WO2015014197A1

WO2015014197A1 - Method for selecting route in scenario of multicast load, and router

Info

Publication number: WO2015014197A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/081873
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李向东
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2013-07-31
Filing date: 2014-07-09
Publication date: 2015-02-05
Also published as: CN104348736A

Abstract

A method for selecting a route in the scenario of a multicast load, and a router, which relate to the technical field of communications, and solve the problem of reduction of the system performance caused by congestion or loss of multicast data which is generated because an upstream link shares multicast data of a plurality of routers connected thereto if the upstream link selected by a current router is connected to the plurality of routers when a unicast routing manner is adopted to acquire the upstream link from a receiving end to a multicast source. The method can specifically comprise: a first router acquiring the multicast processing capability of a second router and the multicast processing capability of a third router; and determining one of the second router and the third router, which has the optimal multicast processing capability, to be the optimal upstream router in a downlink direction, the downlink direction being the direction from the multicast source to the first router. The method can be applied to the route selection in the scenario of a multicast load.

Description

Method and router for routing in a multicast load scenario This application claims to be submitted to the China Patent Office on July 31, 2013, with the application number CN 201310328376.0, and the invention titled "Method and Router for Routing in a Multicast Load scenario" Priority of the patent application, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a router for routing in a multicast load scenario. Background technique

IP (Internet Protocol, Protocol Inter-Network Interconnection) multicast technology enables efficient data transfer from point to point in IP networks. Because multicast technology can effectively save bandwidth to control network traffic, reduce server load and reduce network load, it has wide applications in IPTV (IP televisor), multimedia conferencing, video surveillance, etc. .

The IP multicast protocol may include: a protocol between the router and the receiver host, a protocol between the router and the router, and the combination of the two may be used to construct a multicast forwarding tree from the multicast source to the multicast data receiver. Among them, PIM (Protocol Independent Mul t icas t) protocol is usually used between routers and routers.

According to the different multicast sources and multicast destinations in IP multicast, PIM can be divided into: ASM (Any Source Mul t icas t, any source multicast) model and SSM (Source Specif ic Mul t icas t, specific source multicast). model.

The multicast source needs to transmit multicast to the receiving end through the corresponding link. Therefore, before performing multicast transmission, you need to establish a multicast forwarding tree, that is, establish a link between the multicast source and the receiving end. The principle of establishing a multicast forwarding tree in PIM is similar for both ASM and SSM models. The SSM model is used as an example to briefly introduce the establishment process of multicast forwarding tree.

As shown in Figure 1, first, after receiving the IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) request from the host R1, the router RTD obtains the transmission link of the multicast source S by using unicast routing. The PIM join message is sent to the upstream router hop by hop. The path of the host R1 to the multicast source S may be: RTD -> RTB -> RTA, and the multicast join tree is established along the path, and then the multicast source S is along the PIM. In the opposite direction of the join message transmission, the multicast data is forwarded to the host R1, which can be from the RTA->RTB->RTD.

Specifically, the unicast route is used to obtain the transmission link of the host R1 to the multicast source S. The transmission link of the host R1 to the multicast source S may include, but is not limited to: the current route may select a neighbor route with less selected times as the upstream route. The link with the upstream route is the obtained upstream link, and the upstream link selected by the route is integrated to obtain the transmission link of the host R1 to the multicast source S. * , G ) and (S , G ) and hash mode select an upstream route. For example, you can select a neighbor route with a larger hash value as the upstream route.

In the process of implementing the routing in the multicast load scenario, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: 获取 unicast routing is used to obtain the link between the host R1 and the multicast source S, if the current route is selected. The upstream link is connected to multiple routes. The upstream link shares the multicast data of multiple routes connected to it. As a result, multicast data is congested or lost, which reduces system performance. Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention provides a method and a router for routing in a multicast load scenario. The upstream link determined by the multicast source transmits the multicast data to the receiving end, which ensures the reliability of the multicast data transmission. Integrity, which in turn increases the performance of the system.

In order to achieve the above object, embodiments of the present invention use the following technical solutions:

The first aspect provides a method for routing in a multicast load scenario, including:

The first router acquires the multicast processing capability of the second router and the multicast processing capability of the third router, where the second router is the first next hop router in the uplink direction of the first router, and the third router The second next hop router of the first router in the uplink direction, where the uplink direction is a direction from the first router to a multicast source;

Determining, by the router in the second router and the third router, a router having an optimal multicast processing capability as an optimal upstream router in a downlink direction, where the downlink direction is from the multicast source to the first router Direction

In a first possible implementation, the multicast processing capability includes: a data flow capability parameter of the router, where the data flow capability parameter is used to describe at least one of the following: a data traffic currently carried by the router and a router capable of carrying Maximum data traffic.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, the router that optimizes multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router is determined as The optimal upstream routers in the row direction include:

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router, the router that minimizes the data traffic currently carried by the second router and the third router is determined as the optimal upstream router; or ,

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the maximum data traffic that can be carried by the second router and the third router is the largest. Determined by the device as the optimal upstream router; or,

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the optimal upstream router is determined according to the weight, and the weight is used to represent the weight of the data traffic currently carried by the router. And the weight of the maximum data traffic that the router can carry.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation, the acquiring, by the first router, the multicast processing capability of the second router and the multicast processing capability of the third router include:

Calculating a priority of the first link and the second link according to a state parameter of the first link and a state parameter of the second link, where the first link is the first router and the first a link between the two routers, where the second link is a link between the first router and the third router, and the status parameter is used to describe the number of times the link is not allowed to transmit data. The higher the priority of the link is, the lower the priority of the link is. The multicast processing capability further includes: the priority.

With reference to the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the router that optimizes multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router is determined as The optimal upstream routers in the row direction include:

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the router that has the largest data traffic that can be carried by the second router and the third router is determined as the optimal upstream router. ; or,

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the optimal upstream router is determined according to the weight, and the weight is used to represent the weight of the data traffic currently carried by the router. And the weight of the maximum data traffic that the router can carry; or,

Determining, by the next link, the first link and the second link of the second link with the highest priority link as the optimal upstream router.

With reference to the first aspect, or any one of the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fourth possible implementation manner, in a fifth possible implementation manner, the first router acquires the second router The multicast processing capability and the multicast processing capability of the third router include:

Receiving, by the second router and the third router, the first reported separately every preset time a Hello message and a second Hello message, where the first He1o message includes: a PIM Hell Opt ion field for characterizing a multicast processing capability of the second router, where The second He l lo ^ 艮 text includes: a PIM Hell Op Opon field for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the third router;

Obtaining, from the first hello packet, the PIM Hell Op Opon field for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the second router, and acquiring the second He 1 lo packet from the second He 1 lo packet And a PIM Hell Opt ion field characterizing the multicast processing capability of the third router.

In a second aspect, a first router is provided, including:

An acquiring unit, configured to acquire, by the router, a multicast processing capability of the second router and a multicast processing capability of the third router, where the second router is a first next hop router in the uplink direction of the first router, The third router is a second next hop router of the first router in the uplink direction, where the uplink direction is a direction from the first router to a multicast source;

a determining unit, configured to determine, as an optimal upstream router in a downlink direction, a router that optimizes multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router, where the downlink direction is from the multicast source to The direction of the first router.

In a first possible implementation manner, the multicast processing capability acquired by the acquiring unit includes: a data circulation capability parameter of the router, where the data circulation capability parameter is used to describe at least one of the following: a data currently carried by the router The maximum amount of data traffic that traffic and routers can carry.

With reference to the first possible implementation of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation, the determining unit includes:

a first determining module, configured to determine, when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe data traffic currently carried by the router, a router that minimizes data traffic currently carried by the second router and the third router Optimal upstream router; or,

a second determining module, configured to determine, when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe a maximum data traffic that can be carried by the router, a router that is capable of carrying the largest data traffic in the second router and the third router For the optimal upstream router; or,

a third determining module, configured to: when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe data traffic currently carried by the router and maximum data traffic that the router can bear, determine the optimal upstream router according to a weight, where the weight is used to represent the router The weight of the currently carried data traffic and the weight of the maximum data traffic that the router can carry.

With reference to the first possible implementation of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation, the acquiring unit further includes:

a fourth determining module, configured to calculate a priority of the first link and the second link according to a state parameter of the first link and a state parameter of the second link, where the first link is First router a link between the second router and the third router, where the second link is a link between the first router and the third router, and the status parameter is used to describe that the link is not allowed to transmit data. The number of times, the higher the priority of the link is, the lower the priority of the link is, the lower the priority of the link is. The multicast processing capability further includes: the priority.

With reference to the third possible implementation of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation, the determining unit further includes:

a fifth determining module, configured to determine, when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe data traffic currently carried by the router, a router that minimizes data traffic currently carried by the second router and the third router Optimal upstream router; or,

a sixth determining module, configured to: when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe a maximum data traffic that can be carried by the router, determine, by the router that is the largest data traffic that can be carried by the second router and the third router For the optimal upstream router; or,

a seventh determining module, configured to: when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe data traffic currently carried by the router and maximum data traffic that the router can carry, determine the optimal upstream router according to a weight, where the weight is used to represent the router The weight of the currently carried data traffic and the weight of the maximum data traffic that the router can carry; or,

And an eighth determining module, configured to determine, by the first link, a next hop router that is connected to the highest priority link in the second link as the optimal upstream router.

With reference to the second aspect, or any one of the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect to the fourth possible implementation manner, in a fifth possible implementation manner, the acquiring unit includes: a receiving module, And receiving, by the second router and the third router, the first He L lo message and the second He l lo message respectively, and the first He l lo message includes: And a PIM Hell Opt ion field indicating a multicast processing capability of the second router, where the second hello message includes: a PIM He l lo for characterizing a multicast processing capability of the third router Opt ion field;

An obtaining module, configured to obtain, from the first hello packet, the PIM Hell Opt ion field used to represent the multicast processing capability of the second router, and from the second He l lo Obtaining a PIM Hell Opt ion field for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the third router.

The method for selecting a route in a multicast load scenario and the first router provided by the embodiment of the present invention, after using the foregoing solution, the first router may select a router with the best multicast processing capability from the second router and the third router as the lower router The optimal upstream router in the row direction, and according to the upstream link determined by the optimal upstream router, so that the upstream link is the link with the best multicast processing capability, and the multicast source passes the multicast data through the upstream link. Transmission to the receiving end ensures the reliability of multicast data transmission And integrity, which in turn increases the performance of the system. DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any creative work.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a scenario in which a route is selected in a multicast load scenario in the prior art; FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for routing a route in a multicast load scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention; A flow chart of a method for routing in another multicast load scenario is provided; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a PIM Hello Opt ion;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of “Scene 1” applied to the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of “Scene 2” applied to the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of “Scene 3” applied to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a router according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another router according to the embodiment.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

In order to more clearly understand the embodiments provided below, a brief introduction to the scenarios applied in the embodiments will be first made.

IP multicast technology enables efficient data transmission from point to point in IP networks. IP multicast protocols can include: SSM models and ASM models.

SSM is a new service model that is different from traditional multicast. It uses a multicast group address and a multicast source address to identify a multicast session at the same time, instead of using only multicast groups like traditional multicast services. The address identifies a multicast session. The SSM retains the efficiency of the host in the traditional PIM-SM (Protoco l Independent Mul tica s t-Sparse Mode) mode to join the multicast group, but skips the PIM-SM mode. Shared tree and RP (Rendezvous Po int) procedures. In traditional PIM-SM mode, shared tree and RP The procedure uses a (*, G) pair to represent a multicast session, where "G" can represent a particular IP multicast group and "*" can represent any source sent to multicast group G. SSM directly establishes a multicast SPT (Shor tes t Pa th Tree, shortest path tree) identified by (S, G), where "G" represents a specific IP multicast group address, and "S" can indicate the direction of sending IP address of a specific source of multicast group G.

One (S, G) pair of SSM is also referred to as a channel to distinguish ASM. Since ASM supports point-to-multipoint and multipoint-to-multipoint multicast service modes, the process of discovering multicast sources in ASM is complicated. For example, in the PIM-SM mode, when a user clicks on the multicast content in the browser, the receiving device is only notified of the content of the multicast group, and is not notified of the information of the multicast source. In SSM mode, the client receives multicast source and multicast group information at the same time.

Therefore, SSM is more suitable for point-to-multipoint multicast services. For example, it can be services such as network entertainment channels, network news channels, and network sports channels. However, if multi-point to multi-point multicast services are required, ASM mode is required.

In the SSM model, SPT can be established directly between the multicast source and the receiver, instead of establishing an RPT (Rendezvous Po int-rooted Tree, shared tree) like ASM, and then converting to SPT as needed, eliminating PIM. - The process of setting up the RPT and then switching from the RPT to the SPT in the SM, so that data can be forwarded along the SPT from the beginning. Therefore, compared with other multicast technologies, SSM technology has its own advantages in the case of known multicast sources: Not only is it efficient, but it also simplifies multicast address allocation. SSM needs to be used in conjunction with I GMPv3 protocol.

The multicast source needs to transmit multicast to the receiving end through the corresponding link. Before performing multicast transmission, you need to establish a multicast forwarding tree, that is, establish a link between the multicast source and the receiving end. Specifically, each router selects a sub-uplink (that is, the link that the current router selects to reach the next hop router), and integrates the upstream links to obtain an upstream link between the multicast source and the receiver.

In the prior art, as shown in FIG. 1, the link between the host R1 and the multicast source S is obtained by using a unicast route. If the upstream link selected by the current route is connected to multiple routes, the uplink link is shared. Multicast routing data connected to it, causing multicast data to be congested or lost, reducing systemicity

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In order to solve the above problem, the embodiment provides a method for routing a route in a multicast load scenario, and the executor of the method may be a current router. As shown in FIG. 2, the method may include:

201. The first router acquires a multicast processing capability of the second router and a multicast processing capability of the third router.

The second router may be the first next hop router in the uplink direction of the first router, and the third router may be the second next hop router in the uplink direction of the first router, and the uplink direction is from the first router to The direction of the multicast source. As an implementation manner of this embodiment, in order to ensure accurate and reliable data transmission through the uplink link, it is first required to determine an optimal upstream router in the downlink direction of the upstream link for data transmission, in the first In the case that the router is the execution entity, the first router may first acquire the multicast processing capability of the second router and the multicast processing capability of the third router, and then determine the optimal upstream router according to the multicast processing capability.

202. Determine a router with the best multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router as an optimal upstream router in the downlink direction.

The downlink direction may be a direction from the multicast source to the first router.

After the foregoing solution, the first router may select the router with the best multicast processing capability from the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, and according to the upstream link determined by the optimal upstream router, In this way, the upstream link is the link with the best multicast processing capability, and the multicast source transmits the multicast data to the receiving end through the upstream link, thereby ensuring the reliability and integrity of the multicast data transmission. Increased system performance.

This embodiment provides another method for routing in a multicast load scenario. The method is further extended to the method shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the method may include:

301. The first router receives the first Hello packet and the second Hello packet that are reported by the second router and the third router at the preset time.

The first Hello packet may include: a PIM Hello Option field for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the second router, where the second Hello message may include: PIM Hello for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the third router Option field.

As an implementation manner of this embodiment, the multicast processing capability may be a comprehensive capability, that is, according to the current state of the board (eg, CPU (Central Processing Unit) state, memory state, uplink, and The value obtained by considering the downlink status, etc., the interface type, the link type, the number of SD and HD programs. The SD and HD can be identified by the PIM protocol, which is a publicly available solution, which is well known to those skilled in the art, and is described in this step.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, it is a schematic structural diagram of a PIM Hello Option field. The Type can be of the type of 艮, the length can be the length of the 艮, the Flow Capaci ty can be the multicast processing capability, and the OptionType 65533: The Flow Capaci ty can be: Option Type 65533: Flow Capacity.

In this embodiment, the format and content of the PIM Hello Opt ion packet are not limited, and may be set according to actual needs, and details are not described herein again.

Further, the multicast processing capability can be, but is not limited to, including: Numbers, etc.

The data flow capability parameter can be used to describe at least one of the following: The data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry. It is worth noting that the current data traffic and the maximum data traffic that can be carried here include downstream data traffic, that is, multicast traffic.

The first router obtains a PIM Hello Opt ion field for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the second router from the first He 110 packet, and obtains, by using the second Hello packet, the third router. PIM Hel lo Opt ion field of multicast processing capability.

In order to enable the first upstream link determined by the first router to not only transmit the upstream data reliably, but also reliably transmit the downstream data, the first router may determine the sub-upstream link according to the multicast processing capability (ie, determine the first router. The optimal upstream router in the row direction, that is, the system can determine the upstream link according to the multicast processing capability. Before this, the first router needs to obtain the multicast processing capability for characterizing the second router from the first Hello message. a PIM Hel lo Opt ion field, and a PIM Hel lo Opt ion field for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the third router is obtained from the second Hello message.

303. The first router calculates a priority of the first link and the second link according to the state parameter of the first link and the state parameter of the second link.

The first link may be a link between the first router and the second router, and the second link may be a link between the first router and the third router, and the status parameter may be used to describe that the link is not The number of times the link is allowed to be transmitted. The lower the number of times, the higher the priority of the link. The lower the priority of the link, the lower the priority. The multicast processing capability can also include: priority.

As an implementation manner of this embodiment, the status parameter may be represented by a number. For example, the status parameter may be set to 10, and the link between the first router and each next hop router corresponds to a status parameter. When a fault occurs on the link, the corresponding state parameter is decremented by 1, which is 9. At this time, the lower the value of the state parameter, the lower the priority of the link. On the contrary, the link with the larger value of the state parameter takes precedence. The higher the level; when the status parameter is the preset upper limit or the preset lower limit, the status parameter is set to the initialized value.

As an implementation manner of this embodiment, when the first router selects the sub-uplink, the reliability of the upstream data and the downstream data may be considered, and the probability that the link is not allowed to transmit data may be considered, for example, The probability of failure, etc. If the probability of a link failure is high, the reliability and integrity of the data transmission is reduced, for example, data loss. Therefore, in order to increase the performance of the upstream link, it is also necessary to consider the probability that the link is not allowed to transmit data when determining the upstream link.

The method for calculating the priority of the link is not limited in this embodiment, and may be set according to actual needs, and is described in this step. 304. The first router determines the router with the best multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction.

The downlink direction is the direction from the multicast source to the first router.

Further, the first router determines that the router with the best multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router is the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, but is not limited to:

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router, the router with the smallest data traffic currently carried by the second router and the third router is determined as the optimal upstream router; or

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the router with the largest data traffic that can be carried in the second router and the third router is determined as the optimal upstream router; or

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the optimal upstream router is determined according to the weight, and the weight is used to represent the weight of the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum that the router can bear. The weight of the data traffic; or, the next hop router that connects the first link with the highest priority link in the second link is determined as the optimal upstream router.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, step 303 may not be performed, that is, the probability that the link is not allowed to transmit data is not considered when determining the upstream link.

At this time, when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router, the router with the smallest data traffic currently carried by the second router and the third router is determined as the optimal upstream router; or

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the optimal upstream router is determined according to the weight, and the weight is used to represent the weight of the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum that the router can bear. The weight of the data traffic.

Further, after the first router determines the optimal upstream router, the upstream link is determined, where the determined upstream link may include: at least one corresponding first upstream router determined by the first router. The techniques are well known to those skilled in the art, and can be described according to actual needs, and are not described herein again.

305. After the upstream link is determined, the system transmits the upstream data according to the upstream link. The downstream data is transmitted in the direction, that is, multicast data.

As an implementation manner of this embodiment, multiple upstream links determined by the foregoing method may exist in the system. In order to make data transmission more accurately, data may be transmitted through the corresponding upstream link, and may be implemented according to actual conditions. Replace the upstream link for data transmission. The details are described in steps 306 to 309.

306. The system determines, in the first state, whether the first upstream link is not allowed to transmit data. Further, the system may include, but is not limited to, including: a first state in which data transmission is performed by the current first upstream link.

As an implementation of this embodiment, if data is allowed to be transmitted, step 305 is performed. If data is not allowed to be transmitted, step 307 is performed.

307. If the data is not allowed to be transmitted, switch from the first state to the second state.

Further, the system may also include, but is not limited to: a second state in which data transmission is performed by a second upstream link other than the first upstream link that is allowed to transmit data.

308. In the second state, determine whether the first upstream link is allowed to transmit data.

As an implementation of this embodiment, if the first upstream link is allowed to transmit data, step 309 is performed. If the first upstream link is not allowed to transmit data, step 308 is performed.

309. If it is allowed to transmit data, wait for a preset time, and then switch from the second state to the first state.

In this way, it is possible to avoid frequent switching of links for transmitting multicast data when the link frequently fails to transmit, resulting in a problem of reducing the reliability and integrity of data transmission.

The preset time is not limited in this embodiment, and may be set according to actual needs, and details are not described herein again.

In order to understand the present embodiment more clearly, some specific scenarios are briefly described below, and a brief description is mainly made on performing multicast data transmission after determining the upstream link.

Scenario 1, as shown in Figure 5, the router SR to the multicast source may include two equal-cost links Link_A, L ink-B, and the multicast traffic transmitted by the multicast source to the SR may pass through the link L ink_A. , Link_B.

If the link Link_A fails, the SR reduces the value of the link parameter of the link Link_A, that is, the priority of the Link_A is lowered. At this time, since the priority of the link Link_B is higher than the priority of the link Link_A, the link can be selected. Link_B acts as a sub-upstream link of the first router SR. In other words, the link between the SR and the multicast source can select the link Link_B.

If the link L ink_B fails and cannot perform multicast data transmission, switch to link Link_A for multicast data transmission. If the multicast traffic of the multicast source passes the link Link_A, when the link Link_B When the fault is recovered, the SR to the multicast source does not immediately switch to the link L ink_B, but waits for the preset time. If the link Link_B does not fail again during this preset time, it will switch to the link Link_B. . On the contrary, if the link Link_B fails again during this time, the multicast source still transmits multicast data to the router SR through the link Link_A.

This avoids the problem that multicast traffic is continuously switched and the multicast data transmission reliability and integrity are low when the link is frequently faulty.

Scenario 2, as shown in Figure 6, the next hop interface in the upstream direction between the router SR and the multicast source is G1/0/1, and the next hop router in the upstream direction is the router RT_A.

When the multicast source does not perform multicast data transmission, the multicast processing capabilities of the routers RT_A and RT_B are the same. If there is multicast traffic on 1^_, and a multicast entry is maintained, 1^_8 has no multicast traffic, and no multicast entries are maintained, then the multicast processing capability of RT_B is better than that of RT_A. Processing capability, the router SR selects the link in the middle of RT_B as the sub-upstream link.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7, if the next hop upstream of the route to the multicast source on the router SR has two interfaces G1/0/l and G1/0/2, the upstream next hop router is the router RT_A, RT_B. However, because the router's RT_B multicast processing capability is better, and the two interfaces G1/0/l and G1/0/2 have only one upstream next-hop router, the multicast processing capability of the link where G1/0/2 is located. It is better than the interface G1/0/1. The router SR selects the medium link corresponding to the interface G1 / 0/2 as the sub-upstream link. In other words, the router SR selects interface G1/0/2 as the upstream interface to the multicast source, and selects the router RT-B as the upstream next hop router.

In this way, the multicast traffic is more evenly distributed in the scenario of multiple links.

Scenario 3, as shown in Figure 7, the next hop of the router SR to the upstream of the multicast source is interface G1/0/1, and the upstream next hop router is the router RT_A and RT_B.

When the multicast source does not perform multicast data transmission, if there is multicast traffic on the router 1^_, and a multicast entry is maintained, the router RT_B has no multicast traffic, and the multicast entry is not maintained, the router RT_B group The broadcast processing capability is better than the multicast processing capability of the first router RT_A. In this case, the router SR selects the interface G1/0/1 as the RPF upstream interface to the multicast source, and selects the router RT_B as the upstream next hop router neighbor. .

In this way, the multicast traffic is more evenly distributed in multiple neighbor scenarios.

After the foregoing solution, the first router may select a router with the best multicast processing capability from the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, and according to the upstream link determined by the optimal upstream router; In addition, when determining the upstream link, the probability that the link is not allowed to transmit data is also considered, so that the multicast source can not only transmit the multicast data to the receiving end through the upstream link, but also the multicast processing capability of the link. The best link, while avoiding frequent links The failure (ie, not allowed to transmit data) causes frequent switching of the link, which ensures the reliability and integrity of the multicast data transmission, thereby increasing the performance of the system.

Some apparatus embodiments are provided below, which correspond to the respective method embodiments provided above.

This embodiment provides a first router, as shown in FIG. 8, which may include:

The obtaining unit 81 is configured to acquire, by the router, a multicast processing capability of the second router and a multicast processing capability of the third router, where the second router is the first next hop router of the first router in the uplink direction, and the third router is the first router The second next hop router of the router in the uplink direction, and the uplink direction is the direction from the first router to the multicast source;

The determining unit 82 is configured to determine the router with the best multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, and the downlink direction is the direction from the multicast source to the first router.

This embodiment provides another router. The router is a further extension to the router shown in FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 9, the router may include:

The obtaining unit 91 is configured to acquire, by the router, a multicast processing capability of the second router and a multicast processing capability of the third router, where the second router is the first next hop router in the uplink direction of the first router, and the third router is the first router The second next hop router of the router in the uplink direction, and the uplink direction is the direction from the first router to the multicast source;

The determining unit 92 is configured to determine the router with the optimal multicast processing capability in the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, and the downlink direction is the direction from the multicast source to the first router.

Further, the multicast processing capability acquired by the obtaining unit 91 includes: a data circulation capability parameter of the router, where the data circulation capability parameter is used to describe at least one of the following: the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry.

Further, the determining unit 92 includes:

The first determining module 921 is configured to determine, when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router, the router with the smallest data traffic currently carried by the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router; or , The second determining module 922 is configured to determine, as the optimal upstream router, a router that can maximize the maximum data traffic that can be carried by the second router and the third router when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the maximum data traffic that the router can carry. ; or,

The third determining module 923 is configured to determine, according to the weight, an optimal upstream router, where the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, and the weight is used to represent the data traffic currently carried by the router. The weight and the weight of the maximum data traffic that the router can carry.

Further, the obtaining unit 91 further includes:

The fourth determining module 911 is configured to calculate a priority of the first link and the second link according to the state parameter of the first link and the state parameter of the second link, where the first link is the first router and the second router The link between the first link and the third router is a link between the first router and the third router. The status parameter is used to describe the number of times the link is not allowed to transmit data. The lower the number of times, the higher the priority of the link. The lower the priority of the link, the lower the priority. The multicast processing capability also includes: Priority.

Further, the determining unit 92 further includes:

The fifth determining module 924 is configured to determine, when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router, the router that minimizes the data traffic currently carried by the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router; or ,

The sixth determining module 925 is configured to determine, as the optimal upstream router, a router that can maximize the maximum data traffic that can be carried by the second router and the third router when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the maximum data traffic that the router can carry. ; or,

The seventh determining module 926 is configured to determine, according to the weight, an optimal upstream router, where the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, and the weight is used to represent the data traffic currently carried by the router. Weight and the weight of the maximum data traffic that the router can carry; or,

The eighth determining module 927 is configured to determine, as the optimal upstream router, the next hop router that connects the first link with the highest priority link in the second link.

Further, the obtaining unit 91 includes:

The receiving module 912 is configured to receive the first Hello packet and the second Hello packet that are reported by the second router and the third router at the preset time, where the first Hello packet includes: The PIM Hello Option field of the processing capability, where the second Hello message includes: a PIM Hello Option field for characterizing the multicast processing capability of the third router;

The obtaining module 913 is configured to obtain, from the first He 110 packet, a PIM Hello Option field, which is used to represent the multicast processing capability of the second router, and obtain the second Hello packet from the second He 1 lo packet. The PIM Hell Opt ion field of the multicast processing capability of the three routers.

After the foregoing solution, the first router may select a router with the best multicast processing capability from the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, and according to the upstream link determined by the optimal upstream router; In addition, when determining the upstream link, the probability that the link is not allowed to transmit data is also considered, so that the multicast source can not only transmit the multicast data to the receiving end through the upstream link, but also the multicast processing capability of the link. The best link, while avoiding the problem of frequent link switching due to frequent link failures (ie, not allowed to transmit data), that is, ensuring the reliability and integrity of multicast data transmission, thereby increasing the system's performance.

Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation. . Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk of a computer. A hard disk or optical disk or the like includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

The above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. It should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

Rights request

1. A method of route selection in a multicast load scenario, characterized by including:

The first router acquires the multicast processing capability of the second router and the multicast processing capability of the third router. The second router is the first next-hop router of the first router in the uplink direction. The third router is the second next-hop router of the first router in the uplink direction, and the uplink direction is the direction from the first router to the multicast source;

Determine the router with the best multicast processing capability among the second router and the third router as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, and the downlink direction is from the multicast source to the first router. direction.

2. The method for routing in a multicast load scenario according to claim 1, characterized in that the multicast processing capability includes: a data flow capability parameter of a router, and the data flow capability parameter is used to describe at least one of the following: Item: The data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic the router can carry.

3. The method for route selection in a multicast load scenario according to claim 2, wherein the router with the best multicast processing capability among the second router and the third router is determined as the next router. The optimal upstream routers in the row direction include:

When the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router, the router that currently carries the smallest data traffic among the second router and the third router is determined as the optimal upstream router; or ,

When the data flow capacity parameter is used to describe the maximum data flow that a router can carry, the router with the largest maximum data flow that can be carried among the second router and the third router is determined as the optimal upstream router. ; or,

When the data flow capacity parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the optimal upstream router is determined according to the weight, and the weight is used to characterize the weight of the data traffic currently carried by the router. and the weight of the maximum data traffic the router can carry.

4. The route selection method in a multicast load scenario according to claim 2, wherein the first router obtains the multicast processing capability of the second router and the multicast processing capability of the third router including:

The priorities of the first link and the second link are calculated according to the state parameters of the first link and the state parameters of the second link, where the first link is the first router and the third link. A link between two routers, the second link is a link between the first router and the third router, the status parameter is used to describe the number of times the link is not allowed to transmit data, so The link with the smaller number is The higher the priority of the link, the lower the priority of the link with the greater number of times. The multicast processing capability also includes: the priority.

5. The method for route selection in a multicast load scenario according to claim 4, wherein the router with the best multicast processing capability among the second router and the third router is determined as the next router. The optimal upstream routers in the row direction include:

When the data flow capacity parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, the optimal upstream router is determined according to the weight, and the weight is used to characterize the weight of the data traffic currently carried by the router. and the weight of the maximum data traffic the router can carry; or,

The next-hop router connected to the link with the highest priority among the first link and the second link is determined as the optimal upstream router.

6. The method for routing in a multicast load scenario according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first router obtains the multicast processing capability of the second router and the multicast multicast capability of the third router. Processing capabilities include:

Receive the first He l lo message and the second He l lo message respectively reported by the second router and the third router every preset time, and the first He l lo message includes: used to characterize The PIM Hello Option field of the multicast processing capability of the second router, the second Hello text includes: PIM Hello Option used to characterize the multicast processing capability of the third router ion field;

Obtain the PIM Hello Option field used to characterize the multicast processing capability of the second router from the first Hello message, and obtain the username from the second Hello message. The PIM Hello Option field represents the multicast processing capability of the third router.

7. A first router, characterized by including:

The acquisition unit is used for the router to acquire the multicast processing capability of the second router and the multicast processing capability of the third router. The second router is the first next-hop router of the first router in the uplink direction, and the The third router is the second next-hop router of the first router in the uplink direction, and the uplink direction is the direction from the first router to the multicast source;

Determining unit, configured to determine the multicast processing capabilities of the second router and the third router The optimal router is determined as the optimal upstream router in the downlink direction, and the downlink direction is the direction from the multicast source to the first router.

8. The first router according to claim 7, wherein the multicast processing capability acquired by the acquisition unit includes: a data flow capability parameter of the router, and the data flow capability parameter is used to describe at least one of the following: Item: The data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic the router can carry.

9. The first router according to claim 8, characterized in that the determination unit includes: a first determination module, configured to determine the data flow capacity parameter when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router. Among the second router and the third router, the router that currently carries the smallest data traffic is determined as the optimal upstream router; or,

The second determination module is configured to determine, among the second router and the third router, the router with the largest maximum data flow that can be carried when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the maximum data traffic that the router can carry. is the optimal upstream router; or,

The third determination module is used to determine the optimal upstream router according to the weight when the data flow capacity parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry, and the weight is used to characterize the router. The weight of the data traffic currently carried and the weight of the maximum data traffic the router can carry.

10. The first router according to claim 8, characterized in that the acquisition unit further includes:

A fourth determination module, configured to calculate the priorities of the first link and the second link according to the status parameters of the first link and the status parameters of the second link, where the first link is the The link between the first router and the second router. The second link is the link between the first router and the third router. The status parameter is used to describe whether the link is The number of times that data is allowed to be transmitted. The smaller the number of times, the higher the priority of the link. The higher the number of times, the lower the priority of the link. The multicast processing capability also includes: the priority.

11. The first router according to claim 10, characterized in that the determining unit further includes:

The fifth determination module is configured to determine the router that currently carries the smallest data traffic among the second router and the third router as the router when the data flow capability parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router. the optimal upstream router; or,

A sixth determination module, configured to determine the router with the largest maximum data flow that can be carried among the second router and the third router when the data flow capacity parameter is used to describe the maximum data flow that the router can carry. is the optimal upstream router; or, The seventh determination module is used to determine the optimal upstream router according to the weight when the data flow capacity parameter is used to describe the data traffic currently carried by the router and the maximum data traffic that the router can carry. The weight is used to characterize the router. The weight of the data traffic currently carried and the weight of the maximum data traffic the router can carry; or,

An eighth determination module, configured to determine the next-hop router connected to the link with the highest priority among the first link and the second link as the optimal upstream router.

12. The first router according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the acquisition unit includes:

A receiving module, configured to receive the first Hello message and the second Hello message respectively reported by the second router and the third router at preset intervals. The first Hello message includes: used to characterize The PIM Hello Option field of the multicast processing capability of the second router, the second Hello message includes: the PIM Hello Option field used to characterize the multicast processing capability of the third router;

An acquisition module configured to acquire the PIM Hello Option field used to characterize the multicast processing capability of the second router from the first Hello message, and acquire the PIM Hello Option field from the second Hello message. The PIM Hello Option field represents the multicast processing capability of the third router.