WO2015027491A1

WO2015027491A1 - Electric warmer

Info

Publication number: WO2015027491A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/082736
Authority: WO
Inventors: 谢虹
Original assignee: Xie Hong
Priority date: 2013-08-29
Filing date: 2013-08-30
Publication date: 2015-03-05
Also published as: CN103405301A

Abstract

An electric warmer (1) comprises a shell body and a battery (5) fixed inside the shell body. An inside of the shell body is provided with a battery stop plate that is matched with a shape of the battery (5). The battery (5) is fixed on the battery stop plate using glue. Because the battery stop plate matched with the shape of the battery (5) is arranged on the shell body, the battery stop plate restricts a position of the battery (5). One side of the battery (5) is coated with the glue so that the battery (5) is fixed inside the battery stop plate. When the electric warmer (1) is moving or in use, the battery (5) does not shake, and a poor wire contact due to shaking of the battery (5) will not occur.

Description

Electric heating treasure

[Technical Field]

The invention relates to the field of hand warmers and, more particularly, to an electric heating treasure. 【Background technique】

With the improvement of people's living standards, electric heating treasure has become a must-have for the family, not only for heating, but also for physical therapy or hot compress.

I have designed an electric heating treasure, including a casing, a heating sheet, a rechargeable battery fixed to the inside of the casing for supplying power to the electric heating sheet, a circuit board for controlling the working state of the electric heating treasure, and the circuit a charging interface connected by the wire and a heat conducting sheet disposed outside the casing, wherein the casing is provided with a first avoiding hole adapted to the shape of the charging interface; the circuit board is provided with a control switch and working The indicator light, the electric heating piece and the circuit board are connected by a wire, and the battery and the circuit board are connected by a wire; the control switch is a push-pull type switch, and there are two states, the control electric heating treasure a working state, the control switch is sleeved with a push switch, and the housing is provided with a second escape hole adapted to the shape of the push switch; the electric heating piece is fixed in the The inner wall of the casing is generally mango-shaped, and includes a shell and a rear shell, wherein the shell and the rear shell are fixed by screws, and the electric heating sheet is fixed on the heat conducting sheet, and the guiding A heat sheet is attached to the face shell. This program is not public. However, the battery is placed directly inside the casing, and it will shake during use or carrying, and the battery and the circuit board are connected by wires, which may cause the wires connected to the battery to fall off or contact poorly when the battery is shaken, thereby affecting the electricity. The use of warm treasure.

[Summary of the Invention]

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery that is stably fixed and secured.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: an electric heating treasure comprising a casing and a battery fixed inside the casing, the casing being internally provided with a battery adapted to the shape of the battery a limiting plate; the battery is fixed on the battery limiting plate with glue. Preferably, the housing comprises a face shell and a rear shell, and the battery limiting plate is located inside the face shell. This is where the battery is fixed in the housing.

Preferably, the height of the battery limiting plate is the same as the height of the side wall of the face shell. The battery limit plate has the same height as the side wall of the face shell, that is, the battery limit plate is the same height as the face shell.

Preferably, a battery placement platform for placing the battery is further disposed inside the face shell, the battery placement platform is located in the battery limiting plate, and a height of the battery placement platform is less than the battery limit The height of the board. The face shell has a certain curvature, and the battery placement platform is arranged to make the battery flat and fixed in the face shell.

Preferably, the battery is in a block shape, and the battery placement platform is also in a block shape; the length of the battery placement platform is smaller than the length of the battery and the width is smaller than the length of the battery, and the battery placement platform is Hollowly, a plurality of protruding and mutually perpendicular reinforcing ribs are disposed inside the battery placement platform; the height of the reinforcing ribs is less than or equal to the height of the battery placement platform. This is the specific structure of the battery placement platform. The reinforcement ribs inside the battery placement platform can increase the strength of the face shell.

Preferably, the electric heating treasure further comprises a block sponge disposed between the battery and the battery placement platform, and the block sponge is fixed on the contact surface of the battery and the battery placement platform with glue. This will prevent the battery from coming into direct contact with the battery placement platform.

Preferably, the rear casing is further provided with a protruding battery pressing bone, and the battery is pressed into contact with the battery when the surface shell and the rear shell are fixed. Set the battery pressure bone to further fix the battery and limit the position of the battery.

Preferably, the number of battery presses is two, and is disposed at the intersection and perpendicular to each other. This is a specific form of battery pressing, so that the battery pressing bone is equivalent to the reinforcing ribs, which can increase the strength of the rear shell.

Preferably, the battery limiting plate includes a first limiting plate, a second limiting plate and third limiting and fourth limiting plates respectively disposed at two ends of the surface shell; The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are parallel to each other, and the third limiting plate and the fourth limiting plate are parallel to each other, and the first limiting plate and the third limiting plate are parallel to each other. The second limiting plate and the fourth limiting plate are perpendicular to each other; the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate extend to the inner side of the surface shell, Third Both the limiting plate and the end of the fourth limiting plate are provided with a transverse plate at the inner side of the surface of the casing. In this way, the strength of the battery limiting plate can be increased, and the strength of the surface shell can be increased, and deformation is not caused when the surface shell is subjected to an external force.

Preferably, a connecting crossbar is disposed between each of the two sides of the battery placement platform and the third limiting plate and the fourth limiting plate. This is also to increase the strength of the battery limiter

In the present invention, since a battery limiting plate corresponding to the shape of the battery is disposed on the casing, the battery limiting plate defines the position of the battery, and the glue is applied to the side of the battery to fix the circuit board to the battery limit. In the position board, the battery will not shake during the movement or use of the electric heating treasure, and there will be no bad contact of the wire caused by the battery shaking.

[Description of the Drawings]

1 is a schematic overall view of an electric heating treasure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of splitting of an electric heating treasure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a push switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic view showing the combination of a heat conductive sheet and an electric heating sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic view of a face shell of an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic view of a rear case of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a circuit board, a battery, and a charging interface fixed to a face shell according to an embodiment of the present invention. Among them: 1, electric heating treasure; 2, face shell; 21, the second screw hole column; 22, positioning column jack; 23, the first opening; 24, the first limit slot; 25, the third avoidance half hole; 26, the first avoidance half hole; 201, the battery placement platform; 202, the rib; 203, the first limit plate; 204, the second limit plate; 205, the third limit plate, 206, the fourth limit plate 207, circuit board limiting portion; 208, interface limiting portion; 209, first bump; 210, second bump; 211, lanyard hole; 3, rear case; 31, first screw hole column; Positioning post; 33, second opening; 34, first limiting portion; 35, fourth avoiding half hole; 36, second avoiding half hole; 37, battery pressing bone; 38, second positioning column; 39, indication Lamp fixing hole column; 301, lanyard hole; 302, Interface pressure bone; 4, electric heating sheet; 5, battery; 6, charging interface; 7, circuit board; 71, control switch; 72, indicator light; 8, push-torch switch; 81, panel; 82, strip-shaped dial; 83, surrounding bone; 9, thermal film.

【detailed description】

An electric heating treasure comprising a casing and a battery fixed inside the casing, the casing being internally provided with a battery limiting plate adapted to the shape of the battery; the battery being fixed by the glue Battery limit plate. In the present invention, since a battery limiting plate corresponding to the shape of the battery is disposed on the casing, the battery limiting plate defines the position of the battery, and the glue is applied to the side of the battery to fix the circuit board to the battery limit. In the position board, the battery will not shake during the movement or use of the electric heating treasure, and there will be no bad contact of the wire caused by the battery shaking.

The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1-8, the electric heating treasure 1 includes a casing, a heating sheet 4, a rechargeable battery for powering the battery 4, a circuit board 7 for controlling the working state of the electric heating, and a charging interface 6. The shell is mango-shaped, and the shell is mango-like. It is convenient to hold the electric heating treasure 1 when using it. The housing includes a face shell 2 and a rear case 3, and the electric heating block 1 further includes a heat conducting sheet 4 fixed to the face shell 2 and having the same shape as the face shell 2, and the electric heating sheet 4 is fixed on the heat conducting sheet 9.

The battery 5 has a square shape. The battery case 2 is provided with a battery limiting plate which is adapted to the shape of the battery 5 and has the same height of the side wall of the cover 2, and the battery limiting plate is disposed at two ends of the cover 2, respectively. The first limiting plate 203 and the second limiting plate 204 are respectively adjacent to the third limiting plate 205 and the fourth limiting plate 206 of the side wall of the surface casing 2, and the first limiting plate 203 and the second limiting plate 204 are Parallel to each other, the third limiting plate 205 and the fourth limiting plate 206 are parallel to each other, and the first limiting plate 203 and the third limiting plate 205 are perpendicular to each other, and the second limiting plate 204 and the fourth The limiting plates 206 are perpendicular to each other, and the distance between the first limiting plate 203 and the second limiting portion 204 is equal to the length of the battery, and the distance between the third limiting plate 205 and the fourth limiting plate 206 is equal to The width of the battery, the battery 5 is placed in the battery limit plate. The first limiting plate 203 and the second limiting plate 204 are in contact with the edge of the face shell 2, and the ends of the third limiting plate 205 and the fourth limiting plate 206 are respectively disposed at the inner side of the face shell 2 Horizontal plate, which can increase the strength of the battery limit plate It is also possible to increase the strength of the face shell, and deformation does not occur when the face shell 2 is subjected to an external force.

A battery placement platform 201 is disposed inside the battery limiting plate and is lower than the battery limiting plate. The width of the battery placement platform 201 is smaller than the distance between the third limiting plate 205 and the fourth limiting plate 206. The length of the battery placement platform is smaller than the distance between the first limiting plate 203 and the second limiting plate 204. Inside the battery placement platform 201, there are two ribs 202 which are convex and perpendicular to each other, and the height of the reinforcing ribs 202 is less than or equal to the height of the battery placement platform 21. Setting the ribs 202 increases the strength of the face shell 2, and does not deform during normal use. A connecting crossbar (not shown) is disposed between each of the two sides of the battery placement platform 201 and the third limiting plate 205 and the fourth limiting plate 206.

In order to prevent the battery 5 from directly contacting the battery placement platform 201, a sponge is disposed between the battery 5 and the battery placement platform 201, and the block sponge is fixed on the contact surface of the battery 5 and the battery placement platform 201 with glue. The rear case 3 is also provided with a protruding battery pressing bone 37. When the face shell 2 and the rear case 3 are fixed, the battery pressing bone 37 is in contact with the battery 5. The battery pressure is 37 in number and is cross-shaped and perpendicular to each other. By setting the battery pressure bone 37, not only can the battery be further fixed, but also the strength of the rear case 3 can be enhanced.

The heating sheet 4 and the circuit board 7 are connected by two wires, and the battery 5 and the circuit board 7 are also connected by two wires; one end of the wire connecting the battery 5 and the circuit board 7 is soldered on the circuit board, and One end is disposed on the circuit 7; two protruding soldering points are disposed at one end of the heating fin 4, and one end of the connecting wire connecting the heating fin 4 and the circuit board 7 is soldered on the soldering point on the heating fin 4, and the other end is soldered to the circuit On board 7. The charging interface 6 and the circuit board 7 adopt a split design. In other words, the charging interface 6 is not disposed on the circuit board 7. The charging interface 6 and the circuit board 7 are also connected by two wires, and the tail end of the charging interface 6 is set. There are two outwardly projecting and parallel wire connecting portions, one end of which is soldered to the wire connecting portion, and the other end of the wire is soldered to the circuit board 7.

The face shell 2 and the rear case 3 are fixed by screws, and the two ends and one side of the face shell 2 are provided with screw holes, and the first screw hole column 31 for use with the screw hole is disposed at a corresponding position inside the rear case 3 It can be easily disassembled by screwing. When there is a problem with the electric heating treasure 1, the housing can be disassembled and the internal parts of the housing can be inspected. The shape of the screw hole is the same as the diameter of the screw, and the inside of the shell 2 corresponding to the screw hole is provided with a convex shape. The height of the second screw hole post 21, the height of the second screw hole post 21 and the height of the first screw hole post 31 is the same as the distance between the inside of the face shell 2 and the rear case 3 and the internal setting of the second screw hole post 31 The screw is matched with the screw so that the screw hole is inside the face shell and does not protrude outside the face shell 2, thereby ensuring the flatness of the face shell 2. A positioning post 32 is disposed on the rear housing 3, and correspondingly, the surface housing 2 is provided with a positioning post receptacle 22 for use with the positioning post, and a positioning post 32 is disposed. When the housing is fixed by screws, the housing is not misaligned; The positioning post insertion hole 22 is located on the opposite side of the second screw hole post 21 disposed on the side of the face shell 2, and the positioning post 32 is located on the opposite side of the first screw hole post 31. The positioning post 32 is two and higher than the second opening 33, and the positioning post insertion hole 22 is flush with the first opening 23, so that the positioning post 32 can be inserted into the positioning post insertion hole 22 on the face shell 2. A first limiting portion 34 of the protruding second opening 33 is disposed at the second opening 33 of the inner wall of the rear housing 3, and the first opening 23 of the surface housing 2 is provided with a ring corresponding to the first limiting portion 34. The first limiting groove 24 of the opening 23 is also used to ensure that the housing 2 and the rear housing 3 are not staggered when the housing is fixed by screws, and thus the surface housing 2 and the rear housing 3 can be fixed. There is no gap between the two.

One end of the face shell 2 and the rear shell 3 is small, the larger end of the shell 2 is the tail of the shell 2, the smaller end of the shell 2 is the head of the shell 2, and the rear shell 2 is larger. The end portion is the tail portion of the rear case 2, and the smaller end portion of the rear case 2 is the head portion of the rear case 2. The face shell 2 and the rear shell 3 are fixed by three screws. Correspondingly, one screw hole is provided at both ends and one side of the shell shell 2, then the first screw hole column 31 is also located at both ends of the rear shell 3 and one The positioning post 32 is maximized, and the positioning post 32 is disposed on the side of the rear case 3 where the second screw hole post is not provided. The second screw hole 21 disposed on one side of the shell is closely attached to the outer side of the third limiting plate 205, and the second screw hole 21 at the tail of the surface is closely attached to the outer side of the second limiting plate 204. The column insertion hole 22 is in close contact with the outer side of the fourth limiting plate 206, so that the strength of the battery limiting plate can be increased, and the strength of the second screw hole post and the positioning post insertion hole can be increased.

The sides of the face shell 2 and the rear shell 3 are completely surrounded, and the circumference is surrounded by side walls. The inner wall of the rear case 3 is provided with a protruding ring first limiting portion 34. The end portion of the side wall of the surface shell 2 is provided with a first limiting slot 24 that cooperates with the first limiting portion 34. The first limiting slot 24 The height of the first limiting portion 34 is equal to the height of the first limiting portion 34, and the width of the first limiting portion 24 is equal to the thickness of the first limiting portion 34. The first limiting portion 34 and the first limiting slot 24 engaged with the first limiting portion 34 are disposed, so that the first limiting portion 34 on the rear case 3 can be inserted. It is fixed in the first limiting groove 24 of the face shell 2, so that the surface shell 2 and the rear shell 3 are not staggered when fixed by screws, and the surface shell 2 and the rear shell 3 can be fixed between the two. There are no gaps.

The electric heating treasure 1 further includes a usb data line, and the interface at one end of the USB data line is adapted to the shape of the charging interface 6, and the first escape hole corresponding to the charging interface 6 is disposed on the housing. In this way, the usb data cable can be used to charge it. At work, the electric heater is used up, and it can be charged by using the computer in the office.

The heating sheet 4 and the circuit board 7 are connected by two wires, and the battery 5 and the circuit board 7 are also connected by two wires; one end of the wire connecting the battery 5 and the circuit board 7 is soldered on the circuit board, and One end is disposed on the circuit 7; two protruding soldering points are disposed at one end of the heating fin 4, and one end of the connecting wire connecting the heating fin 4 and the circuit board 7 is soldered on the soldering point on the heating fin 4, and the other end is soldered to the circuit On board 7. The charging interface 6 and the circuit board 7 adopt a split design. In other words, the charging interface 6 is not disposed on the circuit board 7. The charging interface 6 and the circuit board 7 are also connected by two wires, and the tail of the charging connection 6 is set. There are two outwardly projecting and parallel wire connecting portions, one end of which is soldered to the wire connecting portion, and the other end of the wire is soldered to the circuit board 7.

The circuit board 7 is fixed to the head of the face shell 2, and the length of the circuit board 7 is equal to the distance between the second screw hole post 21 disposed at the head of the face shell to the first limiting plate 203, on both sides of the head of the face shell Two circuit board limiting portions 207 are disposed. The circuit board limiting portion 207 is located between the second screw hole post 21 disposed at the head of the face shell and the first limiting plate 203. The circuit board limiting portion 207 includes a circuit board. a placing portion and a circuit board limiting plate connecting the board placing portion and the inner surface of the surface shell, wherein the height of the board placing portion is lower than the height of the second screw hole post 21, so that the second screw is disposed on the head of the surface shell The hole post 21 and the first limiting plate 203 can be fixed to the circuit board 7 by the circuit board limiting portion 207. Since the circuit board 7 and the battery 5 are connected by wires, a wire escaping hole is provided at an intermediate position of the first limiting plate 203.

The circuit board 7 is provided with a control switch 71 and two indicator lights. The control switch 71 is a push-pull switch. The control switch 71 has two states, and a push-pull switch 8 is sleeved, and the corresponding position of the housing is set with The second escape hole corresponding to the push switch 8; the indicator light 72 includes a red light and a green light, the red light indicates the working state of the electric heating treasure, when the electric heating treasure works, the red light is bright; the green light indicates the electric heating treasure State of charge, green When the light is on, it means that when charging, when the green light is off, it means that the charging is completed or not, and the indicator light 72 and the control switch 71 are located on the same surface of the circuit board 7. The push switch 8 includes an elliptical panel 81 and an outwardly projecting strip-shaped dial 82 disposed at an intermediate position of the panel 81, and is disposed in the middle of the opposite side of the strip-shaped dial 82 of the panel 81. The surrounding bone 83 at the position, the control switch 7 is sleeved in the surrounding bone 83; the length of the surrounding bone 83 is equal to the shortest distance from the control switch 7 to the outside of the housing, so that after assembly, the panel of the push switch 8 will be in close contact with The outside of the housing. The second escape hole corresponds to a first escape half hole 26 provided on the face shell 2 and a third escape half hole 36 provided on the rear case 3.

An indicator fixing hole 39 for fixing the indicator light 72 is disposed on the rear case 3, and the height of the indicator fixing hole column 39 is equal to the distance from the circuit board 7 to the rear case 3. The rear housing 3 is respectively provided with a second positioning post 38 and a circuit board pressing bone disposed opposite to the position of the second positioning post 38. The second positioning post 38 is two, and the distance between the second positioning post 38 is The length of the circuit board 7 is the same, the height of the second positioning post 38 is equal to the distance from the rear case 3 to the board placement portion; the height of the circuit board pressing bone (not shown) is equal to the rear case 3 to the circuit The distance between the plates 7, and the circuit board is also two bones, the circuit board pressing bone is closely attached to the inner side of the rear case, so that the circuit board pressing bone not only functions to limit the circuit board, but also can play the reinforcing rib. Function, increase the strength of the back shell.

A first relief hole adapted to the charging interface 6 is disposed on the housing, the charging interface 6 is fixed to the tail portion of the face shell 2, and an interface limiting portion 208 is disposed at the tail portion of the face shell 2. The first escape hole corresponds to a second escape half hole 25 provided on the face shell 2 and a fourth escape half hole 35 provided on the rear case 3. The distance from the second limiting plate 204 to the tail of the casing is greater than the length of the charging interface 6. The interface limiting portion 208 is disposed between the second limiting plate 204 and the tail of the casing, and includes two parallel and connected to the second. The first bump 209 of the limiting plate 204 and the tail of the shell and the second bump 210 disposed between the first bump 209 and parallel to the first bump 209, the length of the second bump 210 and the second The distance between the limiting plate 204 and the tail of the face shell 2 is equal to the difference between the lengths of the charging interfaces 6. Thus, the interface limiting portion 208 can completely define the position of the charging interface 6 within the housing. The charging interface 6 is in the form of a block, and a charging socket is disposed at one end of the charging interface 6. The other end of the charging interface 6 is provided with a protruding wire soldering portion, and the first avoiding hole is adapted to the shape of the charging socket; One end is the front end of the charging interface, and is equipped with wire bonding One end of the portion is a tail end of the charging interface; the width between the first bumps 209 is the same as the width of the charging interface 6, and the interface limiting portion 208 is provided with a soldering portion avoiding hole corresponding to the wire soldering portion, the wire The soldering portion is disposed on one side of the charging interface 6, and the soldering portion avoiding hole is located on the first bump 209. The interface limiting portion 208 is provided with an interface placing station having a height smaller than the interface limiting portion 208. The distance between the interface limiting portion 208 and the interface placing station is smaller than the thickness of the charging interface. The edge of the head of the charging interface 6 is provided with a protruding interface limiting station. The corresponding position of the surface shell 2 is provided with an interface avoiding slot that cooperates with the interface limiting platform. A protruding interface pressing bone 302 is disposed at a corresponding charging interface of the rear housing 3, and the height of the interface pressing bone 302 is equal to the distance of the rear housing 3 to the charging interface 6. Since the circuit board 7 is fixed to the head of the face shell 2, the length of the wires connecting the circuit board 7 and the charging interface 6 is greater than the distance between the circuit board 7 and the charging interface 6.

A lanyard hole 211 and a lanyard hole 301 are respectively disposed at opposite positions of the head shell 2 and the head of the rear shell 3, and a lanyard hole is provided, so that the lanyard can be fixed on the electric heating treasure for convenient carrying.

The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments. It is not intended that the specific embodiments of the invention are limited to the description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

Rights request

1. An electric heater, characterized in that it includes a casing and a battery fixed inside the casing, and a battery limiting plate adapted to the shape of the battery is provided inside the casing; the battery Fix it to the battery limit plate with glue.

2. The electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes a front shell and a rear shell, and the battery limiting plate is located inside the front shell.

3. The electric heater according to claim 2, characterized in that the height of the battery limiting plate is the same as the height of the side wall of the surface shell.

4. The electric heater according to claim 3, characterized in that a battery placement platform for placing the battery is further provided inside the face shell, and the battery placement platform is located in the battery limiting plate. And the height of the battery placement platform is smaller than the height of the battery limiting plate.

5. The electric heater according to claim 4, wherein the battery is in the shape of a square, and the battery placement platform is also in a square shape; the length of the battery placement platform is shorter than the length of the battery and The width is less than the length of the battery, the battery placement platform is hollow, and a plurality of protruding and mutually perpendicular reinforcing ribs are provided inside the battery placement platform; the height of the reinforcing ribs is less than or equal to the battery The height at which the platform is placed.

6. The electric heater according to claim 5, characterized in that, the electric heater further includes a block-shaped sponge disposed between the battery and the battery placement platform, and the block-shaped sponge is fixed with glue. The contact surface between the battery and the battery placement platform.

7. The electric heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that a protruding battery pressing rib is provided inside the back shell, and the battery pressing rib contacts the battery when the front shell and the back shell are fixed.

8. The electric heating device according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of battery pressing bones is two, and they are arranged crosswise and perpendicular to each other.

9. The electric heater as claimed in claim 4, wherein the battery limiting plate includes a first limiting plate, a second limiting plate and the facing case respectively provided at both ends of the face case. The third limit on both sides, The fourth limiting plate; the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate are parallel to each other, the third limiting plate and the fourth limiting plate are parallel to each other, the first limiting plate are perpendicular to the third limiting plate, the second limiting plate and the fourth limiting plate are perpendicular to each other; the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate extend to the surface On the inner side of the shell, the ends of the third limiting plate and the fourth limiting plate are provided with transverse plates that are connected to the inner side of the surface shell.

10. The electric heater according to claim 9, characterized in that a connecting cross bar is provided between both sides of the battery placement platform and the third limiting plate and the fourth limiting plate.