WO2015070482A1 - 一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统 - Google Patents

一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015070482A1
WO2015070482A1 PCT/CN2013/087860 CN2013087860W WO2015070482A1 WO 2015070482 A1 WO2015070482 A1 WO 2015070482A1 CN 2013087860 W CN2013087860 W CN 2013087860W WO 2015070482 A1 WO2015070482 A1 WO 2015070482A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic power
detection system
power stations
cable
voltage
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2013/087860
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李春来
杨立滨
杨小库
张海宁
孟可风
王生渊
董开岩
宋锐
杨军
李正曦
赵世昌
丛贵斌
孔祥鹏
王轩
张�杰
梁英
马勇飞
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State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Application filed by State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd, Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Publication of WO2015070482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015070482A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
    • H02J3/0012—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies characterised by the contingency detection means in AC networks, e.g. using phasor measurement units [PMU], synchrophasors or contingency analysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

Definitions

  • a low voltage ride through detection system for large photovoltaic power plants in high altitude areas A low voltage ride through detection system for large photovoltaic power plants in high altitude areas
  • the invention relates to a photovoltaic grid-connected test and detection technology in the field of new energy power generation and access technology, in particular to a low voltage ride through detection system suitable for a large photovoltaic power station in a high altitude area.
  • China's solar photovoltaic industry is developing rapidly.
  • China's photovoltaic power generation market added 500MW of photovoltaic power generation, reaching a total of 900MW.
  • China has introduced the support policy for the photovoltaic industry.
  • the National Development and Reform Commission issued a notice to improve the on-grid tariff policy for solar photovoltaic power generation, and formulated a unified national grid-connected photovoltaic power generation price, which further stimulated domestic PV.
  • the industry is developing rapidly.
  • the grid-connected capacity of photovoltaic power stations in Qinghai Province reached 1888 MW.
  • Low-voltage traversing detection system for large-scale photovoltaic power stations in high-altitude areas has not been reported and developed in foreign countries. Domestic research on low-voltage traversing mobile detection systems for high-altitude and large-capacity photovoltaic power stations is in a blank, yet See the record.
  • the present invention provides a low voltage ride through detection system suitable for large photovoltaic power plants in high altitude areas to meet practical application needs.
  • a low voltage traversing detection system suitable for a large-scale photovoltaic power station in a high altitude area is provided, and the system is strict for the key network-related equipment of the grid-connected photovoltaic power station. Electrical testing.
  • the use of this system is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the photovoltaic industry, avoid the occurrence of large-scale photovoltaic power plant off-network accidents, and solve the technical difficulties in the safe and stable operation of large-scale photovoltaic power generation after grid connection.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a low voltage ride through detection system suitable for large photovoltaic power stations in high altitude areas, characterized in that: the detection system adopts the structure of the vehicle container, and the integrated design is concentrated in three containers, three containers They are 10kV drop dividers, 35kV drop dividers and switchgear containers.
  • the switch cabinet container includes a 35kV SF6 high-voltage switchgear 6-screen, 2 sets of 35kV PT, 1 set of 10kVPT, 1 cable reel, high voltage Cables, cable T-joints, integrated protection devices, centralized control cabinets, isolation transformers, air conditioners, and inspection stations.
  • the above-mentioned low-voltage traversing detection system for large-scale photovoltaic power stations in high-altitude areas is characterized in that the 35kV drop-dividing box includes a set of 35kV reactors, and is equipped with a 35kV tap changer, connecting cable, cable turntable, and cable T-connector. , heater, temperature and humidity controller, cooling fan.
  • the above-mentioned low-voltage traversing detection system for large-scale photovoltaic power stations in high-altitude areas is characterized in that the 10kV drop-dividing box includes a set of 10kV reactors, and is equipped with a 10kV tap changer, connecting cable, cable turntable, and cable T-joint. , heater, temperature and humidity controller, cooling fan.
  • the system can complete LVRT testing of new energy power stations in high altitude areas. There are 5 test points, which can be 0%, 20% UN, 20% UN ⁇ 50% UN, 50% UN ⁇ 75% UN, 75% UN ⁇
  • the voltage drop in the 90% UN range, and the drop depth step should be controlled at 5% Un, the voltage drop accuracy should be controlled at ⁇ 2%Un, and the drop impact on the system side voltage is less than 5%Un.
  • the system is fully automated and has a process test function. There is no need to manually perform reactor wiring. When performing low voltage ride through experiments at any drop depth, the reactor wiring can be automatically realized through the control interface.
  • the system can realize three-phase symmetrical drop test, two-phase asymmetrical drop, and the boost side Under the condition of star grounding, a single phase grounded asymmetric drop is achieved.
  • the system has low detection capability of both wind power and photovoltaic power plants.
  • the control interface can complete the switching of two different control systems, wind power and photovoltaic, with wide coverage and strong adaptability.
  • Figure 1 is a detailed test site wiring diagram of the inspection system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic topological view of the inspection system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation of a reactor of the inspection system of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a switch electrical single line diagram of the inspection system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of a reactor and a changeover switch of the inspection system of the present invention. detailed description
  • the low voltage ride through detection system for large photovoltaic power plants provided by the invention for high altitude areas can meet the detection requirements of voltage levels of 35kV and 10kV at the same time.
  • the specific test site wiring method is shown in Figure 1.
  • the grid connection point of the tested PV power station is connected to the equipment through an access breaker and connected through a 35kV cable impedance divider container.
  • the impedance divider is connected to the power unit under test via a 35kV cable.
  • the ground line of the low voltage transmission detection device container is connected two by two, and is connected to the centralized control vehicle through the power unit car, and is connected to the grounding point by the centralized control vehicle.
  • Working state 1 When the circuit breaker CB1 is in the position, the CB2 is in the position, and the CB3 is in the position, the inverter directly goes online through the CB2.
  • the detecting device only has voltage and no load. In this state, the impedance divider can be automatically
  • the tap changer performs the low voltage ride through test selection operation, and can also wait while the power state is insufficient for the test.
  • the inverter is connected to the Internet through an impedance divider.
  • the detection system adopts the structure of the vehicle container, and the complete device adopts a highly integrated design and is concentrated in three containers, and the three containers are respectively 10 kV. Drop the pressure divider, 35kV drop divider and switchgear container.
  • the principle topology of the detection system is shown in Figure 2.
  • the dotted line box is a complete set of devices, where CB1 is the incoming line switch, CB2 is the bypass switch, CB3 is the short circuit switch, K1 is the isolation switch, and Xsr and Xsc are the current limiting reactance respectively. Short circuit reactance.
  • switchgear container 35kV SF6 high voltage switchgear 6 screen, 2 sets of 35kV ⁇ , 1 set of 10kVPT, 1 cable reel, high voltage cable, cable T-joint, integrated protection device, centralized control cabinet, isolation transformer, air conditioner , and inspection workstations, etc.
  • This container is mainly used for the integration of CB1, CB2, CB3 circuit breakers and related auxiliary components, so that the detection system can be safely connected to the detection power station, and two disconnect points and related protections are improved.
  • 35kV reactor container 35kV reactor, 35kV tap changer, connecting cable, cable turntable, cable T-connector, heater, temperature and humidity controller, cooling fan, etc.
  • This set of boxes is mainly used to achieve low voltage switching function in photovoltaic power plants that test voltage levels of 35kV.
  • the system can adapt to the design requirements of the detection equipment system for climate and geographical conditions in high altitude areas. It can realize systematic and systematic automatic control.
  • the specific technical performance indicators that can be achieved are as follows:
  • the system can complete LVRT testing of new energy power stations in high altitude areas. There are 5 test points, which can be 0%, 20% UN, 20% UN ⁇ 50% UN, 50% UN ⁇ 75% UN, 75% UN ⁇
  • the voltage drop in the 90% UN range, and the drop depth step should be controlled at 5% Un, the voltage drop accuracy should be controlled at ⁇ 2%Un, and the drop impact on the system side voltage is less than 5%Un.
  • the system is fully automated and has a process test function. There is no need to manually perform reactor wiring. When performing low voltage ride through experiments at any drop depth, the reactor wiring can be automatically realized through the control interface.
  • the system can realize three-phase symmetrical drop test, two-phase asymmetry drop, and realize single-phase grounded asymmetric drop under the condition that the booster secondary side is star-grounded.
  • the system has low detection capability of both wind power and photovoltaic power plants.
  • the control interface can complete the switching of two different control systems, wind power and photovoltaic, with wide coverage and strong adaptability.
  • the detecting device is connected in series to the photovoltaic power plant to be tested.
  • CB2 When the device works in the bypass state, CB2 is closed, CB CB3 is disconnected, and the photovoltaic unit is generating electricity normally.
  • close CB1, disconnect CB2 put the current-limiting reactance Xsr into, then close CB3, and short-circuit reactance Xsc Input, the voltage at test point B becomes the voltage divider of the current-limiting reactance and the short-circuit reactance, and the analog voltage drop is realized.
  • the low-voltage ride-through characteristics of the measured photovoltaic unit are verified by changing the drop in different ranges of point B.
  • K1 is used in conjunction with bypass switch CB2. When CB2 is turned on and CB1 is turned off, K1 is used to isolate the test point from the live line, which is convenient for the reactor to automatically replace the tap.
  • the grid fault simulation system selects single-phase reactors with hollow, cast, tubular structure and copper conductors.
  • the detection system is installed in the vehicle-mounted mobile container.
  • Three single-phase reactors are installed vertically, the bottom is insulated with a pillar, the base is reinforced, and a fixed horizontal bar is attached at the top, and the horizontal bar is fixed on both sides of the container.
  • the insulating pillar and the upper end rail are made of epoxy resin (the porcelain medium is fragile), and the concrete installation is shown in Figure 3.
  • the T-type cable connector is made of EPDM (EPDM), fully insulated and fully sealed. It has good insulation effect and dustproof and sand-proof effect.
  • EPDM EPDM
  • the 35kV and 10kV systems of the power grid fault simulation system are each equipped with a multi-contact tap changer.
  • Each contact of the switch is connected to each tap of the reactor, and the current limiting reactance Xsr and the short-circuit reactance Xsc are optimally combined by the centralized control system. Finely adjust the current limit and short circuit reactance ratio.
  • the switch automatically completes the reactance connection of the drop point according to the reactance combination matrix, and realizes the automatic switching function of different drop point reactance.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the reactor and the switch:
  • the tap changer adopts the cage vertical type bare design, which is a three-phase switch.
  • the tap changer has three turntables of Ll L2 L3, the L1 turntable is divided into three gear positions, the L2 turntable is divided into two gear positions, and the L3 turntable is divided into four gear positions.
  • Each turntable is equipped with a motor, which is driven by the motor to rotate the adjustment gear.
  • the drive power is installed vertically for the AC380V tap changer, and the base is supported by a fixed bracket.
  • Tap changer profile setting and contact spacing Meet the application requirements of 350kV voltage level at 4000 meters above sea level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统，其特征在于：检测系统采用车载集装箱的结构，采用集成设计集中在3个集装箱内，三只集装箱分别为10kV 跌落分压箱、35kV 跌落分压箱和开关柜集装箱。该系统针对已并网光伏电站的关键涉网设备进行严格的电气检测。该系统的使用为促进光伏产业的持续健康发展，避免大规模光伏电站脱网事故的发生，解决大规模光伏发电并网后的安全稳定运行方面的技术难题具有重要的意义。

Description

一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源发电及接入技术领域中的光伏并网试验检测技术，具体地 说是涉及一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统。 背景技术
我国太阳能光伏产业发展形势迅猛， 2010 年我国光伏发电市场新增光伏发 电装机 500MW, 累计达到 900MW。 与此同时， 我国出台了光伏产业扶持政策， 特 别是， 2011年 7月 24日国家发改委发布了完善太阳能光伏发电上网电价政策的 通知， 制定全国统一的光伏发电标杆上网电价，进一步激励了国内光伏产业快速 发展。 2013年初青海省光伏发电站并网容量达到 1888MW, "十二五"期间青海省 国家级太阳能光伏发电基地光伏电站并网规模按照每年 1000MW 的容量持续增 长， 到 2015年底， 并网容量将达到 500(MW， 占我国 2015年太阳能光伏发电规 划装机容量的 25%， 此外， "十二五"期间西藏等地区也将有大规模太阳能光伏 发电建设。
面对青海等地区规模化光伏电站迅猛发展态势、地域分布特点及各种应用工 况， 大规模光伏电站接入公共电网必然对电网造成一定的谐波污染，光伏发电单 元的启停、发电功率短时剧变、 以及光伏系统中电压反馈控制设备相互作用都会 给带来一定的电压波动及闪变； 光伏发电装机比例增加后，光伏电站应能快速响 应调度指令， 当电力系统事故或扰动引起电网电压或者频率发生较大变化时，光 伏电站应确保不脱网运行， 支持电网故障恢复。 因此， 低电压穿越能力是考核光 伏电站是否满足并网性能的关键因素。
高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统在国外未见相关设备的报道 及研制， 国内针对高海拔地区、大容量光伏发电站研制测试其低电压穿越的移动 式检测系统开展研究处于空白， 尚未见记载。
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测 系统， 以满足实际应用需要。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是： 针对现有技术中存在的不足， 提供一种适用于 高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统，该系统针对已并网光伏电站的关 键涉网设备进行严格的电气检测。 该系统的使用为促进光伏产业的持续健康发 展，避免大规模光伏电站脱网事故的发生，解决大规模光伏发电并网后的安全稳 定运行方面的技术难题具有重要的意义。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿 越检测系统， 其特征在于： 检测系统采用车载集装箱的结构， 采用集成设计集中 在 3 个集装箱内， 三只集装箱分别为 10kV跌落分压箱、 35kV跌落分压箱和开 关柜集装箱。
如上所述的适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统，其特征在 于，开关柜集装箱包括 35kV SF6 高压开关柜 6屏、 2组 35kV PT、 1组 10kVPT、 1只电缆卷盘、高压电缆、 电缆 T 型接头、综保装置、集中控制柜、隔离变压器、 空调、 及检测工作站。
如上所述的适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统，其特征在 于， 35kV跌落分压箱包括 35kV 电抗器一套， 配套 35kV分接开关、 连接电缆、 电缆转盘、 电缆 T 型接头、 加热器、 温湿度控制器、 散热风扇。
如上所述的适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统，其特征在 于， 10kV跌落分压箱包括 10kV 电抗器一套， 配套 10kV分接开关、 连接电缆、 电缆转盘、 电缆 T型接头、 加热器、 温湿度控制器、 散热风扇。
本发明的有益效果是：
( 1 ) 系统可完成高海拔地区新能源电站 LVRT检测， 测试点共 5个， 能够 在 0%、 20%UN、 20%UN〜50%UN、 50%UN〜75%UN、 75%UN〜90%UN范围 进行电压跌落， 且跌落深度步距应控制在 5%Un， 电压跌落精度应控制在 士 2%Un, 跌落对系统侧电压影响低于 5%Un。
(2) 系统采用全自动化设计， 具备流程化测试功能。 无需人工进行电抗器 接线，在任意跌落深度进行低电压穿越实验时， 可通过控制界面自动实现电抗器 接线。
(3 ) 系统可实现三相对称跌落试验、 两相相间不对称跌落、 在升压变副边 为星形接地的条件下， 实现单相接地不对称跌落。
(4) 系统兼具风电和光伏两种电站的低检测能力， 控制界面可以完成风电 和光伏两种不同控制系统的切换， 覆盖范围广， 适应性强。 附图说明
图 1为本发明检 系统的具体测试现场接线图。
图 2为本发明检 系统的原理拓扑图。
图 3为本发明检 系统的电抗器安装示意图。
图 4为本发明检 系统的开关电气单线图。
图 5为本发明检 系统的电抗器与切换开关连接示意图。 具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明， 下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容，但本发 明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动 或修改， 这些等价形式同样在本申请所列权利要求书限定范围之内。
本发明提供的适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统可同时 满足 35kV和 10kV电压等级检测要求。 具体测试现场接线方式如图 1所示。
断开被测并网单元所连 35kV母线上的电源， 停止被测并网单元逆变器的输 出，将一次测试电缆接在被测并网单元并网断路器和另一并网单元并网断路器的 下侧。 被测光伏电站并网点通过进路断路器连接设备， 并通过 35kV电缆阻抗分 压器集装箱相连。 阻抗分压器再通过 35kV电缆与被测功率单元相连。 低电压穿 越检测装置集装箱的地线两两相连， 并通过功率单元车连接到集控车， 由集控车 连接到接地点。接线工作完成后， 被测单元并网断路器始终保持断开， 恢复其他 所有电源， 使电站正常运行。
工作状态 1 : 当断路器 CB1处于分位、 CB2处于合位、 CB3处于分位时， 逆变器直接通过 CB2上网， 检测装置只带电压， 无负载， 此状态下可以进行阻 抗分压器自动分接开关进行低电压穿越测试选点操作，也可以在功率状态不够测 试要求的状况下进行等待。
工作状态 2: 当断路器 CB1处于合位、 CB2处于分位， CB3操作状态时， 逆变器通过阻抗分压器上网， 当操作 CB3分合时就可以实现低电压穿越实验。 本发明一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统， 其特征 是：检测系统采用车载集装箱的结构，成套装置采用高度集成的设计集中在 3 个 集装箱内， 三只集装箱分别为 10kV跌落分压箱、 35kV 跌落分压箱和开关柜集 装箱。
本检测系统原理拓扑如图 2所示， 虚线框内为成套装置， 其中 CB1 为进线 开关， CB2 为旁路开关， CB3 为短路开关， K1 为隔离开关， Xsr、 Xsc 分别为 限流电抗和短路电抗。
( 1 )开关柜集装箱， 35kV SF6 高压开关柜 6屏、 2组 35kV ΡΤ、 1组 10kVPT、 1只电缆卷盘、高压电缆、 电缆 T 型接头、综保装置、集中控制柜、隔离变压器、 空调、 及检测工作站等。 本集装箱主要用于 CB1、 CB2、 CB3断路器及相关辅助 元件的集成，使得检测系统可以安全串入检测电站，提高 2个断开点及相关保护。
(2) 35kV 电抗器集装箱， 35kV 电抗器一套， 配套 35kV分接开关、 连接 电缆、 电缆转盘、 电缆 T 型接头、 加热器、 温湿度控制器、 散热风扇等。 本集 装箱主要用在测试 35kV电压等级的光伏电站中实现低电压切换功能。
(3 ) 10kV 电抗器集装箱， 10kV 电抗器一套， 配套 10kV分接开关、 连接 电缆、 电缆转盘、 电缆 T 型接头、 加热器、 温湿度控制器、 散热风扇等。 本集 装箱主要用在测试 10kV电压等级的光伏电站中实现低电压切换功能。
本系统可以适应高海拔地区气候与地理条件的检测设备系统设计要求。可实 现流程化系统性自动控制。 具体可达到的技术性能指标如下：
( 1 ) 系统可完成高海拔地区新能源电站 LVRT检测， 测试点共 5个， 能够 在 0%、 20%UN、 20%UN〜50%UN、 50%UN〜75%UN、 75%UN〜90%UN范围 进行电压跌落， 且跌落深度步距应控制在 5%Un， 电压跌落精度应控制在 士 2%Un, 跌落对系统侧电压影响低于 5%Un。
(2) 系统采用全自动化设计， 具备流程化测试功能。 无需人工进行电抗器 接线，在任意跌落深度进行低电压穿越实验时， 可通过控制界面自动实现电抗器 接线。
(3 ) 系统可实现三相对称跌落试验、 两相相间不对称跌落、 在升压变副边 为星形接地的条件下， 实现单相接地不对称跌落。 (4) 系统兼具风电和光伏两种电站的低检测能力， 控制界面可以完成风电 和光伏两种不同控制系统的切换， 覆盖范围广， 适应性强。
检测装置串联接入被测光伏电站。装置工作在旁路状态时， CB2 闭合， CB CB3 断开， 光伏单元正常发电； 装置工作在试验状态时， 合上 CB1、 断开 CB2 将限流电抗 Xsr投入， 然后闭合 CB3， 将短路电抗 Xsc 投入， 测试点 B 的电压 变为限流电抗与短路电抗的分压， 实现模拟电压跌落， 通过改变 B 点不同范围 内的跌落来检验被测光伏单元的低电压穿越特性。图 2中 K1 与旁路开关 CB2 配 合使用， 当 CB2 导通 CB1 断开时， K1 用于测试点与带电线路的隔离， 方便电 抗器自动更换分接头。
所述的适应高海拔地区气候与地理条件的检测设备系统设计， 其特征是：
( 1 ) 电抗器选型。 本电网故障模拟系统选取空心、 浇注式、 筒式结构、 铜 导线的单相电抗器。 系统 XI 电抗器的直径 850 电抗器高度 1750
( 2 ) 电抗器安装。 本检测系统安装于车载移动集装箱内， 将三只单相电抗 器品字型竖直安装， 底部加绝缘支柱， 底座加固， 并在顶部加连接固定横条， 横 条固定于集装箱两侧。 绝缘支柱及上端横条采用环氧树脂材料 （瓷介质易碎）， 具体安装如图 3所示。
( 3 ) 开关柜。 开关参数满足海拔 4000 米 35kV 电压等级要求， 开关电气 单线图如图 4所示：
( 4) T型接头。 T 型电缆接头选用 EPDM (三元乙丙橡胶）制成， 全绝缘， 全 密封， 具有很好的绝缘效果和防尘防沙效果。
所述的流程化系统性自动控制设计， 其特征是：
本电网故障模拟系统 35kV和 10kV 系统各配置一只多触点分接开关， 切换 开关的各个触点连接电抗器的各个抽头， 通过集控系统将限流电抗 Xsr 和短路 电抗 Xsc 优化组合， 达到精细调节限流、 短路电抗比， 选择不同跌落点时， 切 换开关根据电抗组合矩阵自动完成该跌落点的电抗连接，实现不同跌落点电抗自 动切换功能。 图 5为电抗器与切换开关连接示意图：
分接开关采用笼式竖型裸露设计， 为三相开关， 分接开关具有 Ll L2 L3 三个转盘， L1 转盘分三个档位， L2 转盘分二个档位， L3 转盘分四个档位。 每 个转盘配有一台电机， 由电机驱动转盘转动调节档位， 驱动电源为 AC380V 分接开关竖型安装，底座用固定支架支撑。分接开关外形设置及各触点间距 满足海拔 4000 米 35kV 电压等级应用要求。
以上仅为本发明的实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发明， 因此， 凡在本发明的 精神和原则之内， 所做的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的权 利要求范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统， 其特征在于: 检测系统采用车载集装箱的结构， 采用集成设计集中在 3 个集装箱内， 三只集 装箱分别为 10kV跌落分压箱、 35kV跌落分压箱和开关柜集装箱。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测 系统，其特征在于，开关柜集装箱包括 35kV SF6 高压开关柜 6屏、 2组 35kV PT、 1组 10kVPT、 1只电缆卷盘、 高压电缆、 电缆 T 型接头、 综保装置、 集中控制 柜、 隔离变压器、 空调、 及检测工作站。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测 系统， 其特征在于， 35kV跌落分压箱包括 35kV 电抗器一套， 配套 35kV分接 开关、 连接电缆、 电缆转盘、 电缆 T 型接头、 加热器、 温湿度控制器、 散热风 扇。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测 系统， 其特征在于， 10kV跌落分压箱包括 10kV 电抗器一套， 配套 10kV分接 开关、 连接电缆、 电缆转盘、 电缆 T 型接头、 加热器、 温湿度控制器、 散热风 扇。
PCT/CN2013/087860 2013-11-14 2013-11-26 一种适用于高海拔地区大型光伏电站低电压穿越检测系统 Ceased WO2015070482A1 (zh)

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