WO2015054944A1 - 一种超大规模vsat系统帧结构及资源分配方法 - Google Patents

一种超大规模vsat系统帧结构及资源分配方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015054944A1
WO2015054944A1 PCT/CN2013/087248 CN2013087248W WO2015054944A1 WO 2015054944 A1 WO2015054944 A1 WO 2015054944A1 CN 2013087248 W CN2013087248 W CN 2013087248W WO 2015054944 A1 WO2015054944 A1 WO 2015054944A1
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signaling
station
small
time slot
vsat system
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PCT/CN2013/087248
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李佳立
刘海客
余玉材
张华健
邹光南
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航天恒星科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2015054944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015054944A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/18528—Satellite systems for providing two-way communications service to a network of fixed stations, i.e. fixed satellite service or very small aperture terminal [VSAT] system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a frame structure and a resource allocation method for a very large-scale VSAT system, and belongs to the field of satellite communication technology.
  • VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal
  • the satellite communication system can carry a variety of multimedia services, such as video conferencing, VolP, video. Calls, Web browsing, FTP downloads, etc.
  • VSAT satellite communication systems are evolving from traditional small-scale narrowband data communication applications to a large-scale broadband multi-service satellite network that integrates telecommunications, broadcasting, and computers. Therefore, the combination of satellite and ground systems will receive attention and will be widely used.
  • the constituent elements (frames, time slots) of the superframe are specified in the DVB-RCS protocol, but the specific frame structure and the division of the slots are not specified.
  • the design of the VSAT system frame structure is only for the traditional VSAT system, and does not consider the control signaling time slot division when the VSAT system is interconnected with other networks.
  • the interaction signaling byte is small, when the system scale When increasing, if the traditional service time slot is used to transmit the interactive control signaling, resource waste will occur, and the system capacity will be reduced, resulting in a decrease in transmission efficiency. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a super large scale VSAT system frame structure and resource allocation method.
  • the method uses different modes to transmit control signaling for resource sufficient and insufficient resources, thereby avoiding waste of resources, saving system resources, and improving system capacity.
  • the system transmission efficiency is improved, and the real-time and stability of control signaling transmission in the case of large-scale small-station access is guaranteed.
  • An ultra-large-scale VSAT system frame structure wherein the VSAT system is formed by interconnecting a VSAT system with an external network, and is characterized in that: when the original frequency band radio resources of the VSAT system are sufficient, the frame structure of the ultra-large-scale VSAT system is composed of several
  • the superframe is composed of a plurality of frames, and the frame is composed of a plurality of time slots, and the signaling time slot is divided from the service time slots of the time slot, and the signaling time slot is composed of several unit time slots.
  • the signaling time slot is used for signaling interaction between the small station of the VSAT system and the external network; when the original frequency band radio resources of the VSAT system are insufficient, the frame structure of the hyper-large-scale VSAT system includes the frame structure of the original frequency band and the frame structure of the dedicated frequency band.
  • the frame structure of the original frequency band is composed of a plurality of super frames
  • the super frame is composed of a plurality of frames
  • the frame is composed of a plurality of time slots
  • the dedicated frequency band is divided from the radio resources
  • the dedicated frequency band is
  • the frame structure is composed of a number of unit slots, which are only used for signaling interaction between the small station of the V SAT system and the external network.
  • the time slot includes a login time slot, a request time slot, and a synchronization time slot in addition to the service time slot, wherein the login time slot is used by the small station to send the login signaling CSC for login,
  • the request slot corresponds to the login slot, and is used for the small station to send the login response signaling ACQ;
  • the synchronization slot is used for the small station to send the synchronization signaling SYNC to keep in synchronization with the primary station;
  • the service slot is used for the small station to transmit the service data TRF .
  • a resource allocation method for a frame structure of a very large-scale VSAT system includes the following steps:
  • Step (1) each small station of the VSAT system accesses the primary station and keeps synchronization with the primary station; Step (2), when the small station and the primary station perform service transmission, according to the service time slot and the primary station allocated by the primary station Conduct business transmission; Step (3) When the small station performs transmission with the external network, the small station first performs signaling interaction with the external network, and the specific steps are as follows;
  • the small station identifies the signaling size of the interaction, and sends the identification value to the primary station by using synchronous signaling. After receiving the identification value, the primary station determines whether the wireless resource of the VSAT system is sufficient, if the wireless If the resources are sufficient, go to step (2). If the wireless resources are insufficient, go to step (3);
  • the primary station calculates the number of unit slots required for the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network according to the received identifier value, and divides the signaling time slot from the service time slot, in signaling Allocating a corresponding number of unit time slots to the small station in the time slot, and proceeding to step (4); when the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network ends, the small station passes the information of the signaling interaction end through the synchronization signaling.
  • Sending to the primary station when the primary station receives the information of the end of the signaling interaction sent by all the small stations, the primary station reclaims the signaling time slot and returns to the service time slot;
  • the primary station calculates the number of unit slots required for the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network according to the received identifier value, and divides the dedicated frequency band from the system radio resources, and is in the dedicated frequency band.
  • the small station allocates a corresponding number of unit time slots, and proceeds to step (4); after the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network ends, the small station transmits the information of the signaling interaction end to the primary station through synchronization signaling.
  • the primary station receives the information of the end of the signaling interaction sent by all the small stations, the primary station reclaims the dedicated frequency band, and is no longer used for the signaling interaction process;
  • the small station After the small station obtains the unit time slot allocated by the primary station, it performs signaling interaction with the external network on the frequency band;
  • Step (4) The small station performs service transmission with the primary station according to the service time slot allocated by the primary station, and the primary station forwards the service data received from the small station to the external network.
  • the small station keeps synchronization with the primary station by periodically transmitting synchronization signaling. If the interaction signaling is transmitted, the identifier is identified according to the size of the interaction signaling, and the identifier value is written. Into the synchronization signaling, if the interaction signaling is not transmitted, the identity value is set to 0 and the synchronization signaling is written.
  • the signaling time slot is completely allocated in (2) and (3) of step (3), the small station that performs signaling interaction with the external network is further requested to enter.
  • the signaling interaction waiting phase is divided according to the priority of the small station, that is, the small station with the higher priority preferentially enters the signaling interaction phase, and the signaling time slot required for the signaling interaction is preferentially allocated.
  • the specific methods for the small stations of the VSAT system to access the primary station in step (1) and keep in sync with the primary station are as follows:
  • Each small station of the VSAT system sends a login request to the primary station of the VSAT system through the login time slot, and the primary station allocates a request time slot for the small station after receiving the login request signaling of the small station, and the small station passes the allocated request.
  • the time slot sends a login response signaling to the primary station to implement the access from the small station to the primary station; the small station that has accessed the primary station transmits synchronization signaling to the primary station through the synchronous time slot, and implements the small station and the primary station. Synchronization.
  • the login request signaling, the login response signaling, and the synchronization signaling between the primary station and the small station have the highest priority, and the small station has the highest priority.
  • Priority of interaction signaling with the external network Second, the priority of traffic transmission between the small station and the primary station or the external network is the lowest.
  • the specific method of the medium-small station performing service transmission according to the service time slot allocated by the primary station and the primary station is as follows:
  • the small station requests allocation to the primary station through synchronous signaling.
  • the service time slot the primary station divides the service time slot according to the request of all the small stations in one application period, and the small station performs service transmission with the primary station according to the service time slot allocated by the primary station.
  • the primary station divides the service time slot according to the resource allocation algorithm according to the request of all the small stations in one application period, and the resource allocation algorithm includes the resource on-demand allocation algorithm or the slot position allocation. algorithm.
  • the external network interconnected with the VSAT system includes a 3G core network or WiMax.
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention aims to form a large-scale broadband satellite communication network by integrating the VSAT system with other external networks, and considers the signaling interaction process when the VSAT system is integrated with the external network, and the resources of the original frequency band are sufficient and insufficient.
  • the control signaling is transmitted in different ways.
  • the signaling time slot is divided from the service time slot, and the signaling time slot is used for the small station of the VSAT system to perform signaling interaction with the external network, and the resources are not
  • the dedicated frequency band divided from the radio resources is added, and the unit time slot on the dedicated frequency band is used for signaling interaction between the small station of the V SAT system and the external network, thereby ensuring the control signal in the case of large-scale small station access.
  • the present invention divides the signaling time slot into unit time slots, so that one original service time slot can transmit multiple interaction signaling, thereby avoiding waste of resources, saving system resources, and improving system capacity. , greatly improving the system transmission efficiency;
  • the present invention divides the signaling time slot from the service time slot when the original frequency band resource is sufficient, and restores the signaling time slot to the service time slot after all the signaling interaction processes of all the small stations are completed, and continues to use The transmission of business data, thereby realizing the dynamic use of system resources and increasing system flexibility;
  • the present invention fully considers the priority, and the priority of the access between the primary station and the small station and the synchronization priority when the resource allocation is performed. Set to the highest, followed by the interaction signaling with the external network, and finally the data transmission for the service, so as to ensure the periodic synchronization between the small station and the primary station and the stability of the signaling transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a VSAT system when the original band has sufficient radio resources
  • FIG. 2-a is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a VSAT system in an original band when the original band has insufficient radio resources
  • Figure 2-b shows the VSAT system dedicated band frame knot when the original band has insufficient radio resources.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of radio resource allocation of the primary station of the VSAT system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a frame structure of a VSAT system when the original band has sufficient radio resources.
  • the frame structure of the VSAT system is composed of several superframes, and FIG.
  • the superframe is composed of several frames
  • the frame is composed of several time slots
  • W f is the frequency band of each frame
  • T f is the time of each frame
  • the time slot type includes the login time slot, the request time slot, the synchronization time slot
  • the service time slot is divided from the service time slot
  • the signaling time slot is composed of several unit time slots
  • the signaling time slot is used for the small station of the V SAT system to perform signaling interaction with the external network, such as this
  • two service slots are divided into signaling slots
  • each signaling slot is composed of 7 unit slots.
  • the login time slot is provided to the small station to send the login signaling CSC for login.
  • the login time slot is represented by T csc in FIG. 1 , and the request time slot corresponds to the login time slot to send the login response signaling ACQ, requesting the time slot.
  • T ACQ is used to indicate that the synchronization slot is used for the small station to send the synchronization signaling SYNC to keep in sync with the primary station.
  • the synchronization slot is represented by T SYNC in Figure 1, and the synchronized one station corresponds to a synchronization.
  • Signaling SYNC, a total of M T SYNC the service time slot is used to transmit the service data TRF, and the service time slot is represented by T TRF in Figure 1, for a total of N T TRF .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a frame structure of a VSAT system when the original band has insufficient radio resources.
  • the frame structure of the VSAT system is frame structure of the original band and the frame structure of the dedicated band.
  • Two parts are composed, wherein Figure 2-a is a schematic diagram of the original band structure of the VSAT system for CSC, ACQ, SYNC and service data TRF transmission; Figure 2-b is a schematic diagram of the VSAT system dedicated band frame structure, used for small stations and The transmission of interactive control signaling between external networks.
  • the frame structure of the original frequency band consists of several superframe groups.
  • Figure 2a shows a superframe.
  • the superframe consists of several frames.
  • the frame consists of several slots.
  • the slot types include login slots, request slots, synchronization slots, and traffic slots.
  • the meaning of each time slot is the same as in Figure 1.
  • the dedicated frequency band is divided from the radio resources.
  • the frame structure on the dedicated frequency band is composed of several unit time slots, and the unit time slot is only used for the signaling interaction between the small station of the VSAT system and the external network.
  • the present invention is based on a resource allocation method for a frame structure of a very large-scale VSAT system, and specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step (1) each small station of the VSAT system sends a login request to the primary station of the VSAT system through the login time slot, and the primary station allocates a request time slot for the small station after receiving the login request of the small station, and the small station passes the allocated time slot.
  • the request slot sends a login response signaling to the primary station, thereby enabling access from the small station to the primary station.
  • Step (2) the small station that has been connected to the primary station sends synchronization signaling to the primary station through the synchronization time slot, and realizes synchronization between the small station and the primary station.
  • the steps are entered.
  • the small station communicates with the external network, the small station first performs signaling interaction with the external network, and proceeds to step (3).
  • FIG. 3 it is a flow chart of the radio resource allocation of the VSAT system main station.
  • Step (3) the small station identifies the signaling size of the interaction, for example, the identifier value in the synchronization signaling SYNC can be set to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5... according to the size of the interaction signaling. . . , and send the above identification value to the primary station through synchronization signaling.
  • the primary station determines whether the original band wireless resource of the VSAT system is sufficient. If the wireless resource is sufficient, the process proceeds to step (4), if the wireless resource Not enough, go to step (5).
  • Step (4) the primary station calculates, according to the received identifier value, the number of unit slots required for the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network, and divides the signaling time slot from the service time slot, for example, the primary station receives If the value of the identification is 5, then 5 unit time slots are allocated in the signaling time slot for the signaling interaction of the small station, and the process proceeds to step (6).
  • the divided signaling time slots are always used for signaling interaction before the end of the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network.
  • the small station and the external network letter After the interaction process ends the small station sends the information of the end of the signaling interaction to the primary station through the synchronization signaling.
  • the primary station When the signaling end of the small station is received by the primary station, the primary station reclaims the signaling.
  • the slot is restored to the service slot, for example, by setting the identifier value in the synchronization signaling SYNC to 0 to indicate the signaling interaction end information.
  • the small station that requests the signaling interaction with the external network enters the signaling interaction waiting phase, and is divided according to the priority of the small station, that is, the small station with the higher priority preferentially enters the signaling interaction. Phase, and prioritize the signaling time slots required for signaling interactions.
  • Step (5) performing frequency hopping, and the primary station calculates the number of unit slots required for the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network according to the received identifier value, and divides the dedicated frequency band from the system radio resources, In the frequency band, the corresponding number of unit time slots are allocated to the small station, and the process proceeds to step (6); for example, if the identity value received by the primary station is 3, three unit time slots are allocated in the dedicated frequency band for the small station. Make interaction. After the signaling interaction process between the small station and the external network ends, the small station sends the information of the end of the signaling interaction to the primary station through the synchronization signaling, when the primary station receives the information of the signaling interaction end sent by the small station.
  • the primary station reclaims the dedicated frequency band, is no longer used for signaling over the interworking, and the primary station jumps back to the original frequency band; for example, the signaling interaction end information is indicated by setting the identity value in the synchronization signaling SYNC to 0.
  • the small station that requests the signaling interaction with the external network enters the signaling interaction waiting phase, and is divided according to the priority of the small station, that is, the small station with the higher priority preferentially enters the signaling interaction. Phase, and prioritize the signaling time slots required for signaling interactions.
  • Step (6) After the small station obtains the unit time slot allocated by the primary station, it performs signal interaction with the external network, and after the interaction is completed, the process proceeds to step (8);
  • Step (7) the small station requests the primary station to allocate the service time slot by synchronous signaling, and the primary station divides the service time slot according to the resource allocation algorithm according to the request of all the small stations in one application period, and the small station according to the service allocated by the primary station
  • the time slot is transmitted with the primary station;
  • the resource allocation algorithm includes a resource on-demand allocation algorithm or a slot location allocation algorithm.
  • Step (8) the small station requests the primary station to allocate the service time slot by synchronous signaling, and the primary station root According to the request of all the small stations in an application period, the service time slot is divided according to the resource allocation algorithm, and the small station performs service transmission with the primary station according to the service time slot allocated by the primary station, and the primary station forwards the service data received from the small station to the external network.
  • the resource allocation algorithm is the same as step (7).
  • the login request signaling, the login response signaling between the primary station and the small station in step (1), and the synchronous signaling in step (2) have the highest priority, the small station and the external network.
  • the priority of the interactive signaling is second, and the priority of the traffic transmission between the small station and the primary station or the external network is the lowest.
  • the external network interconnected with the VSAT system in the present invention includes a 3G core network, WiMax, and the like.
  • the invention divides the signaling time slot into unit time slots, so that an original service time slot can transmit multiple interaction signaling, thereby avoiding resource waste.
  • one service time slot can transmit 188 bytes of data, and the minimum interaction signaling is only a few bytes, and when the terminal station size increases, the signaling interaction process is frequent, if the original The service time slot transmits an interaction signaling, which wastes uplink resources.
  • the time slot of the interaction signaling can be dynamically allocated according to the size of the interaction signaling, and multiple interaction signals are By transmitting through an original service time slot, the uplink resources are fully utilized, the system capacity is increased, and the system transmission efficiency is greatly improved.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构及资源分配方法，针对VSAT系统与其他外部网络融合从而形成大规模的宽带卫星通信网络，考虑了VSAT系统与外部网络融合时的信令交互过程，针对原频带资源充足与不充足两种情况，采取不同的方式传输控制信令，在资源充足时，从业务时隙中划分出信令时隙，信令时隙用于VSAT系统的小站与外部网络进行信令交互，在资源不充足时，增加从无线资源中划分出的专用频段，专用频段上的单元时隙用于VSAT系统的小站与外部网络进行信令交互，避免产生资源浪费情况，提高了系统容量，进一步提升了系统传输效率，并保障了在大规模小站接入情况下控制信令传输的实时性和稳定性。

Description

一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构及资源分配方法
本申请要求于 2013年 10月 17 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201310488292.3、 发明名称为 "一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构及资 源分配方法"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在 本申请中。 说 技术领域
本发明涉及一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构及资源分配方法， 属于 卫星通信技术领域。
书
背景技术
目前， 小规模的 VSAT ( Very Small Aperture Terminal ) 系统技术 已经非常成熟， 且随着网络的宽带化和业务需求的多样化， 使得卫星通 信系统可以承载多种多媒体业务， 如视频会议、 VolP、 视频通话、 Web 浏览、 FTP下载等， VSAT卫星通信系统正从传统的小规模窄带数据通 信应用， 向一个融合电信、 广播、 计算机的大规模宽带多业务卫星网络 发展。 因此， 卫星与地面系统结合技术将得到重视， 必将得到广泛应用。
DVB-RCS协议中规定了超帧的组成单元 （帧， 时隙） ， 但未规定 具体的帧结构以及时隙的划分。 且目前对于 VSAT系统帧结构的设计也 都是仅针对传统的 VSAT系统， 并未考虑 VSAT系统与其他网络互连时 交互的控制信令时隙划分， 交互信令字节较小， 当系统规模增大时， 若 釆用传统的业务时隙传输交互控制信令， 就会产生资源浪费， 使系统容 量降低， 从而造成传输效率的下降。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的上述不足， 提供一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构及资源分配方法， 该方法针对资源充足与资源不充足 两种情况，釆取不同的方式传输控制信令，从而避免产生资源浪费情况， 节约了系统资源， 提高了系统容量， 大大提高了系统传输效率， 并保障 了在大规模小站接入情况下控制信令传输的实时性和稳定性。
本发明的上述目的主要是通过如下技术方案予以实现的：
一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构，所述超大规模 VSAT系统为 VSAT 系统与外部网络互联形成， 其特征在于： 当 VSAT系统原频带无线资源 充足时， 所述超大规模 VSAT系统的帧结构由若干个超帧组成， 所述超 帧由若干帧组成， 所述帧由若干时隙组成， 从所述时隙的业务时隙中划 分出信令时隙， 信令时隙由若干单元时隙组成， 信令时隙用于 VSAT系 统的小站与外部网络进行信令交互； 当 VSAT系统原频带无线资源不充 足时， 所述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构包括原频带的帧结构和专用频段 的帧结构两部分， 所述原频带的帧结构由若干个超帧组成， 所述超帧由 若干帧组成， 所述帧由若干时隙组成， 所述专用频段从无线资源中划分 出来，专用频段上的帧结构由若干单元时隙组成，单元时隙仅用于 V SAT 系统的小站与外部网络进行信令交互。
在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构中， 时隙除业务时隙外， 还包括 登录时隙、 请求时隙和同步时隙， 其中登陆时隙用于小站发送登录信令 CSC进行登录时使用， 请求时隙与登录时隙相对应， 用于小站发送登录 回应信令 ACQ; 同步时隙用于小站发送同步信令 SYNC与主站保持同 步； 业务时隙用于小站传输业务数据 TRF。
一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法， 具体包括如下步 骤：
步骤 （一） 、 VSAT系统的各小站接入主站， 并与主站保持同步； 步骤 （二） 、 当小站与主站进行业务传输时， 根据主站分配的业务 时隙与主站进行业务传输； 步骤 （三） 、 当小站与外部网络进行业务传输时， 首先小站与外部 网络进行信令交互， 具体步骤如下；
( 1 )、 小站对进行交互的信令大小进行标识， 并通过同步信令将所述 标识值发送给主站， 主站接收到标识值后， 判断 VSAT系统的无线资源 是否充足， 若无线资源充足， 进入步骤（2 ) , 若无线资源不充足， 进入 步骤 （ 3 ) ；
( 2 )、主站根据接收到的标识值计算所述小站与外部网络进行信令交 互过程所需的单元时隙个数， 并从业务时隙中划分出信令时隙， 在信令 时隙中为所述小站分配相应个数的单元时隙， 进入步骤（4 ) ; 当小站与 外部网络的信令交互过程结束后， 小站将信令交互结束的信息通过同步 信令发送给主站，当主站接收到所有小站发送的信令交互结束的信息时， 主站收回所述信令时隙， 恢复为业务时隙；
( 3 )、主站根据接收到标识值计算所述小站与外部网络进行信令交互 过程所需的单元时隙个数， 并从系统无线资源中划分出专用频带， 在专 用频段中为所述小站分配相应个数的单元时隙， 进入步骤（4 )； 当小站 与外部网络的信令交互过程结束后， 小站将信令交互结束的信息通过同 步信令发送给主站， 当主站接收到所有小站发送的信令交互结束的信息 时， 主站收回所述专用频带， 不再用于信令交互过程；
( 4 )、 小站得到主站分配的单元时隙后， 在所述频带上与外部网络进 行信令交互；
步骤 （四） 、 小站根据主站分配的业务时隙与主站进行业务传输， 主站将从小站接收的业务数据转发给外部网络。
在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法中， 小站通过周 期性发送同步信令与主站保持同步， 若传输交互信令， 则根据交互信令 的大小进行标识， 并将标识值写入同步信令， 若不传输交互信令， 则将 标识值设为 0写入同步信令。 在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法中， 步骤 （三） 的 （2 ) 、 ( 3 ) 中若信令时隙被分配完全， 则再申请与外部网络进行信 令交互的小站进入信令交互等待阶段， 并按照小站优先级进行划分， 即 优先级高的小站优先进入信令交互阶段， 且优先分配信令交互所需的信 令时隙。
在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法中， 步骤 （一） 中 VSAT系统的各小站接入主站， 并与主站保持同步的具体方法如下：
VSAT系统的各小站通过登录时隙向 VSAT系统的主站发送登陆请 求， 主站接收到小站的登陆请求信令后为所述小站分配请求时隙， 所述 小站通过分配的请求时隙向主站发送登陆回应信令， 实现所述小站到主 站的接入； 已接入到主站的小站通过同步时隙向主站发送同步信令， 实 现小站与主站的同步。
在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法中， 主站进行资 源分配时， 所述主站与小站之间的登陆请求信令、 登陆回应信令以及同 步信令优先级最高， 小站与外部网络的交互信令优先级其次， 小站与主 站或外部网络之间的业务传输优先级最低。
在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法中， 步骤 （二） 中小站根据主站分配的业务时隙与主站进行业务传输的具体方法如下： 小站通过同步信令向主站请求分配业务时隙， 主站根据一个申请周 期内所有小站的请求进行业务时隙划分， 小站根据主站分配的业务时隙 与主站进行业务传输。
在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法中， 主站根据一 个申请周期内所有小站的请求按照资源分配算法进行业务时隙划分， 资 源分配算法包括资源按需分配算法或时隙位置分配算法。
在上述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法中， 与 VSAT系 统互联的外部网络包括 3G核心网或 WiMax。 本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果：
( 1 )、 本发明针对 VSAT系统与其他外部网络融合从而形成大规模的 宽带卫星通信网络， 考虑了 VSAT系统与外部网络融合时的信令交互过 程， 针对原频带资源充足与不充足两种情况， 釆取不同的方式传输控制 信令， 在资源充足时， 从业务时隙中划分出信令时隙， 信令时隙用于 VSAT系统的小站与外部网络进行信令交互， 在资源不充足时， 增加从 无线资源中划分出的专用频段， 专用频段上的单元时隙用于 V SAT系统 的小站与外部网络进行信令交互， 保障了在大规模小站接入情况下控制 信令传输的实时性；
( 2 ) 、 本发明通过将信令时隙划分为单元时隙， 从而使一个原始的 业务时隙可以传送多个交互信令， 从而避免产生资源浪费情况， 节约了 系统资源， 提高了系统容量， 大大提高了系统传输效率；
( 3 ) 、 本发明在原频带资源充足时， 从业务时隙中划分出信令时隙， 当所有小站的信令交互过程全部结束后， 将信令时隙恢复为业务时隙， 继续用于业务数据的传输， 从而实现动态利用系统资源， 增加系统灵活 性；
( 4 )、 本发明根据 VSAT系统的实时要求及 VSAT系统的稳定性要求， 在进行资源分配时， 充分考虑优先级， 将主站与小站之间的接入以及保 持同步的信令优先级别设为最高， 其次为与外部网络的交互信令， 最后 为业务传输数据， 从而能够保障小站与主站之间的周期性同步以及信令 传输的稳定性。
附图说明
图 1为本发明原频带无线资源充足时 VSAT系统帧结构示意图； 图 2-a为本发明原频带无线资源不充足时 VSAT系统原频带帧结构 示意图；
图 2-b为本发明原频带无线资源不充足时 VSAT系统专用频带帧结 构示意图；
图 3 为本发明 VSAT系统主站端无线资源分配流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述： 本发明超大规模 VSAT系统为 VSAT系统与外部网络互联形成， 分 为 VSAT系统原频带无线资源充足与原频带无线资源不充足两种情况。 如图 1所示为本发明原频带无线资源充足时 VSAT系统帧结构示意图， 当原频带无线资源充足时， 超大规模 VSAT系统的帧结构由若干个超帧 组成， 图 1 中给出了一个超帧的图示， 超帧由若干帧组成， 帧由若干时 隙组成， Wf为每帧的频段， Tf为每帧的时间， 时隙类型包括登录时隙、 请求时隙、 同步时隙和业务时隙， 从业务时隙中划分出信令时隙， 信令 时隙由若干单元时隙组成， 信令时隙用于 V SAT系统的小站与外部网络 进行信令交互， 例如本实施例中将两个业务时隙划分为信令时隙， 每个 信令时隙由 7个单元时隙组成。 其中登陆时隙提供给小站发送登录信令 CSC进行登录时使用， 登录时隙在图 1 中釆用 Tcsc表示， 请求时隙与 登录时隙相对应发送登录回应信令 ACQ, 请求时隙在图 1 中釆用 TACQ 表示， 同步时隙用于小站发送同步信令 SYNC与主站保持同步， 同步时 隙在图 1 中釆用 TSYNC表示， 同步后的一个小站对应一个同步信令 SYNC , 共 M个 TSYNC, 业务时隙用于传输业务数据 TRF , 业务时隙在 图 1 中釆用 TTRF表示， 共 N个 TTRF。
如图 2所示为本发明原频带无线资源不充足时 VSAT系统帧结构示 意图， 当 VSAT系统原频带无线资源不充足时， 超大规模 VSAT系统帧 结构由原频带的帧结构和专用频段的帧结构两部分组成， 其中图 2-a为 VSAT系统原频带帧结构示意图， 用于 CSC、 ACQ , SYNC以及业务数 据 TRF的传输； 图 2-b为 VSAT系统专用频带帧结构示意图， 用于小站 与外部网络之间交互控制信令的传输。 原频带的帧结构由若干个超帧组 成， 图 2-a中给出了一个超帧的图示， 超帧由若干帧组成， 帧由若干时 隙组成， 时隙类型包括登录时隙、 请求时隙、 同步时隙和业务时隙， 各 个时隙的含义与图 1 中相同。 专用频段从无线资源中划分出来， 专用频 段上的帧结构由若干单元时隙组成， 单元时隙仅用于 V S A T系统的小站 与外部网络进行信令交互。
本发明基于超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源分配方法， 具体包括 如下步骤：
步骤 （一） 、 VSAT系统的各小站通过登录时隙向 VSAT系统的主 站发送登陆请求，主站接收到小站的登陆请求后为该小站分配请求时隙， 该小站通过分配的请求时隙向主站发送登陆回应信令， 从而实现该小站 到主站的接入。
步骤 （二） 、 已接入到主站的小站通过同步时隙向主站发送同步信 令， 实现小站与主站的同步， 当小站与主站进行业务传输时， 进入步骤 (七） ； 当小站与外部网络进行业务传输时， 首先小站与外部网络进行 信令交互， 进入步骤 （三） ， 如图 3所示 为本发明 VSAT系统主站端 无线资源分配流程图。
步骤 （三） 、 小站对进行交互的信令大小进行标识， 例如可以根据 交互信令的大小，将同步信令 SYNC中的标识值设为 1、 2、 3、 4、 5... ... , 并通过同步信令将上述标识值发送给主站， 主站接收到标识值后， 判断 VSAT系统的原频带无线资源是否充足， 若无线资源充足， 进入步骤 (四） ， 若无线资源不充足， 进入步骤 （五） 。
步骤 （四） 、 主站根据接收到的标识值计算该小站与外部网络进行 信令交互过程所需的单元时隙个数， 并从业务时隙中划分信令时隙， 例 如主站接收到的标识值为 5 , 则在信令时隙中分配 5个单元时隙用于该 小站的信令交互， 进入步骤 （六） 。 划分出的信令时隙在小站与外部网 络的信令交互过程结束之前始终用于信令交互。 当小站与外部网络的信 令交互过程结束后， 小站将信令交互结束的信息通过同步信令发送给主 站， 当主站接收到的所有小站发送的信令交互结束的信息时， 主站收回 该信令时隙， 恢复为业务时隙， 例如通过将同步信令 SYNC中的标识值 设为 0表示信令交互结束信息。
若信令时隙被分配完全， 则再申请与外部网络进行信令交互的小站 进入信令交互等待阶段， 并按照小站优先级进行划分， 即优先级高的小 站优先进入信令交互阶段， 且优先分配信令交互所需的信令时隙。
步骤 （五） 、 进行跳频， 主站根据接收到标识值计算该小站与外部 网络进行信令交互过程所需的单元时隙个数， 并从系统无线资源中划分 出专用频带， 在专用频段中为该小站分配相应个数的单元时隙， 进入步 骤 （六） ； 例如主站接收到的标识值为 3 , 则在专用频段中分配 3个单 元时隙用于该小站的信令交互。 当小站与外部网络的信令交互过程结束 后， 小站将信令交互结束的信息通过同步信令发送给主站， 当主站接收 到的该小站发送的信令交互结束的信息时， 主站收回专用频带， 不再用 于信令过交互程， 且主站跳回至原频带； 例如通过将同步信令 SYNC中 的标识值设为 0表示信令交互结束信息。
若信令时隙被分配完全， 则再申请与外部网络进行信令交互的小站 进入信令交互等待阶段， 并按照小站优先级进行划分， 即优先级高的小 站优先进入信令交互阶段， 且优先分配信令交互所需的信令时隙。
步骤 （六） 、 小站得到主站分配的单元时隙后， 与外部网络进行信 令交互， 交互完成后进入步骤 （八） ；
步骤 （七） 、 小站通过同步信令向主站请求分配业务时隙， 主站根 据一个申请周期内所有小站的请求按照资源分配算法进行业务时隙划 分， 小站根据主站分配的业务时隙与主站进行业务传输； 资源分配算法 包括资源按需分配算法或时隙位置分配算法等。
步骤 （八） 、 小站通过同步信令向主站请求分配业务时隙， 主站根 据一个申请周期内所有小站的请求按照资源分配算法进行业务时隙划 分， 小站根据主站分配的业务时隙与主站进行业务传输， 主站将从小站 接收的业务数据转发给外部网络。 资源分配算法同步骤 （七） 。
上述主站进行资源分配时， 步骤 （一） 中的主站与小站之间的登陆 请求信令、 登陆回应信令以及步骤 （二） 中的同步信令优先级最高， 小 站与外部网络的交互信令优先级其次， 小站与主站或外部网络之间的业 务传输优先级最低。
本发明中与 VSAT系统互联的外部网络包括 3G核心网、 WiMax等。 本发明通过将信令时隙划分为单元时隙， 从而使一个原始的业务时 隙可以传送多个交互信令， 避免了资源浪费情况。 在原始的帧结构中， 一个业务时隙可以传输 188个字节的数据， 而最小的交互信令只有几个 字节， 且当终端站规模增大时， 信令交互过程频繁， 若通过原始的业务 时隙传送一个交互信令则会浪费上行链路资源， 通过将信令时隙划分为 单元时隙， 可以根据交互信令的大小， 动态分配交互信令的时隙， 多个 交互信令通过一个原始的业务时隙发送， 充分利用了上行链路的资源， 提高了系统容量， 大大提高了系统传输效率。
以上所述， 仅为本发明最佳的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围 并不局限于此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范 围内， 可轻易想到的变化或替换， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构， 所述超大规模 VSAT系统为 VSAT系统与外部网络互联形成， 其特征在于： 当 VSAT系统原频带无 线资源充足时， 所述超大规模 VSAT系统的帧结构由若干个超帧组成， 所述超帧由若干帧组成， 所述帧由若干时隙组成， 从所述时隙的业务时 隙中划分出信令时隙， 信令时隙由若干单元时隙组成， 信令时隙用于 VSAT系统的小站与外部网络进行信令交互； 当 VSAT系统原频带无线 资源不充足时， 所述超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构包括原频带的帧结构和 专用频段的帧结构两部分， 所述原频带的帧结构由若干个超帧组成， 所 述超帧由若干帧组成， 所述帧由若干时隙组成， 所述专用频段从无线资 源中划分出来， 专用频段上的帧结构由若干单元时隙组成， 单元时隙仅 用于 VSAT系统的小站与外部网络进行信令交互。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构， 其特 征在于： 所述时隙除业务时隙外， 还包括登录时隙、 请求时隙和同步时 隙， 其中登陆时隙用于小站发送登录信令 CSC进行登录时使用， 请求 时隙与登录时隙相对应， 用于小站发送登录回应信令 ACQ; 同步时隙用 于小站发送同步信令 SYNC与主站保持同步； 业务时隙用于小站传输业 务数据 TRF。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源 分配方法， 其特征在于： 具体包括如下步骤：
步骤 （一） 、 VSAT系统的各小站接入主站， 并与主站保持同步； 步骤 （二） 、 当小站与主站进行业务传输时， 根据主站分配的业务 时隙与主站进行业务传输；
步骤 （三） 、 当小站与外部网络进行业务传输时， 首先小站与外部 网络进行信令交互， 具体步骤如下； ( 1 )、 小站对进行交互的信令大小进行标识， 并通过同步信令将所述 标识值发送给主站， 主站接收到标识值后， 判断 VSAT系统的无线资源 是否充足， 若无线资源充足， 进入步骤（2 ) , 若无线资源不充足， 进入 步骤 （ 3 ) ；
( 2 )、主站根据接收到的标识值计算所述小站与外部网络进行信令交 互过程所需的单元时隙个数， 并从业务时隙中划分出信令时隙， 在信令 时隙中为所述小站分配相应个数的单元时隙， 进入步骤（4 ) ; 当小站与 外部网络的信令交互过程结束后， 小站将信令交互结束的信息通过同步 信令发送给主站，当主站接收到所有小站发送的信令交互结束的信息时， 主站收回所述信令时隙， 恢复为业务时隙；
( 3 )、主站根据接收到标识值计算所述小站与外部网络进行信令交互 过程所需的单元时隙个数， 并从系统无线资源中划分出专用频带， 在专 用频段中为所述小站分配相应个数的单元时隙， 进入步骤（4 ) ; 当小站 与外部网络的信令交互过程结束后， 小站将信令交互结束的信息通过同 步信令发送给主站， 当主站接收到所有小站发送的信令交互结束的信息 时， 主站收回所述专用频带， 不再用于信令交互过程；
( 4 )、 小站得到主站分配的单元时隙后， 在所述频带上与外部网络进 行信令交互；
步骤 （四） 、 小站根据主站分配的业务时隙与主站进行业务传输， 主 站将从 d、站接收的业务数据转发给外部网络。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源 分配方法， 其特征在于： 所述小站通过周期性发送同步信令与主站保持 同步， 若传输交互信令， 则根据交互信令的大小进行标识， 并将标识值 写入同步信令， 若不传输交互信令， 则将标识值设为 0写入同步信令。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源 分配方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 （三） 的 （2 ) 、 ( 3 ) 中若信令时隙 被分配完全， 则再申请与外部网络进行信令交互的小站进入信令交互等 待阶段， 并按照小站优先级进行划分， 即优先级高的小站优先进入信令 交互阶段， 且优先分配信令交互所需的信令时隙。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源 分配方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 （一） 中 VSAT系统的各小站接入主 站， 并与主站保持同步的具体方法如下：
VSAT系统的各小站通过登录时隙向 VSAT系统的主站发送登陆请 求， 主站接收到小站的登陆请求信令后为所述小站分配请求时隙， 所述 小站通过分配的请求时隙向主站发送登陆回应信令， 实现所述小站到主 站的接入； 已接入到主站的小站通过同步时隙向主站发送同步信令， 实 现小站与主站的同步。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源 分配方法， 其特征在于： 主站进行资源分配时， 所述主站与小站之间的 登陆请求信令、 登陆回应信令以及同步信令优先级最高， 小站与外部网 络的交互信令优先级其次， 小站与主站或外部网络之间的业务传输优先 级最低。
8、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源 分配方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤 （二） 中小站根据主站分配的业务时 隙与主站进行业务传输的具体方法如下：
小站通过同步信令向主站请求分配业务时隙， 主站根据一个申请周 期内所有小站的请求进行业务时隙划分， 小站根据主站分配的业务时隙 与主站进行业务传输。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系统帧结构的资源 分配方法， 其特征在于： 所述主站根据一个申请周期内所有小站的请求 按照资源分配算法进行业务时隙划分， 资源分配算法包括资源按需分配 算法或时隙位置分配算法。
10、 根据权利要求 1 -9任一权利要求所述的一种超大规模 VSAT系 统帧结构的资源分配方法， 其特征在于： 所述与 VSAT系统互联的外部 网络包括 3G核心网或 WiMax。
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