WO2015026507A1 - Procédés permettant de réduire les polluants organiques dans des fibres au moyen de zéolites - Google Patents

Procédés permettant de réduire les polluants organiques dans des fibres au moyen de zéolites Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015026507A1
WO2015026507A1 PCT/US2014/049516 US2014049516W WO2015026507A1 WO 2015026507 A1 WO2015026507 A1 WO 2015026507A1 US 2014049516 W US2014049516 W US 2014049516W WO 2015026507 A1 WO2015026507 A1 WO 2015026507A1
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fibers
zeolite
present
detackifier
organic contaminants
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PCT/US2014/049516
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English (en)
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Weiping Ban
George S. Thomas
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Buckman Laboratories International, Inc.
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Publication of WO2015026507A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015026507A1/fr

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D21C9/08—Removal of fats, resins, pitch or waxes; Chemical or physical purification, i.e. refining, of crude cellulose by removing non-cellulosic contaminants, optionally combined with bleaching
    • D21C9/083—Removal of fats, resins, pitch or waxes; Chemical or physical purification, i.e. refining, of crude cellulose by removing non-cellulosic contaminants, optionally combined with bleaching with inorganic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D21C9/08—Removal of fats, resins, pitch or waxes; Chemical or physical purification, i.e. refining, of crude cellulose by removing non-cellulosic contaminants, optionally combined with bleaching
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
    • D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
    • D21C5/02—Working-up waste paper
    • D21C5/022—Chemicals therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to papermaking processes and more particularly relates to controlling the organic contaminants present in certain types of fibers used to make paper or similar types of fiber containing products.
  • Organic contaminants are present in paper pulp that tends to deposit on processing surfaces and equipment, causing maintenance problems and production inefficiencies.
  • Organic contaminants of significant concern in this regard include “stickies” and pitch, with the former generally associated with recycled pulp sources while the latter with virgin pulp supplies.
  • the first step in conventional recycling is to separate the paper into individual fibers with water to form a pulp slurry followed by removing ink and contaminants from the fibers by a combination of various process steps, such as screening, centrifugal cleaning, washing, flotation, and the like.
  • the screening and centrifugal cleaning step removes large contaminants, such as paperclips, staples, plastics, and the like.
  • the primary purpose of washing and flotation steps is to solubilize and/or suspend contaminants in the water and to remove the contaminants from the water.
  • Surfactants and caustic agents are added to facilitate the solubilization and separation of contaminants from the fibers. Once caustic agents are used, some yellowing of the fibers can occur which may result in a need to bleach the fibers.
  • the fibers are blended with, typically, virgin fibers and then used in the paper making process for which the fiber properties are suitable.
  • Recent developments in waste paper de-inking make use of enzymes to aid in the detachment and removal of inks from the fibers. These processes describe the use of particular types of enzymes to facilitate ink removal without the negative effects of caustic treatment on brightness along with the use of flotation to remove the agglomerated ink particles.
  • Stickies are generally adhesives, glues, hot melts, coatings, coating binders, ink residues, de-inking chemicals, wood resins, rosin, and unpulped wet strength resins that typically are present with the fiber to be recycled. These organic contaminants typically must be removed in substantial quantities so that they do not affect the subsequent processing steps. There is always a desire in the paper making industry to develop new methods to remove such organic contaminants in more effective and environmentally friendly ways.
  • Stickies can be generally described as tacky, hydrophobic, pliable organic materials found in recycled paper systems. Stickies have a broad range of melting points and different degrees of tackiness dependent upon the composition of the stickies. Temperature, pH, concentration, size, and composition can affect the tackiness of stickies. The variable nature of stickies is one of the reasons that controlling or removing them can be difficult and unpredictable. Also, the use of recycled fiber has been increasing and is expected to continue growing, making stickies a more significant problem.
  • Recycled paper fibers contain many components that when repulped in recycle fiber plants become stickies.
  • Recycled furnishes may have as many as a dozen different types of stickies, each having its own characteristics.
  • Sources of stickies may include any of the following: adhesives, hot melts, coating binders, ink residues, deinking chemicals, wood resins, rosin, pitch, and wet strength resins.
  • the actual tacky deposits found on paper machines may be a combination of several of these organic contaminants as well as inorganic particles such as talc, clay, or calcium carbonate.
  • Mechanical methods include screening, cleaning, washing, floating, and disperging, with each method designed to remove a different size contaminant. Screening typically removes larger or macro stickies (>0.004 inch or 100 microns). Forward and reverse cleaners can be used. Based on density differences using centrifugal force, forward cleaners remove contaminants heavier than water and reverse cleaners remove particles lighter than water. This method removes more macro stickies than micro stickies. Floating removes intermediate size stickies (50-300 microns), which are troublesome, because they are small enough to be accepted by screening and cleaning but too large to be removed by washing. In disperging, the stock is thickened, passed through a device at high temperature, pressure, and shear, which breaks organic contaminants, including stickies, into smaller pieces.
  • Various chemical methods can be used. For instance, in pacification, additives like talc, clay, nonionic organic polymers, and other inorganic particles are used to render the stickies less tacky. In dispersion, dispersants, surfactants, and solvents are used to make stickies smaller. Other methods use certain enzymatic treatments for pitch/stickies removal.
  • the stickies are attached to the paper sheet by using a cationic water soluble polymer, which adds charge to the stickies.
  • a dispersant is added first to reduce the size of the stickies and then a cationic polymer is used to fix the stickies onto the sheet.
  • passivation the use of dispersants, solvents, and low molecular weight cationic polymers makes the paper machine less susceptible to stickies.
  • Pitch deposition on process equipment in paper making systems using virgin pulp supplies also can result in operational problems and production inefficiencies.
  • Pitch is a naturally occurring matter in wood pulp.
  • Pitch can deposit, for instance, on screens used in the process line to reduce their throughput, and/or on process control devices, rendering them inoperable, such as instrument probes.
  • Deposition of the pitch can occur not only on metal surfaces in the system, but also on plastic and synthetic surfaces such as machine wires, felts, foils, uhle boxes and headbox components. Pitch deposits may also break off resulting in spots and defects in the final paper product which decrease the quality of the paper.
  • a feature of the present invention is to provide methods to control organic contaminants present in fibers that contain organic contaminants.
  • a further feature of the present invention is to provide a method to process recycled and/or virgin pulp fibers in a manner such that the organic contaminants present in the recycled and/or virgin pulp fibers are controlled.
  • the present invention relates to a method to control organic contaminants present in fibers containing organic contaminants.
  • the method involves contacting fibers with a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier or at least one type of ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both, for a sufficient time and in a sufficient amount to control organic contaminants present in the fibers.
  • a method can involve contacting recycled fibers with a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both, for a sufficient time and in a sufficient amount to control stickies present in the recycled fibers.
  • the combination of a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, such as a water-soluble cellulose derivative, and/or an ester hydrolyzing enzyme, such as lipase yields synergistic reductions in sticky amounts from recycled fibers, such as compared to the use of clay alone, detackifer alone, and/or clay with same detackifier.
  • the combination of a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both gives improved control of stickies.
  • the method is effective to reduce stickies in paper mill furnishes, e.g., which utilize old newspapers, old corrugated containers, and mixed office waste, and the like.
  • a method can involve contacting virgin fibers with a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, such as at least one type of water- soluble cellulose derivative, or at least one type of ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both, and optionally at least one type of lipoxygenase, for a sufficient time and in a sufficient amount to control the pitch present in the virgin fibers.
  • a detackifier such as at least one type of water- soluble cellulose derivative, or at least one type of ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both, and optionally at least one type of lipoxygenase
  • the present invention further relates to controlling organic contaminants from fibers in papermaking systems.
  • the method includes treating water in a clarifier, or, immediately prior to the clarifier in a papermaking system, with a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both, for a sufficient time and in sufficient amounts to control the organic contaminants present in the water.
  • the benefits of the methods of the present invention include, for example, reduced downtime, increased machine runnability, reduced furnish cost, improved converting efficiency, increased brightness, improved effective residual ink concentration, improved sheet quality, and/or reduced solvent usage.
  • the methods can be cost effective as compared to conventional stickies or pitch control programs.
  • Fig. 1 is a bar graph depicting the reduction in organic contaminants, based on ppm organic contaminants for a variety of formulations including a control and comparative formulations, and formulations of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a bar graph depicting the ppm of stickies for large stickies, medium stickies, and small stickies for several formulations and a control using Pulmac testing.
  • the present invention relates to methods to control organic contaminants present in fiber containing organic contaminants by treating fibers with a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both, and optionally also lipoxygenase.
  • the fiber can be cellulose fibers, such as recycled fibers, virgin wood cellulose fibers, or combinations thereof.
  • the method reduces the amount of stickies in paper mill furnish and/or detackifies the remaining stickies so the deposition of the remaining stickies is inhibited.
  • the recycled fibers may be obtained from a variety of paper products or fiber containing products, such as paperboard, newsprint, sanitary and other paper products. These products may comprise, for example, old corrugated containers (OCC), old newsprint (ONP), mixed office waste (MOW), or combinations thereof. These types of paper containing products typically contain large amounts of organic contaminants which are present in the paper products. When these types of paper products are recycled, these organic contaminants are present along with the fibers formed during the pulping stage of a paper making process. These organic contaminants, if not substantially removed, can severely interfere with subsequent stages in the paper making process by affecting the quality of the resulting sheets of paper formed and/or effecting the machinery used to form the paper. Accordingly, the removal of such organic contaminants is important to the paper making process when such organic contaminants are present in fibers.
  • examples of organic contaminants include what is known in the industry as "stickies” and include, but are not limited to, synthetic polymers resulting from adhesives and the like, glues, hot melts, coatings, coating binders, ink residues, de-inking chemicals, wood resins, rosin, pressure sensitive binders and unpulped wet strength resins. These type of materials are typically found in paper containing products, such as newsprint, corrugated container, and/or mixed office waste.
  • organic contaminants can have polymers present, such as styrene butadiene rubber, vinyl acrylates, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, natural rubber, ethyl vinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetates, ethylvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl alcohols, styrene acrylates, and/or other synthetic type polymers.
  • polymers present such as styrene butadiene rubber, vinyl acrylates, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, natural rubber, ethyl vinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetates, ethylvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl alcohols, styrene acrylates, and/or other synthetic type polymers.
  • these organic contaminants can be controlled by contacting the fiber containing the organic contaminants with at least one zeolite and optionally at least one detackifier and/or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme for a sufficient time and in a sufficient amount to control the organic contaminants present in the fiber.
  • the at least one zeolite, and optionally at least one detackifier and/or at least one enzyme can disperse or convert the organic contaminants to organic species that do not affect the paper making process.
  • the polyvinyl acetates can be dispersed and/or converted to polyvinyl alcohols, which do not affect the paper making process. This manner that the compositions achieve control of organic contaminants is quite different from collecting contaminants by flotation.
  • Zeolite In the methods of the present invention, one or more types of at least one zeolite are used.
  • the at least one zeolite is in particle or particulate form.
  • the at least one zeolite can be present in a liquid suspension.
  • the liquid suspension can contain the at least one zeolite alone or it can contain one or more of the other treatment chemicals used in the methods of the present invention, such as the detackifier(s) and/or enzyme(s), and can have other optional components.
  • the at least one zeolite can have any particle size distribution.
  • the at least one zeolite can have an average or median particle size of 100 microns or less, such as 80 microns or less, 60 microns or less, 50 microns or less, 40 microns or less, 30 microns or less, 25 microns or less, 20 microns or less, 15 microns or less, 10 microns or less, 7 microns or less, or 5 microns or less.
  • the at least one zeolite can have a median particle size of from about 5 microns to about 50 microns, from about 5 microns to about 45 microns, from about 5 microns to about 40 microns, from about 5 microns to about 20 microns, and the like.
  • the at least one zeolite is commercially available from a variety of sources including, but not limited to, ZEO Inc. More specific brands are Z-Ultra and the like.
  • the at least one zeolite can be used in a natural or synthetic particulate form milled to the desired particle size, or it can be calcined, or otherwise treated.
  • the at least one zeolite can be used in the present invention in a treatment amount of from about 0.1 kg to about 20 kg per metric ton of dried pulp fiber.
  • the zeolite can be natural or synthetic (for instance from a sol-gel process).
  • the zeolite can be considered a molecular sieve.
  • the classical definition of a zeolite is a crystalline, porous aluminosilicate.
  • zeolite can include some relatively recent discoveries of materials virtually identical to the classical zeolite, but having oxide structures with elements other than silicon and aluminum. Zeolites thus include porous oxide structures that have well- defined pore structures with a degree of crystallinity.
  • NAT o Natrolite framework
  • Analcime framework analcime, leucite, pollucite, wairakite o Laumontite (LAU), yugawaralite (YUG), goosecreekite (GOO), montesommaite (MON)
  • Faujasite framework FAU: faujasite-series, linde type X (zeolite X, X zeolites), linde type Y (zeolite Y, Y zeolites)
  • Mordenite framework MOR: maricopaite, mordenite
  • Offretite-wenkite subgroup 09.GD.25 (Nickel-Strunz, 10 ed): offretite (OFF), wenkite (WEN)
  • BRE Brewsterite framework
  • CEC cation exchange capacity
  • Specific gravity 0.7 to 1, such as about 0.85 s.g.
  • Particle size avg size of 1 to 10 microns, such as 2 to 7 microns, or 3 to 6 microns, such as about 4.5 micron average.
  • any one, two, three, four, or more of these parameters in any combination can be present in the zeolite used in the present invention, as an option.
  • the at least one zeolite is not a clay or kaolinite or bentonite, montmorillonite, wollastonite, or talc or similar types of minerals.
  • Water-soluble derivatives of cellulose are commercially available, e.g., as methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose. Non-substituted or substituted forms of these celluloses may be used.
  • Methyl ether derivatives (or alkyl ether derivatives) of cellulose can be made by reacting cellulose with the appropriate reagent in the presence of caustic soda.
  • Methyl cellulose can be made using methyl chloride
  • hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose can be made using ethylene oxide and methyl chloride
  • hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose can be made using propylene oxide and methyl chloride
  • hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose can be made using butylene oxide and methyl chloride.
  • molecular weight ranging from about 10,000 to about 246,000 which corresponds to a degree of polymerization of from about 53 to about 1,280 anhydroglucoside units.
  • the number of substitution groups on the anhydroglucoside units of the cellulose polymer can affect the solubility properties, but all levels of substitution that are water soluble are part of this invention.
  • the cellulose derivatives may contain methyl ether substitution, or hydroxyl ethyl ether substitution, or hydroxyl propyl methyl ether substitution or hydroxyl butyl ether substitution or cetyl hydroxylethyl or other groups may be added that do not affect the efficacy of the cellulose derivative for this purpose.
  • Methocel products such as Methocel F50, which is hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Methocel F15AV, which is methyl cellulose, and Cellosize QP- 1500-H hydroxyethyl cellulose, which is hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, all available from Dow Chemical Co., Midland MI and Natrosol 330 Plus which is cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose, available from Ashland Inc., Wilmington, DE, and is described in U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2004/0231816.
  • the methyl (or alkyl) ether cellulose derivatives can be pre-combined beforehand or added separately or introduced in any order in forming the composition and/or introducing the composition (or components thereof) in the papermaking process.
  • other detackifiers can be used.
  • the amount of the detackifiers that can be used in the present invention would be the same amounts as set forth above for the water-soluble cellulose derivatives.
  • Ester Hydrolyzing Enzymes In the methods of the present invention, at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme can be optionally used, and can be used at a high concentration of ester hydrolyzing enzymes.
  • Esterase, lipase, and cutinase are non-limiting examples of ester hydrolyzing enzymes that may be used singly or in any combinations thereof in the methods of the present invention.
  • Esterases are enzymes that cleave triglycerides (viz., fats or lipids) or esters into carboxylic acids (fatty acids) and mono- and di-glycerides.
  • Lipases are hydrolytic enzymes that act upon the ester bond of neutral lipids and phospholipids. Lipases hydrolyze triglycerides, or fats, to glycerol and fatty acids.
  • Cutinases are hydrolytic enzymes that degrade cutin, the cuticular polymer of higher plants, which is a polyester composed of hydroxy and epoxy fatty acids. Fatty acids of cutin are usually «-C 16 and «-C 18 and contain one to three hydroxyl groups.
  • Lipase can be derived or isolated from pancreatic sources (e.g., pancreatic lipase) or from various fungi and/or bacteria, and/or other microorganisms. Examples include, but are not limited to, triacylglycerol acylhydrolase and triacyl glycerol lipase. Also, any lipase or esterase capable of hydrolyzing triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acids can be used. Commercially available products containing esterase or lipase can be used.
  • Optimyze®, Optimyze Plus, Buzyme® 2528, Buzyme® 2515 and Buzyme® 2517 can be used which are products available from Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. These products can combine the lipase or esterase enzyme with solvents and surfactant for stability. Products containing such enzymes as Resinase HT, Resinase A2X, Novocor ADL, Pancreatic Lipase 250, Lipase G-1000, Greasex 50L, and Greasex 100L products can be used in the methods of the present invention. Such products are available from such commercial sources as Genencor, Novo Nordisk, and Novozymes, Inc.
  • Esterase sources are available as products designated as NS51032 or NS51060, which are commercially made by Novozymes Inc.
  • the esterase or lipase described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,507,952 and 5,356,800 and in U.S. Patent Application Publication Nos. 2003/0051836 and 2004/0226672 can be used in the present invention and these patents are incorporated in their entirety along with any other patent publications mentioned in this application, by reference herein.
  • a lipolytic enzyme can be used in the present invention.
  • the ester hydrolyzing enzymes can generally be used in any form, such as liquid form or solid form.
  • the amount of ester hydrolyzing enzyme used in the methods of the present invention are a sufficient amount to control the organic contaminants present in the fiber.
  • the enzyme used in the present invention can have any amount of activity.
  • the activity can be at least 5.0 LU/Gm/min, such as at least 10 LU/Gm/min, or at least 15 LU/Gm/min, for instance from 15.0 to 30.0 LU/Gm/min defined as lipase units per gram per minute (LU/gm/min).
  • the lipases used in the present invention can have this activity, for instance, the triacylglycerol lipase and other lipases.
  • Resinase A2X lipase from Novozyme has activity of about 15.0 to 20.0 LU/Gm/min defined as lipase units per gram per minute (LU/gm/min).
  • a cutinase can be evaluated based on its vinyl acetate esterase activity for de-esterifying polyvinylacetate. Therefore, the cutinase can be assayed as its ability to liberate or produce millimoles of acetic acid per gram per minute. This activity can be equal to at least 10 mmol/gm/min, or at least 15 mmol/gm min, or at least 20 mmol/gm/min of liberated acetic acid. For example, Optimyze activity can be equal to 21.0 to 23.0 mmol/gm/min of liberated acetic acid. Preferred (total) amounts of ester hydrolyzing enzyme are from about 0.005 lbs. to about 4 lbs.
  • More than one enzyme can be used, such as two, three, four, or more.
  • the one or multiple enzymes can be added as part of a pre- mixture, added separately, or added in any order in the methods of the present invention.
  • the ester hydrolyzing enzyme may be stabilized esterase and/or lipase compositions using the formulations described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,356,800 and 5,780,283, incorporated in their entirety by reference herein.
  • At least one polymer can be added together with the composition containing the water-soluble cellulose derivative and ester hydrolyzing enzyme at about the same time.
  • one or more polymers can be added before or after the introduction of the enzyme(s). For instance, the polymer(s) can be added one hour or less before or after introduction of the enzyme(s) to the fiber.
  • the polymer can be a water soluble polymer, such as a cationic water soluble polymer.
  • Examples of such polymers include, but are not limited to, epichlorohydrin/dimethylamine polymers (EPI-DMA) and cross-linked solutions thereof, polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC), DADMAC/acrylamide copolymers, ionene polymers, and the like.
  • Examples of ionene polymers include, but are not limited to, those set forth in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,681,862 and 5,575,993, both incorporated in their entireties by reference herein. Further, the polymers set forth in U.S. Patent No. 5,256,252 can be used as well and this patent is incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.
  • the polymer if used in the methods of the present invention can be used in any amount and preferably in dosage ranges of from about 0.1 to about 15 pounds per ton of dry fiber treated, more preferably from about 0.25 pounds to about 10 pounds per ton of dry fiber treated, and more preferably from about 1 pound to about 5 pounds per ton of dry fiber treated.
  • controlling organic contaminants present in fibers having organic contaminants is understood as one or more of the following: reducing the size of contaminant particles, reducing the number or amount of measurable particles present, and/or reducing the tackiness of the organic contaminants.
  • reducing the size of contaminant particles is by at least about 5%, more preferably by from about 10% to about 75% as compared to when no treatment is used, or compared to clay used alone or clay with detackifier.
  • the reduction in the number or amount of organic contaminants present in the fiber is reduced by at least about 5%, and more preferably by from about 10% to about 75% when compared to fibers which have not been treated at all.
  • the reduction of tackiness of the organic contaminants is preferably reduced by at least about 5%, and more preferably by from about 10%) to about 75% when compared to fibers which have not been treated at all.
  • conventional paper treatment chemicals or ingredients such as, but not limited to, one or more surfactants, solvents, suspension aids, fillers, chelants, preservatives, buffers, water, and/or stabilizers, and the like can be used. These additional ingredients can be present in conventional amounts.
  • the at least one zeolite and optionally at least one detackifier and/or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme can be introduced at any point in the processing of the fiber containing organic contaminants as part of a paper making process.
  • the at least one zeolite and optionally at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme is introduced or brought into contact with the fiber containing the organic contaminants in any fashion.
  • the at least one zeolite and optionally at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme can be introduced prior to the pulping stage, during the pulping stage, and/or after the pulping stage.
  • the at least one zeolite and at least one detackifier, and/or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme generally are used in a manner providing sufficient reaction time, minimal concentration of oxidizers, and a suitable pH and temperature ranges. There is no need to denature the enzymes.
  • the optimum pH for enzyme activity may vary for different enzymes.
  • the at least one zeolite with or without at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme is generally effective over a pH range of about 6.8 to about 9.5, and a temperature range of between about 4 and about 65°C.
  • the contact time should be sufficient to control the organic contaminants present with the fibers such that organic contaminants are substantially controlled.
  • the contact time is from about 1 min. to about 8 hours, more preferably from about 10 min. to about 4 hours, and most preferably from about 20 min. to about 2 hours.
  • the at least one zeolite and optionally at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme can be introduced or brought into contact with the fiber containing organic contaminants at the thick stock storage stage and/or prior to the flotation de-inking stage.
  • the at least one zeolite with or without at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme can be introduced after the flotation stage in the paper making process.
  • the at least one zeolite with or without at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme can be introduced after the flotation stage and before the paper machine headbox. In some paper making processes, there is no flotation step, such as with the recycling of OCC.
  • the at least one zeolite and at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme can be added at or after the pulper and/or at or before the headbox, and/or can be added in the paper machine white water.
  • the manner in which the at least one zeolite and optionally at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme are introduced or brought into contact with the fiber containing the organic contaminants can be in any fashion, such as by injection points, pouring into the area to be treated, and/or using repulpable bags of dry or liquid enzymes.
  • the introduction of the treatment chemicals can be immediate, slow release, timed release, intermittent, and/or continuous.
  • the treatment chemicals can be introduced at multiple points or at just one point of the paper making operation.
  • more than one type of at least one zeolite, detackifier (if used), and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme (if used) can be used, mixtures can be used, or any other variations as long as at least one at least one zeolite with or without at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme are introduced in some fashion in order to control organic contaminants present in fibers having organic contaminants.
  • the treatment chemicals (or mixture) can be pre-formed prior to introducing to the papermaking operation, or the individual components can be added separately or can be pre- combined and added to a feed line, or can be added in any order or combination.
  • the addition can be by batch, continuously, semi-continuously, or any combination thereof.
  • the treatment chemicals may or may not be diluted with fresh water or process water.
  • the controlling of the organic contaminants present in fibers having organic contaminants can be incorporated into any paper making operation, including tissue paper.
  • any paper making operation including tissue paper.
  • the remaining aspects of the paper making operation as is known to those skilled in the art can be used in order to form paper products.
  • the conventional additive materials used with paper making pulps during stock preparation can be used as well in the present invention.
  • Continuous or non-continuous paper making machines can then convert aqueous suspensions of fibers and other ingredients into dry sheets of paper using such conventionally known operations which involve Fourdrinier machines, twin wire machines or cylinder machines or other paper making devices. Subsequent treatments of the sheets of paper to achieve the desired characteristics such as machine calendering and/or coating of the papersheets and the like can also be used in the present invention.
  • a method of manufacturing crepe paper can be used, including soft, absorbent tissue paper webs, and particularly to modes of creping of such webs to attain adequate softness and adhesive characteristics while minimizing operational difficulties.
  • a thin paper web is formed from a slurry of water and treated fiber using a conventional web forming technique.
  • the web is then dewatered and preferably is at least partially dried.
  • the web is then conveyed, for example, carried on a fabric, to a large preferably steam-heated rotary drum dryer, referred to herein and elsewhere as a Yankee dryer.
  • the web commonly enters the dryer at a circumferential dryer position that is preferably at least about halfway around, and more preferably at least about 75% around, the cylindrical dryer with respect to the zone of web de-contact from the drum.
  • the de-contact zone is equipped with a creping blade against which the web abuts so as to be pushed backwardly upon itself and attain the well-known tissue crepe paper structure.
  • tissue drying systems such as Through Air Drying (TAD) may be used. Creping systems, methods, and adhesives are described in the following U.S. Patent Nos.
  • the combined at least one zeolite with or without detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzyme used in methods of the present invention reduce and/or inhibit stickies problems by at least one or more of the following mechanisms or effects, including aiding in separating them from the wastepaper; removing them from the fiber and the de-inking process; preventing agglomeration of residual stickies in the pulp; preventing deposition on the fabric, felt and dryer; and/or retaining microscopic stickies in the sheet at a size too small to cause manufacturing or converting problems.
  • Ester hydrolyzing enzymes, such as lipase can be used to reduce the concentration of fatty esters in pulp and paper mill systems. Fatty esters are quite prone to deposit in pulp and paper mills and it is expected that by reducing the fatty ester content, that reduced deposition will be seen. However, this has not proven to be the case.
  • the utility of the treatment process is not believed dependent upon whether the pulp is derived from softwood, hardwood or blends thereof.
  • virgin fiber refers to cellulosic fiber other than recycled fiber, and can include bleached or unbleached Kraft, sulfite pulp or other chemical pulps, and groundwood (GW) or other mechanical pulps such as, for example, thermomechanical pulp (TMP), or chemical-mechanical pulps, for example, chemical thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), Alkaline Peroxide Mechanical Pulp (APMP).
  • TMP thermomechanical pulp
  • CMP chemical thermomechanical pulp
  • APMP Alkaline Peroxide Mechanical Pulp
  • Lipoxygenases are iron-containing enzymes that catalyze the dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to form fatty acid hydroperoxides. Lipoxygenases are found in plants and animals. Preferred amounts of the lipoxygenase are from about 0.004 lbs. to about 4 lbs. per ton of dry fiber treated, and more preferably from about 0.01 to about 2 lbs. per ton of dry fiber treated, and most preferably from about 0.05 to about 0.5 lbs. per ton of dry fiber treated.
  • the water-soluble cellulose and ester hydrolyzing enzymes may be used in this composition that further includes lipoxygenase in respective range amounts that are similar to those described above for the composition preferably used in treating recycled fiber. More than one lipoxygenase can be used, such as two, three, or four or more.
  • the lipoxygenase can be pre-combined with the water-soluble cellulose derivative and/or the ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or can be added separately to a feed stream or to the pulp stream or elsewhere.
  • the at least one zeolite optionally with at least one detackifier and/or ester hydrolyzing enzymes, and optional lipoxygenase enzymes are effective in controlling pitch deposition in paper making systems, such as Kraft, acid sulfite, groundwood and other mechanical pulp paper making systems.
  • pitch deposition in the brown stock washer, screen room and decker systems in Kraft pulp making processes can be controlled.
  • paper making system is meant to include all pulp processes. Generally, it is thought that these polymers can be utilized to prevent pitch deposition on all wetted surfaces from the pulp mill to the reel of the paper machine under a variety of pH's and conditions.
  • treatment chemicals includes a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier and/or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme, and, optionally, c) any other conventional component.
  • Detackifier 0 to 5#/ton (dry fiber)
  • Ester hydrolyzing enzyme 0 to 3 #/ton (dry fiber).
  • the enzyme if used, can be introduced once pulp is present in the pulper.
  • the enzyme if used, can be introduced prior to the at least one zeolite and/or at least one detackifier (if used).
  • all of the treatment chemicals combined can be added at a single time as part of a liquid suspension.
  • each treatment chemical can be introduced separately as a dry component or as a liquid suspension.
  • the treatment chemicals can be fed batchwise, semi-batchwise, semi-continuously, or continuously.
  • the present invention includes the following aspects/embodiments/features in any order and/or in any combination:
  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling deposition of organic contaminants from fibers in paper making systems, comprising contacting said fibers with a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme or both, for a sufficient time and in a sufficient amount to control the organic contaminants present in the fibers.
  • organic contaminants comprise synthetic polymers from adhesives, glues, hot-melts, coatings, coating binders, de-inking chemicals, ink residues, wood resins, rosin, contact adhesive binders, unpulped wet strength resins, pitch, or combinations thereof.
  • ester hydrolyzing enzyme comprises lipase
  • At least one detackifier comprises at least one water-soluble cellulose derivative.
  • said water-soluble cellulose derivative comprises methyl cellulose, hydroxyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, hydropropyl methyl cellulose, cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose or hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose, singly or in any combination thereof.
  • said fibers containing organic contaminants comprise fibers from old corrugated containers, old newsprint or old newspapers, mixed office waste, or any combinations thereof.
  • liquid suspension further comprises lipoxygenase.
  • a method for controlling organic contaminants from fibers in paper making systems comprising treating water in a clarifier or immediately prior to said clarifier with a) at least one zeolite and optionally b) at least one detackifier, or at least one ester hydrolyzing enzyme, or both, for a sufficient time and in a sufficient amount to control the organic contaminants present in said water.
  • the present invention can include any combination of these various features or embodiments above and/or below as set forth in sentences and/or paragraphs. Any combination of disclosed features herein is considered part of the present invention and no limitation is intended with respect to combinable features.
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • Testing procedure for detackification testing Take 500 ml of tap water in 1000 ml beaker and place beaker on a hot plate with temperature control and magnetic agitation. Use Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) as a model of tack stickies. Warm up water to designed temperature and add EVA into water at designed concentration. Start agitation at designed speed for certain period of time. Dilute the test samples and add in stickies solution under agitation, continue to agitate the mixture for designed time and remove samples from the hot plate. Place a black filter paper on a funnel filter. Carefully filter the mixture of solution through the filter paper. Remove the filter paper and dry it on a hot plate. Use a coated paper to cover on the filter paper and place them in a heated carver press at 220° F and 5000 psi for 2 minutes. Remove coated paper from the filter paper and use the filter paper for testing.
  • EVA Ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • Tables 1 and 2 summarize the comparisons of various inorganic particles and methylcellulose in detackification performance by using EVA as tacky compound. Zeolite shows better performance on reduction of tacky material deposition than the other mineral particles.
  • Control water with EVA without any additive.
  • Talc suspended in water - for example a 50 ppm dosage would be made by adding 0.05 g talc/L water.
  • Zeolite zeolite suspended in water - for example a 50 ppm dosage would be made by adding 0.05 g zeolite/L water, (avg. particle size of zeolite in all examples was about 4.5 microns).
  • BLX-13826 is a commercial product of Buckman Laboratories, Inc. (Memphis, TN) and is a Diatomaceous earth (DE)/Methycellulose formulation. Table 2.
  • Table 3 and Fig 1 show performance comparison of zeolite and zeolite combination with dispersant or enzyme. The results indicate the combination of zeolite and enzyme further improve the efficiency of detackification.
  • Fig 1 also shows the comparison of a zeolite formulation with some existing commercial non-zeolite containing products in detackification efficiency.
  • the zeolite formulation (Z-1) showed better performance than existing products at the same dosage condition.
  • BSP 248 Busperse 248 product from Buckman Laboratories, Inc and is a pitch control product that contains a dispersant.
  • NS51032 is a lipase product from Novozyme.
  • Zeolite zeolite suspended in water - for example a 50 ppm dosage would be made by adding 0.05 g zeolite/L water.
  • Control water and ppm amount of EVA.
  • Fig 1 (EVA concentration 100 ppm.
  • OPP 745 OPTIMYZE 745 product from Buckman Laboratories, Inc - a lipase/surfactant mixture.
  • OPP 525 OPTIMYZE 525 product from Buckman Laboratories, Inc - a stabilized lipase product.
  • BLX-13827 Diatomaceous earth with methylcellulose and lipase enzyme (commercial product of Buckman Laboratories, Inc).
  • Z-l Zeolite 12%, Methocel 1%, NS51032 1.5%, Resinase HT 0.5%, Xanthan gum 0.4%, Propylene glycol 2.0%, Water 82.6%.
  • BSP 2281 BUSPERSE 2281 product from Buckman Laboratories, Inc is a solvent/surfactant mixture.
  • Pulmac testing (Using recycled pulp). Testing procedure for pulp stickies testing:
  • Pulmac Master Screen was used for stickies test for recycled pulp.
  • Table 4 and Fig 2 show the comparison of zeolite formulation with some existing commercial non-zeolite containing products in stickies reduction in pulp by using Pulmac testing. Zeolite formulation (Z-1) provided better efficiency on stickies reduction.
  • the zeolite formulation (Z-1) had almost comparable reduction in "count” but more importantly was able to reduce the size of the stickies better than the enzymes alone or with Diatomaceous earth.
  • BLX-13827 is DE/Methy cellulose/Enzyme formulation and Z-l is
  • OPP 735 and OPP 742 are
  • the zeolite was Z-Ultra from ZEO Inc., and was used in the amount of 2.4 pounds per dry ton of fiber.
  • the methylcellulose detackifier was Methocel F50 from Dow Chemical Co., and used in the amount of 0.6 pound per dry ton of fiber.
  • the enzyme(s) was NS51032 and Resinase HT from Novozyme used in the amount of 0.26 pound per dry ton of fiber.
  • Example 2 a machine chest stock resulting from used hot melt glued, single wall corrugated containers was obtained from a mill and had approximately 3 to about 5% by weight consistency of fibers or solids. This stock was then diluted to a 1% by weight consistency the pH was adjusted to 7.4 and then heated to approximately 50 to 60°C. 1,000 milliliter samples of the dilute stock were then placed on a hot plate to maintain the 50 to 60°C temperature and the dilute stock was mixed at a constant rate of approximately 100-150 rpm. Then, one of the Treatments listed above was used, and the resulting different samples were mixed for 1 to 2 hours. The compositions tested are identified as above for purposes of this example.

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés pour réduire les polluants organiques dans des fibres. Un procédé consiste à mettre les fibres en contact avec a) au moins une zéolite et facultativement b) un antiadhésif ou une enzyme hydrolysant les esters, ou les deux, pendant un temps suffisant et selon une quantité suffisante pour réduire les polluants organiques présents dans les fibres. Ce procédé est efficace pour réduire les matières collantes dans des compositions de fabrication de papier formées avec des fibres recyclées. L'invention concerne également un procédé pour réguler la poix dans les compositions de fabrication de papier formées avec des fibres vierges. Les produits de papier résultants formés à partir des fibres traitées sont également décrits, ainsi que des procédés pour les fabriquer.
PCT/US2014/049516 2013-08-20 2014-08-04 Procédés permettant de réduire les polluants organiques dans des fibres au moyen de zéolites WO2015026507A1 (fr)

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CN110983849A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-10 江南大学 一种多酶复配降解胶黏物的方法及其应用

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WO2018232115A1 (fr) 2017-06-15 2018-12-20 Ecolab Usa Inc. Polymère destiné à réguler le dépôt de poix et d'impuretés collantes dans la fabrication du papier
US10329715B2 (en) 2017-07-20 2019-06-25 Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. Real time regulation of yankee dryer coating based on predicted natural coating transfer
US10767314B2 (en) * 2018-08-13 2020-09-08 Epygen Labs Fz Llc Methods to reduce rewinder breaks during paper production from recycled paper furnish
CA3190352A1 (fr) 2020-08-27 2022-03-03 Daniel Glover Commande predictive de la composition chimique de secheur yankee et de la qualite de produit crepe

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CN106480771A (zh) * 2016-12-23 2017-03-08 江南大学 一种利用角质酶处理造纸白水的方法
CN110983849A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-10 江南大学 一种多酶复配降解胶黏物的方法及其应用

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