WO2015021760A1 - Turbonator-based cooled water treatment system - Google Patents

Turbonator-based cooled water treatment system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015021760A1
WO2015021760A1 PCT/CN2014/072117 CN2014072117W WO2015021760A1 WO 2015021760 A1 WO2015021760 A1 WO 2015021760A1 CN 2014072117 W CN2014072117 W CN 2014072117W WO 2015021760 A1 WO2015021760 A1 WO 2015021760A1
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Prior art keywords
condenser
boiler
steam
water
heat
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PCT/CN2014/072117
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曲卫晶
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天津市万泽电子系统控制技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2015021760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015021760A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
    • F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of steam turbine generators, in particular to a cooling water treatment system based on a steam turbine generator. Background technique
  • the conversion of 5500 kcal thermal coal is 19,100 tons/year. According to the factory tax price of 650 yuan/ton, the value is 12.42 million yuan. At the same time, 10 million tons of cooling water is evaporated into the atmosphere through the cooling tower every year. Calculated at 2 yuan / ton, the value is 0.2 billion yuan. It can be seen that a lot of heat and water resources are wasted.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to propose a cooling water treatment system based on a steam generator with reasonable design, energy saving and environmental protection.
  • a steam turbine generator-based cooling water treatment system includes a boiler, a steam turbine generator and a steam condenser connected in series, and a heat exchanger is installed between the steam condenser and the boiler, and the steam condenser is steamed
  • the steam generated by the wheel generator is converted into cooling water and then enters the evaporator of the heat pump system, and the evaporator outputs the low temperature cooling water to enter the steam condenser again, and the evaporator is connected to the condenser through the heat pump unit, and the high temperature generated by the condenser
  • the water enters the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger outputs high-temperature water into the condenser after heat exchange, and the high-temperature water outputted by the heat exchanger is returned to the boiler for recycling.
  • the utility model designs the cooling water circulation and the heat exchange water circulation as independent closed circuit circulation systems, and adopts a heat pump
  • the system replaces the original cooling tower, does not discharge heat and water into the atmosphere, but makes full use of these heat and water resources, saving a lot of energy; at the same time in the boiler-turbine generator-steam condenser circulation system Adding a heat exchanger before the boiler enters the water increases the inlet temperature of the boiler, reduces the fuel consumption of the boiler, and reduces the production cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the connection of a conventional steam turbine generator water treatment system
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the system connection of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a thermal system diagram of the existing 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator set
  • Figure 4 is a thermal system diagram of the modified 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator set.
  • a cooling water treatment system based on a steam turbine generator includes a boiler, a steam turbine generator, a steam condenser, an evaporator, a heat pump unit, a condenser, and a heat exchanger.
  • the high temperature and high pressure steam generated by the boiler burning the fuel coal is output to the steam turbine generator, and the steam generated by the steam turbine generator (about 42 ° C) enters the steam condenser, and the steam condenser is connected to the boiler through the heat exchanger.
  • the steam condenser converts the 42 ° C steam generated by the steam turbine generator into 42 ° C cooling water and then enters the evaporator of the heat pump system, and the evaporator outputs 32 ° C cooling water to enter the steam condenser again, and the evaporation
  • the heat pump unit is connected to the condenser, and the high temperature water (67 ° C) generated by the condenser enters the heat exchanger. After the heat exchange, the heat exchanger outputs 62 ° C high temperature water to enter the condenser to form a thermal cycle system. At the same time, the 62 ° C high temperature water output from the heat exchanger is returned to the boiler for recycling.
  • the steam condenser can convert the 42 ° C steam generated by the generator into 42 ° C cooling water to ensure the generator system maintains normal operation.
  • the heat pump system evaporator, heat pump unit, condenser
  • the cooling water can carry all the heat that is converted into water, and the cooling water is returned to the heat pump system for cooling and recycling.
  • the cooling water is in the heat pump.
  • the heat is released from the system, the heat pump heats up the temperature, and the low temperature water treated by the steam condenser exchanges heat.
  • the heat that converts the steam into water is returned to the power generation system for reuse; the boiler inlet water temperature is increased, and the boiler fuel is lowered. Dosage.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the existing 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator thermal system and a set of dynamic operating parameters.
  • the heat released by the steam after the work is converted into liquid water by the condenser is carried by the cooling water to the cooling tower. In the atmosphere, water is also discharged, and the system needs to be replenished with cooling water at any time.
  • Figure 4 is a modified 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator thermal system and a set of dynamic operating parameters.
  • the heat pump unit is used instead of the original cooling water system, and the cooling tower is removed.
  • the heat released in the condenser is returned to the steam turbine generator set heat system via the heat pump and heat exchanger, and the heat energy is recycled without the heat and water being released to the atmosphere.
  • the utility model can greatly save energy, and is explained from the following aspects:
  • the amount of heat discharged into the atmosphere can be used as part of 15,000 tons of standard medium, which is calculated according to the current market price of 5500 kcal thermal coal, which is 12.42 million yuan.
  • the cooling water discharged into the atmosphere is calculated at the current market price, and the cost is 20 million yuan.
  • the total energy saving cost is 32.42 million yuan.
  • the heat pump system requires electricity of 300.5 million kW-h per year.
  • the total operating cost is 14 million yuan / year.
  • the heat pump system needs electricity.
  • the power consumption can be calculated by the energy efficiency ratio.
  • the energy efficiency ratio of 1:4 is calculated, and the annual heat consumption is 120.94 million kW.
  • the heat consumption of h needs 0.305 billion kW.
  • the self-use electricity of the power plant is calculated according to the electricity price of the grid of 0.46 yuan / kW'h, and the annual cost is 0.14 billion yuan.
  • the total amount of heat and water resources discharged into the atmosphere each year is 0.3242 billion yuan, and the operating cost of using the heat pump system is only 43% of this cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

A turbonator-based cooled water treatment system comprises a boiler, a turbonator and a steam condenser all connected together in sequence. A heat exchanger is disposed between the steam condenser and the boiler. The steam condenser converts steam generated by the turbonator into cooled water and then conveying the cooled water to an evaporator of a heat pump system. Low-temperature cooled water output by the evaporator is conveyed to the steam condenser again. The evaporator is connected to the condenser by means of a heat pump set. High-temperature water generated by the condenser is conveyed into the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger undergoes heat exchange and outputs high-temperature water to the condenser, and the high-temperature water output by the heat exchanger is returned to the boiler to be recycled and reused. In the cooled water treatment system, the heat pump system is used to replace an original cooling tower, so that heat and water are not discharged to the atmosphere, thereby saving a great amount of energy; in addition, the heat exchanger is additionally disposed ahead the water inlet of the boiler, thereby improving the water inlet temperature of the boiler, reducing the fuel consumption of the boiler, the reducing the production cost.

Description

一种基于汽轮发电机的冷却水处理系统 技术领域  Cooling water treatment system based on steam turbine generator
本发明属于汽轮发电机技术领域， 尤其是一种基于汽轮发电机的冷却水处理系统。 背景技术  The invention belongs to the technical field of steam turbine generators, in particular to a cooling water treatment system based on a steam turbine generator. Background technique
目前， 发电厂普遍采用汽轮发电机系统进行发电， 如图 1所示， 在汽轮机完成做工后 产生的蒸汽通过蒸汽冷凝器成为液态水， 释放出热量， 这个热量由冷却水带入冷却塔并通 过喷淋排入大气， 同时产生的水蒸气也部分蒸发到大气中， 需要不断补充冷却水。 在上述 过程中造成大量的热能及水资源的浪费。 以一个 1200MW 的燃煤发电站为例， 每小时有 600吨的 42°C蒸汽通过蒸汽冷凝器转化为 42°C的液态水，按闭路循环蒸汽转化为水的焓值 取 20 kcal/kg, 其释放出的热量为：  At present, power plants generally use a steam turbine generator system for power generation. As shown in Figure 1, the steam generated after the steam turbine is finished working becomes liquid water through the steam condenser, releasing heat, which is carried by the cooling water into the cooling tower. It is discharged into the atmosphere by spraying, and the generated water vapor is also partially evaporated into the atmosphere, and it is necessary to continuously replenish the cooling water. In the above process, a large amount of heat and water is wasted. Taking a 1200 MW coal-fired power station as an example, 600 tons of 42 ° C steam per hour is converted into 42 ° C liquid water by a steam condenser, and the depreciation of closed-circuit steam into water is 20 kcal/kg. The heat it releases is:
Figure imgf000003_0001
Figure imgf000003_0001
折合成 5500 kcal动力煤为 1.91万吨 /年， 按到厂含税价 650元 /吨计算， 价值为 1242 万元， 同时， 每年有 1000万吨的冷却水经过冷却塔蒸发到大气中， 按 2元 /吨计算， 价值 为 0.2亿元。 可以看出， 大量的热能以及水资源被白白地浪费掉。  The conversion of 5500 kcal thermal coal is 19,100 tons/year. According to the factory tax price of 650 yuan/ton, the value is 12.42 million yuan. At the same time, 10 million tons of cooling water is evaporated into the atmosphere through the cooling tower every year. Calculated at 2 yuan / ton, the value is 0.2 billion yuan. It can be seen that a lot of heat and water resources are wasted.
发明内容  Summary of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术的不足， 提出一种设计合理、 节能环保的基于汽 轮发电机的冷却水处理系统。  The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to propose a cooling water treatment system based on a steam generator with reasonable design, energy saving and environmental protection.
本实用新型解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：  The utility model solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions:
一种基于汽轮发电机的冷却水处理系统， 包括依次连接在一起的锅炉、 汽轮发电机和 蒸汽冷凝器， 在蒸汽冷凝器与锅炉之间安装一换热器， 该蒸汽冷凝器将汽轮发电机产生的 蒸汽转化为冷却水后进入热泵系统的蒸发器中， 该蒸发器输出低温冷却水再次进入蒸汽冷 凝器， 同时该蒸发器经热泵机组连接至冷凝器， 该冷凝器产生的高温水进入换热器， 该换 热器经换热后输出高温水进入冷凝器中， 同时该换热器输出的高温水返回锅炉循环利用。  A steam turbine generator-based cooling water treatment system includes a boiler, a steam turbine generator and a steam condenser connected in series, and a heat exchanger is installed between the steam condenser and the boiler, and the steam condenser is steamed The steam generated by the wheel generator is converted into cooling water and then enters the evaporator of the heat pump system, and the evaporator outputs the low temperature cooling water to enter the steam condenser again, and the evaporator is connected to the condenser through the heat pump unit, and the high temperature generated by the condenser The water enters the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger outputs high-temperature water into the condenser after heat exchange, and the high-temperature water outputted by the heat exchanger is returned to the boiler for recycling.
本实用新型的优点和积极效果是：  The advantages and positive effects of the utility model are:
本实用新型将冷却水循环和热交换水循环设计为各自独立的闭路循环系统， 采用热泵 系统替换原有的冷却塔，不会将热量和水排放到大气中，而是充分利用这些热量和水资源， 节约了大量的能源； 同时在锅炉-汽轮发电机-蒸汽冷凝器循环系统的锅炉进水前增加一个 热交换器， 提高了锅炉的进水温度， 降低锅炉的燃料用量， 降低了生产成本。 The utility model designs the cooling water circulation and the heat exchange water circulation as independent closed circuit circulation systems, and adopts a heat pump The system replaces the original cooling tower, does not discharge heat and water into the atmosphere, but makes full use of these heat and water resources, saving a lot of energy; at the same time in the boiler-turbine generator-steam condenser circulation system Adding a heat exchanger before the boiler enters the water increases the inlet temperature of the boiler, reduces the fuel consumption of the boiler, and reduces the production cost.
附图说明  DRAWINGS
图 1是现有汽轮发电机水处理系统的连接示意图；  1 is a schematic view showing the connection of a conventional steam turbine generator water treatment system;
图 2是本发明的系统连接示意图；  Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the system connection of the present invention;
图 3是现有的三十万千瓦亚临界汽轮发电机组热力系统图；  Figure 3 is a thermal system diagram of the existing 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator set;
图 4是改造后的三十万千瓦亚临界汽轮发电机组热力系统图。  Figure 4 is a thermal system diagram of the modified 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator set.
具体实 式  Specific form
以下结合附图对本实用新型实施例做进一步详述。  The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
一种基于汽轮发电机的冷却水处理系统， 如图 1所示， 包括锅炉、 汽轮发电机、 蒸汽 冷凝器、 蒸发器、 热泵机组、 冷凝器及换热器。 锅炉对燃料煤进行燃烧产生的高温高压蒸 汽输出到汽轮发电机内， 该汽轮发电机产生的蒸汽（约 42 °C )进入蒸汽冷凝器， 该蒸汽冷 凝器通过换热器与锅炉相连接从而构成一个锅炉、 汽轮发电机、 蒸汽冷凝器、 换热器的一 个循环系统。 该蒸汽冷凝器将汽轮发电机产生的 42°C蒸汽转化为 42°C的冷却水后进入热 泵系统的蒸发器中， 该蒸发器输出 32°C冷却水再次进入蒸汽冷凝器， 同时该蒸发器经热泵 机组连接至冷凝器， 该冷凝器产生的高温水 （67°C ) 进入换热器， 该换热器经换热后输出 62°C高温水进入冷凝器中构成一个热循环系统， 同时该换热器输出的 62°C高温水返回锅炉 循环利用。  A cooling water treatment system based on a steam turbine generator, as shown in Fig. 1, includes a boiler, a steam turbine generator, a steam condenser, an evaporator, a heat pump unit, a condenser, and a heat exchanger. The high temperature and high pressure steam generated by the boiler burning the fuel coal is output to the steam turbine generator, and the steam generated by the steam turbine generator (about 42 ° C) enters the steam condenser, and the steam condenser is connected to the boiler through the heat exchanger. Thus forming a circulation system for a boiler, a steam turbine generator, a steam condenser, and a heat exchanger. The steam condenser converts the 42 ° C steam generated by the steam turbine generator into 42 ° C cooling water and then enters the evaporator of the heat pump system, and the evaporator outputs 32 ° C cooling water to enter the steam condenser again, and the evaporation The heat pump unit is connected to the condenser, and the high temperature water (67 ° C) generated by the condenser enters the heat exchanger. After the heat exchange, the heat exchanger outputs 62 ° C high temperature water to enter the condenser to form a thermal cycle system. At the same time, the 62 ° C high temperature water output from the heat exchanger is returned to the boiler for recycling.
本实用新型的工作原理： 蒸汽冷凝器能够将发电机产生的 42°C蒸汽转化为 42°C的冷 却水， 以确保发电机系统维持正常运转。 热泵系统 （蒸发器、 热泵机组、 冷凝器） 为蒸汽 冷凝器提供冷却水， 冷却水能够携带走全部蒸汽转化为水的热量， 冷却水回流到热泵系统 降温， 循环利用， 同时， 冷却水在热泵系统中释放出热量， 由热泵加热提升温度， 对蒸汽 冷凝器处理后的低温水就行热交换， 将蒸汽转化为水的热量返回到发电系统中重复利用； 提高了锅炉进水温度， 降低锅炉燃料用量。  The working principle of the utility model: The steam condenser can convert the 42 ° C steam generated by the generator into 42 ° C cooling water to ensure the generator system maintains normal operation. The heat pump system (evaporator, heat pump unit, condenser) provides cooling water for the steam condenser. The cooling water can carry all the heat that is converted into water, and the cooling water is returned to the heat pump system for cooling and recycling. At the same time, the cooling water is in the heat pump. The heat is released from the system, the heat pump heats up the temperature, and the low temperature water treated by the steam condenser exchanges heat. The heat that converts the steam into water is returned to the power generation system for reuse; the boiler inlet water temperature is increased, and the boiler fuel is lowered. Dosage.
图 3是现有的三十万千瓦亚临界汽轮发电机组热力系统和一组动态运行参数图， 其中 做功后的蒸汽经过冷凝器变成液态水时释放的热量由冷却水携带到冷却塔排放到大气中， 同时也排放出水， 系统也需要随时补充冷却水。 图 4是改造后的三十万千瓦亚临界汽轮发 电机组热力系统和一组动态运行参数图， 根据本发明利用热泵机组替代了原有的冷却水系 统， 取消了冷却塔， 做功后的蒸汽在冷凝器释放的热量经由热泵及换热器返回到汽轮机发 电机组热力系统中， 热能得以回收利用， 没有了向大气排放热量和水。 本实用新型可以大大节约能源， 从以下几个方面进行说明： Figure 3 is a diagram of the existing 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator thermal system and a set of dynamic operating parameters. The heat released by the steam after the work is converted into liquid water by the condenser is carried by the cooling water to the cooling tower. In the atmosphere, water is also discharged, and the system needs to be replenished with cooling water at any time. Figure 4 is a modified 300,000 kW subcritical steam turbine generator thermal system and a set of dynamic operating parameters. According to the present invention, the heat pump unit is used instead of the original cooling water system, and the cooling tower is removed. The heat released in the condenser is returned to the steam turbine generator set heat system via the heat pump and heat exchanger, and the heat energy is recycled without the heat and water being released to the atmosphere. The utility model can greatly save energy, and is explained from the following aspects:
( 1 ) 节能量  (1) Energy saving
①排入大气的热量可利用部分为 15000吨标准媒，按现在的市场 5500 kcal动力煤价格 计算， 为 1242万元。  1 The amount of heat discharged into the atmosphere can be used as part of 15,000 tons of standard medium, which is calculated according to the current market price of 5500 kcal thermal coal, which is 12.42 million yuan.
②排入大气的冷却水按现在的市场价格计算， 费用为 2000万元。  2 The cooling water discharged into the atmosphere is calculated at the current market price, and the cost is 20 million yuan.
③总节能费用为 3242万元。  3 The total energy saving cost is 32.42 million yuan.
(2) 热泵主机系统实效  (2) Heat pump host system effectiveness
①热泵系统需要的电力为每年 0.305亿 kW- h。  1 The heat pump system requires electricity of 300.5 million kW-h per year.
②其他辅助设备能耗未计 （同样冷却塔系统的功耗也未计）。  2 The energy consumption of other auxiliary equipment is not counted (the power consumption of the cooling tower system is also not counted).
③总运行费用为 1400万元 /年。  3 The total operating cost is 14 million yuan / year.
(3 ) 使用热泵系统的费用折算为节能量的 43% ( 1400/3242)。  (3) The cost of using the heat pump system is converted to 43% (1400/3242) of energy savings.
(4) 资源利用率： 热泵系统需要使用电力， 其耗电量可以用能效比推算， 以 1:4的能 效比计算， 处理每年 1.2194亿 kW， h 的热耗量需要 0.305亿 kW，h的电耗。 发电厂自用电 按入网电价 0.46元 / kW'h计算， 全年费用为 0.140亿元。 现系统每年排入大气的热能和水 资源费合计为 0.3242亿元， 使用热泵系统改造的运行费用仅为这个费用的 43%。  (4) Resource utilization rate: The heat pump system needs electricity. The power consumption can be calculated by the energy efficiency ratio. The energy efficiency ratio of 1:4 is calculated, and the annual heat consumption is 120.94 million kW. The heat consumption of h needs 0.305 billion kW. Power consumption. The self-use electricity of the power plant is calculated according to the electricity price of the grid of 0.46 yuan / kW'h, and the annual cost is 0.14 billion yuan. The total amount of heat and water resources discharged into the atmosphere each year is 0.3242 billion yuan, and the operating cost of using the heat pump system is only 43% of this cost.
需要强调的是， 本实用新型所述的实施例是说明性的， 而不是限定性的， 因此本实用 新型并不限于具体实施方式中所述的实施例， 凡是由本领域技术人员根据本实用新型的技 术方案得出的其他实施方式， 同样属于本实用新型保护的范围。  It should be emphasized that the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative and not limiting, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art according to the present invention Other embodiments resulting from the technical solution are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim
1、一种基于汽轮发电机的冷却水处理系统，包括依次连接在一起的锅炉、 汽轮发电机、 蒸汽冷凝器， 其特征在于： 在蒸汽冷凝器与锅炉之间安装一换 热器， 该蒸汽冷凝器将汽轮发电机产生的蒸汽转化为冷却水后进入热泵系统 的蒸发器中， 该蒸发器输出低温冷却水再次进入蒸汽冷凝器， 同时该蒸发器 经热泵机组连接至冷凝器， 该冷凝器产生的高温水进入换热器， 该换热器经 换热后输出高温水进入冷凝器中， 同时该换热器输出的高温水返回锅炉循环 利用。  A cooling water treatment system based on a turbo generator, comprising a boiler, a steam turbine generator and a steam condenser connected in series, wherein: a heat exchanger is installed between the steam condenser and the boiler, The steam condenser converts the steam generated by the steam turbine generator into cooling water and then enters the evaporator of the heat pump system, and the evaporator outputs the low-temperature cooling water to the steam condenser again, and the evaporator is connected to the condenser through the heat pump unit. The high-temperature water generated by the condenser enters the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger outputs high-temperature water into the condenser after heat exchange, and the high-temperature water outputted by the heat exchanger is returned to the boiler for recycling.
PCT/CN2014/072117 2013-08-12 2014-02-15 Turbonator-based cooled water treatment system WO2015021760A1 (en)

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CN104564193A (en) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-29 邱纪林 Thermodynamic cycle of cold energy power generation system

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JPH03906A (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-01-07 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Feed water preheating method and device in steam generating plant
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