WO2015027644A1 - 一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及设备 - Google Patents
一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015027644A1 WO2015027644A1 PCT/CN2013/089948 CN2013089948W WO2015027644A1 WO 2015027644 A1 WO2015027644 A1 WO 2015027644A1 CN 2013089948 W CN2013089948 W CN 2013089948W WO 2015027644 A1 WO2015027644 A1 WO 2015027644A1
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- biomass fuel
- calcium
- feeder
- calcium carbide
- raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/942—Calcium carbide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing calcium carbide of biomass fuel, belonging to the technical field of calcium carbide production. Background technique
- Calcium carbide is commonly known as calcium carbide (CaC 2 ) and is known as the mother of organic synthesis. Currently mainly used in the production of vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and acrylic based products. In recent years, due to the rapid rise in oil prices, the development of calcium carbide industry has been further stimulated. The output of calcium carbide in China has increased from 4.25 million tons in 2002 to 17.737 million tons in 2011.
- Modern industrial production generally uses electric furnace smelting to produce calcium carbide.
- coke and calcium oxide (molecular formula CaO) are smelted in an electric furnace at about 2200 ° C to form calcium carbide (molecular formula CaC 2 ).
- Quicklime and carbonaceous raw materials (coke, anthracite or petroleum coke) are generated in a calcium carbide furnace by means of an arc high temperature melting reaction.
- the mixture is added to the electric furnace through an inlet or a pipe at the upper end of the electric furnace, and heated to about 2000 ° C in an open or closed electric furnace to form a calcium carbide according to the following formula: CaO + 3C ⁇ CaC 2 + CO.
- the molten calcium carbide is taken out from the bottom of the furnace, cooled, crushed, and packaged as a finished product.
- the Achilles heel of this production method is that the energy consumption is very high and the pollution is serious.
- the use of waste to reduce raw material costs is one of the important means to improve the production efficiency of electrothermal calcium carbide.
- CN1313243A proposed the use of lignite, long-flame coal and raw coal to replace metallurgical coke, which is in short supply and expensive.
- the oxythermal method that was later developed is a combination of blast furnace oxygen-enriched oxygen-heating method for CaC 2 (calcium carbide), limestone extraction of carbon, and high-temperature low-pressure gas generator.
- the three-use process technology makes the CaC 2 production comprehensively utilize the waste heat and coal ash in the coal gasification process, and the ferrosilicon is added to the CaC 2 and the CaC 2 is purified to obtain the ferrosilicon; the "high temperature and low pressure" gas generator
- In order to produce CaC 2 from gas production about 168kg of pure carbon is extracted from limestone, and gas (CO is 55%-95%) 6000-2600m 3 can be produced, and about 4.5 tons of methanol can be produced.
- Oxygen enrichment not only increases the furnace temperature but also increases the CO content of the gas. Oxygen plays a dual-use effect. Gas after coal thermal energy utilization, used for coal chemical industry or clean power generation. This process is a low energy consumption and low pollution type CaC 2 and gas production process. In recent years, with the rapid development of the world economy, oil resources are increasingly scarce, and the calcium carbide acetylene route once again shows a price advantage. However, the carbonaceous raw materials used in the production of calcium carbide are mainly ores such as coal, and there is also a shortage today. Therefore, it is urgent to find a low-energy, renewable resource that replaces coal.
- the conventional reactor for producing calcium carbide is a fixed bed, which can only be used for the reaction of bulk materials, has poor heat transfer effect, has hot spots, and has low reaction efficiency at hot spots.
- the traditional fixed bed produces calcium carbide with high energy consumption and low utilization rate of raw materials.
- the electric furnace structure is relatively complicated, the power consumption is relatively large, and the cost is high.
- Plasma used in traditional large industrial boilers The ignition device is only used when the device is started. When the temperature inside the boiler is lowered, the ignition device cannot be secondarily ignited to restore the temperature inside the boiler to normal.
- the production technology of calcium carbide is also unbalanced in the world.
- the United States is the first country to industrialize the production of calcium carbide; Germany is the country with more developed calcium carbide production technology, and has the world's largest capacity calcium carbide furnace; for most developing countries, calcium carbide production technology is still quite backward, for China
- the calcium carbide industry still shows the status of “high energy consumption, high input, high pollution, and low comprehensive output”.
- the calcium carbide industry must carry out technological innovations to achieve the goals of energy conservation, consumption reduction, and emission reduction, and achieve recycling, efficient, and environmentally friendly use of resources. Summary of the invention
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing calcium carbide from biomass fuel.
- the invention uses the biomass fuel as a carbonaceous raw material to produce calcium carbide, and develops a calcium carbide production method and equipment with simple process, low energy consumption, wide source of raw materials and low cost, and can solve the high input, high energy consumption and high calcium carbide production.
- the problem of pollution is to provide a method and apparatus for producing calcium carbide from biomass fuel.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a calcium carbide from a biomass fuel, comprising the steps of: using a biomass fuel and a calcium-containing raw material as raw materials for producing calcium carbide; coking the biomass fuel to coke the biomass
- the volatile matter generated by the fuel and the by-product CO produced by the production of the calcium carbide as part or all of the preheated fuel, the preheated fuel and the auxiliary fuel are burned to preheat the calcium-containing raw material; the biomass is then coked After the solid carbon produced by the fuel is mixed with the preheated calcium-containing raw material, a calcium carbide reaction is produced to produce a calcium carbide.
- the preheated fuel may further include coking a portion of solid carbon produced by the biomass fuel, and when the preheating fuel further comprises coking the biomass fuel
- the solid carbon mixed with the preheated calcium-containing material is another portion of solid carbon. That is, preheating the fuel may include coking the volatiles produced by the biomass fuel and a portion of the solid carbon and the by-product CO produced by the production of the calcium carbide. Wherein the sum of the portion of solid carbon and the other portion of solid carbon is all solid carbon produced by coking the biomass fuel.
- the biomass fuel is an elongated biomass fuel having a length of 2 to 10 mm.
- the calcium-containing raw material is a powdery calcium-containing raw material having a particle size of less than 1 mm.
- the biomass fuel is biomass fuel produced by processing straw, rice husk, peanut shell, corn cob, oil tea shell, cottonseed hull and "three remnants".
- the "three remnants" also known as forest three remnants, refers to: harvesting residues (referring to branches, alfalfa, treetops, bark, leaves, roots and canes, shrubs, etc.), material residues (refers to the material truncation), processing surplus (refers to the sheet, slats, wooden bamboo truncated, saw foam, broken veneer, wood core, shavings, wood blocks, corners, etc.), "three remnants "Processing to produce biomass fuels is a conventional "three-remain” processing method in the art.
- the calcium-containing raw material comprises one or a combination of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbide slag.
- the calcium carbide slag is a waste residue containing calcium hydroxide as a main component after the acetylene gas is obtained by the conventional calcium carbide hydrolysis in the art.
- the mass ratio of the biomass fuel to the calcium-containing raw material is 1: (0.9-1.1). More preferably, the mass ratio of the biomass fuel to the calcium-containing material is 1: 0.92.
- the temperature of the biomass fuel is 280-500 ° C for 10-18 minutes.
- the mass ratio of the portion of solid carbon to the other portion of solid carbon is 1: ( 1.96-5.10).
- the auxiliary fuel (oxidant) is a first oxygen-containing gas
- the first oxygen-containing gas includes oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or air.
- the volume ratio of the preheated fuel to the auxiliary fuel is 1: (4-5).
- the volume ratio refers to a volume ratio of gas, and when the preheated fuel includes solid carbon, the volume of solid carbon is not included in the volume of the preheated fuel.
- the preheated fuel and the auxiliary fuel are burned to 1750-1950 °C to preheat the calcium-containing raw material to 500-1500 °C.
- preheating the calcium-containing raw material not only reduces the consumption of biomass fuel in the subsequent reaction, but also increases the purity of the calcium carbide in the product, and also reduces the oxygen consumption of the reaction.
- the volatile gases produced by coking of biomass fuel contain some flammable substances, and direct venting causes waste of energy.
- CO can cause air pollution, and its chemical utilization involves deep desulfurization and transportation problems, which has the disadvantage of high cost.
- the method of the present invention uses the two parts of the gas as a preheating fuel, which not only prevents air pollution, but also effectively utilizes energy, thereby achieving both.
- a second oxygen-containing gas is introduced during the production of the calcium carbide reaction, and the second oxygen-containing gas includes oxygen or an oxygen-rich gas.
- the second oxygen-containing gas includes oxygen or an oxygen-rich gas.
- the temperature at which the calcium carbide is produced is 1700-2100 ° C and the time is 0.1-10 minutes.
- the method for producing a calcium carbide by the above biomass fuel comprises the following steps: (1) a long strip of biomass fuel having a length of 2-10 mm and a powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less
- the calcium-containing raw material is mixed as a raw material for producing calcium carbide at a mass ratio of 1: (0.9-1.1), and the long-shaped biomass fuel is coked at 280-500 ° C to cause volatile matter or coking generated by the coking biomass fuel.
- the present invention also provides an apparatus for producing calcium carbide of biomass fuel (that is, a system for producing calcium carbide by biomass fuel), which is a device for producing calcium carbide by using the above method for producing calcium carbide by biomass fuel, which comprises at least: Preheating unit, solid mixing unit and reaction unit;
- the raw material preheating unit comprises: a calcium-containing raw material preheating unit and a biomass fuel preheating unit;
- the calcium-containing raw material preheating unit comprises at least: a feeder 1, a calcium-containing raw material preheater, a heat exchanger 1 and a gas compression device; the calcium-containing raw material preheater is provided with at least a solid material inlet; a solid material outlet, a gas inlet 1 and a gas outlet, the gas compression device having at least a preheated fuel inlet (the preheated fuel inlet being a gaseous preheated fuel inlet) and an auxiliary fuel inlet, the feeder An outlet is connected to the solid material inlet of the calcium-containing raw material preheater through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger is connected to the gas of the calcium-containing raw material preheater through a pipeline, the gas The compression device is connected to the gas of the calcium-containing raw material preheater through a pipeline into the u-phase;
- the biomass fuel preheating unit comprises at least: a feeder 2, a biomass fuel preheater and a heat exchanger 2; the biomass fuel preheater is provided with at least a solid material inlet 2, a gas outlet 2 and a solid Material outlet 2, the outlet of the feeder 2 is connected to the solid material inlet of the biomass fuel preheater through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger 2 passes through the pipeline and the gas of the biomass fuel preheater Export two-phase connection;
- the solid mixing unit comprises at least: a feeder 3, a feeder 4 and a solid material mixer; the solid material mixer is provided with at least a solid material inlet 3, a solid material inlet 4 and a solid material outlet 4; Feeder The inlet of the third is connected to the solid material outlet of the calcium-containing raw material preheater through a pipeline, and the inlet of the feeder 4 is connected to the solid material outlet of the biomass fuel preheater through a pipeline.
- the solid material inlet 3 of the solid material mixer is connected to the outlet of the feeder 3 through a pipeline, and the solid material inlet 4 of the solid material mixer is connected to the outlet of the feeder 4 through a pipeline;
- the reaction unit comprises at least: a feeder 5, a reactor, a heat exchanger 3 and a gas compression device 2; the reactor is provided with at least a solid material inlet 5, a gas inlet 3, a gas outlet 3 and a solid material outlet 5
- the inlet of the feeder 5 is connected to the solid material outlet of the solid material mixer through a pipeline, and the outlet of the feeder 5 is connected to the solid material inlet of the reactor through a pipeline.
- the heat exchanger 3 is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor through a pipeline in three phases
- the gas compression device 2 is connected to the gas inlet of the reactor through a pipeline in three phases;
- the gas outlet of the heat exchanger 2 and the gas outlet of the heat exchanger 3 are connected to the gas compression device 1 through a line.
- the biomass fuel preheating unit and the calcium-containing material preheating unit are connected in parallel or in series.
- the calcium-containing raw material preheating unit further includes a feed.
- the sixth calcium-containing raw material preheater is further provided with a solid material inlet six, and the outlet of the feeder 6 is connected to the solid material inlet of the calcium-containing raw material preheater through a pipeline, and
- the biomass fuel preheater is further provided with a solid material outlet 3, and the inlet of the feeder 6 is connected to the solid material outlet of the biomass fuel preheater through a pipeline.
- the calcium-containing raw material preheater is a calcium-containing raw material preheater with a plasma ignition temperature control device
- the biomass fuel preheater is provided with A biomass fuel preheater for a plasma ignition temperature control device, the reactor being a circulating fluidized bed reactor with a plasma ignition temperature control device.
- both the reactor and the preheater use a plasma ignition temperature control device as an ignition device; when the temperature of the circulating fluidized bed reactor or the preheater is lowered, the ignition device automatically Secondary ignition, the circulating fluidized bed reactor and preheater temperature returned to normal.
- the gas compressing means 2 is provided with at least a second oxygen-containing gas inlet.
- the feeder 1, the feeder 2, the feeder 3, the feeder 4, the feeder 5, and the feeder 6 are respectively auger Feeders, star feeders, electromagnetic vibratory feeders, built-in biomass screw feeders, U-type pneumatic valve feeders or high temperature feeders.
- the heat exchanger 1, the heat exchanger 2 and the heat exchanger 3 are respectively a tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger or a heat exchange boiler.
- the method for producing calcium carbide by using the biomass fuel to produce calcium carbide may include at least the following steps: placing the biomass fuel and the calcium-containing raw material as raw materials for producing calcium carbide in the feeder 2 and the feeder 1 respectively; The raw material enters the calcium-containing raw material preheater through the inlet of the solid material through the feeder, so that the biomass fuel enters the biomass fuel preheater through the inlet 2 of the solid material through the feeder 2; the raw material in the biomass fuel preheater The material fuel is coked, and the volatile matter generated by coking enters the heat exchanger 2 through the gas outlet 2; the volatile matter generated by the coking biomass fuel after heat exchange of the heat exchanger and the heat exchange of the heat exchanger
- the by-product CO produced by the calcium carbide is used as a preheating fuel, and the preheated fuel and the auxiliary fuel are respectively passed through the preheating fuel inlet of the gas compressing device and the auxiliary fuel inlet into the gas compressing device, and then enter the calcium containing raw material through the gas inlet
- the preheater performs combustion to preheat the calcium-containing raw material, so that the gas generated by preheating the calcium-containing raw material is discharged through the gas outlet and then enters the heat exchange.
- the heat exchange after the coking of the biomass fuel is discharged through the solid material outlet 2 and then enters the feeder 4, and then enters the solid material mixer through the feeder 4 and the solid material inlet 4, so that after the preheating
- the calcium-containing raw material is discharged through the solid material outlet and then enters the feeder 3, and then enters the solid material mixer through the feeder 3 and the solid material inlet 3, so that the solid carbon produced by the coking of the biomass fuel and the preheated content are contained.
- the calcium raw material is uniformly mixed in the solid material mixer; the uniformly mixed solid material is discharged through the solid material outlet 4 and then enters the feeder 5, and then enters the reactor through the feeder 5 and the solid material inlet 5, so that the second content is included.
- the oxygen gas enters the reactor through the gas inlet device 2 through the gas inlet 3, and the solid carbon produced by coking the biomass fuel in the reactor and the preheated calcium-containing raw material are subjected to calcium carbide reaction to produce calcium carbide, and the obtained calcium carbide is obtained.
- the by-product CO produced by the calcium carbide production is discharged through the gas outlet three and then enters the heat exchanger 3.
- the method for producing a calcium carbide by the biomass fuel further comprises the steps of: discharging a part of the solid carbon produced by the coking biomass fuel through the solid material outlet 3 and then entering the feeder six, and then Through the feeder 6 and the solid material into the U-six into the calcium-containing raw material preheater, the volatile matter generated by the coking biomass fuel after the heat exchange of the heat exchanger, a part of the solid carbon produced by the coking biomass fuel, and The by-product CO produced by the production of calcium carbide after heat exchange of the heat exchanger is used as a preheating fuel.
- the solid carbon entering the feeder 4 after being discharged through the solid material outlet 2 is another part of the solid carbon produced by the coking biomass fuel, and then entering the solid material mixer and the solid carbon of the reactor. Another portion of solid carbon produced by coking biomass fuel. The sum of the portion of solid carbon and the other portion of solid carbon is all solid carbon.
- the method and apparatus for producing calcium carbide of the biomass fuel of the invention have the following advantages: 1. Compared with the traditional calcium carbide production method, the carbonaceous raw material of the invention selects a new environmentally-friendly renewable energy-biomass fuel, and the raw material source is wide and renewable. Non-polluting, high utilization rate, fast reaction rate, low coking temperature and high production capacity; since biomass fuel does not contain sulfur and phosphorus, it does not corrode boilers, which can prolong the service life of boilers, enterprises will benefit greatly, and when burning It does not produce sulfur dioxide and phosphorus pentoxide, so it does not cause acid rain, does not pollute the atmosphere, and does not pollute the environment.
- biomass fuel is clean and hygienic, easy to feed, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and greatly improves the working environment.
- the cost for labor will be reduced;
- the method of the present invention uses biomass fuel coking volatiles and/or solid carbon and by-product CO produced by calcium carbide to be heated to reduce the energy consumption of the reaction and increase the raw materials. Utilization rate;
- the apparatus of the invention adopts a circulating fluidized bed reactor The unreacted solid raw material taken out of the reactor by the gas can be re-collected and sent to the reactor for re-reaction, thereby improving the utilization rate of the raw materials;
- the apparatus of the present invention uses a plasma ignition temperature control device instead of the conventional ignition mode.
- the ignition device is provided with a temperature control device.
- the ignition device automatically re-ignites, and the reactor or the preheater is heated again to stabilize the temperature of the reactor or the preheater, ensuring the reaction. Smooth progress.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart showing a method of producing a calcium carbide by the biomass fuel of the first embodiment.
- Example 2 is a schematic flow chart showing a method of producing calcium carbide by the biomass fuel of Example 2.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for producing a calcium carbide by the biomass fuel of the third embodiment.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus for producing calcium carbide by the biomass fuel of the fourth embodiment.
- Biomass fuel A calcium-containing raw material B calcium carbide C
- Feeder 1 10-12 Calcium raw material preheater 12 Heat exchanger one 13 Gas compression device - 14 Solid material inlet - 15 Solid material outlet - 16 Gas inlet - 17
- Solid material inlet four 35 solid material outlet four 36 feeder five 41 reactor 42 heat exchanger three 43 gas compression device two 44 solid material inlet five 45 gas inlet three 46 gas outlet three 47 solid material outlet five 48
- the embodiment provides a method for producing calcium carbide by biomass fuel. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:
- a long strip of biomass fuel A having a length of 2-10 mm and a powdery calcium-containing raw material B having a particle size of 1 mm or less are used as a raw material for producing calcium carbide at a mass ratio of 1: (0.9-1.1), at 280 Coking biomass fuel A at -500 ° C to make the volatile matter produced by coking biomass fuel A or the volatile matter produced by coking biomass fuel A and a part of solid carbon, and the by-product CO of calcium carbide production as a preheating fuel,
- the preheated fuel and the auxiliary fuel oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or air
- the gas volume ratio of the preheated fuel to the auxiliary fuel is 1: (4-5);
- This embodiment provides a method of producing calcium carbide from biomass fuel.
- 2 is a block diagram showing the steps of the method of the present invention.
- the biomass fuel with a length of 2-10 mm and a calcium-containing material with a particle size of 1 mm or less and a mass ratio of 1 : (0.9-1.1) were placed in two feeders.
- the long strip of biomass fuel is coked at 280-500 ° C, and the volatiles obtained by coking and the by-product CO produced by calcium carbide are burned to preheat heat of the calcium-containing raw material.
- the biomass fuel A having a length of 2-10 mm and the calcium-containing raw material B having a particle size of 1 mm or less are placed in the first preheater 1 and the second preheater 2 in a mass ratio of 1: (0.9-1.1), respectively. in.
- the long strip of biomass fuel is coked in the first preheater 1, and the calcium containing material is preheated in the second preheater 2.
- the solid carbon and the calcium-containing raw material obtained by coking are then mixed and reacted in the production of the calcium carbide reactor 3 to form a calcium carbide.
- the embodiment provides a device for producing calcium carbide by biomass fuel, as shown in FIG. 3, which includes: a raw material preheating list Element, solid mixing unit and reaction unit;
- the raw material preheating unit comprises: a calcium-containing raw material preheating unit and a biomass fuel preheating unit;
- the biomass fuel preheating unit and the calcium-containing raw material preheating unit are connected in parallel;
- the calcium-containing raw material preheating unit comprises: a feeder 1 1 , a calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 with a plasma ignition temperature control device, a heat exchanger 13 and a gas compression device 14; the calcium-containing raw material
- the preheater 12 is provided with a solid material inlet- 15 , a solid material outlet 16 , a gas inlet 17 and a gas outlet 18 .
- the gas compression device has at least a preheating fuel inlet and an auxiliary fuel inlet.
- the outlet of the feeder-1 is connected to the solid material inlet 15- of the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 through a line, and the heat exchanger 13 passes through the pipeline and the gas of the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12.
- the outlet 18 is connected, and the gas compression device 14 is connected to the gas inlet 17 of the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 through a pipeline;
- the biomass fuel preheating unit comprises: a feeder 2, a biomass fuel preheater 22 with a plasma ignition temperature control device, and a heat exchanger 2; the biomass fuel preheater 22 is provided a solid material inlet 24, a gas outlet 2, and a solid material outlet 26, wherein the outlet of the feeder 2 is connected to the solid material inlet 24 of the biomass fuel preheater 22 via a line.
- the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the gas outlet 25 of the biomass fuel preheater 22 through a pipeline;
- the solid mixing unit comprises: a feeder three 31, a feeder four 32 and a solid material mixer 33; the solid material mixer 33 is provided with a solid material inlet three 34, a solid material inlet four 35 and a solid material outlet 4.
- the inlet of the feeder 3 31 is connected to the solid material outlet 16 of the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 through a pipeline, and the inlet of the feeder 4 32 passes through the pipeline and the biomass fuel.
- the solid material outlets 26 of the preheater 22 are connected, and the solid material inlets 34 of the solids material mixer 33 are connected to the outlet of the feeders 31 through a line, the solids of the solid material mixer 33 Material inlets 4 35 are connected to the outlets of the feeders 32 through lines;
- the reaction unit comprises: a feeder 5 41, a circulating fluidized bed reactor 42 with a plasma ignition temperature control device, a heat exchanger 3 43 and a gas compression device 2 44; the reactor 42 is provided with solid materials An inlet five 45, a gas inlet three 46, a gas outlet three 47, and a solid material outlet five 48; the inlet of the feeder five 41 is connected to the solid material outlet 436 of the solid material mixer 33 via a line, The outlet of the feeder 5 41 is connected to the solid material inlet 5 45 of the reactor 42 via a line, and the heat exchanger 3 43 is connected to the gas outlet 37 of the reactor 42 through a line, the gas The compression device two 44 is connected to the gas inlet 36 of the reactor 42 via a line, the gas compression device 44 is provided with at least a second oxygen-containing gas inlet; the gas outlet and the gas of the heat exchanger 23 The gas outlet of the heat exchanger three 43 is connected to the gas through a pipeline Body compression device one 14.
- the method for producing calcium carbide using the apparatus for producing biomass of biomass fuel of the present embodiment may include the following steps: a long strip of biomass fuel having a length of 2-10 mm and a powdery calcium-containing material having a particle size of 1 mm or less (such as calcium carbonate) The mass ratio of 1: (0.9-1.1) is placed in the feeder 2 21 and the feeder 11 respectively as raw materials for producing calcium carbide; the calcium-containing raw material is passed through the feeder 11 through the solid material inlet 15
- the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 allows the biomass fuel to enter the biomass fuel preheater 22 through the solid material inlet 24 through the feeder 2; the biomass fuel in the biomass fuel preheater 22 is 280-500 Coking at °C, the gas (volatility) generated by coking enters the heat exchanger 2 through the gas outlet 225; the first oxygen-containing gas (ie, auxiliary fuel, oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or air) is exchanged.
- the gas (volatiles) after heat exchange of the heat exchangers 23 and the gas (mainly by-product CO) after heat exchange by the heat exchangers 34 are passed through the auxiliary fuel inlet of the gas compression device 14 and the preheated fuel inlet into the gas compression.
- the solid carbon is discharged through the solid material outlet 26 and then enters the feeder 4 32, and then enters the solid material mixer 33 through the feeder 4 32 and the solid material inlet 4 35, so that the preheated calcium-containing raw material passes through the solid material outlet. After a 16 discharge, it enters the feeder 3 31, and then enters the solid material mixer 33 via the feeder 3 31 and the solid material inlet 34, so that the solid carbon produced by the coking of the biomass fuel and the preheated calcium-containing raw material are
- the solid material mixer 33 is uniformly mixed; the uniformly mixed solid material is discharged through the solid material outlet 4, 36, and then enters the feeder 5, 41, and then enters the reaction through the feeder 5 and the solid material inlet 5:45. 42.
- the produced solid carbon and the preheated calcium-containing raw material are subjected to a calcium carbide reaction at a temperature of 1700-2100 ° C for 0.1-10 minutes to produce a calcium carbide, and the obtained calcium carbide is discharged through a solid material out of U 5 48 to make a calcium carbide production plant.
- the gas produced (mainly by-product CO) is discharged through gas outlets 37 and then enters heat exchangers 343.
- the embodiment provides a device for producing calcium carbide of biomass fuel, as shown in FIG. 4, which comprises: a raw material preheating unit, a solid mixing unit and a reaction unit;
- the raw material preheating unit comprises: a calcium-containing raw material preheating unit and a biomass fuel preheating unit;
- the biomass fuel preheating unit and the calcium-containing raw material preheating unit are connected in series;
- the calcium-containing raw material preheating unit comprises: feeder one 11, feeder six 19, with plasma ignition temperature control
- the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 is provided with a solid material inlet 15-, a solid material inlet six 10, and a solid material outlet 16.
- the solid material inlet 15 of the heat exchanger 12 is connected to each other, and the outlet of the feeder 6 19 is connected to the solid material inlet 610 of the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger 13 passes through a line is connected to the gas outlet 18 of the calcium-containing material preheater 12, and the gas compression device 14 is connected to the gas inlet 17 of the calcium-containing material preheater 12 via a line;
- the biomass The fuel preheating unit comprises: a feeder 2, a biomass fuel preheater 22 with a plasma ignition temperature control device, and a heat exchanger 2; the biomass fuel preheater 22 is provided with a solid material inlet 2 24, gas outlet two 25, solid material out Two 26 and a solid material outlet three 27, the outlet of the feeder 2 is connected to the solid material inlet 24 of the biomass fuel preheater 22 through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger 23 passes through the pipeline
- the gas outlets 25 of the biomass fuel preheater 22 are connected, and the inlet of the feeder
- the solid mixing unit comprises: a feeder three 31, a feeder four 32 and a solid material mixer 33; the solid material mixer 33 is provided with a solid material inlet three 34, a solid material inlet four 35 and a solid material outlet 4.
- the inlet of the feeder 3 31 is connected to the solid material outlet 16 of the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 through a pipeline, and the inlet of the feeder 4 32 passes through the pipeline and the biomass fuel.
- the solid material outlets 26 of the preheater 22 are connected, and the solid material inlets 34 of the solids material mixer 33 are connected to the outlet of the feeders 31 through a line, the solids of the solid material mixer 33 Material inlets 4 35 are connected to the outlets of the feeders 32 through lines;
- the reaction unit comprises: a feeder 5 41, a circulating fluidized bed reactor 42 with a plasma ignition temperature control device, a heat exchanger 3 43 and a gas compression device 2 44; the reactor 42 is provided with solid materials Inlet five 45, gas into U three 46, gas out U three 47 and solid material out U five 48; the inlet U of the feeder five 41 through the pipeline and the solid material outlet of the solid material mixer 33 four 36 phase Connected, the outlet of the feeder 5 41 is connected to the solid material inlet 5 45 of the reactor 42 via a line, and the heat exchanger 3 43 is connected to the gas outlet 37 of the reactor 42 through a line.
- the gas compression device 2 is connected to the gas inlet 36 of the reactor 42 through a pipeline, and the gas compression device 44 is provided with at least a second oxygen-containing gas inlet;
- the gas outlet and the gas outlet of the heat exchanger three 43 are connected to the gas compression device 14 by a line.
- the biomass fuel preheating unit in the apparatus of the embodiment is connected in series with the calcium-containing raw material preheating unit, so that a part of the solid carbon produced by the coking biomass fuel can be used for preheating the calcium-containing raw material to reduce Fuel costs.
- the method for producing calcium carbide using the apparatus for producing biomass of biomass fuel of the present embodiment may include the following steps: a long strip of biomass fuel having a length of 2 to 10 mm and a powdery calcium-containing material having a particle size of 1 mm or less (such as limestone).
- the raw material for producing calcium carbide is placed in the feeder 2 21 and the feeder 11 in a mass ratio of 1: (0.9-1.1); the calcium-containing raw material is passed through the feeder 11 through the solid material inlet 15 to enter
- the calcium raw material preheater 12 causes the biomass fuel to enter the biomass fuel preheater 22 through the solid material inlet 24 through the feeder 2; the biomass fuel in the biomass fuel preheater 22 is 280-500°.
- the gas (volatilized) produced by coking enters the heat exchanger 2 through the gas outlet 2 25; a part of the solid carbon produced by the coking is discharged through the solid material outlet 3 27 and then enters the feeder 6 19, and then Feeding the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12 through the feeder 6 and the solid material inlet 6 to make the first oxygen-containing gas (ie, auxiliary fuel, including oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or air), and heat exchange through the heat exchanger 23 Rear
- the gas (volatiles) and the heat exchanged by the heat exchangers pass through the auxiliary fuel inlet of the gas compression device-14 and the preheated fuel inlet into the gas compression device-14, and then through the gas.
- the inlet 17 enters the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12, and in the calcium-containing raw material preheater 12, the volatile matter generated by the coking and a part of the solid carbon, the by-product CO produced by the production of the calcium carbide, and the first oxygen-containing gas are burned.
- the oxygen gas inlet enters the gas compression unit 2, 44 and enters the reactor 42 via the gas inlet 36, another portion of the solid carbon produced by coking the biomass fuel in the reactor 42 and the preheated calcium-containing material at a temperature of 1700-
- the calcium carbide reaction is carried out at 2100 ° C for 0.1-10 minutes to produce calcium carbide, and the obtained calcium carbide is discharged through the solid material outlet 5 48, so that the gas generated by the calcium carbide production (mainly by-product CO) is discharged through the gas outlet 3 47 .
- the mass ratio of the part of the solid carbon to the other part of the solid carbon is 1: ( 1.96-5.10), the sum of the two is Metaplasia biofuels produced all solid carbon.
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及设备。该生物质燃料生产电石的方法包括以下步骤:以生物质燃料和含钙原料作为生产电石的原料;焦化生物质燃料,将焦化生物质燃料所产生的挥发分以及生产电石所产生的副产物CO作为部分或全部预热燃料,使预热燃料与辅助燃料进行燃烧以预热含钙原料;再将焦化生物质燃料所产生的固态碳和预热后的含钙原料进行混合后,进行生产电石反应,生产得到电石。该生物质燃料生产电石的设备至少包括:原料预热单元、固体混合单元和反应单元。与传统电石生产相比,本发明将生物质燃料作为含碳原料生产电石,具有原料来源广、可再生、无污染、焦化温度低、生产能力大等优点,本发明的方法及设备具有工艺简单、能耗小、原料来源广泛、成本低等特点,能够解决电石生产"高投入、高能耗、高污染"的问题。
Description
一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及设备, 属于电石生产技术领域。 背景技术
碳化钙俗称电石(CaC2 ), 有 "有机合成之母"之称。 目前主要用于生产氯乙烯基、 醋酸乙烯基和丙烯酸基等系列产品。近年来由于石油价格高速上涨更加剌激了电石工业 的发展, 我国电石产量从 2002年的 425万吨增加到了 201 1年的 1737.67万吨。
现代工业生产一般多采用电炉熔炼法生产电石。 电炉熔炼法是将焦炭与氧化钙(分 子式 CaO ) 置于 2200°C左右的电炉中熔炼, 生成碳化钙 (分子式 CaC2 ) 。 生石灰和含 碳原料 (焦炭、 无烟煤或石油焦)在电石炉内, 依靠电弧高温熔化反应而生成电石。 通 过电炉上端的入口或管道将混合料加入电炉内,在开放或密闭的电炉中加热至 2000°C左 右, 根据下式反应生成电石: CaO+3C→CaC2+CO。 熔化了的碳化钙从炉底取出后, 经 冷却、 破碎后作为成品包装。 该生产方法的致命弱点是能耗非常高, 而且污染严重。 为 了节约能源、 降低成本并减轻对环境的污染, 利用废物来降低原料成本是提高电热法电 石生产效率的重要手段之一。 2000年, CN1313243A提出采用褐煤、 长焰煤和原煤来代 替货源紧缺、 价格昂贵的冶金焦炭为原料。
后来兴起的氧热法是集高炉富氧氧热法熔炼 CaC2 (电石) 、 石灰石中提取炭、 高 温低压煤气发生炉于一体。 此一炉三用工艺技术, 使 CaC2生产综合利用了煤气化过程 中的余热和煤灰, 煤灰加配料熔融后生成 CaC2和提纯 CaC2时得到硅铁; "高温低压" 煤气发生炉, 使煤气产(发)生 CaC2, 从石灰石中提取纯炭 168kg左右, 产生煤气(CO 在 55%-95% ) 6000-2600m3 , 可生产 4.5吨左右的甲醇。 富氧既提高了炉温又提高了煤 气的 CO含量, 氧气起到了一举两用的效果。 煤热能利用后的煤气, 用于煤化工或清洁 发电。 此工艺为低能源消和低污染型的 CaC2与煤气生产工艺。 近年来, 随着世界经济 的快速发展, 石油资源日益稀缺, 电石乙炔法路线再次表现出价格优势。 但是生产电石 所用的含碳原料主要是煤之类的矿石,现今也出现了匮乏。故寻找一种替代煤的低能耗、 可再生资源已经迫在眉睫。
此外,传统的生产电石的反应器为固定床,只能用于块状原料的反应,传热效果差, 存在热点,热点处反应效率较低。并且传统固定床生产电石时能耗较大,原料利用率低。 同时, 电炉构造比较复杂, 耗电量比较大, 成本较高。 传统大型工业锅炉采用的等离子
点火装置只在装置启动时使用, 当锅炉内温度降低时, 点火装置不能二次点火使锅炉内 温度恢复到正常。
电石的生产技术在世界范围内发展也是不平衡的。美国是最早工业化生产电石的国 家; 德国是世界上电石生产技术较为发达的国家, 拥有世界上容量最大的电石炉; 而对 于大多数发展中国家来讲, 电石生产技术还相当落后, 就我国而言, 虽然近年来有了很 大的改善, 但是电石产业依然表现出 "高能耗、 高投入、 高污染、低综合产出"的状况。 电石产业要健康发展必须进行技术革新, 达到节能、 降耗、 减排的目标, 实现资源的循 环、 高效、 环保利用。 发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及设 备。 本发明将生物质燃料作为含碳原料生产电石, 研制出 /一种工艺简单、 能耗小、 原 料来源广泛、 成本低的电石生产方法及设备, 能够解决电石生产 "高投入、 高能耗、 高 污染" 的问题。
为达上述目的, 本发明提供一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其包括以下步骤: 以 生物质燃料和含钙原料作为生产电石的原料; 焦化所述生物质燃料, 将焦化所述生物质 燃料所产生的挥发分以及生产电石所产生的副产物 CO作为部分或全部预热燃料, 使所 述预热燃料与辅助燃料进行燃烧以预热所述含钙原料; 再将焦化所述生物质燃料所产生 的固态碳和预热后的含钙原料进行混合后, 进行生产电石反应, 生产得到电石。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述预热燃料还可以包括焦化所 述生物质燃料所产生的一部分固态碳, 当所述预热燃料还包括焦化所述生物质燃料所产 生的一部分固态碳时, 与预热后的含钙原料进行混合的固态碳为另一部分固态碳。 也就 是说, 预热燃料可以包括焦化所述生物质燃料所产生的挥发分和一部分固态碳以及生产 电石所产生的副产物 CO。 其中, 所述一部分固态碳和所述另一部分固态碳的总和为焦 化所述生物质燃料所产生的全部固态碳。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述生物质燃料为长度 2-10mm 的长条状生物质燃料。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述含钙原料为粒度小于 1mm 的粉末状含钙原料。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述生物质燃料为秸秆、 稻壳、 花生壳、 玉米芯、 油茶壳、 棉籽壳及 "三剩物"经过加工产生的生物质燃料中的一种或
几种的组合。 其中, 所述 "三剩物"也称森林三剩物, 是指: 采伐剩余物 (指枝、 丫、 树梢、 树皮、 树叶、 树根及藤条、 灌木等) 、 造材剩余物 (指造材截头) 、 加工剩余物 (指板皮、 板条、 木竹截头、 锯沫、 碎单板、 木芯、 刨花、 木块、 边角余料等) , "三 剩物"加工产生生物质燃料的方法为本领域常规的 "三剩物"加工方法。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述含钙原料包括碳酸钙、氧化 钙、 氢氧化钙以及电石渣等中的一种或几种的组合。 其中, 所述电石渣为本领域常规的 电石水解获取乙炔气后的以氢氧化钙为主要成分的废渣。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述生物质燃料与所述含钙原料 的质量比为 1 : ( 0.9-1.1 ) 。 更优选地, 所述生物质燃料与所述含钙原料的质量比为 1 : 0.92。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 焦化所述生物质燃料的温度为 280-500 °C , 时间为 10-18分钟。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 当预热燃料包括焦化生物质燃料 所产生的一部分固态碳时, 所述一部分固态碳与所述另一部分固态碳的质量比为 1 : ( 1.96-5.10) 。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述辅助燃料(氧化剂)为第一 含氧气体, 该第一含氧气体包括氧气、 富氧空气或空气等。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述预热燃料与所述辅助燃料的 体积比为 1 : (4-5 ) 。 其中, 所述的体积比是指气体的体积比, 当所述预热燃料包括固 态碳时, 固态碳的体积不计入预热燃料的体积中。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 使所述预热燃料与辅助燃料进行 燃烧达到 1750-1950°C以预热所述含钙原料至 500-1500°C。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中,预热含钙原料不仅可以减少后续反应中生 物质燃料的消耗, 提高产物中的电石纯度, 还可以降低反应的氧耗。 生物质燃料焦化所 产生的挥发性气体中含有部分可燃性物质, 直接排空造成了能源的浪费。 CO作为电石 生产的副产物, 其排空会导致空气污染, 其化工利用涉及深度脱硫和输送等问题, 具有 成本高的缺点。 本发明的方法将这两部分气体作为预热燃料, 既防止了空气的污染, 又 有效利用了能量, 一举两得。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 进行生产电石反应时通入第二含 氧气体, 该第二含氧气体包括氧气或富氧气体等。 本领域技术人员能够对该第二含氧气
体的用量进行常规的调节, 一般为微量。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 优选地, 所述生产电石反应的温度为 1700-2100 °C , 时间为 0.1-10分钟。
根据本发明的具体实施方式, 优选地, 上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法包括以下 步骤: (1 )、将长度为 2-10 mm的长条状生物质燃料和粒度在 1mm以下的粉末状含钙原 料以 1 : (0.9-1.1 )的质量比混合作为生产电石的原料,使长条状生物质燃料在 280-500°C 下进行焦化, 使焦化生物质燃料所产生的挥发分或焦化生物质燃料所产生的挥发分和一 部分固态碳, 以及电石生产的副产物 CO作为预热燃料, 使所述预热燃料与辅助燃料进 行燃烧达到 1750-1950°C, 从而给含钙原料的预热供热, 以使含钙原料预热至 500-1500 V , 其中, 所述预热燃料与所述辅助燃料的气体体积比为 1 : (4-5 ); (2)、 将焦化所述 生物质燃料所产生的全部固态碳或另一部分固态碳和预热后的含钙原料混合后,通入微 量氧气或富氧气体, 在温度 1700-2100°C下进行生产电石反应 0.1-10分钟, 生产得到电 石。
本发明还提供一种生物质燃料生产电石的设备(即,一种生物质燃料生产电石的系 统) , 其为采用上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法进行电石生产的设备, 其至少包括: 原料预热单元、 固体混合单元和反应单元;
所述原料预热单元包括: 含钙原料预热单元及生物质燃料预热单元;
所述含钙原料预热单元至少包括: 进料器一、含钙原料预热器、换热器一和气体压 缩装置一; 所述含钙原料预热器上至少设有固体物料入口一、 固体物料出口一、 气体入 口一和气体出口一, 所述气体压缩装置一上至少设有预热燃料入口 (该预热燃料入口为 气态预热燃料入口) 以及辅助燃料入口, 所述进料器一的出口通过管线与所述含钙原料 预热器的固体物料入口一相连接,所述换热器一通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器的气体 出 u—相连接,所述气体压缩装置一通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器的气体入 u—相连 接;
所述生物质燃料预热单元至少包括: 进料器二、 生物质燃料预热器和换热器二; 所 述生物质燃料预热器上至少设有固体物料入口二、 气体出口二和固体物料出口二, 所述 进料器二的出口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的固体物料入口二相连接,所述换热 器二通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的气体出口二相连接;
所述固体混合单元至少包括: 进料器三、进料器四和固体物料混合器; 所述固体物 料混合器上至少设有固体物料入口三、 固体物料入口四和固体物料出口四; 所述进料器
三的入口通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器的固体物料出口一相连接,所述进料器四的入 口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的固体物料出口二相连接,所述固体物料混合器的 固体物料入口三通过管线与所述进料器三的出口相连接,所述固体物料混合器的固体物 料入口四通过管线与所述进料器四的出口相连接;
所述反应单元至少包括: 进料器五、 反应器、 换热器三和气体压缩装置二; 所述反 应器上至少设有固体物料入口五、 气体入口三、 气体出口三和固体物料出口五; 所述进 料器五的入口通过管线与所述固体物料混合器的固体物料出口四相连接,所述进料器五 的出口通过管线与所述反应器的固体物料入口五相连接,所述换热器三通过管线与所述 反应器的气体出口三相连接,所述气体压缩装置二通过管线与所述反应器的气体入口三 相连接;
所述换热器二的气体出口和所述换热器三的气体出口通过管线连接于所述气体压 缩装置一。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备中, 优选地, 所述生物质燃料预热单元与所述 含钙原料预热单元为并联连接或串联连接。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备中, 优选地, 当所述生物质燃料预热单元与所 述含钙原料预热单元为串联连接时, 所述含钙原料预热单元还包括进料器六, 所述含钙 原料预热器上还设有固体物料入口六,所述进料器六的出口通过管线与所述含钙原料预 热器的固体物料入口六相连接,并且,所述生物质燃料预热器上还设有固体物料出口三, 所述进料器六的入口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的固体物料出口三相连接。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备中, 优选地, 所述含钙原料预热器为带有等离 子点火温控装置的含钙原料预热器,所述生物质燃料预热器为带有等离子点火温控装置 的生物质燃料预热器, 所述反应器为带有等离子点火温控装置的循环流化床反应器。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备中,反应器和预热器均釆用等离子点火温控装 置作为点火装置; 当循环流化床反应器或预热器的温度降低时, 点火装置会自动二次点 火, 使循环流化床反应器和预热器温度恢复正常。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备中, 优选地, 所述气体压缩装置二上至少设有 第二含氧气体入口。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备中, 优选地, 所述进料器一、 进料器二、 进料 器三、 进料器四、 进料器五和进料器六分别为螺旋推料器、 星型给料器、 电磁振动进料 器、 内置式生物质螺旋进料器、 U型气动阀给料器或耐高温进料器等。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备中, 优选地, 所述换热器一、 换热器二和换热 器三分别为管式换热器、 板式换热器或换热锅炉等。
采用上述生物质燃料生产电石的设备进行电石生产的方法至少可包括以下步骤: 将生物质燃料和含钙原料作为生产电石的原料分别置于进料器二和进料器一中;使 含钙原料通过进料器一经固体物料入口一进入含钙原料预热器, 使生物质燃料通过进料 器二经固体物料入口二进入生物质燃料预热器; 使生物质燃料预热器中的生物质燃料进 行焦化, 焦化所产生的挥发分经气体出口二进入换热器二; 使经换热器二换热后的焦化 生物质燃料所产生的挥发分以及经换热器三换热后的生产电石所产生的副产物 CO作为 预热燃料, 使预热燃料和辅助燃料分别通过气体压缩装置一的预热燃料入口以及辅助燃 料入口进入气体压缩装置一, 再经气体入口一进入含钙原料预热器进行燃烧, 以预热含 钙原料, 使预热含钙原料所产生的气体经气体出口一排出后进入换热器一进行换热; 使 生物质燃料焦化后产生的固态碳经固体物料出口二排出后进入进料器四, 再经进料器四 以及固体物料入口四进入固体物料混合器, 使预热后的含钙原料经固体物料出口一排出 后进入进料器三, 再经进料器三以及固体物料入口三进入固体物料混合器, 使生物质燃 料焦化后产生的固态碳以及预热后的含钙原料在固体物料混合器中混合均匀; 使混合均 匀后的固体物料经固体物料出口四排出后进入进料器五, 再经进料器五以及固体物料入 口五进入反应器, 使第二含氧气体通过气体压缩装置二经气体入口三进入反应器, 使反 应器中的生物质燃料焦化后产生的固态碳以及预热后的含钙原料进行生产电石反应, 生 产得到电石, 使得到的电石经固体物料出口五排出, 使电石生产所产生的副产物 CO经 气体出口三排出后进入换热器三。
根据本发明的具体实施方式, 优选地, 上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法还包括以 下步骤: 使焦化生物质燃料所产生的一部分固态碳经固体物料出口三排出后进入进料器 六, 再经进料器六以及固体物料入 U六进入含钙原料预热器, 使经换热器二换热后的焦 化生物质燃料所产生的挥发分、焦化生物质燃料所产生的一部分固态碳以及经换热器三 换热后的生产电石所产生的副产物 CO作为预热燃料。 这样一来, 在上述方法中, 经固 体物料出口二排出后进入进料器四的固态碳为焦化生物质燃料所产生的另一部分固态 碳, 则进入固体物料混合器以及反应器的固态碳也为焦化生物质燃料所产生的另一部分 固态碳。 所述一部分固态碳和所述另一部分固态碳的总和为全部固态碳。
在上述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法中, 生物质燃料的长度以及其所包括的物质、 含钙原料的粒度及其所包括的物质、 生物质燃料与含钙原料的质量比、 焦化生物质燃料
的温度和时间、 辅助燃料所包括的气体、 预热燃料与辅助燃料的体积比、 预热燃料与辅 助燃料燃烧达到的温度、 预热含钙原料的目标温度、 第二含氧气体所包括的气体、 生产 电石反应的温度和时间、一部分固态碳与另一部分固态碳的质量比等参数均与前述的方 法中的相应参数相同, 因此, 不再赘述。
本发明的生物质燃料生产电石的方法及设备具有以下优点: 1、 与传统电石生产方 法相比,本发明中的含碳原料选择了新型环保可再生能源一生物质燃料,原料来源广、 可再生、 无污染、 利用率高、 反应速率快、 焦化温度低、 生产能力大; 由于生物质燃料 不含硫磷, 其不腐蚀锅炉, 可延长锅炉的使用寿命, 企业将受益匪浅, 并且燃烧时不产 生二氧化硫和五氧化二磷, 因而不会导致酸雨产生, 不污染大气, 不污染环境; 另外, 生物质燃料清洁卫生, 投料方便, 减少了工人的劳动强度, 极大地改善了劳动环境, 企 业将减少用于劳动力方面的成本; 2、 本发明的方法采用生物质燃料焦化的挥发分和 /或 固态碳以及电石生产的副产物 CO燃烧进行供热, 使得反应能耗降低, 并提高了原料的 利用率; 3、 本发明的设备采用循环流化床反应器, 可以将未反应的、 被气体带出反应 器的固体原料重新收集, 送入反应器中再次反应, 提高了原料的利用率; 4、 本发明的 设备采用等离子点火温控装置代替传统点火方式, 点火装置中附带温控装置, 当反应器 或预热器温度降低时, 点火装置会自动二次点火, 再次加热反应器或预热器, 使反应器 或预热器温度保持稳定, 确保了反应的平稳进行。 附图说明
图 1为实施例 1的生物质燃料生产电石的方法的流程示意图。
图 2为实施例 2的生物质燃料生产电石的方法的流程示意图。
图 3为实施例 3的生物质燃料生产电石的设备的结构示意图。
图 4为实施例 4的生物质燃料生产电石的设备的结构示意图。
主要组件符号说明:
生物质燃料 A 含钙原料 B 电石 C
第一预热器 1 第二预热器 2 生产电石反应器 3
进料器一 11 含钙原料预热器 12 换热器一 13 气体压缩装置一 14 固体物料入口一 15 固体物料出口一 16 气体入口一 17
气体出口一 18 进料器六 19 固体物料入口六 10 进料器二 21 生物质燃料预热器 22 换热器二 23 固体物料入口二 24
气体出口二 25 固体物料出口二 26 固体物料出口三 27 进料器三 31
进料器四 32 固体物料混合器 33 固体物料入口三 34
固体物料入口四 35 固体物料出口四 36 进料器五 41 反应器 42 换热器三 43 气体压缩装置二 44 固体物料入口五 45 气体入口三 46 气体出口三 47 固体物料出口五 48 具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、 目的和有益效果有更加清楚的理解,现结合附图对本发 明的技术方案进行以下详细说明, 但不能理解为对本发明的可实施范围的限定。 在附图 中, 相同或类似的部件用相同的组件符号表示。
实施例 1
本实施例提供一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 如图 1所示, 其包括以下步骤:
( 1 )、将长度为 2-10 mm的长条状生物质燃料 A和粒度在 1mm以下的粉末状含钙 原料 B以 1 : ( 0.9-1.1 ) 的质量比作为生产电石的原料, 在 280-500°C下焦化生物质燃料 A,使焦化生物质燃料 A所产生的挥发分或焦化生物质燃料 A所产生的挥发分和一部分 固态碳, 以及电石生产的副产物 CO作为预热燃料, 使所述预热燃料与辅助燃料(氧气、 富氧空气或空气) 进行燃烧达到 1750-1950°C, 从而预热含钙原料 B, 以使含钙原料 B 预热至 500-1500°C,其中,所述预热燃料与所述辅助燃料的气体体积比为 1 : (4-5 ); (2)、 将焦化所述生物质燃料 A所产生的全部固态碳或另一部固态碳和预热后的含钙原料混 合后, 通入微量氧气或富氧气体, 在温度 1700-2100°C下进行生产电石反应 0.1-10分钟, 生产得到电石 C。
实施例 2
本实施例提供一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法。 图 2为本发明方法的步骤框图。将 长度为 2-10 mm的生物质燃料和粒度在 lmm以下的含钙原料 1 : ( 0.9-1.1 ) 的质量比分 别置于两进料器中。 长条状生物质燃料在 280-500°C下进行焦化, 焦化所得的挥发分和 电石生产的副产物 CO燃烧给含钙原料的预热供热。将长度为 2-10 mm的生物质燃料 A 和粒度在 lmm以下的含钙原料 B, 以 1 : ( 0.9-1.1 ) 的质量比分别置于第一预热器 1和 第二预热器 2中。 长条状生物质燃料在第一预热器 1中进行焦化, 含钙原料在第二预热 器 2中进行预热。然后将焦化所得的固态碳和含钙原料在生产电石反应器 3中混合反应, 生成电石 。
实施例 3
本实施例提供一种生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 如图 3所示, 其包括: 原料预热单
元、 固体混合单元和反应单元;
所述原料预热单元包括: 含钙原料预热单元及生物质燃料预热单元;
所述生物质燃料预热单元与所述含钙原料预热单元为并联连接;
所述含钙原料预热单元包括: 进料器一 1 1、 带有等离子点火温控装置的含钙原料 预热器 12、 换热器一 13和气体压缩装置一 14; 所述含钙原料预热器 12上设有固体物 料入口一 15、 固体物料出口一 16、气体入口一 17和气体出口一 18, 所述气体压缩装置 一上至少设有预热燃料入口以及辅助燃料入口, 所述进料器一 1 1 的出口通过管线与所 述含钙原料预热器 12的固体物料入口一 15相连接, 所述换热器一 13通过管线与所述 含钙原料预热器 12的气体出口一 18相连接, 所述气体压缩装置一 14通过管线与所述 含钙原料预热器 12的气体入口一 17相连接;
所述生物质燃料预热单元包括: 进料器二 21、 带有等离子点火温控装置的生物质 燃料预热器 22和换热器二 23 ; 所述生物质燃料预热器 22上设有固体物料入口二 24、 气体出口二 25和固体物料出口二 26,所述进料器二 21的出口通过管线与所述生物质燃 料预热器 22的固体物料入口二 24相连接, 所述换热器二 23通过管线与所述生物质燃 料预热器 22的气体出口二 25相连接;
所述固体混合单元包括: 进料器三 31、进料器四 32和固体物料混合器 33 ; 所述固 体物料混合器 33上设有固体物料入口三 34、 固体物料入口四 35和固体物料出口四 36; 所述进料器三 31的入口通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器 12的固体物料出口一 16相连 接,所述进料器四 32的入口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器 22的固体物料出口二 26 相连接, 所述固体物料混合器 33的固体物料入口三 34通过管线与所述进料器三 31的 出口相连接,所述固体物料混合器 33的固体物料入口四 35通过管线与所述进料器四 32 的出口相连接;
所述反应单元包括: 进料器五 41、 带有等离子点火温控装置的循环流化床反应器 42、 换热器三 43和气体压缩装置二 44; 所述反应器 42上设有固体物料入口五 45、 气 体入口三 46、 气体出口三 47和固体物料出口五 48 ; 所述进料器五 41的入口通过管线 与所述固体物料混合器 33的固体物料出口四 36相连接, 所述进料器五 41的出口通过 管线与所述反应器 42的固体物料入口五 45相连接, 所述换热器三 43通过管线与所述 反应器 42的气体出口三 47相连接, 所述气体压缩装置二 44通过管线与所述反应器 42 的气体入口三 46相连接, 所述气体压缩装置二 44上至少设有第二含氧气体入口; 所述换热器二 23的气体出口和所述换热器三 43的气体出口通过管线连接于所述气
体压缩装置一 14。
采用本实施例的生物质燃料生产电石的设备生产电石的方法可以包括以下步骤: 将长度为 2-10 mm的长条状生物质燃料和粒度在 1mm以下的粉末状含钙原料 (如 碳酸钙) 以 1 : ( 0.9-1.1 ) 的质量比作为生产电石的原料分别置于进料器二 21和进料器 一 11中; 使含钙原料通过进料器一 11经固体物料入口一 15进入含钙原料预热器 12, 使生物质燃料通过进料器二 21经固体物料入口二 24进入生物质燃料预热器 22;使生物 质燃料预热器 22中的生物质燃料在 280-500°C下进行焦化,焦化所产生的气体(挥发分) 经气体出口二 25进入换热器二 23 ; 使第一含氧气体 (即辅助燃料, 为氧气、 富氧空气 或空气)、经换热器二 23换热后的气体(挥发分)以及经换热器三 43换热后的气体(主 要为副产物 CO)通过气体压缩装置一 14的辅助燃料入口以及预热燃料入口进入气体压 缩装置一 14, 再经气体入口一 17进入含钙原料预热器 12进行燃烧达到 1750-1950°C, 从而给含钙原料的预热供热, 以使含钙原料预热至 500-1500°C (使碳酸钙热解为氧化 钙),使预热含钙原料所产生的气体经气体出口一 18排出后进入换热器一 13进行换热, 之后可直接排放; 使生物质燃料焦化后产生的固态碳经固体物料出口二 26排出后进入 进料器四 32, 再经进料器四 32以及固体物料入口四 35进入固体物料混合器 33, 使预 热后的含钙原料经固体物料出口一 16排出后进入进料器三 31,再经进料器三 31以及固 体物料入口三 34进入固体物料混合器 33, 使生物质燃料焦化后产生的固态碳以及预热 后的含钙原料在固体物料混合器 33 中混合均匀; 使混合均匀后的固体物料经固体物料 出口四 36排出后进入进料器五 41, 再经进料器五 41以及固体物料入口五 45进入反应 器 42, 使第二含氧气体通过气体压缩装置二 44的第二含氧气体入口进入气体压缩装置 二 44, 再经气体入口三 46进入反应器 42, 使反应器 42中的生物质燃料焦化后产生的 固态碳以及预热后的含钙原料在温度 1700-2100°C下进行生产电石反应 0.1-10分钟, 生 产得到电石, 使得到的电石经固体物料出 U五 48排出, 使电石生产所产生的气体 (主 要为副产物 CO) 经气体出口三 47排出后进入换热器三 43。
实施例 4
本实施例提供一种生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 如图 4所示, 其包括: 原料预热单 元、 固体混合单元和反应单元;
所述原料预热单元包括: 含钙原料预热单元及生物质燃料预热单元;
所述生物质燃料预热单元与所述含钙原料预热单元为串联连接;
所述含钙原料预热单元包括: 进料器一 11、 进料器六 19、 带有等离子点火温控装
置的含钙原料预热器 12、 换热器一 13和气体压缩装置一 14; 所述含钙原料预热器 12 上设有固体物料入口一 15、 固体物料入口六 10、 固体物料出口一 16、 气体入口一 17 和气体出口一 18,所述气体压缩装置一上至少设有预热燃料入口以及辅助燃料入口,所 述进料器一 1 1的出口通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器 12的固体物料入口一 15相连接, 所述进料器六 19的出口通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器 12的固体物料入口六 10相连 接, 所述换热器一 13通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器 12的气体出口一 18相连接, 所 述气体压缩装置一 14通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器 12的气体入口一 17相连接; 所述生物质燃料预热单元包括: 进料器二 21、 带有等离子点火温控装置的生物质 燃料预热器 22和换热器二 23 ; 所述生物质燃料预热器 22上设有固体物料入口二 24、 气体出口二 25、 固体物料出口二 26和固体物料出口三 27, 所述进料器二 21的出口通 过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器 22的固体物料入口二 24相连接, 所述换热器二 23通 过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器 22的气体出口二 25相连接,所述进料器六的入口通过 管线与所述生物质燃料预热器 22的固体物料出口三 27相连接;
所述固体混合单元包括: 进料器三 31、进料器四 32和固体物料混合器 33 ; 所述固 体物料混合器 33上设有固体物料入口三 34、 固体物料入口四 35和固体物料出口四 36; 所述进料器三 31的入口通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器 12的固体物料出口一 16相连 接,所述进料器四 32的入口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器 22的固体物料出口二 26 相连接, 所述固体物料混合器 33的固体物料入口三 34通过管线与所述进料器三 31的 出口相连接,所述固体物料混合器 33的固体物料入口四 35通过管线与所述进料器四 32 的出口相连接;
所述反应单元包括: 进料器五 41、 带有等离子点火温控装置的循环流化床反应器 42、 换热器三 43和气体压缩装置二 44; 所述反应器 42上设有固体物料入口五 45、 气 体入 U三 46、 气体出 U三 47和固体物料出 U五 48 ; 所述进料器五 41的入 U通过管线 与所述固体物料混合器 33的固体物料出口四 36相连接, 所述进料器五 41的出口通过 管线与所述反应器 42的固体物料入口五 45相连接, 所述换热器三 43通过管线与所述 反应器 42的气体出口三 47相连接, 所述气体压缩装置二 44通过管线与所述反应器 42 的气体入口三 46相连接, 所述气体压缩装置二 44上至少设有第二含氧气体入口; 所述换热器二 23的气体出口和所述换热器三 43的气体出口通过管线连接于所述气 体压缩装置一 14。
与实施例 3的设备中生物质燃料预热单元与含钙原料预热单元并联连接相比,本实
施例的设备中的生物质燃料预热单元与含钙原料预热单元为串联连接, 这样一来, 可以 将焦化生物质燃料所产生的一部分固态碳用于含钙原料的预热, 以减少燃料费用。
采用本实施例的生物质燃料生产电石的设备生产电石的方法可以包括以下步骤: 将长度为 2-10 mm的长条状生物质燃料和粒度在 1mm以下的粉末状含钙原料 (如 石灰石) 以 1 : ( 0.9-1.1 ) 的质量比作为生产电石的原料分别置于进料器二 21和进料器 一 11中; 使含钙原料通过进料器一 11经固体物料入口一 15进入含钙原料预热器 12, 使生物质燃料通过进料器二 21经固体物料入口二 24进入生物质燃料预热器 22;使生物 质燃料预热器 22中的生物质燃料在 280-500°C下进行焦化,焦化所产生的气体(挥发分) 经气体出口二 25进入换热器二 23 ; 使焦化所产生的一部分固态碳经固体物料出口三 27 排出后进入进料器六 19,再经进料器六 19以及固体物料入口六 10进入含钙原料预热器 12, 使第一含氧气体 (即辅助燃料, 包括氧气、 富氧空气或空气) 、 经换热器二 23换 热后的气体(挥发分) 以及经换热器三 43换热后的气体(主要为副产物 CO)通过气体 压缩装置一 14的辅助燃料入口以及预热燃料入口进入气体压缩装置一 14, 再经气体入 口一 17进入含钙原料预热器 12,在含钙原料预热器 12中,焦化所产生的挥发分和一部 分固态碳、生产电石所产生的副产物 CO以及第一含氧气体进行燃烧达到 1750-1950°C, 从而给含钙原料的预热供热, 以使含钙原料预热至 500-1500°C (使石灰石热解为氧化 钙),使预热含钙原料所产生的气体经气体出口一 18排出后进入换热器一 13进行换热, 之后可直接排放; 使生物质燃料焦化后产生的另一部分固态碳经固体物料出口二 26排 出后进入进料器四 32, 再经进料器四 32以及固体物料入口四 35进入固体物料混合器 33 , 使预热后的含钙原料经固体物料出口一 16排出后进入进料器三 31, 再经进料器三 31以及固体物料入口三 34进入固体物料混合器 33, 使生物质燃料焦化后产生的固态碳 以及预热后的含钙原料在固体物料混合器 33 中混合均匀; 使混合均匀后的固体物料经 固体物料出 U四 36排出后进入进料器五 41, 再经进料器五 41 以及固体物料入 U五 45 进入反应器 42, 使第二含氧气体通过气体压缩装置二 44的第二含氧气体入口进入气体 压缩装置二 44, 再经气体入口三 46进入反应器 42, 使反应器 42中的生物质燃料焦化 后产生的另一部分固态碳以及预热后的含钙原料在温度 1700-2100°C下进行生产电石反 应 0.1-10分钟, 生产得到电石, 使得到的电石经固体物料出口五 48排出, 使电石生产 所产生的气体 (主要为副产物 CO) 经气体出口三 47排出后进入换热器三 43 ; 其中, 所述一部分固态碳与所述另一部分固态碳的质量比为 1 : ( 1.96-5.10) , 二者的总和为焦 化生物质燃料所产生的全部固态碳。
Claims
1、 一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其包括以下步骤: 以生物质燃料和含钙原料 作为生产电石的原料; 焦化所述生物质燃料, 将焦化所述生物质燃料所产生的挥发分以 及生产电石所产生的副产物 CO作为部分或全部预热燃料, 使所述预热燃料与辅助燃料 进行燃烧以预热所述含钙原料; 再将焦化所述生物质燃料所产生的固态碳和预热后的含 钙原料进行混合后, 进行生产电石反应, 生产得到电石。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述预热燃料还包 括焦化所述生物质燃料所产生的一部分固态碳, 当所述预热燃料还包括焦化所述生物质 燃料所产生的一部分固态碳时, 与预热后的含钙原料进行混合的固态碳为另一部分固态 碳。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述生物质燃料为 长度 2-10mm的长条状生物质燃料。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述含钙原料为粒 度小于 1mm的粉末状含钙原料。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述生物质燃料为 秸秆、 稻壳、 花生壳、 玉米芯、 油茶壳、 棉籽壳及 "三剩物"经过加工产生的生物质燃 料中的一种或几种的组合。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述含钙原料包括 碳酸钙、 氧化钙、 氢氧化钙以及电石渣中的一种或几种的组合。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述生物质燃料与 所述含钙原料的质量比为 1 : ( 0.9-1.1 ) 。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述生物质燃料与 所述含钙原料的质量比为 1 : 0.92。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 焦化所述生物质燃 料的温度为 280-500 °C, 时间为 10-18分钟。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述预热燃料与所 述辅助燃料的体积比为 1 : (4-5 ) 。
11、根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 使所述预热燃料与 辅助燃料进行燃烧达到 1750-1950°C以预热所述含钙原料至 500-1500°C。
12、根据权利要求 1所述的生物质燃料生产电石的方法, 其中, 所述生产电石反应
的温度为 1700-2100 °C , 时间为 0.1-10分钟。
13、 一种生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其为采用权利要求 1-12任一项所述的生物 质燃料生产电石的方法进行电石生产的设备, 其至少包括: 原料预热单元、 固体混合单 元和反应单元;
所述原料预热单元包括: 含钙原料预热单元及生物质燃料预热单元;
所述含钙原料预热单元至少包括: 进料器一、含钙原料预热器、换热器一和气体压 缩装置一; 所述含钙原料预热器上至少设有固体物料入口一、 固体物料出口一、 气体入 口一和气体出口一, 所述气体压缩装置一上至少设有预热燃料入口以及辅助燃料入口, 所述进料器一的出口通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器的固体物料入口一相连接,所述换 热器一通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器的气体出口一相连接,所述气体压缩装置一通过 管线与所述含钙原料预热器的气体入口一相连接;
所述生物质燃料预热单元至少包括: 进料器二、 生物质燃料预热器和换热器二; 所 述生物质燃料预热器上至少设有固体物料入口二、 气体出口二和固体物料出口二, 所述 进料器二的出口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的固体物料入口二相连接,所述换热 器二通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的气体出口二相连接;
所述固体混合单元至少包括: 进料器三、进料器四和固体物料混合器; 所述固体物 料混合器上至少设有固体物料入口三、 固体物料入口四和固体物料出口四; 所述进料器 三的入口通过管线与所述含钙原料预热器的固体物料出口一相连接,所述进料器四的入 口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的固体物料出口二相连接,所述固体物料混合器的 固体物料入口三通过管线与所述进料器三的出口相连接,所述固体物料混合器的固体物 料入口四通过管线与所述进料器四的出口相连接;
所述反应单元至少包括: 进料器五、 反应器、 换热器三和气体压缩装置二; 所述反 应器上至少设有固体物料入 U五、 气体入 U三、 气体出 U三和固体物料出 U五; 所述进 料器五的入口通过管线与所述固体物料混合器的固体物料出口四相连接,所述进料器五 的出口通过管线与所述反应器的固体物料入口五相连接,所述换热器三通过管线与所述 反应器的气体出口三相连接,所述气体压缩装置二通过管线与所述反应器的气体入口三 相连接;
所述换热器二的气体出口和所述换热器三的气体出口通过管线连接于所述气体压 缩装置一。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其中, 当所述生物质燃
料预热单元与所述含钙原料预热单元为串联连接时,所述含钙原料预热单元还包括进料 器六, 所述含钙原料预热器上还设有固体物料入口六, 所述进料器六的出口通过管线与 所述含钙原料预热器的固体物料入口六相连接, 并且, 所述生物质燃料预热器上还设有 固体物料出口三,所述进料器六的入口通过管线与所述生物质燃料预热器的固体物料出 口三相连接。
15、 根据权利要求 13所述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其中, 所述含钙原料预 热器为带有等离子点火温控装置的含钙原料预热器,所述生物质燃料预热器为带有等离 子点火温控装置的生物质燃料预热器,所述反应器为带有等离子点火温控装置的循环流 化床反应器。
16、 根据权利要求 14所述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其中, 所述含钙原料预 热器为带有等离子点火温控装置的含钙原料预热器,所述生物质燃料预热器为带有等离 子点火温控装置的生物质燃料预热器。
17、 根据权利要求 13所述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其中, 所述气体压缩装 置二上至少设有第二含氧气体入口。
18、 根据权利要求 13所述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其中, 所述进料器一、 进料器二、 进料器三、 进料器四和进料器五分别为螺旋推料器、 星型给料器、 电磁振动 进料器、 内置式生物质螺旋进料器、 U型气动阀给料器或耐高温进料器。
19、 根据权利要求 14所述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其中, 所述进料器六为 螺旋推料器、 星型给料器、 电磁振动进料器、 内置式生物质螺旋进料器、 U型气动阀给 料器或耐高温进料器。
20、 根据权利要求 13所述的生物质燃料生产电石的设备, 其中, 所述换热器一、 换热器二和换热器三分别为管式换热器、 板式换热器或换热锅炉。
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| CN103408014A (zh) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-11-27 | 北京化工大学 | 一种生物质燃料生产电石的系统 |
| CN103435041A (zh) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-11 | 北京化工大学 | 一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及系统 |
| CN103449437A (zh) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 北京化工大学 | 一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法 |
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| CN1195673C (zh) * | 1999-11-08 | 2005-04-06 | 许绍良 | 一种节能、减少污染的电石炉原料加工方法 |
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- 2013-08-27 CN CN2013103776043A patent/CN103435041A/zh active Pending
- 2013-12-19 WO PCT/CN2013/089948 patent/WO2015027644A1/zh not_active Ceased
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| US20080281133A1 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-13 | David Lee Seidel | Three-Stage Gasification - Biomass-to-Electricity Process with an Acetylene Process |
| CN101327928A (zh) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-24 | 北京化工大学 | 一种电石生产方法 |
| CN102227491A (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2011-10-26 | 阿克马法国公司 | 由可再生材料制造氯乙烯单体、由此得到的氯乙烯单体和用途 |
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| CN103435041A (zh) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-11 | 北京化工大学 | 一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法及系统 |
| CN103449437A (zh) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-12-18 | 北京化工大学 | 一种生物质燃料生产电石的方法 |
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| CN118083979A (zh) * | 2022-11-18 | 2024-05-28 | 岳宪忠 | 一种电石渣制备电石的方法 |
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