuit theory, field path method, non-destructive testing method and electrochemical method. These methods either rely on the grounding grid design and construction drawings, or require the substation to be powered off. Therefore, seek a kind of no
  • the new diagnostic methods and devices that rely on the grounding grid design data and can realize non-excavation and non-blackout are urgent technical problems that need to be solved in the complete economic production of the power system.
  • the present invention provides a method for diagnosing a grounding grid breakpoint of a transient electromagnetic method to overcome the prior art.
  • the current grounding grid fault diagnosis technology is mainly based on circuit theory, field path method, non-destructive testing method and electricity. Chemical methods, these methods either rely on the design and construction drawings of the grounding grid, or require power outages in the substation, resulting in the inability to protect personal safety and economic losses.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a grounding network breakpoint diagnosis method based on a transient electromagnetic detecting device, comprising a transmitting system and a receiving system, the transmitting system comprising a battery pack, a transmitter and a transmitting coil, wherein the receiving system comprises a receiver and a receiving coil, wherein Two ends of the transmitting coil are respectively connected to a current output end of the transmitter, and a positive pole of the battery pack is connected to a power supply positive end of the transmitter, the battery pack a negative pole is connected to the negative end of the transmitter; the two ends of the receiving coil are respectively connected to the signal acquisition line of the receiver, and the method includes:
  • the transient electromagnetic detecting device performs measurement point by point along the test line to obtain measurement data
  • the longitudinal resistivity sectional view of the test data formed by using the mapping software to form the test point by using the preset data is specifically:
  • determining whether the test point has a breakpoint according to the longitudinal resistivity sectional view is:
  • the magnitude of the resistivity at each measuring point on the resistivity sectional view depends on the coupling state of the downwardly propagating electromagnetic signal and the grounding grid when the transient electromagnetic detecting device is located at the measuring point position;
  • the grounding grid conductor If there is no breakpoint in the grounding grid, the resistivity of the grounding grid conductor is large on the resistivity cross-section, and the resistivity of the measuring point on both sides of the grounded grid conductor is small, then the grounding grid is determined to be intact;
  • the resistivity of the grounding grid conductor with a breakpoint on the resistivity profile is small, and the resistivity at the measuring point on both sides of the conductor is large, then the grounding grid is determined to exist. Breakpoint.
  • the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are arranged as a central loop device.
  • the transmitter generates a bipolar rectangular pulse current, and a pulse magnetic field is established by the transmitting coil.
  • the receiving coil observes the induced secondary eddy current field and stores it in the receiver in the form of a secondary voltage signal.
  • the present invention discloses a grounding network breakpoint diagnosis method based on a transient electromagnetic detecting device, which comprises: setting a test on a grounding network position on the ground to be diagnosed. Measuring a line, determining coordinate of the measuring point; acquiring coordinate information of the measuring point, and matching a center of the transient electromagnetic detecting device with the coordinate of the measuring point; the transient electromagnetic detecting device is point by point along the test line Performing measurement to obtain measurement data; using the preset formula to form a longitudinal resistivity sectional view of the test point by using a mapping software; determining whether the test point has a breakpoint according to the longitudinal resistivity sectional view.
  • the method does not depend on the grounding grid design data, and can realize the grounding network breakpoint diagnosis of non-excavation and non-blackout, which reduces the economic loss of the diagnosis process.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a grounding network breakpoint diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a transient electromagnetic detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a grounding network disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a bipolar rectangular pulse current generated by a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a relative position of a coil device and an intact grounding net according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of a coil device and a grounding grid having a breakpoint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention discloses a grounding grid breakpoint diagnosis method, which is based on a transient electromagnetic detecting device.
  • the method comprises: setting a test line on a grounding network position to be diagnosed on the ground, determining a measuring point coordinate; acquiring the measuring point coordinate Information, the center of the transient electromagnetic detecting device is coincident with the coordinates of the measuring point; the transient electromagnetic detecting device performs measurement point by point along the test line to obtain measurement data; and the measurement data is used in advance
  • Let the formula use the mapping software to form a longitudinal resistivity sectional view of the test point; and determine whether the test point has a breakpoint according to the longitudinal resistivity sectional view.
  • the method does not rely on the grounding grid design data, and can realize the grounding network breakpoint diagnosis of non-excavation and non-blackout, which reduces the economic loss of the diagnosis process.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a grounding network breakpoint diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic structural view of a transient electromagnetic detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a method for diagnosing a grounding grid breakpoint, which is based on a transient electromagnetic detecting device, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the structure includes a transmitting system and a receiving system, and the transmitting system includes a battery pack 1, and the transmitting system
  • the method steps specifically include:
  • Step 101 setting a test line on a grounding network location to be diagnosed on the ground to determine a coordinate of the measuring point;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a grounding network disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step 102 Acquire the coordinate information of the measuring point, and overlap the center of the transient electromagnetic detecting device with the coordinate of the measuring point;
  • Step 103 The transient electromagnetic detecting device performs measurement point by point along the test line to obtain measurement data.
  • the integrated coil device composed of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the transient electromagnetic detecting device should have its center coincident with the measuring point and be measured point by point along the measuring line.
  • Step 104 Using the preset formula to form a longitudinal resistivity sectional view of the test point by using the mapping software;
  • the step specifically includes:
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a bipolar rectangular pulse current generated by a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the horizontal axis is time (t) coordinates, and the number axis is current (I) coordinates.
  • T time
  • I current
  • I is the rectangular pulse current value emitted by the transmitter
  • a is the radius of the transmitting coil
  • ⁇ is the uniform half-space magnetic permeability, and its value is approximately 4 ⁇ 10 -7 H/m
  • u is the transient field parameter
  • the above parameters are the same as those of the parameters appearing in the following formula, and the same parameters will not be described again.
  • Step 105 Determine whether a breakpoint occurs in the test point according to the longitudinal resistivity sectional view.
  • the step specifically includes:
  • the magnitude of the resistivity at each measuring point on the resistivity sectional view depends on the coupling state of the downwardly propagating electromagnetic signal and the grounding grid when the transient electromagnetic detecting device is located at the measuring point position;
  • the grounding grid conductor If there is no breakpoint in the grounding grid, the resistivity of the grounding grid conductor is large on the resistivity cross-section, and the resistivity of the measuring point on both sides of the grounded grid conductor is small, then the grounding grid is determined to be intact;
  • the resistivity of the grounding grid conductor with a breakpoint on the resistivity profile is small, and the resistivity at the measuring point on both sides of the conductor is large, then the grounding grid is determined to exist. Breakpoint.
  • the method for diagnosing a grounding grid breakpoint disclosed in this embodiment is based on a transient electromagnetic detecting device, the method comprising: setting a test line on a grounding ground position to be diagnosed on the ground, determining a measuring point coordinate; acquiring the measuring point Coordinate information, the center of the transient electromagnetic detecting device is coincident with the coordinate of the measuring point; the transient electromagnetic detecting device performs measurement point by point along the test line to obtain measurement data; and the measurement data is adopted
  • the preset formula forms a longitudinal resistivity sectional view of the test point by using the mapping software; and determines whether the test point has a breakpoint according to the longitudinal resistivity sectional view.
  • the method does not depend on the grounding grid design data, and can realize the grounding network breakpoint diagnosis of non-excavation and non-blackout, reducing The ground network diagnoses economic losses.
  • the transmitting coil 3 and the receiving coil 4 are arranged as a central loop device, and the transmitting coil 3 and the receiving coil 4 can be arranged as concentric integrated coils, and the transmitting coil and the The receiving coil is not connected.
  • the center of the transient electromagnetic coil device of Figure 2 is measured along the test line, and the center of the center loop device coincides with the measurement point for each measurement.
  • the transmitter 2 generates a bipolar rectangular pulse current, and a pulse magnetic field is established by the transmitting coil 3.
  • the receiving coil 4 observes the induced secondary eddy current field and stores it in the receiver in the form of a secondary voltage signal.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the coil device and the intact grounding net according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is the relative position of the coil device and the grounding net with the breakpoint according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • schematic diagram The center loop device of Figures 5 and 6 measures along the test line, and the center of the center loop device coincides with the measurement point for each measurement.
  • the measuring point No. 8 is located directly above the conductor of a section of the ground net, and the distance between two adjacent measuring points in the measuring point of No. 3-13 is 20 cm, and the distance between two adjacent measuring points in the measuring points of No. 1-3 and No. 13-15 40cm; when the grounding grid is intact, if the integrated coil device is located in the two grounding grid closed grids ABED, BCFE, the downwardly propagating electromagnetic signal is mainly coupled with the closed small grid, and the coupling is strong, and the resistivity cross section is shown. It shows that the resistivity is low.
  • the integrated coil device is located above the grounding grid conductor BE, the downwardly propagating electromagnetic signal is coupled with the two small grids, and the eddy current formed on the BE segment of the conductor flows in the opposite direction, weakening
  • the degree of coupling shows a high resistivity in the resistivity cross-section. Therefore, in the longitudinal resistivity cross-section, the resistivity at the 6-10 measuring point is higher than that at the two sides.
  • the invention discloses a transient electromagnetic detecting device, which realizes the diagnosis of the grounding grid breakpoint of the non-excavation and the non-blackout, and reduces the economic loss of the diagnosis process.
  • the present invention discloses a method for diagnosing a grounding grid breakpoint, which is based on a transient electromagnetic detecting device, which comprises: setting a test line at a grounding position on a ground pre-diagnosed on the ground to determine a coordinate of the measuring point; The measuring point coordinate information, the center of the transient electromagnetic detecting device is coincident with the measuring point coordinate; the transient electromagnetic detecting device performs measurement point by point along the test line to obtain measurement data; The measurement data uses a preset formula to form a longitudinal resistivity sectional view of the test point by using the mapping software; and determining whether the test point has a breakpoint according to the longitudinal resistivity sectional view.
  • the method does not depend on the grounding grid design data, and can realize the grounding network breakpoint diagnosis of non-excavation and non-blackout, and reduce the economic loss of the ground network diagnosis.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种瞬变电磁法的接地网断点诊断方法，基于瞬变电磁探测装置，该方法包括：在地面上欲诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标（101）；获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合（102）；所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据（103）；将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图（104）；根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点（105）。该方法不依赖于接地网设计资料，并且能实现非开挖和不停电的接地网断点诊断，降低了诊断过程的经济损失。

Description

一种瞬变电磁法的接地网断点诊断方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电力系统接地网断点诊断技术领域，更具体的说，是涉及一种瞬变电磁法的接地网断点诊断方法。
背景技术
接地网的完整可靠性是电路系统安全运行的必要保障，构成接地网的导体埋设于地下，常因施工时的焊接不良、漏焊或土壤腐蚀等原因，造成导体断裂，致使接地网接地泄流性能下降，不仅威胁设备及人身安全，还会带来巨大的经济损失和社会影响。
目前，现行的接地网故障诊断技术主要基于电路理论、场路法、无损检测法和电化学法，这些方法或是依赖于接地网设计施工图纸，或是要求变电站停电，因此，寻求一种不依赖于接地网设计资料，并且能实现非开挖和不停电的新型诊断方法及装置，是电力系统完全经济生产所迫切需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种瞬变电磁法的接地网断点诊断方法，以克服现有技术中由于现行的接地网故障诊断技术主要基于电路理论、场路法、无损检测法和电化学法，这些方法或是依赖于接地网设计施工图纸，或是要求变电站停电，导致人身安全无法保障及经济损失的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种接地网断点诊断方法，基于瞬变电磁探测装置，包括发射系统和接收系统，所述发射系统包括电池组、发射机和发送线圈，所述接收系统包括接收机和接收线圈，其中，所述发射线圈的两端分别与所述发射机的电流输出端相连，所述电池组的正极与所述发射机的供电正端相连，所述电池组的 负极与所述发射机供电负端相连；所述接收线圈的两端分别与所述接收机的信号采集线相连，该方法包括：
在地面上欲诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标；
获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合；
所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据；
将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图；
根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点。
其中，所述将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图具体为：
启动所述瞬变电磁探测装置的发射机产生双极性矩形脉冲电流，建立一次脉冲磁场；
利用所述瞬变电磁探测装置的接收线圈观测感应二次涡流场，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的接收机中存储的二次电压信号转化为磁场信号；
利用所述二次场垂向分量Bz的表达式
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000001
构建计算瞬变场参数的函数f(u)，所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000002
并计算视电阻率ρ(t)，所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000003
根据所述视电阻率进行电阻率ρr及视深度Hr计算，且利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图，所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000004
所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000005
其中，所述根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点具体为：
通过分析所述纵向电阻率断面图上电阻率分布情况进行接地网诊断；
电阻率断面图上各测点处的电阻率的大小取决于所述瞬变电磁探测装置位于测点位置时，向下传播的电磁信号与接地网的耦合状况；
如果接地网不存在断点，在电阻率断面图上表现为接地网格导体上方测点处电阻率大，接地网格导体两边测点处电阻率小，则判定所述接地网完好；
如果接地网格导体存在断点，在电阻率断面图上表现为存在断点的接地网格导体上方测点处电阻率小，该导体两边测点处电阻率大，则判定所述接地网存在断点。
其中，所述发送线圈和所述接收线圈设置为中心回线装置。
其中，所述发射机产生双极性矩形脉冲电流，通过所述发送线圈建立一次脉冲磁场。
其中，所述接收线圈观测感应二次涡流场，并以二次电压信号形式存储于接收机中。
经由上述的技术方案可知，与现有技术相比，本发明公开了一种接地网断点诊断方法，基于瞬变电磁探测装置，该方法包括：在地面上欲诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标；获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合；所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据；将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图；根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点。该方法不依赖于接地网设计资料，并且能实现非开挖和不停电的接地网断点诊断，降低了诊断过程的经济损失。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例公开的一种接地网断点诊断方法的流程图；
图2为本发明实施例中瞬变电磁探测装置结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中公开的接地网示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中发射机产生的双极性矩形脉冲电流波形图；
图5为本发明实施例中线圈装置与完好接地网的相对位置示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中线圈装置与存在断点接地网的相对位置示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明公开了一种接地网断点诊断方法，基于瞬变电磁探测装置，该方法包括：在地面上欲诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标；获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合；所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据；将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图；根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点。该方法不依赖于接地网设计资料，并且能实现非开挖和不停电的接地网断点诊断降低了诊断过程的经济损失。
请参阅附图1，为本发明实施例公开的一种接地网断点诊断方法的流程图。请参阅附图2，为本发明实施例中瞬变电磁探测装置结构示意图。本发明实施例公开了一种接地网断点诊断方法，该方法基于瞬变电磁探测装置，如图2所示，具体该结构包括发射系统和接收系统，所述发射系统包括电池组1、发射机2和发送线圈3，所述接收系统包括接收机4和接收线圈5，其中，所述发射线圈3的两端分别与所述发射机2的电流输出端相连，所述电池组1的正极与所述发射机2的供电正端相连，所述电池组1的负极与所述发射机2供电负端相连；所述接收线圈5的两端分别与所述接收机4的信号采集线相连。
基于上述瞬变电磁探测装置的基础上，该方法步骤具体包括：
步骤101：在地面上欲诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标；
具体的，请参阅附图3，图3为本发明实施例公开的接地网示意图。
步骤102：获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合；
步骤103：所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据；
具体的，在实验进行时，所述瞬变电磁探测装置的发送线圈和接收线圈组成的一体化线圈装置，其中心应与测点重合，沿着测线逐点进行测量。
步骤104：将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图；
具体的，该步骤具体包括：
启动所述瞬变电磁探测装置的发射机产生双极性矩形脉冲电流，建立一次脉冲磁场；
请参阅附图4，为本发明实施例中发射机产生的双极性矩形脉冲电流波形图，横轴为时间(t)坐标，数轴为电流(I)坐标，由图可知，所述双极性矩形脉冲电流的周期为T。
利用所述瞬变电磁探测装置的接收线圈观测感应二次涡流场，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的接收机中存储的二次电压信号转化为磁场信号；
利用所述二次场垂向分量Bz的表达式构建计算瞬变场参数的函数f(u)，所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000006
并计算视电阻率ρ(t)，所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000007
上述二次场垂向分量Bz公式中，I为所述发射机发射的矩形脉冲电流值，a为发送线圈的半径，μ为均匀半空间磁导率，其值近似为4π×10-7H/m，u 为瞬变场参数，
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000008
为误差函数。具体的，在本发明实施例中，上述参数与下述的公式中出现的参数其表达的词意相同，以下相同参数不再赘述。
根据所述视电阻率进行电阻率ρr及视深度Hr计算，且利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图，所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000009
所述
Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-000010
上述电阻率ρr及视深度Hr的公式中，tj和ti为两相采样时间，tj＞ti，tji为采样时间tj和ti之算术平均值，ρj和ρi为对应采样时间tj和ti的视电阻率。
步骤105：根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点。
具体的，该步骤具体包括：
通过分析所述纵向电阻率断面图上电阻率分布情况进行接地网诊断；
电阻率断面图上各测点处的电阻率的大小取决于所述瞬变电磁探测装置位于测点位置时，向下传播的电磁信号与接地网的耦合状况；
如果接地网不存在断点，在电阻率断面图上表现为接地网格导体上方测点处电阻率大，接地网格导体两边测点处电阻率小，则判定所述接地网完好；
如果接地网格导体存在断点，在电阻率断面图上表现为存在断点的接地网格导体上方测点处电阻率小，该导体两边测点处电阻率大，则判定所述接地网存在断点。
本实施例公开的一种接地网断点诊断方法，基于瞬变电磁探测装置，该方法包括：在地面上欲诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标；获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合；所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据；将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图；根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点。该方法不依赖于接地网设计资料，并且能实现非开挖和不停电的接地网断点诊断，减少 地网诊断经济损失。
上述本发明公开的实施例中详细描述了方法，本发明还公开了一种瞬变电磁探测装置，下面给出具体的实施例进行详细说明。
优选的，上述所述发送线圈3和所述接收线圈4设置为中心回线装置，所述发送线圈3和所述接收线圈4可设置为同心圆的一体化线圈，且所述发送线圈和所述接收线圈不连通。
在测量时，图2中的瞬变电磁线圈装置的中心沿着测试线进行测量，每次测量时中心回线装置的中心与测点重合。
其中，所述发射机2产生双极性矩形脉冲电流，通过所述发送线圈3建立一次脉冲磁场。
其中，所述接收线圈4观测感应二次涡流场，并以二次电压信号形式存储于接收机中。
请参阅附图5和附图6，附图5为本发明实施例中线圈装置与完好接地网的相对位置示意图；附图6为本发明实施例中线圈装置与存在断点接地网的相对位置示意图。图5和图6中的中心回线装置沿着测试线进行测量，每次测量时中心回线装置的中心与测点重合。
在图5中，8号测点位于一段地网导体正上方，3-13号测点中两相邻测点距离20cm,1-3号、13-15号测点中两相邻测点距离40cm；当接地网完好时，若一体化线圈装置位于两个接地网闭合网格ABED、BCFE内，则向下传播的电磁信号主要与闭合小网格形成耦合，耦合强烈，在电阻率断面图中显示电阻率较低，若一体化线圈装置位于接地网导体BE之上，则向下传播的电磁信号与两个小网格均形成耦合，在导体BE段上形成的涡流流向相反，削弱了耦合程度，在电阻率断面图中显示电阻率较高，因此，在纵向电阻率断面图中显示为6-10测点处电阻率较两边测点电阻率高。
在图6中，当接地网BE段导体存在断点时,接地网小网格ABED、BCFE呈现开路，一体化线圈装置位于网格中间时，在电阻率断面图中显示电阻率较低，一体化线圈装置位于两边测点时，在电阻率断面图中显示电阻率较高，因此，在纵向电阻率断面图中显示为6-10测点处电阻率较两边测点电阻率低； 通过以上分析诊断该处存在断点。
本发明公开的一种瞬变电磁探测装置，实现非开挖和不停电的接地网断点诊断，降低了诊断过程的经济损失。
综上所述：本发明公开了一种接地网断点诊断方法，基于瞬变电磁探测装置，该方法包括：在地面上预诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标；获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合；所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据；将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图；根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点。该方法不依赖于接地网设计资料，并且能实现非开挖和不停电的接地网断点诊断，减少地网诊断经济损失。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种接地网断点诊断方法，基于瞬变电磁探测装置，包括发射系统和接收系统，所述发射系统包括电池组、发射机和发送线圈，所述接收系统包括接收机和接收线圈，其中，所述发射线圈的两端分别与所述发射机的电流输出端相连，所述电池组的正极与所述发射机的供电正端相连，所述电池组的负极与所述发射机供电负端相连；所述接收线圈的两端分别与所述接收机的信号采集线相连，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    在地面上欲诊断的接地网上方位置设置试验测线，确定测点坐标；
    获取所述测点坐标信息，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的中心与所述测点坐标重合；
    所述瞬变电磁探测装置沿着所述试验测线逐点进行测量，得到测量数据；
    将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图；
    根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述将所述测量数据采用预设公式利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图具体为：
    启动所述瞬变电磁探测装置的发射机产生双极性矩形脉冲电流，建立一次脉冲磁场；
    利用所述瞬变电磁探测装置的接收线圈观测感应二次涡流场，将所述瞬变电磁探测装置的接收机中存储的二次电压信号转化为磁场信号；
    利用所述二次场垂向分量Bz的表达式
    Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-100001
    构建计算瞬变场参数的函数f(u)，所述
    Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-100002
    并计算视电阻率ρ(t)，所述
    Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-100003
    根据所述视电阻率进行电阻率ρr及视深度Hr计算，且利用成图软件形成测试点的纵向电阻率断面图，所述
    Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-100004
    所述
    Figure PCTCN2014089307-appb-100005
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述纵向电阻率断面图确定所述测试点是否发生断点具体为：
    通过分析所述纵向电阻率断面图上电阻率分布情况进行接地网诊断；
    电阻率断面图上各测点处的电阻率的大小取决于所述瞬变电磁探测装置位于测点位置时，向下传播的电磁信号与接地网的耦合状况；
    如果接地网不存在断点，在电阻率断面图上表现为接地网格导体上方测点处电阻率大，接地网格导体两边测点处电阻率小，则判定所述接地网完好；
    如果接地网格导体存在断点，在电阻率断面图上表现为存在断点的接地网格导体上方测点处电阻率小，该导体两边测点处电阻率大，则判定所述接地网存在断点。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送线圈和所述接收线圈设置为中心回线装置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射机产生双极性矩形脉冲电流，通过所述发送线圈建立一次脉冲磁场。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收线圈观测感应二次涡流场，并以二次电压信号形式存储于接收机中。
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