WO2015010418A1 - 背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015010418A1
WO2015010418A1 PCT/CN2013/089215 CN2013089215W WO2015010418A1 WO 2015010418 A1 WO2015010418 A1 WO 2015010418A1 CN 2013089215 W CN2013089215 W CN 2013089215W WO 2015010418 A1 WO2015010418 A1 WO 2015010418A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
guide plate
light guide
backlight module
polarized light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2013/089215
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王尚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BOE Technology Group Co Ltd filed Critical BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority to US14/389,653 priority Critical patent/US9618684B2/en
Publication of WO2015010418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015010418A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0096—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the lights guides being of the hollow type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0028—Light guide, e.g. taper
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2706—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means as bulk elements, i.e. free space arrangements external to a light guide, e.g. polarising beam splitters
    • G02B6/2713—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means as bulk elements, i.e. free space arrangements external to a light guide, e.g. polarising beam splitters cascade of polarisation selective or adjusting operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
    • G02B6/276—Removing selected polarisation component of light, i.e. polarizers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular to a backlight module and a display device.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • the LCD realizes display by driving an electric field formed by two electric conductive glasses. Since the liquid crystal itself does not emit light, the LCD needs to be transmitted or reflected by an external light source.
  • Most of the existing LCDs are transmissive, and for transmissive LCDs, backlight modules are an integral part.
  • Prior Art LCD backlight modules typically provide natural light with no specific direction of vibration.
  • a polarizing plate is attached to the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal cell so that the natural light incident from the backlight module to the polarizing plate is converted into polarized light, and the polarized light of a certain vibration direction is allowed to pass. Therefore, based on the light provided by the backlight module of the prior art, only a part of the light is provided by the LCD, that is, the linearly polarized light of only one direction of the natural light provided by the backlight module is used for image display through the LCD, and the other direction The linear polarization is shielded, thus causing light loss.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a backlight module and a display device, wherein the backlight module can generate linearly polarized light, so that all natural light emitted by the light source is converted into linearly polarized light that can pass through the liquid crystal cell. In order to make the natural light emitted by the light source be fully utilized.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides a backlight module, including a light source and a light guide plate, the backlight module further includes: a light collimating component, configured to convert divergent light emitted by the light source into parallel light; and a polarization beam splitting component, And a phase delay element for converting the vibration direction of the second polarized light into the first polarized light
  • the vibration direction is the same, and is formed as a third polarized light; wherein the first polarized light and the third polarized light are formed as incident polarized light entering the light guide plate; and the light guide plate receives the incident polarized light.
  • the backlight module further includes: a first reflective element; the polarization splitting component, the phase delay component, and the first reflective component are sequentially arranged in a transmission direction of parallel rays; the parallel rays are polarized After the beam splitting element, the first polarized light is reflected by the polarization beam splitting element to the light incident surface of the light guide plate, and the second polarized light beam is continuously transmitted to the phase delay element through the polarization beam splitting element; the second polarized light is converted by the phase delay element The third polarized light is reflected by the first reflective element to the light incident surface of the light guide plate.
  • the backlight module further includes: a light guide tube, including a hollow tube body disposed in parallel with a transmission direction of the parallel light, for receiving the parallel light, and the parallel light And transmitting in the hollow tube; wherein the polarization beam splitting element and the phase delay element are disposed inside the hollow tube body.
  • the backlight module further includes: a first light blocking element connected to the polarization beam splitting element and disposed along a direction parallel to the parallel light propagation direction, for preventing the light from being directly polarized by the light splitting component Transfer to the phase delay element or prevent light from shining outside the light pipe.
  • the first light blocking element is a second reflective element having a light reflecting function.
  • the polarization splitting element is disposed to be inclined rearward in the direction in which the parallel rays propagate.
  • the backlight module is provided with at least two polarization beam splitting elements and at least two first light blocking elements, which are spaced apart from each other and are located far from the light exit surface of the light guide tube in the light guide tube.
  • the projection is disposed in a stepped manner at a position close to the light-emitting surface of the light guide tube, and the projection of the polarization beam splitting element and the first light-blocking element on the lateral cross section of the hollow tube body fills the entire transverse cross section.
  • the backlight module further includes: a second light blocking element, disposed along a phase delay element disposed in the hollow tube in a direction parallel to the direction of parallel light propagation, and The first reflective elements are connected to block light from being transmitted to the outside of the hollow tube.
  • the backlight module is provided with at least two second light blocking elements and at least two first reflective elements, which are spaced apart from each other and are far from the light exiting surface of the light guide tube in the light guide tube.
  • the position is arranged in a stepped manner at a position close to the light exiting surface of the light pipe; the projection of the second light blocking member and the first reflecting element on the transverse section of the hollow pipe body fills the entire transverse cross section.
  • the light guide plate of the backlight module includes: a light emitting surface of the light guide plate; and a first surface disposed opposite to the light emitting surface of the light guide plate; the light guide plate further comprising:
  • a reverse prism layer is disposed on the light emitting surface of the light guide plate, and is configured to emit the incident polarized light in a direction perpendicular to a light emitting surface of the light guide plate after passing through the light guide plate;
  • a reflective prism layer disposed on the first surface of the light guide plate for transmitting the incident polarized light incident on the first surface in the light guide plate toward the light exit surface of the light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate of the backlight module further includes: a third reflective element disposed on an outer surface of the first surface for allowing the first surface to pass through The incident polarized light is reflected to the inside of the light guide plate.
  • the backlight module further includes: a beam expander element disposed on a light incident side of the light guide plate for increasing an incident angle of the incident polarized light into the light guide plate .
  • the polarization splitting element comprises a reflective polarizing brightness enhancing film.
  • the phase delay element comprises a half wave plate or comprises two quarter wave plates.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a display device including a display panel, characterized in that the display device further includes a backlight module as described above.
  • the natural light emitted by the light source sequentially passes through the light collimating component, the polarization splitting component, and the phase delay component, so that all the natural light emitted by the light source is converted into a transmission axis with the polarizer on the display panel. Consistently polarized light, so the natural light emitted by the light source is fully utilized, and there is no part of the natural light emitted by the prior art backlight is lost, and the light energy utilization rate of the display device is greatly increased. improve. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a planar structure of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a planar structure of a backlight module according to Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of the backlight module shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a process of converting a light polarization state of a light guide tube of the backlight module shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of a phase delay element used in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 light source 2 light collimating element, 3-light pipe, 4 polarization beam splitting element, 5-phase retarding element, 41-first light blocking element, 6 second light blocking element, 7 first reflecting element, 9
  • the backlight module of the first embodiment includes a light source 1 and a light guide plate 9, wherein the backlight module further includes:
  • a light collimating element 2 configured to convert the divergent light emitted by the light source 1 into parallel light
  • a polarization splitting element 4 configured to convert the parallel light into a first polarized light and a second polarized light whose directions of vibration are perpendicular to each other
  • phase delay element 5 configured to convert a vibration direction of the second polarized light into a same direction as a vibration direction of the first polarized light, to form a third polarized light; wherein the first polarized light and the third polarized light Formed as incident polarized light entering the light guide plate; the light guide plate is configured to receive the incident polarized light.
  • the natural light emitted by the light source sequentially passes through the light collimating component, the polarization splitting component, and the phase delay component, so that the natural light emitted by the light source is all converted into the polarizer on the display panel.
  • the polarized light is transmitted through the axis, so that the natural light emitted by the backlight module is fully utilized, and the light energy utilization rate of the display device is greatly improved.
  • the backlight module of the first embodiment of the present invention further includes a first reflective element 7 for reflecting the second polarized light obtained by the phase delay element 5 in the direction of vibration toward the light guide plate 9 to enter the light guide plate.
  • the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment i is that the light pipe 3 is added, and the light pipe 3 includes a hollow pipe body parallel to the transmission direction of the parallel rays, ⁇ Receiving the parallel rays to transmit the parallel rays in the hollow tube, and the light collimating element 2, the polarization beam splitting element 4, the phase delay element 5 and the first reflecting element 7 are disposed on the light guide In the middle of the tube Empty tube body.
  • the backlight module of the present invention further utilizes a light guide tube to confine the light to prevent the light emitted by the light source from spreading outward and cannot be fully utilized.
  • the light guide plate 9 includes: a reverse prism layer 2 disposed on a light emitting surface of the light guide plate 9 for passing the incident polarized light The light guide plate 9 is then emitted in a direction perpendicular to the light exit surface of the light guide plate;
  • a reflective prism layer 1 disposed on the first surface of the light guide plate 9 for causing the incident polarized light transmitted in the light guide plate 9 and incident on the first surface to face the light guide surface of the light guide plate
  • the first surface is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate, and the first surface and the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate are respectively perpendicular to the light-incident surface of the light guide plate 9.
  • the light guide plate 9 utilizes the reverse prism layer 12 and the reflective prism layer 11 disposed on the light exit surface of the light guide plate and the first surface, so that the incident polarized light entering the light guide plate 9 can maintain the polarization state of the light well, and The direction of the light exit surface of the light plate is emitted from the light guide plate.
  • the polarization splitting element 4 can be formed using various films which are commercially available and which can realize polarization splitting.
  • the polarization splitting element 4 comprises a Dual-Brightness Enhancement Film (DBEF).
  • DBEF Dual-Brightness Enhancement Film
  • the phase delay element 5 comprises a half wave plate.
  • the backlight module of the third embodiment of the present invention includes a light source 1, a light collimating element 2, a light guiding tube 3, a light guiding plate 9, a polarization beam splitting element 4 disposed in the light guiding tube 3, and a phase delay. Element 5.
  • the light source 1 may include at least one LED light, which is not limited thereto, as long as natural white light can be emitted.
  • the light guide tube 3 is disposed parallel to one side of the light guide plate 9 , and one of the side surfaces is a light incident surface of the light guide plate 9 .
  • a light collimating element 2 is disposed between the light source 1 and the light guide tube 3. Through the light collimating element 2, the light emitted by the light source 1 is collimated, and the emitted divergent light is converted into parallel light.
  • the light collimating element 2 is a collimating lens, and is preferably a T3 ⁇ 4 tai Internal Reflection (TIR) type collimating lens, which can simultaneously collimate the light by using the total reflection and refraction principle. Good collimation effect.
  • TIR Internal Reflection
  • Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the specificity of a collimating lens capable of converting divergent light into parallel light. The structure and principle are not described in detail here.
  • the light emitted by the light source 1 passes through the light collimating element 2 to form parallel rays having substantially the same transmission direction, and the parallel rays are transmitted into the light guiding tube 3.
  • the light guide tube 3 is disposed in parallel with the transmission direction of the parallel light, and includes a hollow tube body parallel to the transmission direction of the parallel light, so that the parallel light emitted from the light collimating element 2 can be along the hollow tube body. Transmission, further restricting the light, avoiding the light spreading out and not being fully utilized.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 4 and the phase delay element 5 are arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the parallel light rays, and the parallel light rays entering the light guide tube 3 are converted into the first polarized light beams whose vibration directions are perpendicular to each other by the polarization beam splitting element 4. And the second polarized light, the direction of vibration of the second polarized light is converted by the phase delay element 5 to be the same as the direction of vibration of the first polarized light, to form a third polarized light.
  • the polarization splitting element 4 preferably includes a reflective polarization enhancing film DBEF (Dual-Brightness Enhance Film) capable of converting natural light into two linearly polarized lights whose vibration directions are perpendicular to each other.
  • DBEF Reflective polarization Enhance Film
  • the remote DBEF is composed of a multilayer prism film, and the prism film is provided to pass linearly polarized light vibrating in the second direction, so that linearly polarized light vibrating in the first direction (perpendicular to the second direction) is reflected, thereby enabling The light is converted into first polarized light and second polarized light that are perpendicular to the direction of vibration.
  • the natural light passes through the light collimating element 2 and enters the light guiding tube 3, and is transmitted forward in the direction parallel to the light guiding tube 3 in the light guiding tube 3, and after passing through the polarization beam splitting element 4, the vibration direction is parallel to the DBEF transmission axis.
  • the polarized light (second polarized light) passes through and continues to be transmitted, and the polarized light (first polarized light) whose direction of vibration is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the DBEF is reflected by the prism film of the DBEF to the light incident surface of the light guide plate 9.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conversion process of a light polarization state of a light guide tube of the backlight module shown in FIG. Specifically, the direction of polarization of the polarized light transmitted parallel to the light guide tube 3 is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the DBEF, and the direction of polarization of the polarized light transmitted perpendicular to the light guide tube 3 is parallel to the DBEF transmission axis.
  • the parallel linearly polarized light parallel to the light guiding tube 3 is reflected by the polarization beam splitting element 4, and the vertically linearly polarized light perpendicular to the light guiding tube 3 passes through the polarization beam splitting element 4 and continues to be transmitted.
  • the transmission direction perpendicular to the DBEF transmission axis and parallel to the DBEF transmission axis is merely exemplified, and is not limited to the above, for example, the polarized light perpendicular to the DBEF transmission axis may also be perpendicular to the light pipe 3, and The polarized light parallel to the DBEF transmission axis may also be parallel to the light pipe 3.
  • a first light blocking element 41 connected to the polarization beam splitting element 4 in a direction parallel to the direction of parallel light propagation is provided inside the light guide tube 3.
  • the first light blocking element 41 is preferably a reflective second reflecting element, so that the above-mentioned extremely small amount of non-parallel light can be reflected to the polarization beam splitting element 4, thereby improving the utilization of light.
  • the first light blocking element 41 may also function as a light barrier, that is, to prevent light from being directly transmitted to the phase delay element 5 or to diffuse outside the light guide tube 3.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 4 is disposed obliquely rearward in the parallel light propagation direction (as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4).
  • At least two polarization splitting elements 4 and at least two first light blocking elements 41 are disposed, which are spaced apart from each other, preferably They are formed in the light guide tube 3 in a stepped manner from a position far from the light exit surface of the light guide tube 3 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to a position close to the light exit surface of the light guide tube 3.
  • the projection of the polarization beam splitting element 4 and the first light blocking element 41 on the transverse section of the hollow tube body fills the entire transverse section, so that the light entering the light guide tube 3 can be utilized as much as possible.
  • the phase delay element 5 includes a half wave plate or two quarter wave plates.
  • the phase shift is generated by the two mutually orthogonal polarization components of the waveplate, which can be used to adjust the polarization state of the beam.
  • a half-wave plate as an example, after the linearly polarized light passes through the half-wave plate, it is still linearly polarized, but the vibration surface of the combined vibration and the vibrating surface of the polarized light of the ray are rotated by 2 ⁇ angle. , as shown in Figure 5.
  • the vibrating surface of the outgoing light is perpendicular to the vibrating surface of the original incident light, that is, when &: ::45 degrees, the half-wave plate can rotate the polarization state by 90°. .
  • the phase delay element 5 is a half-wave plate, and the optical axis of the half-wave plate is parallel to the DBEF, so that the parallel light transmitted in the light pipe 3 is generated in the vertical two directions.
  • the phase shift occurs in the change, so that the incident ray polarized light incident on the half wave plate and the outgoing ray polarized light emitted from the half wave plate can be changed by a polarization direction of 90 degrees.
  • the polarized light (second polarized light) whose vibration direction is parallel to the DBEF transmission axis is converted into the polarized light perpendicular to the DBEF transmission axis by the half wave plate of the phase delay element 5 (the first Three polarized light).
  • the half wave plate of the phase delay element 5 converts the polarized light transmitted perpendicular to the light pipe into a polarized light transmitted parallel to the light pipe.
  • phase delay element 5 is two quarter-wave plates, the working principle is the same as that of a one-half wave plate, and details are not described herein again.
  • the backlight module of the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a second light blocking element 6 and a first reflective element 7.
  • the second light blocking element 6 is disposed in the hollow tube of the light guide tube 3, and is disposed behind the phase delay element 5 in a direction parallel to the transmission direction of the parallel light rays, and is connected to the first reflective element 7 for blocking
  • the incident polarized light formed by the conversion of the phase delay element 5 is transmitted to the outside of the hollow tube; the second light blocking element 6 is preferably a reflective element, so that the light incident thereon can be guided to the light pipe 3.
  • a light-emitting surface ie, a light-incident surface of the light guide plate 9) or a first reflective element 7 opposite to the first reflective element 7 and connected to the second light-blocking element 6 for incident polarized light toward the light guide plate 9
  • the reflection into the light surface ie, a light-incident surface of the light guide plate 9
  • At least two second light blocking elements 6 and at least two first reflective elements 7 are provided, which are spaced apart from each other, preferably they form a detachment guide as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 in the light guide tube 3.
  • the position far from the light-emitting surface of the light pipe 3 is stepped toward a position close to the light-emitting surface of the light guide tube 3.
  • the projection of the second light-blocking member 6 and the first reflecting member 7 on the transverse section of the hollow tube body fills the entire transverse section, so that the light entering the light guide tube 3 can be fully utilized as much as possible.
  • the second light blocking member 6 and the first reflecting member 7 are utilized to further ensure that the light emitted from the light source 1 can be completely transmitted to the inside of the light guide plate 9.
  • the backlight module according to the embodiment of the present invention passes through the first light blocking element 41, the polarization beam splitting element 4, the phase delay element 5, the second light blocking element 6, and the first reflective element disposed in the light guiding tube 3.
  • all the natural light emitted by the light source 1 is converted into linearly polarized light having a vibration direction (first polarized light, in the embodiment of the present invention, polarized light parallel to the transmission axis of the DBEF, when the transmission axis of the DBEF appears 90
  • first polarized light and the second polarized light also change 90 degrees)
  • transmitted into the light guide plate 9 and after being uniformly transmitted through the light guide plate 9 enters the lower polarizing plate of the display device, and can pass through the display device.
  • the lower polarizer is transferred to the liquid crystal layer for image display.
  • the light guide tube 3 is disposed on one side of the light guide plate 9, preferably,
  • the light guide plate 9 receives the light incident side of the light emitted from the light guide tube 3, and is further provided with a beam expander element 8 for increasing the incident angle of the incident polarized light into the light guide plate.
  • the beam expanding component 8 may include a plurality of hemispherical beam expanding prisms formed as a hemispherical beam expanding prism array structure, and the hemispherical beam expanding prism is used to increase the incident angle of the incident light, so that the incident polarized light is made. It can be sufficiently transmitted in the light guide plate 9 to make the light on the light guide plate 9 more uniform.
  • the light guide plate 9 includes: a reverse prism Floor! 2, the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 9 (shown as an upper surface of FIG. 3, formed perpendicular to the surface of the light-incident surface of the light guide plate 9), for passing the incident polarized light through the light guide plate 9 Then exiting in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the light guide plate;
  • the reflective prism layer 11 is disposed on the first surface of the light guide plate 9 (shown as a lower surface as shown in FIG. 3, and is formed to be perpendicular to the light incident side of the light guide plate 9 and parallel to the light exit surface of the light guide plate:
  • the incident polarized light transmitted in the light guide plate 9 and incident on the first surface is reflected toward a light emitting surface of the light guide plate, wherein a light emitting surface of the light guide plate is parallel to the first surface ;
  • the second reflective element 10 is disposed on an outer surface of the first surface for reflecting the incident polarized light that has passed through the first surface to the inside of the light guide plate 10.
  • the prism structure on the reverse prism layer 12 and the reflective prism layer is disposed in a direction parallel to the light pipe 3 (mainly perpendicular to the direction of light propagation in the light guide plate 9), so that the prism structure can be well maintained.
  • the polarization state of the light rays; in addition, the upper and lower surfaces of the light guide plate 9 respectively control the light in the light guide plate 9 by the reverse prism layer 12 and the total reflection prism layer 11, and - the third reflection is mounted on the lower portion of the light guide plate Element 10, this structure ensures that light emitted from the light guide plate 9 is emitted in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, and prevents light leakage.
  • the reverse prism layer 12 and the reflective prism layer ⁇ may be respectively formed into a film shape, and are respectively disposed on the light-emitting surface and the first surface of the light guide plate of the light guide plate 9 in an attached manner, or may be formed by processing. Formed on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate and the first surface.
  • the prism tilt angle of the reverse prism layer 12 and the reflective prism layer 11 and the layout density of the prism structure may affect the reflection and penetration of the incident light on the prism.
  • the incident polarized light on the light guide plate 9 In order to achieve uniform transmission of the incident polarized light on the light guide plate 9, and to ensure that the incident polarized light can be emitted from the light guide plate 9 in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, those skilled in the art should understand the above realization based on practical experience. The specific form of the effect is not described in detail here.
  • the light guide plate 9 can also adopt other forms of light guide plates commonly used in the art.
  • the embodiment provides a display device including a display panel and a backlight module of the above embodiments.
  • the structure of the backlight module can be referred to the above detailed description in conjunction with FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, and details are not described herein again.
  • the display device may be: a liquid crystal panel, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, and a navigator, etc., any product or component that realizes a display function by using a backlight module.
  • the backlight module and the display device have the following beneficial effects: using the light collimating component, the polarization splitting component, and the phase delay component, all the natural light emitted by the light source is converted into polarized light having a vibration direction, so that the light source The natural white light emitted is fully utilized, and the light energy utilization rate of the display device is greatly improved;
  • the U is divided by the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate and the reverse prism layer and the reflective prism layer of the first surface, so that the incident polarized light entering the light guide plate can maintain the polarization state of the light well and perpendicular to the light guide plate.
  • the direction of the light-emitting surface is emitted from the light guide plate, the direction of the light transmitted on the light guide plate is controlled, and the uniformity of light transmission on the light guide plate is ensured;
  • the third reflective element is used to prevent light leakage to achieve full utilization of light
  • the polarization splitting element adopts DBEF, and the phase delay element adopts a half-wave plate, so that the structure of the present invention is simple and easy to implement.

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Abstract

一种背光模组及显示装置。背光模组包括光源（1）和导光板（9），还包括：光准直元件（2），用于将光源（1）发出的发散光线转换成平行光线；偏振分光元件（4），用于将平行光线转换为振动方向相垂直的第一偏振光线和第二偏振光线；相位延迟元件（5），用于使第二偏振光线的振动方向转换为与第一偏振光线的振动方向相同，形成第三偏振光线；其中，第一偏振光线和第三偏振光线形成为进入导光板（9）的入射偏振光；导光板（9）用于接收入射偏振光。背光模组能够产生线偏振光，光源（1）所发出的自然光全部被转换为能够透过液晶盒的线偏振光，以使光源（1）发出的自然光被充分利用。

Description

本发明涉及显示技术领域， 尤其是指一种背光模组及显示装置。
随着显示器技术的迅速发展， 作为显示设备的一种的液晶显示器（LCD， Liquid Crystal Display) 已经成为平板显示领域的主流。 LCD是通过两片导电 玻璃形成的电场驱动其间的液晶来实现显示的， 由于液晶本身并不发光， 因 此 LCD需要通过外部光源实现透射或反射显示。 现有的 LCD大多数是透射 型的， 对于透射型 LCD, 背光模组是不可或缺的组成部分。
现有技术 LCD的背光模组通常为提供自然光， 没有特定的振动方向。在 应用于液晶显示器时， 需要在液晶盒的上下两侧分别贴设偏振片， 以使从背 光模组发出入射至偏振片的自然光转换为偏振光， 并允许一定振动方向的偏 振光通过。 因此， 基于现有技术背光模组所提供光， 仅有一部分被 LCD所利 ffi ,也即背光模组所提供自然光中只有一个方向的线偏振光通过 LCD用于图 像显示， 而另一个方向的线偏光被屏蔽， 因此产生光损失。
基于以上， 本发明技术方案的目的是提供一种背光模组及显示装置， 所 述背光模组能够产生线偏振光， 使得光源所发出自然光全部被转换为能够透 过液晶盒的线偏振光， 以使光源所发出自然光被充分利用。
本发明的一方面提供一种背光模组， 包括光源和导光板， 所述背光模组 还包括： 光准直元件， 用于将所述光源发出的发散光线转换为平行光线； 偏 振分光元件， 用于将所述平行光线转换为振动方向相垂直的第一偏振光线和 第二偏振光线； 相位延迟元件， 用于将所述第二偏振光线的振动方向转换为 与所述第一偏振光线的振动方向相同， 形成为第三偏振光线； 其中所述第一 偏振光线和所述第三偏振光线形成为进入所述导光板的入射偏振光； 所述导 光板 ^于接收所述入射偏振光。 根据本发明优选的实施方式， 背光模组还包括： 第一反射元件； 所述偏 振分光元件、 相位延迟元件和第一反射元件在平行光线的传输方向上依次排 列设置； 所述平行光线经过偏振分光元件后， 第一偏振光线被偏振分光元件 反射至导光板的入光面， 第二偏振光线通过所述偏振分光元件而继续传输至 相位延迟元件； 所述第二偏振光经过相位延迟元件转换为第三偏振光线； 所 述第三偏振光线经所述第一反射元件反射至导光板的入光面。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述背光模组还包括： 导光管， 包括与所 述平行光线的传输方向平行设置的中空管体， 用于接收所述平行光线， 使所 述平行光线在所述中空管体内传输； 其中， 所述偏振分光元件、 所述相位延 迟元件设置于所述中空管体内部。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述背光模组还包括： 第一隔光元件， 其 与偏振分光元件相连接并且沿着平行于平行光线传播方向设置， 用于防止光 线未经偏振分光元件直接传输至相位延迟元件，或者防止光线射向导光管外。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述第一隔光元件是具有光反射功能的第 二反射元件。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 偏振分光元件在所述平行光线传播方向上 向后倾斜设置。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述背光模组设置至少两个偏振分光元件 和至少两个第一隔光元件， 它们相互间隔设置， 在导光管内从离导光管的出 光面远的位置向离导光管的出光面近的位置的呈阶梯状设置， 偏振分光元件 和第一隔光元件在所述中空管体的橫向截面上的投影布满整个横向截面。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述背光模组还包括： 第二隔光元件， 沿 着平行于平行光线传播方向设置于所述中空管体内的相位延迟元件后， 并—且. 与所述第一反射元件相连接， 用于阻挡光线向所述中空管体的外部传输。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述背光模组设置至少两个第二隔光元件 和至少两个第一反射元件， 它们相互间隔设置， 在导光管内从离导光管的出 光面远的位置向离导光管的出光面近的位置的呈阶梯状设置； 第二隔光元件 和第一反射元件在中空管体的橫向截面上的投影布满整个横向截面。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述的背光模组的所述导光板包括： 导光板的出光面； 和与所述导光板的出光面平行相对设置的第一表面； 所述导光板还包括：
反向棱镜层， 设置于所述导光板的出光面， 用于使所述入射偏振光经过 所述导光板后以垂直于所述导光板的出光面的方向出射；
反射棱镜层， 设置于所述导光板的第一表面， 用于使在所述导光板内传 输 i入射至所述第一表面的所述入射偏振光朝所述导光板的出光面反射。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述的背光模组的所述导光板还包括： 第 三反射元件， 设置于所述第一表面的外表面， 用于使经过所述第一表面透出 的所述入射偏振光反射至所述导光板的内部。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述背光模组还包括： 扩束元件， 设置于 所述导光板的入光侧，用于使所述入射偏振光迸入所述导光板的入射角增大。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述偏振分光元件包括反射型偏光增亮膜 片。
根据本发明优选的实施方式， 所述相位延迟元件包括一个二分之一波片 或者包括两个四分之一波片。
本发明的另一方面提供一种显示装置， 包括显示面板， 其特征在于， 所 述显示装置还包括如上所述的背光模组。
本发明的上述技术方案中的至少一个具有以下有益效果：
采用本发明各具体实施方式所述背光模组， 光源所发出自然光依次通过 光准直元件、 偏振分光元件和相位延迟元件， 使得光源所发出自然光全部转 换为与显示面板上偏光片的透过轴一致的偏振光， 因此光源所发出自然光得 到充分利用， 不存在现有技术背光源所发出自然光有部分光被损失， 不能充 分被利用的情况， 显示装置的整机光能量利用率得到很大的提高。 图 1为本发明实施例 i的背光模组的平面结构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例 2、 3的背光模组的平面结构示意图；
图 3为图 2所示背光模组的剖面结构示意图；
图 4为图 2所示背光模组的导光管的光线偏振态的转换过程的剖面示意 图； 图 5为本发明实施例所采用相位延迟元件的工作原理示意图。 其中： 1光源、 2光准直元件、 3-导光管、 4偏振分光元件、 5-相位延迟 元件、 41-第一隔光元件、 6第二隔光元件、 7第一反射元件、 9导光板、 8 扩束元件、 12-反向棱镜层、 11-反射棱镜层、 10第三反射元件。 以下结合附图对本发明的结构和原理进行详细说明， 所举实施例仅用于 解释和说明本发明保护范围， 并非以此限定本发明保护范围。
实施例 1
实施例 1所述背光模组， 如图 1所示， 包括光源 1和导光板 9, 其中， 所述背光模组还包括：
光准直元件 2, 用于将所述光源 1所发出的发散光线转换为平行光线； 偏振分光元件 4, 用于将所述平行光线转换为振动方向相互垂直的第一 偏振光线和第二偏振光线；
相位延迟元件 5， 用于使所述第二偏振光线的振动方向转换为与所述第 一偏振光线的振动方向相同， 形成为第三偏振光线； 其中所述第一偏振光线 和第三偏振光线形成为进入所述导光板的入射偏振光； 所述导光板用于接收 所述入射偏振光。
利用本发明实施例 i 的所述背光模组， 光源所发出的自然光依次通过光 准直元件、 偏振分光元件和相位延迟元件， 使得光源所发出的自然光全部被 转换为与显示面板上偏光片的透过轴一致的偏振光， 因此背光模组所发出的 自然光得到充分利用， 显示装置的整机光能量利用率得到很大的提高。
优选地， 本发明实施例 1所述背光模组中， 还包括第一反射元件 7， 用 于将经过相位延迟元件 5转换振动方向获得的第≡偏振光线朝导光板 9反射， 以进入导光板 9。
实施例 2
如图 2与图 3所示， 实施例 2与实施例 i相比区别在于， 增加了导光管 3， 该导光管 3包括与所述平行光线的传输方向平行的中空管体， ^于接收所 述平行光线， 使所述平行光线在所述中空管体内传输， 以上所述的光准直元 件 2、 偏振分光元件 4、相位延迟元件 5和第一反射元件 7设置于导光管的中 空管体内。 本发明所述的背光模组进一步利用导光管约束光线， 避免光源所 发出的光线向外扩散而不能被完全利用。
最佳地， 本发明实施例 2所述的背光模组中， 所述导光板 9包括： 反向棱镜层 2， 设置于所述导光板 9的出光面， 用于使所述入射偏振光 经过所述导光板 9后以垂直于所述导光板的出光面的方向出射；
反射棱镜层 1， 设置于所述导光板 9的第一表面， 用于使在所述导光板 9 内传输且入射至所述第一表面的所述入射偏振光向所述导光板的出光面反 射， 其中所述第一表面与所述导光板的出光面相平行， 且第一表面与导光板 的出光面分别为与导光板 9的入光面相垂直的面。
所述导光板 9利用分设于导光板的出光面和第一表面的反向棱镜层 12和 反射棱镜层 11 ,使进入导光板 9的入射偏振光可以很好的保持光线的偏振态， 并以 光板的出光面的方向从导光板射出。
Figure imgf000007_0001
本实施例所述背光模组， 其中所述偏振分光元件 4可以使用现在市售的 各种可以实现偏振分光作用的膜来形成。 优选的， 该偏振分光元件 4包括反 射型偏光增亮膜片 (DBEF, Dual-Brightness Enhancement Film)。
优选的， 所述相位延迟元件 5包括二分之一波片。
以下结合图 2至图 4对本发明实施例 3所述背光模组各部分的具体结构 进行详细描述。
参阅图 2所示，本发明实施例 3所述背光模组包括光源 1、光准直元件 2、 导光管 3、导光板 9及设置于导光管 3内的偏振分光元件 4及相位延迟元件 5。
其中， 本发明实施例中， 所述光源 1可以包括至少一个发光二极管 LED 灯， 并不限于此， 只要能够发出自然白光即可。 所述导光管 3平行于导光板 9的其中一侧面设置， 该其中一侧面为导光板 9的入光面。光源 1与导光管 3 之间设置有光准直元件 2。通过该光准直元件 2, 对光源 1所发出光线进行准 直， 使所发出的发散光线转换为平行光线。 优选地， 该光准直元件 2为一准 直透镜， 且优选为一全反射 （T¾tai Internal Reflection, TIR) 型准直透镜， 可 以同时利用全反射和折射原理对光线进行准直处理， 具有很好的准直效果。 本领域技术人员应该能够了解能够将发散光转换为平行光的准直透镜的具体 结构及原理， 在此不详细描述。
所述光源 1所发出光线经过光准直元件 2后形成传输方向基本一致的平 行光线， 平行光线传输进入导光管 3。 该导光管 3 与该平行光线的传输方向 相平行设置， 且包括与该平行光线的传输方向平行的中空管体， 使从光准直 元件 2所发出的平行光线能够沿中空管体传输， 进一步实现对光线的约束作 用， 避免光线向外扩散而不能被完全利用。 所述偏振分光元件 4及所述相位 延迟元件 5沿平行光线的传输方向依次排列设置， 通过偏振分光元件 4将进 入导光管 3的所述平行光线转换为振动方向相互垂直的第一偏振光线和第二 偏振光线， 通过相位延迟元件 5使所述第二偏振光线的振动方向转换为与第 一偏振光线的振动方向相同， 形成第三偏振光线。
所述偏振分光元件 4 优选包括反射型偏光增亮膜片 DBEF (Dual-Brightness Enhance Film), 能够将自然光转换为两个振动方向相互垂 直的线偏振光。 遥常 DBEF采用多层棱镜膜构成， 所设置的棱镜膜能够使沿 第二方向振动的线偏振光通过， 使沿第一方向 （与第二方向垂直） 振动的线 偏振光被反射， 从而能够将光线转换为振动方向相垂直的第一偏振光和第二 偏振光。 自然光经过光准直元件 2后进入导光管 3， 在导光管 3 内沿与导光 管 3平行的方向向前传输，经过偏振分光元件 4后，使振动方向平行于 DBEF 透光轴的偏振光（第二偏振光线）通过而继续传输， 而振动方向垂直于 DBEF 透光轴的偏振光 （第一偏振光线） 则被 DBEF的棱镜膜反射至导光板 9的入 光面。 结合图 4所示， 其中图 4为图 2所示背光模组导光管的光线偏振态的 转换过程剖面示意图。 具体的， 以平行于导光管 3传输的偏振光振动方向垂 直于 DBEF透光轴， 垂直于导光管 3传输的偏振光振动方向平行于 DBEF透 光轴为例。与导光管 3相平行的平行线偏振光经过偏振分光元件 4后被反射， 而与导光管 3相垂直的垂直线偏振光透过偏振分光元件 4后继续传输。 但垂 直于 DBEF透光轴和平行于 DBEF透光轴的传输方向仅以此举例说明， 并不 限上述方式， 例如垂直于 DBEF透光轴的偏振光线也可以为垂直于导光管 3， 而平行于 DBEF透光轴的偏振光线也可以为平行于导光管 3。
本领域技术人员应该能够了解 DBEF将自然光转换为振动方向相互垂直 的线偏振光的原理与设置结构， 在此不作详细描述。 本发明实施例 3中， 如图 2所示， 由于经光准直元件 2的光基本上为平 行光线， 但也可能会存在极少量的有稍微偏差的非平行光线。 因此， 为了避 免导光管 3 内的这部分极少量非平行光线发生扩散而未能全部经过偏振分光 元件 4进行光线转换， 即传输至相位延迟元件 5， 或者发生扩散射向导光管 3 外， 在导光管 3内， 设置有与偏振分光元件 4相连接的沿着平行于平行光线 传播方向的第一隔光元件 41。 该第一隔光元件 41优选为有反射作用的第二 反射元件， 从而可以将上述极少量的非平行光线反射向偏振分光元件 4， 从 而提高光线的利用率。 所述第一隔光元件 41也可以为只起到隔光作用， 即： 防止光线直接传输至相位延迟元件 5 , 或者发生扩散射向导光管 3外。 优选 的， 偏振分光元件 4在所述平行光线传播方向上向后倾斜设置（如图 2、 图 4 所示）。
进一步优选地， 设置至少两个偏振分光元件 4和至少两个第一隔光元件 41 (图 2中是四个偏振分光元件 4和三个第一隔光元件 41 )， 它们相互间隔 设置， 优选它们在导光管 3内形成如图 2和 4所示的从离导光管 3的出光面 远的位置向离导光管 3的出光面近的位置的呈阶梯状设置。 由此， 偏振分光 元件 4和第一隔光元件 41 在中空管体的横向截面上的投影布满整个横向截 面， 从而可以尽可能地全部利用进入导光管 3的光线。
本发明实施例 3中， 所述相位延迟元件 5包括一个二分之一波片或者包 括两个四分之一波片。 通过波片的两个互相正交的偏振分量产生相位偏移， 可用来调整光束的偏振状态。 以采 ^二分之一波片为例， 线偏振光通过二分 之一波片后， 仍为线偏振光， 但是， 其合振动的振动面与入射线偏振光的振 动面转过 2Θ角度， 如图 5所示。 若 θ::::45° , 则出射光的振动面与原入射光的 振动面垂直， 也就是说， 当&: ::45度时， 二分之一波片可以使偏振态旋转 90°。
因此， 所述相位延迟元件 5为二分之一波片^, 二分之一波片的光轴与 DBEF平行， 使得导光管 3 内传输的平行光发生在垂直的两个方向的电场振 幅变化出现相位延迟， 从而能够将入射至二分之一波片上的入射线偏振光和 从二分之一波片射出的出射线偏振光出现 90度的偏振方向的变化。本发明实 施例中， 通过相位延迟元件 5的二分之一波片， 将振动方向平行于 DBEF透 光轴的偏振光线（第二偏振光线）转换为垂直于 DBEF透光轴的偏振光线（第 三偏振光线）。 以图 4所示光线传输形式为例， 相位延迟元件 5的二分之一波 片将垂直于导光管传输的偏振光转换为平行于导光管传输的偏振光。
所述相位延迟元件 5为两个四分之一波片时， 工作原理与为一个二分之 一波片相同， 在此不再赘述。
参阅图 2， 本发明实施例所述背光模组， 还包括： 第二隔光元件 6和第 一反射元件 7。
其中， 第二隔光元件 6, 设置于导光管 3 的中空管体内， 沿平行于平行 光线的传输方向设置于相位延迟元件 5的后方， 与第一反射元件 7相连接， 用于阻挡经过相位延迟元件 5转换所形成的入射偏振光向中空管体的外部传 ； 该第二隔光元件 6优选为具有反射作用的元件， 从而可以将射到其上的 光线向导光管 3的出光面 （即： 导光板 9的入光面） 或向第一反射元件 7反 第一反射元件 7， 与所述第二隔光元件 6相连接， 用于入射偏振光朝所 述导光板 9的入光面反射。
迸一歩优选地， 设置至少 2个第二隔光元件 6和至少 2个第一反射元件 7， 它们相互间隔设置， 优选它们在导光管 3内形成如图 2和 4所示的从离导 光管 3的出光面远的位置向离导光管 3的出光面近的位置的呈阶梯状。由此， 第二隔光元件 6和第一反射元件 7在中空管体的横向截面上的投影布满整个 横向截面， 从而可以尽可能地全部利 ^进入导光管 3的光线。
通过所述第二隔光元件 6和第一反射元件 7以进一步保证光源 1所发出 的光能够完全传输至导光板 9的内部而被充分利用。
本发明具体实施例所述的背光模组， 通过导光管 3 内所设置的上述第一 隔光元件 41、 偏振分光元件 4、 相位延迟元件 5、 第二隔光元件 6及第一反 射元件 7后， 使得光源 1所发出的自然光全部转换为具有一个振动方向的线 偏光 （第一偏振光线， 本发明实施例中为平行于 DBEF透光轴的偏振光， 当 DBEF的透光轴出现 90度变化时， 第一偏振光和第二偏振光也会出现 90度 的变化）， 之后传输进入导光板 9, 经过导光板 9均匀传输后， 进入显示装置 的下偏振片， 能够透过显示装置的下偏振片传输至液晶层用于图像显示。
参阅图 2与图 3所示， 导光管 3设置于导光板 9的一 -侧， 最佳地， 在该 导光板 9接收导光管 3所发出光线的该入光侧， 还设置有扩束元件 8， 用于 使所述入射偏振光进入所述导光板的入射角增大。 其中， 该扩束元件 8可以 包括多个半球形扩束棱镜， 形成为半球形扩束棱镜阵列结构， 通过该半球形 扩束棱镜来达到增大入射光的入射角度的目的， 使得入射偏振光能够充分在 导光板 9内传输， 以使导光板 9上的光线更加均匀。 本领域技术人员应该能 够了解具有上述扩束元件 8的具体结构， 且该部分并非为本发明的重点， 在 此不详细描述。
进一步地， 为了使进入导光板 9的入射偏振光可以很好的保持光线的偏 振态， 本发明实施例所述背光模组中， 参阅图 3所示， 所述导光板 9包括： 反向棱镜层！2， 设置于所述导光板 9的出光面 (如图 3所示为上表面， 形 成为垂直于导光板 9入光面的表面)， 用于使所述入射偏振光经过所述导光板 9后以垂直于所述导光板的出光面的方向出射；
反射棱镜层 11， 设置于所述导光板 9的第一表面 (如图 3所示为下表面， 形成为垂直于导光板 9入光侧面， 且与导光板的出光面平行的表面：， 用于使 在所述导光板 9内传输且入射至所述第一表面的所述入射偏振光朝所述导光 板的出光面反射， 其中所述导光板的出光面与所述第一表面相平行；
第≡反射元件 10, 设置于所述第一表面的外表面， 用于使经过所述第一 表面透出的所述入射偏振光反射至所述导光板 10的内部。
其中所述反向棱镜层 12和所述反射棱镜层 Π上的棱镜结构沿平行于导 光管 3的方向 （与导光板 9内的光线传播方向基本保持垂直） 设置， 这样可 以很好的保持光线的偏振态； 另外， 导光板 9的上下表面分别用反向棱镜层 12和全反射棱镜层 11对导光板 9中的光线进行方向控制， 并—且.在导光板的 下部安装第≡反射元件 10， 这种结构可以保证从导光板 9发射的光线沿垂直 于第一表面的方向发出， 以及防止漏光。
所述反向棱镜层 12和所述反射棱镜层 Π可以分别形成为膜状， 采用贴 附的形式分别设置于导光板 9的导光板的出光面和第一表面上， 也可以采用 加工方式制成于导光板的出光面和第一表面上。
本领域技术人员可以理解， 所述反向棱镜层 12和所述反射棱镜层 11上 的棱镜倾斜角度、 棱镜结构的布局密度等会影响入射光在棱镜上的反射及透 射情况， 为实现入射偏振光在导光板 9上的均匀传输， 及保证入射偏振光可 以沿垂直于第一表面的方向从导光板 9上发出， 本领域技术人员根据实际经 验， 应该了解实现上述效果的具体形式， 在此不详细描述。
导光板 9也可以采用本领域中常用的其他形式的导光板。
实施例 4
本实施例提供一种显示装置， 包括显示面板及上述各实施例结构的背光 模组。 其中背光模组的结构可以结合图 2至图 4参阅以上的具体描述， 在此 不再赘述。
其中， 所述显示装置可以为： 液晶面板、 OLED面板、 手机、 平板电脑、 电视机、 显示器、 笔记本电脑、 数码相框和导航仪等任何利用背光模组实现 显示功能的产品或部件。
本发明具体实施例所述背光模组及显示装置具有以下有益效果： 利用光准直元件、 偏振分光元件和相位延迟元件， 使得光源所发出自然 光全部转换为具有一个振动方向的偏振光， 使得光源所发出自然白光得到充 分利 ^， 显示装置的整机光能量利用率得到很大的提高；
禾 U用分设于导光板的出光面和第一表面的反向棱镜层和反射棱镜层相配 合， 使进入导光板的入射偏振光可以很好的保持光线的偏振态， 并以垂直于 导光板的出光面的方向从导光板射出， 实现导光板上所传输光的方向控制， 并保证导光板上光传输的均匀性；
进而利用第三反射元件防止产生漏光， 以实现光的充分利用；
偏振分光元件采用 DBEF, 相位延迟元件采用二分之一波片， 使得本发 明所述结构简单， 易于实现。
以上所述为本发明较佳实施例， 应当指出， 对于本领域普通技术人员来 说， 在不脱离本发明保护范围的前提下， 还可以作出若千改进和润饰， 这些 改进和润饰也应视为本发明保护范围。

Claims

1. 一种背光模组， 包括光源和导光板， 其特征在于， 所述背光模组还包 括：
光准直元件， 用于将所述光源发出的发散光线转换为平行光线； 偏振分光元件， 用于将所述平行光线转换为振动方向相垂直的第一偏振 光线和第二偏振光线；
相位延迟元件， 用于将所述第二偏振光线的振动方向转换为与所述第一 偏振光线的振动方向相同， 形成为第三偏振光线； 其中所述第一偏振光线和 所述第三偏振光线形成为进入所述导光板的入射偏振光； 所述导光板用于接 收所述入射偏振光。
2, 如权利要求 1所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 还包括：
第一反射元件；
所述偏振分光元件、 相位延迟元件和第一反射元件在平行光线的传输方 向上依次排列设置；
所述平行光线经过偏振分光元件后， 第一偏振光线被偏振分光元件反射 至导光板的入光面， 第二偏振光线遥过所述偏振分光元件而继续传输至相位 延迟元件；
所述第二偏振光经过相位延迟元件转换为第三偏振光线；
所述第≡偏振光线经所述第一反射元件反射至导光板的入光面。
3. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述背光模组还包 括：
导光管， 包括与所述平行光线的传输方向平行设置的中空管体， 用于接 收所述平行光线， 使所述平行光线在所述中空管体内传输；
其中， 所述偏振分光元件、所述相位延迟元件设置于所述中空管体内部。
4, 如权利要求 3所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述背光模组还包括： 第一隔光元件， 其与偏振分光元件相连接并且沿着平行于平行光线传播 方向设置， 用于防止光线未经偏振分光元件直接传输至相位延迟元件， 或者 所述第一隔光元件是具有光反射功能的第二反射元件。
6. 如权利要求 4至 5任一项所述的背光模组， 其特征在于，
偏振分光元件在所述平行光线传播方向上向后倾斜设置。
7. 如权利要求 4至 6任一项所述的背光模组， 其特征在于，
设置至少两个偏振分光元件和至少两个第一隔光元件， 它们相互间隔设 置， 在导光管内从离导光管的出光面远的位置向离导光管的出光面近的位置 的呈阶梯状设置， 偏振分光元件和第一隔光元件在所述中空管体的横向截面 上的投影布满整个横向截面。
8. 如权利要求 3至 7任一项所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述背光模 组还包括：
第二隔光元件， 沿着平行于平行光线传播方向设置于所述中空管体内的 相位延迟元件后， 并且与所述第一反射元件相连接， 用于阻挡光线向所述中 空管体的外部传输。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的背光模组， 其特征在于，
设置至少两个第二隔光元件和至少两个第一反射元件， 它们相互间隔设 置， 在导光管内从离导光管的出光面远的位置向离导光管的出光面近的位置 的呈阶梯状设置； 第二隔光元件和第一反射元件在中空管体的横向截面上的 投影布满整个横向截面。
10. 如权利要求 1至 9任一项所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述导光 板包括：
导光板的出光面； 和与所述导光板的出光面平行相对设置的第一表面； 所述导光板还包括：
反向棱镜层， 设置于所述导光板的出光面， ^于使所述入射偏振光经过 所述导光板后以垂直于所述导光板的出光面的方向出射；
反射棱镜层， 设置于所述导光板的第一表面， 用于使在所述导光板内传 输且入射至所述第一表面的所述入射偏振光朝所述导光板的出光面反射。
11. 如权利要求 10所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述导光板还包括： 第≡反射元件， 设置于所述第一表面的外表面， 用于使经过所述第一表 面透出的所述入射偏振光反射至所述导光板的内部。
12. 如权利要求 1至 11任一项所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述背光 模组还包括：
扩束元件， 设置于所述导光板的入光侧， 用于使所述入射偏振光迸入所 述导光板的入射角增大。
13. 如权利要求 1至 12任一项所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述偏振 分光元件包括反射型偏光增亮膜片。
14. 如权利要求 1至 13任一项所述的背光模组， 其特征在于， 所述相位 延迟元件包括一个二分之一波片或者包括两个四分之一波片。
15. 一种显示装置， 包括显示面板， 其特征在于， 所述显示装置还包括 如上权利要求 I至权利要求 14任一项所述的背光模组。
PCT/CN2013/089215 2013-07-26 2013-12-12 背光模组及显示装置 Ceased WO2015010418A1 (zh)

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