WO2015032288A1 - 一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台 - Google Patents

一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015032288A1
WO2015032288A1 PCT/CN2014/085360 CN2014085360W WO2015032288A1 WO 2015032288 A1 WO2015032288 A1 WO 2015032288A1 CN 2014085360 W CN2014085360 W CN 2014085360W WO 2015032288 A1 WO2015032288 A1 WO 2015032288A1
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Prior art keywords
digital interface
real
platform
board
interface device
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张艳
张星
李亚楼
朱旭凯
田芳
徐得超
王峰
刘子新
彭红英
陈绪江
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/27—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
    • G01R31/2832—Specific tests of electronic circuits not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/2836—Fault-finding or characterising
    • G01R31/2846—Fault-finding or characterising using hard- or software simulation or using knowledge-based systems, e.g. expert systems, artificial intelligence or interactive algorithms
    • G01R31/2848—Fault-finding or characterising using hard- or software simulation or using knowledge-based systems, e.g. expert systems, artificial intelligence or interactive algorithms using simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of intelligent substation, and particularly relates to an intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation.
  • Intelligent substation and conventional substation have great differences in data acquisition and equipment connection.
  • the intelligent protection device collects the digital voltage and current signals of the electronic transformer through the merging unit, and no longer uses hardware modules such as isolation, filtering, sample and hold.
  • the transmission of the inter-skip signal is also changed from hard-wired cable to fiber-optic Ethernet connection, so traditional substation testing technology cannot be directly applied to smart substation testing.
  • the test tool or system shall be capable of providing digitized voltage and current information in accordance with IEC 61850, meeting interoperability requirements, and simulating different types of faults and their transient processes in the power system.
  • Currently available test methods include digital protection testers, dynamic simulation tests, and digital real-time simulation tests.
  • the conventional digital protection tester has a small scale test and cannot perform dynamic closed-loop test. It intelligently satisfies the simple function of detecting a single device.
  • the dynamic simulation test has a large investment, the test platform has a large field, and the domestic dynamic model test is limited. It does not have the basic conditions for becoming the mainstream method for intelligent substation system debugging; therefore, the intelligent substation secondary equipment testing technology based on digital real-time simulation will become the future development trend.
  • the intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on digital real-time simulation mainly includes real-time simulation technology of power system and real-time data forwarding platform. Through real-time simulation technology, various processes of power system can be dynamically simulated and connected to actual digital devices for testing. Power system real-time simulation technology is usually based on a high-performance computing platform.
  • the computing platform includes multiple computing cores, and multiple computing cores pass high-speed parallel communication networks.
  • the simulation system is used to model the merging unit and the intelligent terminal of the system under test, and all the models participating in the simulation are converted into IEC61850-compliant messages through the offline interface.
  • all the messages are calculated by the computing platform. Send to data real-time forwarding platform via Gigabit Ethernet
  • the computing platform and the digital interface device exchange data once in each simulation cycle:
  • the computing platform transmits the communication information of the displacement in the message in real time, and after receiving the digital interface device, the update will be updated on the next rising edge of the clock.
  • the IEC61850 message is sent to the external intelligent device, and the GOOSE message from the external smart device is received, and parsed into a simulation message recognizable by the computing platform and sent to the computing platform, and the computing platform uses the variable in the next time simulation calculation. .
  • the digital interface device communicates with the real-time simulation system to perform real-time displacement information interaction and acquire simulation data at the same time; for the IED communication conforming to IEC61850, it is responsible for conforming to IEC61850-9- 1/2, IEC60044-7/8
  • the sampled value (SMV) is sent to the IED and the GOOSE is sent to the IED.
  • the GOOSE network link is established, and the GOOSE trip message of the IED is received, and the trip information is returned to the real-time simulation system.
  • the synchronization of intelligent substation is mainly divided into two categories: one is the synchronization between various protection and monitoring devices in a single substation; the other is the synchronization between the associated substations, for example, the protection of the longitudinal fiber of the line requires the protection devices on both sides of the line to maintain High precision time synchronization.
  • the digital interface device serves as a signal forwarding interface between the real-time computing platform and the external intelligent device.
  • the technical specifications of the digital interface device are directly related to the accuracy of the real-time simulation test. The low conversion accuracy of the digital interface and the inaccurate conversion timing introduce errors in the test; the lower conversion rate of the digital interface results in the simulation step size not being set to a small value.
  • the cycle of data exchange between the computing platform and the physical interface in the all-digital real-time simulation system is very short (typically 50-250 microseconds).
  • the digital interface completes the data conversion of all channels according to the precise timing, and the computing platform.
  • One or more computing cores exchange data.
  • the digital interface device must meet the IEC61850 communication standard, can identify external IED (Intelligent Electronic Device), and can send and receive message data that meets IEC61850. These all place high demands on digital interface design.
  • the invention relates to an intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation, comprising a simulation system calculation platform and a real-time data forwarding platform, wherein the real-time data forwarding platform comprises a digital interface device, and the digital interface device comprises a chassis and a bottom plate. , power board, sync board and a number of function boards of 1 to 6;
  • the power board, the synchronization board and the function board are vertically inserted on the bottom board;
  • the backplane provides a power bus and a synchronous bus for the digital interface device through the power board and the synchronization board; the bottom board is further provided with a 100 Mbps switch chip, and the digital interface device passes the a 100M switch chip performs Ethernet communication with the emulation system computing platform;
  • the synchronization board includes two FT3 receiving ports, receives an external synchronization signal, and is decoded and sent to the synchronous bus;
  • the function board includes two back-switched protocol conversion boards, and the peripheral interfaces include an electrical port, an optical Ethernet port and an FT3 port, and the connected intelligent substation system is connected.
  • the IED synchronously parses the data of the voltage, current, and switch state generated by the simulation system computing platform into a message conforming to the IEC61850-9-1/2, IEC60044-7/8 or GOOSE format and sends the message to the measured.
  • the intelligent substation system simultaneously receives the GOOSE trip information fed back by the measured intelligent substation system.
  • the power supply board, the synchronization board, or the function board and the backplane are both CPCI interface types, and the card insertion mode is post insertion;
  • the chassis of the digital interface device is an 8U, standard 19-inch all-aluminum international standard chassis; the chassis panel is equipped with a power switch and a device working status indicator.
  • the synchronization signal accessed by the synchronization board is a GPS signal, and supports the IEEE1588, IRIG-B, and 1PPS timing modes.
  • the test platform performs a closed-loop simulation process: the simulation system computing platform uses the synchronization signal of the real-time data forwarding platform as a running time base, and passes through Gigabit Ethernet every 250 us.
  • the port sends an SMV and a GOOSE release message to the real-time data forwarding platform, and transmits information such as current grid information and switch position to the intelligent IED device, and simultaneously receives a GOOSE subscription message to detect whether there is action or control information.
  • the calculation is completed before the next data exchange time arrives, and a closed loop process is completed.
  • the peripheral interface of each of the function boards includes an electrical port, eight optical Ethernet ports, and eight FT3 ports, and can simulate up to eight groups of IEC61850-9-1/2. 8 groups of FT3, 12 groups of GOOSE releases and 5 groups of GOOSE subscriptions;
  • One of the digital interface devices simulates up to 48 sets of IEC 61850-9-l/2, 48 sets of FT3, 72 sets of GOOSE releases and 30 sets of GOOSE subscription models.
  • a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention when the number of the digitized interface devices included in the real-time data forwarding platform is greater than 1, all of the digital interface devices operate synchronously with an external synchronization signal as a time base, Digital interface devices connected to one or more servers via Gigabit Ethernet;
  • one of the plurality of servers is a master server, and when the master server receives an interrupt signal, the host server performs a parallel computing environment through the master server.
  • the server synchronizes with the digital interface device for synchronous communication.
  • the test platform implements a "point-to-point" transmission mode to perform test detection on the localization protection, and the sampled values and GOOSE are respectively configured to different output channels;
  • the test platform supports a network transmission mode, and sends the sampled value/GOOSE information required by the measured smart substation system to the sampled value network, and receives the network in the manner of networking.
  • the GOOSE message sent by the intelligent substation system under test, the test platform is based on an external GPS signal, and realizes synchronous operation with the intelligent substation system under test.
  • the test platform adjusts the synchronization signal output by the hardware logic on the real-time data forwarding platform side to implement functions such as analog channel jitter and network congestion;
  • functions such as analog channel jitter and network congestion;
  • the invention provides a secondary substation test platform for intelligent substation based on full digital real-time simulation.
  • the real-time data forwarding platform adopts a digital interface device, and the digital interface device is 8U and standard.
  • the 19-inch all-aluminum international standard chassis is easy to carry.
  • the digital interface device only needs an external high-performance server, and the calculation program is used as the simulation system computing platform.
  • the synchronization signal can be connected to complete the intelligent substation secondary device.
  • the test platform is built, and the number of function boards inserted in the digital interface device can be selected according to the size of the smart substation under test. When the number of interfaces that can be provided by one digital interface device cannot meet the requirements of the intelligent substation under test, Tested with multiple digital interface devices for easy expansion and full station test capability.
  • the digital interface device performs clock synchronization through the externally accessed GPS signal, and supports IEEE1588, IRIG-B, and 1PPS timing modes.
  • the synchronization error is less than 80ns. When multiple interface devices are synchronized and run in parallel, the synchronization error is less than lus.
  • the digital interface device can be modeled according to the IEC61850 standard.
  • the functional set of the analog electronic transformer, the merging unit and the intelligent circuit breaker of each function board can be used for the closed-loop test of localization, station domain and wide area protection.
  • the test message format conforms to the international standard smart substation protocol and domestic diversified message specifications.
  • the intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation has functions such as fault diagnosis and automatic detection.
  • the real-time data forwarding platform side adjusts the output synchronization signal through hardware logic to realize analog channel jitter and network congestion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary substation test platform for an intelligent substation based on full digital real-time simulation according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a secondary substation test platform of an intelligent substation based on all-digital real-time simulation connected to a substation under test according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the interface scale of the digital interface device corresponding to the secondary substation test platform of the intelligent substation based on all-digital real-time simulation provided by FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of multiple digital interface devices provided in parallel operation according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing the localization of a secondary substation test platform for intelligent substation based on full digital real-time simulation provided by the present invention
  • station domain is a view showing the localization of a secondary substation test platform for intelligent substation based on full digital real-time simulation provided by the present invention
  • station domain is a view showing the localization of a secondary substation test platform for intelligent substation based on full digital real-time simulation provided by the present invention
  • station domain wide area protection test schematic diagram
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of various fault simulations of the intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation provided by the present invention.
  • the invention provides an intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation, comprising a simulation system calculation platform and a real-time data forwarding platform, and the real-time data forwarding platform comprises at least one digital interface device, as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 A schematic diagram of a digital interface device for a secondary substation test platform of an intelligent substation based on full digital real-time simulation, which is known from FIG.
  • the word interface device includes a chassis and a bottom plate, a power board, a synchronization board, and the number inside the chassis
  • the bottom board is located at the front of the chassis, and the power board, the synchronizing board and the function board are vertically connected to the bottom board, and the bottom board provides a power bus for the digital interface device through the plugged power board and the synchronizing board And the synchronous bus, at the same time, the backplane is further provided with a 100M switch chip, and the digital interface device performs Ethernet communication with the simulation system computing platform through the 100M switch chip.
  • the synchronization board includes two FT3 receiving ports, which receive external synchronization signals, decode and send them to the synchronous bus. All function boards are connected to the synchronous bus to ensure clock synchronization, and the synchronization error is less than 80 ns.
  • the function board includes two protocol conversion boards with back buckles.
  • the peripheral interfaces include electrical ports, optical Ethernet ports and FT3 ports.
  • the IEDs connected to the intelligent substation system are tested, and the voltage, current and switch status generated by the simulation system computing platform are synchronously synchronized.
  • the data is parsed into an IEC61850-9- 1/2, IEC60044-7/8 or GOOSE format message sent to the external intelligent substation system, and the GOOSE trip information fed back by the measured intelligent substation system can also be received.
  • the digital interface device has a 8U, standard 19-inch all-aluminum international standard chassis, and the chassis panel is equipped with a power switch and a device working status indicator.
  • the synchronization signal accessed by the synchronization board is GPS signal, and supports IEEE1588, IRIG-B, and 1PPS timing modes.
  • Different types of function boards have the same interface, and users can flexibly configure the number of different types of slots as needed.
  • 2 slots are used to insert the dedicated power supply board and the synchronization board of the interface device, and the remaining 6 can be inserted into a suitable number of function boards, power boards, synchronization boards or
  • the interface between the function board and the backplane is CPCI (Compact Peripheral Component Interconnect), and the plug-in mode is post-plug.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform connected to a tested substation based on full digital real-time simulation according to the present invention.
  • the synchronization signal of the real-time data forwarding platform of the simulation system computing platform is Run time base, send SMV and GOOSE publish messages to the real-time data forwarding platform through the Gigabit Ethernet port every 250us, transmit the current grid information and switch position information to the intelligent IED device, and receive a GOOSE subscription message at the same time.
  • each function board includes one electrical port, 8 optical Ethernet ports and 8 FT3 ports. It can simulate up to 8 groups of IEC61850-9- 1/2, 8 groups of FT3, 12 groups of GOOSE releases and 5 groups of GOOSE subscriptions. .
  • a digital interface device is provided with up to six function boards. The entire digital interface device can simulate 48 sets of IEC61850-9- 1/2, 48 sets of FT3, 72 sets of GOOSE releases and 30 sets of GOOSE subscription models when the board is fully loaded. , to meet the test scale of the typical 220kV substation.
  • the invention provides a secondary substation test platform for intelligent substation based on full digital real-time simulation.
  • the real-time data forwarding platform adopts a digital interface device.
  • the digital interface device is an 8U, standard 19-inch all-aluminum international standard chassis, which is convenient to carry. In actual operation, the digital interface device only needs To connect an external high-performance server, run the calculation program as the simulation system computing platform, and connect the synchronization signal to complete the construction of the intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform.
  • the present invention provides a full-digital real-time simulation. Schematic diagram of the interface scale of the digital interface device corresponding to the secondary equipment test platform of the intelligent substation.
  • the digital interface device can be inserted into 1 ⁇ 6 function boards for data exchange.
  • the user can select the number of inserted function boards according to the size of the intelligent substation under test.
  • the size of the intelligent substation under test is large, and a digital interface device can When the number of interfaces provided cannot meet the requirements, multiple digital interface devices can be used for testing at the same time.
  • Multiple digital interface devices can be connected to a high-performance server through Gigabit Ethernet, or can be connected to different high-performance servers. .
  • FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of a plurality of digital interface devices provided in parallel according to the present invention. When operating in parallel, the digital interface device 1 is the master station, and the other digital interface devices are slave stations.
  • the synchronization signal of the whole system is synchronously synchronized by the external synchronization source. All the digital interface devices operate synchronously with the synchronization signal as the time base.
  • the server 1 receives the interrupt signal, it passes through the server parallel computing (MPI) environment, and all servers are synchronized and digitized.
  • the interface device performs synchronous communication, and there is no difference between the internal operation timing and the independent operation time of each digital interface device.
  • the schematic diagram of the localization, station domain, and wide area protection test using the intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation is provided.
  • the test platform implements a “point-to-point” transmission method to test the localization protection, and the sampled values and GOOSE are respectively configured to different output channels.
  • the test platform supports the network transmission mode, which can send the sampled value/GOOSE information required by the intelligent substation system to the sampled value network, and receive the measured intelligent substation in a networked manner.
  • the GOOSE message sent by the system, the test platform is based on the external GPS signal, and realizes synchronous operation with the intelligent substation system under test to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test method.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of various fault simulations of the intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation provided by the present invention.
  • Intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on full digital real-time simulation, with fault diagnosis, automatic detection and other functions, on the real-time data forwarding platform side through the hardware logic to adjust its output synchronization signal to achieve analog channel jitter and network blocking and other functions,
  • the computing platform side by adjusting the sampled value counter and the data source generated by the simulation to achieve abnormal conditions such as frame loss, misstep, out of order, false data and false quality, the intelligent substation under test is evaluated under various abnormal conditions. Work performance.
  • the intelligent substation secondary equipment test platform based on all-digital real-time simulation has a dynamic model test standardized grid model, a fault library and an automatic test flow, realizes a whole process or a step-by-step sequence test technology, and automatically generates a final test report.
  • the main research contents of the running status and fault condition simulation test of the whole station are: sequence control, switch/knife gate operation under normal or emergency state, anti-missing lock operation, reactive power optimization control, load optimization control, different initial device settings Different short circuit faults, etc.
  • the test platform can simulate the output of the merging unit, intelligent terminal and electronic transformer.

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Abstract

一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台，实时数据转发平台包括数字化接口装置，数字化接口装置包括机箱以及位于机箱内部的底板、电源板、同步板和数量为1〜6个的功能板；底板通过插接上的电源板和同步板为数字化接口装置提供电源总线和同步总线；数字化接口装置通过百兆交换芯片与仿真系统计算平台进行以太网通信；同步板接收外部的同步信号，解码后发送到同步总线上；所有的功能板均连接同步总线保证时钟同步。上述实时数据转发平台采用的是机箱结构的数字化接口装置，可以根据被测智能变电站规模的大小来选择数字化接口装置中插入的功能板的数目。

Description

一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台 技术领域
本发明涉及智能变电站领域， 具体涉及一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变 电站二次设备试验平台。
背景技术
智能变电站与常规变电站在数据采集、 设备连接等方面存在较大差异， 智 能保护装置通过合并单元采集电子互感器的数字化电压和电流信号， 不再使用 隔离变换、 滤波、 采样保持等硬件模块， 而跳合间信号的传输也由电缆硬接线 方式改为光纤以太网连接， 因此传统的变电站测试技术不能直接适用于智能变 电站测试。 为实现对智能变电站的测试或试验， 测试工具或系统应能够提供符 合 IEC61850标准的数字化电压和电流信息， 满足互操作性要求， 并可以模拟电 力系统不同类型故障及其暂态过程。 目前已有的测试方法包括数字化保护测试 仪、 动态模拟试验和数字实时仿真试验等。
常规的数字化保护测试仪测试规模较小， 且不能进行动态闭环试验， 智能 满足对单装置进行检测的简单功能； 动态模拟试验投资较大， 试验平台场地较 大， 且国内的动模试验有限， 不具备成为智能变电站系统调试主流方法的基本 条件； 因此基于数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备测试技术将成为以后的发 展趋势。
基于数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备测试平台主要包括电力系统实时 仿真技术和数据实时转发平台， 通过实时仿真技术可以动态模拟电力系统各种 过程， 接入实际数字化装置进行试验。 电力系统实时仿真技术通常基于高性能 计算平台， 计算平台包括多个计算核心， 多个计算核心通过高速并行通信网络
(myrinet/infiniband) 互连， 基于并行计算实现电力系统的实时仿真计算。
在仿真开始前， 通过仿真软件对被测系统进行合并单元和智能终端建模， 并通过离线接口将所有参与仿真的模型转换成为符合 IEC61850格式的报文， 仿 真开始初期， 计算平台将所有报文通过千兆以太网发送到数据实时转发平台
(数字化接口装置） 内存中， 计算平台和数字化接口装置在每一仿真周期交换 一次数据： 计算平台实时发送报文中变位的通信信息， 数字化接口装置接收到 以后， 在下一个时钟上升沿将更新后的 IEC61850报文发送给外部智能装置， 同 时接收来自外部智能装置的 GOOSE报文， 解析为计算平台可识别的仿真报文 并发送给计算平台， 计算平台在下一时步的仿真计算中使用该变量。 数字接口 装置对下跟实时仿真系统进行通信， 进行实时变位信息的交互， 同时获取仿真 数据； 对上跟遵循 IEC61850 的 IED 通信， 负责将符合 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 IEC60044-7/8的采样值 （SMV) 传送给 IED、 并将 GOOSE发布传送给 IED， 建立 GOOSE网链路， 同时接收 IED的 GOOSE跳闸报文， 将跳闸信息返回给 实时仿真系统。
智能变电站同步主要分为两大类： 一是单一变电站内各种保护测控装置之 间的同步； 二是相关联变电站之间的同步， 比如线路光纤纵差保护需要线路两 侧的保护装置保持着高精度的时间同步。 数字化接口装置作为实时计算平台和 外部智能装置之间的信号转发接口， 数字化接口装置的技术指标直接关系到实 时仿真试验的准确性。 数字化接口的转换精度不高、 转换时序不精确会在试验 中引入误差； 数字化接口的转换速率较低会导致仿真步长不能设置较小值。 全 数字实时仿真系统中计算平台和物理接口交换数据的周期非常短 （典型值为 50- 250微秒） ， 在一个周期内数字化接口要按照精确的时序完成所有通道的数据 转换， 并和计算平台中一个或多个计算核心交换数据。 此外， 数字化接口装置 必须满足 IEC61850通讯标准， 能识别外部 IED (Intelligent Electronic Device, 智能电子设备） ， 能收发满足 IEC61850的报文数据， 这些都对数字化接口设计 提出了很高的要求。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台， 包 括仿真系统计算平台和实时数据转发平台， 所述实时数据转发平台包括数字化 接口装置， 所述数字化接口装置包括机箱、 底板、 电源板、 同步板和数量为 1〜6个的功能板；
所述电源板、 同步板和功能板均垂直插接在所述底板上；
所述底板通过插接上的所述电源板和所述同步板为所述数字化接口装置提 供电源总线和同步总线； 所述底板上还设有百兆交换芯片， 所述数字化接口装 置通过所述百兆交换芯片与所述仿真系统计算平台进行以太网通信；
所述同步板包括 2个 FT3接收端口， 接收外部的同步信号， 解码后发送到 所述同步总线上；
所有的所述功能板均连接所述同步总线保证时钟同步， 所述功能板包括两 块背扣的协议转换板， 外围接口包括电口、 光以太网口和 FT3 口， 连接被测智 能变电站系统的 IED， 同步地把所述仿真系统计算平台产生的电压、 电流、 开 关状态的数据解析成符合 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 IEC60044-7/8或 GOOSE格式的报文 发送给所述被测智能变电站系统， 同时接收所述被测智能变电站系统反馈的 GOOSE跳闸信息。
本发明提供的第一优选实施例中： 所述电源板、 同步板或者功能板与底板 之间均为 CPCI的接口类型， 插卡方式为后插；
所述数字化接口装置的机箱为 8U、 标准 19英寸全铝国际标准机箱； 所述机箱面板配有电源开关、 装置工作状态指示灯。 本发明提供的第二优选实施例中： 所述同步板接入的同步信号为 GPS信 号， 支持 IEEE1588、 IRIG-B、 1PPS对时方式。
本发明提供的第三优选实施例中： 所述试验平台进行闭环仿真过程中： 所述仿真系统计算平台以所述实时数据转发平台的同步信号为运行时基， 每隔 250us 通过千兆以太网口向所述实时数据转发平台发送一次 SMV和 GOOSE发布报文， 将当前电网信息与开关位置等信息传送给智能 IED装置， 同时接收一次 GOOSE订阅报文， 来检测是否有动作、 控制的信息， 并代入计 算程序中在下次数据交换时间到来之前完成计算， 完成一次闭环过程。
本发明提供的第四优选实施例中： 每个所述功能板的外围接口包括一个电 口、 8个光以太网口和 8个 FT3 口， 最大能够模拟 8组 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 8组 FT3、 12组 GOOSE发布和 5组 GOOSE订阅；
一个所述数字化接口装置最多模拟 48组 IEC61850-9-l/2、 48组 FT3、 72组 GOOSE发布和 30组 GOOSE订阅模型。
本发明提供的第五优选实施例中： 所述实时数据转发平台包含的所述数字 化接口装置的数量大于 1 时， 所有所述数字化接口装置均以外部同步信号为时 基同步运行， 所述多个数字化接口装置通过千兆以太网连接在一台或者多台服 务器上；
所述多个数字化接口装置连接在多台服务器上时， 所述多台服务器中的一 台为主服务器， 在所述主服务器接收到中断信号时， 通过所述主服务器并行计 算环境， 所有所述服务器同步与所述数字化接口装置进行同步通信。
本发明提供的第六优选实施例中： 对于就地化保护， 所述试验平台实行"点 对点"传输方式对就地化保护进行试验检测， 采样值和 GOOSE分别配置到不同 的输出通道；
对于站域保护和广域保护， 所述试验平台支持组网传输模式， 将所述被测 智能变电站系统所需要的采样值 /GOOSE信息发送到采样值网络上， 同时以组 网方式接收所述被测智能变电站系统发送的 GOOSE报文， 所述试验平台基于 外部 GPS信号， 实现与所述被测智能变电站系统同步运行。
本发明提供的第七优选实施例中： 所述试验平台在所述实时数据转发平台 侧通过硬件逻辑调整其输出的同步信号， 来实现模拟通道抖动及网络阻塞等功 能； 在计算平台一侧， 通过调整采样值计数器及仿真产生的数据源来实现丢 帧、 错步、 失序、 假数据和假品质等异常工况， 来评判所述被测智能变电站在 各种异常情况下的工作性能。
本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台的 有益效果包括：
1、 本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平 台， 实时数据转发平台采用的是数字化接口装置， 该数字化接口装置为 8U、 标 准 19英寸全铝国际标准机箱， 便于携带， 在实际操作中， 该数字化接口装置只 需要外接高性能服务器， 运行计算程序作为仿真系统计算平台， 同时接入同步 信号即可完成智能变电站二次设备试验平台的搭建， 并且可以根据被测智能变 电站规模的大小来选择数字化接口装置中插入的功能板的数目， 在一个数字化 接口装置能提供的接口数目不能满足被测智能变电站的需求时， 可以同时使用 多个数字化接口装置进行试验， 便于扩展， 具备整站测试能力。
2、 数字化接口装置通过外部接入的 GPS 信号进行时钟同步， 支持 IEEE1588、 IRIG-B、 1PPS 对时方式， 同步误差小于 80ns， 多台接口装置同 步、 并联运行时， 同步误差小于 lus。
3、 数字化接口装置可以遵循 IEC61850标准进行建模， 每块功能板的可模 拟电子式互感器、 合并单元、 智能断路器的功能集合， 可以对就地化、 站域、 广域保护闭环测试。 其测试报文格式符合国际标准的智能变电站规约及国内多 样化的报文规约。
4、 基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台， 具有故障诊断、 自动检测等功能， 在实时数据转发平台侧通过硬件逻辑调整其输出的同步信 号， 来实现模拟通道抖动及网络阻塞等功能， 在计算平台一侧， 通过调整采样 值计数器及仿真产生的数据源来实现丢帧、 错步、 失序、 假数据和假品质等异 常工况， 来评判被测智能变电站在各种异常情况下的工作性能。
附图说明
如图 1所示为本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设 备试验平台的结构示意图；
如图 2所示为本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设 备试验平台接入被测变电站原理图；
如图 3所示为本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设 备试验平台所对应的数字化接口装置接口规模示意图；
如图 4所示为本发明提供的多个数字化接口装置并联运行时的连接图； 如图 5所示为本发明提供的利用基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设 备试验平台进行就地化、 站域、 广域保护测试原理图；
如图 6所示为本发明提供的利用基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设 备试验平台进行多种故障模拟示意图。
具体实施方式
下面根据附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。
本发明提供一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台， 包 括仿真系统计算平台和实时数据转发平台， 实时数据转发平台包括至少一个的 数字化接口装置， 如图 1所示为本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能 变电站二次设备试验平台的数字化接口装置的结构示意图， 由图 1可知， 该数 字化接口装置包括机箱以及位于机箱内部的底板、 电源板、 同步板和数量为
1〜6个的功能板， 底板位于机箱前部， 电源板、 同步板和功能板均垂直插接在 底板上， 该底板通过插接上的电源板和同步板为该数字化接口装置提供电源总 线和同步总线， 同时， 该底板上还设有百兆交换芯片， 该数字化接口装置通过 该百兆交换芯片与仿真系统计算平台进行以太网通信。
同步板包括 2个 FT3接收端口， 接收外部的同步信号， 解码后发送到同步 总线上， 所有的功能板均连接该同步总线保证时钟同步， 同步误差小于 80ns。 功能板包括两块背扣的协议转换板， 外围接口包括电口、 光以太网口和 FT3 口， 连接被测智能变电站系统的 IED， 同步地把仿真系统计算平台产生的电 压、 电流、 开关状态等数据解析成符合 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 IEC60044-7/8 或 GOOSE格式的报文发送给外接被测智能变电站系统， 同时也可以接收被测智能 变电站系统反馈的 GOOSE跳闸信息。
进一步的， 数字化接口装置的机箱为 8U、 标准 19英寸全铝国际标准机 箱， 机箱面板配有电源开关、 装置工作状态指示灯等。
同步板接入的同步信号为 GPS信号， 支持 IEEE1588、 IRIG-B、 1PPS对时 方式。
不同类型的功能板接口统一， 用户可根据需要灵活配置不同类型插槽数 目。 数字化接口装置的底板上设置有 8个插槽时， 其中 2个插槽用于插入该接 口装置的专用电源板和同步板， 其余 6个可插入合适数量的功能板， 电源板、 同 步 板 或 者 功 能 板 与 底 板 之 间 均 为 CPCI ( Compact Peripheral Component Interconnect) 的接 Π类型， 插卡方式为后插。
如图 2所示为本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设 备试验平台接入被测变电站原理图， 仿真过程中， 仿真系统计算平台以实时数 据转发平台的同步信号为运行时基， 每隔 250us通过千兆以太网口向实时数据 转发平台发送一次 SMV和 GOOSE发布报文， 将当前电网信息与开关位置等信 息传送给智能 IED装置， 同时接收一次 GOOSE订阅报文， 来检测是否有动 作、 控制等信息， 并代入计算程序中在下次数据交换时间到来之前完成计算， 如此则完成了一次闭环过程。
每个功能板的外围接口包括一个电口、 8个光以太网口和 8个 FT3 口， 最 大可模拟 8组 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 8组 FT3、 12组 GOOSE发布和 5组 GOOSE订 阅。 一个数字化接口装置最多设置有 6个功能板， 整个数字化接口装置在插满 板卡的情况下可以模拟 48组 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 48组 FT3、 72组 GOOSE发布和 30组 GOOSE订阅模型， 满足典型 220kV变电站整站测试规模。
本发明提供的一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台， 实时数据转发平台采用的是数字化接口装置， 该数字化接口装置为 8U、 标准 19英寸全铝国际标准机箱， 便于携带， 在实际操作中， 该数字化接口装置只需 要外接高性能服务器， 运行计算程序作为仿真系统计算平台， 同时接入同步信 号即可完成智能变电站二次设备试验平台的搭建， 如图 3所示为本发明提供的 一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台所对应的数字化接口 装置接口规模示意图。
数字化接口装置内部可插入 1〜6个功能板， 进行数据的交换， 用户可以根 据被测智能变电站规模的大小来选择插入功能板的数目， 在被测智能变电站规 模较大， 一个数字化接口装置能提供的接口数目不能满足需求时， 可以同时使 用多个数字化接口装置进行试验， 多个数字化接口装置可以通过千兆以太网连 接在一台高性能服务器上， 也可以连接在不同的高性能服务器上。 如图 4所示 为本发明提供的多个数字化接口装置并联运行时的连接图。 并联运行时， 其中 数字化接口装置 1 为主站， 其它数字化接口装置为从站。 整个系统的同步信号 由外部同步源统一同步， 所有数字化接口装置均以该同步信号为时基同步运 行， 在服务器 1接收到中断信号时， 通过服务器并行计算 （MPI) 环境， 所有 服务器同步与数字化接口装置进行同步通信， 各个数字化接口装置的内部运行 时序和独立运行时没有区别。
进一步的， 如图 5所示为本发明提供的利用基于全数字实时仿真的智能变 电站二次设备试验平台进行就地化、 站域、 广域保护测试原理图。
对于就地化保护， 试验平台实行 "点对点"传输方式对就地化保护进行试验 检测， 采样值和 GOOSE分别配置到不同的输出通道。 对于站域保护和广域保 护， 试验平台支持组网传输模式， 可以将被测智能变电站系统所需要的采样值 /GOOSE等信息发送到采样值网络上， 同时以组网方式接收被测智能变电站系 统发送的 GOOSE报文， 试验平台基于外部 GPS信号， 实现与被测智能变电站 系统同步运行， 来保证测试方法的准确性与可靠性。
如图 6所示为本发明提供的利用基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设 备试验平台进行多种故障模拟示意图。
基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台， 具有故障诊断、 自 动检测等功能， 在实时数据转发平台侧通过硬件逻辑调整其输出的同步信号， 来实现模拟通道抖动及网络阻塞等功能， 在计算平台一侧， 通过调整采样值计 数器及仿真产生的数据源来实现丢帧、 错步、 失序、 假数据和假品质等异常工 况， 来评判被测智能变电站在各种异常情况下的工作性能。
根据本发明的基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台具备动 模试验标准化电网模型、 故障库和自动测试流程， 实现了全过程或分步骤顺序 测试技术， 并自动生成最终的测试报告， 全站的运行状态和故障情况仿真测试 主要研究内容有： 顺序控制、 正常或紧急状态下的开关 /刀闸操作、 防误闭锁操 作、 无功优化控制、 负荷优化控制、 一次设备设定不同相别的短路故障等。 该试验平台可以模拟合并单元、 智能终端以及电子式互感器的输出， 不仅 支持国际标准的 IEC61850-9-l/-9-2、 IEC60044及 GOOSE规约， 建模时自动导 入 SCD文件， 并可人工修改报文格式， 以便支持不同厂家的多样化的规约及国 网公司的双 AD报文格式。
最后应当说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限 制， 尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 所属领域的普通技术人 员应当理解： 依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换， 而未 脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换， 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利 要求范围当中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种基于全数字实时仿真的智能变电站二次设备试验平台， 包括仿真系统 计算平台和实时数据转发平台，其特征在于， 所述实时数据转发平台包括数字化 接口装置， 所述数字化接口装置包括机箱、 底板、 电源板、 同步板和数量为 1〜 6个的功能板；
所述电源板、 同步板和功能板均垂直插接在所述底板上；
所述底板通过插接上的所述电源板和所述同步板为所述数字化接口装置提 供电源总线和同步总线； 所述底板上还设有百兆交换芯片， 所述数字化接口装置 通过所述百兆交换芯片与所述仿真系统计算平台进行以太网通信；
所述同步板包括 2个 FT3接收端口， 接收外部的同步信号， 解码后发送到所 述同步总线上；
所有的所述功能板均连接所述同步总线保证时钟同步， 所述功能板包括两块 背扣的协议转换板， 外围接口包括电口、 光以太网口和 FT3 口， 连接被测智能 变电站系统的 IED， 同步地把所述仿真系统计算平台产生的电压、 电流、 开关状 态的数据解析成符合 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 IEC60044-7/8或 GOOSE格式的报文发送 给所述被测智能变电站系统， 同时接收所述被测智能变电站系统反馈的 GOOSE 跳闸信息。
2.如权利要求 1所述的试验平台， 其特征在于，
所述电源板、 同步板或者功能板与底板之间均为 CPCI的接口类型， 插卡方 式为后插；
所述数字化接口装置的机箱为 8U、 标准 19英寸全铝国际标准机箱； 所述机箱面板配有电源开关、 装置工作状态指示灯。
3.如权利要求 1所述的试验平台， 其特征在于， 所述同步板接入的同步信号 为 GPS信号， 支持 IEEE1588、 IRIG-B、 1PPS对时方式。
4.如权利要求 1所述的试验平台， 其特征在于， 所述试验平台进行闭环仿真 过程中：
所述仿真系统计算平台以所述实时数据转发平台的同步信号为运行时基， 每 隔 250us通过千兆以太网口向所述实时数据转发平台发送一次 SMV和 GOOSE 发布报文， 将当前电网信息与开关位置的信息传送给智能 IED装置， 同时接收 一次 GOOSE订阅报文， 来检测是否有动作、 控制的信息， 并代入计算程序中在 下次数据交换时间到来之前完成计算， 完成一次闭环过程。
5.如权利要求 1所述的试验平台， 其特征在于， 每个所述功能板的外围接口 包括一个电口、8个光以太网口禾 P 8个 FT3口，最大能够模拟 8组 IEC61850-9- 1/2、 8组 FT3、 12组 GOOSE发布和 5组 GOOSE订阅； 一个所述数字化接口装置最多模拟 48组 IEC61850-9-l/2、 48组 FT3、 72组 GOOSE发布和 30组 GOOSE订阅模型。
6.如权利要求 1所述的试验平台， 其特征在于， 所述实时数据转发平台包含 的所述数字化接口装置的数量大于 1时，所有所述数字化接口装置均以外部同步 信号为时基同步运行，所述多个数字化接口装置通过千兆以太网连接在一台或者 多台服务器上；
所述多个数字化接口装置连接在多台服务器上时， 所述多台服务器中的一台 为主服务器，在所述主服务器接收到中断信号时， 通过所述主服务器并行计算环 境， 所有所述服务器同步与所述数字化接口装置进行同步通信。
7.如权利要求 1所述的试验平台， 其特征在于， 对于就地化保护， 所述试验 平台实行"点对点 "传输方式对就地化保护进行试验检测， 采样值和 GOOSE分别 配置到不同的输出通道；
对于站域保护和广域保护， 所述试验平台支持组网传输模式， 将所述被测智 能变电站系统所需要的采样值 /GOOSE信息发送到采样值网络上， 同时以组网方 式接收所述被测智能变电站系统发送的 GOOSE 报文， 所述试验平台基于外部 GPS信号， 实现与所述被测智能变电站系统同步运行。
8.如权利要求 1所述的试验平台， 其特征在于， 所述试验平台在所述实时数 据转发平台侧通过硬件逻辑调整其输出的同步信号，来实现模拟通道抖动及网络 阻塞等功能； 在计算平台一侧， 通过调整采样值计数器及仿真产生的数据源来实 现丢帧、 错步、 失序、 假数据和假品质等异常工况， 来评判所述被测智能变电站 在各种异常情况下的工作性能。
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