WO2015062189A1 - Method and apparatus for recovering caprolactam in benzene distillation residue - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for recovering caprolactam in benzene distillation residue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015062189A1
WO2015062189A1 PCT/CN2014/072544 CN2014072544W WO2015062189A1 WO 2015062189 A1 WO2015062189 A1 WO 2015062189A1 CN 2014072544 W CN2014072544 W CN 2014072544W WO 2015062189 A1 WO2015062189 A1 WO 2015062189A1
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Prior art keywords
caprolactam
benzene
water
vapor residue
centrifugal extractor
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PCT/CN2014/072544
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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白志山
古文全
张�杰
刘文君
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华东理工大学
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Publication of WO2015062189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015062189A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0476Moving receptacles, e.g. rotating receptacles
    • B01D11/048Mixing by counter-current streams provoked by centrifugal force, in rotating coils or in other rotating spaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D201/00Preparation, separation, purification or stabilisation of unsubstituted lactams
    • C07D201/16Separation or purification
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D223/00Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D223/02Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D223/06Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D223/08Oxygen atoms
    • C07D223/10Oxygen atoms attached in position 2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for recycling caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue of a caprolactam production device, and more particularly, the invention relates to extracting, separating and recovering a benzene vapor residue generated in a caprolactam production process by using a centrifugal extractor.
  • Method and apparatus Background technique
  • Caprolactam is an important organic chemical raw material, mainly used as raw material for the production of polyamide 6 engineering plastics and polyamide 6 fiber.
  • caprolactam can also be used to produce anti-platelet drug 6-aminocaproic acid to produce laurel Ketones, etc., are widely used.
  • the production of caprolactam in China has increased in recent years, it still cannot meet the needs of the development of the chemical fiber industry and the plastic products industry, and the import volume is increasing. According to customs statistics, the average annual growth rate of imports in 2000-2005 was about 15.07%. China's caprolactam dependence is so high.
  • the development of caprolactam industry in China is facing technical difficulties.
  • the “Detailed Rules for the Adjustment and Revitalization of Petrochemical Industry” issued by the State Council proposed to increase the key technology industries such as caprolactam. Input.
  • the caprolactam production process is long, the number of processes is large, the equipment is large, and the circulating materials are large, resulting in large consumption of raw materials, many by-products and intermediate products, difficulty in separation, large discharge of three wastes and high content of caprolactam.
  • the 200,000 tonne/year caprolactam production unit will produce about 200 kg/h of benzene vapor residue in the benzene steaming process, and the caprolactam content is as high as 20-50%.
  • caprolactam production companies are mostly sold to other companies at low prices, or directly incinerated. Dealing with, resulting in great waste of resources, is not conducive to improving the competitiveness of enterprises. If this part of caprolactam is recycled, it will bring good economic benefits to the company.
  • the invention provides a novel method and a device for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, which utilizes a centrifugal extractor to extract and separate caprolactam from a benzene vapor residue in caprolactam production, thereby effectively solving the loss of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue. , improved the production of caprolactam and reduced environmental pollution, thus solving Problems in the prior art.
  • the invention provides a method of recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the method comprising the steps of:
  • step (d) The caprolactam-rich aqueous solution separated in the step (c) is recycled, and the caprolactam benzene vapor residue incineration treatment is removed.
  • the crude oil produced by the amidation reaction is produced by benzene extraction and water extraction, and then distilled in a benzene distillation column; the main component is 20-50% caprolactam. 20 to 50% of benzene, and 2% of benzene-soluble impurities and water-soluble impurities, based on the weight of the benzene vapor residue.
  • the caprolactam-rich aqueous solution separated in the step (c) is returned to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refinery unit for recycling, and the benzene vapor residue of the caprolactam is removed and sent to the waste liquid for concentration.
  • the device is incinerated.
  • the centrifugal extractor employs single-stage extraction or multi-stage countercurrent extraction; the volumetric flow rate of water as the extractant is 10-200% by volume of the volume flow rate of the benzene vapor residue.
  • step (a) the benzene vapor residue and water after the distillation of the benzene vapor column are fed to the centrifugal extractor from different inlets.
  • step (b) the benzene vapor residue and water are thoroughly mixed and mass transferred between the high speed rotating inner cylinder of the centrifugal extractor and the stationary outer cylinder.
  • the present invention provides a device for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the device comprising: a centrifugal extractor for receiving a benzene vapor residue and water after steaming of a benzene distillation column connected thereto; The benzene vapor residue and water are thoroughly mixed and mass-transported so that the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is extracted into water; and the liquid mixture-liquid separation of the benzene vapor residue and the water is separated to separate the caprolactam-rich The aqueous solution and the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam was removed.
  • the apparatus further comprises a benzene extraction column connected to the centrifugal extractor for recycling the separated caprolactam-rich aqueous solution; and a waste liquid concentrating device connected to the centrifugal extractor.
  • the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam has been removed is concentrated and incinerated.
  • the centrifugal extractor has a motor speed of 100-3000 r/min.
  • the centrifugal extractor has an operating temperature of from 50 ° C to 130 ° C.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the process of extracting and separating caprolactam from a benzene vapor residue in a centrifugal extractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the process of extracting and separating caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue according to another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • caprolactam In the production process of caprolactam, the benzene vapor residue contains a higher content of caprolactam, and the caprolactam production enterprises mostly sell their low price to other enterprises or incinerate, resulting in great waste of resources, which is not conducive to improving the competitiveness of enterprises;
  • Centrifugal extraction technology is a new type of extraction and separation technology developed in recent years. It has the characteristics of compact structure, large processing capacity, stable operation, low power consumption, convenient cleaning and maintenance, etc. Since centrifugal force usually reaches several hundred times of gravity, centrifugal extraction separator It is especially suitable for the treatment of systems with small density difference between two phases, high viscosity and easy emulsification.
  • the separation of gravity phase separation requires a two-phase density difference of more than 0.1 g/cm 3 , while in a centrifugal extractor, the density difference between two phases can be as small as 0.01g/cm 3 ;
  • General equipment is difficult to mix for systems with large density difference or high viscosity of two phases, and the centrifugal extractor has a powerful mixing function, which can fully mix the two-phase flow, making the two-phase flow easy.
  • the reaction or mass transfer is carried out; and the system with small difference in specific gravity or large viscosity is easy to separate; the mixing and separation of the mixture in the centrifugal extractor is almost simultaneously performed in one apparatus, and the separation effect is particularly good.
  • the problem of heavy weight can be achieved by mixing, mass transfer and separation of the benzene vapor residue and water in a centrifugal extractor by using a water washing method, and returning the separated caprolactam-rich aqueous solution to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refining unit. Recycling, removing the benzene vapor residue of caprolactam into the waste liquid concentration device and incinerating;
  • the above separation uses a centrifugal extractor to extract and separate the benzene vapor residue in the production of caprolactam.
  • the lactam takes into account the advantages of large flexibility, no clogging, short separation time and high efficiency of the centrifugal extractor.
  • the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is separated by water washing, which improves the utilization rate and reduces the pollution. Economic and social benefits.
  • the system is difficult to mix for a system with a large difference in density between two phases or a large viscosity, and the centrifugal extractor has a powerful mixing function, so that the two-phase stream can be thoroughly mixed, so that the two-phase stream can be easily reacted or mass-transferred;
  • separation is easy.
  • the mixing and separation of the mixture in the centrifugal extractor is almost simultaneously performed in one equipment, and the separation effect is particularly good, thus improving product quality and The product yield is increased, the process is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.
  • the invention fully considers the advantages of large flexibility, no clogging, short separation time and high efficiency of the centrifugal extractor, and the extraction and separation of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue by a centrifugal extractor is performed. The loss of caprolactam is reduced.
  • a method of recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue comprising the steps of:
  • the crude oil produced by the amidation reaction of the benzene vapor residue is produced by benzene extraction and water extraction and then steaming in a benzene distillation tower, and the main component thereof is: about 20 to 50% of caprolactam. About 20 to 50% of benzene and about 2% of benzene-soluble impurities and water-soluble impurities, based on the weight of the benzene vapor residue.
  • caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is recovered by a water washing method.
  • the volume flow rate of water as an extractant is 10-200 volumes of the volume flow rate of the benzene vapor residue.
  • a device for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue comprising: a centrifugal extracting machine for receiving the benzene vapor residue and water after steaming of the benzene distillation tower connected thereto; fully mixing and massing the benzene vapor residue and water to make caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue Extracted into water; and liquid-liquid separation of the mixture of benzene vapor residue and water, separating the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam and the benzene vapor residue from caprolactam.
  • the centrifugal extractor comprises a motor, a stationary outer cylinder, a high-speed rotating inner cylinder, an inlet for supplying benzene vapor residue, an inlet for supplying water, and one for The outlet of the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam is removed is discharged, and an outlet for discharging the aqueous solution containing caprolactam is discharged.
  • centrifugal extractor there is no particular limitation on the centrifugal extractor to be used, and those skilled in the art can determine whether the centrifugal extractor adopts single or multiple stages according to the actual separation effect, in order to achieve the desired effect.
  • the centrifugal extractor is an apparatus which integrates mixing and separation and separates by centrifugal force.
  • the structural characteristics and principles of the centrifugal extractor can be found in Chinese patents ZL 96250989.2, ZL 200720103434.X, etc.
  • the working speed of the centrifugal extractor is not particularly limited in principle, and those skilled in the art can make flexible selections according to actual needs according to actual production needs, generally at 100-3000 r/min, preferably 700-3000 rpm. The scope.
  • the operating temperature of the centrifugal extractor is not particularly limited in principle, and those skilled in the art can make flexible selections according to actual needs according to actual production needs, generally at 50 ° C to 130 ° C, preferably 60. °C ⁇ 70 ° C range.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the process of extracting and separating caprolactam from a benzene vapor residue in a centrifugal extractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the benzene vapor residue from the benzene steaming tower 2 flows by gravity into the inlet of the centrifugal extractor 1, and the water (water washing water) enters the other inlet of the centrifugal extractor 1, and the benzene vapor residue and water enter.
  • the mixture is thoroughly mixed and mass-transferd, and the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is introduced into the water.
  • the benzene and the oil-soluble impurities are sent to the waste liquid concentration device for incineration treatment as a waste liquid; the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam is returned to the caprolactam refining process.
  • the benzene extraction column of the unit is reused as a raw material, and the benzene from the benzene distillation column 2 is returned to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refining unit, and is reused as a raw material.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a process of extracting and separating caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the crude oil enters the benzene extraction column 4 through the upper inlet of the benzene extraction column 4, and the benzene is pumped into the benzene extraction column 4 through the lower inlet of the benzene extraction column 4 through the pump 3; after extraction in the benzene extraction column 4, benzene
  • the caprolactam and the oil-soluble impurities are discharged through the upper outlet of the benzene extraction column 4, and enter the water extraction column 5 through the lower inlet of the water extraction column 5, and the raffinate It is discharged through the lower outlet of the benzene extraction column 4; the washing water is washed into the water extraction column 5 through the upper inlet of the water extraction column 5 for water washing; the caprolactam-rich benzene and the oil-soluble impurities are discharged through the upper outlet of the water extraction column
  • the inlet of the column 2 enters the benzene distillation column 2, and the water and caprolactam are discharged through the lower outlet of the water extraction column 5; the benzene vapor residue from the lower outlet of the benzene distillation column 2 flows by gravity into the centrifugal extraction machine 1 At the inlet, the washing water enters the other inlet of the centrifugal extractor 1, and the benzene vapor residue and water enter the centrifugal extractor 1 to be thoroughly mixed and mass-transferd, so that the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue enters the water, and the benzene and the oil-soluble impurities act as
  • the waste liquid is sent to a waste liquid concentrating device for incineration treatment; the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam is returned to the benzene extraction column 4 of the caprolactam refinery unit, and reused as a raw material (recycling of water and caprolactam), and benzene from the benzene steaming tower 2
  • the present invention uses a centrifugal extractor to extract and separate caprolactam from the benzene vapor residue in caprolactam production, which overcomes the problem that it is difficult to recycle caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue by the existing separation technique, and reduces the load of incineration treatment. , saving energy consumption;
  • the device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement, is easy to operate, and is suitable for long-cycle operation;
  • the device of the present invention has a small investment, a small size, and a small footprint.
  • the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is separated and recovered by the method of the present invention, thereby achieving high efficiency and high efficiency.
  • Accuracy, low energy consumption, the purpose of recovering caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue, the economic benefit of caprolactam recovery is greatly improved, and environmental problems are solved.
  • the specific operation process and effects are as follows:
  • Benzene vapor residue The material is a mixture of an organic phase and an inorganic phase, and the content of caprolactam is about 40%.
  • the rated flow rate is 2t/h, the temperature is 60-80 ° C, and the average is about 70 ° C.
  • washing water The flow rate is 20% by volume of the benzene vapor residue, 0.4t/h, and the temperature is 50-60°C, and the average is about 57°C.
  • the motor speed of the centrifugal extractor is 900r/min.
  • Benzene vapor residue The material is a mixture of an organic phase and an inorganic phase, and the content of caprolactam is about 40%.
  • the rated flow rate is 2t/h, the temperature is 60-80 °C, and the average is about 70 °C.
  • washing water The flow rate is 50% by volume of the benzene vapor residue, which is 1.0 t/h, and the temperature is 50-60 ° C, and the average is about 57 ° C.
  • the motor speed of the centrifugal extractor is 900r/min.
  • Benzene vapor residue The material is a mixture of an organic phase and an inorganic phase, and the content of caprolactam is about 40%.
  • the rated flow rate is 2t/h, the temperature is 60-80 °C, and the average is about 70 °C.
  • washing water The flow rate is 100% by volume of the benzene vapor residue, which is 2.0 t/h, and the temperature is 50-60 ° C, and the average is about 57 ° C.
  • the motor speed of the centrifugal extractor is 900r/min.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Other In-Based Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for recovering caprolactam in benzene distillation residue, and provides a method for recovering caprolactam in benzene distillation residue, comprising the following steps: (a) separately feeding into a centrifugal extractor the benzene distillation residue and water obtained after distillation in a benzene distillation column; (b) causing the benzene distillation residue and water fully to mix and undergo mass transfer in the centrifugal extractor, in order to extract the caprolactam in the benzene distillation residue into the water; (c) performing liquid-liquid separation of the mixed solution of benzene distillation residue and water by means of the centrifugal extractor, in order to separate an aqueous solution rich in caprolactam and the benzene distillation residue from which the caprolactam has been removed; and (d) recycling the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam separated out in step (c), and incinerating the benzene distillation residue from which the caprolactam has been removed. The apparatus for recovering caprolactam in benzene distillation residue is also provided.

Description

苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的方法和装置 技术领域  Method and device for recovering caprolactam in benzene vapor residue
本发明涉及对己内酰胺生产装置苯蒸残液中己内酰胺进行回收利用的方法 和装置, 更具体地说, 本发明涉及利用离心萃取机对己内酰胺生产过程中产生的 苯蒸残液进行萃取分离和回收的方法和装置。 背景技术  The invention relates to a method and a device for recycling caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue of a caprolactam production device, and more particularly, the invention relates to extracting, separating and recovering a benzene vapor residue generated in a caprolactam production process by using a centrifugal extractor. Method and apparatus. Background technique
己内酰胺 (CPL)是一种重要的有机化工原料, 主要用做生产聚酰胺 6 工程塑 料和聚酰胺 6纤维的原料, 此外, 己内酰胺还可用于生产抗血小板药物 6-氨基己 酸, 生产月桂氮卓酮等, 用途十分广泛。 尽管近年来我国己内酰胺产量有一定的 增长, 但仍不能满足化学纤维工业和塑料制品业发展的需求, 进口量不断增加。 据海关统计, 2000-2005年进口量的年均增长率约为 15.07 %。 我国己内酰胺对外 依存度如此之高,主要原因之一是我国己内酰胺产业的发展面临着技术难题, 2009 年 5月份国务院发布的 《石化产业调整和振兴规划细则》 就提出了加大己内酰胺 等关键技术产业化的投入。  Caprolactam (CPL) is an important organic chemical raw material, mainly used as raw material for the production of polyamide 6 engineering plastics and polyamide 6 fiber. In addition, caprolactam can also be used to produce anti-platelet drug 6-aminocaproic acid to produce laurel Ketones, etc., are widely used. Although the production of caprolactam in China has increased in recent years, it still cannot meet the needs of the development of the chemical fiber industry and the plastic products industry, and the import volume is increasing. According to customs statistics, the average annual growth rate of imports in 2000-2005 was about 15.07%. China's caprolactam dependence is so high. One of the main reasons is that the development of caprolactam industry in China is facing technical difficulties. In May 2009, the “Detailed Rules for the Adjustment and Revitalization of Petrochemical Industry” issued by the State Council proposed to increase the key technology industries such as caprolactam. Input.
己内酰胺生产工艺流程长、 工序多、 设备多、 循环物料大, 导致原料消耗量 大, 副产物和中间产物多, 分离困难, 三废排放量较大且己内酰胺含量高。 20万 吨 /年的己内酰胺生产装置在苯蒸熘工序会产生 200kg/h左右的苯蒸残液, 己内酰 胺含量高达 20-50%, 现在己内酰胺生产企业大多低价卖给其他企业, 或者直接进 行焚烧处理, 造成极大的资源浪费, 不利于提高企业的竞争力。 如若这部分己内 酰胺得到回收, 必将给企业带来良好的经济效益。  The caprolactam production process is long, the number of processes is large, the equipment is large, and the circulating materials are large, resulting in large consumption of raw materials, many by-products and intermediate products, difficulty in separation, large discharge of three wastes and high content of caprolactam. The 200,000 tonne/year caprolactam production unit will produce about 200 kg/h of benzene vapor residue in the benzene steaming process, and the caprolactam content is as high as 20-50%. Now, caprolactam production companies are mostly sold to other companies at low prices, or directly incinerated. Dealing with, resulting in great waste of resources, is not conducive to improving the competitiveness of enterprises. If this part of caprolactam is recycled, it will bring good economic benefits to the company.
因此, 本领域迫切需要开发出对生产中苯蒸残液进行回收处理以实现己内酰 胺的回收利用, 大大减少生产中己内酰胺的损失, 降低生产成本和焚烧处理的负 荷, 提高生产效率, 适用于己内酰胺或类似装置中苯蒸残液的回收的新方法。 发明内容  Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to develop a process for recovering benzene vapor residue in production to achieve the recovery and utilization of caprolactam, greatly reducing the loss of caprolactam in production, reducing the production cost and the burden of incineration treatment, and improving production efficiency, and is suitable for caprolactam or A new method for the recovery of benzene vapor residue in similar plants. Summary of the invention
本发明提供了一种新颖的苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的方法和装置, 利用离心 萃取机对己内酰胺生产中苯蒸残液中己内酰胺进行萃取分离, 有效地解决了苯蒸 残液内己内酰胺的流失, 提高了己内酰胺的产量, 减轻了环境污染, 从而解决了 现有技术中存在的问题。 The invention provides a novel method and a device for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, which utilizes a centrifugal extractor to extract and separate caprolactam from a benzene vapor residue in caprolactam production, thereby effectively solving the loss of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue. , improved the production of caprolactam and reduced environmental pollution, thus solving Problems in the prior art.
一方面, 本发明提供了一种苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的方法, 该方法包括以 下步骤:  In one aspect, the invention provides a method of recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the method comprising the steps of:
( a) 将苯蒸熘塔蒸熘后的苯蒸残液和水分别送入离心萃取机中;  (a) feeding the benzene vapor residue and water after steaming the benzene steaming tower to the centrifugal extractor;
( b )使苯蒸残液和水在离心萃取机内进行充分的混合和传质, 以使苯蒸残液 中的己内酰胺被萃取到水中;  (b) allowing the benzene vapor residue and water to be thoroughly mixed and mass-transported in a centrifugal extractor so that the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is extracted into the water;
( c ) 使用离心萃取机对苯蒸残液和水的混合液进行液-液分离, 分离出富含 己内酰胺的水溶液和去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液; 以及  (c) performing a liquid-liquid separation of the mixture of the benzene vapor residue and the water using a centrifugal extractor to separate the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam and the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam is removed;
( d ) 将所述步骤 (c)中分离出的富含己内酰胺的水溶液回收利用, 去除了己 内酰胺的苯蒸残液焚烧处理。  (d) The caprolactam-rich aqueous solution separated in the step (c) is recycled, and the caprolactam benzene vapor residue incineration treatment is removed.
在一个优选的实施方式中, 所述苯蒸残液由酰胺化反应产生的粗油经苯萃取 和水萃取后在苯蒸熘塔中蒸熘后产生;其主要成分为 20~50%的己内酰胺、 20~50% 的苯、 以及 2%的苯溶性杂质和水溶性杂质, 以苯蒸残液的重量计。  In a preferred embodiment, the crude oil produced by the amidation reaction is produced by benzene extraction and water extraction, and then distilled in a benzene distillation column; the main component is 20-50% caprolactam. 20 to 50% of benzene, and 2% of benzene-soluble impurities and water-soluble impurities, based on the weight of the benzene vapor residue.
在另一个优选的实施方式中, 所述步骤 (c)中分离出的富含己内酰胺的水溶液 返回到己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔进行回收利用, 去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液送 到废液浓缩装置后焚烧处理。  In another preferred embodiment, the caprolactam-rich aqueous solution separated in the step (c) is returned to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refinery unit for recycling, and the benzene vapor residue of the caprolactam is removed and sent to the waste liquid for concentration. The device is incinerated.
在另一个优选的实施方式中,所述离心萃取机采用单级萃取或多级逆流萃取; 作为萃取剂的水的体积流量为苯蒸残液的体积流量的 10-200体积%。  In another preferred embodiment, the centrifugal extractor employs single-stage extraction or multi-stage countercurrent extraction; the volumetric flow rate of water as the extractant is 10-200% by volume of the volume flow rate of the benzene vapor residue.
在另一个优选的实施方式中, 在步骤 (a) 中, 苯蒸熘塔蒸熘后的苯蒸残液和 水分别由不同的入口送入离心萃取机中。  In another preferred embodiment, in step (a), the benzene vapor residue and water after the distillation of the benzene vapor column are fed to the centrifugal extractor from different inlets.
在另一个优选的实施方式中, 在步骤(b ) 中, 苯蒸残液和水在离心萃取机的 高速旋转的内筒和静止的外筒之间进行充分的混合和传质。  In another preferred embodiment, in step (b), the benzene vapor residue and water are thoroughly mixed and mass transferred between the high speed rotating inner cylinder of the centrifugal extractor and the stationary outer cylinder.
另一方面, 本发明提供了一种苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的装置, 该装置包括: 离心萃取机, 用于接收与其连接的苯蒸熘塔蒸熘后的苯蒸残液和水; 将苯蒸 残液和水进行充分的混合和传质, 以使苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺被萃取到水中; 并 对苯蒸残液和水的混合液进行液-液分离,分离出富含己内酰胺的水溶液和去除了 己内酰胺的苯蒸残液。  In another aspect, the present invention provides a device for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the device comprising: a centrifugal extractor for receiving a benzene vapor residue and water after steaming of a benzene distillation column connected thereto; The benzene vapor residue and water are thoroughly mixed and mass-transported so that the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is extracted into water; and the liquid mixture-liquid separation of the benzene vapor residue and the water is separated to separate the caprolactam-rich The aqueous solution and the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam was removed.
在一个优选的实施方式中, 该装置还包括与离心萃取机连接的苯萃塔, 用于 对分离出的富含己内酰胺的水溶液进行回收利用; 以及与离心萃取机连接的废液 浓缩装置, 用于将去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液浓缩后焚烧处理。 在另一个优选的实施方式中, 所述离心萃取机的电机转速为 100-3000r/min。 在另一个优选的实施方式中, 离心萃取机的工作温度为 50°C〜130°C。 In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a benzene extraction column connected to the centrifugal extractor for recycling the separated caprolactam-rich aqueous solution; and a waste liquid concentrating device connected to the centrifugal extractor. The benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam has been removed is concentrated and incinerated. In another preferred embodiment, the centrifugal extractor has a motor speed of 100-3000 r/min. In another preferred embodiment, the centrifugal extractor has an operating temperature of from 50 ° C to 130 ° C.
附图说明  DRAWINGS
根据结合附图进行的如下详细说明, 本发明的目的和特征将变得更加明显, 附图中:  The objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the accompanying claims
图 1是根据本发明一个实施方式的离心萃取机对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行 萃取分离的过程示意图。  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the process of extracting and separating caprolactam from a benzene vapor residue in a centrifugal extractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图 2是根据本发明另一个实施方式的对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行萃取分离 的过程示意图。 具体实施方式  Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the process of extracting and separating caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue according to another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
本申请的发明人在长期的工程实践与实验研究过程中发现:  The inventors of the present application discovered during the long-term engineering practice and experimental research:
在己内酰胺生产过程中, 苯蒸残液中含有较高含量的己内酰胺, 而己内酰胺 生产企业大多将其低价卖给其他企业或者焚烧处理, 造成极大的资源浪费, 不利 于提高企业的竞争力;  In the production process of caprolactam, the benzene vapor residue contains a higher content of caprolactam, and the caprolactam production enterprises mostly sell their low price to other enterprises or incinerate, resulting in great waste of resources, which is not conducive to improving the competitiveness of enterprises;
离心萃取技术是近年发展起来的新型萃取分离技术, 具有结构紧凑、 处理能 力大、 运转平稳、 功耗低、 清洗维护方便等特点, 由于离心力通常可达重力的几 百倍, 所以离心萃取分离机特别适合处理两相密度差小、粘度大和易乳化的体系, 如在重力分相的分离中要求两相密度差大于 0.1g/cm3, 而在离心萃取机中, 两相 密度差可以小至 0.01g/cm3 ;—般设备对于两相密度差很大或粘度很大的体系不易 混合, 而离心萃取机具有强大的混合功能, 可使两相物流充分混合, 使两相物流 间很容易地进行反应或传质; 而对比重差较小或粘度大的体系, 也很容易进行分 离; 离心萃取机中混合物的混合与分离是在一个设备内几乎是同时完成, 分离效 果又特别好, 因而可提高产品质量并增加产品产量, 简化流程, 降低生产成本; 因此, 针对上述己内酰胺浪费严重的问题, 可以通过采用水洗的方法, 在离 心萃取机内实现苯蒸残液和水的混合、 传质、 分离, 并将分离后的富含己内酰胺 的水溶液返回到己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔回收利用, 去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残 液进入废液浓缩装置后焚烧处理; Centrifugal extraction technology is a new type of extraction and separation technology developed in recent years. It has the characteristics of compact structure, large processing capacity, stable operation, low power consumption, convenient cleaning and maintenance, etc. Since centrifugal force usually reaches several hundred times of gravity, centrifugal extraction separator It is especially suitable for the treatment of systems with small density difference between two phases, high viscosity and easy emulsification. For example, the separation of gravity phase separation requires a two-phase density difference of more than 0.1 g/cm 3 , while in a centrifugal extractor, the density difference between two phases can be as small as 0.01g/cm 3 ; General equipment is difficult to mix for systems with large density difference or high viscosity of two phases, and the centrifugal extractor has a powerful mixing function, which can fully mix the two-phase flow, making the two-phase flow easy. The reaction or mass transfer is carried out; and the system with small difference in specific gravity or large viscosity is easy to separate; the mixing and separation of the mixture in the centrifugal extractor is almost simultaneously performed in one apparatus, and the separation effect is particularly good. Therefore, product quality can be improved and product yield can be increased, the process can be simplified, and the production cost can be reduced; therefore, the above-mentioned caprolactam waste is utilized. The problem of heavy weight can be achieved by mixing, mass transfer and separation of the benzene vapor residue and water in a centrifugal extractor by using a water washing method, and returning the separated caprolactam-rich aqueous solution to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refining unit. Recycling, removing the benzene vapor residue of caprolactam into the waste liquid concentration device and incinerating;
上述的分离采用离心萃取机来萃取分离己内酰胺生产中的苯蒸残液里的己 内酰胺, 充分考虑到离心萃取机操作弹性大、 不堵塞、 分离时间短、 效率高等优 点, 把苯蒸残液中己内酰胺通过水洗的方法分离出来, 提高了利用率, 减轻了污 染, 有显著的经济、 社会效益。 The above separation uses a centrifugal extractor to extract and separate the benzene vapor residue in the production of caprolactam. The lactam takes into account the advantages of large flexibility, no clogging, short separation time and high efficiency of the centrifugal extractor. The caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is separated by water washing, which improves the utilization rate and reduces the pollution. Economic and social benefits.
基于上述发现, 本发明得以完成。  Based on the above findings, the present invention has been completed.
本发明的技术构思如下:  The technical idea of the present invention is as follows:
一般设备对于两相密度差很大或粘度很大的体系不易混合, 而离心萃取机具 有强大的混合功能, 可使两相物流充分混合, 使两相物流间很容易地进行反应或 传质; 而对比重差较小或粘度大的体系, 也很容易进行分离; 离心萃取机中混合 物的混合与分离是在一个设备内几乎是同时完成的, 分离效果又特别好, 因而可 提高产品质量并增加产品产量, 简化流程, 降低生产成本; 本发明充分考虑到离 心萃取机操作弹性大、 不堵塞、 分离时间短、 效率高等优点, 采用离心萃取机对 苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行萃取分离, 减少了己内酰胺的损失。  Generally, the system is difficult to mix for a system with a large difference in density between two phases or a large viscosity, and the centrifugal extractor has a powerful mixing function, so that the two-phase stream can be thoroughly mixed, so that the two-phase stream can be easily reacted or mass-transferred; For systems with small specific gravity difference or high viscosity, separation is easy. The mixing and separation of the mixture in the centrifugal extractor is almost simultaneously performed in one equipment, and the separation effect is particularly good, thus improving product quality and The product yield is increased, the process is simplified, and the production cost is reduced. The invention fully considers the advantages of large flexibility, no clogging, short separation time and high efficiency of the centrifugal extractor, and the extraction and separation of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue by a centrifugal extractor is performed. The loss of caprolactam is reduced.
在本发明的第一方面, 提供了一种苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的方法, 该方法 包括以下步骤:  In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the method comprising the steps of:
( a)苯蒸熘塔排出的苯蒸残液进入离心萃取机的一端入口, 水进入离心萃取 机的另一端入口;  (a) the benzene vapor residue discharged from the benzene distillation column enters the inlet of one end of the centrifugal extractor, and the water enters the inlet of the other end of the centrifugal extractor;
( b ) 苯蒸残液与水在离心萃取机内进行混合、 传质, 使得苯蒸残液中的己 内酰胺进入水中;  (b) mixing the benzene vapor residue with water in a centrifugal extractor and mass transfer, so that the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue enters the water;
( c ) 苯蒸残液和水的混合液在离心萃取机内进行液-液分离, 形成富含己内 酰胺的水溶液和去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液;  (c) a mixture of the benzene vapor residue and water is subjected to liquid-liquid separation in a centrifugal extractor to form an aqueous solution rich in caprolactam and a benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam is removed;
( d ) 将去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液送到废液浓缩装置后焚烧处理, 而富含 己内酰胺的水溶液返回己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔进行回收利用。  (d) The benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam has been removed is sent to a waste liquid concentration device for incineration treatment, and the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam is returned to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refinery unit for recycling.
在本发明中, 所述苯蒸残液由酰胺化反应产生的粗油经苯萃取和水萃取后在 苯蒸塔熘中蒸熘后产生, 其主要成分为: 约 20~50%的己内酰胺, 约 20~50%的苯 和约 2%的苯溶性杂质和水溶性杂质, 以苯蒸残液的重量计。  In the present invention, the crude oil produced by the amidation reaction of the benzene vapor residue is produced by benzene extraction and water extraction and then steaming in a benzene distillation tower, and the main component thereof is: about 20 to 50% of caprolactam. About 20 to 50% of benzene and about 2% of benzene-soluble impurities and water-soluble impurities, based on the weight of the benzene vapor residue.
在本发明中, 苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺通过水洗的方法进行回收。  In the present invention, caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is recovered by a water washing method.
在本发明中,作为萃取剂的水的体积流量为苯蒸残液体积流量的 10-200体积 。  In the present invention, the volume flow rate of water as an extractant is 10-200 volumes of the volume flow rate of the benzene vapor residue.
在本发明的第二方面, 提供了一种苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的装置, 该装置 包括: 离心萃取机, 用于接收与其连接的苯蒸熘塔蒸熘后的苯蒸残液和水; 将苯蒸 残液和水进行充分的混合和传质, 以使苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺被萃取到水中; 并 对苯蒸残液和水的混合液进行液-液分离,分离出富含己内酰胺的水溶液和去除了 己内酰胺的苯蒸残液。 In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a device for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the device comprising: a centrifugal extracting machine for receiving the benzene vapor residue and water after steaming of the benzene distillation tower connected thereto; fully mixing and massing the benzene vapor residue and water to make caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue Extracted into water; and liquid-liquid separation of the mixture of benzene vapor residue and water, separating the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam and the benzene vapor residue from caprolactam.
在本发明中, 所述离心萃取机包括一电机、 一静止的外筒、 一高速旋转的内 筒、 一用于供入苯蒸残液的入口、 一用于供入水的入口、 一用于排出脱除己内酰 胺的苯蒸残液的出口、 一用于排出含己内酰胺的水溶液的出口。  In the present invention, the centrifugal extractor comprises a motor, a stationary outer cylinder, a high-speed rotating inner cylinder, an inlet for supplying benzene vapor residue, an inlet for supplying water, and one for The outlet of the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam is removed is discharged, and an outlet for discharging the aqueous solution containing caprolactam is discharged.
在本发明中, 对使用的离心萃取机没有特别的限制, 本领域技术人员可以根 据实际的分离效果确定离心萃取机采用单级或多级, 以求达到理想效果。  In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the centrifugal extractor to be used, and those skilled in the art can determine whether the centrifugal extractor adopts single or multiple stages according to the actual separation effect, in order to achieve the desired effect.
在本发明中, 所述离心萃取机是集混合与分离为一体、 通过离心力进行分离 的设备。 离心萃取机的结构特点及原理可参阅中国专利 ZL 96250989.2、 ZL 200720103434.X等。  In the present invention, the centrifugal extractor is an apparatus which integrates mixing and separation and separates by centrifugal force. The structural characteristics and principles of the centrifugal extractor can be found in Chinese patents ZL 96250989.2, ZL 200720103434.X, etc.
在本发明中, 对离心萃取机的工作转速原则上没有特殊限定, 本领域技术人 员可以根据实际的生产需要作出灵活的符合实际需要的选择, 一般是在 100-3000r/min, 优选 700-3000rpm的范围。  In the present invention, the working speed of the centrifugal extractor is not particularly limited in principle, and those skilled in the art can make flexible selections according to actual needs according to actual production needs, generally at 100-3000 r/min, preferably 700-3000 rpm. The scope.
在本发明中, 对离心萃取机的操作温度原则上没有特殊限定, 本领域技术人 员可以根据实际的生产需要作出灵活的符合实际需要的选择, 一般是在 50°C〜 130°C , 优选 60°C〜70°C的范围。  In the present invention, the operating temperature of the centrifugal extractor is not particularly limited in principle, and those skilled in the art can make flexible selections according to actual needs according to actual production needs, generally at 50 ° C to 130 ° C, preferably 60. °C ~ 70 ° C range.
以下根据附图详细说明本发明的装置结构及方法。  The structure and method of the device of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图 1是根据本发明一个实施方式的离心萃取机对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行 萃取分离的过程示意图。 如图 1所示, 苯蒸熘塔 2出来的苯蒸残液依靠重力自流 进入离心萃取机 1的入口, 水 (水洗水) 进入离心萃取机 1的另一入口, 苯蒸残 液和水进入离心萃取机 1后进行充分混合、 传质, 使苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进入 水中, 苯和油溶杂质作为废液送到废液浓缩装置进行焚烧处理; 富含己内酰胺的 水溶液返回到己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔, 作为原料重新进行利用, 苯蒸熘塔 2 出来的苯也返回到己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔, 作为原料重新进行利用。  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the process of extracting and separating caprolactam from a benzene vapor residue in a centrifugal extractor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the benzene vapor residue from the benzene steaming tower 2 flows by gravity into the inlet of the centrifugal extractor 1, and the water (water washing water) enters the other inlet of the centrifugal extractor 1, and the benzene vapor residue and water enter. After centrifuging the extractor 1, the mixture is thoroughly mixed and mass-transferd, and the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is introduced into the water. The benzene and the oil-soluble impurities are sent to the waste liquid concentration device for incineration treatment as a waste liquid; the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam is returned to the caprolactam refining process. The benzene extraction column of the unit is reused as a raw material, and the benzene from the benzene distillation column 2 is returned to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refining unit, and is reused as a raw material.
图 2是根据本发明另一个实施方式的对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行萃取分离 的过程示意图。 如图 2所示, 粗油经苯萃塔 4上部入口进入苯萃塔 4, 苯经泵 3 由苯萃塔 4下部入口泵送入苯萃塔 4; 在苯萃塔 4中萃取后, 苯、 己内酰胺和油 溶杂质经苯萃塔 4上部出口排出, 经水萃塔 5的下部入口进入水萃塔 5, 萃余液 经苯萃塔 4下部出口排出;水洗水经水萃塔 5的上部入口进入水萃塔 5进行水洗; 富含己内酰胺的苯和油溶杂质经水萃塔 5的上部出口排出, 经苯蒸熘塔 2的入口 进入苯蒸熘塔 2中蒸熘, 水和己内酰胺经水萃塔 5的下部出口排出; 苯蒸熘塔 2 的下部出口出来的苯蒸残液依靠重力自流进入离心萃取机 1 的入口, 水洗水进入 离心萃取机 1的另一入口, 苯蒸残液和水进入离心萃取机 1后进行充分混合、 传 质, 使苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进入水中, 苯和油溶杂质作为废液送到废液浓缩装 置进行焚烧处理; 富含己内酰胺的水溶液返回到己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔 4, 作为原料重新进行利用 (水和己内酰胺回收利用) , 苯蒸熘塔 2出来的苯也返回 到己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔 4, 作为原料重新进行利用。 本发明的主要优点在于: 2 is a schematic view showing a process of extracting and separating caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the crude oil enters the benzene extraction column 4 through the upper inlet of the benzene extraction column 4, and the benzene is pumped into the benzene extraction column 4 through the lower inlet of the benzene extraction column 4 through the pump 3; after extraction in the benzene extraction column 4, benzene The caprolactam and the oil-soluble impurities are discharged through the upper outlet of the benzene extraction column 4, and enter the water extraction column 5 through the lower inlet of the water extraction column 5, and the raffinate It is discharged through the lower outlet of the benzene extraction column 4; the washing water is washed into the water extraction column 5 through the upper inlet of the water extraction column 5 for water washing; the caprolactam-rich benzene and the oil-soluble impurities are discharged through the upper outlet of the water extraction column 5, and are distilled by benzene. The inlet of the column 2 enters the benzene distillation column 2, and the water and caprolactam are discharged through the lower outlet of the water extraction column 5; the benzene vapor residue from the lower outlet of the benzene distillation column 2 flows by gravity into the centrifugal extraction machine 1 At the inlet, the washing water enters the other inlet of the centrifugal extractor 1, and the benzene vapor residue and water enter the centrifugal extractor 1 to be thoroughly mixed and mass-transferd, so that the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue enters the water, and the benzene and the oil-soluble impurities act as The waste liquid is sent to a waste liquid concentrating device for incineration treatment; the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam is returned to the benzene extraction column 4 of the caprolactam refinery unit, and reused as a raw material (recycling of water and caprolactam), and benzene from the benzene steaming tower 2 is also used. The benzene extraction column 4 returned to the caprolactam refining unit is reused as a raw material. The main advantages of the invention are:
( i)本发明采用离心萃取机来萃取分离己内酰胺生产中苯蒸残液中的己内酰 胺, 克服了现有分离技术难以对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行回收利用的问题, 降 低了焚烧处理的负荷, 节约了能耗;  (i) The present invention uses a centrifugal extractor to extract and separate caprolactam from the benzene vapor residue in caprolactam production, which overcomes the problem that it is difficult to recycle caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue by the existing separation technique, and reduces the load of incineration treatment. , saving energy consumption;
(ii) 本发明的装置结构简单, 容易实施, 操作方便, 并适合长周期运转; (ii) The device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement, is easy to operate, and is suitable for long-cycle operation;
( iii) 本发明的装置投资小、 体积小、 占地面积少。 实施例 (iii) The device of the present invention has a small investment, a small size, and a small footprint. Example
下面结合具体的实施例进一步阐述本发明。 但是, 应该明白, 这些实施例仅用 于说明本发明而不构成对本发明范围的限制。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的试验方 法, 通常按照常规条件, 或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。 除非另有说明, 所有的百分 比和份数按重量计。 实施例 L  The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. However, it is to be understood that the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The test methods for which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are usually carried out according to conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. All percentages and parts are by weight unless otherwise indicated. Example L
在一个 200t/年的苯蒸残液回收装置中,按图 1所示的酰胺化反应液的分离流 程, 采用本发明方法对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行分离回收, 达到了高效率、 高 精度、 低能耗的完成对苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的目的, 使得己内酰胺回收的经 济效益大大提升, 环保问题得以解决。 其具体操作过程和效果如下:  In a 200t/year benzene vapor residue recovery device, according to the separation process of the amidation reaction liquid shown in FIG. 1, the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is separated and recovered by the method of the present invention, thereby achieving high efficiency and high efficiency. Accuracy, low energy consumption, the purpose of recovering caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue, the economic benefit of caprolactam recovery is greatly improved, and environmental problems are solved. The specific operation process and effects are as follows:
1. 物料性质  Material properties
( 1 ) 苯蒸残液: 物料为有机相和无机相混合物, 己内酰胺的含量约为 40%。 额定流量为 2t/h, 温度为 60-80°C, 平均约为 70°C。 (1) Benzene vapor residue: The material is a mixture of an organic phase and an inorganic phase, and the content of caprolactam is about 40%. The rated flow rate is 2t/h, the temperature is 60-80 ° C, and the average is about 70 ° C.
(2) 水洗水: 流量为苯蒸残液的 20体积%, 取 0.4t/h, 温度为 50-60°C, 平 均约为 57°C。  (2) Washing water: The flow rate is 20% by volume of the benzene vapor residue, 0.4t/h, and the temperature is 50-60°C, and the average is about 57°C.
2. 离心萃取机的电机转速为 900r/min。  2. The motor speed of the centrifugal extractor is 900r/min.
3. 含量测定方法: 采用气象色谱法。  3. Method for determination of content: Meteorological chromatography was used.
4. 应用效果  4. Application effect
( 1 ) 加入水洗水 0.4t/h, 分离后苯蒸残液中己内酰胺的含量小于 5%, 水中 的己内酰胺含量不小于 50%。  (1) Adding water washing water 0.4t/h, the content of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue after separation is less than 5%, and the caprolactam content in water is not less than 50%.
(2) 每年回收利用己内酰胺 76吨, 减少了己内酰胺的损失, 避免了环境污 染, 从而提高了经济、 社会效益。  (2) Recycling 76 tons of caprolactam per year reduces the loss of caprolactam and avoids environmental pollution, thereby improving economic and social benefits.
(3 ) 降低了焚烧负荷, 有效地节约能耗。 实施例 2:  (3) Reduce the incineration load and effectively save energy. Example 2:
在一个 200t/年的苯蒸残液回收装置中,按图 1所示的酰胺化反应液的分离流 程, 采用本发明方法对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行分离回收, 达到高效率、 高精 度、 低能耗的完成对苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的目的, 使得己内酰胺回收的经济 效益大大提升, 环保问题得以解决。 其具体操作过程和效果如下:  In a 200t/year benzene vapor residue recovery device, according to the separation process of the amidation reaction liquid shown in Fig. 1, the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is separated and recovered by the method of the invention, thereby achieving high efficiency and high precision. The low energy consumption completes the recovery of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue, which greatly improves the economic benefit of caprolactam recovery and solves environmental problems. The specific operation process and effects are as follows:
1. 物料性质  Material properties
( 1 ) 苯蒸残液: 物料为有机相和无机相混合物, 己内酰胺的含量约为 40%。 额定流量为 2t/h, 温度为 60-80°C, 平均约为 70°C。  (1) Benzene vapor residue: The material is a mixture of an organic phase and an inorganic phase, and the content of caprolactam is about 40%. The rated flow rate is 2t/h, the temperature is 60-80 °C, and the average is about 70 °C.
(2) 水洗水: 流量为苯蒸残液的 50体积%, 取 1.0t/h, 温度为 50-60°C, 平 均约为 57°C。  (2) Washing water: The flow rate is 50% by volume of the benzene vapor residue, which is 1.0 t/h, and the temperature is 50-60 ° C, and the average is about 57 ° C.
2. 离心萃取机的电机转速为 900r/min。  2. The motor speed of the centrifugal extractor is 900r/min.
3. 含量测定方法: 采用气象色谱法。  3. Method for determination of content: Meteorological chromatography was used.
4. 应用效果  4. Application effect
( 1 ) 加入水洗水 1.0t/h, 分离后苯蒸残液中己内酰胺的含量小于 3%, 水中 的己内酰胺含量不小于 45%。  (1) Add 1.0 t/h of water washing water, and the content of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue after separation is less than 3%, and the caprolactam content in water is not less than 45%.
(2) 每年回收利用己内酰胺 77.6 吨, 减少了己内酰胺的损失, 避免了环境 污染, 从而提高了经济、 社会效益。  (2) Recycling 77.6 tons of caprolactam annually reduces the loss of caprolactam and avoids environmental pollution, thereby improving economic and social benefits.
(3 ) 降低了焚烧负荷, 有效地节约能耗。 实施例 3: (3) Reduce the incineration load and effectively save energy. Example 3:
在一个 200t/年的苯蒸残液回收装置中,按图 1所示的酰胺化反应液的分离流 程, 采用本发明方法对苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺进行分离回收, 达到高效率、 高精 度、 低能耗的完成对苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的目的, 使得己内酰胺回收的经济 效益大大提升, 环保问题得以解决。 其具体操作过程和效果如下:  In a 200t/year benzene vapor residue recovery device, according to the separation process of the amidation reaction liquid shown in Fig. 1, the caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue is separated and recovered by the method of the invention, thereby achieving high efficiency and high precision. The low energy consumption completes the recovery of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue, which greatly improves the economic benefit of caprolactam recovery and solves environmental problems. The specific operation process and effects are as follows:
1. 物料性质  Material properties
( 1 ) 苯蒸残液: 物料为有机相和无机相混合物, 己内酰胺的含量约为 40%。 额定流量为 2t/h, 温度为 60-80°C, 平均约为 70°C。  (1) Benzene vapor residue: The material is a mixture of an organic phase and an inorganic phase, and the content of caprolactam is about 40%. The rated flow rate is 2t/h, the temperature is 60-80 °C, and the average is about 70 °C.
(2)水洗水: 流量为苯蒸残液的 100体积%, 取 2.0t/h, 温度为 50-60°C, 平 均约为 57°C。  (2) Washing water: The flow rate is 100% by volume of the benzene vapor residue, which is 2.0 t/h, and the temperature is 50-60 ° C, and the average is about 57 ° C.
2. 离心萃取机的电机转速为 900r/min。  2. The motor speed of the centrifugal extractor is 900r/min.
3. 含量测定方法: 采用气象色谱法。  3. Method for determination of content: Meteorological chromatography was used.
4. 应用效果  4. Application effect
( 1 )加入水洗水 2.0t/h, 分离后苯蒸残液中己内酰胺的含量小于 1.5%, 水中 的己内酰胺含量不小于 40%。  (1) Adding water wash water 2.0t/h, the content of caprolactam in the benzene vapor residue after separation is less than 1.5%, and the caprolactam content in water is not less than 40%.
(2) 每年回收利用己内酰胺 78.8 吨, 减少了己内酰胺的损失, 避免了环境 污染, 从而提高了经济、 社会效益。  (2) Recycling 78.8 tons of caprolactam per year reduces the loss of caprolactam and avoids environmental pollution, thereby improving economic and social benefits.
(3 ) 降低了焚烧负荷, 有效地节约能耗。 在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考, 就如同每一篇文献被 单独引用作为参考那样。 此外应理解, 在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后, 本 领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改, 这些等价形式同样落于本申请所 附权利要求书所限定的范围。  (3) Reduce the incineration load and effectively save energy. All documents mentioned in the present application are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety in their entireties in the the the the the the the the the In addition, it is to be understood that various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art in the form of the appended claims.

Claims

权 利 要 求 Rights request
1. 一种苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的方法, 该方法包括以下步骤: A method for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the method comprising the steps of:
( a) 将苯蒸熘塔蒸熘后的苯蒸残液和水分别送入离心萃取机中;  (a) feeding the benzene vapor residue and water after steaming the benzene steaming tower to the centrifugal extractor;
( b)使苯蒸残液和水在离心萃取机内进行充分的混合和传质, 以使苯蒸残液 中的己内酰胺被萃取到水中;  (b) thorough mixing and mass transfer of the benzene vapor residue and water in a centrifugal extractor to extract caprolactam from the benzene vapor residue into water;
( c ) 使用离心萃取机对苯蒸残液和水的混合液进行液-液分离, 分离出富含 己内酰胺的水溶液和去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液; 以及  (c) performing a liquid-liquid separation of the mixture of the benzene vapor residue and the water using a centrifugal extractor to separate the aqueous solution rich in caprolactam and the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam is removed;
( d) 将所述步骤 (c)中分离出的富含己内酰胺的水溶液回收利用, 去除了己 内酰胺的苯蒸残液焚烧处理。  (d) The caprolactam-rich aqueous solution separated in the step (c) is recycled, and the caprolactam benzene vapor residue incineration treatment is removed.
2. 如权利要求 1所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述苯蒸残液由酰胺化反应产生的 粗油经苯萃取和水萃取后在苯蒸熘塔中蒸熘后产生; 其主要成分为 20~50%的己 内酰胺、 20~50%的苯、 以及 2%的苯溶性杂质和水溶性杂质, 以苯蒸残液的重量 计。  The method according to claim 1, wherein the crude oil produced by the amidation reaction is produced by benzene extraction and water extraction, and then steamed in a benzene steaming tower; the main component is 20 to 50% of caprolactam, 20 to 50% of benzene, and 2% of benzene-soluble impurities and water-soluble impurities, based on the weight of the benzene vapor residue.
3. 如权利要求 1所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 (c)中分离出的富含己内酰 胺的水溶液返回到己内酰胺精制单元的苯萃塔进行回收利用, 去除了己内酰胺的 苯蒸残液送到废液浓缩装置后焚烧处理。  3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the caprolactam-rich aqueous solution separated in the step (c) is returned to the benzene extraction column of the caprolactam refining unit for recycling, and the caprolactam benzene vapor residue is removed. It is sent to the waste liquid concentration device and incinerated.
4. 如权利要求 1所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述离心萃取机采用单级萃取或多 级逆流萃取;作为萃取剂的水的体积流量为苯蒸残液的体积流量的 10-200体积%。  4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugal extractor adopts single-stage extraction or multi-stage countercurrent extraction; and the volume flow rate of water as the extractant is 10-200 volumes of the volume flow rate of the benzene vapor residue. %.
5. 如权利要求 1 所述方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤 (a) 中, 苯蒸熘塔蒸熘后 的苯蒸残液和水分别由不同的入口送入离心萃取机中。  The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (a), the benzene vapor residue and water after the distillation of the benzene distillation column are separately fed into the centrifugal extractor from different inlets.
6. 如权利要求 1 所述方法, 其特征在于, 在步骤 (b ) 中, 苯蒸残液和水在 离心萃取机的高速旋转的内筒和静止的外筒之间进行充分的混合和传质。  6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (b), the benzene vapor residue and water are sufficiently mixed and transferred between the high-speed rotating inner cylinder and the stationary outer cylinder of the centrifugal extractor. quality.
7. 一种苯蒸残液中己内酰胺回收的装置, 该装置包括:  7. A device for recovering caprolactam in a benzene vapor residue, the device comprising:
离心萃取机 (1 ) , 用于接收与其连接的苯蒸熘塔 (2) 蒸熘后的苯蒸残液和 水; 将苯蒸残液和水进行充分的混合和传质, 以使苯蒸残液中的己内酰胺被萃取 到水中; 并对苯蒸残液和水的混合液进行液-液分离, 分离出富含己内酰胺的水溶 液和去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液。  The centrifugal extracting machine (1) is configured to receive the benzene steaming tower and the water after the steaming of the benzene steaming tower (2) connected thereto; to fully mix and mass transfer the benzene steaming liquid and water to steam the benzene The caprolactam in the raffinate is extracted into water; and the liquid mixture of the benzene vapor residue and the water is subjected to liquid-liquid separation, and the caprolactam-rich aqueous solution and the caprolactam-removed benzene vapor residue are separated.
8. 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置还包括与离心萃取机 (1 ) 连接的苯萃塔(4) , 用于对分离出的富含己内酰胺的水溶液进行回收利用; 以及 与离心萃取机(1 )连接的废液浓缩装置, 用于将去除了己内酰胺的苯蒸残液浓缩 后焚烧处理。 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a benzene extraction column (4) connected to the centrifugal extractor (1) for recycling the separated caprolactam-rich aqueous solution; as well as A waste liquid concentrating device connected to the centrifugal extractor (1) for concentrating the benzene vapor residue from which caprolactam has been removed and incinerating.
9. 如权利要求 7 所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述离心萃取机 (1 ) 的电机转 速为 100-3000r/min。  9. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the centrifugal extractor (1) has a motor speed of 100-3000 r/min.
10. 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于, 离心萃取机 (1 ) 的工作温度为 10. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the operating temperature of the centrifugal extractor (1) is
50°C〜130°C。 50 ° C ~ 130 ° C.
PCT/CN2014/072544 2013-11-01 2014-02-26 Method and apparatus for recovering caprolactam in benzene distillation residue WO2015062189A1 (en)

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