WO2015023676A1 - Evaluation de l'éclairement ou recommandation utilisant la fonction visuelle - Google Patents

Evaluation de l'éclairement ou recommandation utilisant la fonction visuelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015023676A1
WO2015023676A1 PCT/US2014/050738 US2014050738W WO2015023676A1 WO 2015023676 A1 WO2015023676 A1 WO 2015023676A1 US 2014050738 W US2014050738 W US 2014050738W WO 2015023676 A1 WO2015023676 A1 WO 2015023676A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adjustable
light source
user
illuminance
lighting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/050738
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Borden
Michele KLEIN
Original Assignee
Jasper Ridge Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jasper Ridge Inc. filed Critical Jasper Ridge Inc.
Publication of WO2015023676A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015023676A1/fr
Priority to US15/043,767 priority Critical patent/US9820643B2/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
    • A61B3/032—Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0008—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with illuminating means

Definitions

  • Bright light is a clinical intervention that can help people with chronic eye diseases such as macular degeneration recover lost visual function.
  • a study showed that among the 89% with macular degeneration, the average gain in reading acuity was greater than 0.2 logMAR (corresponding to the ability to read about 60% smaller letter size) when illuminance was increased from 125 lumens per square meter (lux) to 2050 lux.
  • 125 lux is a lighting level that can be found in a typical home.
  • many patients may achieve full acuity at 1500-2000 lux, and some may need over 5000 lux to achieve acuity.
  • Clinicians can test for response to increased lighting, but these tests are generally not controlled. For example, a patient's reading acuity may be evaluated using standard charts such as the MN read or SK read using ambient examining room light. The patient can then tested while wearing 4% transmission sunglasses. The assumption is generally that if reading acuity drops with the sunglasses (reduced light), then reading acuity would increase with bright light. However, this assumption may be inaccurate, for example, because increased light often introduces glare. Also, perceived brightness is generally non-linear, so the actual benefit from increased light may be smaller than assumed on the basis of the loss from reduced light.
  • the doctor may employ a desk lamp to test for the benefit of brighter illuminance.
  • such sources are rarely calibrated, and the illuminance is a sensitive function of their position with respect to the reading material or vision chart, so such testing is generally not repeatable.
  • a nonlinear response of the eye may erroneously indicate less benefit at intermediate levels of illuminance than would actually be realized if testing were performed with a very bright light source.
  • a test in the office with bright light can also be confounded by glare, from reflections off the eye chart or from sources such as a poorly positioned lamp. In such an examination environment, it can be difficult to control factors to obtain reproducible results, including glare, intensity and light uniformity at the plane of the chart.
  • An additional problem is that there is no standard method for converting the result of a lighting assessment into a recommendation for a lamp or light bulb that can produce the optimum lighting condition found in the exam, so the patient can duplicate the lighting at home, work or school. Without an existing technique to offer this recommendation, the assessment itself is of limited practical value to the patient.
  • Color and color temperature can also play a role in eye strain and comfort in reading, and are factors that can be considered in selecting lighting. Accordingly, a problem exists because no standard test device or technique exists to determine a patient response to increased illuminance including providing reproducible test conditions and control of factors that can influence results, allows for testing with different colors of light, and has a quantified output that can be entered into a medical record, and no technique or system for the clinician to offer a recommendation on how the patient can duplicate ideal lighting conditions after leaving the office.
  • the present inventors have recognized, among other things, that it is desirable for clinicians to have a simple, fast, and calibrated technique to quantify a patient response to increased lighting.
  • Near visual performance e.g., a reading performance
  • Optometrists generally obtain a quantitative measure of refraction (the lens power to provide optimum magnification and correction), and then prescribe lens parameters based on the quantitative measurement. The prescription can then be dispensed as one or more corrective lenses.
  • visual performance includes factors such as acuity and reduction in eye strain. For example, improved performance could indicate the ability to read smaller lines on an eye chart, to read for a longer duration because of reduced eye strain, or both.
  • This prescription can be specified, for example, in terms of units of illuminance, such as lux or foot-candles (or luminance, which can be directly related to illuminance such as by considering a reflectance of the page).
  • the prescription can also be specified in terms of a color property such as a color temperature. Color temperature can be identified, such as in degrees Kelvin (or, for colored light, a wavelength or color such as, e.g., green, blue, yellow, red, or another color, or a tint, which is a mixture of white and colored light).
  • a system can be used to evaluate illumination for a patient, the system including a housing, an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to the housing and configured to illuminate an object for viewing by the patient on an axis substantially perpendicular to a surface of the object, a user- adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source, the user-adjustable input configured to obtain information from a user indicative of a calibrated illuminance and a color property to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable illuminance and color properties selectable by the user, and an indicator configured to provide indicia of a selected illuminance and a selected color property to the user.
  • the adjustable light source can be configured to provide light having an illuminance in excess of 300 lux
  • the housing can be configured to provide a first specified distance between the adjustable light source and the object for viewing and to obstruct viewing of the light source directly by the patient.
  • the calibrated illuminance can be established at least in part using the specified distance provided by the housing.
  • a prescription specified in terms of one or more of illuminance or color property, such as provided by the system above, may still not be easily related to commercially-available lighting devices or fixtures. Therefore, the present inventors have also recognized that a lighting prescription can be further related to, or used to provide, a lighting recommendation, such as including at least one of a recommended lighting technology, a recommended lighting distance, a recommended color property, a recommended lumen output, a recommended wattage, or a recommended lighting fixture that meets the specifications of the prescription.
  • a recommendation for a specific lighting product can be provided, such as using information about at least one of the recommended lighting technology, the recommended lighting distance, the recommended color property, the recommended lumen output, the recommended wattage, or the recommended lighting fixture.
  • a specific lighting product recommendation can be generated (or multiple such recommendations can be provided), such as including information about at least one of a lighting manufacturer, a lighting vendor, a product identification, or a price.
  • information about a geographic location of a patient or caregiver can be used, so that specific lighting product recommendations can be made such as using information tailored to include channel partners (e.g., nearby hardware stores, home improvement stores, or online retailers).
  • the apparatus and techniques described herein can be used to assist in selecting appropriate color properties (e.g., hue and tint) for tinted lenses.
  • Vision clinicians often prescribe tinted lenses for patients having glasses or contacts. While these are in some cases cosmetic, if selected appropriately such tinted lenses can reduce eye strain and give a perception of improved contrast. Such factors can be important for near vision, especially when the patient is performing long duration tasks such as reading or fine work.
  • Many tinted glasses have enhanced transmission in certain wavelength bands so they appear to have a certain color, such as pink, green or yellow, while others (such as grey or brown) are neutral density, and have a relatively flat transmission across the visible spectrum.
  • a system can be used to evaluate a color property for a lens for a patient by using adjustable illumination to emulate the color property of a prescribed lens, the system including a housing, an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to the housing and configured to illuminate an object for viewing by the patient on an axis substantially perpendicular to a surface of the object, a user-adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source, the user-adjustable input configured to obtain information from a user indicative of a hue and a tint to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable hue and tint values selectable by the user, and an indicator configured to provide indicia of a selected hue and a selected tint to the user.
  • the adjustable light source can be configured to provide light having an illuminance in excess of 300 lux and the housing can be
  • FIG. 1 illustrates generally an example of a side section view of at least a portion of an apparatus, such as for evaluating visual acuity.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates generally an example of at least a portion of a system, such as for evaluating visual acuity.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates generally an example of at least a portion of a system, such as for evaluating visual acuity, or such as for providing a lighting recommendation.
  • FIGS. 4A through 4D illustrate generally illustrative examples of views of a housing and input configuration for an apparatus, such as corresponding to the examples of FIGS. 1 or 2, and such as for evaluating visual acuity.
  • FIGS. 5A through 5C illustrate generally illustrative examples of user interfaces that can be used to one or more of present information to a user such as for providing a lighting recommendation, or receive input from the user.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates generally a technique, such as a method, that can include establishing a calibrated illuminance of an object according to a user input, such as for evaluating visual acuity.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates generally a technique, such as a method, that can include generating illumination having at least one of a calibrated hue or a calibrated tint according to a user input.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates generally an example of a side section view of at least a portion of an apparatus 100, such as for evaluating visual acuity.
  • one or more adjustable light sources such as a first light source 104A or second light source 104B can be located on or within a housing 102 and mechanically coupled to the housing 102, such as to provide adjustable illumination 1 14A or 1 14B of an object 1 10.
  • the illumination 1 14A or 1 14B can be along an axis or a range of angles that are predominantly or entirely non- parallel and non-perpendicular to a surface of the object 1 10.
  • the housing 102 can be configured to include an aperture 106, such as to permit viewing of the illuminated object 1 10 by a patient 108 or other user.
  • Ambient illumination 1 16A or 1 16B can also illuminate the object 110, such as to assist in providing a realistic combination of ambient diffuse light along with adjustable intense light that can be provided by the first or second adjustable light sources 104A or 104B.
  • the housing 102 and light sources 104A and 104B can be arranged to provide a precise, repeatable, specified distance, "D," between the light sources 104A and 104B, and the object 1 10, unlike other approaches where a freestanding lamp is used. In this manner, the illuminance provided by the adjustable light sources 104A and 104B can be calibrated, without user adjustment.
  • the adjustable light sources 104A or 104B can include light- emitting diodes (LEDs), such as each including a bar or other array
  • the housing 102 can include other circuitry, such as drive electronics or a processor circuit, as discussed in other examples below, such as to receive a user input and provide one or more of a calibrated illuminance or a desired color property, using the adjustable light sources 104A or 104B.
  • the adjustable light sources 104A and 104B can be arranged symmetrically, such as shown in the illustration of FIG. 1.
  • the adjustable light sources 104A or 104B can be obstructed at least in part by the housing 102, such as to prevent the patient 108 from being dazzled or otherwise distracted by direct light emission from the sources rather than reflection 1 18 of the light off the surface of the object 1 10 being viewed.
  • a range of adjustable calibrated illuminance values or one or more color properties can be rapidly evaluated and one or more of a calibrated illuminance or a color property can be identified as more or most beneficial for viewing of the object 1 10 by the user.
  • the identified calibrated illuminance or color property can be provided as a lighting prescription, and can be further used to automatically determine specific lighting recommendations, such as used for identifying a specific lighting product for purchase or use by the patient.
  • a vertical distance from the object 1 10 to the centerline of the light source 104A and 104B (e.g., diode arrays) is 35 mm.
  • the aperture 106 length is 72 mm and width 180 mm.
  • the light sources 104A and 104B include diode arrays recessed 25 mm from the aperture 106 and mounted at a downward facing angle of 20 degrees. Each diode array includes 24 LEDs with a center-to-center spacing of 6 mm.
  • the LEDs are in six repeating groups of four, in a sequence of cold white (Cree MLEAWT-A1-0000-0004E1), green (Cree MLEGR -Al-0000-000002), warm white (Cree MLCAWT-A1-8B 1-K2-0- 00009), and red (Cree MLERED-A1-0000-000V03).
  • the six LEDs of each color type are wired in series in this illustrative example.
  • the apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 can be used to reproducibly evaluate and document a measure of the effect of varied illumination or varied color property (e.g., hue or color temperature) while controlling such effects that can skew such measurements, such as glare, variation of a distance between an illuminated object 1 10 and the light source, or a lack of illuminance calibration or non-uniformity. It is additionally possible to either include ambient light, which is important in a home lighting assessment, or to eliminate such effects by dimming the ambient lighting. Furthermore, the evaluation can be performed using a variety of different common eye charts, such as ETDRS, tumbling E, MN Read, SK Read, Pelli-Robson, Colenbrander mixed contrast, IReST, or one or more other charts.
  • a measure of the effect of varied illumination or varied color property e.g., hue or color temperature
  • the object 110 need not be an eye chart, and can include a printed matter such as a magazine, newspaper, representative restaurant menu, or other subject matter, such as an excerpt mounted or printed on a card to facilitate re-use.
  • the object 1 10 can include a black-and-white or color image, to simulate an outdoor scene in, for example, an examination in a clinic. When illuminating the image with tinted or colored light, this is of value in determining the effect of tinted glasses without having to take the patient outdoors.
  • an electronic display can be used for the object 1 10, such as an e-ink display or other display corresponding to an e-book or other device.
  • the apparatus 100 can be more effective in evaluating the benefit of increased illumination when reflective media is used for the object 1 10, so the object 1 10 would generally include printed material or a reflective-type electronic display rather than an emissive display if an electronic display 1 10 is used for the object 1 10.
  • a plane of a surface of the object 110 is substantially perpendicular (e.g., normal) to an axis of viewing by the patient 108.
  • one or more of the housing 102 or the object 1 10 can be tilted to reduce or eliminate direct reflection to the subject's eyes (minimizing specular, as opposed to the diffuse reflection expected from the matte surface of an eye chart with illumination angles far from the perpendicular (e.g., normal) axis).
  • subject matter of the object 1 10 e.g., a chart
  • can be key-stoned e.g., as with a projector, such as to correct for distortion due to tilting or off- axis viewing.
  • the housing 102 can include interior or exterior baffling or light absorbing layers such as can include matte black paint or felt, such as to suppress reflection of light.
  • baffling can include a section that recesses the light sources and black walls to block light that would otherwise find a path to the subject's eyes.
  • one or more of the inner walls of the light source can include diffuse reflective surfaces (a diffuse reflector can be similar to a white matte surface, versus a specular reflective surface which can be similar to a mirror), such as in order to increase uniformity of illuminance.
  • interior walls of the housing 102 or light sources 104A or 104B can be tilted or recessed so they are not visible through the aperture 106.
  • the aperture 106 can be an 18 centimeter (cm) x 7.2 cm rectangle, such as having the 18 cm long axis oriented parallel with the adjustable light sources 104A or 104B, such as when the adjustable light sources include LED "bar" arrays.
  • the housing 102 does not admit a significant amount of room light 1 16A or 1 16B, lest the room light interfere with the calibration or cause glare.
  • a material used for the housing 102 can be opaque or coated to suppress transmission of light through the housing 102.
  • the housing can be fabricated using a dyed or non-transmissive material as black or smoky-colored plastic that has small or negligible transmission, for example allowing transmission of less than 10% of the ambient light. This can allow a person conducting the exam to see the position of the light source on the eye chart lines as the patient 108 views them.
  • a dyed or non-transmissive material as black or smoky-colored plastic that has small or negligible transmission, for example allowing transmission of less than 10% of the ambient light. This can allow a person conducting the exam to see the position of the light source on the eye chart lines as the patient 108 views them.
  • the housing 102 are opaque and some partially or completely transmit light.
  • the housing 102 can include at least one window outside of the aperture 106 area, through which the object 1 10 can be viewed by the clinician, such as to allow the clinician to identify which line on the object 110 is being read (e.g., an eye chart).
  • a spacer 196 can be used between the patient 108 and the housing 102, such as to maintain a specified distance between the patient 108 and the housing 102.
  • a spacer 196 can include a fixed tube and can have a specified length, such as 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm or 1 meter.
  • the spacer 196 can include a rectangular cross section approximately equal to the aperture 106 of the housing.
  • the spacer 196 can include a bellows, which may be adjusted over a range of lengths.
  • such a range can include a range from about 5 cm to about 120 cm.
  • a ruled indicator can indicate the actual distance selected, either in linear units such as inches or centimeters, or in units of diopters (equal to the inverse of the distance in meters, e.g, 4 diopters equals 25 cm). Diopters can be useful units because they are also generally used to indicate a focal length of corrective lenses that may be worn by the patient 108.
  • the spacer 196 can include an opaque covering to block room light.
  • the spacer 196 can include a framework and does not need to block light ambient light.
  • the spacer 196 can be removable to enable spacers of different lengths to be affixed to the housing 102, and to allow the device to be disassembled for storage.
  • An inner surface of the spacer 196 can be non-reflective, otherwise, it may reflect light to the patient's eyes and cause glare.
  • non- reflective surfaces include black matte paint or black anodized aluminum.
  • the surface can be treated or prepared to reduce or minimize reflectance.
  • a non-reflective coating such as black felt can be attached to the inner surface of the spacer 196.
  • the inner surface of the spacer 196 can be textured to preferentially reflect light back down to the light and away from the patient.
  • the texture can include triangular shapes, which can include linear triangular grooves.
  • the non-reflective texture can include pyramids, which generally include a triangular cross-section. Even with the texture, a dark or black surface can also be used, such as obtained with paint or anodizing of aluminum.
  • the viewing position of the patient 108 is generally located at a fixed position at the end of the spacer 196, furthest from the light.
  • it can be a viewport where the patient can place his or her face and look through to see the chart.
  • the viewport can include a piece that fixes on the spacer 196 and contains two holes, one for each eye.
  • the viewport can include a single aperture.
  • the viewport can include opaque covers that block light to one eye, such as enabling measurement with the left eye or right eye alone.
  • the spacer 196 can include an opaque bellows between the patient 108 and housing 102.
  • a triangular texture of a bellows surface generally suppresses or eliminates reflections and stray light, because incident light is not reflected to the viewport.
  • the bellows can be similar to that used in a camera assembly.
  • a bellows can include a rectangular cross-section and can adjust in length over a range of about 5 to about 40 cm.
  • a frame can include aluminum rods can support the bellows structure.
  • the viewport of the spacer 196 can be located in a fixed position, and the housing 102 can be slid forward or backward along the aluminum rods to a desired location.
  • a ruled label or other indicium of distance can be provided in relation to the spacer 196, either on a support or on a base, such as to indicate the distance between the viewport and the chart or to indicator one or more other distances.
  • the distance can be specified in terms of centimeters or diopters.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates generally an example of at least a portion of a system, such as including apparatus 200 for evaluating visual acuity.
  • the elements shown in FIG. 2 can be housed in a self-contained hand-held apparatus, such as shown in the illustrative examples of FIG. 1 and FIGS. 4A through 4D.
  • portions of a system can be distributed between a hand-held apparatus, and a local assembly such as a tablet, mobile device, or desktop computer, such as shown illustratively in FIG. 3.
  • Other portions of the system can be remote, such as can include a database or other repository of information about one or more lighting products, as illustrated generally in FIG. 3 and as can be accessed such as using the interfaces described in the illustrative examples of FIGS. 5A through 5C (e.g., such as using a tablet, laptop, desktop, or mobile device).
  • the apparatus 200 can include a processor circuit 220 (e.g., an embedded processor circuit or system, such as can include a microcontroller, microprocessor, or other circuitry such as a finite state machine).
  • the processor circuit 220 can be coupled to a memory circuit 224, such as can include instructions that, when performed by the processor circuit 220, cause an adjustable light source 204 including one or more individual sources 238A through 238N to provide illumination 214 having one or more of a calibrated illuminance or a specified color property.
  • the processor circuit 220 can receive information from a user indicative of a calibrated illuminance and a color property, such as using a user adjustable input 226, including one or more individual inputs 228A through 228N.
  • Such inputs can be mechanically- variable, such as can include using a slider 250, a rotary control 252, or a keypad 254.
  • the user-adjustable input 226 can include an analog input, such as a potentiometer, or a digital input such as an optically- coupled encoder or keypad, keyboard or touchscreen.
  • An indicator 240 can be included, such as to provide indicia of a selected illuminance and a selected color property.
  • the indicator 240 can be a passive indicator, such as a calibrated scale aligned with one or more user-adjustable inputs (e.g., as shown illustrative in FIGS.
  • the indicator 240 can be an electronic or digital display, and can even be located remotely as a portion of a separate apparatus and communicatively coupled to the processor circuit 220, such as using a communication circuit 260 (e.g., a wired or wireless networking circuit).
  • the indicator can provide a reading in a closed-loop manner, such as based on a photocell that directly measures the light output of the LED arrays.
  • the adjustable light source 204 can include LEDs or light sources, such as mention in an illustrative example above, and such having two (or more) color temperatures and two (or more) colors selectable or driven using separate circuits (e.g., using a drive circuit 230).
  • LEDs or light sources such as mention in an illustrative example above, and such having two (or more) color temperatures and two (or more) colors selectable or driven using separate circuits (e.g., using a drive circuit 230).
  • a configuration of LED arrays can be used to provide any color temperature light from about 2,700°K to about 6,500°K, such as by adjusting the relative output of the two color circuits or by rapidly toggling between the two color circuits using proportions of time specified on each circuit to establish the desired color temperature.
  • pulse width modulation can be used to drive one or more LEDs or LED arrays to achieve a desired duty cycle, such as to obtain a desired proportion of output from each of the available color temperature LEDs (or from a selected subset of the available LEDs).
  • hues can be generated by controlling the relative output of LEDs of different colors. For example, mixing light from red and green LEDs provides hues spanning the spectrum from red to green. Mixing red, green and blue LEDs provides hues covering most or all of the CIE color space. Tints may be generated by mixing a colored hue with white light. For example, 50% white and 50% colored light provides 50% tint; 67% white light and 33% colored light provides 67% tint. Such white light can be generated using white LEDs, or using a combination of red, green, and blue LEDs to generate a desired white light proportion. In the example of FIG.
  • the arrays can be arranged to illuminate an object at a "grazing" angle, such as specified to be greater than or equal to about 30° from the vertical (e.g., normal axis from a surface of the object), such as in order to reduce or minimize direct (e.g., specular) reflection off the chart to a patient.
  • a "grazing" angle such as specified to be greater than or equal to about 30° from the vertical (e.g., normal axis from a surface of the object), such as in order to reduce or minimize direct (e.g., specular) reflection off the chart to a patient.
  • Use of two LED arrays, such as symmetrically located, can provide even illumination of the chart.
  • LEDs for the adjustable light source 204 can provide a wide range of available illuminance, such as at least about 300 lux, or covering a specified adjustable range such as from about 50 to about 5000 lux.
  • the LED arrays can be about 150 cm in a long axis and placed approximately 6 cm laterally offset from a center line.
  • the LED arrays can be powered using a drive circuit 230, such as including an LM3410 LED driver circuit available from Texas Instruments (Dallas, Texas, United States of America). Pulse width modulation (PWM) can be used to vary the LED intensity.
  • PWM Pulse width modulation
  • a PWM frequency can be about 1 kiloHertz (kHz), and an illuminance can be adjustable and calibrated over a range of 50 to 5000 Lux.
  • the illuminance can be set by controlling a ratio of on-to-off time in the PWM pulse waveform. For example, if the LED has full power when the signal is high and no power when the signal is low, a 1 kHz pulse that is on for 0.9 milliseconds (msec) and off for 0.1 msec will provide 90% of maximum available intensity.
  • a processor or oscillator circuit can be used to generate the PWM signal.
  • a person conducting the exam e.g., a clinician
  • a photodetector can be used to monitor the illuminance and the person conducting the exam can read a monitored illuminance on a display.
  • an illuminance can be set using a desktop computer, laptop, tablet, or mobile device, such as having a user input including a touch screen display, a numeric keypad, or a keyboard, for example.
  • LEDs can each be monochromatic, such as having a color set by the peak wavelength of the LEDs, such as 527 nanometers (nm) (e.g., green) or 570 nm (e.g., yellow).
  • monochromatic LEDs having different wavelengths can be used in combination in order to provide adjustable hue, such as a selectable hue within as reference to a CIE color space.
  • monochromatic LEDs can be driven separately or in groups to enable variation of a color property such as hue or color temperature, across a selectable range.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates generally an example of at least a portion of a system 300, such as for evaluating visual acuity, or such as for providing a lighting recommendation.
  • the system 300 can include an apparatus 200, such as shown and described illustratively in other examples herein, such as FIGS. 1, 2, or 4A through 4D.
  • the apparatus 200 can be portable, hand-held, such as including a first processor circuit 220, a memory circuit 224, an adjustable light source 204, a user-adjustable input 226, and, in an example, a first communication circuit 260.
  • the first communication circuit 260 can be communicatively coupled to a second communication circuit 360, such as included as a portion of a second apparatus 370.
  • the second apparatus 370 can include a tablet, a mobile device, a desktop personal computer, or one or more other electronic devices.
  • the second apparatus 370 can include one or more of storage (342), such as a hard disk or non-volatile random access memory (RAM), a second processor circuit 320, a second memory circuit 324 (e.g., a dynamic or static RAM memory circuit), a display 340, and a user input 326 (e.g., a touch- sensitive screen, keypad, mouse, or other control).
  • storage such as a hard disk or non-volatile random access memory (RAM), a second processor circuit 320, a second memory circuit 324 (e.g., a dynamic or static RAM memory circuit), a display 340, and a user input 326 (e.g., a touch- sensitive screen, keypad, mouse, or other control).
  • RAM hard disk or non-volatile random access memory
  • second processor circuit 320 e.g., a dynamic or static RAM memory circuit
  • One or more of the first apparatus 200 or the second apparatus 370 can be communicatively coupled to the internet 380 or to another network of electronic devices.
  • the internet 380 can provide one or more repositories of data such as a database 390.
  • the database 390 can include information about specific lighting products or other information pertinent to providing a lighting recommendation to a patient.
  • a test of visual acuity versus illumination can be carried out using the first apparatus 200 alone, or under the control of the second apparatus 370, as described in other examples herein.
  • the second apparatus 370 can then provide a lighting recommendation based on results obtained from the evaluation of visual acuity.
  • the second apparatus 370 can perform a query of information available from the internet 380 including information obtained from the database 390, such as to generate a specific lighting recommendation for the patient, either to be provided directly to the patient or to a caregiver.
  • a query of information available from the internet 380 including information obtained from the database 390 such as to generate a specific lighting recommendation for the patient, either to be provided directly to the patient or to a caregiver.
  • User interfaces that can be presented to a user are shown illustratively in FIGS. 5A through 5C, such as can be presented using the display 340.
  • FIGS. 4A through 4D illustrate generally illustrative examples of views of a housing and input configuration for an apparatus 400, such as corresponding to the examples of FIGS. 1 or 2, and such as for evaluating visual acuity.
  • the apparatus 400 can include a housing 402, such as shown and described in other examples herein.
  • One or more adjustable light sources e.g., two arrays of light- emitting diodes in this illustrative example
  • a viewing aperture 406 can provide access for viewing of an object 41 OA or 410B under controlled illumination provided by the one or more adjustable light sources.
  • One or more user-adjustable inputs such as a first input 426A or a second input 426B can be used to adjust an illuminance or color property, for example, provided by the one or more adjustable light sources.
  • An indicator such as a first indicator 440A or a second indicator 440B can provide the user with feedback regarding a selected illuminance or color property.
  • the indicators can be passive (as shown in the examples of FIGS. 4A through 4D), or active, such as can include an electronic display.
  • the object can include one or more of text, an image, an eye chart, or a printed publication such as a newspaper or magazine (or excerpts thereof).
  • input 426A or 426B positions can be related to corresponding locations on indicators 440A or 440B, and such indications can be read as the output of the acuity determination.
  • a range 486A of selectable illuminance values can be provided to the user for selection via the first adjustable input 426A (e.g., a first slider).
  • a range of selectable color property values 486B can be provided to the user for selection via the second adjustable input 426B (e.g., a second slider).
  • the values shown on the indicators 440A or 440B can be calibrated, such as verified using a photodetector (e.g., in a closed-loop fashion), or through referral or comparison to one or more other standards.
  • second adjustment input 426B controls hue, and a property of the hue can be read on indicator 440B
  • first adjustment input 426A controls tint, and a property of tine can be read on indicator 440A.
  • results can be tabulated in terms of lux and color temperature in degrees Kelvin. Other units can be used.
  • results can be tabulated in in candelas/square meter and color temperature in degrees Kelvin.
  • a color temperature need not be varied, and results can be presented exclusively in terms of lux, foot-candles or candelas/square meter.
  • the results can be tabulated in units of luminance, such as candelas per square meter.
  • the illuminance can be converted or referred to the lumens required to yield a set illuminance at a specified distance, such as, illustratively, lumens at a distance of 1 meter into a cone with an apex angle of 90° that will provide 1500 lux at the surface.
  • Specification of lumens can be convenient because it can assist in generating a lighting recommendation in a form more easily related to commercially-available lighting products or fixtures.
  • illuminance specifications for one or more lighting devices or lighting products can be obtained or retrieved, and the illuminance providing best visual functon as obtained by the apparatus 400 can be converted to a prescription (e.g., a specific lighting product recommendation) such as including products that are capable of providing the prescribed illuminance level.
  • a lighting recommendation can also include a configuration for the source, such as a lighting angle or distance from a work surface.
  • the apparatus 400 can include a processor circuit or embedded processing system, such as an AVR ATTiny860 (Atmel, USA).
  • the embedded processing system can include a communication circuit, such as a Bluetooth communication circuit for communication with a remote device such as a tablet, mobile device, or desktop personal computer.
  • a clinician could use the remote device to one or more of set the illuminance or color property of the apparatus 400, trigger or enable the illumination of the object 410A or 410B by the apparatus 400, record patient responses, graph results, or store the results in a patient record.
  • the apparatus 400 can be used as an element in a system or process to one or more of measure visual acuity under various lighting conditions, prescribe lighting (e.g., providing a lighting recommendation), and even dispense lighting (e.g., by providing a specific lighting product, a specific lighting product
  • a lighting product delivers illumination that can be defined such as by the illuminance offered at a certain distance (typically in units of lux or foot-candles).
  • the illuminance can be converted to luminance (typically in units of candelas per square meter), related by the reflectance of the surface, such as the page being read.
  • a lighting product generally also provides certain color properties. For example, for "white” light, a color temperature can be used to characterize the light. For colored light, hue or color can be specified (e.g., red, orange, yellow, green, or blue, as illustrative examples) or wavelength (e.g., 527 or 630 nanometers).
  • an acuity of a patient with a bright light source is compared to acuity with a less bright source.
  • the acuity as a function of illuminance and color can be measured.
  • the patient might also report the color and illuminance that provides the greatest comfort. It is then possible to determine one or more of an illuminance or color property at which improved reading acuity is obtained while maintaining a level of comfort that allows the patient to conduct near tasks such as reading.
  • a lighting recommendation can include providing prescriptions corresponding to different contrast levels, and can be used to establish different recommendations for lighting depending on the contrast. This is important, as people who need greater illumination may also have reduced contrast sensitivity.
  • the apparatus 400 shown illustratively in FIGS. 4A through 4D or described in examples elsewhere herein can be used to rapidly screen through a selectable range of available illumination parameters, such as establishing one or more of a calibrated illuminance or color property.
  • FIGS. 5A through 5C illustrate generally illustrative examples of user interfaces that can be used to one or more of present information to a user such as for providing a lighting recommendation, or receive input from the user.
  • a system can be used to obtain information about lighting helpful for a patient, such as by gauging a response of the patient (e.g., reading acuity) versus one or more of illuminance or a color property of light. Such evaluation can be used to generate a lighting recommendation.
  • Such a recommendation can include one or more of a recommended illuminance (e.g., a value or range of illuminances), a recommended lighting technology (e.g., fluorescent, halogen, LED, incandescent), a recommended distance between a lighting device and a work surface, a recommended color property (e.g., color temperature or hue), a recommended wattage, a recommended lumen output, or a recommended lighting fixture (e.g., desk lamp, floor lamp, task light, or ceiling-mounted fixture).
  • a recommended illuminance e.g., a value or range of illuminances
  • a recommended lighting technology e.g., fluorescent, halogen, LED, incandescent
  • a recommended distance between a lighting device and a work surface e.g., a recommended color property (e.g., color temperature or hue)
  • a recommended wattage e.g., a recommended wattage
  • a recommended lumen output e.g.,
  • the lighting recommendation can include determining, using a database communicatively coupled to the system or included as a portion of the system, a recommendation for a specific lighting product, such as including a position of the specific lighting product with respect to an illuminated surface.
  • the lighting recommendation e.g., "prescription”
  • the system can even generate an order or authorization for purchase of a recommended lighting product based on user input.
  • the user interfaces shown in FIGS. 5A through 5C can be presented using a tablet, mobile device, or desktop personal computer, for example, such as running an application or using a web browser or other runtime environment to access such interfaces.
  • an illustrative example of a user interface 500A can include one or more inputs, such as a menu bar 586 to receive a user input to save, print, or refresh a database of available lighting products.
  • This block can also include a control to trigger generation of an e-mail containing the contents of the page in, for example, Portable Document Format, or trigger generation of a report containing information presented on the page in some other specific format.
  • a profile block 592 can be used to identify one or more of a caregiver, a patient, or selected characteristics of the patient such as glare sensitivity or a desired working distance between the patient and an object being illuminated.
  • the recommendation block 594 can be used to identify one or more of an illuminance (e.g., lux) or a color property (e.g., color temperature or hue, such as green).
  • a user input e.g., "dispense”
  • a particular recommendation be generated for a patient such as causing the system to send a notification to a patient or lighting supplier, or allowing the patient or another user to browse available lighting products corresponding to the recommendation.
  • An intended use of the lighting can be specified such as using the Intended Use block 596.
  • the blocks 592, 594, or 596 can be used to one or more of present information to a user (e.g., a caregiver), or receive information from the user.
  • buttons or indicators can be provided, such as a control to "dispense” lamps 588 (e.g., triggering providing a specific lighting product recommendation), or launching a separate menu or application to aid in selecting a lighting product using information about the lighting recommendation from the recommendation block 594 using a control 590.
  • a control to "dispense” lamps 588 e.g., triggering providing a specific lighting product recommendation
  • launching a separate menu or application to aid in selecting a lighting product using information about the lighting recommendation from the recommendation block 594 using a control 590.
  • FIG. 5B illustrates generally a user interface 500B that can include a menu block 586, such as shown in FIG. 5A, and a profile block 592, such as identifying one or more of a caregiver, a patient, or information relating to a lighting recommendation (e.g., a "prescription").
  • Information included in the lighting recommendation can be used to identify specific lighting products for presentation to a user.
  • a lighting product 582 can be identified, such as having a recommended lighting technology, recommended lighting distance, recommended color property, recommended lumen output, recommended wattage, or recommended lighting fixture style that corresponds to the lighting recommendation.
  • the specific lighting product recommendation can include information about at least one of a lighting manufacturer, a lighting vendor, a product identification, or a price.
  • a user e.g., a patient or clinician
  • the user or clinician can provide an input to a system including specifying the lighting application or use (such as reading, fine work, cooking, sewing), and one or more other parameters such as whether the patient prefers fixed or portable lighting, whether the fixture is a task light or floor lamp, how much time the patient plans to use the light per day, or what the patient is willing or able to pay.
  • a database of lighting products can be queried to receive information about products that conform to or are similar to constraints provided by the user, such as to meet patient preferences while also using information about a lighting recommendation in the form of prescribed illuminance or color property.
  • the database can be stored or maintained locally by a caregiver or caregiver network, or the database can include one or more commercial or internet-accessible databases of products.
  • the database need not be restricted to products available for purchase.
  • a database can be used including an array of donated products, or products that can be selected and given to the patient such as subsidized or provided by another entity.
  • one or more databases of lamp fixtures that provide a range of illuminance and colors can be queried.
  • one fixture may provide 1500 lux at a working distance of 12", another may provide 1500 lux at a working distance of 8", and others may provide 1500 lux at working distances of 9" and 14".
  • one product may have a color temperature of 2700°K, another 5200°K, and another 6500°K.
  • the database may provide information about lighting products including task lamps, portable lights, and floor-mounted lights. In this manner, the prescription and user preferences may be used to select fixtures in the database that are more likely to meet patient needs, such as after screening of the patient to identify one or more of a specified illuminance or color property using the apparatus of FIGS. 1, 2, or 4A through 4D.
  • each lamp may be measured for its illuminance in lux versus the distance to the work surface.
  • one lamp may have a flexible head spanning a distance of 10.5" to 16". At 10.5", the illuminance is measured as 2350 lux, at 12" the illuminance is measured as 1780 lux, at 14" the illuminance is measured as 1350 lux, and at 16" the illuminance is measured as 1000 lux.
  • 10.5" the illuminance is measured as 2350 lux
  • the illuminance is measured as 1780 lux
  • the illuminance is measured as 1350 lux
  • the illuminance is measured as 1000 lux.
  • the database can be queried for all lamps that provide the specified illuminance within their working distance, and the quadratic fit can be used to determine the correct working distance for that lamp.
  • Other fitting techniques, or look-up tables, can be used in addition to or instead of the quadratic technique mentioned above.
  • the database can include information based on manufacturer specifications of lighting fixtures, such as a database maintained or provided by a retailer or lighting manufacturer, or using information provided by a retailer or lighting manufacturer.
  • lighting products can be independently tested, such as to objectively determine one or more of their illuminance or color properties, and the lighting products identified in the database can include products having been tested or qualified according to such measurements, as mentioned above.
  • the lighting products identified in the database are commercially available, so the patient can purchase them.
  • a specified lighting product is available from the vision practitioner that provides the lighting recommendation (e.g., "prescription").
  • the specified lighting product can be available as identified such as using a user interface similar to interface shown in FIG. 5B, illustratively.
  • FIG. 5C illustrates generally a user interface 500C that can include a menu block 586, such as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, and a profile block 592, such as identifying one or more of a clinician, a patient, or information relating to a lighting recommendation (e.g., a "prescription").
  • a first sliding control 578 can be used to input a distance from a lighting device to a work surface.
  • a second sliding control 576 can be used to select a lumen output of a bulb, such as having a lumen recommendation determined using illuminance information from the lighting recommendation.
  • Inputs such as estimated daily use duration 574 for the lighting device and an electrical rate 572 can be received from user, or values can be automatically determined such as using statistical or geographical information.
  • the user can identify bulbs from a choice of lighting technologies (e.g., compact fluorescent lamp, LED, halogen, or incandescent bulb) that might best meet the lighting recommendation.
  • Assumptions can be stored and used in order to provide the lighting technique, such as information stored about a cone angle and internal reflectance of a lighting product (e.g., a light fixture), or a bulb shape.
  • An output block 568 can provide an estimate of annual electric cost based on the electric rate 572 (such as a rate determined using information about the user's zip code) and the expected duration of use per day 574.
  • An estimate of the electricity usage of a lighting device can be determined using published or typical efficiency of the source, such as specified terms of lumens per watt dissipated, the usage duration per year, and the cost of electricity.
  • a 1000 lumen LED source might have an efficiency of 100 lumens per watt, for a power usage of 10 watts. Assuming 1 hour use per day, or 365 hours per year, the power used is about 3.65 kilowatt-hours (kWhr). At a rate of 10 cents per kWhr, the cost per year can be estimated as 36.5 cents.
  • lighting products such as fixtures can be rated for illuminance at a specified distance, such as 16 inches.
  • a lamp illuminance can then scaled by a formula to determine illuminance as a function of distance.
  • each lighting product e.g., lamp or fixture style
  • a scaling relation can be used universally across different lightings products. For example, a quadratic dependence on distance can be applied, so that, in an illustrative example, a lamp providing 1000 lux at 16 inches can be assumed to provide 4000 lux at 8 inches and 250 lux at 32 inches, as described in detail according to another example, above.
  • a scaling technique can be used to provide a recommended distance between a recommended lighting product (e.g, a lamp or fixture) and a work surface, based on a lighting recommendation including an illuminance prescription.
  • a recommended lighting product e.g, a lamp or fixture
  • Other techniques can be used to aid in identifying candidate lighting products.
  • a prescribed color temperature need not correspond to a commercially available value.
  • products having nearby values can be presented.
  • a range about the prescribed value can be used, such as ⁇ 500°K, so that for a prescription of 5200°K, a recommendation can be presented for products having a range of 4700°K to 5900°K.
  • the interface 500C of FIG. 5C can be useful in cases where a user (e.g., a patient) wishes to change a bulb within an existing fixture to meet a lighting recommendation.
  • a user e.g., a patient
  • the view of FIG. 5C can be used to relate a common commercial rating of a bulb - output in lumens or color temperature - to the prescription.
  • An analytical technique can be used to relate lumen output to illuminance, such as using an approximation to estimate lumen output.
  • a lumen estimation technique can include an assumption that the fixture or lighting device emits a cone of light with an apex angle such as 90° or 120°.
  • the light can then be assumed to uniformly illuminate a circle defined by the intersection of the cone of emitted light and the work surface, which has a radius that can be represented by (distance between light and work surface) x tan(apex angle / 2), and an area of pi x (radius) 2 .
  • a fixture or lighting device can be assumed to have a gain given by the fraction of light the fixture reflects back into the cone.
  • the illuminance in lux can be represented by an expression: [(output in lumens) x gain]/ (area of circle in square meters).
  • More sophisticated techniques can be used to provide for other source geometries, such as linear sources (e.g., fluorescent tubes), in which case the intersection area with the work surface may be a shape such as an ellipse, rectangular area, parallelogram, or other shape, and such techniques can account for a uniformity distribution at the work surface.
  • the gain and cone angle can include assumed typical values, because lighting fixtures can vary widely.
  • values may be found by matching the results of an anlytical model to an illuminance measured for a generally available lamp, such as a common gooseneck desk lamp.
  • the user can input desired lamp parameters that may be used in the model.
  • more than one result or recommendation can be provided, such as with each result corresponding to a different set of lamp parameters used for the model.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates generally a technique 600, such as a method, that can include establishing a calibrated illuminance of an object according to a user input, such as for evaluating visual acuity.
  • a calibrated illuminance can be established, such as illuminating an object.
  • the calibrated illuminance can be established according to user input, as shown and described in other examples herein, such as using apparatus shown above in the examples of FIGS. 1, 2, or FIGS. 4A through 4D, for example.
  • the calibrated illuminance can be adjusted, such as sweeping manually or automatically through a range of selectable values.
  • Visual function information such as acuity, can be obtained using a variety of techniques.
  • a user e.g., examiner, clinician
  • the illuminance can then be increased and the smallest characters that can be read are again recorded. This can be repeated as many times as the examiner wishes (e.g., for two levels of illuminance, three levels, four levels, or more).
  • the examiner can begin at a low level of illuminance and asks the subject to read the smallest possible line. The illuminance can then progressively increased, and the subject can report each time it is possible to read a progressively smaller line, until the maximum illuminance is reached.
  • a person conducting the exam can obtain an objective and quantified recording of visual performance versus illuminance.
  • Many other approaches can be used, such as asking the patient to manually adjust one or more of the illuminance or a color property until the patient achieves a desired level of acuity, either viewing text or another object such as a photograph.
  • the illuminance provide such desired acuity can be indicated, such as read off the apparatus or provided at a remote device and obtained from the apparatus digitally.
  • a lighting recommendation can be generating using information about the illuminance providing the desired acuity (e.g., a
  • a specific lighting product or selection of products can be recommended, such as by presenting one or more available lighting products to a user for review.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates generally a technique 700, such as a method, that can include generating illumination having at least one of a calibrated hue or a calibrated tint according to a user input. While the examples described above focus generally on providing a lighting recommendation, such as using information about an illuminance or color property, the apparatus and techniques described herein can also be used for evaluation of illumination to emulate tinted lenses, such as to aiding in prescribing such lenses.
  • the aperture 106 of the apparatus of FIG. 1 can provide a rectangular field of view of dimensions on the order of about 7 cm by about 18 cm wide. Two bars of LEDs can span the long edges of the aperture
  • each LED bar can include 6 each of white LEDs with color temperatures of 6500°K and 2700°K, 6 red LEDs (625 nm) and 6 green LEDs (527 nm). Adjusting the relative brightness of the red and green LEDs enables varying the perceived color between red and green. Hues corresponding to the colors between red and green can also be generated when these two colors are mixed, following a line connecting the 527 nm and 625 nm points on the edge of a color space. In various operational modes, one or more of the white LEDs and the red and green LEDs can both be enabled.
  • adjusting the relative brightness of the white LEDs enables varying the color temperature in the field of view between about 2700 and 6500°K or a specified tint can be established by mixing output from one or more of the white LEDs with an output from one or more of the colored LEDs.
  • illumination can be generated having at least one of a calibrated hue or a calibrated tint according to a user input.
  • a specified tint can be established using white light with colored light added. This simulates the effect of illuminating the field of view with white light and viewing it through tinted lenses.
  • a white light illuminance and color temperature can be established, as in other examples herein, such as at 2000 lux and 5000°K.
  • colored light can be added.
  • Red colored light can be added for example at an illuminance of 500 lux (25%) or 200 lux (10%), such as to simulate pink tinted lenses.
  • Green colored light for example, can be added at an illuminance of 667 lux (33%), such as to simulate green tinted lenses.
  • the relative illuminance of the white and colored light establishes the tint, and the hue generally refers to the color of the lenses.
  • the test apparatus can include a configuration similar to other examples herein (e.g., FIGS. 1, 2, or 4A through 4D), but the can include two controls, one for tint and one for hue. These controls may be, for example, slide potentiometers or encoders. The scale on the controls may be read to determine depth of tint and hue. For example, 10% depth of tint can correspond to a colored light illuminance equal to 10% of the white light illuminance (e.g., 200 lux colored and 2000 lux white).
  • the hue can correspond to the position in the CIE color space. For example, an orange-yellow hue corresponds to 575 nm, or about 50% red and 50% green.
  • the system can be connected to another device that can control the tint and hue, such as providing an indication of the selected or controlled values (e.g., such as having a system topology similar to FIG. 3).
  • the controlling device can include a table matching the hue and ratio of colored to white light to commercially available lenses, and information can be generated such as hue, a ratio of colored to white light (depth of tint), and a specification for a commercially available tinted lens matching these values, for presentation or transmission to a user.
  • a doctor can use one system and a lens supplier can used a second system.
  • the doctor can measure a particular value of color and tint specified, for example, as a wavelength in nanometers and tint fraction in percent.
  • the doctor can provide these values to the lens manufacturer, who can then set a second system to these values, such as providing a reference illumination to match the tinted lenses against.
  • the test apparatus can include yellow LEDs.
  • monochromatic LEDs such as red, green, orange, yellow can be used as colored sources.
  • LED light bars can be used to emit three colors of light: blue; red; and green.
  • the relative intensity of the three colors can be controlled to generate a perceived tint, such as using color coordinates near a center of a CIE color space for high percentage tints, or near the edge of the CIE color space for low percentage tints.
  • illumination can be adjusted to provide a desired acuity or visual function.
  • a patient can be presented with comparisons of two illuminances and asked to select the most desirable value. The chosen value can then compared to another value. This process is repeated either manually or under automatically-controlled iteration until desired hue or tint values are identified.
  • a range of available hue or tint values can be constrained such as to better match commercially-available tinted lenses.
  • Information about a patient visual acuity or visual function under various hue or tint values can be used to provide a recommendation, such as a tinted lens prescription at 706.
  • the technique 700 is advantageous because the patient comparison of various hues or tints can be done quickly without changing glasses or filters, the hue or tint can be adjusted to match changing availability or specification of tinted lenses without the cost of obtaining sample lenses or filters.
  • Example 1 can include or use subject matter (such as an apparatus, a method, a means for performing acts, or a device readable medium including instructions that, when performed by the device, can cause the device to perform acts), such as can include or use a system to evaluate illumination for a patient, comprising a housing, an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to the housing and configured to illuminate an object for viewing by the patient on an axis substantially perpendicular to a surface of the object, a user-adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source, the user-adjustable input configured to obtain information from a user indicative of a calibrated illuminance and a color property to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable illuminance and color properties selectable by the user, and an indicator configured to provide indicia of a selected illuminance and a selected color property to the user.
  • subject matter such as an apparatus, a method, a means for performing acts, or a device readable medium including instructions that, when performed by the device, can cause
  • the adjustable light source is configured to provide light having an illuminance in excess of 300 lux
  • the housing is configured to provide a first specified distance between the adjustable light source and the object for viewing, and to obstruct viewing of the light source directly by the patient
  • the calibrated illuminance is established at least in part using the specified distance provided by the housing.
  • Example 2 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 1, to optionally include a calibrated illuminance and color property that are independently adjustable.
  • Example 3 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 or 2 to optionally include a housing comprising a viewing aperture sized and shaped such that the illuminated object is visible to the user on an axis substantially perpendicular to the surface of the object, and through which ambient light, when present, also illuminates the object.
  • Example 4 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 3 to optionally include an object comprising a planar object having text.
  • Example 5 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 4 to optionally include an adjustable light source including two or more physically separated arrays of light- emitting devices.
  • Example 6 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 5, to optionally include two or more physically separated arrays of light-emitting devices are arranged in a symmetric manner to provide uniform illumination of the object.
  • Example 7 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 6 to optionally include an adjustable light source comprising one or more arrays of light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • Example 8 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 7 to optionally include an adjustable light source comprising colored light- emitting diodes (LEDs), where the color property includes a hue.
  • LEDs colored light- emitting diodes
  • Example 9 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 8 to optionally include an adjustable light source comprises light-emitting diodes (LEDs) having different color temperatures, and the color property includes a color temperature.
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • Example 10 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 9, to optionally include an adjustable light source configured to establish a selected color temperature by mixing outputs from the LEDs having different color temperatures.
  • Example 1 1 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 10, to optionally include colored LEDs including red and green LEDs.
  • Example 12 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 1 1 to optionally include user-adjustable inputs and indicators comprising independent user inputs for the calibrated illuminance and color property and corresponding indicators.
  • Example 13 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 12 to optionally include a user-adjustable input that is mechanically variable including providing a linear or rotary motion corresponding to a range of selectable values.
  • Example 14 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 13, to optionally include an indicator comprising a calibrated scale of units aligned with the mechanically- variable user-adjustable input, where a position of the mechanically-variable user-adjustable input along the calibrated scale provides an indicium of the calibrated illuminance or color property.
  • Example 15 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 14 to optionally include a user-adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source including inputs to receive information indicative of a selected hue and a selected tint from the user.
  • Example 16 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 15, to optionally include an adjustable light source comprising colored light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and white LEDs, where the adjustable light source is configured to establish a specified tint using mixing of light output from the colored light emitting diodes and the white LEDs.
  • Example 17 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 15 or 16 to optionally include an object comprising a printed medium or photograph including a color image.
  • Example 18 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 17 to optionally include a housing, adjustable light source, user-adjustable input, and indicator comprising a hand-held portable assembly.
  • Example 19 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 18 to optionally include an adjustable light source configured to provide illumination of the object from an axis off-vertical.
  • Example 20 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 19 to include, subject matter (such as an apparatus, a method, a means for performing acts, or a machine readable medium including instructions that, when performed by the machine, that can cause the machine to perform acts), such as can include illuminating an object for viewing by a patient using an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to a housing, the adjustable light source coupled to a user- adjustable input, the input to obtain information from a user indicative of a calibrated illuminance and a color property to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable illuminance and color properties selectable by the user, receiving information indicative of a selected illuminance and a selected color property, and using the received information, determining a lighting recommendation for presentation to the user, where the adjustable light source is configured to provide light having an illuminance in excess of 300 lux and where the housing is configured to provide a first specified distance between the adjustable light source and the object for viewing, and to ob
  • Example 21 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 20 to optionally include a lighting recommendation comprising at least one of a recommended lighting technology, a recommended lighting distance, a recommended color property, a recommended lumen output, a recommended wattage, or a recommended lighting fixture.
  • Example 22 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 21 to optionally include determining, using a database communicatively coupled to at least one processor circuit, a recommendation for one or more of a specific lighting product or a position of the specific lighting product with respect to an illuminated surface.
  • Example 23 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 21 through 22 to optionally include determining using a database communicatively coupled to at least one processor circuit, a recommendation for a specific lighting product, using information about at least one of the recommended lighting technology, the recommended lighting distance, the recommended color property, the recommended lumen output, the recommended wattage, or the recommended lighting fixture.
  • Example 24 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 23 to optionally include a specific lighting product recommendation comprising information about at least one of a lighting manufacturer, a lighting vendor, a product identification, or a price.
  • Example 25 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or more of Examples 23 or 24 to optionally include a specific lighting product recommendation determined automatically at least in part using an analytical model, the analytical model including information about a distance of the lighting product from a work surface to be illuminated.
  • Example 26 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 23 or 24 to optionally include receiving an indication from a user to execute a purchase of the specific lighting product.
  • Example 27 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 23 through 26 to optionally include determining an estimate of an operating cost of the specific lighting product for presentation to a user.
  • Example 28 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 23 through 27 to optionally include receiving information indicative of the selected hue and the selected tint, and determining a tinted lens recommendation using the received information.
  • Example 29 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 23 to optionally include providing the information indicative of the selected hue and the selected tint to a tinted lens provider for use in selecting or fabricating tinted lenses corresponding to the tinted lens recommendation.
  • Example 30 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 23 or 24 to optionally include providing the information indicative of the selected hue and the selected tint to a tinted lens provider for use in verifying that tinted lenses to be provided correspond to the tinted lens recommendation.
  • Example 31 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 30 to include, subject matter (such as an apparatus, a method, a means for performing acts, or a machine readable medium including instructions that, when performed by the machine, that can cause the machine to perform acts), such as can include a housing, an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to the housing and configured to illuminate an object for viewing by the patient on an axis substantially perpendicular to a surface of the object, a user-adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source, the user-adjustable input configured to obtain information from a user indicative of a calibrated illuminance and a color property to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable illuminance and color temperature selectable by the user, and an indicator configured to provide indicia of a selected illuminance and a selected color temperature to the user, where the adjustable light source is configured to provide light having a calibrated illuminance adjustable across a range at least including 50 lux to
  • Example 32 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 30 to include, subject matter (such as an apparatus, a method, a means for performing acts, or a machine readable medium including instructions that, when performed by the machine, that can cause the machine to perform acts), such as can include or use a system to evaluate a color property for a lens for a patient by using adjustable illumination to emulate the color property of a prescribed lens, the system comprising a housing, an adjustable light source mechanically coupled to the housing and configured to illuminate an object for viewing by the patient on an axis substantially perpendicular to a surface of the object, a user-adjustable input coupled to the adjustable light source, the user-adjustable input configured to obtain information from a user indicative of a hue and a tint to be provided by the adjustable light source including providing a range of adjustable hue and tint values selectable by the user, an indicator configured to provide indicia of a selected hue and a selected tint to the user, where the adjustable light source is configured
  • Example 33 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 32 to optionally an adjustable light source including colored light- emitting diodes (LEDs) and white LEDs, where the adjustable light source is configured to establish a specified tint using mixing of light output from the colored light emitting diodes and the white LEDs.
  • an adjustable light source including colored light- emitting diodes (LEDs) and white LEDs
  • the adjustable light source is configured to establish a specified tint using mixing of light output from the colored light emitting diodes and the white LEDs.
  • Example 34 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 32 or 33 to optionally include an adjustable light source comprising colored light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and the hue is established by mixing light outputs from the colored LEDs.
  • LEDs colored light-emitting diodes
  • Example 35 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of Example 34 to optionally include colored LEDs comprising red and green LEDs.
  • Example 36 can include, or can optionally be combined with the subject matter of one or any combination of Examples 1 through 35 to optionally include providing a selected hue and tint to a tinted lens provider for duplication of the hue and tint for use as a reference.
  • Method examples described herein can be machine or computer- implemented at least in part. Some examples can include a computer-readable medium or machine-readable medium encoded with instructions operable to configure an electronic device to perform methods as described in the above examples.
  • An implementation of such methods can include code, such as microcode, assembly language code, a higher-level language code, or the like. Such code can include computer readable instructions for performing various methods. The code may form portions of computer program products. Further, in an example, the code can be tangibly stored on one or more volatile, non- transitory, or non-volatile tangible computer-readable media, such as during execution or at other times.
  • Examples of these tangible computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, hard disks, removable magnetic disks, removable optical disks (e.g., compact disks and digital video disks), magnetic cassettes, memory cards or sticks, random access memories (RAMs), read only memories (ROMs), and the like.

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Abstract

L'éclairement peut être évalué pour un patient en utilisant un système incluant un boîtier, une source de lumière réglable couplée mécaniquement au boîtier et configurée pour éclairer un objet pour la visualisation par le patient sur un axe pratiquement perpendiculaire à une surface de l'objet. Une entrée réglable par l'utilisateur couplée à la source de lumière réglable est destinée à obtenir l'information d'un utilisateur indicatrice d'un éclairement calibré et d'une propriété de couleur à fournir par la source de lumière réglable incluant une gamme de propriétés d'éclairement et de couleurs réglables sélectionnable par l'utilisateur. La source de lumière réglable peut être configurée pour fournir une lumière ayant un éclairement de plus de 300 lux, et le boîtier peut être configuré pour fournir une première distance spécifiée entre la source de lumière réglable et l'objet à visualiser et pour obstruer la visualisation de la source de lumière directement par le patient.
PCT/US2014/050738 2013-08-13 2014-08-12 Evaluation de l'éclairement ou recommandation utilisant la fonction visuelle WO2015023676A1 (fr)

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US201361883380P 2013-09-27 2013-09-27
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US201361891406P 2013-10-16 2013-10-16
US61/891,406 2013-10-16
US201361921625P 2013-12-30 2013-12-30
US61/921,625 2013-12-30
US201461933282P 2014-01-29 2014-01-29
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US9820643B2 (en) 2013-08-13 2017-11-21 Jasper Ridge Inc. Illumination evaluation or recommendation using visual function
US10702141B2 (en) 2013-09-02 2020-07-07 Ocuspecto Oy Automated perimeter

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US10702141B2 (en) 2013-09-02 2020-07-07 Ocuspecto Oy Automated perimeter
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