WO2015072664A1 - Récupérateur d'énergie ayant une fréquence de résonance réglable - Google Patents

Récupérateur d'énergie ayant une fréquence de résonance réglable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015072664A1
WO2015072664A1 PCT/KR2014/009427 KR2014009427W WO2015072664A1 WO 2015072664 A1 WO2015072664 A1 WO 2015072664A1 KR 2014009427 W KR2014009427 W KR 2014009427W WO 2015072664 A1 WO2015072664 A1 WO 2015072664A1
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Prior art keywords
resonant frequency
adjusting
energy harvester
rotation
spring
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PCT/KR2014/009427
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
정귀상
Original Assignee
울산대학교 산학협력단
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Publication of WO2015072664A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015072664A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/09—Machines characterised by the presence of elements which are subject to variation, e.g. adjustable bearings, reconfigurable windings, variable pitch ventilators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an energy harvester capable of adjusting the resonance frequency.
  • Batteries are commonly used as a means of powering the nodes of the majority of portable electronic devices or sensor networks.
  • electrical energy can be converted from a variety of sources including solar, wind, heat, wave, biochemistry, high frequency, vibration, and magnetic fields.
  • vibration energy has emerged as an attractive power source of energy harvesting due to unlimited time, miniaturization and portability.
  • vibration energy harvesting techniques use electrostatic (ES), piezoelectric (PE), and electromagnetic (EM) conversion methods, where the resonance frequency of the device to which these methods are applied matches the external vibration frequency.
  • ES electrostatic
  • PE piezoelectric
  • EM electromagnetic
  • the energy harvesting device since the external vibration frequency varies with time, while the resonance frequency of the energy harvesting device is fixed, the energy harvesting device has a narrow operating range. To match the resonant frequency of the device to the external vibration frequency, the operating frequency range of the device must be widened or the resonant frequency must be adjusted.
  • the general method used to improve power efficiency in the energy harvesting process is as follows.
  • the piezoelectric energy harvester of Patent Document 1 (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0037992) implements a piezoelectric element in a spring shape, thereby matching the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric energy harvester to the vibration frequency of an external vibration source. Disclosed is a technique to make.
  • Patent document 2 discloses an electromagnetic induction energy harvester capable of adjusting a resonant frequency with an external vibration source.
  • the magnet 14 is fixed to the substrate 12 and the coil 16 is elastically coupled to the substrate 12 by using the elastic member 22 having a spring shape.
  • the resonant frequency is adjusted by extending the spring.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an energy harvester of an electromagnetic induction method capable of adjusting a resonance frequency that is efficiently matched to vibration frequencies of various external vibration sources.
  • the present invention allows the resonant frequency of the device to be linked to various external vibration frequencies without increasing the size of the device, thereby minimizing the electromagnetic harvesting energy harvester device capable of adjusting the resonant frequency, while simplifying and manufacturing the device manufacturing process. Reducing the cost is a technical problem.
  • the energy harvester capable of adjusting the resonance frequency according to the present invention includes an induction coil unit wound on a housing, a magnet unit vibrating up and down within the induction coil unit by external vibration, and a stopper fixed to an upper end of the housing; It is fixedly coupled to the magnet portion in a state rotatably disposed on the stopper and is attached to the resonant frequency adjustment spring portion and the resonant frequency adjustment spring portion is adjusted in length according to the degree of rotation and the resonant frequency adjustment spring It is configured to include a rotation control jig portion for adjusting the degree of rotation of the part.
  • the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion is characterized in that it has a rotatable spiral spring shape.
  • the outer region of the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion is rotatably disposed on the stopper while being attached to the rotation adjusting jig portion, and the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion
  • the inner region has a spiral spring shape that vibrates according to the external vibration while the length of the stopper is changed by the rotation of the rotation control jig.
  • the inner region and the outer region of the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion are connected to each other through two branches.
  • the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion is characterized in that it is fixedly coupled to the magnet through a coupling hole provided in the central region.
  • the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion is characterized in that the elastic body made of FR-4 material.
  • the magnet portion is characterized in that it has a multipole (multipole) structure.
  • the rotation control jig unit is characterized in that it rotates step by step by manual operation of the user.
  • the energy harvester of the electromagnetic induction method capable of adjusting the resonant frequency that is effectively matched to the vibration frequency of the various external vibration sources.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing an energy harvester capable of adjusting the resonant frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a view for explaining the change in the length of the spring region across the stopper according to the degree of rotation of the spring portion for adjusting the resonance frequency.
  • FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the relationship between the material and the resonant frequency of the spring portion for adjusting the resonant frequency in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5 to 7 are diagrams for explaining the results of simulating three vibration modes applied to the spring weight by using a finite element analysis method in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the relationship between the external vibration frequency and the displacement of the spring weight in the vibration mode shown in FIG.
  • 9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining the results of the simulation of the magnetic flux and the magnetic flux density distribution due to the movement of the spring weight body in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a view showing the configuration of equipment for testing the output of the energy harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating waveforms of output voltages output by an energy harvester according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • 13 and 14 illustrate output voltage characteristics according to external vibration frequencies according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15 is a diagram illustrating an output voltage characteristic according to acceleration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a diagram illustrating output voltage and output power characteristics according to load resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a diagram illustrating output voltage characteristics according to spring positions when an embodiment of the present invention is applied to an automobile engine.
  • FIG. 18 is a view illustrating output power characteristics of resonant frequencies of various types of energy harvesters.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing an energy harvester capable of adjusting the resonant frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an energy harvester capable of adjusting a resonance frequency includes a lower housing 10, an induction coil part 20, a magnet part 30, and an upper housing 40. , A stopper 50, a resonant frequency adjustment spring part 60, and a rotation control jig part 70.
  • the lower housing 10 performs a function of accommodating components of an energy harvester capable of adjusting a resonant frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention through coupling with the upper housing 40.
  • the housing is divided into a lower housing 10 and an upper housing 40 for ease of assembly of the component parts.
  • Teflon may be used as the material of the lower housing 10 and the upper housing 40.
  • the housing is divided into a lower housing 10 and an upper housing 40, but the configuration of the housing is not limited thereto.
  • the induction coil unit 20 is wound along the outer circumferential surface of the lower housing 10 and is a portion in which an induction current is generated due to the vertical motion of the magnet unit 30 to be described later. Although not shown in the drawings, the induction current generated in the induction coil unit 20 is drawn to the outside through electrical connection means such as electrodes and wires.
  • Copper (Cu) may be used as the material of the induction coil unit 20.
  • the magnet part 30 performs a function of oscillating up and down in the induction coil part 20 by external vibration. Due to the vertical vibration of the magnet part 30, an induction current according to the electromagnetic induction phenomenon is generated in the induction coil part 20 surrounding the magnet part 30.
  • This magnet portion 30 is preferably to have a multipole (multipole) structure. As will be described later, when the magnet portion 30 has a multipole structure, the number of magnetic fluxes is increased and the magnetic flux density is increased as compared with the dipole structure, so that the output voltage characteristic is improved.
  • NdFeB may be applied as a material of the magnet part 30.
  • the stopper 50 is fixed to the upper end of the upper housing 40.
  • a resonant frequency adjusting spring unit 60 which will be described later, is rotatably disposed.
  • the stopper 50 may be made of stainless steel.
  • the resonant frequency adjustment spring portion 60 is fixedly coupled to the magnet portion 30 in a state that is rotatably disposed on the stopper 50, and the length of the region deformed in response to external vibration is adjusted according to the degree of rotation. do.
  • the jig part 70 for rotation control is detachably coupled to the upper housing 40 to seal the opening of the upper housing 40.
  • the rotation control jig unit 70 is attached to the resonant frequency control spring portion 60, and performs a function of adjusting the degree of rotation of the resonant frequency control spring portion 60.
  • the rotation control jig unit 70 may be configured to rotate step by step by a manual operation of a user.
  • the vibration frequency of the magnet part constituting the energy harvester according to the present embodiment using the stopper 50, the resonant frequency adjustment spring part 60, and the rotation control jig part 70 will be further described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the principle of resonating at various external vibration frequencies will be described.
  • FIG 2 is a view showing an example of a specific shape of the spring portion 60 for adjusting the resonance frequency applied to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the resonant frequency adjusting spring unit 60 has a rotatable spiral spring shape and is divided into an outer region 610 and an inner region 620.
  • the outer region 610 is rotatably disposed on the stopper 50 in a state of being attached to the rotation adjusting jig portion 70
  • the inner region 620 is a region that is deformed by external vibration. It is an area
  • the inner region 620 of the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion 60 has a spiral spring shape, and the inner region 620 and the outer region 610 of the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion 60 have two branches, 641, 642 are configured to be connected to each other.
  • the resonant frequency adjustment spring portion 60 has a coupling hole 650 is formed in the center region, the magnet portion 30 is fixedly coupled to the resonant frequency adjustment spring portion 60 through the coupling hole 650, the spring weight Make up a sieve.
  • 3 is a view for explaining the change in the length of the spring region across the stopper according to the degree of rotation of the spring portion for adjusting the resonance frequency.
  • the resonant frequency adjustment spring unit 60 attached to the rotation control jig unit 70 is also fixed to the rotation control jig unit. It rotates by the rotation amount of 70.
  • the resonant frequency adjustment spring portion 60 rotates, the length of the spring region that spans the stopper 50 fixed to the upper end of the upper housing 40, that is, the length of the spring that sag occurs due to the load Change.
  • This change in spring length causes a change in the spring constant value.
  • the present embodiment is configured to resonate the frequency of the energy harvester to an external vibration frequency by using a change in the length of the spring where the deflection occurs due to the rotation of the spring and a change in the spring constant value.
  • FIG. 3 is a case where the position of the resonant frequency adjusting spring unit 60 is 1 and the spring length at which sag occurs is L1
  • FIG. 3 (b) is a resonant frequency adjusting spring unit
  • the position of 60 is 2 and the spring length at which sag occurs is L2
  • FIG. 3 (f) shows the position of the resonant frequency adjusting spring part 60 at 6 times and the spring length at which sag occurs at L6. If it is.
  • the position of the resonant frequency adjusting spring portion 60 is six times, it can be seen that the length of the spring that sag occurs compared to the first case. This change in spring length causes a change in the spring constant value.
  • the resonant frequency increases as the length of the spring decreases, the user can appropriately cope with the frequency of external vibration by adjusting the length of the spring in which the deflection occurs by adjusting the rotation control jig part 70.
  • the resonant frequency control spring portion 60 is preferably composed of an elastic body of FR-4 material. This will be described with reference to FIG. 4 showing the relationship between the material and the resonant frequency of the spring portion 60 for resonant frequency adjustment.
  • the resonance frequency when -4 is applied is disclosed.
  • the resonant frequency of the device should be considered, as shown in Figure 4, when the material of the resonant frequency control spring portion 60 is applied to the FR-4 each resonance It can be seen that it has the lowest resonant frequency in the mode.
  • the three resonant modes were analyzed using ANSYS, a simulation tool. In FIG.
  • the first resonance mode 1st is an x-axis operation
  • the second resonance mode 2nd is a y-axis operation
  • the third resonance mode 3rd is a z-axis operation.
  • the third-order resonant mode which is the z-axis operation in which the magnet moves up and down, is an important part of this study. Therefore, the simulation disclosed through FIG. 4 is an analysis for confirming whether the resonance frequency in the third resonance mode matches the resonance frequency of the system.
  • the spring weight body is a structure in which the resonant frequency adjustment spring part 60 and the magnet part 30 are coupled.
  • the distortion of the resonant frequency adjustment spring unit 60 occurs at 6.68 Hz in the horizontal direction, and in the vibration mode of FIG. 6, the resonant frequency adjustment spring unit 60 is rotated in the horizontal direction at 7.11 Hz. It can be seen that distortion occurs.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the relationship between the external vibration frequency and the displacement of the spring weight in the vibration mode shown in FIG. 7.
  • the displacement according to the maximum deformation of the spring weight body is 4.9 mm. That is, the displacement of the spring weight body is mainly determined by the external vibration frequency, and greatly varies near the resonance frequency.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining the results of the simulation of the magnetic flux and magnetic flux density distribution due to the movement of the spring weight body using the axisymmetric finite element analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a magnet
  • FIG. 10 shows a case where the magnet portion 30 has a multipole structure.
  • the multipole magnetic structure concentrates more magnetic flux as compared to the dipole magnetic structure, and thus the magnetic flux density of the central region is higher.
  • FIG. 11 is a view showing the configuration of equipment for testing the output of the energy harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vibrator supplies mechanical vibration to the energy harvester under the control of a vibrator controller.
  • the energy harvester is attached to the upper part of the vibrator, and an accelerometer for measuring acceleration is attached to the vibrator.
  • An oscilloscope is electrically connected to both ends of an induction coil of an energy harvester and measures the induced output voltage against frequency, acceleration, and load resistance.
  • FIG. 12 is a view showing the waveform of the output voltage output from the energy harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention, the output voltage waveform shown in Figure 12 is a measurement result in the dipole structure and multi-pole structure when the resonance frequency is 23Hz .
  • the maximum output voltage is 440 mVrms.
  • the maximum output voltage is 1.12Vrms.
  • the multipole structure is half the frequency of the induced waveform compared to the dipole structure, but it can be seen that the concentration of the magnetic flux provides a higher output voltage. Through this, it can be seen that the output power efficiency is improved by implementing the magnet part 30 constituting the energy harvester in a multi-pole structure.
  • FIG. 13 and 14 illustrate experiments of output voltage characteristics according to external vibration frequencies according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the energy harvester according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure has different resonance frequencies and output voltages according to the position of the spring portion 60 for adjusting the resonance frequency. If the spring position for adjustment is 1, the resonant frequency is 23Hz, the acceleration is 0.5g, the maximum output voltage is 1.12Vrms and the Q-factor is 11.2.
  • the energy harvester according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention has successfully adjusted the resonant frequency in the range of 23-32 Hz.
  • the induced output voltage is highly dependent on the external vibration frequency. . It can be seen that the maximum output voltage is generated at the resonant frequency, and drops sharply out of a predetermined band centered on the resonant frequency.
  • 15 is a diagram illustrating an output voltage characteristic according to acceleration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the induced output voltage increases in proportion to the applied acceleration.
  • the greater the acceleration the greater the displacement at the same resonant frequency.
  • the energy harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention outputs a higher voltage while exhibiting a linear proportionality to the acceleration.
  • 16 is a diagram illustrating output voltage characteristics according to load resistance according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the energy harvester outputs a maximum power of 60.3 kW at an output voltage of 320 mVDC when the load resistance is about 1.3 k ⁇ .
  • 17 is a diagram illustrating output voltage characteristics according to spring positions when an embodiment of the present invention is applied to an automobile engine.
  • 17 is a value obtained when the energy harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to an engine of a vehicle in a stopped state while the engine is operated, and the resonant frequency adjusting switch is located at No. 6.
  • the output voltage was measured at 1.78V.
  • FIG. 18 is a view illustrating output voltage characteristics of resonant frequencies of various types of energy harvesters.
  • piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction methods are used for energy harvesters capable of resonant frequency adjustment.
  • areas 4, 5, 6, and 7 show piezoelectric characteristics
  • regions 3 and 12 show characteristics of electromagnetic induction. Indicates.
  • region 12 is an area showing characteristics of the present embodiment, and it can be seen that the present embodiment operates efficiently in a low frequency region through simple frequency tuning.
  • the resonant frequency of the energy harvester according to the present embodiment is adjusted in the range of 23-32 Hz, the maximum tuning ratio is 39.1%, and the output power depends on the position of the switch for resonant frequency adjustment. Fluctuate. In position 1 the output power is 60.3 kW, in position 6 the output power is 41.4 kW and the power reduction rate is 31.4%.
  • the electromagnetic induction method capable of adaptively adjusting the resonant frequency to the external environment
  • the energy harvester is effective.
  • the resonant frequency adjustment spring portion in a rotatable spiral spring shape, there is an effect that the energy harvester of the electromagnetic induction method capable of adjusting the resonant frequency that can be effectively applied to a low external vibration frequency.
  • the present invention can be applied to the energy harvester of the electromagnetic induction method capable of adjusting the resonant frequency that is effectively matched to the vibration frequency of various external vibration sources and various system devices for producing and providing energy using the energy harvester.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un récupérateur d'énergie ayant une fréquence de résonance réglable. Le récupérateur d'énergie selon la présente invention comprend : une unité de bobine d'induction enroulée autour d'un boîtier inférieur ; une unité d'aimant configurée pour vibrer verticalement à l'intérieur de l'unité de bobine d'induction au moyen d'une vibration externe ; un boîtier supérieur couplé au boîtier inférieur ; un dispositif d'arrêt fixé à l'extrémité supérieure du boîtier supérieur ; une unité de ressort pour un réglage de fréquence de résonance, qui est accouplée de manière fixe à l'unité d'aimant tout en étant disposée de manière rotative sur le dispositif d'arrêt, et qui est configurée telle que la longueur d'une zone, qui est déformée en réponse à la vibration externe, est réglée selon le degré de rotation ; et une unité de gabarit de montage pour un réglage de rotation, qui est fixée à l'unité de ressort pour un réglage de fréquence de résonance, et qui est tournée pas à pas par une manipulation manuelle d'un utilisateur, réglant ainsi le degré de rotation de l'unité de ressort pour un réglage de fréquence de résonance. Selon la présente invention, un récupérateur d'énergie de type à induction électromagnétique ayant une fréquence de résonance réglable, qui est efficacement adaptée à des fréquences de vibration de diverses sources de vibrations externes, est fourni, permettant ainsi une compacité de dispositif, simplifiant les processus de fabrication, et réduisant les coûts de fabrication.
PCT/KR2014/009427 2013-11-14 2014-10-07 Récupérateur d'énergie ayant une fréquence de résonance réglable WO2015072664A1 (fr)

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KR20130138403A KR101501389B1 (ko) 2013-11-14 2013-11-14 공진주파수 조절이 가능한 에너지 하베스터
KR10-2013-0138403 2013-11-14

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021078497A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-29 Revibe Energy Ab Générateur d'énergie à aimant
CN112865601A (zh) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-28 天津大学 一种电磁式旋转振动能量采集器
CN113890300A (zh) * 2021-09-13 2022-01-04 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 基于非对称-双平面弹簧的宽范围振动能量收集器
US20220008955A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Nidec Corporation Vibration motor and tactile device
US20220014081A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Nidec Corporation Vibration motor and tactile device

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CN105099269B (zh) * 2015-09-02 2017-05-31 北京印刷学院 铁路远程监测对称式双边共振电磁变换质能转换装置
IT201700108296A1 (it) * 2017-09-27 2019-03-27 Active Fuel Srl Dispositivo elettronico di controllo attivo del furto carburante.
KR102125405B1 (ko) 2018-08-29 2020-06-22 한국과학기술연구원 넓은 동작 주파수 범위를 갖는 자가 공진 조절 압전 에너지 하베스터
KR102349783B1 (ko) 2020-04-09 2022-01-12 한국과학기술연구원 적응형 클램프를 이용한 자기공진 조절 에너지 하베스터 및 그 작동방법

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WO2021078497A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-29 Revibe Energy Ab Générateur d'énergie à aimant
US20220008955A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Nidec Corporation Vibration motor and tactile device
US20220014081A1 (en) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-13 Nidec Corporation Vibration motor and tactile device
US11673164B2 (en) * 2020-07-10 2023-06-13 Nidec Corporation Vibration motor with movable portion having bearing with flange around a magnet and tactile device
US11699943B2 (en) * 2020-07-10 2023-07-11 Nidec Corporation Vibration motor with elastic member and tactile device
CN112865601A (zh) * 2021-01-07 2021-05-28 天津大学 一种电磁式旋转振动能量采集器
CN112865601B (zh) * 2021-01-07 2023-01-03 天津大学 一种电磁式旋转振动能量采集器
CN113890300A (zh) * 2021-09-13 2022-01-04 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 基于非对称-双平面弹簧的宽范围振动能量收集器

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