WO2015056709A1

WO2015056709A1 - Electric motor

Info

Publication number: WO2015056709A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/077431
Authority: WO
Inventors: 勝昭藤野
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｍａｄｉ; スカラーリミティド
Priority date: 2013-10-16
Filing date: 2014-10-15
Publication date: 2015-04-23
Also published as: JPWO2015056709A1; JP5985760B2

Abstract

　Provided is an electric motor that, by rotating efficiently, allows power consumption and radiated heat to be minimized with minimal reduction in output. An electric motor (10) is provided with a rotor (20), a stator (30), and a controller (40). The rotor (20) has permanent magnets disposed along the circumferential direction. The stator (30) has coil portions (33) disposed facing the permanent magnets, each of the coil portions (33) having therein a magnetic body as a core that becomes magnetized and attracted to the permanent magnet when the permanent magnet approaches wound wires (33a) that generate a magnetic pole repulsing the permanent magnet. The control device (40) does not pass electricity through the coil portions (33) for attracting the permanent magnet by a core (33b), but passes electricity through the coil portion (33) for repulsing the permanent magnet by the wound wire (33a) in the direction of rotation of the rotor (20). The control device (40) can cause the rotor (20) to rotate efficiently because the rotor (20) rotates by the permanent magnet being repulsed by the coil portion (33) and the permanent magnet is attracted to the core (33b) even without the flow of electricity through the coil portion (33).

Description

Electric motor

The present invention relates to an electric motor that can be rotated with low power consumption.

Patent Document 1 discloses an electric motor including a rotor in which permanent magnets are arranged along the circumferential direction and a stator that forms a magnetic field around the rotor and rotates the rotor. Are known. The permanent magnet synchronous motor described in Patent Document 1 includes a rotor having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction, and a stator core having a plurality of salient poles arranged to face each permanent magnet. A plurality of windings wound around each salient pole magnetic pole and a control device for applying an alternating current to each winding in accordance with the movement position of the permanent magnet are provided. This control device energizes each winding with an alternating current having the same number of phases as the number of types of phases corresponding to the positional relationship between the magnetic poles of each permanent magnet and the magnetic poles of each salient pole.

JP 2004-96940 A

However, in the permanent magnet type synchronous motor described in Patent Document 1, an alternating current whose phase is sequentially shifted is passed through each winding, so that a current always flows through one of the windings. . Therefore, the permanent magnet type synchronous motor described in Patent Document 1 is considered to consume a large amount of power and generate a large amount of heat. If the power supply voltage is simply lowered, the power consumption is also reduced according to the degree of the power supply voltage drop, but this results in a shortage of torque and a reduction in output.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor capable of suppressing power consumption and suppressing heat generation while suppressing a decrease in output by efficiently rotating.

In the electric motor of the present invention, a magnetic body that is magnetized and attracted when the permanent magnet approaches a rotor in which permanent magnets are arranged in a circumferential direction and a winding that generates a magnetic pole repelling the permanent magnet. A coil portion mounted as a core includes a stator arranged to face the permanent magnet, and a control device that controls energization of the winding, and the control device is configured to rotate the rotor when The permanent magnet is attracted by the magnetic body so that the coil part to which the permanent magnet approaches is not energized, and the coil part from which the permanent magnet is separated has a magnetic pole that repels the permanent magnet in the winding. It is characterized by carrying out control to energize the current to be generated.

According to the electric motor of the present invention, the attraction by the coil part contributing to the rotation of the permanent magnet is performed by the magnetic body mounted as the core, and the repulsion by the coil part is performed by energizing the coil part. It is possible to energize the other coil part but not energize the other coil part. Even if it does not supply with electricity to the other coil part, since a permanent magnet can be attracted | sucked with a magnetic body and a rotor can be rotated, it can be rotated efficiently.

The permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor with the first magnetic pole facing one side in the axial direction of the rotor and the second magnetic pole facing the other side, and the coil portion is Arranged on both sides of the permanent magnet, the control device generates a first magnetic pole in the coil portion located on one side of the permanent magnet, and the first magnetic pole is located on the coil portion located on the other side. It is desirable to generate two magnetic poles.
When the coil portions are arranged on both sides of the rotor permanent magnet, the rotor can be driven to rotate on both sides, so that high output can be obtained.

The permanent magnets are alternately disposed along the circumferential direction with the first magnetic pole or the second magnetic pole facing the rotor, and the coil portions are disposed on both sides of the permanent magnet, It is desirable that the control device controls the direction of current so as to generate a magnetic pole that repels the coil portion in accordance with the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet that is separated from the coil portion.
When the permanent magnet repels and rotates in the coil portion, a magnetic force that repels the permanent magnet is generated in the coil portion positioned in the front in the rotation direction. However, this coil portion repels the permanent magnet whose magnetic poles are opposite. Therefore, for the rotating permanent magnet, the coil portion located in the front in the rotation direction acts as attraction. Therefore, the rotation of the permanent magnet is accelerated without being disturbed by the coil portion.

It is preferable that the stator includes a yoke portion that connects the cores across the rotor and forms a magnetic path of a pair of the coil portions disposed on both sides of the permanent magnet.
By forming the magnetic path of the pair of coil portions by the yoke portion, leakage of magnetic force generated by the pair of coil portions can be suppressed and the permanent magnet can be repelled.

Preferably, the yoke portion is provided with a winding for generating a magnetic force in accordance with the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole generated by the coil portions facing each other with the permanent magnet interposed therebetween. By doing so, a strong magnetic force can be generated by the coil portions arranged to face each other.

When the arrangement interval of the coil portions is larger than the permanent magnet, it is preferable that a plurality of the permanent magnets are arranged in succession corresponding to the arrangement interval.
If the arrangement interval of the coil part is larger than the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet is smaller than the coil part, a plurality of permanent magnets can be arranged continuously corresponding to this interval, so that the size of the coil part is increased. The rotor can be configured according to the number of arrangement.

It is desirable that the end surface of the core on the rotor side is disposed at a position deeper than the winding. By doing so, since the winding of the coil portion can be arranged closer to the permanent magnet than the core, a strong repulsive force can be imparted to the permanent magnet. Moreover, since the end surface on the rotor side of the core is disposed at a position deeper than the winding, the attractive force with respect to the permanent magnet can be adjusted with respect to the repulsive force due to the winding of the coil portion.

The electric motor of the present invention can be rotated efficiently by attracting a permanent magnet with a magnetic material and rotating a rotor without energizing the other coil part. Therefore, the electric motor of the present invention can be efficiently rotated, thereby suppressing power consumption and suppressing heat generation while suppressing a decrease in output.

It is a perspective view which shows the electric motor which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a front view of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the rotor and sensor part of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a schematic front view for demonstrating the stator of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a functional block diagram for demonstrating the control apparatus of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the control apparatus shown to FIG. 5A. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement and use condition of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement and use condition of the electric motor shown in FIG. 1 following FIG. 6A. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement and use condition of the electric motor shown in FIG. 1 following FIG. 6B. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement and use condition of the electric motor shown in FIG. 1 following FIG. 6C. It is a time chart for demonstrating the timing with which each coil part is energized by the control apparatus of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which used one permanent magnet of the rotor for every 60 degree | times. It is a front view which shows the electric motor which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a schematic front view for demonstrating the stator of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a time chart for demonstrating the timing with which each coil part is energized by the control apparatus of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement and use condition of the electric motor shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement and use condition of the electric motor shown in FIG. 9 following FIG. 12A. FIG. 12B is a diagram for explaining the operation and use state of the electric motor shown in FIG. 9 following FIG. 12B. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement and use condition of the electric motor shown in FIG. 9 following FIG. 12C. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a winding wound around a yoke portion of the electric motor shown in FIG. 9 generates an N pole on one side and an S pole on the other side. It is a figure for demonstrating the state by which the coil | winding wound by the yoke part of the electric motor shown in FIG. 9 generate | occur | produced the S pole on one side, and the N pole on the other side.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,100 Electric motor 20,200 Rotor 20a Rotating shaft 21,201

Main body part

22,22a, 22b, 22x, 22m1,22m2,22m3,22m4,22m5,22m6 Permanent magnet 30,300 Stator 31 First coil part 32 Second coil part 33, 33x Coil part 30a-30i, 30a1, 30a2, 30b1, 30b2, 30c1, 30c2, 30d1, 30d2, 30e1, 30e2, 30f1, 30f2, 30g1, 30g2, 30h1, 30h2, 30i1, 30i2, 30j1, 30j2, 30k1, 30k2, 30m1, 30m2 Coil part 33a Winding 33b Core 33bs End face

33c Shaft part

33d Disk part 34 Yoke part 35 Winding 40,400 Controller 41 Sensor part 41a Turntable

41b Shielding piece

41c Pho Tointerrupter 41d Lamp 42 Device body 42p Power supply unit 42a Power storage unit 42b Switch unit BT Battery R Resistance D Diode F Rotation direction

(Embodiment 1)
An electric motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, the power source for driving the electric motor is not shown.
As shown in FIG. 1, the electric motor 10 includes a rotor 20, a stator 30, and a control device 40.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotor 20 is configured such that a columnar permanent magnet 22 is disposed along a circumferential direction on a disc-shaped main body 21 in which a rotation shaft 20 a is disposed on an axis. The permanent magnet 22 has the first magnetic pole (for example, N pole) directed to the main body 21 of the rotor 20 on one side in the axial direction (thickness direction) of the rotor 20 and the second magnetic pole on the other side. (For example, S pole.)
In the first embodiment, two permanent magnets 22 are set as one set, and three sets are embedded in the main body portion 21 every 120 degrees. The permanent magnet 22 can be a neodymium magnet because the stronger the magnetic force, the stronger the attractive force and repulsive force with the stator 30.

The stator 30 includes a coil portion 33 including a first coil portion 31 and a second coil portion 32, and a yoke portion 34. In the first embodiment, nine sets of a pair of coil portions 33 and yoke portions 34 formed by the first coil portion 31 and the second coil portion 32 are arranged every 40 degrees.
The coil 33 is mounted with a core 33b which is a magnetic body that is magnetized and attracted when the permanent magnet 22 approaches the winding 33a that generates a magnetic pole that repels the opposed permanent magnet 22.
Since the first coil portion 31 is disposed on one side of the permanent magnet 22 so as to face the permanent magnet 22 that generates the first magnetic pole, when a current is passed through the winding 33 a by the control device 40. The first magnetic pole is generated. Since the second coil portion 32 is disposed on the other side of the permanent magnet 22 so as to face the permanent magnet 22 that generates the second magnetic pole, a current is passed through the winding 33a by the control device 40. The second magnetic pole is generated.

The core 33b of the first coil part 31 and the core 33b of the second coil part are formed at the shaft part 33c formed in a columnar shape as shown in FIG. The disc part 33d is formed.

The yoke portion 34 is formed in a U shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the yoke portion 34 is integrally connected to the respective base end portions of the pair of cores 33b and straddles the rotor 20 as shown in FIG. This forms a magnetic path with the second coil portion 32.

When the rotor 20 rotates, the control device 40 causes the core 33b, which is a magnetic material, to attract the permanent magnet 22 of the rotor 20, and performs control so that the coil portion 33 approaching the permanent magnet 22 is not energized. Is. In addition, the control device 40 performs control for energizing the coil portion 33 where the permanent magnet 22 is separated with a current that generates a magnetic pole repelling the permanent magnet 22 in the winding 33a.
The control device 40 includes a sensor unit 41 for detecting the rotational position of the rotor 20, and a device main body 42 that energizes the coil unit 33 according to the rotational position of the rotor 20 detected by the sensor unit 41. Yes.

The sensor unit 41 corresponds to the position of the rotating plate 41a that rotates together with the rotating shaft 20a, the shielding piece 41b that is provided at the peripheral portion of the rotating plate 41a, and indicates the period during which the permanent magnet 22 is separated from the coil unit 33, and the coil unit 33. And a photo interrupter 41c that is shielded by the shielding piece 41b. In the first embodiment, a lamp 41d that is lit while the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion of the photo interrupter 41c are shielded by the shielding piece 41b is provided.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the apparatus main body 42 includes a power storage unit 42 a for performing rapid power supply from the power supply unit 42 p to the coil unit 33, and a current from the power storage unit 42 a according to a signal from the sensor unit 41. And a switch unit 42b to be supplied to 33.
The power storage unit 42a and the switch unit 42b can have a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 5B.
FIG. 5B shows a circuit example in which the energization of the pair of coil parts 33 (the first coil part 31 and the second coil part 32) is controlled by one photo interrupter 41c of the sensor part 41.

The circuit shown in FIG. 5B includes a battery BT as a power supply unit 42p, an electric double layer capacitor connected in series as a power storage unit 42a, and a p-type MOS FET as a switch unit 42b. In the power storage unit 42a, a diode D for blocking a reverse current to the battery BT and a resistor R connected in parallel to each electric double layer capacitor are arranged.
In the apparatus main body 42, nine sets of circuits shown in FIG. 5B are formed corresponding to the nine coil sets 33 provided. In addition, the battery BT may be provided for each of nine sets, or all may be shared.

The operation and use state of electric motor 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 6, a pair of coil portions 33 (first coil portion 31 and second coil portion 32) at the 12 o'clock position of the timepiece are defined as a coil portion 30 a, and a coil is rotated clockwise from the coil portion 30 a. Description will be made assuming that the portion 30b, the coil portion 30c, the coil portion 30d,..., The coil portion 30i are arranged. Moreover, in this Embodiment 1, the state when the two permanent magnets 22 move from the coil part 30h to the coil part 30i is demonstrated. Of the two permanent magnets 22, the one located on the front side in the rotation direction will be described as a permanent magnet 22 a, and the one located on the rear side will be described as a permanent magnet 22 b.

When the

permanent magnets

22a and 22b of the rotating rotor 20 shown in FIG. 6A are positioned on the coil portion 30h, specifically, the permanent magnet 22a is permanently attached to the first semicircular portion in the rotation direction F of the coil portion 33h. When the magnet 22b is positioned in the second half of the rotation direction of the coil portion 30h, the shielding piece 41b corresponding to the coil portion 30h does not shield the photointerrupter 41c, so that the coil portion 30h is not energized.

When the permanent magnet 22a approaches the coil part 30i, the magnetic body forming the core 33b of the coil part 30i adjacent to the rotation direction side of the coil part 30h is magnetized, and the rotor 20 rotates by attracting the permanent magnet 22a. Pulled in the direction and driven. In the core 33b, a disk portion 33d larger than the contour of the winding 33a is formed on the shaft portion 33c mounted in the winding 33a. Therefore, the permanent magnet 22 approaching the disk portion 33d is attracted in a wide range. be able to.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the permanent magnet 22a is attracted to the core 33b of the coil portion 30i and rotates, so that the permanent magnet 22a is hooked on the coil portion 30i, and the permanent magnet 22b is the first semicircular portion in the rotation direction of the coil portion 30h. Located in. At this time, the shielding piece 41b blocks the photo interrupter 41c corresponding to the coil portion 30h.
As illustrated in FIG. 5, the photo interrupter 41c is cut off, so that the switch unit 42b becomes effective, and the current from the power storage unit 42a flows to the coil unit 33 (in this case, the coil unit 30h).

As shown in FIG. 6C, when a current flows through the coil portion 30h, the first coil portion 31 facing the permanent magnet 22b facing the first magnetic pole (for example, N pole) generates the first magnetic pole. The second coil portion 32 facing the permanent magnet 22b facing the second magnetic pole (for example, the S pole) generates the second magnetic pole. By doing so, the permanent magnet 22b is repelled by the coil part 30h, pushed in the rotation direction, and driven. In this way, the control device 40 energizes the coil portion 30h as a period in which the permanent magnet 22b is detached from the coil portion 30h while the shielding piece 41b shields the photo interrupter 41c.

As shown in FIG. 6D, when the

permanent magnets

22a and 22b move to the coil portion 30i due to the attraction of the coil portion 30i to the permanent magnet 22a by the core 33b and the repulsion of the coil portion 30h to the permanent magnet 22b. Similarly to FIG. 5B, the permanent magnet 22a is attracted to the core 33b of the coil part 30a, and the shielding piece 41b in turn interrupts the photo interrupter 41c corresponding to the coil part 30i, so that the coil part 30i repels. It becomes. At this time, since the shielding piece 41b does not pass through the photo interrupter 41c corresponding to the coil portion 30h, it does not energize the coil portion 30h.

In this way, the attracting and repelling operations by the permanent magnet 22 and the coil portion 33 are performed at three locations of every 120 degrees of the rotor 20, and the rotor 20 rotates.
The state of energization from the coil part 30a to the coil part 30i is shown in FIG. The permanent magnets 22 are arranged at three locations on the main body portion 21 of the rotor 20 as a set of two pieces, and a coil portion 33 (a set of the first coil portion 31 and the second coil portion 32) is provided. Since nine coils 30a to 30i are provided, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotation angle of the rotor 20 is 1/3 of 120 degrees in each coil 30a to 30i. The 40 degree is an energization period, and 2/3 is the rest period.

Even during the rest period of the coil portion 30a to the coil portion 30i, the rotor 20 can be rotated by attracting the permanent magnet 22 by the core 33b formed of a magnetic material, so that the rotor 20 can be efficiently rotated. Moreover, although the coil part 33 consumes electric power in an energization period, since it does not consume electric power in an idle period, it can suppress power consumption. Furthermore, since the power is not consumed in the idle period, the coil part 33 does not generate heat and is also a cooling period in which the coil part 33 can be cooled by heat radiation. Therefore, the electric motor 10 can suppress power consumption and suppress heat generation while suppressing a decrease in output.

In the first embodiment, the control device 40 has one coil unit 33 for each of the two coil units 33 that are in a rest period, with respect to the coil units 33 that are arranged at nine locations in total around 40 degrees of rotation. The coil part 33 is set as the energization period. This is because if the coil portion 33 in the idle period and the coil portion 33 in the energization period are alternately arranged, the permanent magnet attracted by the core 33b when the magnetic strength of the permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic strength of the coil portion 33 are strong. This is because 22 is affected by the repulsion of the coil portion 33 adjacent to the traveling direction side of the core 33b, and the rotational drive is hindered. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust the interval between the coil portions 33 as the energization period according to the strength of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 22 and the strength of the magnetic force of the coil portion 33.

In the first embodiment, the permanent magnet 22 is arranged on the main body 21 with the N pole facing one side in the thickness direction of the main body 21 of the rotor 20 and the S pole facing the other side. The first coil part 31 is arranged on one side with the magnet 22 in between, and the second coil part 32 is arranged on the other side.

However, the permanent magnet 22 is disposed on the circumferential surface of the main body portion 21, the end surface of the permanent magnet 22 is directed outward in the radial direction, and the coil portions 33 are disposed radially toward the circumferential surface of the main body portion 21. The permanent magnet 22 may be opposed to the permanent magnet 22. When the permanent magnet 22 and the coil portion 33 are arranged in this manner, the electric motor not only has a large diameter from the rotating shaft 20a, but also the first coil portion 31 or the second coil of the pair of coil portions 33. Since only one of the portions 32 can be arranged radially, a high output cannot be obtained.

When the first coil portion 31 and the second coil portion 32 are disposed with the permanent magnet 22 disposed in the axial direction of the rotor 20 (in the thickness direction of the main body portion 21) interposed therebetween, the rotor 20 is Since both sides of the one side and the other side can be rotationally driven, high output can be obtained.

Furthermore, since the yoke part 34 straddles the rotor 20 and connects the cores 33b of the first coil part 31 and the second coil part 32 to form a magnetic path, the first coil part The leakage of magnetic force generated by the first coil 31 and the second coil portion 32 can be suppressed, and the permanent magnet 22 can be repelled.

In the rotor 20, when the arrangement interval of the coil portions 33 is larger than the permanent magnet 22, a plurality of permanent magnets 22 are continuously arranged in correspondence with the arrangement interval. In this Embodiment 1, the coil part 33 is arrange | positioned every 40 degree | times and the space | interval of the centers of the coil part 33 is larger than the diameter of the permanent magnet 22 formed in the column shape. Therefore, by arranging two permanent magnets 22 as a set in accordance with the size and number of coils 33, even if the permanent magnets 22 have a small size, the front side current in the rotational direction is energized. It is possible to simultaneously act on the two permanent magnets 22 by the suction of the coil portion 33 that is not connected to the core 33 b and the repulsion by the energized coil portion 33 on the rear side in the rotation direction. In addition, if the magnitude | size (diameter) of a permanent magnet is substantially the same as the arrangement | positioning space | interval of the coil part 33, one permanent magnet may be sufficient.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a stator in which 18 coil portions 33x are arranged every 20 degrees, and a permanent magnet 22x having a diameter or a little larger than the interval between the coil portions 33 is arranged every 60 degrees. In the case of an electric motor with a child, attraction by the core of the coil portion 33x that is not energized on the front side in the rotation direction and repulsion by the coil portion 33x that is energized on the rear side in the rotation direction are one permanent magnet 22x. At the same time. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a plurality of permanent magnets 22x. Further, by using one permanent magnet 22x having a large diameter, the facing area with the coil portion 33x is doubled and the magnetic force is 2 than when two permanent magnets having a diameter half that of the permanent magnet 22x are used. Since it becomes larger than double, a high output can be obtained.

(Embodiment 2)
An electric motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 9 and 10, the same components as those in FIGS. 2 and 4 are given the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 9, the power source for driving the electric motor is not shown.
As shown in FIG. 9, the electric motor 100 includes a rotor 200, a stator 300, and a control device 400.

In the rotor 200, a columnar permanent magnet 22 is disposed along a circumferential direction between main bodies 201 formed by two disks. The permanent magnet 22 has a first magnetic pole (for example, an N pole) or a second magnetic pole (for example, an S pole) alternately on one side or the other side in the axial direction of the rotor 200 along the circumferential direction. It is arrange | positioned at the rotor 200 toward. The permanent magnet 22 exposes both end faces from the main body portion 201 of the two disks.
In the second embodiment, six permanent magnets 22 are arranged in the main body 201 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction every 120 degrees. The main body 201 is formed of two disks, but may be formed of a single thick plate and embedded with the permanent magnet 22.

As in the first embodiment, the stator 300 includes a coil portion 33 including a first coil portion 31 and a second coil portion 32, and a yoke portion 34. In the second embodiment, 12 sets of a pair of coil portions 33 and yoke portions 34 formed by the first coil portion 31 and the second coil portion 32 are arranged every 30 degrees.
The coil unit 33 includes a first coil unit 31 (one side) that generates a first magnetic pole on both sides of the permanent magnet 22 and a second coil unit 32 (other side) that generates a second magnetic pole. Are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction.
The first coil unit 31 and the second coil unit 32 are controlled by the control device 400 according to the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 22 that is separated from the coil unit 33, thereby controlling the first magnetic pole. Alternatively, the second magnetic pole is generated and repelled by the permanent magnet 22.
As shown in FIG. 10, the coil part 33 (the first coil part 31 and the second coil part 32) is formed so that the core 33b around which the winding 33a is wound is shorter than the winding 33a. The end surface 33bs on the rotor 200 side of the core 33b is disposed at a position deeper than the winding 33a.
The space formed by arranging the end surface 33bs of the core 33b at a position deeper than the winding 33a may be a cavity or may be filled with a nonmagnetic material such as resin.

The yoke portion 34 is provided with a winding 35 for generating a magnetic force. This magnetic force is controlled by the control device 400 in accordance with the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole generated by the coil portions 33 (the first coil portion 31 and the second coil portion 32) facing each other with the permanent magnet 22 in between. The current flowing through the winding 35 is controlled.

When the rotor 200 rotates, the control device 400 causes the core 33b, which is a magnetic body, to attract the permanent magnet 22 of the rotor 200, and performs control so that the coil portion 33 that the permanent magnet 22 approaches is not energized. . In addition, the control device 400 performs control so that a current that generates a magnetic pole repelling the permanent magnet 22 in the winding 33a is applied to the coil portion 33 from which the permanent magnet 22 is separated.

The operation and use state of electric motor 100 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 11 and FIGS. 12A to 12D, the 12 o'clock position of the timepiece is set at a rotation angle of 0 degrees, and the first coil portion 31 of the pair of coil portions 33 located here is the coil portion 30a1, Let the 2nd coil part 32 which opposes this coil part 30a1 be coil part 30a2.
And coil part 30b1, 30b2, coil part 30c1, 30c2, coil part 30d1, 30d2 ... coil part 30m1, 30m2 is arrange | positioned from coil part 30a1, 30a2 to the clockwise rotation which is the rotation direction of the rotor 200. Explain that it is.
Also, the permanent magnet 22 at the 12 o'clock position of the timepiece is designated as a permanent magnet 22m1, and 22m2, 22m3... 22m6 clockwise from the permanent magnet 22m1.

The permanent magnets 22 are arranged in the main body 201 of the rotor 200 every 60 degrees. The coil portion 33 is disposed on the stator 300 every 30 degrees.
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12A, for example, the rotating permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 include coil portions 30a1, 30a2, coil portions 30c1, 30c2, coil portions 30e1, 30e2, coil portions 30g1, 30g2, and coil portions. After the axes of 30i1 and 30i2 and the coil portions 30k1 and 30k2 overlap with each other, a period in which they are about to be separated from these coil portions 33 is an energization period. For example, the energization period can be a position where the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 are displaced by 30 degrees as shown in FIG. 11B.

The control device 400 faces the first magnetic pole (N pole) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m1, 22m3, 22m5) among these coil portions 33 during the energization period from the rotation angle of 0 degrees to 30 degrees. The first magnetic pole (N pole) is generated in the coil portion 30a1, the coil portion 30e1, and the coil portion 30i1.
Further, a second magnetic pole (on the coil part 30a2, the coil part 30e2, and the coil part 30i2 facing the back side (second magnetic pole (S pole)) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m1, 22m3, 22m5). S pole) is generated. That is, since the magnetic poles are opposite on the one end side and the other end side of the permanent magnet 22, the control device 400 generates the opposite magnetic poles in the coil portions 33 arranged to face each other.

Further, the control device 400 includes a coil portion 30c1 that faces the second magnetic pole (S pole) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m2, 22m4, and 22m6) during the energization period from the rotation angle of 0 degrees to 30 degrees, A second magnetic pole (S pole) is generated in the coil portion 30g1 and the coil portion 30k1.
In addition, the first magnetic pole (on the coil portion 30c2, the coil portion 30g2, and the coil portion 30k2 facing the back side (first magnetic pole (N pole)) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m2, 22m4, 22m6). N pole) is generated. That is, since the magnetic poles are opposite on the one end side and the other end side of the permanent magnet 22, the control device 400 generates the opposite magnetic poles in the coil portions 33 arranged to face each other.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 11, the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 are not located, and the coil portions 30b1 and 30b2, the coil portions 30d1 and 30d2, the coil portions 30f1 and 30f2, the coil portions 30h1 and 30h2, and the coil portions 30j1 and 30j2 Since the coil portions 30m1 and 30m2 are in a pause period, the control device 400 is not energized.

In this way, the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 generate the magnetic force of the same magnetic pole from the respective coil portions 33, and therefore, a rotational force is applied by repelling. Also, the coil portions 30b1, 30b2, the coil portions 30d1, 30d2, the coil portions 30f1, 30f2, the coil portions 30h1, 30h2, the coil portions 30j1, 30j2, and the coil portions 30m1, 30m2 are not energized because they are idle periods. The permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 are attracted to the cores 33b of these coil portions 33 and are given a rotational force.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12B, for example, the permanent magnet 22m1 of the rotor 200 moves from the coil portions 30a1 and 30a2 to the coil portions 30b1 and 30b2.

The permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6) has a greater attractive force to the core 33b of the coil portion 33 during the rest period than the repulsive force of the coil portion 33 during the energization period. Therefore, when the permanent magnet 22 moves in the rotation direction F due to the repulsion of the coil portion 33 during the energization period and the energization period ends, this time, the permanent magnet 22 is pulled back by the core 33b.
Therefore, in the coil section 33 according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the end surface 33bs on the rotor 200 side of the core 33b is disposed at a position deeper than the winding 33a. By doing so, since the winding 33a of the coil part 33 can be arranged closer to the permanent magnet 22 than the core 33b, a strong repulsive force can be applied to the permanent magnet 22. Further, since the end surface 33bs on the rotor 200 side of the core 33b is disposed at a position deeper than the winding 33a, the attractive force to the permanent magnet 22 is adjusted with respect to the repulsive force by the winding 33a of the coil portion 33. can do.
Therefore, even if the permanent magnet 22 passes through the coil portion 33 and enters the rest period, the force that causes the permanent magnet 22 to be pulled back by the core 33b can be reduced.

Next, when the rotation angle of the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 reaches 30 degrees, the permanent magnet 22m1 to 22m6 is positioned in the coil portion 33 at the next position.
As shown in FIG. 12C, the first magnetic pole (N pole) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m1, 22m3, 22m5) is opposed to and separated from the coil portion 30b1, the coil portion 30f1, and the coil portion 30j1. Sometimes, the control device 400 generates the first magnetic pole (N pole).
Further, when the back side (second magnetic pole (S pole)) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m1, 22m3, 22m5) is separated from the coil portion 30b2, the coil portion 30f2, and the coil portion 30j2. In addition, the control device 400 generates a second magnetic pole (S pole).

Further, when the second magnetic pole (S pole) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m2, 22m4, 22m6) is separated from the coil portion 30d1, the coil portion 30h1, and the coil portion 30m1, the control device 400 generates a second magnetic pole (S pole).
Furthermore, the back side (first magnetic pole (N pole)) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m2, 22m4, 22m6) is opposed to and separated from the coil portion 30d2, the coil portion 30h2, and the coil portion 30m2. When doing so, the control device 400 generates the first magnetic pole (N pole).

At this time, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12C, the coil portions 30a1 and 30a2, the coil portions 30c1 and 30c2, the coil portions 30e1 and 30e2, the coil portions 30f1 and 30f2, and the coil portions where the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 are not located. Since 30i1 and 30i2 and coil portions 30k1 and 30k2 are idle periods, control device 400 is not energized.

In this way, the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 generate the magnetic force of the same magnetic pole from the respective coil portions 33, and therefore, a rotational force is applied by repelling. In addition, the coil portions 30a1, 30a2, the coil portions 30c1, 30c2, the coil portions 30e1, 30e2, the coil portions 30f1, 30f2, the coil portions 30i1, 30i2, and the coil portions 30k1, 30k2 are not energized because they are idle periods. The permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 are attracted to the core 33b and are given a rotational force.
Accordingly, for example, the permanent magnet 22m1 of the rotor 200 is directed from the coil portions 30b1 and 30b2 to the coil portions 30c1 and 30c2.

Next, when the rotation angle of the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 reaches 60 degrees, the permanent magnet 22m1 to 22m6 is positioned in the coil portion 33 at the next position.
When the first magnetic pole (N pole) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnet 22m1, 22m3, 22m5) is separated from the coil portion 30c1, the coil portion 30g1, and the coil portion 30k1, the control device 400 is The first magnetic pole (N pole) is generated. Therefore, when the rotation angle of the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 is 0 degree, the current is reversed to become the opposite magnetic pole.
Similarly, when the back side (second magnetic pole (S pole)) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m1, 22m3, 22m5) is separated from the coil portion 30c2, the coil portion 30g2, and the coil portion 30k2. In addition, the control device 400 generates a second magnetic pole (S pole). Again, when the rotation angle of the permanent magnets 22m1 to 22m6 is 0 degree, the current is reversed to become the opposite magnetic pole.

Moreover, the control apparatus 400 is the 2nd magnetic pole to the coil part 30e1, the coil part 30i1, and the coil part 30a1 which opposes the 2nd magnetic pole (S pole) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnet 22m2, 22m4, 22m6). (S pole) is generated.
The first magnetic pole (on the coil portion 30e2, the coil portion 30i2, and the coil portion 30a2 facing the back side (first magnetic pole (N pole)) of the permanent magnet 22 (permanent magnets 22m2, 22m4, 22m6). N pole) is generated. That is, since the magnetic poles are opposite on the one end side and the other end side of the permanent magnet 22, the control device 400 generates the opposite magnetic poles in the coil portions 33 arranged to face each other.

In this way, even if the rotation angle of the rotor 200 is 60 degrees, the permanent magnet 22 is similarly repelled by the coil portion 33 on the rear side in the rotation direction F, and the core of the coil portion 33 on the front side. By rotating the rotor 200, the rotation of the rotor 200 is promoted.
Accordingly, the rotor 200 rotates by repeating the operations shown in FIGS. 12A to 12D.

In the second embodiment, the permanent magnets 22 are alternately disposed along the circumferential direction so that the first magnetic pole or the second magnetic pole is directed to the rotor 200, and the coil portion 33 is permanent. They are arranged on both sides with the magnet 22 in between. The control device 400 generates a magnetic pole that repels the coil portion 33 in accordance with the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 22 that is separated from the coil portion 33.
When the permanent magnet 22 is repelled and rotated by the coil portion 33, a magnetic force that repels the permanent magnet 22 is generated in the coil portion 33 in the energization period located in front of the rotation direction F.
However, the coil portion 33 repels the permanent magnet 22 whose magnetic poles are opposite. Therefore, for the rotating permanent magnet 22, the coil portion 33 in the energization period located in front of the rotation direction F acts as attraction. Therefore, the rotation of the permanent magnet 22 is accelerated without being disturbed by the coil portion 33.
Further, since the magnetic force generated by the coil portion 33 does not hinder the rotation of the permanent magnet 22, the interval between the coil portions 33 can be arranged narrowly.

At this time, a current is applied to the winding 35 of the yoke portion 34 by the control device 400 during the energization period.
For example, as shown in FIG. 12A, it is assumed that the permanent magnet 22m1 is located between the coil part 30a1 and the coil part 30a2. In such a case, the permanent magnet 22m1 has an N pole on the coil part 30a1 side and an S pole on the coil part 30a2 side. The coil portion 30a1 generates an N pole when a current is passed through the winding 33a, and the coil portion 30a2 generates an S pole when a current is passed through the winding 33a.
As shown in FIG. 13A, the control device 400 energizes the winding 35 wound around the yoke portion 34 with a current such that the coil portion 30a1 side has an N pole and the coil portion 30a2 side has an S pole.

12D, when the permanent magnet 22m6 is positioned between the coil part 30a1 and the coil part 30a2, the permanent magnet 22m1 has an S pole on the coil part 30a1 side and an N pole on the coil part 30a2 side. It is. Therefore, the coil part 30a1 generates an S pole, and the coil part 30a2 generates an N pole.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 13B, the control device 400 energizes the winding 35 wound around the yoke portion 34 with a current such that the coil portion 30a1 side is the S pole and the coil portion 30a2 side is the N pole.
By doing so, a strong magnetic force can be generated by the coil part 30a1 and the coil part 30a2 that are arranged to face each other.

Since the electric motor of the present invention can reduce power consumption and heat generation, it can be used in various industries that require rotational driving.

Claims

A rotor with permanent magnets arranged along the circumferential direction;
A coil portion mounted as a core with a magnetic body that is magnetized and attracted when the permanent magnet approaches a winding that generates a magnetic pole that repels the permanent magnet, and a stator that is disposed opposite to the permanent magnet,
A control device for controlling energization to the winding,
When the rotor rotates, the control device causes the permanent magnet to be attracted by the magnetic body, and does not energize the coil unit that the permanent magnet approaches, and the coil unit that separates the permanent magnet. In the electric motor, control is performed such that a current that generates a magnetic pole repelling the permanent magnet is supplied to the winding.
The permanent magnet is disposed on the rotor with the first magnetic pole directed to one side in the axial direction of the rotor and the second magnetic pole directed to the other side,
The coil part is disposed on both sides of the permanent magnet,
2. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the control device generates a first magnetic pole in the coil portion located on one side of the permanent magnet and generates a second magnetic pole in the coil portion located on the other side. .
The permanent magnets are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction with the first magnetic pole or the second magnetic pole facing the rotor.
The coil part is disposed on both sides of the permanent magnet,
The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the control device controls the direction of current so as to generate a magnetic pole repelling the coil portion in accordance with the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet spaced apart from the coil portion.
The said stator was provided with the yoke part which connects the said cores straddling the said rotor, and forms the magnetic path of a pair of said coil part arrange | positioned on both sides across the said permanent magnet. The electric motor described.
The said yoke part is provided with the coil | winding which produces a magnetic force according to the said 1st magnetic pole and the said 2nd magnetic pole which the said coil part which opposes on both sides of the said permanent magnet generate | occur | produces. Electric motor.
The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein when the arrangement interval of the coil portions is larger than the permanent magnet, a plurality of the permanent magnets are continuously arranged corresponding to the arrangement interval.
The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein an end surface of the core on the rotor side is disposed at a position deeper than the winding.