WO2015020940A1 - Injecteur de carburant incluant une soupape de commande pourvue d'une bille guidée de clapet anti-retour - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant incluant une soupape de commande pourvue d'une bille guidée de clapet anti-retour Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015020940A1
WO2015020940A1 PCT/US2014/049564 US2014049564W WO2015020940A1 WO 2015020940 A1 WO2015020940 A1 WO 2015020940A1 US 2014049564 W US2014049564 W US 2014049564W WO 2015020940 A1 WO2015020940 A1 WO 2015020940A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seat body
valve seat
guide passage
diameter
fuel injector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/049564
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel IMPELLIZZERI
Original Assignee
Cummins Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cummins Inc. filed Critical Cummins Inc.
Publication of WO2015020940A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015020940A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F02M63/0036—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat with spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0071—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059 characterised by guiding or centering means in valves including the absence of any guiding means, e.g. "flying arrangements"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F02M2200/304—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using hydraulic means

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to injection control valves for fuel injectors used in an internal combustion engine and, more particularly, to a ball-and-cone pilot valve.
  • One type of fuel injector for an internal combustion engine includes an injection control or drain valve having a ball for opening and closing a drain circuit, which starts and ends an injection event. Fuel injectors using such valves have a higher than desirable level of variation of in quantity of fuel injected from shot-to-shot or event-to-event, and such valves are affected by wear that increases with each fuel injection event.
  • a fuel injector comprises an injection control valve assembly including a seat body and a check ball.
  • the seat body includes a seat body axis, a valve seat, a guide passage, and an undercut portion.
  • the valve seat has a valve seat diameter which extends around the seat body axis.
  • the guide passage is longitudinally spaced apart from the valve seat and has a guide passage diameter.
  • the undercut portion is positioned longitudinally intermediate the valve seat and the guide passage. The undercut portion extends continuously around the seat body axis within the seat body. Additionally, the undercut portion has an undercut diameter greater than the valve seat diameter and the guide passage diameter.
  • the fuel injector further comprises a nozzle module operably coupled to the injection control valve assembly and a drain circuit fluidly coupled to the check ball.
  • an injection control valve assembly of a fuel injector comprises a seat body surface, a valve seat longitudinally upstream from the seat body surface, and a guide passage intermediate the valve seat and the seat body surface. Additionally, the injection control valve assembly comprises a plurality of drain flow channels extending through the seat body surface and in fluid communication with the valve seat. The drain flow channels are positioned radially outward from the guide passage and extend to a position upstream from the guide passage.
  • a method of making an injection control valve assembly of a fuel injector comprises providing a valve seat body. Additionally, the method comprises defining, within the valve seat body, a guide passage having a guide passage diameter. The method also comprises defining, within the valve seat body, a valve seat upstream from the guide passage and having a valve seat diameter. The method also comprises undercutting a continuous portion of the valve seat body intermediate the guide passage and the valve seat to define an undercut diameter greater than the guide passage diameter and the valve seat diameter. Additionally, the method comprises curving an inner surface of the undercut portion in at least a partially toroid shape.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an internal combustion engine of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a fuel injector of the internal combustion engine of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a seat body of a drain, fuel injector control, or injection control valve of the fuel injector of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a check valve ball and the seat body of FIG. 3 taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the seat body and check valve ball of FIG. 4 taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of a top or proximate surface of the seat body of FIG. 3 taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the seat body of FIG. 3 taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 3.
  • Engine 10 includes an engine body 12, which includes an engine block 14 and a cylinder head 16 attached to engine block 14.
  • Engine 10 also includes a fuel system 18 that includes one or more fuel injectors 20, a fuel pump, a fuel accumulator, valves, and other elements (not shown) that connect to fuel injector 20.
  • Fuel injector 20 is configured to inject metered quantities of fuel into a combustion chamber of internal combustion engine 10 in timed relation to the reciprocation of an engine piston.
  • Fuel injectors such as fuel injector 20, includes a valve for opening and closing a drain circuit of the fuel injector to control a beginning and an end of a fuel injection event.
  • the valve which may be described as a drain, fuel injector control, or injection control valve, may have variations in opening and closing which may lead to variations in the quantity of fuel delivered.
  • each time the valve opens or closes the impact of opening or closing a valve seat of the valve may lead to accumulating damage that permanently changes the valve seat. Those changes in the surface or geometry of the valve seat may cause changes in the performance of the drain valve.
  • the control or drain valve of the present disclosure provides a guide passage to constrain the movement of a check ball of the valve, which provides for improved fueling consistency and reduces damage to an associated valve seat.
  • the control or drain valve may include features that reduce the energy when closing the drain, thereby further reducing accumulating damage to the valve seat. The features that reduce the energy of closing the drain also increase the speed at which the control or drain valve opens, improving the speed of response of fuel injector 20.
  • Engine body 12 includes a mounting bore 22, one or more cylinders 26, one or more pistons 30, one or more combustion chambers 32, and an engine drain circuit 34, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Mounting bore 22 is formed by an inner wall or surface 24, sized to receive fuel injector 20.
  • Each cylinder 26 may include a cylinder liner 28 positioned therein, and one piston 30 is positioned for reciprocal motion in each cylinder 26.
  • Each combustion chamber 32 is formed by cylinder head 16, piston 30, and the exposed portion of cylinder 26 that extends between piston 30 and cylinder head 16. Throughout this specification, inwardly, distal, and near are longitudinally in the direction of combustion chamber 32. Outwardly, proximate, and far are longitudinally away from the direction of combustion chamber 32.
  • fuel injector 20 includes an injector body 36, which further includes an injection control valve assembly 38, a nozzle module 40, a drain circuit 42, a fuel delivery circuit 44, and a longitudinal axis 46.
  • injector body 34 may include an outer housing 48, which secures injection control valve assembly 38, nozzle module 40, and other elements of fuel injector 20 in a fixed relationship. Additionally, injector body 34 may include a valve housing 50 and an upper body or barrel portion 54.
  • outer housing 48 includes an interior surface 62, an exterior surface 64, and a transversely or radially extending outlet port 66 positioned between interior surface 62 and exterior surface 64.
  • Valve housing 50 includes a valve cavity 52 for receiving injection control valve assembly 38 is actuated by receiving a control signal from a controller (not shown), which causes nozzle module 40 to permit fuel flow from fuel delivery circuit 44 into combustion chamber 32.
  • Nozzle module 40 includes a nozzle housing 56 positioned in outer housing 48, and an injector cavity 58 located within nozzle housing 56.
  • Nozzle housing 56 further includes one or more injector orifices 60 positioned at a distal end of nozzle housing 56. Injector orifice(s) 60 communicate with one end of injector cavity 58 to discharge fuel from fuel delivery circuit 44 into combustion chamber 32.
  • Nozzle module 40 further includes a nozzle or needle valve element 68 positioned in one end of injector cavity 58 adjacent to injector orifice(s) 60.
  • Nozzle valve element 68 is movable between an open position in which fuel may flow through injector orifice(s) 60 into combustion chamber 32, which also denotes the beginning of an injection event, and a closed position in which fuel flow through injector orifice(s) 60 is blocked, which denotes the end of the injection event.
  • Nozzle module 40 includes a nozzle element guide 72, which includes a proximal cap or end portion 74 and a control volume plug 76.
  • a control volume 70 is formed between an end portion 78 of nozzle valve element 68 and an interior of nozzle element guide 72 when nozzle valve element 68, nozzle element guide 72, and end portion 74 are mounted in injector cavity 58.
  • Control volume plug 76 is mounted within nozzle element cavity 58 in a location adjacent to end portion 74.
  • End portion 74 includes an end portion passage 80 that extends longitudinally through end portion 74, and one or more transverse end portion passages 82.
  • Control volume plug 76 includes a plurality of longitudinal plug channels or passages 84 located about a periphery of control volume plug 76 and a longitudinally extending central passage 86.
  • Control volume 70 receives high-pressure fuel from injector cavity 58 by way of transverse end portion passage 82 and plug passage(s) 84.
  • Central passage 86 is positioned to connect control volume 70 to end portion passage 80.
  • the pressure of fuel in control volume 70 determines whether nozzle valve element 58 is in an open position or a closed position, which is further determined by injection control valve assembly 38, described in more detail hereinbelow.
  • nozzle valve element 68 is positioned in injector cavity 58, nozzle element guide 72, and more specifically, end portion 74 of nozzle element guide 72, is positioned longitudinally between nozzle valve element 68 and injection control valve assembly 38.
  • a flow limiter assembly 88 may be positioned at a proximate end of fuel injector 20 and flow limiter assembly 88 may include a limiter outer housing 90 and a flow limiter sub-assembly 92.
  • An inlet fuel circuit 94 extends through limiter outer housing 90 of flow limiter assembly 88 to connect fuel system 18 to fuel delivery circuit 44.
  • Limiter outer housing 90 includes a high-pressure inlet 96, one or more bosses 98, and a housing recess or bore portion 100 into which a portion of flow limiter sub-assembly 92 extends.
  • High-pressure inlet 96 may be connected to a fuel rail or accumulator (not shown), or may be a part of a daisy chain arrangement wherein other fuel injectors may be connected via appropriate high-pressure lines to, for example, bosses 98 integrally formed in limiter outer housing 90, either upstream or downstream of high-pressure inlet 96.
  • Inlet fuel circuit 94 extends from high-pressure inlet 96 through limiter outer housing 90 and through flow limiter sub-assembly 92 to connect to fuel delivery circuit 44.
  • Fuel delivery circuit 44 is positioned to connect high-pressure fuel from inlet fuel circuit 94 to injector cavity 58 and control volume 70.
  • fuel delivery circuit 44 includes a plurality of longitudinally extending fuel delivery passages 102 extending through injection control valve assembly 38 to provide high-pressure fuel to injector cavity 58 and control volume 70.
  • Injection control valve assembly 38 is positioned along drain circuit 42 and includes valve housing 50 having valve cavity 56 formed by a valve housing interior surface 104, and a drain, fuel injector control, or injection control valve 106 positioned within valve cavity 52.
  • Injector control valve 106 includes a control valve member 108, a control valve ball, check valve ball or check ball 109 that includes a geometric center 190, and an actuator 110 positioned in valve housing 50 to cause movement of control valve member 108 and thus check ball 109 between the open and closed positions.
  • Control valve member 108 is positioned in valve cavity 52 to move reciprocally between an open position, permitting check ball 109 to move to permit fuel to flow through drain circuit 42, and a closed position, where check ball 109 blocks flow through drain circuit 42.
  • Actuator 110 includes a solenoid assembly 112 that includes a stator housing 114 having a first end 116 and a second end 118, a stator core 120, an annular coil assembly 122 positioned circumferentially in and around stator core 120, and an armature 124 operably connected to control valve member 108.
  • Stator housing 114 includes a stator housing exterior surface 126, a central aperture, bore or core 128 extending through stator housing 114 from first end 116 to second end 1 18, and a transversely extending stator passage 130.
  • Central aperture 128 includes a spring cavity 132 and is positioned to receive control valve member 108.
  • An annular stator housing passage 134 is formed between valve housing interior surface 104 and exterior surface 126 of stator housing 114.
  • annular stator housing passage 134 is formed on exterior surface 126 of stator housing 114.
  • An annular gap 136 exists between exterior surface 126 of stator housing 114 and valve housing interior surface 104.
  • Annular gap 136 permits air to travel between stator housing 114 and valve housing 50 to an upper cavity 138, which is positioned between upper body portion 54 and injection control valve assembly 38, where the air remains or is dissolved into solution with the drain fuel over time.
  • Stator core 120 is positioned on stator housing 114, and in the exemplary embodiment, stator core 120 is secured to stator housing 114. As described further hereinbelow, stator core 120 is positioned a spaced distance from fuel injector body 36 and from stator housing 114.
  • Injection control valve assembly 38 also includes a seat body 140, a seat retainer
  • Adjusting ring 144 includes a plurality of radially or transversely extending adjusting ring passages 150.
  • An annular groove 152 may be formed between an exterior of adjusting ring 144 and interior surface 104 of valve housing 50.
  • annular groove 152 is formed on an exterior of adjusting ring 144. Adjusting ring 144 is sized, positioned, and adjusted to space armature 124 an axial distance from stator core 120 and annular coil assembly 122 along longitudinal axis 46.
  • Valve housing 50 includes a transversely or radially extending flow passage 154 connecting valve cavity 52 to an exterior of valve housing 50, a longitudinally extending first drain passage 156, and one or more relief passages 158.
  • a longitudinally or axially inwardly extending flow passage 160 is provided to connect transversely extending passage 154 to outlet port 66.
  • Inwardly extending flow passage 160 is formed between an exterior surface of valve housing 50 and interior surface 62 of outer housing 48.
  • First drain passage 156 is positioned to connect injector cavity 58 to valve cavity 52.
  • Drain circuit 42 extends from control volume 70 through injection control valve assembly 38, through outer housing 48 into mounting bore 22, to an engine drain passage 162 of low-pressure engine drain circuit 34. More specifically, drain circuit 42 includes central passage 86, end portion passage 80, first drain passage 156, seat body passage 148, valve cavity 52, adjusting ring passage 150, annular groove 152, transverse flow passage 154, axially inward flow passage 160, and outlet port 66.
  • drain circuit 42 includes central passage 86, end portion passage 80, first drain passage 156, seat body passage 148, valve cavity 52, adjusting ring passage 150, annular groove 152, transverse flow passage 154, axially inward flow passage 160, and outlet port 66.
  • axial drain passage 164 is included as a part of drain circuit 42.
  • solenoid assembly 112 is operable to move armature 124 longitudinally toward stator core 120. Movement of armature 124 causes control valve member 108 to move longitudinally away from control valve seat 146, which permits control valve 109 to move from control valve seat 146, which causes drain circuit 42 to be connected with control volume 70. Fuel is immediately able to flow outwardly through central passage 86, end portion passage 80, first drain passage 156, and seat body passage 148. Fuel then flows between control valve ball 109 and control valve seat 146 into valve cavity 52.
  • the fuel in valve cavity 52 continues to flow longitudinally outward toward and then transversely through adjusting ring passage 150. Because adjusting ring 144 is movable to establish the position of stator housing 114 and stator core 120, adjusting ring passage 150 may be misaligned with transverse flow passage 154. Annular groove 152 permits fuel to flow from adjusting ring passage 150 to transverse flow passage 154, regardless of the position of adjusting ring passages 150 with respect to transverse flow passage 154. Transverse flow passage 154 is in fluid communication with valve cavity 52 at an upstream or first end and axially inward flow passage 160, and thus engine drain passage 162 of low-pressure drain 34, at a downstream or second end, receiving fuel flow from valve cavity 52 by way of adjusting ring passage 150. The fuel flows radially or transversely through adjusting ring passage 150, into annular groove 152, and into transversely extending passage 154, moving from valve cavity 52 into axially inward flow passage 160.
  • drain circuit 42 is positioned to receive drain fuel from control volume 70 and to drain the fuel toward low-pressure engine drain circuit 34.
  • control volume 70 With connection of control volume 70 to engine drain circuit 34, fuel pressure in control volume 70 is significantly reduced in comparison to fuel pressure in injector cavity 58.
  • the pressure on the distal end of nozzle valve element 68 is significantly greater than the pressure on the proximate end of nozzle valve element 68, forcing nozzle valve element 68 longitudinally away from injector orifices 60, and permitting high-pressure fuel to flow from injector cavity 58 into combustion chamber 32.
  • solenoid assembly 112 When solenoid assembly 112 is de-energized, control valve member 108 is biased by springs to cause fuel injector control valve 106 to close.
  • injector control valve 106 When injector control valve 106 is closed, pressure builds in control volume 70, causing, in combination with a nozzle element bias spring 166, nozzle valve element 68 to move longitudinally toward injector orifices 60, closing or blocking injector orifices 60.
  • control valve member 108 moves up and down, causing a pumping action to occur in spring cavity 132.
  • Stator passage 130 is positioned to connect spring cavity 132 to stator housing passage 134 and to one or more relief passages 158 formed in valve housing 50, thus providing an unrestricted venting of spring cavity 132, which allows unencumbered movement of control valve member 108.
  • Drain valve seat body 140 includes control valve seat 146; a longitudinally extending seat body axis 168; a proximate seat body surface 170 that may be perpendicular to seat body axis 168; a guide passage 173 located downstream from control valve seat 146 and extending longitudinally along seat body axis 168 from proximate seat body surface 170 a longitudinal distance or extent 192; and an undercut portion 174 that may be partially a toroid or torus-like in shape.
  • Guide passage 173 is formed by a guide passage surface 172 on seat body 140.
  • guide passage 173 and undercut portion 174 are integrally formed within seat body 140 and, therefore, are integral with valve seat 146.
  • guide passage 173 and/or undercut portion 174 are machined into seat body 140.
  • Undercut portion 174 extends transversely to seat body axis 168 and is continuously formed within a seat body interior surface 176. Undercut portion 174 is positioned longitudinally between control valve seat 146 and guide passage 173.
  • Seat body 140 may also include one or more drain flow channels 178 that extend inwardly from proximate seat body surface 170 to open on seat body interior surface 176, downstream of valve seat 146 and in a position that is longitudinally about halfway between the top and the bottom of undercut portion 174. Drain flow channels 178 may be fabricated with a radius 184 that has a maximum depth 186 below surface 170.
  • drain flow channel radius 184 may be 2.0 millimeters to 2.50 millimeters and, more particularly 2.25 millimeters
  • drain flow channel maximum depth 186 may be 0.40 millimeters to 0.50 millimeters and, more particularly 0.45 millimeters, which thus positions maximum depth 186 longitudinally between guide passage 173 and control valve seat 146.
  • the exemplary embodiment includes four drain flow channels 178.
  • Undercut portion 174 has an undercut diameter or transverse extent 182 and guide passage 173 has a guide passage diameter or transverse extent 180.
  • Undercut passage 174 has a maximum depth 188, which in an exemplary embodiment may be 0.45 millimeters to 0.55 millimeters and, more particularly 0.5 millimeters.
  • Guide passage diameter 180 is smaller than undercut diameter 182, and the difference between guide passage diameter 180 and undercut diameter 182 creates the undercut feature, shown in FIGS. 5 - 7.
  • seat body interior surface 176 is continuously curved or curvilinear within interior surface 176, which may form a partial torus or toroid, as seat body interior surface 176 extends from control valve seat 146 either to guide passage surface 172 or to drain flow channel(s) 178.
  • drain valve seat body 140 is fabricated from
  • Drain valve seat body 140 may also include a physical vapor deposition (PVD) coating, which is possible because of the relative accessibility of guide passage surface 172 and control valve seat 146. If control valve seat 146 were positioned at a relatively large longitudinal distance from proximate seat body surface 170, a coating such as a PVD coating is unable to uniformly deposit on control valve seat 146. The dimensions described herein permit a uniform PVD coating on control valve seat 146.
  • Check ball 109 may be fabricated from a silicon nitride ceramic in an exemplary embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, the diameter of check ball 109 is approximately 90-99% and, more particularly 95%, of the diameter of guide passage diameter 180, and undercut diameter 182 is approximately 101-120%) and, more particularly 108%, of the diameter of guide passage 180.
  • check ball 109 When check ball 109 closes against control valve seat 146, which has a conical shape, sealing is accomplished through what may described as ball-on-cone sealing. As described hereinabove, check ball 109 moves between an open and a closed position. A maximum longitudinal motion of check ball 109 away from control valve seat 146, which is the open position, is such that geometric center 190 of check ball 109 remains longitudinally between proximate seat body surface 170 and control valve seat 146. Furthermore, at the maximum longitudinal motion of check ball 109 away from control valve seat 146, geometric center 190 is positioned longitudinally within longitudinal extent 192 of guide passage 173, or between an upper or proximate edge 194 of guide passage surface 172 and a lower or distal edge 196 of guide passage surface 172.
  • check ball 109 By keeping check ball 109 positioned within longitudinal extent 192 of guide passage surface 172, check ball 109 is restricted or limited in the transverse or off-axis distance check ball 109 is able to move away from seat body axis 168 during opening and closing, which thus provides for improved geometry between check ball 109 and control valve seat 146 when check ball 109 moves into contact with control valve seat 146.
  • Conventional seat designs permit relatively unrestricted check ball movement laterally or transversely, to a seat body axis, i.e., off-axis.
  • the relatively unrestricted transverse movement is necessary to permit fluid to flow around a check ball when the check ball is open, which causes high stresses when the check ball contacts an associated control valve seat because the contact is nearly a "point" contact before the check ball is forced into annular contact with the cone of an associated control valve seat.
  • Another technique used to constrain a check ball is to provide multiple pieces to form a cage, which creates a complex valve design requiring careful assembly.
  • check ball 109 In contrast to conventional designs, by constraining check ball 109 transversely within guide passage surface 172 and longitudinally within longitudinal extent 192 of guide passage surface 172, and by providing undercut portion 174 and one or more drain flow channels 178 for flow of fluid when check ball 109 is in the open position, fabrication and assembly of fuel injector control valve, injection control valve, or drain valve 106 is simplified. By providing constraint of check ball 109 as it moves along seat body axis 168, guide passage surface 172 also provides for improved or decreased shot-to-shot or event-to-event variation, which is a significant benefit of the configuration of seat body 140.
  • drain flow channels 178 and undercut portion 174 provide additional benefits. Because check ball 109 moves a small longitudinal distance, described hereinabove, and because guide passage surface 172 is a relatively small diameter compared to the diameter of check ball 109, a back pressure on check ball 109 that prevents check ball 109 from closing may be significant. By providing toruslike undercut portion 174 and one or more drain flow channels 178 in combination with guide passage surface 172, undercut portion 174 serves as an accumulation volume for high-pressure fluid with a predetermined flow rate into drain flow channels 178.
  • the flow rate into drain flow channels 178 provides a controlled amount of back pressure on check ball 109, thus reducing the closing energy of check ball 109 and reducing progressive damage on control valve seat 146 and the fueling drift that would result from such damage.
  • the buildup of pressure in undercut portion 174 as check ball 109 opens serves to cause check ball 109 to open more quickly, improving the speed of response of fuel injector 20.
  • cavitation is reduced in the fluid flow and erosion of valve seat body 140 is greatly decreased or completely eliminated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape de commande ou de purge d'injecteur de carburant, qui comporte une surface de guidage d'un passage limitant le mouvement transversal d'une bille anti-retour de clapet. L'effet de limitation produit sur la bille anti-retour confère une régularité améliorée de l'apport en carburant, et permet de réduire les dommages répétés occasionnés sur un siège du clapet associé. De plus, la soupape de commande ou de purge peut comprendre des éléments qui réduisent l'énergie de fermeture de la bille anti-retour, ce qui réduit davantage les dommages répétés occasionnés sur le siège du clapet.
PCT/US2014/049564 2013-08-05 2014-08-04 Injecteur de carburant incluant une soupape de commande pourvue d'une bille guidée de clapet anti-retour WO2015020940A1 (fr)

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US201361862398P 2013-08-05 2013-08-05
US61/862,398 2013-08-05

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Cited By (3)

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WO2016010956A1 (fr) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-21 Cummins Inc. Orifice de soupape pilote d'injecteur b-lccr, armature et système de guidage de piston
US11326697B2 (en) 2018-06-12 2022-05-10 Marco Systemanalyse Und Entwicklung Gmbh Jet valve
US11674487B2 (en) 2021-06-15 2023-06-13 Caterpillar Inc. Check valve for a fuel injector

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GB2151516A (en) * 1983-11-30 1985-07-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd Manufacturing valve seat- forming member
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Cited By (4)

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WO2016010956A1 (fr) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-21 Cummins Inc. Orifice de soupape pilote d'injecteur b-lccr, armature et système de guidage de piston
US9719476B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2017-08-01 Cummins Inc. B-LCCR injector pilot valve orifice, armature and plunger guide arrangement
US11326697B2 (en) 2018-06-12 2022-05-10 Marco Systemanalyse Und Entwicklung Gmbh Jet valve
US11674487B2 (en) 2021-06-15 2023-06-13 Caterpillar Inc. Check valve for a fuel injector

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