WO2015065433A1 - Dirigeable rigide utilisant un cadre rigide formé par des tubes gonflés à pression élevée - Google Patents

Dirigeable rigide utilisant un cadre rigide formé par des tubes gonflés à pression élevée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015065433A1
WO2015065433A1 PCT/US2013/067768 US2013067768W WO2015065433A1 WO 2015065433 A1 WO2015065433 A1 WO 2015065433A1 US 2013067768 W US2013067768 W US 2013067768W WO 2015065433 A1 WO2015065433 A1 WO 2015065433A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rigid
high pressure
rigid frame
airship
pressure inflated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/067768
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Chambers
Original Assignee
Tp Aerospace, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tp Aerospace, Inc. filed Critical Tp Aerospace, Inc.
Priority to PCT/US2013/067768 priority Critical patent/WO2015065433A1/fr
Publication of WO2015065433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015065433A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/08—Framework construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/14—Outer covering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/20—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships provided with wings or stabilising surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
    • B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
    • B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
    • B64B1/24—Arrangement of propulsion plant
    • B64B1/30—Arrangement of propellers
    • B64B1/32—Arrangement of propellers surrounding hull

Definitions

  • This invention relates to air craft in general, and more particularly to lighter-than-air craft. Background Of The Invention
  • Lighter-than-air craft are air vehicles which have a weight which is less than the weight of the air that they displace. As a result, lighter-than-air craft can be considered to "float” in the air, in much the same way that a naval craft "floats” in water.
  • a recreational "hot air” balloon is one well known lighter-than-air craft.
  • Airships constitute a common type of lighter- than-air craft. More particularly, airships are generally characterized by an elongated, somewhat cylindrical shape and propulsion means (e.g., engines and propellers) for actively propelling the airship through the air. This is in contrast to, for example, the aforementioned recreational hot air balloon, which has a generally top-shaped configuration and lacks propulsion means.
  • propulsion means e.g., engines and propellers
  • a blimp is essentially a large balloon having an elongated, somewhat
  • a semi-rigid airship essentially comprises a rigid spine to which is attached an elongated, somewhat cylindrical balloon and propulsion means, with the propulsion means, and a crew and passenger compartment, being secured to the rigid spine below the balloon structure.
  • a rigid airship essentially comprises a rigid frame which is covered with fabric (or a rigid skin) and which contains gas bags for providing lift to the airship, and propulsion means and crew and passenger compartments which are secured to the rigid frame anywhere within or on the rigid frame that is structurally and functionally suitable .
  • the present invention is directed to rigid airships, i.e., airships having a rigid frame which is covered with fabric (or a rigid skin) and which contains gas bags for providing lift to the airship.
  • rigid airships are preferable over other forms of airships because the "hull" of the airship, which is built about a rigid frame, has a constant size and shape, and a constant inflation pressure relative to the surrounding atmosphere, and hence an increased capacity to resist structural and aerodynamic loads regardless of the state of the lift gas cells (i.e., gas bags), atmospheric pressure and other system variables.
  • lift is adjusted by varying the volume of the gas- filled lift bags contained within the hull of the airship, not by varying the volume or pressure of the hull itself.
  • the hull can be formed with a desired aerodynamic shape, and this desired aerodynamic shape is maintained at all times.
  • lift is adjusted by either (i) varying the volume of the gas lift bags within the soft hull of the airship, which requires adjustment of the pressurization of the remaining contained volume of the airship, or (ii) varying the pressure of the entire lift gas-filled internal volume of the balloon.
  • blimps and semi-rigid airships it is inherently more difficult to maintain a desired aerodynamic shape for the hull of the airship as lift is adjusted.
  • it is constantly subjected to different dynamic forces, e.g.,
  • a rigid airship, with its rigid frame, is better able to resist these different dynamic forces and still maintain the desired aerodynamic shape for the
  • blimps and semi-rigid airships are less able to resist these different dynamic forces and can fail to maintain a desired aerodynamic shape for the hull of the airship. These differences mean that a rigid airship can go faster, and be larger, than either a semi-rigid or blimp airship.
  • the rigid frames of rigid airships have traditionally been fabricated from lightweight metal members ("sections"), e.g., steel or aluminum sections which are secured to one another. More recently, the rigid frames of rigid airships have been fabricated from composite or carbon fiber
  • inflated frame sections have been fabricated from simple plastic sheet stock which is welded together and then inflated. This plastic sheet stock has relatively low strength, as does its welds, and hence the inflated sections can only be inflated to a low pressure. As a result, each of these inflated sections has limited stiffness, and hence the inflated frame sections must have relatively small length-to-width aspect ratios in order to support the applied loads.
  • these low pressure inflated frame sections are believed to have a length-to-width aspect ratio of approximately 5:1 or less, and in any case less than 10:1.
  • these low pressure inflated frame sections are essentially large, flexible balloons which are arranged in the form of a "frame”, but which lack the rigidity of a true rigid airship frame, and hence also lack the structural capacity of a rigid airship frame.
  • an airship built on these low pressure inflated frame sections really constitutes more of a blimp than a rigid airship, and hence has significant limitations with respect to speed, size and load.
  • the present invention provides a new and improved rigid airship which addresses the deficiencies of the prior art .
  • the present invention provides a novel rigid airship which utilizes a rigid frame formed by high pressure inflated tubes, whereby to provide a rigid frame which is relatively easy and inexpensive to fabricate.
  • a rigid frame for a rigid airship comprising a plurality of high
  • a hull comprising a rigid frame covered by a skin, the rigid frame comprising a plurality of high pressure inflated tubes.
  • a method for transporting an object from a first location to a second location comprising:
  • a rigid airship comprising hull comprising a rigid frame covered by a skin, the rigid frame comprising a plurality of high pressure inflated tubes ;
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 are schematic views showing a novel rigid airship formed in accordance with the present invention, with the outer fabric (or rigid skin) of the rigid airship being rendered semi-transparent;
  • FIGs. 3-6 are schematic views showing another novel rigid airship formed in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGs. 7 and 8 are schematic views showing still another novel rigid airship formed in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figs. 9 and 10 are schematic views showing high pressure inflated tubes of the sort used to form the rigid frame of the rigid airships shown in Figs. 1 and 2, 3-6, and 7 and 8;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing the
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing three high pressure inflated tubes secured together so as to form a composite truss having a triangular cross-section.
  • the present invention provides a new and improved rigid airship which addresses the deficiencies of the prior art .
  • the present invention provides a novel rigid airship which utilizes a rigid frame formed by high pressure inflated tubes, whereby to provide a rigid frame which is relatively easy and inexpensive to fabricate.
  • Rigid airship 5 comprises a hull 10 having an elongated, somewhat cylindrical,
  • Hull 10 comprises a rigid frame 15 which is covered with fabric (or a rigid skin) 20.
  • rigid frame 15 comprises a plurality of circular hoop sections 22 connected by longitudinally-extending strut sections 23.
  • Gas bags 25 are disposed within hull 10 so as to provide lift for the rigid airship (Fig. 1 shows several representative gas bags 25 within hull 10) .
  • Propulsion means e.g., engines and propellers
  • hull 10 for propelling the rigid airship through the air, and control
  • a directable rear thruster 40 is provided at the stern of the rigid airship so as to provide additional stern control (e.g., during docking) .
  • a cockpit 45 is provided at the bow of rigid airship 5 for piloting the craft. Compartments (not shown) for passengers and/or freight may be provided at the bottom of the rigid airship or be located internal to rigid frame 15 within hull 10 of the rigid airship 5. Alternatively, freight may be supported by cables, etc. from the bottom of the rigid airship.
  • rigid frame 15 is formed out of a plurality of high pressure inflated tubes 50 which are assembled together so as to collectively form the complete rigid frame 15.
  • high pressure inflated tubes 50 preferably have a relatively small diameter (e.g., 4- 24 inches), and are inflated to a relatively high pressure (e.g., 25-100 psi, or higher), whereby to render high pressure inflated tubes 50 substantially rigid during normal operation.
  • a relatively high pressure e.g. 25-100 psi, or higher
  • the high pressure inflated tubes 50 can be formed with
  • rigid frame 15 comprises a plurality of circular hoop sections 22 and longitudinally-extending strut sections 23, an entire hoop section 22 may be formed out of a single high pressure inflated tube 50, and/or an entire longitudinally-extending strut section 23 may be formed out of a single high pressure inflated tube 50.
  • the high pressure inflated tubes 50 effectively form substantially rigid "air beams" for assembling rigid frame 15.
  • the term “rigid” is
  • Tubes 50 are secured to one another, e.g., by textile strapping, whereby to collectively form a substantially rigid frame using the high pressure inflated tubes 50.
  • rigid frame 15 provides the stiffness needed for structural integrity and load capacity, while being extremely lightweight and having frame sections of minimal diameter.
  • High pressure inflated tubes 50 are preferably formed out of an airtight knit structure, in order to (i) provide a structurally competent airtight casing able to resist the high pressure loads established within the inflatable tubes, and (ii) permit the inflatable tubes to be fabricated with the necessary pre-formed curvatures needed to achieve the desired aerodynamic shape for the airship.
  • high pressure inflated tubes 50 may be fabricated out of (i) an outer structural fabric, which is woven, knitted or braided from any aramid fibers such as Kevlar or vectran or other structural fibers such as polyester, that will resist the high inflation pressure of the tube (e.g., 25-100 psi, or higher), and (ii) an inner gas-impermeable liner fabricated from a gas-impermeable plastic such as polyurethane .
  • an outer structural fabric which is woven, knitted or braided from any aramid fibers such as Kevlar or vectran or other structural fibers such as polyester, that will resist the high inflation pressure of the tube (e.g., 25-100 psi, or higher)
  • an inner gas-impermeable liner fabricated from a gas-impermeable plastic such as polyurethane .
  • High pressure inflated tubes 50 may each be independently inflated, or groups of tubes may be inflated together, or all of the tubes in the airframe may be inflated together. In general, it is preferred that each of the high pressure inflated tubes 50 be independently inflated so as to ensure that the loss of inflation in one tube does not affect the inflation of other tubes.
  • High pressure inflated tubes 50 may be inflated with air, or with another gas, including a gas which is lighter than air, in which case the gas inflating high pressure inflated tubes 50 may add to the lift of the rigid airship.
  • gas inflating high pressure inflated tubes 50 may add to the lift of the rigid airship.
  • high pressure inflated tubes 50 may be inflated with helium. It is preferred that the interiors of the high pressure inflated tubes 50 be connected to surge tanks so as to accommodate changes in inflation pressure, and to facilitate recovery or supply of the inflation gas, particularly in the case where the inflation gas is helium.
  • Figs. 3-6 show another novel rigid airship 5 also formed in accordance with the present invention.
  • the rigid airship 5 shown in Figs. 3-6 is generally similar to the rigid airship 5 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, except that, among other things, its rigid frame 15 (which is formed out of the aforementioned high pressure inflated tubes 50) has its circular hoop sections 22 and its longitudinally-extending strut sections 23 laid out in a somewhat different
  • Figs. 7 and 8 show still another novel rigid airship 5 formed in accordance with the present invention.
  • the rigid airship 5 shown in Figs. 7 and 8 is generally similar to the rigid airship 5 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, except that, among other things, its rigid frame 15 (which is formed out of the
  • aforementioned high pressure inflated tubes 50 is configured with a somewhat flattened shape, e.g., so that it has more of an ovoid cross-sectional
  • Forming rigid frame 15 out of a plurality of high pressure inflated tubes 50 makes it possible to efficiently design, manufacture and assemble a rigid airship frame, and offers a number of significant advantages over traditional rigid frame constructions.
  • the following is a partial list of the advantages associated with forming rigid frame 15 out of a plurality of high pressure inflated tubes 50.
  • the components of the rigid frame are structural inflatables and, like metal and composite sections, are capable of withstanding considerable loads.
  • the high pressure inflated tubes 50 which are used to construct rigid frame 15 can be pre-shaped to conform to the changing curve of an airship's hull, opening up the possibility of making entire longitudinal and ring girders (i.e., the aforementioned longitudinally-extending strut sections 23 and the aforementioned hoop sections 22) in one piece (see, for example, Figs. 9 and 10), which is a significant advantage over the prior art frame
  • the components of the rigid frame of the present invention i.e., high pressure inflated tubes 50
  • the components of the rigid frame of the present invention are still extremely resilient and can withstand considerable loads without being destroyed.
  • the high pressure inflated tubes 50 have a fool-proof, yet simple, method of withstanding excessive loads, i.e., by simply flexing and then springing back into shape again once the strain returns to normal. This is achieved by internal strain energy that acts as the tube's own surge tank, providing a similar action to that of air springs and dampers on trucks (see Fig. 11) .
  • This attribute makes the high pressure inflated tubes 50 particularly effective for use in large airship frames, where they can flex as necessary without incurring fatigue.
  • rigid frame 15 makes the rigid frame highly impact tolerant.
  • a conventional rigid frame can fail under load and take a permanent deformation which destroys its structural capacity and, in the case of a rigid airship, its aerodynamic performance.
  • a low pressure inflated frame may stay deformed after the excess load is removed.
  • Rigid frames formed from the high pressure inflated tubes 50 are quicker to assemble and deploy, meaning both the infrastructure and manpower required is relatively low, saving time and money, and preserving resources.
  • Rigid frames formed from the high pressure inflated tubes 50 are corrosion resistant and thus require little or no maintenance. They are also highly puncture resistant and surpass all certification requirements.
  • Rigid frames formed from the high pressure inflated tubes 50 may be inflated only once and can remain at the same pressure for years without needing any re-inflation.
  • On-board monitoring systems are provided to ensure that each of the high pressure inflated tubes 50 in hull 10 stays at the required pressure.
  • the high pressure inflated tubes 50 are preferably manufactured using a variety of weaving, knitting or braiding techniques with special ballistic fibres that allow inflations to very high pressures. Maximum pressures of 900 psi have been achieved, but normally the pressure will vary between 25-100 psi, or more, depending on the size and load capacity of the rigid airship 5, the diameter of high pressure inflated tubes 50, etc. This means that the rigid frame 15 can be designed to be as strong as necessary for the intended role.
  • high pressure inflated tubes 50 are inflated to a high pressure (e.g., 25-100 psi, or more) , changes in ambient temperature only cause a minor change in the internal pressure of high pressure inflated tubes 50 and hence only cause a minor change in stiffness and load capacity (by contrast, low pressure inflatable structures change pressure
  • the hull of the rigid airship can have a curvature which forms a lifting body, which is sometimes known as a "hybrid airship".
  • hull 10 can have an aeroform that adds aerodynamic lift to the rigid airship, resulting in a more efficient air craft. See, for example, Figs. 7 and 8, which show a rigid airship 5 which has a hull 10 which is shaped to provide aerodynamic lift to the rigid airship.
  • Inflated Tube In addition to the foregoing, due to the construction of rigid frame 15, if one or more of the high pressure inflated tubes 50 should fail, adjacent high pressure inflated tubes 50 may be easily overinflated so as to compensate for a failed tube.
  • high pressure inflated tubes 50 can be formed with non- circular cross-sections, e.g., oval, triangular, rectangular, etc.
  • High Pressure Inflated Tubes are ganged together (e.g., by securing two or more high pressure inflated tubes 50 alongside one another) so as to further enhance their structural capacity.
  • ganging together two or more high pressure inflated tubes 50 can provide an
  • pressure inflated tubes 50 may be secured together so as to form a composite truss having a triangular cross-section. See, for example, Fig. 12.
  • the high pressure inflated tubes 50 can be used to store lift gas, e.g., one or more of the high pressure inflated tubes 50 can be over-pressurized with helium so as to serve as a source of helium when more lift gas is required .
  • a lift gas may be used to pressurize the high pressure inflated tubes 50, and the pressure of this inflating lift gas can be adjusted as desired so as to adjust the buoyancy of the airship.
  • the pressure of a lift gas filling tubes 50 may be adjusted as necessary so as to achieve zero or positive buoyancy for hull 10 of rigid airship 5.
  • Tables 1 and 2 provide examples of the
  • R radius of torus at its centreline Units are ft : ft A 2. ft A 3

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dirigeable rigide comprenant une coque qui comprend un cadre rigide couvert par une peau, le cadre rigide comprenant une pluralité de tubes gonflés à pression élevée. Les aéronefs plus légers que l'air sont des véhicules aériens qui présentent un poids qui est inférieur au poids de l'air qu'ils déplacent. Par conséquent, un aéronef plus léger que l'air peut être considéré comme « flottant » dans l'air, pratiquement de la même façon qu'un navire « flotte » sur l'eau. Sous forme d'exemple, mais sans limitation, un ballon à « air chaud » récréatif est un aéronef plus léger que l'air bien connu.
PCT/US2013/067768 2013-10-31 2013-10-31 Dirigeable rigide utilisant un cadre rigide formé par des tubes gonflés à pression élevée WO2015065433A1 (fr)

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PCT/US2013/067768 WO2015065433A1 (fr) 2013-10-31 2013-10-31 Dirigeable rigide utilisant un cadre rigide formé par des tubes gonflés à pression élevée

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PCT/US2013/067768 WO2015065433A1 (fr) 2013-10-31 2013-10-31 Dirigeable rigide utilisant un cadre rigide formé par des tubes gonflés à pression élevée

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104859833A (zh) * 2015-06-09 2015-08-26 哈尔滨工业大学 纵向支撑管与倾斜椭圆环贯通式连接组成的飞艇支撑结构
WO2017081406A1 (fr) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-18 Wind Fisher Aéronef mis en œuvre dans un système de production d'énergie électrique
CN107399421A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-11-28 深圳光启空间技术有限公司 蒙皮、浮空器及蒙皮的制作方法
CN110466730A (zh) * 2019-08-24 2019-11-19 哈尔滨工业大学 一种基于空气囊隔膜及充气环骨架的飞艇结构设计方法
WO2020206817A1 (fr) * 2019-04-08 2020-10-15 上海交通大学 Dirigeable à structure semi-rigide de grande envergure
CN111806668A (zh) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-23 上海交通大学 基于仿生的半硬式鱼骨结构飞艇
WO2023209319A1 (fr) 2022-04-24 2023-11-02 Morrey Martin Aérostat de haute altitude à grande superficie
RU2820177C1 (ru) * 2023-10-27 2024-05-30 Михаил Юрьевич Штефан Каркас дискообразного дирижабля и дирижабль, содержащий такой каркас

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5115998A (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-05-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Annular balloon
US5697579A (en) * 1996-05-06 1997-12-16 Hayashi; Masahiko Aircraft having inflatable tubular support structure
US20050269441A1 (en) * 2004-05-24 2005-12-08 The Boeing Company High-aspect ratio hybrid airship
US20080135678A1 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-06-12 Heaven George H Buoyancy control system for an airship

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5115998A (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-05-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Annular balloon
US5697579A (en) * 1996-05-06 1997-12-16 Hayashi; Masahiko Aircraft having inflatable tubular support structure
US20050269441A1 (en) * 2004-05-24 2005-12-08 The Boeing Company High-aspect ratio hybrid airship
US20080135678A1 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-06-12 Heaven George H Buoyancy control system for an airship

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104859833A (zh) * 2015-06-09 2015-08-26 哈尔滨工业大学 纵向支撑管与倾斜椭圆环贯通式连接组成的飞艇支撑结构
WO2017081406A1 (fr) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-18 Wind Fisher Aéronef mis en œuvre dans un système de production d'énergie électrique
CN107399421A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2017-11-28 深圳光启空间技术有限公司 蒙皮、浮空器及蒙皮的制作方法
CN107399421B (zh) * 2016-05-19 2024-03-15 深圳光启空间技术有限公司 蒙皮、浮空器及蒙皮的制作方法
WO2020206817A1 (fr) * 2019-04-08 2020-10-15 上海交通大学 Dirigeable à structure semi-rigide de grande envergure
US20220089269A1 (en) * 2019-04-08 2022-03-24 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Large-Scale Semi-Rigid Structure Airship
CN110466730A (zh) * 2019-08-24 2019-11-19 哈尔滨工业大学 一种基于空气囊隔膜及充气环骨架的飞艇结构设计方法
CN111806668A (zh) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-23 上海交通大学 基于仿生的半硬式鱼骨结构飞艇
CN111806668B (zh) * 2020-07-17 2022-06-03 上海交通大学 基于仿生的半硬式鱼骨结构飞艇
WO2023209319A1 (fr) 2022-04-24 2023-11-02 Morrey Martin Aérostat de haute altitude à grande superficie
RU2820177C1 (ru) * 2023-10-27 2024-05-30 Михаил Юрьевич Штефан Каркас дискообразного дирижабля и дирижабль, содержащий такой каркас

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